THE INLAND PRINTER The Leading Trade Journal of the World IN THE Printing and Allied Industries. volume XLIII, April, 1909, to September, 1909. CHICAGO, ILL., U. S. A. : The Inland Printer Company, Publishers. INDEX TO THE INLAND PRINTER INDEX. vi INDEX. INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. Ilffl* y mm M i£‘ mmm. r Co. ... .157, 317, 4 ariS'-i isfcy»t--r‘S: a ill; i Gilbert, Harris & Co . 31, 183, 359, 509, r:=r— S'|1» ssiSssfs ■Kv. ■.mm, :1» §§ 1 . . -.,Mfg:co::::::i46;|6,776; g4g HoT’R1,1'*' Co'. '.'.28', 1(33, 179, '322,' 616, ^ 6 00 . U2i l?8;.|f! .5* 1 i 155, 312, 444, 513, ^ " ““ 953 ^n^fe°ni f| HS.Wm,' VVs', 928 Jaenecke Printing Ink Co . 139,310, 453, ^ ftSS tfrwzr.&mw"’ !8” Queen City Printing Ink Co. . . .22, 186, 471, ^ Seybold Machine Co . 12, 193, 330, , t5?505','el; m, "Co.'. Vm', '28.3, "439',' 0 Co . 149, 179, 444, INDEX. TareoHn J Xe^m, W,' 637, 11 92? Tucker Feeder Co . 150, 291, i Mfg. Co . 149, 199, is s-i f HOJOMCO CO iH 00 1> 1> r-Tl01> ' 05 C SSSSf: "SSSSSSS :«S THE INLAND PRINTERS ftg m m 1 n 1 g§ ' (gS TgS etone Inks nannies You need them in your business. Of course you can get along without them. Indeed, for many ages, the world Got along (and quite nicely, too) Without steam, electricity, gunpowder — And even without printing. But the question is Ought you, should you, can you afford To get along without Doubletone Inks and Ullmanines When their use means Profit and prestige for you? You may not know all about These marvelous inks — Ask us. Sigmund Uliman Co. New York Chicago Philadelphia Distributors of Butler Brands .WAUKEE ; WISCONSIN NI) RAPIDS, MICHIGAN mcouvER, COMPANY FRANCISCO, Made in America s/S/'S ^ >‘Vs ✓ s / N / \ \ \ K V . / ’ - > * ■ r A r A v 2 ' s WRITE FOR OUR STAR ENGLISH FINISH EXHIBIT MAILED FREE ON APPLICATION To the Craft of paper-handling ma- chinery the Cross Con¬ tinuous Feeders. Our exclusive selling agency covers all countries excepting the British Isles and Europe. These machines will bear the same endorsement and guarantee as our own manufacture. Our wide experience and knowledge of automatic paper-handling machinery is at your disposal. Appreciating your good will and pat¬ ronage of the past, we trust to merit your continued approval. Very truly yours, Dexter Folder Company. New York Chicago San Francisco Boston Announcement ^ \HE Cross Paper Feeder Company begs to announce that it has ap¬ pointed the Dexter Folder Company its sole selling agents for Cross Continuous Feeders in all markets ex¬ cepting the British Isles and Europe. Effective March i, 190Q. Cross Paper Feeder 185 Summer Street , Boston , Mass . Company. HAMILTON FURNITURE Has a quarter century of the Company’s own experience back of it, and we have inherited the experience of all the old- time concerns who have made compos¬ ing-room furniture and wood type since the early days of printing in America. That is why the Hamilton Product is unique and stands alone in its field. Others may quote you on imitation Hamilton Goods, but they cannot imi¬ tate the Hamilton Quality. That quality is like the rock of Gibraltar — for twenty-five years it has been assailed, but it stands firmer to-day than ever before. PYRAMID LEAD AND SLUG BANK WOOD TYPE EVERY LETTER in every font of wood type that bears the Hamilton stamp, which you will find on the capital As, is guaranteed to be true to height. No underlaying of wood type lines where set in Hamilton type. This guarantee is made absolutely without reservation. What printer would not pre¬ fer such wood type to the kind that varies the thick¬ ness of a cardboard ? The product of the press is increased from io to 25 per cent. SEND FOR WOOD TYPE CATALOG THE HAMILTON MFG. CO. Main Office and Factories . . TWO RIVERS, WIS. Eastern Office and Warehouse . . RAHWAY, N. J. Send for new Supplement and a copy of “ Composing-room Economy,” showing floor plans in thirty-two modernized printing plants. - ALL PROMINENT DEALERS SELL HAMILTON GOODS - A valuable LINE GAUGE, graduated to picas and nonpareils, mailed free to every inquiring printer. Five to One A tale without words for the publisher of a daily paper or for the manager of a job printing plant who in these enlightened days continues to hand-set all of his copy. Figure it out for yourself, or ask the users of 13,000 Linotypes SEARS, ROEBUCK & CO., Chicago, for instance, have found that “The Linotype way is the only way” to set intricate mail-order catalogues. MERGENTHALER LINOTYPE COMPANY SAN FRANCISCO NEW ORLEANS SYDNEY. N. S. W. ) WELLINGTON, N. Z. } MEXICO CITY, MEX. ) TORONTO -The Mergenthaler Co., Ltd. g Co. BUENOS AIRES — Louis L. Lomer CAPE TOWN - John Haddon & Co. STOCKHOLM - Aktiebolaget Amerikanska Sattmt HAVANA - Francisco Arredondo TOKIO Teijiro Kurosawa ST. PETERSBURG — Leopold Hell NOTHING VIEW FROM NORTHEAST Ninety sizes and styles of the ONTARIO, BROWN & CARVER and OSWEGO Cutting Machines are made. One of these is exactly adapted to your especial needs. Each one has several improvements on no other. You get the advantage of over a third of a century’s specialization on this one line of cutting machinery. OSWEGO MACHINE WORKS, Oswego, N.Y. NIEL GRAY, Jr., Proprietor. New York Office, 150 Nassau St.— Walter S. Timmis, Manager. Chicago Office, 347 Dearborn St.— J. M. Ives, Manager. THE HEAVIEST, SIMPLEST, MOST COMPACT AND HANDSOMEST TWO-REVOLUTION. COMPARE THIS ILLUSTRATION WITH THAT OF ANY OTHER. THE BABCOCK PRINTING PRESS MANUFACTURING CO., NEW LONDON, CONNECTICUT New York Office, 38 Park Row. John Haddon & Co. Agents London. Miller & Richard, Canadian Agents, Toronto Ontario. BARNHART BROS. & SPINDLER, WESTERN AGENTS, 183-187 MONROE STREET, CHICAGO Great Western Type Foundry, Kansas City, Missouri; Great Western Type Foundry, Omaha. Nebraska; Minnesota Type Foundry Co.. St. Paul, Minnesota; St. Louis Printers Supply Co., St. Louis, Missouri; Southern Printers Supply Co.. Washington, District Columbia; The Barnhart Type Foundry Co., Dallas, Texas; National Paper & Type Co., City of Mexico, Vera Cruz, Monterrey, and Havana, Cuba. On the Pacific Coast— Pacific Printers Supply Company, Seattle, Wash. The Babcock Optimus The Babcock Optimus If your work is heavy and hard, and must be done quickly, the Optimus will give you better service than any other can. Because you are having trouble with such work, do not imagine that it is necessary, or that you must suffer it continually. An Optimus will replace weakness with strength. There is no uncertainty about this. It is sure. There is not a man using an Optimus that will not corroborate it. Any Optimus will demonstrate it. The cylinder does not go up when overlays go on. That’s one test of rigidity, and makes fast make-ready. The Optimus will not gutter. That’s another, and saves forms. Judged by these two familiar tests the Optimus has no equal in the most vital quality in a printing press. The best work is impossible without this supreme strength. The things that make the Optimus best for heavy and hard work are the things that fit it most perfectly for the light and easy. Unequaled strength, splendid distribution, high speed, superb construction, give superior efficiency, and insure endurance. On any sort of work it will be a good press when others with like service are practically useless. Old Opti¬ mus presses prove this; and every Optimus ever made not destroyed by fire is still in use. The Babcock Optimus Rebuilt Linotypes Model 1, Two -letter Linotypes. All worn parts replaced by new. Guaranteed to produce as good a slug as from a new machine. Prices and Terms on Application Prompt delivery. All machines sold with new matrices and new spacebands. tJThis is the only company that rebuilds Linotypes, that maintains a regular force of machinists and is equipped with up-to-date machinery. We have an exclusive special license to use patented attachments in rebuilding Lino¬ type machines, All parts used by us in rebuilding Linotypes are purchased from the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, and are made in the United States. C[ If you want other model Linotypes, write us. We have completed special tools and attachments for the accurate repairing of Spacebands. Price for Repairing Spacebands, each - We Guarantee All Our Work. 25c. We are now prepared to accept orders for repairing Linotype machines or complete Linotype plants. If you have a Linotype to sell j If you wish to buy a rebuilt Linotype \ WRITE US Gutenberg Machine Company 545-547-549 Wabash Avenue, CHICAGO The above statement is being daily demonstrated by an ever-increasing number of printers who are satisfactorily using the HARRIS AUTOMATIC ROTARY OFFSET PRESS the best press for higher grades of printing and lithographing. If it’s good for them it would be equally valuable to you. Built in four sizes. Information on request. The Harris Automatic Press Co. CHICAGO OFFICE factory NEW YORK OFFICE Manhattan Building NILES, OHIO 1579 Fulton Hudson Terminal Building HALF-TONES CAN BE SUCCESSFULLY PRINTED ON ROUGH, SOFT or BOND PAPER E. C. FULLER COMPANY SOLE SELLING AGENT FISHER BUILDING, CHICAGO 28 READE STREET, NEW YORK Fuller Manufacturing Company’s Specialties FULLER COMBINATION FEEDER FULLER PRINTING PRESS FEEDER FULLER RULING MACHINE FEEDER THE largest and best equipped Plant in the World for the manufacture of Automatic Feeders, Folding Machinery and Cutters. Thousands in daily operation. Write for descriptive catalogue 10 E. C. FULLER COMPANY SOLE SELLING AGENT FISHER BUILDING, CHICAGO 28 READE STREET, NEW YORK Smyth Manufacturing Company’s Specialties No. 1 CASE MACHINE CASING-IN MACHINE No. 2 CASE MACHINE CLOTH-CUTTING MACHINE THE best constructed, the most satisfactory and the most profitable machines for the purposes for which they are designed. Write for descriptive catalogue Seybold Automatic Knife Grinder Grinds perfectly straight . Will not burn the knife . Easy to adjust and operate. Saves space and power. If you use two or more cutting machines it will pay you to write us for further information and prices. Ill |;l j I Write for Descriptive Circulars and Prices. | j ! j 1 1 " ! } j j | | j | 1 j 1 ] j j | | | | | THE SEYBOLD MACHINE COMPANY Main Office and Factory, DAYTON, OHIO NEW YORK :: CHICAGO :: SAN FRANCISCO The J. L. Morrison Co. F. A. Venney & Co. J. H. Schroeter & Bro. Canadian-American Mchry, Co. Canada Agents Southwestern and Mexican Agents Southern Agents European Agents Toronto Dallas, Texas Atlanta, Georgia London, E. C., England 12 Mr. Publisher— SCOTT Newspaper Presses will produce more papers of superior appearance in a given time than any other make of machine on the market. Rather a strong statement, but WE CAN PROVE IT and also the following one. SCOTT Newspaper Presses will produce the above results with a saving in Paper, Power and Time over any other make of press. You can do yourself no greater service than to ask us to explain these matters to you before you buy your next press. If you do, you will join the large number of SCOTT users, because a thorough investigation will prove that our machines are in a class by themselves — years in advance of all competition. What others claim as new we have been doing for years, while our machines have features obtainable only in the SCOTT. New York Office 41 Park Row Walter Scott & Co. - MAIN OFFICE AND FACTORY - PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A. Chicago Office Monadnock Block TELL US YOUR REQUIREMENTS - WE HAVE THE PRESS 13 Reliable Printers’ Rollers Sami Bingham’s Son Mlg. Co. CHICAGO FACTORIES 195=207 South Canal Street PITTSBURG First Avenue and Ross Street ST. LOUIS 514 = 516 Clark Avenue KANSAS CITY 507=509 Broadway ATLANTA 52=54 So. Forsyth Street INDIANAPOLIS 151 = 153 Kentucky Avenue DALLAS 675 Elm Street MILWAUKEE 133 = 135 Michigan Street ^)\vcro-§ro^..®l^ \\\\cro-^ror^. ^*$3^ *\\\vcro-^ro^L. *\^vcro-^r®C!n^L. \\\vcra-^v'ovTrtd., ■C^^ ^^cVc-^rc^X. ■Cjcovxa^L. ^3®B^ *\)\vcro-^cgun^.. *\)\\crg-^roun^.. €gj3i>) *\>\vcro- ESTABLISHED 1830 To the Trade: We beg to announce a new Coes Knife which we are selling as our “New Process” Knife. We have been supplying this knife in its improved form for over a year to our largest customers with the best results. It is sold on our regular list at no advance in price. Following our established habit of raising quality to the customer at no extra expense to him. COES’ RECORDS First to use Micrometer in Knife work (1890). First to absolutely refuse to join the Trust (1893) • First to use special steels for paper work (1894). First to use a special package (1901). First to print and sell by a “printed in figures’’ Price¬ list (1904). First to make first-class Knives, any kind (1830 to 1905). COES Is Always Best ! Same package. Same warrant. Ask us. Loring Coes & Co. DEPARTMENT COES WRENCH CO. Worcester, Massachusetts f, is Pi k ?, ?! ifi C P c 5 1 7 h fi 1 7 f! © P © o if! © M New York Office — G. V. ALLEN, 21 Murray Street Somewhere there is always a happy medium between necessity and luxury — a common ground on which intrinsic value and reasonable cost meet and shake hands. In business stationery that happy medium is (Hortbmore Bond ( it has the crackle ) The best- known business paper for every known business need. SAMPLES ON REQUEST The Whitaker Paper Company CINCINNATI, OHIO, and NASHVILLE, TENN. BAY STATE PAPER COMPANY BOSTON, MASS., and NEW YORK, N. Y. □ 0 □ 0 □ □ESSH3E □ □E EJQE □HE "h Your business could be increased if you had the Litho Roman If you doubt this, we will on request send you copies of letters from printers who have by means of Litho Roman made customers of many firms they had previously been unable to laud. Inland Type Foundry Saint Louis Chicago New York ]QE □□G SHE 3BI-=3H 3En=JE3QE]E HAVE YOU TRIED NO-WASH-UP? It's something NEW and a BOON to every printer FEW DROPS of "No - W asli - Up applied to the rollers of any press at night, and run for a few minutes "tripped, puts the press m per¬ fect readiness to run the next morning without the necessity of washing up. : : : : : : : : BETTER ORDER A TRIAL CAN: 75 cts. per half-pound can. $1.50 per one-pound can. Manufactured by THE AULT & WIBORG CO. PRINTED WITH ZENITH RICH GOLD, 954-72. v. ; :o b >: :« k KLEANKUT >: :< b :< >: 'A V. \ :< b a b :< b :< :< b :« b :« !>' r J^ HIS is a preparation recently put on the market hy us, for cleaning cuts, as its name implies. It will effectually remove all old dried-up ink from electrotypes, wood cuts, etc., without affecting them m the least. Try a sample and he convinced of its merits. Sold m pound and half-pound cans at $ / .00 pCr pOllTld. I l Prices m larger quantities on application. b :: b :< >: :< b '< . :< b Ma,mf,ctUrej W the ATJTT y WTBOR.G CO. >: :< :< >: :< >: n CINCINNATI NEW YORK CHICAGO ST. LOUIS PHILADELPHIA BUFFALO SAN FRANCISCO TORONTO HAVANA CITY OF MEXICO BUENOS AIRES LONDON >: :< b :< B PRINTED WITH ZENITH PALE GOLD, 954-71. WHERE THE PRESSMAN STANDS he should have at quick command the entire control of his press. A slight movement of the lever instantly “starts” or “stops” the largest press manufactured, and automatically brings it up to the predetermined speed. “The Kohler System” means a great item of saving in time and protects the press. Our controller system is being adopted by the foremost printing plants of the country, and- its first day’s use proves its vital efficiency. This illustration shows “THE KOHLER SYSTEM” as installed on the OPTIMUS PRESS. The operating stations in connection with our controller may be established at various convenient points about the press and are of great value to the pressman in his “ make ready.” “THE KOHLER SYSTEM ” is not complicated, is fool-proof and inexpensive. Let us tell you more about “ THE KOHLER SYSTEM. ” Drop us a line, stating kind of machinery you use, its make and size, voltage of your power circuit, and the speed of your driving shaft, which will enable us to accurately suggest plans of installation. KOHLER BROTHERS i Madison Ave., NEW YORK. MAIN OFFICE 277 Dearborn St., CHICAGO 56 Ludgate Hill, LONDON, E.C. 1-2 17 When you have been sufficiently misled , by buying imitations of our product, drop us a line. Established 27 years ago. “Togo” Catalog Folder Made by Brown Folding Machine Company ERIE, PA., U. S. A. New York Agencies Chicago Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. 38 Park Row London, W. C., J. Collis & Sons, 3SS Dearborn Street 42 Regent Square, Gray’s Inn Road ■ ' 19 A few names of leading printers of Chicago, also the number of their presses on which our rollers are used exclusively: Rand, McNally & Co. . . 206 Presses American Colortype Co. . 51 “ Regan Printing House . 32 “ Armour Printing Works . 56 “ R. J. Kittredge & Co. 49 “ W. B. Conkey Co. . . . 64 “ M. A. Donohue & Co. . . 33 “ Stromberg, Allen & Co. . 45 “ Poole Bros . . 106 “ Total, . 642 Presses i-i-, The Buckie Printers’ Roller Go. Chicago St. Paul Detroit FORTIETH YEAR Established 1869 m We Make More Cylinder and Job Press Rollers for Chicago Printers Than Do All the Other :: Roller Makers Combined :: 20 A liberal education in the printing business is needed by the average buyer of the commodity. The prevalent practice of working one printer against another and buying of the lowest bidder is disastrous to both buyer and seller. In advertising in the general magazines and weeklies we are endeavoring to and succeeding in educating buyers. We are proving that quality means more than price. We are creating new and better business. Are you getting your share? It’s right up to you. Hampshire Paper Company The only paper makers in the world making Bond Paper exclusively South Hadley Falls, Mass. 21 THAT IS RIGHT- KICK OUT the just as good KIND Buy the kind you have been SHOWN The Trade has been SHOWN Hundreds of Shades of QUEEN CITY INKS which have Trade -Securing Qualities QUEEN CITY INKS are made to SUIT the CONDITIONS WE ARE PROUD of THEIR QUALITIES CINCINNATI CHICAGO BOSTON PHILADELPHIA KANSAS CITY 22 The Queen City Printing Ink Co. THE CHAMBERS Paper Folding Machines An accurate machine of especial value on long edition work. Among several sizes our customers find No. 528 is adjustable for 90 per cent of all such work in ordinary binderies. The machine folds sheets from 40 x 54 to 1 9 x 26 inches, giving a folded page ranging from 10x13/2 to 4 3A x 6/2 inches. All desirable modern appliances. Accurate, reliable work guaranteed. Chambers Brothers Co. Fifty-second and Media Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Chicago Office 1 : : 59 West Jackson Boulevard 23 THE DUPLEX ROTARY PRESS Greatest Time and Money Saving Machine Ever Built QUADRUPLE — Length, 19^ ft.; Width ft.; Height, see the man. RECENT SALES New York, N. Y. . . Bollettino della Sera 8-page Santiago, Chile . . La Union . . 16-page Kalamazoo, Mich. . Press .... . 16-page New Brunswick, N. J. . Home News . 20-page Cedar Rapids, Iowa . Gazette . 20-page Middletown, N. Y. . . Times-Press . 20-page Toledo, Ohio . Ameryka-Lcho . 32-page Milwaukee, Wis. . News (second order) . 32-page Oklahoma City, Okla. Oklahoman . 64-page Toronto, Ont. . World . . . . 72-page DUPLEX PRINTING PRESS CO., Battle Creek, Mich. 24 There is not only pleasure for the men, but a definite, provable profit for the house, in the fact that the Reliance The Reliable Proof Press toggle joint gives plenty of pressure with a moderate pull. No need to S"Reniinc?eproofstee e^lftolylinder'andcTn be^ulledtn a fraTon Paul Shniedewend & Co. A.^w!^PENRO§E & CO." : : : -FRALondoRJ, E.cV, England TUB-SIZED LOFT-DRIED No. 630 “Lisbon Extra Strong” A high water mark in the art of papermaking. An excellent correspondence paper. Finish suitable for printing or lithography. Taking a Good Impression , It Makes a Good Impression. We are exporting large quantities of this paper, and are PARSONS TRADING COMPANY 20 Vesey Street . NEW YORK Live, Active, Wide-Awake Printers, who are abreast with the times, and aim to do high-grade printing at a profit, should buy THE GOLDING JOBBER Because — It will make money enough, by excess of product over other job presses, to pay its cost in a very short time. Because — It will earn more money at $1.00 per thousand impressions than can be earned at $1.50 per thousand on any other job press. Because — It will not annoy you with noise, slurring, bad register and other disagreeable tendencies. Because - — All that we claim as to speed, strength and quality of work, we back up with a guarantee. Send for descriptive booklet. Ask about our free trial proposition. Golding Manufacturing Co. FRANKLIN, MASSACHUSETTS Printing, Embossing and^™ Prases; Paper and Card Cutters 25 THE COTTRELL NEW SERIES TWO-REVOLUTION PRESS THE MOST PERFECTLY CONSTRUCTED PRINTING MACHINE THIS Press is famous for its Convenience for the Printer, Economy in Cost of Product, Capability and Rigidity. lb Cloister J&tratforb Ullexanbra These are three pure Book Papers made expressly for publishers’ requirements and are necessarily fitted to the small work. OLD CLOISTER is equal in quality to the best hand-made. OLD STRATFORD is next in grade and also analyzes 99 per cent pure rag fibre. ALEXANDRA is the cheapest of the three and we are proud of it both for the quality and its usefulness. All three papers have some of the same characteristics ; the “STRATHMORE QUALITY” characteristics and dis¬ tinctiveness, which, with the quality, are in part responsible for the beautiful and effective work of many presses. These papers are shown in the “STRATHMORE QUALITY” Book Papers Sample Book, itself a fine specimen of bookmaking. Mittineague Paper Company MITTINEAGUE, MASSACHUSETTS, U.S.A. The “ STRATHMORE QUALITY ” Mills 27 R. HOE & CO.’S IMPROVED Lithographic Presses These presses possess not only the well-known qualities of strength and durability which have always distinguished the HOE from other machines, but also embody the latest practical improvements in printing-press construction. 504-520 Grand Street, NEW YORK, N. Y. 7 Water St., BOSTON, MASS. 143 Dearborn St., CHICAGO 160 St. James St., MONTREAL, QUE. 8 Rue de Chateaudun, PARIS, FRANCE 109-112 Borough Road, LONDON, S.E., ENG. 28 PRESSES and CUTTERS of the Peerless make mean to the Printer the Standard of Excellence. Peerless Job Printing Press SIX SIZES OUR ILLUSTRATED BOOKLET tells an interesting story of how these machines are made, and what they will do. Ask for it. Peerless-Gem Lever Paper Cutter FOUR SIZES FOR SALE BY THE PRINCIPAL DEALERS IN THE UNITED STATES. Peerless Printing Press Co. THE CRANSTON WORKS 70 Jackson St, PALMYRA, N.Y., U. S. A. Lieber’s and A-B-C 5th Edition Codes. An Advertising Man Tells How He In¬ creased His Salary 150 Per Cent. Mr. R. T. Scott, advertising manager of Fraser’s, one of the largest dry goods houses in Brockton, Mass., is a fair representative of the type of men I turn out as graduates of my system of advertising instruction by mail. His own words will be of timely interest to those who want to take up the advertising business, and who want the best instruction: FROM $12 TO $30 A WEEK. Brockton, Mass., January 25, 1909. Mr. Geo. H. Powell, New York: Dear Sir — It is not reasonable to suppose that every one could become a successful advertising writer — but any one with a fair education, a merchandising instinct and a hundred per cent common sense may confidently expect to be able to hold such a position after a thorough study of your course of instruction — for it instills and maintains the interest so neces¬ sary to success. It will do you good to know that when I took up your course I was working for $12 a week — now I am getting $30 a week, an increase of 150 per cent. Thanking you for your after-course interest in a former student’s progress and wishing you continued success in your ambition-building business, I am, Faithfully yours, R. D. Scott. The Powell System of Instruction is not conducted on the plan of the ordinary correspondence school. It is not a “large” school, and its success — as well as the student’s success — depends on the fact that I devote myself exclusively to advertising instruction, and therefore do not depend on stock methods so common. Add to this, the fact that the Powell System has cost a good deal more than $5,000.00 to bring out, to say nothing of the expensive new additions, and it will not be hard to understand why it is in reality the “survival of the fittest.” If you want to earn from $1,500.00 to $15,000.00 a year — the latter figure in time, of course — let me mail free my beautiful Prospectus and “Net Results,” telling all about the study and giving the success stories of leading experts I have trained. George H. Powell 1208 Metropolitan Annex NEW YORK 29 Monitor Embosser NEW AND NOVEL FEATURES THAT THE BOOKBINDER CAN NOT AFFORD TO OVERLOOK . Circulars describing the many new and distinct improvements DIMENSIONS Gas Head, 13x13 inches. Bed Platen, 18 inches wide, 15 inches deep. Extreme distance between upper and lower head, 5 in. Stroke, 1% inches. Space between, uprights, 20 inches. Height, 38 inches. Width, 33 inches. Equipment includes a Sliding Pallet; one Chase 5x8 inches, with Quoins and Keys; one Platen 13x13 inches, and Gas Burner. Price, ... $ 150 MONITOR STITCHERS, PER¬ FORATORS, PUNCHES, ETC. Latham Machinery Co. 197-201 S. Canal St., CHICAGO BOSTON, 220 Devonshire St. NEW YORK, 8 Reade St. fgBISBg ■ . : •' ■ • ■ • fffiBiliii m ’ • • Especially for you No matter what your specialty; no matter how varied your work ; no matter what problems you are encountering ; the Ex¬ pansion System will handle your plates advantageously. Tell us your troubles. Do you require rigid impression ? Absolute register ? Quick interchange of plates ? Very narrow margins? Better work? The Expansion System of Printers’ Blocks will do the trick for you. Send for “Printing from Plates Perfected” and MANUFACTURED BY THE CHALLENGE MACHINERY CO., S?cAr. “H: Salesroom and Warehouse, 194-196 Fifth Avenue, CHICAGO. Retain and improv&Jhe illustrative features of hdifdone printing after the first thousand impressions, they would be in use in every considerate printing office 158 -164 HARRISON ST,. CHICAGO, ILL. The Largest Electrotype Foundry on Earth ! An Engraving Plant Equal to Any on Earth ! 407-425 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO OUR PRICES are popular. If you are a buyer of Engravings you should have our Scale of Prices , the most complete, comprehensive and consistent scale ever issued. With it on your desk, the necessity for cor¬ respondence is practically eliminated. 31 Two more Big Improvements in the only all= efficient BlocK EXPLANATION OF X-RAY CUT.-A is groove, with Registering Holes. B is a Success Self-contained Regist with a hole which works in unison with holes in grooves, when manipulated by the Pin (D). E show: " contained Register Hook, which is put in and taken from groove in any posit' ” * J - shown in cut ; it is immovable — the more pressure the tighter grip. This is a : trid quickly with the finger: SEE THOSE HOLES and that PIN ! » They enable you to REGISTER quickly and perfectly on a one-piece block, meeting every problem . encountered in printing from plates. s4 ‘ Perhaps this may help you : * Wesel s sales of Blocks in 28 years exceed $500,000. He has a longer experience in Blocks than any other man. Several blocks and register¬ ing devices have been marketed after being offered to and rejected by Wesel. Purchasers have been and are being deluded by specious “ selling points P IV esels experience is at your service to save you the cost of experiment and ineffective devices. IV esel successfully solves every problem confronting those who print from plates and sells efficiency and superior value. WESEL GROOVED REGISTER BLOCK We are now suing infringers of our patents, and buyers should be cautious. (Wesel Iron Grooved Blocks can be changed "I into REGISTER Blocks at moderate outlay ) Wesel Register Hooks (kTs.) also Excel F\A7"|TIC1 ¥71¥ lWTjV''’ Main Office and Factories, 70-80 Cranberry Street, BROOKLYN, N.Y. • It HkJJ-JIj It IE vj • NEW YORK, 10 Spruce Street; CHICAGO, 329 Dearborn Street. 32 Sheridan’s Book and Pamphlet Covering Machine Covers daily, automatically, 22,000 books or pamphlets. Always ready for work. Saves % of the cost of covering by hand. Note great saving in floor space. No brushes. No glue pots. Great saving in glue. Much cleaner and more convenient. SOME OF THE FIRMS WHO ARE USING OUR COVERING MACHINES NEW YORK Mac Frank A. Munsey . Butterick Publishing Co. Harper & Brothers .... Street & Smith . S. S. McClure Co . Cosmopolitan Magazine Trow Directory Ptg. and B. B. Co. . J. J. Little & Co . Buckley & Wood Co . Wm. Knoepke Pamphlet Binding Co. P. F. Collier & Son . . . . Charles Schweinler Press . McCall Fashion Co . William Green . Gardner Binding and Mailing Co. Williams Printing Co . Wynkoop-Hallenbeck-Crawford Co. . Hill Publishing Co . WASHINGTON, D. C. Machines U. S. Government Bindery ... 2 PHILADELPHIA, PA. Oxford Bindery . 1 The J. B. Lippincott Co. 1 George F. Lasher . 1 JERSEY CITY, N.J. Jersey City Printing Co. 1 SPRINGFIELD, MASS. Phelps Publishing Co . 2 ELGIN, ILL. David C. Cook Publishing Co. . . 2 CHICAGO, ILL. M. A. Donahue & Son 1 Journal of American Medical Association 1 ENGLAND Hazell, Watson & Viney, Ltd. . . 1 Cassell & Co., Ltd . 1 Sir George Newnes, Limited . . 1 Eyre & Spottiswoode . . . . 1 Unwin Bros . 1 Harmsworth Bros . 2 J. Burn & Co . 1 London & County Printing Works . 1 SCOTLAND Thomas Nelson & Sons FRANCE Malherbe et Cie . 1 INDIA Gulab Singh & Sons . . . . 1 Manufactured and sold exclusively by T. W. & C. B. SHERIDAN CO. NEW YORK CHICAGO LONDON 1-3 33 Four operations^ at one_ and the same_ time. consequently great saving^ of time and labor_ These machines are covered by U. S. Patents Nos. 761,496, 763,673, 768,461, 768,462, 768,463, 779,784, 783,206, 789,095, 828,665, 813,215, 846,923. Action has been commenced against Gullberg & Smith for making machines in infringe¬ ment of patent No. 761,496, covering the Detector or Caliper. Sellers and users of the infringing machines are also liable. WATCH THIS SPACE FOR A LABOR -SAVER TO BE PLACED ON MARKET BY US GEO. JUENGST & SONS CROTON FALLS, N. Y. 34 We all have seen some pretty fine sample books. But progress demands something still better; Hence, the WORONOCO BOOKS The reason why is principally in the papers and the balance in the treatment of the same. There are two books, both bound in boards and both illus¬ trated as suggestively and as practically as the best men in the business could do it. One book shows the WORONOCO Writing Papers; 1 35 specimens; and the other, the WORONOCO Book and Cover papers ; 80 specimens. We may have your name on our mailing list and, then again, we may not. If you attempt to keep up with the progress made in the paper and printing industries or want ideas in the preparation of printed matter, you need these books. You better write us. They will be ready about May 1 . We will send them free of charge only to business houses in the trade and to the advertising managers of concerns issuing printed matter in quantity. WORONOCO PAPER CO. WORONOCO, MASS., U. S. A. 35 GOOD PAPER IS THE FOUNDATION OF ALL GOOD PRINTING ILustro Contrij Uoot* Its use does not add materially to the total cost , hut very materially to the results obtained. The production of a coated paper of superfine quality at a moderate cost to the consumer has been the aim of the manufacturer, and Lustro Coated Book is the result of this endeavor and represents — First — The product of Cumberland Mills, the oldest in the business of manufacturing coated paper, with twenty-seven years’ cumulative experience. Second — The product of a mill modernly equipped, where cost is reduced to a minimum. Third — An efficient organization insuring careful atten¬ tion to the selection of body stock and coating material, to color, finish, sorting and packing. Fourth —The lowest price for the given quality. In perfecting Lustro Coated Book the manufacturers had constantly in mind the needs of the advertiser, and are now in a position to furnish a paper suitable for the most exacting requirements of half-tone printing in one or more colors. Exhibit sheets have been prepared showing the value of this paper for commer¬ cial catalogues and booklets where quality at a moderate cost is a consideration. W rite for Exhibit Sheets and Prices S. D. WARREN & COMPANY BOSTON, MASS. DISTRIBUTING AGENTS 36 oil hrui uizotto-zo idd>— zo aoau CONFIDENCE THE SECRET OF OUR SUCCESS &^/0imso^0ner (yigtivinj Q. DENVER USCOLORTYPE PHESS COLO. WE FURNISH THIS SUBJECT FOR 'NEWSPAPER INSERTS WRITE. FOR. THE. LARIAT THE BEST ENGRAVING HOUSE ORGAN PUBLISHED 37 Z ODCt - THALMANN PRINTING INK CO. BRANCHES Chicago - Omaha Kansas City Factory and Office St. Louis, Mo. THE PEERLESS PERFORATOR ' manOFACV1'jREJ ' > AO.BURtoVs S0Ni IT is distinguished for the rapidity and perfection of its work, makes a clean and thorough perforation at a high rate of speed, and is adjustable to a wide range in the thickness of the stock it will perforate. SELLING AGENTS E. C. FULLER CO . New York, N. Y. GANE BROS. & CO . Chicago, III. T.W.&C.B. SHERIDAN. . . . Chicago, III. THE J. L. MORRISON CO. . . . Toronto, Ont. T. W.&C. B. SHERIDAN . . . . London, Eng. S. KOCHANSKI . Berlin, Germany MIDDOWS BROS . Sydney, N.S.W. JOHN DICKINSON & CO., Cape Town, S. Africa Manufactured by A.G.BURTON’S SON 1S5 to 159 South Clinton Street CHICAGO, ILL., U.S.A. E. C. FULLER CO., i c . _ 28 Reade St., New York ) 50 e a' THE J. L. MORRISON CO., Sole Agents JOHN DICKINSON & CO., Agents for South Afrit tern Agents for Canada a and India 38 It Is Phenomenal THE GREATER P^TI THE SUPERIOR SPEED VrJL df3 DISTRIBUTION THE ABSOLUTE THE NOISELESS REGISTER RUN THE RIGID AND THE MONEY IMPRESSION IT EARNS That Over 30,000 Chandler & Price Presses Remember the Facts: 1— It lays the printers’ foundations for success. 2— It diminishes their costs by increasing their profits. 3 — II: is the busiest bee in the printing office, because its revolutions pay best. 4— It is the “holdfast” press. Others come and go, but the C. & P. Gordons go on forever — making impressions and making money. Lead the Way Through the Printing Field It Is in the Make! The Chandler & Price Company, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. A. THE PAY-ROLL PAYS FOR Cbr jfalcon Automatic platen JItcss Will automatically feed, print and deliver any weight of stock from onion-skin to cardboard. Feeds from the top of the pile. Speed, 3,500 per hour. Prints from flat forms. No expert required. Absolute register. Some of the Users Ashby Printing Co. Erie, Pa. Wilbert Garrison Co. New York. Braceland Bros. Philadelphia. Baker-Vawter Co. Benton Harbor. Longaker, Prentice Co. Philadelphia. Chamberlain Medicine Co. Des Moines. United Drug Co. . Boston. E. Rugg & Co. . Winnipeg. Geo. Rice & Sons, Los Angeles. Size, inside chase, 18,34" x 12 ! 2" inches. Price, $1,750, f. o. b. New York. Cfjr express jfalcon platen $ress This press with Automatic Envelope Feed and Delivery is the fastest and most economical press for printing envelopes that has yet been produced. Speed, 4,500 envelopes per hour. The Automatic Envelope Feed Attachment can be removed and the Hand-feed Board substituted in five minutes, when flat sheets can be fed at the speed of 3,000 to 3,500 per hour. Size, inside chase, 10 $4 x 7 $4 inches. Price, $800, f. o. b. New York. JR" 150 FURTHER PARTICULARS ON APPLICATION TO American jfalcon ^rtnttng ipress Co. OFFICE AND SHOWROOMS New York Life Building, 346 Broadway, New York City Factory; DOVER. N. H. 40 UsftJ by Khz ' ' » . Printers all over the World Patented In g United- States i-jaltfqrefgiir countries. Inks, Wipes end Prints at One Operation, Speed, 1,500 to 2,000 perfect impressions * per hour. Uses far less ink than any other competitive machine. Uses a 35 per cent lighter wiping paper than can be used on any The “Waite” Press will print from the mo deiir . o' t\K -ii plates equally as well as it will do ordi¬ nary relief stamping. It is unexcelled in stamping, steel-plate, photogravure and bank-note printing, requiring results from the most delicate and fine-line engraved plates. The following am a few of ike Advantages embraced m this Machines nation !» applied by » novel. vet cxtu-mely powerful Thickneaa of Die* — One fixed th i-.-h tie =•* o»* di. i; an Cin-ninl iirVi ,a at tn. .imo f>m„ « u it,,*- if ,a nM.f m)i, in tins Vrc s, 35 any this kne-s of a 5U.il die frojn Vz «1, h up to "a ir.,:!i tliM.I: may i.t. u:.e-i Tli* Speed ■ — Wo tuoltiaS' that this is a mutter solely- governed by the activity. of the operator, but, giv'en a reasonably good hand, this machine tan quite easily turn out from T,$oo to '3,000 picrreet xmpressMuS pet hour .The Operator — The M.achifre is so constructed that any intrllf- Scnt operator can lfeam to manipulate it in all its details in a levy ours. The Ink Fountain Can be removed and replaced by one contain, ing another color in. less than une mmuce. A Two-color Fountain — Tj emkle tno ca’cts of hib being' v at oi\e imptbswdn, can be supple d at an extra charge, Plain Stamping may bte done as fast a“, the operator .• in feed in the paper or cardboard, .The Construction — We Iwe taken speerd cart* ro put upon the market a machine free {rent ropiphcaUoy.s . all part.-, can b* q, ite readily' gor at, and the force being obtained bv~ pressure, and not b’i a blow, it can not be yacked in any way, thus greatly increasing .i^s Lie. Steel-plate Printing -4- A special steel -base is supplied with the 8 by 4 Press for mounting steel plates of 3-16 to £4 inch thick¬ ness, - ■ . . • ■ To Christmas and Fancy Card Manufacturers — This Machine is *»Lo recommended to the notice, ‘of. ’Christmas and 'Fancy Card Manufacturers as being a valuable adjunct to their- plant. We fetl confident" after" yen have seen th*- 'Machine any doubts you may have had as to the accuracy of our claims yvtU be dispelled once and for a’l. ip addition f® the roller $ reVoj ving' in the fountain, the trough has an automate device for keeping the ink *’ alive,” which pre¬ vents it developing a “ skin ” on the surface, it also keeps the sediment from sinking to the bottom of the, trough and rendering the ink too thin. > The Wiper is -peiidfron, and could not be improved. It Is minutely more effective than any wiper ever before knotvn, and it is due to it-, excellence tl-at the *• Wait,-’ Pres-; vul! work with a much thinner and cheaper -wiping paptr, ami wipe the thinnest layer, of ink, effecting: a. spying in ink arid wiping paper per year, against competitive prctsis, wi'i- b w.-iiM c-aively be credited. It -is .thetshape/.'and compounded movement imparted fo it while in contact with the die, wi-tth Mftxi- ilns result It ’5 entirely ;t-u- adjusting, and so simple that it can not get out u| order. , j A Throw-off is provided in a position handy to the operator, by which the impression can be stopped iusuntly, leaving the test uf the machine runt „ng The Register is perfect, as the bed is looked white the impression is being given This i.t ;m essential {--ature wH-ie several colors are bring used m -.conjunction, pr where bronze or silver wOrfe | ba|, to, go through a second rime to bo buici-hed. - Sjze of Die* — Any sire of die way be Used, up to the maximum size,,'With perfect success,'-' ff‘A . / A ' > ’< 3x2 inches, $825? 5x3 inrhe39 $K3G0, 8 ^ 4 rids?:: v> A"rj Made in three sizes Offices and Showrooms — 346 Broadway, New York Factory- DOA r’ R <1 H. CHICAGO AGENT- % A $ - * l d 'A * HUfFAI-O AfPNlS D < H. Cuamwjn , ,0sU v, - ,73b Stock Exchange Building. Og,tsc.ou & FLEroamt, Cor. EUicoti a FKH,ApEl,pi^A ag^TiS*' a , [ Boston AgEnt., R. Wj, JflARrMBi i Co . A * , . 48 ijlerttf Siit'h Street C, E, BixW > K Z. ’ - j, > l ’AGE $<11 POk PACIFIC COAST— Olid, Rica, Ja„ id E'§ AugeRs &tCet', Co Angeles, i?. .V. TSEJWB, Ib&ruet n Jn-and printer Tsth^K.Hl'&cheoi and 1 'T. m Course m Priaiittg. Printsd by \ The Henry 0. Shepard Company, ( Printers ani Binders, ' 1,80 gkenaati 'Chicago. Copyright, 1909, by The Inland Printer Company. N LrAN D DRJNTEI^ Entered as second-class matter, June 25, 1885, at the Postoffice at Chicago, Illinois, under Act of March 3, 1879. THE LEADING TRADE JOURNAL OF THE WORLD IN THE PRINTING AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES. Vol. XLIII. No. 1. APRIL, 1909. ( $3.00 per year, in advance. Terms < Foreign, $3.85 per year. ( Canada, $3.60 per year. PRINTING -TRADE PERSONALITIES. BT A. H. MCQTJ1LKIN. NO. II. — GEORGE F. NEAL. □ □ W l l V » V 0 0 HAT is it that prospers one printer more than another? is a question that recently appeared on an envelope corner. The lead of the ques¬ tion was toward the merit of a certain brand of paper, but, like most searching ques¬ tions applied for a compara¬ tively small purpose, it goes far. These Krag- Jorgenson questions that go through all sorts of padded defenses, the bulwarks of custom, and the dog¬ matism of tradition are fired sometimes by inno¬ cent people who think they have a pop-gun to do with. “ What is it that prospers one printer more than another?” may be more correctly put as “What makes one printer more prosperous than another?” The question may be simply and broadly answered, of course. A Democratic candidate who went down to defeat through too great a reliance on the exuberant promises of a vociferous constituency at the time of the Taft landslide was approached by a solemnly important and satu¬ rated sympathizer, who, taking him by the lapel and wavering slightly in the intensity of his feel¬ ings, whispered hoarsely, “ Say, Bill, how in - did you come to lose out?” The victim cogitated profoundly for a time, and answered with an air of conviction, “Why, I believe I lost out because there were too many Republican votes cast against me.” That was a searching question broadly answered. But beneath the question that we are now considering lies a very network of instruc¬ tive and informing explanations. To begin at the beginning : Some men have a purpose earlier than others. The objective mind develops earlier in some. That is to say, the sub¬ jective mentality is that occupied with the animal needs. The gradations of subjectivity are the gradations of the senses down to that point where the gratification of the moment is the object of life, which stage is pure animalism. Young peo¬ ple are filled with a mass of mental succotash of morals and theology. Bewildered and wearied with the pulp that is forced upon them, they become moral prigs or shuffle along with the crowd, stealing what pleasures they can — and demanding immunity when they are discovered, because all are in the same mire. Sometimes the youth or the girl has some straight questions forced upon them, such as “What are you and what are you for?” “What is your purpose, and why are you alive?” The direct, searching, leading questions do not come to all. There is no one to ask them. There are minds that remain sterile from youth to old age because the fructifying germ of original thought was not placed there. It is surely not because of native incapacity that some men remain at the foot of the ladder. Purpose is the key-note of growth. Success is so often con¬ founded with the making of money that success is placed in the discard by the discerning. Making money is not the test of success, though it may be one of the incidents of it — and it usually is. Suc¬ cess means growth. Growth may be unconscious, 42 THE INLAND PRINTER the subject having been given an impetus from some source unknown to himself. He acquired a purpose — a principal idea. It grew and he grew with it — and ripened with it. Sometimes the purpose is dim and ill-defined, and there is much stumbling toward the light and many falls. Let the despondent one who has heard the Voice, and yet has fallen into idleness, through hopelessness, believe, with Goldsmith, that it is no disgrace to fall if you rise after the fall. It is the lying down that ends the fight. In Ulster, Ireland, upon occasions suitable and commemorative, a flag is spread to the breeze- — the banner of The O’Neal — O’Neal of the bloody hand. The flag is commemorative of purpose. It shows on a white ground a dagger and an open hand, the story being that, as a consequence of one of the early rivalries for power among the O’Neal sept, possession of the province of Ulster was decreed to whichever one of two O’Neal brothers that could touch the land first on their return from a certain voyage. The struggle was bitter, and, as one of the boats gained on the other, Hugh O’Neal, not to be defeated, drew his dagger and, cutting off his hand, threw the severed member on the shore, claiming his victory. Which is to teach us that there are more ways of killing a cat than choking it with butter. These evidences of purpose come down to us because they were signalized in dramatic ways. The fights we make to-day are not so dramatic, for they are bloodless. Too bloodless or cold-blooded sometimes. But the animating spirit that gave the old heroes their force is still here around us. We may not recognize it, for we are always giving a mystic value to the part or a glorified realization to the future. Yesteryear is done and past and its regrets go with it. What purpose was whispered to George F. Neal as a lad in San Francisco he himself can not tell. It came to him that in his struggle with the world “ it was up to him.” He had arrived in San Francisco on March 28, 1859. Neal’s parents were residents of California since 1847. His experiences were not marked by any incidents beyond what ordinarily come to youths who go through the uniform school grind. In 1873 young Neal entered on the study of print¬ ing. Presswork is not taught. It is absorbed or gathered up surreptitiously. The less a pressman knows, the more fearful he is of telling anything to a seeker after knowledge. Neal dug after knowledge and studied the mysteries that are so deeply buried that every job is an experiment in presswork. He solved enough of these myste¬ ries so that he commanded journeyman’s wages. Ordinarily this is the time the young man says “Eureka! — I have got it — I have arrived. I am through with my travail and I have learned my trade. J’y suis, et j’y reste. Here I stick.” But Neal said that he was just getting started. He went into a job room at $8 a week and began to hump himself. His idea was to learn the print¬ ing trade. The job was but the means to an end. Why so many of us fail is because we become self¬ limited — regarding the job as the end. Truth is, we are just beginning to go to school. No man in the printing trade can say he knows it in the full¬ est meaning. There are changes going on all the time. The printer must keep his eye peeled and his ear to the ground, and get his price for these activities. Neal worked at job composition and the job improved until his gauge of usefulness set fair at journeyman’s wages. Then Neal quit the job. It was too prosperous without prospects. Presswork was grasped, job work was grasped — the next thing was to know something about paper. So a job at the paper-cutter at $12 per week was the next course of instruction. In six months he received $18 a week. Neal reasoned that if he was worth $18 at the cutter he knew enough about paper and paper-cutting for his ini¬ tiatory purposes. Neal started in business for himself Novem¬ ber 17, 1881. He was modest about it, and did not take long chances. His most valuable equip¬ ment was in his head. The progress of the busi¬ ness was a succession of moves to larger premises, until, at the time of the fire, April 18, 1906, he had a business with a weekly pay-roll of $1,400. The fire put Neal out of business for over a year, but he hung on to his chief operatives, and paid them waiting time until he could get started again. He began operations on May 17, 1907, and now has two floors, 32 by 137 feet, with fifty-one employees, five cylinders, seven jobbers, two cutters, two Linotypes, etc., and a complete bindery. His activities were not entirely confined to the print¬ ing trade. He is a married man. Has four chil¬ dren grown up and married ; he is a life member of the California Pioneers, of California Com- mandery No. 1, K. T. ; thirty-second degree Scot¬ tish Rite Mason, a Noble of the Mystic Shrine, and a member of a number of the prominent clubs of San Francisco; is a Republican, but takes his without water. A very unusual and very refreshing quality in George F. Neal is a combination of breadth and directness. He has made no monumental success financially, and his achievements do not stagger the imagination. The moral of it all is that he has — by his intimate knowledge of the printing business and his appreciation of the fact that men are willing to pay what a thing is worth if the THE INLAND PRINTER 43 thing is right — made the printing business pay. With others, he has had the inevitable conflict with labor. He waded into that with all the enthusiasm that characterized his old-world pro¬ genitors. He went into that fight, sir, as if that fight were the chief end of man. He imported, fed, bedded and boarded all the driftwood that could be drifted to set type and feed presses and put printing material generally to the bad. As general-in-chief of the active forces, “he shoul¬ dered his stick and showed how fields were won.” When the Bourbon king said, “Why, this is an insurrectio n,” he received the reply, “ Sire, it is a revolution.” When the full meaning of the movement of the united workers in the printing trades became evident to Neal, he set¬ tled his affairs just as promptly as when he moved from press to case and from case to cutter. The idea that money could be made out of printing by paying the workers less or having them work nine hours instead of eight began to burn low. Then the move was made for “ or¬ ganization along educa¬ tional lines.” That sounded funny to Neal. The stunts he had been through in the search for education in the printing trade contrasted pecul¬ iarly with the pro¬ gram for pale printers, chairman Execute who were to be spoon¬ fed. There was an oh-be- joyful meeting and all was lovely until some one asked Neal for his opinion. The speaker said: “ You’ve got to show me.” A little while after they put out the lights. And they never did any¬ thing since. Neal believes in a perfected organization — a development of a community of interest. He has developed the idea in his own plant, and the work swings along with every one ready to turn his hand to the best account. The conception that the employing printers had found no money in fight¬ ing against the requirements of those they bought goods from or of those they bought labor from came slowly. But it arrived, and then some con¬ structive organization began. There is a com¬ munity of interest between the employer, the sup¬ ply men and the union men. The printing trade is their business, and it does not require a genius to show the trend of events with such men as George F. Neal as the directing forces. QUASI-MEMBERS OF ORGANIZATIONS. Among the anomalies in life so common as to be hardly noticeable is the habit of men joining organizations and neg¬ lecting to attend meet¬ ings. To be a member of an association means participation in its affairs; anything less is not quite half member¬ ship, nor is the indiffer¬ ent one getting all the benefit that is his by right. To leave the transaction of business to the few is not fair to the officers, the organ¬ ization or the absentees. In associative effort the more complete the co¬ operation the greater the benefit to all concerned. As it is, we have much machinery of the kind, but it is not working to its full capacity owing to this indifference. The evil is rampant in both the employers’ and em¬ ployees’ organizations. A writer in the American Photoengraver, treating of the subject, shows the Printing Trades Association evil r e S U 1 1 S Of non- attendance, and, without referring to it, shows the cause of some weird union legislation. The writer assumes a union of 750 members, of whom but fifty take consistent and persistent interest in its business affairs, and then goes on to say: “A dif¬ ference arises with the employers. Assume that thirty out of the fifty are radicals ; when this ques¬ tion comes up for settlement it can be so handled by the radical thirty that the smoldering flame of trouble is fanned into a blaze. Result: a strike follows and seven hundred men are thrown out of work into idleness, and all because not enough interest was taken by the seven hundred to avoid the trouble.” THE INLAND PRINTER 45 Written for The Inland Printer. COMMUNITY OF INTERESTS IN THE PRINTING TRADES. BY H. N. KELLOGG.* SHE movement inaugurated last De¬ cember in San Francisco to secure cooperation among the various indi¬ viduals and organizations inter¬ ested in commercial printing in that city, marks a new epoch in trade and business organizations. There has never before, I believe, been a movement to organize all the elements interested in a business for the benefit of all. This proj¬ ect, which includes the Franklin Association of San Francisco, composed of a large number of commercial printers of that city, individual printers who are not members of this asso¬ ciation, the associations furnishing supplies to commercial printers and individual supply deal¬ ers not members of said associations, and the labor unions employed by commercial printers, must, it seems to me, inevitably be of benefit to all concerned. The meeting held on Decem¬ ber 28, which repre¬ sentatives of all these interests attended, cer¬ tainly indicated the desire of all who are concerned directly or in¬ directly with the success of commercial printing in San Francisco to co¬ operate heartily in the movement. Heretofore associations for the advancement of the interests of any business or trade have almost always consisted only of pro¬ prietors of establishments in that trade. The extension, therefore, of the organization to include * Henry N. Kellogg, the chairman of the special standing committee of the American Newspaper Publishers’ Association, was appointed in March, 1907, to succeed the late Col. Frederick Driscoll. Previous to his appoint¬ ment Mr. Kellogg had twenty-five years’ newspaper experience, and from June, 1901, had been business manager of the New York Tribune. Before going to the Tribune Mr. Kellogg had been connected with the Commercial Advertiser, and had served as assistant business manager of the World, pub¬ lisher of the Brooklyn Citizen and circulation manager of the New York Herald. those furnishing supplies to the trade and the labor unions connected with it, is novel, and the experiment will certainly be watched with great interest by printers, newspaper publishers and men in other lines of business throughout the country. Like all pioneers in a new field, this new movement will undoubtedly find many obstacles to overcome and snags to avoid, but, it seems to me, the result must be to the ultimate advantage of all interests involved. The American News¬ paper Publishers’ Association has been of great advantage to its members, and the field of its endeavors is constantly broadening so that the value of membership in the organization in¬ creases from year to year. Besides the na¬ tional organization there have been many local associations of news¬ paper publishers formed in various cities, which have also proved of great value to their members. In view of these facts, which are well known throughout the country, the writer believes heartily in the principle of business associations, and while, as before stated, the San Fran- cisco organization is unique, there can be no doubt that if conserva¬ tively managed it will result in placing com¬ mercial printers in that city on a firm and profit¬ able footing. Unfortunately, it al¬ most invariably happens that competitors in the same city acquire a feel¬ ing of distrust for each other, which frequently results in the conclusion that “ the other fellow ” is inclined to be tricky, if not actually dishonest, and the man who repeat¬ edly loses contracts on which he has made low esti¬ mates is sure that his competitor, who secured the work, must have an advantage of him in obtaining his supplies, or in the cost of his labor, or else that he is not doing honest work. The first result of an association of business competitors is the knowledge, which each receives of the other’s per¬ sonality, and the conviction that the “ other fel¬ low ” is not nearly as black as he has been painted, 46 THE INLAND PRINTER and that he may be after all an honest man. When this occurs, cooperation on matters of mutual interest naturally follows with beneficial results. The San Francisco project, by bringing to¬ gether not only commercial printers in competi¬ tion with each other, but the dealers in supplies and the officers of the labor unions, in one organ¬ ization, will surely be of advantage to all. Com¬ mittees composed of the different interests can surely solve the problems which arise from time to time in a manner that will promote harmony and profits. The energies which have been in the past devoted to an effort of “ getting the best of n for The Inland Printer. VOTING A PIED SLUG. ftlLLY BROWN had spent several years around the shop, proving gal¬ leys, oiling and currycombing the machines, lifting in magazines and doing other light work, when he began to have aspirations to some¬ thing higher than going aloft on the back platform every time the distributor stuck. But, although he had learned a lot of things while bumming around the machines, each other ” will, if in the future devoted to pro¬ moting mutual interests, accomplish wonders. The editor of The Inland Printer, who con¬ ceived the idea of this organization, and had suffi¬ cient tact to bring the various elements together and start the ball rolling as he did at the meeting of December 28, deserves great credit. I am sure the movement which he so successfully inaugu¬ rated in San Francisco will result in similar organizations being formed in other large cities in the near future. _ SIMPLIFIED SPELLING. Two gentlemen who are not altogether unacquainted with the location of one or more of the executive depart¬ ments in Washington, were recently discussing the “ sim- pletonized ” spelling order of the President’s, and, as both are gentlemen of legal attainments, they naturally took opposite sides on the question of the practicability of the proposed reform, in order to have a good argument. One of them attacked the whole idea as absurdly foolish. “ It is most illogical and silly,” said he, “ and the board’s list of three hundred words contains gross inconsistencies. They say spell ‘ fantasy ’ with an ‘ f,’ but not ‘ phenom¬ enon ’ nor ‘ philosophy.’ ” “ Well,” said his friend, “ I can see some reason for not spelling the latter word with an ‘ f.’ You know, most of the gentlemen on the board are doctors of philosophy, and they would very probably object to having ‘ D.F.’ placed after their names.” — Magazine of Fun. there were several minor details that were hard to cop onto from a machinist who was so stiriated that he took especial care to keep his jaw guard locked so tight that he wouldn’t answer a civil question about the machine. The ordinary machinist will tell an inquirer straight that what he wants to know is a professional secret, or else give an answer about what goes on in the digestive apparatus of the machine in such sterilized terms that the information is perfectly innocuous. When anything gets out of alignment he will take a screw-driver and fumble with half a dozen bolts, just to mystify the operator. Every machine has a worn screw, that will work loose on the slightest provocation, or a weak spring that fails to pull over occasionally, and the machinist who has worked around it for a time knows just which one it is ; but do you suppose he would tell his assistant or any one else where to look for the trouble? Not much; he would sooner be called away from his own work half a dozen times a day than tell an operator where to look for the weakness. That is why it is so hard to get next to what goes on inside the Merg., unless you go through a regular Inland Printer course, for there are a lot of things stowed away in the machine that don’t show in its steel-engraved portraits; they are just put there THE INLAND PRINTER 47 for people to exercise profanity on, and when one of those dingbats gets dyspepsia or starts buck¬ jumping trouble begins. Swearing does not do much good- and promiscuous pounding with a monkey-wrench only aggravates the trouble. You have to start in on a full course of osteopathy to treat the case rationally. Of course, there are lots of people who can’t understand why any one should pay good money to practice on a meek, captive Merg. at a school when they could get their fingers pinched by the line-delivery carriage back¬ firing on them while monkeying with the assem¬ bler before the shifter comes back, and get cussed for slipping the split bearing. But the school is the only place where the aspiring artist can get an insight into the reason for the three hundred and fifty named springs and a lot more “ not otherwise specified,” as they say in the tariff. The trainer down at the institute has got half a dozen of the balkiest machines trained so that they would follow him around the shop, if they were not spiked down, and they are so meek that they want to eat out of his hand. He can explain the anatomy of the thing so fast that it would take two stenographers to keep up with him, and at the same time tell an embryo operator how to get his mill going. He has only got to say “ giddap ! ” to the crankiest mill to make it pull like a little lamb. That is why it is a fellow can learn more in a few weeks at school than he can worry out among a lot of clams, who seem to be principally interested in keeping everything to themselves. So “ Billy ” worked out his diploma and got out just in time to catch a job on the voters’ lists that were being printed for the spring election. This, by the way, was what I started to tell about, for “ Billy ” caught on as a night operator at his old shop. Among other copy he got a take on the worst foreign precinct in the ward, the names being mostly of an unpronounceable character — almost all consonants with a flavor of garlic, x’s and z’s. Eight-point on an eight-em slug; the copy was poor and the names hard to follow, but he did the best he could with them. As the lines were so short, he found it easier to pi out a line when he blundered than to correct it in the assem¬ bler. He struck a name like Demetri Pflyghoski, and nearly smashed the keyboard getting it out; anyway, it was all balled up, so he ran down cmfwyp to fill out the line and took a second crack at it. The pi line came out longer than he figured, and, knocking out the pump-stop, cast and ran into the galley. It was getting toward morning and the proofreader, finding that he couldn’t read the copy any better than “ Billy,” even when he spelled out every name, letter by letter, gave it up in disgust, trusting the election commissioners would catch anything he missed. But they were just as tired of the job as the others, and being dynamo and devil driven to get the lists out on time, O. K.’d the proofs and returned them unread. Election day came and the contest was so close in the ward that the heelers had to get out every vote; they voted all the deaders and absentees they dared in addition to the regular repeaters who had registered and voted in each precinct at 50 cents per. Shortly before the close of the poll, one of the watchers noticed that the pi line was unchecked and a skirmish was made for some one to vote it. A big Hungarian was the only man that could be found who even dared to pronounce the name, and he was hustled to the polling-place. The judges of election had their doubts about let¬ ting him vote, as he could hardly speak a word of English, but after he had repeated the name sev¬ eral times in the same tone of voice, they were forced to the conclusion that he must be the right man or too desperate a character to be trifled with, so they let him exercise the rights and privileges of a full-fledged American citizen. Of course, figures might be quoted to show that that one vote was just what was needed to carry the election, but, as the statistics are not available, we will have to let it go at that. THE MONKEY-WRENCH CAME BACK. You have doubtless heard of the story of the cat that came back. Here is one about a monkey-wrench that returned. It is vouched for by the superintendent of a lithographing concern in New York, so it must be true. A barrel of ink was received from an ink manufac¬ turer. It was billed at 32 cents a pound. The barrel was opened, and its contents found unfit for the job for which it was intended, and was returned to the manufacturer. Before heading it up, one of the boys, in a spirit of mis¬ chief, stuck a broken monkey-wrench down into the ink, and left it there. The next day after the ink was returned to the maker a salesman came around and informed the superintendent that he had a lot of 40-cent ink that he thought was about what he wanted. It was much better than the 32-cent ink, but he would put it in at 32 cents a pound owing to the trouble experienced with the first lot. It would be ready for shipment the next day. The next day a barrel of ink was delivered and was soon opened ready for the job. With the first lot out of the barrel there came a hard substance. Investigation proved it to be the monkey-wrench. — The National Lithographer. VALUABLE ARTICLES REPRINTED IN BOOK FORM. “ Design and Color in Printing,” by F. J. Trezise, is not a vague exposition of theories regarding type-design. It is a setting forth of fundamental facts underlying design and color, each statement being supported by the reasons there¬ for. Reprinted from The Inland Printer. Fully illus¬ trated, and contains eighty-eight pages. Bound in heavy paper cover. Price, $1. For sale by The Inland Printer Company. From etching by L. 0. Griffith, Palette and Chisel Club, Chicago. THE INLAND PRINTER 49 Written for The Inland Printer. THE COMMERCIAL ARTIST— HIS USE AND MISUSE. NO. I. - BY ANNA M. DENNISTON. any age, especially one like the present, in which commerce plays so important a part, it is well for all concerned if the strongest influ¬ ences at work are in the direction of a balanced combination of the utilitarian and the ideal. In ap¬ proaching the subject of the artist and his work, whether commercial or otherwise, it is safe to concede that he exerts an influence that helps to strike this happy balance in the affairs of men ; but he can not be considered alone, for he is closely associated with his fellows, and must work with them as well as for them. In an attempt to classify, one is moved to name the seller, the buyer, and the talent employed to introduce the former’s wares to the favorable notice of the latter, or, in other words, to the general public. It would seem that the “ misuse ” as well as the use of this “ talent ” requires our attention, and only by applying thought to the matter in a serious study can we discover what this misuse is, what are its causes and what the results. We may well begin this process by looking into the nature, the occupa¬ tion and the ideals of the man who deals in art for commercial purposes, and his position as judge of both the artist and the mass of men to whom he sells. Next, an estimate should be made as closely as possible of what constitutes the “ public,” and the influences that establish a basis for judgment of their average intelligence or receptivity and appreciation. As a result of this a conclusion may be drawn as to what degree of elasticity it is safe to allow artistic expression in exploiting wares before them, and finally what degree of pressure and effort it is wise for the seller of goods to put the business man — the one who buys the artist’s work and uses it to exploit his goods. The course of his life has, in most cases, been guided by the star of “ practical business success.” He has faced the world in his youth with this in mind, and, hav¬ ing decided what branch of business to follow, has forged ahead. He has spent little time in abstrac¬ tions; he has viewed his fellow men kindly, but somewhat more individually than universally. He has classified, and defined and arranged, and the result is a well-organized business and a beautiful commercial product of definite value. His chief ideal is finally to continue the perfecting of this, and the more and more successful presentation of it, that as large a part of the world as possible may become his patron. He is a man of general interest and kindly feeling. If he happens to be young in the field he is likely to be either in an experimental attitude toward advertising meth¬ ods or to adopt the plan of copying his contempo¬ raries. The former attitude is desirable, and is one which proves advantageous to maintain, to some degree, throughout a career. If he is older in his work, however, he is sure to have much valu¬ able experience, upon which he continually draws, and an intelligent understanding upon a wide range of subjects. All this being true, he is never¬ theless inclined, as a rule, to allow himself to become encased in a mail of tradition and to form rules for himself and others that are harmful in their effects upon himself and them. He says: “ Thus we have done, so we are doing now, and so we are inclined to do in the future, because we have proved that it works. We trust to our expe¬ rience and we have found what we are satisfied to call the level to which the public can arise in appre¬ ciation of our wares. We think it is best, there¬ fore, to take no chances ; at least, to be very mod¬ erate in that regard.” Right here there is need of a statement of the Decorative suggestions by Fred S. Bertsch, Chicago. forth in his attempts to raise the present general level, keeping in mind financial success, as well as the application of more artistic ideals. First of all, let us make the acquaintance of 1-4 position which the middleman holds to the two principal classes with which he deals. He stands between the artist and the public to open, expand and promote the good of both (and meanwhile his 50 THE INLAND PRINTER own as a natural reaction) or to choke the avenues of progress for each. Now, let us ask the public to speak for itself and tell us how spontaneous and “ artistic ” a mes¬ sage it is capable of receiving and understanding ; how high or how low, how elastic or how rigid an estimate it justifies at the hand of the advertising man. In the cities even the most limited and poverty- stricken and uncultured are constantly thrown into contact with the newspaper, all kinds of pub¬ lic advertising and (obnoxious though it be gen¬ erally considered) the public billboard, as well as with various forms of ornament even in the sim- serves the advertising man and the public — the commercial artist — and get some personal knowl¬ edge of him. It may be well to leave him before we finish our remarks, lest he take exception to some of them, but the social kind of meetings is the kind that starts us off best if we would begin right to understand, not only the man, but his work and the reasons for its characteristics and tendencies. It is safe to say that no man ever sets his face toward an artistic avocation unless he is by very nature an enthusiast, a man of some unusual degree of idealism, and, more than that, with a deep faith in and an interpretive affection for his fellowmen. The boy, or indeed the girl (but we Pen-and-ink drawing by Otto E. Hake, Chicago. plest architecture. As the social level rises the people are constantly fed by these sources of edu¬ cation — broadening as they begin to seek, and at the top we find unlimited capacity for apprecia¬ tion and interpretation. In the country there is a very small percentage of abject poverty, to begin with, and as time goes by, the telephone, the inter- urban road, the rural delivery and even — in regions not far removed from active towns — the electric light have been introduced. There are num¬ berless newspapers, magazines and books scat¬ tered through the country districts, and, aside from all these, there is a large movement notice¬ able among men who have held good but limiting positions in cities to purchase farms and move to the country. So we see a great wave of expansion and dissemination of social life, and what the result will be can hardly be estimated — should not be limited. Now, let us shake hands with the man who must speak generically for the sake of ease) , who starts out to be an artist, starts because he sees a grand view ahead, and he expects to cover the whole wonderful, glowing area with touches of his own hand. Nothing is too great or too large, under the name of art, for him to believe possible even for him; but as he approaches, the beautiful gates seem to fall together, and through a mere crack he now peers. Instead of the vision, there comes a daily round to him, and a limited thing to do. His technical education he gains in many ways. He studies in the art schools and thus finds instructors to tell him how to begin systematic thinking. He labors with construction, composition, color, har¬ mony, contrast, and then, having been touched by definite ideas, he tramps along the streets and looks and looks ; he roams the woods and fields — and looks. He composes, analyzes, criticizes and admires whatever he sees and wherever he goes. THE INLAND PRINTER 51 He must do this, for does he not need to become acquainted with the world he is to picture and to picture for? He scans his fellowmen and sees in their faces, figures and manners beauty — always some beauty, and character — always a little, at least, of that. Another stage is entered when he begins to “ make a living.” It seems now as if the gate closes a little more and the vista narrows, and he begins to wonder how he can turn from the broad view and work practically, closely, literally — even, at times, blindly and obediently. He is now centered upon how best to furnish a supply to balanced things ; all because he is asked to do them by word of mouth or by force of other bias of per¬ sonal or public opinion. Nevertheless, through it all, he keeps the vision he gained through the wide portal standing open before his enthusiastic youth. He keeps a faith that the heart of man is there “ for a’ that,” and that some key will open the lock and conditions dawn that will liberate him. Let it be noted that, whatever output of his art is seen, the man who stands thus ready to turn his hand to utility is the kind of a man just presented ; therefore, one to be approached as a sort of reserve are all down on the time bookfor ' $8 a day hut one reason why some . .. receive less in their envelopes is because the cash is held back to 111 lf|ij pay someone else for looking after Mill® them, laying out the work, and holding them to their tasks. I know lots of men who pay $7 per day for supervision. The less supervision the more pay:, the more supervision the less pay—^xr ffl6ertus n of lettering and designing by Oswald Cooper and Fred S. Bertsch, Chicago. meet a demand. He temporizes with his optimism and his faith in a responsive world, but he never forsakes them, and in this loyalty is his salvation. For the sake of the commercial and because of its artistic standards, he trims off ; first, a desire to do some particular “ large ” thing and does some other “ practical ” thing. Then he trims off his desire to do that other thing ideally — better than it has ever been done before. At last he often for¬ sakes the idea of doing it beautifully at all because it is “ too artistic,” “ too much of a good thing,” “ the public can’t appreciate it,” and so on. So, then, he does “ cut-and-dried things” and ugly things; impossibly drawn things and crudely col¬ ored things; badly composed things and poorly fund which, if drawn upon, will open up, and, if rightly used, will rise to whatever expression is demanded by the needs of the matter with which he has to deal. This almost-history of the start and subsequent course of the commercial artist is given in detail to convince whoever is interested in knowing that it is safe to say that the few little scraps of paper which float about the world bear¬ ing his work and name are scarcely adequate for an estimate of him — of what he is potentially, can be practically or even will be eventually, when dif¬ ferently approached and may be better “ used.” Into an old world city, interesting though it be, where rules make men rather than men rules, the progressive spirit of the “ new world ” has gone 52 THE INLAND PRINTER and an energetic Chicago man has built the largest, the most beautiful and the best equipped store in Lon¬ don. The picture he carried with him to his task was that of Chicago with its magnificent buildings, and of New York with its still more lofty and towering structures standing, a “dim rich city,” at the eastern gate of a great country. The spirit of this country has rec¬ ognized the principles that make such building projects possible, and has been willing to trust these principles, especially as their reliability is more and more effectually demonstrated. The good old city of London knows these same things, but what shall it do with the dear old traditions of “ the fathers ? ” They are sacred and, above all, safe. To them the people cling to the extent that, when the man with the unlimited ideals and a broad knowledge asks the opportunity to apply both, he is required to modify to the point of limitation. This “ largest store,” therefore, stands but five stories above the ground. What can not go up, however, can go down, and so, below ground lie three stories more. Contrast this “largest store” with like modern business houses in Chicago and a forcible illustration is given of what can be accomplished under limiting rules and traditions, and again of what can be done where an open thought prevails and the at¬ mosphere is that of progression. If such monuments stand in stone, representing the power of fixed ideas, or the reverse, to promote or to hin¬ der public and individual good, surely it is plain that whatever enters into the structure of a business, whether in the line of production of wares or their exploitation by means of intel¬ ligent artistic representation, and the results of both in business success, the same laws govern and there will be like results. (To be continued.) HIS STATISTICS. At the Boston Immigration Station one blank was recently filled out as follows : Name — Abraham Cherkowsky. Born — -Yes. Business — ■ Rotten. — Everybody’s Maga- by Otto E. Palette and Chisel Club, Chicago. THE INLAND PRINTER 53 Written for The Inland Printer. ADVANCING THE ELECTROTYPING INDUSTRY. BY JAMES B. ROGERS. ■EN engaged in a calling requiring experience and manipulative skill are made secure of their livelihood in proportion as their skill and experience is difficult to attain. The development of a high efficiency requires many sacrifices ; many ob¬ stacles have to be overcome, and, withal, the opportunities for study and research are few and inade¬ quate in the factory routine of modern in¬ dustry. By organiza¬ tion employees protect themselves as best they may against lowering the standard of living, and seek to protect the individual worker against submitting to the demands of neces¬ sity rather than the demands of justice and equity. Out of this condition unhappily the worker’s mind has been directed almost exclusively to this force as an influence to better his condition. The conception that by pooling their interests as workers and by thus uniting to make cer- t a i n stipulations to protect themselves is good, but is also in danger of being inter¬ preted to the worker’s disadvantage by the claim that he pro¬ poses to offer inferior service for a maximum price. Modern unionism is a steady uplift to improve the service and make the competition one of quality. Electrotyping has been held back by many restrictions, and it is safe to say that the artificial division of labor in the foundry has defeated the very end sought by the legislators who have urged these cleavages in the operative departments. Machines for doing finishing work are in operation in some plants. The character of the work makes the machines desirable and the finisher is notable by his absence. Virtually, how¬ ever, the success of an electrotype foundry depends on the amount of work turned out in the best con¬ dition with as little finishing as possible. It has been the writer’s rule to have the job start right from the molder and come from the depositing tank so that the shells will be perfect, with an absolutely even deposit and no holes. The caster or backer up should be capable of backing a shell with little or no shrinks. My policy has been to have a plate go to the finisher so he will have very little work in straightening. It is a loss to the employer to have a finisher spend half an hour or more straightening a plate. Invariably it is so battered it makes a bad plate, having bruised letters (which have to be replaced by new ones) or holes in the shells, making a finished plate look scarred up as though it had been in a cy¬ clone. On half-tones I will not permit a hammer or hurdy-gurdy to be used, and limit rubbing with a rubber to the minimum. A half-tone that has “ a shrink ” has to be punched up, thereby ruining the screen by making it print heavy, spoiling all the high lights. In order to produce a perfect plate, I would advise care in every part of the work done in the foundry. There is no excuse to offer for defective work, as we have, by improve¬ ment in methods, arrived at the top of perfection. The writer came to the Pacific coast nearly three years ago and was surprised at the small quantity of electrotypes used by printers. The general run of printers considered it impossible to make good plates from original half-tones, but I had no difficulty in producing electros from 150- line half-tones that printed as well as the origi¬ nals. The colorwork and half-tones in the Sunset Magazine, Road of a Thousand Wonders and the Overland Trail — the last two in four colors — are from electrotyped plates made in the foundry of the Calkins Publishing House. JAMES B. ROGERS, Superintendent electrotyping department, Calkins Publishing House, San Francisco. 54 THE INLAND PRINTER This now well-known California house is at the corner of Battery and Commercial streets, San Francisco, California. It occupies a six-story modern structure and annex, specially erected for the firm’s business, which uses a floor space of one hundred thousand square feet. Besides the immense volume of commercial work done in the establishment, the force prints, binds and mails binding, mailing, are of course accomplished by the most modern processes, the departments being- under the supervision of the most efficient men in their respective lines that can be found. Keeping abreast of the times — frequently a little ahead — in ideas and the economical production of high- grade printing and illustrations are some of the essential features which combine to produce the ELECTROTYPING DEPARTMENT, CALKINS PUBLISHING HOUSE, SAN FRANCISCO. the following publications of the Calkins News¬ paper Syndicate: Pandex of the Press, Orchard and Farm, Pacific Miner, Wholesalers’ and Retail¬ ers’ Review, Pythian Chronicle, Trade Journal and the Commercial Travelers’ Bulletin. These publications are also produced by the house for their respective publishers : Sunset Magazine, the largest monthly on the Pacific coast; Western Hotel Reporter, Pacific Coast Merchant, Our Navy and Emanu-El. This roster gives some idea of the capacity of the plant. Any size maga¬ zine, catalogue or piece of printing from its incep¬ tion to the finished product is done under this roof. The designing, engraving, electrotyping, printing, “ quality ” grade of work that has caused the rapid and substantial growth of the Calkins Publishing House during the last few years. The writer believes there is a big field for elec¬ trotyping on the Pacific coast, but the printers must be educated to a proper appreciation of the benefit they will derive from its use. Compared with the East, the cost of making electrotypes is about fifteen per cent greater, owing to the fact that we have to pay a heavy freight on supplies such as copper anodes and ozokerite. Iron filings, tinfoil and all other supplies can be bought from local establishments, but at a higher price than in the East. THE INLAND PRINTER 55 COLOR REGISTER. BHE commercial printer is frequently called on to do a job of colorwork in two or more colors, and wishes to work two or more plates in a form. From the experience and observation of the writer, there are few pressmen in the so-called “ black offices ” who know how to make up such a form. It is for these that the fol¬ lowing method is suggested, as it will doubtless be of service to them : Method of making up form for two or more colors In locking up the first color there should be at least a pica between the plates, to provide for any variation in blocking, as there is sure to be some variation unless the plates are blocked to points, in which case the form should be made up accord¬ ing to the size of the finished job, the plates being blocked to allow at least six points between them, placed in the center of each end, and near each corner on the sides, the length of spacing to be about thirty-six points. Lock up the form and try the spaces, making sure that they are all tight. Mark the quoins so that you can get the same lock-up again. By splitting up the spacing into two-point leads, one point and one-half point brass spaces, the plate can be moved easily in any direction, as your proof indicates, by taking out spaces from one side and putting in on the other. Care should be taken to have the same number of points in the form when you are through moving, and the marks on your quoins should line up as before, your spacing be tight, etc. The same procedure will apply to the remain¬ ing colors or embossing dies. COLLECTING PRINTERS’ PROOFS. In an interesting article by Mr. J. H. Yoxall, M.P., in London Opinion, he quotes the following incident as being related by David Christie Murray: “ My name-father, David Christie, was chief reader at Clowes’ printing-office, and, month by month as the proofs of ‘ Our Mutual Friend ’ were printed, it was his habit to borrow the Dickens manu¬ script and take it home with him for his own delectation before it reached the hands of the compositors. In his time Christie had been reader’s boy at Ballantyne’s, in Edinburgh, and in that capacity he had laid hands with a jackdaw’s assiduity on every scrap of literary interest which he could secure. He had proof-sheets corrected by the hands of every notable man of his time. He had been engaged for at least fifty years in making his collection, and he kept it all loosely tumbled together in a big chest, which, he used to tell me, would become my property on the occasion' of his death. Among other treasures, I remember the first uncorrected proofs of ‘ Marmion,’ and a manu¬ script copy of a play by Sheridan Knowles. When Christie died I was in Ireland, and, on my return to London, I found that the whole had been sold to a butterman, as waste paper, at a farthing a pound.” I wonder if any sheets in that collection missed the grease and the crum¬ pling of the purpose for which the butterman bought them? But, worse is to come. “ There was one literary relic, however, of inestimable value; it consisted of an unpub¬ lished chapter in * Our Mutual Friend,’ in which the Golden Dustman was killed by Silas Wegg. Dickens excised this chapter, had the type broken up, and all the proofs, with the exception of this unique survival, were destroyed.” And that, too, went to the butter-shop. “ Inestimable value,” indeed! Collectors would offer £2,000 for that chapter to-day. No wonder that David Christie Murray went on, “ I am not ashamed to confess that when I got back to London and learned what had befallen my old friend’s collection, I had a bitter cry over it, which lasted me a good two hours.” HELPS FOR ELECTROTYPERS. The second edition of “ Electrotyping,” by C. S. Par¬ tridge, is now ready. Over two hundred pages of vital information for everybody interested in this subject. Fully illustrated. Sent by The Inland Printer Company for $2. PRESSROOM TROUBLES SOLVED. “ Modern Presswork,” by Fred W. Gage, the latest and most complete information on the subject, will solve the troubles of the pressroom. Twenty-six chapters of vitally interesting text. To be had of The Inland Printer Com¬ pany for $2. THE INLAND PRINTER 57 I B PRJNTE 1U S A. H. McQuilkin, Editor. Published monthly by THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY EDITORIAL NOTES. THE owner of a small plant who has a “ show window ” usually allows it to be distinguished as the least attractive on the street. This is a mis¬ take; a printer’s window, no less than that of a storekeeper, is taken as an indication of the qual¬ ity of his wares. An artistically arranged show¬ case or display creates a favorable impression in the minds of passersby, which is the first step in the making of a customer. Vol. XLIII. APRIL, 1909. No. 1. “■ “• — -•* r"po”lb,e In publicity-promoting circles there is a dis¬ cussion as to whether a million dollars could make a dent in the business of a certain well-known soap. There have been costly attacks on the citadel, which have been flat failures, and though the exact amount expended has not been made public, it was no small sum. That such a question should arise among experts is a substantial tribute to the value of judicious advertising and good articles. The rising tide of interest in craft affairs is demonstrated when two busy Bostonians like A. W. Finlay and H. A. Brown travel to Montreal for the purpose of shedding light on printing costs. That they journey so far, demonstrates the evangels are imbued with enthusiasm born of a knowledge that they have a message of worth and helpfulness. Such displays of earnestness must of necessity impress those for whom the message is intended, and, as is mete, the missionaries have large and intensely interested audiences. Organization among employers is a subject that is attracting attention in an ever-widening sphere. In our cost and method department for February we reprinted portions of a significant speech by President Berry, of the International Pressmen’s Union, in which he was reported to have made an appeal to employees to “ cooperate with employers in building up the industry.” In this issue we reproduce an editorial from the Typo¬ graphical Journal, “ official paper of the Inter¬ national Typographical Union.” The article is a dispassionate review of the situation, as befits the Journal , the spokesman of employees who have a vital interest in seeing the financial status of the trade improved. Naturally, emphasis is placed on what the unions have accomplished, to which pos¬ sibly some of our readers may take exception. The Journal has a new editor — Mr. Hays — who has until recently been one of the field men for the union, and in that capacity had exceptional oppor¬ tunities of studying the commercial printing situa¬ tion. In his opinion the remedy is found in a much broader form of organization than has prevailed 58 THE INLAND PRINTER heretofore. Mr. Hays seems to think the situa¬ tion calls for heroic measures, and so counsels a combination of all parties in interest. The piece¬ meal organizations have not achieved their main ostensible purpose, while organizations on a more liberal basis show promise of results, in the Jour¬ nal’s opinion. We commend a perusal of the arti¬ cle to those who are at all concerned about the welfare of the trade. The large and expansive ideas of Kaiser Wilhelm have a reflection in the shape of an enor¬ mous public debt. German statesmen, in exer¬ cising their ingenuity to find taxable commodities, purpose to place imposts on advertisements, and in accordance with German methods it is intended to do this thoroughly, for no publicity announce¬ ment shall escape, whether it be a flaming three- sheet poster or a humble theater ticket, unless it be the advertisement of some out-of-work seeking a situation. The financiers have calculated to a nicety the revenue that will roll in from each class of advertising, but are silent as to the effect of this taxation on trade. Though advertising is not indulged in by Germans to the extent that it is by American or British merchants, yet it has played no small part in building up commercial Germany, and observers are marveling at the threat to give it a black eye. _ The new woman is manifesting herself in a way that is pleasing to the “ country editor.” It is not unusual to hear of ladies of the younger set in “ society circles ” of Cohoconk, or some other such place, forming an organization so as to most effectively declare that they will not wed one who drinks, smokes or chews. A score or so of beauti¬ ful maidens of a Hoosier community have added a positive virtue to the usual list of negative quali¬ ties required of otherwise eligible parties. They demand that swains who wish to meet them at the altar must read the home paper. While man’s ordinary vices are considered great evils, these ladies assert that failure to take the paper is evi¬ dence of want of intelligence, as well as being indicative of stinginess and indifference to the need for educational facilities. We wish the new society well in its capacity as a circulation agent ; as to its other purposes — well, we are printers. In the stress to make ends meet or reach the goal of our ambition, we are prone to overlook the rights and comforts of others or forget our duty to society. With the best of intentions we uncon¬ sciously are responsible for injustices, sometimes immediately and sometimes remotely chargeable to us. It is well for ourselves and for the world that our attention be called to such lapses from social duty, even if the tone of the monitor be harsh and his words severe. President Taft, in an address at Philadelphia, maintained his reputa¬ tion for breadth and fair-mindedness when he said : “ The mercantile spirit, the effect of luxu¬ rious living, the greed of financial power, the inertia produced by present comfort, all have a tendency to blind us to the abuses and evils that creep into our business, governmental and social life, and it needs some great, strong, courageous spirit to paint, not in too delicate color and with no fear of hurting the people’s feelings, the truth, and to stir up the people to demand in tones that can not be denied a reform of the abuses.” It will be noticed that Mr. Taft does not seek to justify or excuse the censor or agitator, but boldly says that we need him as a moral and social corrector. The so-called country printer who makes wry faces at the sight of work leaving his bailiwick for a larger place, should look to himself more and denounce his “ natural customer ” less. He for¬ gets that the improvement in display typography as manifested in newspaper and magazine adver¬ tising departments has educated the public taste to a better appreciation of quality in the printed page. If our disgruntled friend but looks into the matter deeply he will be surprised to find that he lost many jobs, not on account of price, but because the quality of his product was not pleasing. It may be some customers will say the local price was not as satisfactory as that given by the suc¬ cessful bidder. That may or may not be true ; it is the kindest and most considerate way of explain¬ ing the situation, for, in the intimate relations and intense local patriotism that obtain in small places, it is outre to cast reflections on the quality of a fellow-citizen’s product. If the printer will but persist he will find that unsatisfactory and imperfect work has been his undoing. This appe¬ tite for quality in printing is an unmixed good ; it is even of benefit to those whom it temporarily embarrasses. Their troubles are seated in the fact that they have not kept pace with the artistic growth of their public. If all clamored for the very highest grade of typography it would indeed be a blue outlook for many offices. At present that is not what is demanded. The public is content with neat, clean work. This is possible with a small outfit of carefully selected letters, fair stock, and decent ink. A study of the typography in every¬ day use shows that we are getting away from the regime of a multitude of faces, and the most sat¬ isfying results are secured with few faces prop¬ erly arranged and massed. The principles which underly correct composition are now taught scien- THE INLAND PRINTER 59 tifically, and the country printer need not despair. If he wants to retain his home work through merit, he should read up on these modern methods, so that he may direct the production of good work; fail¬ ing that, he should induce his employees to do so. With the aid of scientific instruction, country printers will be surprised at the effects that can be obtained with a limited variety of faces. There are few offices but are able to turn out creditable work if the material is used to the best advantage. The legal controversy between the pressmen’s union and the United Typothetse has been decided in favor of the union. This is probably a surprise to all those concerned. When Judge Thompson handed down his decision refusing to make the injunction permanent, we dissented from the line of reasoning followed. Not, of course, because it may not have been good law ; but it was apparent that if business had to be transacted in accordance with such rulings there would be chaos in the industrial world. For the most part jurists and attorneys are unpractical men, more concerned — in the courtroom at least — with technicalities than with vital aspects of the question. Therefore, wise men avoid courts. The Typothetse judged by the constant drift of court decisions against labor organizations, and felt safe in invoking judicial protection. The unexpected happened, and it found itself the victim of unpractical modes of thought that had heretofore been used with so much effect against the unions. The courts have but slight influence on events in the industrial field, as it is difficult for the ordinary lawyer, immersed in his books and worshiping precedents, to comprehend the giant forces that are cease¬ lessly working, which care naught for technicali¬ ties and joyfully laugh precedent to scorn. The national board of arbitration in the newspaper side of the craft has refused to allow attorneys to appear before it. The reason given was that experience with attorneys demonstrated they obscured the merits of the contention with incon¬ sequential quibbles. Notwithstanding contrary opinion in high quarters, we do not believe indus¬ trialists will receive much valuable help from the courts in solving the problems that press for solu¬ tion. _ _ Almost every magazine contains an article dealing more or less remotely with some phase of the labor question. We are enlightened about profit-sharing systems and welfare work day by day, but few are the comments on voluntary cooperation. This is because American working¬ men have not paid attention to that method of self-uplift. Why this is so is an enigma, for in its swaddling-clothes days the modern trade union’s expressed aspiration was an industrial system in which employer and employee should be coordi¬ nated in the same person. This idea was des¬ canted on by working-class leaders and papers down to the later eighties, when it dropped out of sight. Now no publicist advocates it, and the one¬ time cooperators regretfully admit that their efforts were failures. Department stores and the wholesale introduction of machinery in produc¬ tive enterprises have had much to do with the retirement of this feature — probably more than the incapacity of American workingmen to con¬ duct business successfully, though that is the reason popularly assigned. Cooperative organiza¬ tions continue to flourish in the printing industry of Great Britain. Official reports tell us that these printing-trade societies employed 2,213 persons, whose earnings were £118,547 for the year. This is interesting, but it would be more valuable to know if their method of settling the labor prob¬ lem is growing in favor, or is at a standstill. It is not sufficient to be told that these societies are doing more business than they were a year or a decade ago ; the true test is whether the increase, if any, has been in keeping with the proportional expansion of the whole volume of trade. Though tangible proof has not come under our eye, we have formed the opinion that productive coopera¬ tion is not relatively holding its own, even in the land of its greatest apostles and highest develop¬ ment. _ The agitation against billboards and dodgers has some reason for being, it must be admitted. These forms of advertising have immense value, however, and a rational regulation of the abuses that have crept in is desirable, but there is no justification for their prohibition, as in Germany. With our lax civic methods, the outcry against unsightly hoardings and circulars on the streets is somewhat amusing, especially when we see it in a newspaper that is defending a municipal admin¬ istration for not removing the vilest kind of filth from the roadways. The commercial printer is interested in this agitation, and if he protests against the hue and cry raised he will be accused of narrowness and want of public spirit, the stock retort of the press. These are the days in which business practices and methods bow to the public weal. But we should be sure the public is served by the elimination of this class of advertising. Billboards reach many whose eyes can not be attracted otherwise, and their liberal use by large advertisers of national scope show they are valu¬ able as supplementing large expenditures in maga¬ zines and daily papers. As was demonstrated 60 THE INLAND PRINTER recently by the Ben Franklin Club of Chicago, to place circulars under a ban would deprive many merchants of the only feasible means they have of reaching their clientele. A policy that limits their opportunities can not be designated as being wholly inspired by a regard for the common wel¬ fare. Nor is it; the newspapers and magazines are prompted by selfish interests in this particu¬ lar “ uplifting ” movement. This charge is usu¬ ally either ignored or denied by those concerned, but our good Canadian friend, the Printer and Publisher, instead of equivocating, appeals to the newspaper world to look after its own interests. It concludes an article headed “ Eliminate Bill¬ board Advertising ” with this candid confession : “ The newspapers, who are the real losers by this form of publicity, should agitate against what might be more definitely known as landscape advertising, if for nothing else than to get back advertisements which have been diverted from their legitimate channels. Self-interest primarily and the interests of sightseers and traveling peo¬ ple should impel them to this move.” There is no doubt our contemporary has exposed the vital spot in anti-billboard and circular campaigns, and there is no reason why commercial printers should hesi¬ tate to protect their interests, for in doing so within bounds they can occupy as high ground as those making the attacks. In a review of the first twenty-four weeks of the operation of the International Typographical Union’s old-age pension law, the Typographical Journal presents some interesting facts. In this period of two weeks short of six months 504 mem¬ bers received pensions, though 521 applications were approved, forty-four were disapproved and one was withdrawn. The local unions which have pensioner members embrace about two-thirds of the total membership of the international, and the pensioners constitute slightly more than one and one-half per cent of the members of the local unions with which they are connected. The aver¬ age age of applicants for pension is given as 68.5 years ; 59.3 per cent are between sixty and seventy years, 35.6 per cent are septuagenarians, and 4.7 per cent octogenarians, while there is a lone nona¬ genarian. The one woman on the roll hails from New England, is sixty-two years of age and has been a union member for thirty-two consecutive years. These and other figures are not given by the officers for the purpose of furnishing interest¬ ing reading, but is incidental to an effort to inform the members concerning the financial conditions of the pension fund, so that they may reach an intelligent conclusion as to the best disposition to make of the surplus. As every lover of his kind will be pleased to know, the union made too liberal provision for its old members. Speaking in round numbers, the receipts on this account are $16,000 a month, while the expenditures for the same period so far total about $7,000. This left a bal¬ ance in the fund on February 20 of $126,000. The source of revenue is a tax of one-half of one per cent on the earnings of union printers, and one of the questions to be decided by them is what shall be done with this steadily mounting surplus, as it is not in keeping with the past policy of this organ¬ ization to have an enormously large fund on hand — the present total balance being less than a quar¬ ter of a million dollars — the decision on this point may mark a new departure in methods. They may decide to so modify the rules governing eligi¬ bility for pension so as to embrace all deficients, and provide that the overplus be used for offensive and defensive purposes. It is also possible that the avenue for outlay will not be widened mate¬ rially, and the surplus devoted to the establish¬ ment of a fund of a million dollars or so for mili¬ tant purposes, which would meet the approval of those members who believe in wielding the big stick, as well as peace-lovers who see wisdom in the trade-union aphorism, “A large defense fund is the best preventive of trouble.” In printing- trade organizations a plethora of funds is a rarity, and how the happy-go-lucky, generous-hearted compositors will deal with the problem can not fail to be of interest from the standpoint of the mere looker-on as well as that of the sociologist. The uses of an organization are limitless. In Chicago recently it acted as an X-ray on the meth¬ ods of a buyer of printing. After bidding on a job a member received the following note : “ Refer¬ ring to your quotation on catalogues, we notice that your quotation is a little high and, as we will be unable to place the contract before noon on Saturday, we thought you might appreciate the opportunity to run over your figure again and see if you could see wherein you might have over¬ estimated the cost of some of the work and pos¬ sibly submit another figure on the job that might run lower than your former quotation. Please ’phone your reply to this letter, so that we will be sure to have it before noon on Saturday.” Men¬ tioning the incident at a quasi-social gathering of the association, it was discovered several com¬ petitors had received similar missives. The moral is obvious ; the next time that customer works the game he will have to use his inventive faculties, for a moldy form-letter and a simpering type¬ writer may not prove a sufficiently powerful com¬ bination to wheedle the printer out of his just dues. THE INLAND PRINTER 61 Written for The Inland Printer. EVOLUTION IN LANGUAGE. SOMETHING like a tour de force is involved in fitting such a subject as the use of capital letters under the heading “ Evolution in Language,” as the forms of letters are not inherent items or constituents of language. But our title is used in a spirit of comprehensive freedom that contemplates much that the letter strictly excludes. While letter-forms are not language- elements, they are the means of expressing lan¬ guage, and as such come within our purview with no need of apology. Evolution is as active in mat¬ ters of form as in those of sense. We have little to learn from history that will guide us in the use of capitals. Nearly all it has for us is the one fact that no system has ever been universally accepted, though long ago, for a short time, such a practice was almost universal that while it lasted everybody was comfortable in con¬ formity to it. But it was not a systematic prac¬ tice, except in one respect. Nearly every noun was capitalized, and the few that were not were by no means settled ; apparently the only semblance of rule that was in vogue consisted in allowing every one to suit himself, and to be logical or not, as he chose. At that time no one troubled himself or others with formal criticism. And even now it is unfashionable to be very critical in such mat¬ ters. In fact, it is so decidedly unusual for any¬ thing to appear in print about capitals, anywhere except in grammar text-books, that the writer was almost startled by an editorial article recently pub¬ lished in a New York morning paper under the heading “ Capital Letters.” The article shows how some fallacies have taken root, and says things that make it almost worth while to quote it entire. Here is some of it : “ The Saturday Review of last week uttered a warning about the. insidious influence of capitals on the popular mind in political, social, and intel¬ lectual matters. It instances the effect of spelling empire with an E. The warning might be called somewhat belated, seeing that the steady diminu¬ tion in the use of capitals during the last hundred years has been partly due to the recognition of this fact by science and democracy. On the other hand, it may be called timely* seeing that the less frequently capitals are used the greater, of course, is their potency. What suggestive influence could they exercise in the eighteenth century, when they were attached to all nouns alike, as they still are in Germany? . . . Large letters were introduced among the small before punctuation was invented, to mark the beginning of sentences . Then was discovered the emphasizing and honorific use of capitals. Thenceforward their functions were manifold, reducible to no single code, and capitals were, as a French writer has said, the ‘ despair of printers.’ . . . Altogether it is an amusing, Shandean sort of subject, and most amusing of all are those logical cheeseparers who, overlooking the fact that capitalization has become largely a question of taste, would establish some hard and fast law in the matter . The use of them [capitals] is not to be absolutely regulated, and each publisher must establish a code for him¬ self. Those who have taste will go right; those who have not will err.” This indicates a number of questions that might lead to interesting knowledge through research in finding answers for them ; but some of them have no absolutely practical bearing, and so are not worthy of consideration for our purpose. In the first place, is it true that capitals have any insidious influence? Such assertion is at least open to question, and we may doubt whether spell¬ ing empire with a capital E ever had any effect more than the crea- 1 tion of a momentary hitch in a . reader’s mind as to its propriety. It seems likely that nearly every- -o° | H < * w i M 4j .MS H Ui Z cQ £ l S. .|ss.% IlissSS i <® m a s“ ~ Hjiist 1 1 * ® # llilsl! 1 i ' PlQDBB 7. THE INLAND PRINTER 65 reflection and it should also have guides similar to those on the camera, so that it may be slidden along the trestle to and from the camera, in order to obtain any reduction or enlargement required. When exposures are being made, a black cloth should be placed over the camera and the trans¬ parency box, to prevent the entrance of light at the sides; it is also desirable that the camera should be provided with vignetting apparatus for both black and white effects. DARKROOM FITTINGS. As regards the darkroom, there is nothing of especial note, except that, as it is to be used for both wet and dry plate work, the chemicals must be kept carefully separated. It is a good plan to keep the respective sets on individual shelves in bottles of different colors, so that they may be sorted into their places without trouble. It is best to use a flat bath for the silver, as it can be more readily kept in condition. As there will not be a heavy drain on it, the small amount of solu¬ tion will not become surcharged with spirit. When the bath is not in use, keep it covered. The best kind of cover for this purpose is made by having a wooden frame somewhat deeper than the bath, so that when it rests on the bench the top edge will be some half inch above the top of the bath. Cover this with a double thickness of twilled calico lining which will keep out the dust and at the same time allow the spirit to pass away. Every night pass the solution through a filter into a stock bottle, and frequently sun it to throw down any matter which may be held in suspension. Do not use too strong a bath, as dense negatives are not called for, but keep it as free as possible from pinholes and specks. For the same reason, do not have the collodion too highly iodized. If the iodizer is supplied separately, put about two- thirds of it in the collodion. This will tend to pro¬ duce less dense work, while still retaining all detail; also, when making up the iron developer, do not put the full amount of acetic acid in it. ETCHING AND WORKING ROOM FITTINGS. The apparatus called for in the etching and working room requires careful selection. Have proper racks for negatives and transparencies in all places where they will be used when work in connection with them is being executed, and when they are done with, store them away, by number, so that they may be easily traced. For cutting up the tissue, use a sheet of process zinc and a steel ruler. A small leather-cutting knife is the best tool for cutting. Have pieces of plate-glass of different sizes on which to dry the tissue and keep the sensitizing solution in a wide-necked bottle; 1-5 the smaller pieces of tissue may be sensitized in a porcelain dish, but the larger sizes will need a zinc tray. This tray will also be used when laying down the printed tissue onto the copper. For cutting up the copper a treadle squaring shear, such as is used by zinc etchers, is best, or a treadle saw bench may be used, fitted with saw suitable for cutting metal. It is also possible to do the work with a diamond-pointed chisel and hammer, having the sheet of copper on a flat bench with a good stop against which to rest the sheet while in operation. To cut copper by this method, a grooved cut is made across the sheet with the hammer and chisel. It may then be read¬ ily broken along the line of the groove. The shear, however, is best for this purpose and it does the subsequent trimming so well that it is a very good investment. (To be continued.) ECLIPSE OF AN OLD FRIEND. The Scottish Typographical Circular has ceased to exist, its place being taken by the Scottish Typographical Journal. For fifty years the Circular had an honored place in typographical journalism. The organ of and pub¬ lished by the Edinburgh branch of what we would call the Scottish union, its attitude has been reasonable and its tone dignified. This was especially true while it was under the editorial management of M. S. Williamson, a self-educated savant, who, orphaned, left school at the age of ten, yet is recognized in scholarly Edinburgh as a student in archeol¬ ogy, architectural history, historic decoration and art. A friend of technical education, he has lectured on art as applied to printing, holds the government art teacher’s certificate, and was at one time art teacher in a training college. For ten years — three of which as president — he served the cause of education through the Edinburgh Typo¬ graphy. In his desire for well-rounded development, he became a skilful amateur gardener, a good photographer, has a penchant for versification and has kept a close eye on the politics of his native land, being among the pioneers — if not the first person — to advocate the revision of the patent laws which are now causing so much concern. He has also been an advocate of amendments to the copyright laws, which are said to be within reasonable distance of adoption. The Scottish Typographical Association wanted to have a paper all its own, and so the Circular was handed over to it. The new publication is called the Scottish Typo¬ graphical Journal and is as to form and matter much like the Circular. Assisted by an advisory committee, W. A. Buchner has editorial charge. His first issue contains a sketch of his predecessor, from which is gleaned the infor¬ mation given here. The wider field of the publication makes it more than ever a welcome visitor to expatriated Scots who are still interested and want to keep acquainted with the “ land of the leal.” HELPS TO HOLD CUSTOMERS. Bill-head designs in colors, and with tint-black effects, are features of “ Specimens of Bill-heads No. 2.” An attractive booklet with cover in two colors. Sent for a quarter by The Inland Printer Company. THE INLAND PRINTER iNAMELED paper is made by coating ' ordinary print-paper with a mix- 1 ture of clay and glue so as to fill the porous surface of the fabric and | give it a smooth, finished effect. The body-paper or raw stock comes to the coating mill before it is calen¬ dered in rolls of four, five, six or eight hundred pounds, numerous mills in this country confining their work to the process of coating the raw stock, which is purchased from various sources, while other manufacturers make their own paper and coat it themselves. Enameled stock is used very largely for books and fine job-printing. Good impressions of half¬ tone engravings and photogravures can be made on this paper, as the surface permits the repro¬ duction of the most delicate lines. Indeed, the development of the different engraving processes is largely responsible for the degree of perfection to which the manufacture of enameled paper has been brought. So much attention has been given to the production of this paper that the process has been made simple and rapid. In the early days of the industry the clay solution was mixed without much regard to the kind or degree of fineness of the clay. It was applied with a brush to one side of the raw stock, which was then dried, and the operation repeated on the other side of the paper, if desired. Coated papers for printing fine wood- cuts or half-tone engravings were first used in the United States when the system of printing with hard- packed cylinders on the printing- press came into general use, and they have made possible a marked im¬ provement in the printing art. The clay used for enameling varies a great deal in nature as well as degree of fineness to which it has been reduced. The variety now largely in use is pure white China clay, or kaolin, which comes from the vicinity of Cornwall, in England. The room in which the clay solution is prepared contains an apparently disordered heap of pails, barrels, dippers, scales and other utensils. On account of the mixing and splashing of clay and hot water, the operatives are dressed in overalls and flannel shirts, the arms being bare to the shoulder. Pure spring water is used, and the consistency of the mixture varies according to the weight of the stock and of the finished paper, the most expensive paper being that which is most heavily coated. The rolls are conveyed on trucks from the paper-machine to the coating-room, where they are fed in a continuous web to the vat containing the clay mixture. The modern coating machine con¬ sists essentially of four parts, which are illustrated in the engraving herewith: The vat containing the enamel solution which is being filled from the barrel standing at the rear of the machine; the rollers which regulate the distribution of the coat¬ ing substance on the paper; the upper and lower sets of brushes, the upper one prominently shown in front of the vat keeping the coating even, and the automatic carrier which conveys the coated paper to the drying-room. The operation of coating is very simple. The roll of paper is placed in front of the vat contain¬ ing the solution, and the end secured. The web passes through the mixture steadily by the aid of a wooden roller suspended in the vat, and by which the paper is immersed uniformly. After passing through the liquid, the web reaches two rollers arranged one above the other, by the united action of which all excess of the coating is removed and the proper quantity regulated. When it reaches Mixing-room, where the enamel solution for coating paper is prepared. the brushes, which are composed of three grades of fine hair, ranging from the finest to the coarsest, the lumps or any undissolved particles in the mix¬ ture are removed, and an even fineness prevails. When the web reaches the extreme end of the coat- THE INLAND PRINTER 67 ing machine, it is taken up by automatic carriers consisting of numerous wooden bars supported on moving racks which are themselves supported on endless chains moving slowly forward on either while two hundred and fifty pounds of cardboard stock will use about twenty gallons. If color is desired in the enamel, it is incorporated in the solution while being mixed. Coating machine, where the paper is automatically covered with an coating of enamel solution. side of the machine, just clearing the margin of the coated web. As the paper moves forward and is taken up by one of these bars, the fabric falls in long loops. These great festoons of paper follow upon the carriers at regular intervals, and pass down the avenues of the drying-room, which is kept at a temperature of 130° F. The festoons are sufficiently far apart to prevent contact, and the enamel is therefore not marred. As the first big loop of paper reaches the end of the drying-room, the web is fastened to a roller and rewound. If the paper is to be enameled on both sides, the roll must be carried back and the operation repeated. Some grades of enameled paper re¬ quire what is termed a “ double coat,” in which both sides must be coated and recoated. This necessitates the paper passing through the enamel solution four times. A patented ma¬ chine has been in use which coats both sides of the paper at once, but the papermakers say that it has not been found suitable for the best grade of enamel work, and is used for the cheaper kind only. Five hundred pounds or twenty reams of book-paper will consume forty-five gallons of coating solution, FINISHING COATED PAPER. The best grade of coated paper, in which a very fine, smooth surface is wanted, is coated with a solution of clay, glue and resin, after which it is calendered by passing the web through alternate steel and paper rollers revolving at a high rate of speed, the beautiful polish character¬ istic of this kind of paper being effected by a nice adjustment of the rollers. The highest gloss is given by placing the rollers close together, thus increasing the pressure. It is a com¬ mon procedure to run the paper through the calenders three and four times for the purpose of obtaining the desired finish. After the paper has been calen¬ dered it is cut into suitable sizes. The cutting machine is constructed so that three or even four rolls can pass through it at one time, and yet the sheets from each roll are conveyed to separate piles, and there is no danger of mixing the different grades of ito the drying-room, after having been coated with enamel solution. stock. The sheets are then inspected, and on account of blemishes twenty per cent of the product is allowed for waste. Packing for the market finishes the operation. THE INLAND PRINTER GLAZED PAPER. MARBLING PAPER. This is commonly used for covering fine paper The origin of marbling paper has never been boxes, etc., and is one of the popular and useful known. It seems to be one of those arts which kinds of coated paper. The paper is coated as never had a real beginning. The marbled papers before described, the coloring matter — if any — being mixed in the clay bath, and for the purpose of securing a very high luster beeswax is added. The glazing is accomplished by two distinct operations, known as f r i c t i o n-glazing and flint-glazing. The former is effected by a friction¬ calendering machine having a roll of compressed cotton and one of chilled iron. The cotton roll revolves at a much lower speed than the metal one, and the friction which is produced imparts a very high gloss to the paper. The flint-glazing process is much slower and more expensive. A flint stone is fitted into a groove in a burnishing machine, and travels back and forth across the sheet of paper which is fed into it, thus giving a very high and enduring finish, but this method has the disadvantage of leaving indistinct lines upon the surface of the of old Dutch patterns were imported into this paper, which are readily detected. country from Holland centuries ago. To avoid the Paper for lithographic purposes is usually payment of heavy duty, many tricks were intro- coated on one side only, and the clay is prepared duced to defeat the customs. The sheets were used to wrap around packages of toys, and in this way they passed in free. They were then ironed out smoothly, pressed under a weight, and sold to bookbinders at a high figure. These papers had a softness and brilliancy of color disclosing a degree of skill in their manufacture that was far supe¬ rior to our own at the present time. The marbled paper commonly used by bookbinders is easily made. A gelatin or “ size ” bath is prepared, on the top of which are sprinkled the colors desired to be used on the paper. A sheet of paper is carefully laid on the fluid, and immediately removed. The colors will then be fixed on the paper, while the gelatinous fluid taken up by it runs off. A comb is then passed through the so-called “color- carpet,” and the waves of color will divide without blending. The more colors that are scattered into the size bath, the more striking the effect on the paper. The ma¬ nipulation of the large comb is the secret of the marbling art, and a deft workman can copy almost especially for that purpose, otherwise the paper would be likely to stretch or shrink, and prevent accurate registering on the moist lithographic stone. THE INLAND PRINTER 69 any pattern, and design original effects of much beauty. The designs most commonly used are known as the “fan,” “peacock feather” — used largely in business books — “cloud marble,” “ veined marble,” “ Turkish marble,” fine-comb designs and fine veined marble effects on a painted ground. In making the “ fire ” or “cloud-marble ” effect on the edges of a book, the volume, without the cover, is first placed in a clamp and the edges are scraped and wiped off with water, then coated with paste, after which red and blue coloring mat¬ ter is applied with the finger so as to represent clouds, or the edges of the book may be dipped into a bath similar to that employed in the sheet- marbling process. BRISTOL BOARD. Among the most important lines in the paper industry is the manufacture of boards — card¬ board, pressboard, bookbinders’ board, etc. Bris¬ tol board is made of as many thicknesses of coated paper pasted together as the “ ply ” requires. These vary from two-ply to sixteen-ply. The rolls of paper ranging from the very narrow ones to those nearly forty-six inches wide, are adjusted to the pasting-machine. The paste is fed auto¬ matically from a large trough in the top of the pasting-machine down between rolls over which the paper passes. The paper reappears in the form of two-ply board, and is wound around a cylinder at the front of the paster. If four-ply board is wanted, the two two-ply rolls are again put in the machine and the performance repeated. The rolls are nicely adjusted, so that the correct amount of pressure is sustained for every thick¬ ness of board desired, up to eight-ply. The rolls of board are now removed, thor¬ oughly dried, cut into sheets and taken to the plate¬ finishing machine, where they are put between zinc plates of the same size, and subjected to a pressure of forty to sixty tons. When quite dry the boards are finished as desired, some being glazed, after which they are inspected and packed in boxes of one hundred sheets each for shipment. The board stock used for boxes, book-covers, etc., is made from sulphite-pulp of the coarse fiber. This pulp is mixed with coarse paper in the beat¬ ers, where it receives the regulation eight hours’ constant action that these machines afford. It is then passed through long conveyors where the fibers are shortened, and enters the paper-machine without being subjected to the bleaching, screen¬ ing, washing or refining processes. It is the coarsest stock made. It comes from the paper- machine in rolls in the same way as ordinary paper, but it passes over thirty-three steam rolls in order to dry out the thick stock. The two-faced boards which are made up into boxes commonly used for the packing of merchandise are made by pasting two thicknesses of board together, one of which has been colored while in the beater. This board is so dirty, thick and coarse that binders and printers do not cut it with an ordinary paper¬ cutting machine when it can be avoided, but use instead a special rotary cutter or bench shears for the purpose. (To be continued.) HUNTING JOBS IN ENGLAND. With the efforts of the unemployed journeyman to obtain an outlet for his skill we can have nothing but sym¬ pathy. It is a dreary job, calling at place after place to receive with wearisome and disheartening reiteration the same negative answer, “No assistance required”; worsened by the feeling of doubt as to the accuracy of the information dispensed by a more or less amiable time¬ keeper. Occasionally, however, he dodges the janitor, and, after climbing to the top or descending to the bottom of the house, receives a more or less civil reply to his question, “ Is any assistance required? ” In the effort to break away from the hackneyed phrase and common sort of applica¬ tion some rather amusing episodes at times are presented. A little while ago a card was left, on the front of which was printed in the position of the name on a visiting card the words in Old English type “ I. Wanta Job,” and on the back the real name, address, etc., of the distributor. Another gentleman, in his desire to avoid the commonplace, put his head round the corner of the overseer’s door and blurted forth in stentorian tones, “ Do I stand an earthly? ” He didn’t. A persistent applicant by letter-card always used the same peremptory formula, “ Be good enough to inform me when you will have a vacancy.” Perhaps the most novel application recently received was the following, names, etc., being, of course, suppressed : “ Dear Sir, — If, through an accession of work, or any unforeseen circum¬ stance, you want aid in . . . department, kindly mail me a p.c. to that effect, as I am unemployed, after a nearly four years’ engagement at ... I am an aggressive Christian worker, and, unfortunately, live, intense Chris¬ tians are at a discount in this materialistic age, the inevit¬ able result being that I (as forecasted by the Founder of the Faith) found myself in opposition to quite a number of God-forgetters and tepid Christians, and my downfall was assured. Still, I am trusting in the ‘ Providence that shapes our ends, rough-hew them as we may,’ and hitherto I have found Him faithful.” — Circular of Printers’ Man¬ agers’ and Overseers’ Association. HOW TO TELL A GOOD JOB WHEN YOU SEE IT. What is meant by a good job or a poor one? There is but one sure standard and that is whether or not it con¬ forms to the fundamental principles of design and color harmony. These principles are definitely set forth, with numerous illustrative examples, in “ Design and Color in Printing,” by F. J. Trezise, instructor in the Inland Printer Technical School and the I. T. U. Course in Printing. A book of eighty-eight pages, reprinted from The Inland Printer, and bound in heavy paper cover. Price, $1. For sale by The Inland Printer Company. 70 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Printer. THE RELAXATION HABIT. BY ZENO W. PUTNAM. ROST men have some hobby, whether conscious of it or not. There is one that all men ought to have, that many do not — the relaxation habit. The man who shuts his business doors behind him and forgets his office when he closes the safe may not have quite so many of to-mor¬ row’s problems figured out in the course of the time he is supposed to be resting as the one who takes his ledgers and accounts to bed with him. He will be a better citizen, however, and will do his duty better in the home — will know more of the life that means something. The chances are, too, he will be ahead, in the end, in the matter of money-making. Not many men can stand the strain of per¬ petual motion, in mind or body, indefinitely, and, to those who try, there quickly comes a time of complete collapse, or else the habit of dilly-dally¬ ing, so fatal to both rest and work, will creep into the recreation and the working hours. The most consistently strenuous worker in his vocation is usually the man who has some avocation into which he pours his whole life after work is done, who puts the most whole-hearted vim into his domestic life, his recreation, his rest. The man who never relaxes enough to really enter into the spirit of his own home life ought not to have a home, and in reality he usually has a mighty poor imitation of one. Home requires a giving up of self, in part, in its creation, and he has no time for that. His wife and children, there¬ fore, must fester in an unhealthy atmosphere of restraint or else seek the companionship that is their right among other people who have time to be alive. There is little to be gained in straining every nerve to the breaking-down point in the one con¬ stant rush for business. Sooner or later there will come a stopping point. Occasionally a crisis, a rush of orders, a shortage of help, demands it for a little time. It is the man who has such perfect control over himself that he can assume or lay aside his business garments at will who is best equipped to turn his concentrated energy upon such a crisis. The business man should no more think of going into the bosom of his family laden with the taints of business worry than of going to the dinner table with his hands smeared with cheap poster ink, or reeking with the fumes of gasoline. It isn’t fair to his family, who are entitled to a healthier atmosphere. It isn’t fair to himself, who is entitled to the respect and comradeship of his children. What young person, what person of any age, for that matter, if alive, cares to converse with a man whose attention is still lingering between the pages of his ledger and whose feeble efforts at conversation leak out of the odd corners of his heart too close for even the fumes of print¬ er’s ink to penetrate ? A business man may have the language of the pressroom or the copy-writer’s desk by heart; if he has not taken time to learn the language of the heart, of life, he has not lived. If he is not able to forget the troubles of the composing-room during the few hours set aside for rest he has not rested. If he finds no time to give his undivided attention to his wife and children he has not done his duty as a husband and father. Let us forget the pressroom for a while each day, and lose every memory of its scents and noises. After all, there are other successes besides business triumphs which must be encompassed before success in life has been attained. Brush up again, as you once had to, Mr. Business Man, when you went to court that “ dearest girl on earth ” ; sing with her, talk with her, take her to the theater, and give her a chance to show her daugh¬ ters that she knows enough about the manage¬ ment of lovers to give them advice regarding theirs. It will increase her influence over them. Let the boys see that the “ old man ” is not too old to live and love and be a man with the most up-to- date of them. Don’t let. them get the idea that you are a back number, out of harmony with youth and life ; if they have that idea already, take it out of them and increase their respect for your opin¬ ion, your advice, accordingly. If you really are a back number, if long disuse of the social functions has incapacitated you for cutting away from the slavery of business worry, take on some avocation that will require your whole attention, until you break the old chains. Get a motor boat that will take you to the bottom if you forget to attend to it; an auto that will ditch you in an instant if you let your thoughts go wool-gathering over distant ledger accounts or poster combinations; a horse that would as soon break your neck as not if you do not pay atten¬ tion. It will pay you in the end. You will get new pleasures out of life and put new vigor into your business, and you will come back to the office at the opening of each new business day actually rested, and prepared to grapple like an athlete with every difficulty which may spring up. NOT A CHIP. “ That boy of mine is just like his dad.” “Yes — he’s a claw of the old lobster.” — Cleveland Leader. THE INLAND PRINTER 71 Written for Thb Inland Printer. THE TARIFF AND THE TRADE. BY WILLIAM FORSYTHE. this writing it is impossible to form any idea of how the tariff bill will read when it goes to President Taft for his signature. The Payne measure has to run the gauntlet in the House, after which it will go to the Senate, which, it is conceded, will emasculate any act sent it by the popular House. As the Senate usually has its way in such matters, the Payne Bill is not of much importance, except as it indicates that the party managers are opposed to any very violent changes in the schedules. The synopsis of the changes sent out from Washington does not show that the printing-trade memorialists made much impres¬ sion on Mr. Payne’s committee, the exception being the lithographers and the newspaper pub¬ lishers acting in cooperation with the unions. The items in which the graphic arts people are more or less interested, as reported out of committee, are as follows : Article Proposed Tariff. Lithographic prints . 6c a fb. Cardboard . 25c a fb. Lithographic cigar labels . 30c a lb. Plain paper envelopes.. . . 30 % ad val. Wood-pulp . free Print-paper (value 2%c lb) . . . .Hoc a lb. Print-paper (value 2%c lb) . . . .%oc a lb. Varnishes . 25 % ad val. Spirit varnish . . . 25 % ad val. Lead, dross bullion, base bullion. 15 % ad val. Zinc sheets . lHca lb. Linotypes and typesetting ma¬ chines . 30% ad val. Printing-presses . 30 % ad val. Dextrin . l%calb. Threads, not finer than five lea (%c instead of %c advance with each lea over five) ..... .10c a lb. Woolen rags, flocks . 6c a lb. 8c a lb. 20c a lb. 20c a lb. 20 % ad val. % to l%6c lb. %oc a lb. %oc a lb. 35 % ad val. $1.32 gal. and 35 % ad val. retained 2c a lb. 45 % ad val. 45 % ad val. 2c a lb. 13c a lb. 10c a lb. Of these the wood-pulp and print-paper items will attract the most attention. The publishers will be keen to prevent any serious amendment to the committee’s report. That body practically accepted the findings of Mr. Mann’s select com¬ mittee that investigated the papermaking industry last year. The American Paper and Pulp Asso¬ ciation prepared a reply to that report and issued it shortly before the schedules were made public. From the protectionist standpoint this document is a strong one. It claims that there is no evidence that a majority of the publishers favor a removal of the duty from paper and pulp. If they did they would have told the committee so when it asked the question; that “all the publishers who have been conspicuous in suggesting and urging this legislation are owners of Democratic papers, whose principles and beliefs coincide with their desires in this matter.” The manufacturers are repre¬ sented as being “aghast at the danger of ruin which confronts them.” They also feel that the proposed change in the tariff is handing over the industry to the Canadians, who want it, and are encouraged, by governmental action and other¬ wise, to look on American news-print papermak¬ ing with covetous eyes. The manufacturers agree with Mr. Mann’s committee in one thing — “that it is extremely desirable to secure some part of our supply of pulp-wood from Canada.” But they wholly disagree with the committee’s method of insuring that supply. The papermakers say they “ do not believe Canadians generally would adopt the extreme measure against us of prohibiting the export of pulp-wood.” But should Canada do so, the manufacturers are in favor of retaliation, and ask “ why in equity should we not forbid her from getting from us raw cotton or coal on which her manufacturers so largely depend? Why should we open our market to her paper when she has a duty substantially equal to our own against our paper? This naive suggestion that Uncle Sam place a boycott on one of his best customers to benefit the papermen is preceded by a caustic com¬ ment on the demands of the publishers. If their demands are crystallized into law it will show “the press is a privileged class, which is to be encouraged at the sacrifice of any and all inter¬ ests.” They believe, however, the press would repudiate being placed in that light. GOTHAM’S PRICE FOR SUCCESS TOO HIGH. In a lecture before the students of Cornell College at Ithaca, New York, recently, Casper Whitney, formerly editor of Outing and a well-known writer, advised young men and women to keep away from New York. Among other things, Mr. Whitney said, in part : “ New York is decidedly a good place to keep away from. I do not know why so, but there is not the same good fellowship there among literary men, artists, singers or business men as is seen in the great cities of Europe. There is, rather, the most intense jealousy, and this is due perhaps to the fierce competition there. In New York, if anywhere on the globe, Mammon has his worshipers, and there money counts more than it ought. A large percen¬ tage of those in the struggle for supremacy lose out and are unheard of. The few who reach the top too often allow the laurels of success to weigh heavily on their brows and their heads become turned. I have noticed that effect on some splendid college men who went to the metropolis good fellows, only to be completely spoiled by the recognition they finally received. Success is what ambitious men strive after, I admit, but it ought not to be purchased at the price of healthy sentiment and tenderness of heart.” — Editor and Publisher. 72 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Printer.- HALF-TONE INTAGLIO AND RELIEF EFFECT PLATES FROM TYPE FORMS. BY JOHN L. GRABE. HE pursuit after startling effects in printed matter has considerably abated in recent years and the tendency is toward those of a simpler and more dignified character, but an unusual piece of printing, bearing the stamp of real artistic merit, can not but attract and hold the attention of any one familiar with modern printing methods. More especially is this true when the work before one shows on its face the process by which the final result has been attained. Probably in no class of printing is greater effort expended in the search after striking and artistic designs than those for booklet and catalogue covers. Selection can be made from hundreds of different style cover-papers, to say nothing of the suggestions offered by engraving houses. A booklet recently came into the hands of the writer which suggested an idea which may be of value to many readers of The Inland Printer. The cover of this book¬ let was a. half-tone reproduction of a design burnt in leather. Printed in brown ink upon buff paper, the work was striking and unusual. The design, while highly artis¬ tic, and, no doubt, costly, could be duplicated by a good printer with type, rule and ornaments. By simply taking a heavy impression upon leatherette of a color considerably lighter than the ink used, your copy is ready for the half¬ tone engraver. A heavy impression is necessary to give the sunken appearance to the work, and the effect can be heightened by smutting the job judiciously and producing a scorched appearance. Of course, the engraving should be large enough to run off the trimmed work, and — if a booklet catalogue — should appear on back and front of cover. Another artistic design, appropriate for various classes of work, is the half-tone representation of the architectural sculptors’ or clay modelers’ art. The recent popularity of these designs in nearly every line of printing is too well known to be dilated upon. A close observer must have noticed, however, that in few cases has the lettering in these productions in any way approached foundry type in beauty of design, in most cases a neatly composed type-page being far more artistic and attractive than the printed impression of it. There are two ways of making “ relief copy ” for the half-tone engraver from type-forms. The first and sim¬ plest of these is to make a very deep counter, as for embossing, on a job press. By dampening a sheet of heavy bond paper and feeding it to the job in hand a very good relief copy can be made, though in reverse form. This, however, rather enhances the value of the copy to the engraver, as it obviates the necessity of “ stripping ” the negative after printing, which, interpreted for the benefit of the uninitated, means to remove the developed film from the glass-plate and turn it over, in order that the printing- plate will come out in reverse. The other, and more desirable method — although requiring more time and labor — consists of making a matrix in plaster of Paris of the type-form. Electrotype bearers are required for this method and ’should be a half inch higher than the type in the form. The form is locked in the chase and the prepared plaster poured over the form to the height of bearers. After the plaster sets, or becomes hard, the quoins are released slightly and the plaster matrix lifted carefully off. The matrix is then placed face upward and the face shaved or scraped off until it presents a smooth surface and even depth with respect to the type. The entire surface is now treated to a thin coat of shellac, and when this is dry, the matrix (face upward) is surrounded by wooden furniture after the manner used in foundry forms. This furniture should be at least eight ems wide and laid on its side, so that the final or engraver’s copy be of a good thickness. The furniture can be secured in place with twine, after the manner of tying up type-pages. Plaster is now poured into the matrix, and, after hardening, the casts can be readily separated, as the shellac prevents adhesion. The relief cast, after being secured to a wooden base by cleats tacked at the sides and top and bottom, is now ready for the engraver — unless it is to be colored — which is advisable, as the best results are obtained from terra-cotta colored casts. It should be borne in mind that large, heavy¬ faced type and ornaments produce the best plates, and the less reading matter used the better. 1 i ■ i JManual jf first Presbyterian Cfjurcf) Eopefea, Kansas 1008 I ■ i ■ An attractive cover-page arrangement, by H. M. Ives & Sons, Topeka, Kansas. NEW IDEAS IN CARDS AND TICKETS. The discriminating printer in search of ideas will find just what he desires in the third booklet of business card and ticket examples. A variety — forty-five designs — printed in one and two colors on embossed panels. Send 25 cents to The Inland Printer Company for “ Cards and Tickets No. 3.” “RIGHT TO THE SPOT” Reproduced from Original Painting by Four-Color Process Color Plates and Printing by ThelH. W. Weisbrodt Company Cincinnati THE INLAND PRINTER 73 CORRESPONDENCE SUGGESTION FOR TYPEFOUNDERS. To the Editor: Pittsburg, Pa., March 6, 1909. For twenty-four years I have been wondering why some things are permitted in the printing business, and now must speak out. I would like very much to know why some typefoundries do not make the nicks on type be of some use? They could be utilized to save much eye-strain for the printer. They could be made practical and very helpful to the printer in helping him to readily distinguish similar characters, such as cap I’s, l’s and figure 1’s. If the typefounder would realize the necessity and advantage such an arrangement would be to the printer he would readily do this. These little helps would often save time and expense in the printing-office, and enable us to avoid many vexatious errors and the marring of our work by the use of a wrong character or a wrong-font character. These nicks could be so arranged that it would not be neces¬ sary to resort to our magnifying glass to determine the difference. Utility and a regard for that nicety of things (which is valued too little in most cases) should prompt the typefounder in affording the printer this assistance. _ G. W. A. THE END OF THE PRINTERS’ PRICE MOVEMENT IN NEW YORK. To the Editor: New York, N. Y., March 10, 1909. Since several weeks I intended to give you a truthful account of the outcome of the great New York printers’ movement toward the betterment of prices. But I could not make up my mind how I should treat the methods by which the Committee of Fifteen proposed to discharge its functions for the common good. Now, I decided on a can¬ did review of their scheme, and then again, I laid their proposition aside, deeming them beyond the sphere of intel¬ ligent criticism. Now, their project appeared to me like a theme for a poem in satirical vein; then again, I was in doubt whether my perspective faculty was unsound, or that of the Select Fifteen was sorely possessed by some uncon¬ trollable force. So I said nothing about what seemed to be a preconcerted attempt to galvanize the forgotten Board of Trade. An initiation fee of $300 ; annual dues from $60 up, according to a member’s pay-roll, which would make mine $600; complete surrender of the liberty to contract for more than $50 worth of printed matter; the exercise of this most sacred of a business man’s functions by a bureau of hired accountants; the legislative and administrative power to be wielded by seventy-five per cent of the general meetings; the judicial power, strong enough to pronounce the economic death penalty, to be held by the full member¬ ship. But, be it understood, this body is to vote according to the individual member’s dues. Hence, I would have ten votes while my neighbor could put in only one. And such a body was to be prosecutor, judge and jury, all in one, over a poor printer caught in the act of exercising his nat¬ ural right of putting in his own figures when pressed to do so by need or circumstances. By this time, however, the clouds have passed away that darkened my mind when I heard the unheard-of propo¬ sition which made me doubt of myself and my craft. So, I can again handle the pen, and shall do so until death takes it from my hand. Because there is hope for our trade, the fifteen draftsmen of this wanton scheme for the abolition of the printer’s poverty called a meeting of their con¬ stituency on January 25. About one hundred and fifty printers appeared, but most of them disappeared before the reading of the report was finished. Then the trade was invited to sign the roll of membership, but up to February 15 only about twelve names were obtained. So, it seems that the rank and file of the printing trade will rather bear the woes of their inherited competitive business system than strip themselves of the privilege of making contracts. The fraternity of which I am proud to be a member will sooner put its trust in the individual’s common sense than place its fate into the hands of a few large printers and a bureau of irresponsible accountants appointed by them. Thank God, with men willing to withstand the temptations of trustism, the printing trade is not yet lost! When the Old Witch of Printerdom screeched against the hurly-burly of competition, where “ fair is foul and foul is fair,” then the young siren, sitting on the rock of labor, grew jealous and intoned a monotonous recitative on this perplexing theme to allure the printermen into her parlor on Fifth avenue. In plain words, the success of the Typothetag in bringing about a real mass-meeting of print¬ ers was the signal for the League to try and outdo her older sister. Quite reasonably, it was hoped that the younger one would draw more admirers than the elder, with scars and crows’ feet in her face. One thousand print¬ ers were invited, but only about sixty responded on Febru¬ ary 5. These curious people apparently thought that the League would, perhaps, present something new and origi¬ nal in the way of trade organization. But no, they found a commonplace exhortation club, appealing in all keys to the printermen, then and there to make a vow, with one mighty pull, exactly at 8:30 A.M., on February 10, to raise all prices of printed matter. This solemn engagement to adopt a new course of life at the given moment was supposed to do the whole trick; provided, however, that a five-line agate advertisement in the dailies was previously published in order to inform the “ buyers of printing ” of what was going to happen on that day. Thereafter, a celebrated cost-system was to be installed, which would act as an automatic regulator of every discrepancy between the printers’ ins and outs. Should any customer grumble, then stiffen your back, draw up your eyebrows, and pronounce with a sonorous voice: “Cost system! ” and at once he will smile sardonically. Although a member, I did not go to the League price¬ raising meeting. Partly because it is against my nature to follow any bellwether, especially when he tries to jump from out of the frying-pan into the fire. But mostly so, because my League friends had thrown me into one of those awful distractions common to persons who do their own thinking. They published the dictum : “ Every sane printer is interested ” in these propositions. Feeling myself wholly disinterested in cost systems and exhortation clubs, I felt as if I were one of the insane printers. So, I remained at home, fearing that unconsciously I might cre¬ ate a disturbance in the League of the sane. However, speaking from the exhorter’s point of view, the affair went wrong without me. The League’s coquetry 74 THE INLAND PRINTER with the Board of Trade at the meeting of February 5, was answered by a universal headshake of the whole craft. Of course, thereupon the schemers poured a flood of anathe¬ mas over the heads of the stay-at-home printers. In truth, the entire craft was publicly denounced as “ the worst bunch of business men in the United States.” Strange, I always thought that printers must be exceedingly fine economists, as they know how to make both ends meet under very bad trade conditions and still preserve the highest standard of their art. Even in the regular February meeting of the League, the executive committee officially laid the bans of this club on the heads of the stay-at-home members. Pronouncing his strongest words of censure, Chairman Maune’s Napoleon III. visage rested on me. The glowing spark from his veiled eyes ignited my soul, and I jumped up to defend the thousand stay-at-home printers before the bar of the ten omnipresents. But silence and coldness reigned and, alas, I fell again into one of my unhappy distractions, which made me feel like a fool among wise men. So I cut short my speech. The secretary was then instructed to ignore my remarks, and for this reason I ask you, dear editor, to print what I desired to say in favor of those good men who will not follow the capers of some well-meaning enthusi¬ asts who have nothing but ifs under their feet. Let me use the pronoun we, because I feel myself as one with those colleagues who plod and work day and night while an army of suave salesmen invades their territory and disturbs their peace with their patrons — all in the name of business liberty. At times we have been exhorted by societies of leading printers to let them or their boards of trade do the contract-making of our business for us. However, we do not want to strip ourselves of the privilege of American business men to judge and speak and act for ourselves. Because we deem our business a vocation in the old religious sense: an honorable and God-given office to perform during time of our life certain duties for society, under obligation toward our fellow-beings, our craft, and ourselves. We know full well that some printers in every community forget, or even trample upon, the obligations under which they are permitted to work for their own inter¬ est. Our good country has granted freedom of contract to all men, so that all might have equal chances to develop their talents. However, some printers can not bear this absolute liberty. They abuse it, and by dint of immoral competition they drag the whole craft into the mire and make our days heavy with cares and our nights restless with fears. The way to stop the few who knowingly transgress the moral and customary limits of competition is not to deprive the whole business community of their ennobling function of making contracts as faithful as they know how. God and organized society do not condemn mankind because some are criminals and unfit to be free among free men. The Creator has delegated to men the power to stop trans¬ gressors. Why have all generations of older nations than ours set their foot upon monopolies? Why has our own people solemnly declared that trustism shall not have its way? It is because trustism makes business men forget their obligations toward God and society and degrades craftsmen to the rank of contemptible graftsmen. What, then, shall be said of the persistent efforts of some promi¬ nent printers to build a trust of the whole craft without the cement which Rockefeller and other fellows dig out of the nether regions for their monopolies? Why, the trust or board of trade without power to fix the prices for the whole combination is but a schoolboy’s caricature on a silicate slate. The proper way to stop immoral competition in the printing trade is to declare the law where a man’s liberty should begin and end. “ Take heed lest by any means this liberty of yours becomes a stumbling block to them that are weak.” (1 Cor. viii, 9.) Our people, too long optimis¬ tically confiding in each other, are beginning to learn that our business liberty is turning into business licentiousness. Presidents Roosevelt and Taft gave expression of this widespread sentiment, which at present moves even some cold hearts under judicial black gowns. Let the whole craft — not only those of the front rank, but all who earn their living in its pursuit — declare the forgotten duties of the printermen, high and low, toward themselves, their craft, and society. We feel sure that the rank and file will know how to enforce this, their self- imposed law of liberty. And, also, that society will approve such common action as will elevate each member of this useful vocation. But, “ Let all things be done decently and in order” (1 Cor. xiv, 40), as is right for a people that knows neither lords nor aristocrats, and holds that economic rank or wealth have no preference over the weakest mem¬ bers doing their duty as good as they know and can. For this the thousands of stay-at-home printers are ripe, and they patiently wait for the fulfilment of their hopes. But, mind ye, there is no printer so naive that he could not distinguish the Typothetse or League buncombe in vogue from sober and honest speech. The harvest is ripe — where are the laborers? So asks day by day Old Nick. REVIVAL OF THE BAXTERTYPE. To the Editor: London, March 15, 1909. The letter by Robert E. LeBlond in the February Inland Printer, following the article by Charles E. Dawson, makes interesting reading about an old-time process, a process unequaled by modern methods in the color-printing world. Were it not that I am in position to put right many mistaken notions about Baxter color-printing and have the knowledge exactly how these prints were pro¬ duced, I should hesitate to controvert some of the state¬ ments made by Mr. LeBlond. I know Mr. LeBlond writes of “ his recollections,” which have to travel back nearly forty-five years, when he was fourteen years old. He also acknowledges he neither worked in the Baxter color depart¬ ment, nor were other than the workers allowed in that room. I, therefore, judge that he speaks from impressions, rather than from actual knowledge. I had the pleasure last year to deliver a lecture upon Baxter color-prints and how they were produced. I gave a full account of the process, besides details of the life of George Baxter. At the same time, I spoke of the produc¬ tion of LeBlond as equaling some of the best produced by George Baxter or any licensee. It was acknowledged that the Baxter color-prints of J. M. Kronheim & Co., exhibited by me at the time, were some of the finest ever printed, besides which, J. M. Kronheim & Co. probably produced more Baxter color-prints than George Baxter and all the other licensees put together, for they issued over four thou¬ sand different subjects, whereas George Baxter did not produce many more than three hundred and fifty. It has constantly been stated in various journals that Baxter color-printing is a lost art. To prove the fallacy of this, Messrs. J. M. Kronheim & Co. issued as their calen¬ dars for 1909, two Baxter color-prints, printed from their original blocks used in 1868, but printed in 1908. These calendars have created great interest in the process and have certainly proven that J. M. Kronheim & Co. still retain THE INLAND PRINTER 75 the skill they possessed over sixty years ago as fine-art color-printers. They were established in 1846 and about this date became licensees of George Baxter, some time before LeBlond started to use the process; in fact, LeBlond was little thought of as a Baxter color-printer until 1860, when George Baxter retired from business. Until very lately, we had in our employ men who had also worked for George Baxter and LeBlond and some of these printers are still living in London. It was a common experience in those days, as it is at the present time, for men to leave one firm and seek work in a rival establishment, so by an exchange of workmen we were as conversant with the details of working in competi¬ tive establishments as they were with our methods. There is no shadow of doubt about our knowing the exact meth¬ ods of producing Baxter color-printing which were fol¬ lowed out by all who produced this class of work, and our calendars for 1909 prove this fact. In printing Baxter color-prints, after the impressions are taken from the steel plates, they are dried, then pricked by hand through register dots printed in the magazine from the steel plate. The impressions are then systemat¬ ically damped and stacked, weights being placed on top of the stacks to keep the sheets flat and the moisture even, while damp cloths are hung around the stacks of work to prevent the edges becoming dry, and, at the close of each day, the edges are sprayed with water to insure an even dampness. Before the first color is printed upon the steel- plate impressions, the sheets have to be measured to see that they are of the same size. The short ones are further damped and in extreme cases, rolled, while those that are too long are slightly dried. All these sheets are kept at an even moisture until the last color is printed. It is impos¬ sible to produce Baxter color-prints on dry stock, as Mr. LeBlond states. You will readily understand how important it was to use metal tympans while working with damp sheets, hence the necessity for using zinc or suitable sheets of metal for tympans and not calico, as stated by Mr. LeBlond. It is certainly a pity Mr. LeBlond never saw any of George Baxter’s own productions, some of which have never been excelled and probably never equaled. I imagine Mr. LeBlond went to America with his father in 1856, otherwise I should have thought he would have seen some of George Baxter’s prints when, in 1867, after his death, a good many of the plates and blocks used by George Baxter were sold to LeBlond. The year 1868 was the heyday for Baxter color-prints. J. M. Kronheim & Co. were pro¬ ducing biblical plates at the rate of one hundred thousand per month and employed day and night shifts upon the work. They had over sixty presses going, besides nearly as many copper-plate presses. We still retain in our employ men who have been with us over sixty years and who are engaged upon Baxter color-prints. In removing from our old premises in Shoe Lane to our enlarged works at Tottenham Hale, London, N. JEL, we came across a few copies of one of our finest Baxter color- prints, entitled “ The Village Schoolmaster.” These are being readily bought for $5.50 each. The size of the sub¬ ject is 11% by 14% inches and was, when produced by us in 1853, retailed for $1.35. There are several very fine collections of Baxter color- prints in Great Britain, probably the one in possession of Mr. C. T. Courtney Lewis, author of “ George Baxter, His Life and Work,” being the finest in the world, although my own collection of over three thousand different subjects is most extensive. J. M. Kronheim, after making his for¬ tune, retired from business, but about the year 1865, he went to America and, with his son, established himself as a printer, but, leaving his son in that business, he returned to England and rejoined the firm of J. M. Kronheim & Co. His death took place in 1896. Possibly some of your read¬ ers may be able to give information whether the son still carries on the business, in New York, I think. Fred W. Seeley. WHAT A WORKING PRINTER CAN DO. To the Editor: Cape Girardeau, Mo., March 26, 1909. Some months ago I criticized one of your correspon¬ dents who complained about workmen not getting a chance in the cities to become superintendents of city printing- plants. I then advised city workmen to go out to the smaller cities and towns and establish their own offices there, and to this purpose I said the supply houses would render very efficient aid. As an example of what can be done, I would point to the following. The photograph I send you is a picture of the building now occupied and owned by Naeter Brothers. Building owned by Naeter Brothers, proprietors of the Cape Girardeau (Mo.) Republican. Less than five years ago three men, Harry, Fred and George Naeter, went to Cape Girardeau, Missouri, and bought out the Republican. When they arrived they had between them $650 all told. To-day these men own the building pictured herewith, and their plant, paper and business could not be bought for less than $40,000, and it is worth $50,000. Before going to Cape Girardeau, Fred Naeter was a printer on the St. Louis Star, George Naeter was a printer on the St. Louis Globe-Democrat, and Harry Naeter was a member of the city press in Chicago. These men have done good printing in their job plant, and their work has attracted attention throughout all southeastern Missouri. Their paper, the Republican, has been conducted with the purpose of helping the people. These men now stand as leaders in public thought and in useful industry. What they have done can and will be done again in many places, and, in my opinion, these results can be obtained best by the city printer who works as a tradesman. All one needs is a desire to do good work at profitable prices, an inherent determination to attend to business, and to live a respectable life. These character- 76 THE INLAND PRINTER istics, combined with fair judgment and a generous equip¬ ment of common, old-fashioned Christian faith, can redeem many a workman to independence and comfort for life. Arthur Wilson. AGAINST HIGHER TARIFF ON POST-CARDS. To the Editor: St. Louis, Mo., March 12, 1909. It appears some manufacturers of post-cards have been agitating for an increase in the duty on post-cards, and have presented arguments, etc., to the tariff committee at Washington to this end. Now, their efforts recall to one’s mind the dog in the manger. Ostensibly, they want the increased duty to enable our card manufacturers to obtain higher prices for their goods and provide work for high- priced operatives at this sort of production. But would this be the result? It would not — and don’t forget it — because the public is very fickle in the souvenir post-card vogue, and these selfish would-be excluders of the foreign artists’ productions would quickly find that there would be no market if they attempted to make Americans pay higher prices than now obtain for post-cards. The prices, heaven knows, are plenty high enough now. Raise them, and you will note how speedily folks who have short communica¬ tions to send will revert to the postals which the Postoffice Department supplies. Unless you want to kill the fad you had better leave the subject of duty on them alone. Don’t act the dog ; let the ox have his feed — even though it be not of the sort a dog might wish for. In other words, live and let live. Reports from Europe indicate that there is a heavy decline in the sale of post-cards — quite likely a sign of the passing of the vogue, or it may be an ebb due to the fickleness of those who follow fashion. This in itself should be a warning to our envious agitators who would snatch away a crust from less well-positioned fellow mortals. Should you win in your fight for higher duties, how would you, on turning about, enjoy the view of a vanishing market? Abou-ben-Adhem. THE ARCHBISHOP ON THE BOX. It was a former Archbishop of York— Doctor Thomson — who appeared once in the role of coachman. He had attended an evening party and, on leaving the house, dis¬ covered that his coachman was drunk. There appeared nothing for it but to drive home himself, and the Arch¬ bishop, after placing the smiling but unconscious coach¬ man inside the carriage, mounted the box and took the reins. The monotony of the homeward journey was broken by a wheel of the carriage coming into violent collision with a stone just outside the entrance to Bishopsthrope. The lodgekeeper, unable to recognize the approaching figure in the darkness, called out cheerily, “ Hello, Bill, drunk again ! — and blowed if you ain’t got the old cock’s hat on ! ” “ It’s the old cock himself,” gravely responded His Grace. — Argonaut. NO NEED TO HESITATE ABOUT “STYLE.” A new book of ideas for the progressive printer — “ Covers and Title-pages.” This is an attractive portfolio of thirty-five designs for covers and title-pages, printed in various colors and on various stocks. Gathered in a port¬ folio cover and easily accessible. The Inland Printer Com¬ pany will send it for 75 cents. Written for The Inland Printer. LONDON NOTES. BY ODR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT. BHE London Society of Compositors, after taking a ballot of the members, has forwarded the following demands to the secretary of the Master Printers’ Association : “ That the hours of night ‘ ships ’ be limited to eleven hours a night for case hands, with a maximum of sixty hours a week, and to ten hours a night for operators, with a maximum of fifty-six hours a week. The number of nights to be limited to five per week. . . . That the extra rate for overtime be increased to 12 cents for the first three hours and to 18 cents for the remaining five hours, at whatever time worked.” A lengthy correspondence ensued on the subject, and an informal conference elicited the statement that the pro¬ posed overtime rate was intended to be prohibitory and to force employers to employ more hands in place of working overtime. It has been pointed out by the Masters’ Associa¬ tion that past efforts in this direction have accentuated unemployment, and to this the men have replied that they press for the new rules with the object of decreasing unemployment, as they say the extra rates would induce employers to take on extra hands for night work instead of paying the regular hands overtime. The matter rests here at the time of writing, and no settlement is in view. Objections have been raised by the London Society of Compositors to one of the technical schools of the London County Council, as they say that the result will be the raising of a class of nonapprenticed lads, to the detriment of the trade. To the objections lodged the school com¬ mittee has replied that the object of the teaching was to stimulate an interest in spelling, punctuation and composi¬ tion in boys who are backward and not interested in academic subjects, and that two hours a week for a year or two devoted to typesetting and distributing and proof¬ reading will not make a boy a printer or an improver, and the lads will, therefore, still require apprenticeship. The committee says that the London Society of Compositors’- arguments “ are not weighty enough to prevent the com¬ mittee from proceeding with the experiment.” The London proofreaders, or, as they prefer to be called, the “ correctors of the press,” have been agitating for a forty-eight hour week, with a minimum wage of $11.50, but owing to the varying conditions in different offices this has been modified to $10.75 for those offices working forty-eight hours or less, $11 for those working forty-nine and one-half hours, with the addition of 25 cents an hour to the weekly wage of those readers who work more than those hours. Another important claim advanced is that compositors put to read shall at once be paid as readers, and when it was urged by the employers that, owing to their want of skill, they should be paid as probationers, at 50 cents per week less than the readers’ rate, for a period of six months, it was suggested that this could only be conceded if probationers were restricted in number, only one being allowed at a time in any office, however large. A number of overtime regulations are also under consideration, and the following rules have been drafted for acceptance by the employers: “No reader shall work more than forty-eight hours’ overtime in any calendar month, nor more than sixteen hours in any one week. A reader working overtime must be absent from the office eight hours before resuming work. A reader must not work more than one day and a night consecutively in a week; working till past twelve to be considered a night THE INLAND PRINTER 77 for the purposes of this rule. A reader who has worked all night till 8 a.m. must discontinue work, except on Sat¬ urday morning, when, after an hour for breakfast, he may continue till 1 p.m., the overtime rate being continuous from 7 o’clock on Friday evening. Weekly overtime to be reckoned from Monday morning till Sunday night. Over¬ time to begin not later than 7 p.m. Time before the usual starting time of the reading department to be paid as over¬ time. No reader to take first-proof reading home.” The London Readers’ Society is a fairly strong body, and it is likely that their demands, with perhaps slight modifica¬ tions, may be granted. The negotiations that have been pending for some time between the Edinburgh master printers and their employ¬ ees have resulted in a reduction of the working hours from fifty-two and one-half to fifty per week, the alteration to go into effect in May next. The masters have also agreed to an increase of 1 cent per hour in the time rate of com¬ positors. The demands of the men’s federation have all been conceded, except that the scale for piecework has not been advanced. The masters have expressed the hope that a similar step will be taken by the several competing centers in England, so as to put them on an equal footing with the Edinburgh hands in the matter of time and wages. It is becoming quite the rule for all printing establish¬ ments of any size to have a number of their men drilled as firemen, and to have installations of fire hose and ready filled water-buckets in the various departments. Some of these private fire brigades have attained a high degree of efficiency, and the fire call is often given from the office to test their reliability and smartness. In a fire the other day in a building which adjoins one of these printing- houses, the printer-firemen turned out and had the fire well under control before the city fire brigade arrived, and at various times serious outbreaks have been prevented by their services. I have not seen this feature of fire brigades in printing-offices alluded to in the trade papers on your side, and if they have not been instituted yet it might be well to take a leaf out of the British printers’ book. The London printer is a man who devotes much atten¬ tion to the institution and up-keep of charitable associa¬ tions that are calculated to ameliorate the hardships of his more unfortunate brethren. Thus, we have almshouses for the aged printer, pensions, convalescent homes and other institutions, and now, the latest development is the Printers’ General Medical Aid and Sanatoria Association, which is established for the purpose of enabling medical advice, hospital treatment and sanatorium advantages to be had when required by its members. A considerable number of offices subscribe toward the support of this association, and it is doing a large amount of good work in an unostentatious way. Considerable interest is being manifested here just now in the new Albert color-process, which is in use on the continent successfully, and several photoengraving firms have sent delegates to Munich to investigate the process at Doctor Albert’s works. The method consists in making three or four ordinary negatives, without the interposition of the half-tone ruled screen, there being therefore no dot effect in the negatives. The plates are prepared by the col¬ lodion-emulsion process, and dyes are introduced into the emulsion to make it color-sensitive, , so that when exposed on a painting or other colored object, the requisite color selection is obtained without the use of the usual three- color filters or screen. These negatives are successively put into a special printing-frame, which has a ruled half¬ tone screen fixed in front of and in contact with the nega¬ tive. Behind the negative, and in contact with the film, is placed a zinc-plate, which is first coated with a soluble varnish and then with bichromated glue. A powerful arc light is placed at some distance from the printing-frame, and a rotary motion in a vertical plane is given to the latter by means of suitable mechanism. The rays of light passing through the half-tone screen break up the lights and shades of the negative into half-tone dots on the sensi¬ tized zinc-plate, so that the effect is practically the same as if a half-tone negative had been printed direct on to the zinc-plate. The sensitized zinc-plate is developed by wash¬ ing with water until the half-tone dots are isolated and the soluble varnish is exposed in the spaces between them. The plate is then put into a bath of spirit, which dissolves the varnish between the dots, and then the fish-glue image is washed away, leaving the dots of the final image in var¬ nish. It is claimed that by proceeding in this way very little, if any, fine etching is required, and thus one of the most time-consuming operations of the three-color process is saved. If it should result that there is the saving of time claimed, the process may ultimately cheapen three- color. The paper used for the printing of about seventy thou¬ sand calendars was the subject of a case in the law courts the other day, when a firm of printers in Leeds brought an action against a Liverpool house for payn»«at of a bill of $7,000, the defense being that the calendars were sent out in an incomplete or damaged condition. It was stated in court that when the contract was made the very best paper was selected and the defendants naturally expected a good job, and evidence was called to show that instead of being folded they could have been rolled perfectly well and per¬ fectly safe. Expert witnesses were also called, whose evidence was to the effect that the paper used for the almanacs in question should not have been folded at all. No matter how carefully it might be bent when sent through the post, there was bound to be breakage in the surface of the paper, which would deteriorate the value of the calendar. The jury found for the plaintiffs and judg¬ ment was entered accordingly. There is an association in Manchester known as the Manchester Jobbing Printers’ Guild. It is an organization that is attached to the Typographical Society (the trade union of compositors for the provinces), and is intended for the improvement of the workers and to encourage each man to do the best he can to raise himself in the art of the display printer. The ideal to be aimed at by the members has been put as “ the duty of every man to try and make his own work the best in his shop, his own shop the best in the town, his own town the best in the country, and his own country the best in the world.” The guild held an interesting exhibition in Manchester the other day, with which the masters cooperated, and there was a good dis¬ play made of posters, three-color work, catalogues and general commercial printing. Several of the large Man¬ chester firms also sent special exhibits of their work, and prizes were awarded for the best examples of printing. This movement is looked upon by both employers and employed in Manchester as being a great factor in raising the quality of letter-press printing, and as tending to create emulation among the men to the bettering of their daily tasks. SOMETHING DIFFERENT IN DESIGN? You will find it in “ Envelope Corner Cards No. 3,” published by The Inland Printer Company. Contains fifty- two examples in one, two and three colors. Price, 25 cents. 78 THE INLAND PRINTER Compiled for The Inland Printer. INCIDENTS IN FOREIGN GRAPHIC CIRCLES. BY OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT. GERMANY. The proposed tax on advertisements still agitates the publishers and advertisers' of Germany, and gives rise to many protesting articles in the craft journals as well as letters and resolutions condemning it presented by trade societies to the Government. Many advertisers are now putting clauses in their new contracts for advertising to the effect that the contracts are to be void in case the Gov¬ ernment institutes the tax. The year 1909 has the distinction of being the tercen¬ tenary of the first issuing of a weekly newspaper, which was published at Strasburg, in Alsace, and of which copies of almost the entire volume for the year 1609 are owned by the Heidelberg University Library. If this weekly, enti¬ tled Relation alter Fiirnemmen und gedenkwur digen Histo- rien, was started prior to 1609, it can not be proven by any existing copies. Its publisher was Johann Carolus, a book- dealer. German patents have been granted to the Huber & Hodgman Printing Press Company, Taunton, Massachu¬ setts, for a double-deck rotary press to print two or more colors (No. 198,498) ; William Ducke, Sr., and William Ducke, Jr., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for a feeding device for platen presses (198,631) ; Duplex Printing Press Com¬ pany, Battle Creek, Michigan, for a multicylinder rotary press (198,806) ; John R. Rogers, Brooklyn, New York, for an adjustable slug-ejector for line-casting machines (199,219) ; Walter Harold Smith, Niles, Michigan, for a lifting device for ink-feeding rollers on rotary presses (199,350) ; Charles Grant Harris and Walter Harold Smith, Niles, Ohio, for an ink-distributing apparatus for rotary presses (199,432) ; International Typograph Com¬ pany, New York, N. Y., for a line-casting machine employ¬ ing two-letter or poly-letter matrices running on endless wires (202,755). TURKEY. Since the beginning of the new- era in Turkey, follow¬ ing the inauguration of a constitutional regime, the aboli¬ tion of censorship, etc., the press, which had been continu¬ ously oppressed — in fact, was barely permitted to exist — has breathed a new and vigorous life. In the last four months of 1908 over eight hundred new journals were started in this country, of which one hundred and fifty are published at Constantinople. The first place in Turkish journals is held by Ikdam, which was published under the old regime, but in different form. It is the organ of the Government. Next in importance are Jeni Gazetta (New Gazette), organ of the grand vizier; Hukuk-Ummunige (The Universal Right), which was formerly published in Paris and espoused the cause of the Ultra-liberal and Extreme Left parties; Sahab (Morning Rays), the organ of the Armenians, and Tanin (Cry), which concerns itself with foreign politics. The position of foreign journals is now also very good, and the different European colonies, French, English, Italian, German, have their representa¬ tive papers. A number of humorous and satiric illustrated publications seem to do well, not because of their novelty, but because the Turkish people appreciate intellectual acuteness. Viewed as a whole, one can assert that in the history of journalism no such speedy progress is to be recorded as during the past few months in Turkey. It has also been a good opportunity for the manufacturers of printers’ machinery and tools, and the ink and paper trade of Germany, France and Austria, to find a iftarket for their wares. FRANCE. The Paris Institute for the Blind recently celebrated the one hundredth anniversary of the birth of Louis Braille, the inventor of Brailletype, for printing books for the blind. Braille lost his sight through an accident at the age of three years. He was a teacher at the above insti¬ tute (L’lnstitut des Aveugles) from 1828 until 1852, the year of his death. The young French scientist, Edouard Bertin, whose improvements in the field of telephotography have already attracted considerable attention, lately made some very promising experiments. He made use of a telegraph line between Paris and Lyons, and succeeded in exchanging some excellent telephotos between the two cities. First, he telegraphed a picture of a hunted criminal from Lyons to the capital, from whence he received a view of a Parisian street. Then several portraits were exchanged. All the photographs showed decided clearness and sharpness, though the distance was a great one, and the line was selected at random. As a characteristic of the Bertin system it must be said that not only portraits but draw¬ ings, manuscripts and landscapes may be correctly trans¬ mitted. The reproduction is accomplished with remark¬ able rapidity — for example, a portrait of the mayor of Lyons was taken up at Paris in five minutes, while a view of the Trianon at Versailles was transmitted in nine and one-fourth minutes. ITALY. The welcome news is given that the valuable manu¬ scripts of the library of Messina (among them some most important Greek codices) , as well as all its incunabula and other rare and choice volumes, practically escaped damage in the disastrous earthquake of last December. The official organ of the Italian printers’ union, Lavoratore del Libro, reports that thirty colleagues sur¬ vived the catastrophe at Messina and Reggio. They came to Naples and were temporarily supported there by the union. In searching the ruins of Messina a comparatively unharmed printery was found, and now, with the help of members of the militia, detailed for the purpose, a journal, Bulletino di Messina, is being published. SWITZERLAND. During a recent recataloguing of a library of manu¬ scripts belonging to the city of Zurich there was made a valuable find, being a “ History of the Reformation,” cov¬ ering the years 1516 to 1534, and containing six hundred pages. Its author was Johann Strumpf, abbot of the Abbey of Johann of Jerusalem, and a friend of Zwingli. In addition to this he was the author of several other his¬ torical works. A NEW BOOK READY. “ Design and Color in Printing,” by F. J. Trezise, tells the why of color harmony and the principles of design underlying typography. Chapters on Appropriate Type¬ faces, Proportion, Typographical Designing, Complemen¬ tary Harmony, etc. — thirteen in all. Reprinted from The Inland Printer, and contains eighty-eight pages, 6 by 9 inches in size. Attractively bound in heavy paper cover. Sent by The Inland Printer Company for $1, post¬ paid. THE INLAND PRINTER 79 JOB COMPOSITION BT F. J. TBEZISE. In this series of articles the problems of job composition will be discussed, and illustrated with numerous examples. These discussions and examples will be specialized and treated as exhaustively as possible, the examples being criticized on fundamental principles — the basis of all art expression. By this method the printer will develop his taste and skill, not on mere dogmatic assertion, but on recognized and clearly defined laws. The initial letter, as a form of page decoration, dates back to the early manuscripts. These manuscripts con¬ tained no title-pages, presumably because of the expense of the parchment or vellum on which they were lettered, and the desire for decoration took form in elaborately illuminated borders and initial letters. The calligraphers who lettered the manuscripts did not, as a usual thing, do the illuminating, but left blank spaces for the initials and chaser, either through neglect or from motives of economy, failed to have the illuminating done. Following the work of the illuminators came initial letters cut on wood and printed in colors, and later came decorative designs mortised or pierced to admit the use of any letter desired. The printer of to-day may easily and quickly procure almost any form of initial letter which he may desire, the various typefoundries showing a line of very pleasing designs. Nothing in the way of decoration adds more to an office than a well-selected stock of initial letters, care¬ fully chosen with a view to the body-type with1 which they are to be used, and the illustrations herewith show that the opportunities for selection are large. Fig. 1,‘ a group of designs taken from the catalogue of the American Type Founders Company, gives an idea of the large line of ini¬ tials made by this concern. The mortised letters admit of the printer having a large variety of designs with a small amount of expenditure. Fig. 2 shows some handsome designs catalogued by Barnhart Brothers & Spindler, the mortised designs predominating. The admirable assort¬ ment of initials made by the Keystone Type Foundry is represented in Fig. 3, while a few examples from the artis¬ tic designs of the Inland Type Foundry appear in Fig. 4. A group of initial letters from the catalogue of Genzsch & Heyse, Hamburg, Germany, is shown in Fig. 5. In borders, which were later put in by illuminators — master artists whose knowledge of form and color was demon¬ strated in their beautiful work. These early manuscripts, now centuries old, show a richness and permanence of color which the work of to-day does not possess. With the advent of printing, the same customs followed, and the purchaser of the book chose his own illuminators and had the book decorated. Frequently, in order to avoid possible mistake on the part of the illuminator, the printer placed in the center of the blank space left for the initial, a small letter as a guide. Old books with blank spaces for initial letters are in existence to-day, showing that the pur- design and color, they harmonize pleasingly with the gothic or black-letter which is such an important factor in Ger¬ man typography. No matter how limited the equipment of an office may be, the printer need not be at a loss for some form of deco¬ rative initial letter. Plain rules and a stock ornament or piece of border are all that are necessary to enable him to originate embellishment for his page. Illustrations of this class of letters are shown in Fig. 6. In one of these letters, the use of the stock cut is shown, another is composed of a plain roman letter and rules, others show a use of decora¬ tive borders both as borders and as backgrounds for the 80 THE INLAND PRINTER letters proper. One is almost unlimited as to the varieties that may be developed in this line. In Fig. 7 are shown examples of brass initial rules manufactured by the H. C. Hansen Type Foundry for the express purpose of assisting the printer in making initial letters. They are put in fonts, mitered in two, four and six pica lengths, and, either alone or in combination with ordinary foundry ornaments, make very pleasing initials. Now let us consider what the printer must do in regard to the initial letter if he is to be successful in its use. He must see that its alignment with the text which follows it Fig. 3. — An interesting group of initials from the Keystone Type Foundry. is proper and pleasing; he must see that the margins of white space between initial and text are not only equal but that they are in accordance with the character of the let¬ ters; and he must see that initial and text harmonize in tone. That the initial should harmonize in shape with the page is also desirable, but not as important as the other features. One can readily see that a long, narrow page suggests an initial of the same proportions, while a page more nearly square calls for an initial of the same shape. Perhaps the most simple form of initial letter is that which consists of a larger size of the same series of type as that used for the text — large enough to exactly line Fig. 4. — Some attractive initials from the Inland Type Foundry. with the top of the first line of the text immediately fol¬ lowing it and with the bottom of the second line of the text. This is a very popular form of letter for ordinary book- work and is large enough for the purpose. In more elabo¬ rate editions, and on folders, circulars, etc., a much larger initial is allowable and often preferable. The compositor usually does not give sufficient atten¬ tion to the spacing around initial letters, especially where the plain ones are used. Letters like L, T, V, W, etc., which do not fairly fill a rectangular space, require more than Fig. 2. — Designs of Barnhart Brothers & Spindler. The mortised designs are especially valuable, as they may be adapted to any letter. THE INLAND PRINTER 81 ordinary care in handling. A common error in this mat¬ ter of spacing is shown in Fig. 8-A. An adherence to the rule of some offices that all lines at the side of initial let¬ ters, with the exception of the first, be indented an en quad or an em quad produces this result where the T and like letters occur. B shows how this may be avoided by the omission of the indention in cases of this kind. On the other hand, the letters which fairly fill the rectangle call for indention of the lines following them, and the amount of this indention should be sufficient to make the white spaces at the side and bottom of the letter equal or nearly so. This is illustrated in C and D. In the former, the lack of indention causes a crowded appearance and irregular margins, while in the latter this is overcome by a judicious use of space. The question of the alignment of the decorative initial Fig. 5. — Characteristic initial letters from Genzsch & Heyse, Hamburg, Germany. 82 THE INLAND PRINTER letter is often a perplexing one to the printer, owing to the many differences of opinion expressed regarding it. The character of the letter, however, should decide the align¬ ment. Where the letter proper is surrounded by decora¬ tion which is rather open and the outline of which is not Type Foundry. well defined, it is more pleasing to line the top of the text with the letter proper, and not with the top of the decora¬ tion. On the other hand, where the outline of the letter and decoration is well defined, the text following should be lined up with this well-defined border. Fig. 9 shows exam¬ ples illustrative of this point. In A, a case where a strong, vigorous letter is surrounded by comparatively light and open decoration, the top of the text is lined up with the top of the decoration — the result being unsatisfactory. In B the lining of the text with the letter proper is much more pleasing. On the other hand, C and D illustrate the same proposition applied to the letter with a well-defined border, C showing the irregularities in appearance caused by lining up the text with the letter proper in an initial of this character, and D showing the pleasing effect gained by lining the text up with the outline. The question of harmony of tone between initial and text is one to which too little attention is given. Cata¬ logues, booklets and books show pages containing initial letters which are so strong in tone that they fairly seem to jump out of the text, while on others the initials are so weak in color as to leave the appearance of a hole in the reading matter. An illustration of the lack of tone har¬ mony between initial and text is shown in Fig. 10-A. Here the decorative letter is so strong in tone that it has nothing at all in keeping with the text. Instead of a harmony of tone, we have a violent contrast of black and white. In B, the use of a much lighter initial affords an almost perfect harmony of tone, and the initial seems really a part of the page. Short paragraphs at the beginning of an article or at a division where an initial is desirable, are frequently the cause of much trouble to the printer. The unsightly breaks made by the short lines, as shown in Fig. 11- A, are far from desirable, and the best results are attained where the first paragraph is of sufficient length to fill the space at the side of the letter and at least one full line underneath. In case, however, the beginning of the article or division consists of short paragraphs, it is desirable to run them in, using the paragraph marks, as shown in B. This gives the desirable even tone around the initial and does away with the undesirable open places in the text. The word of which the initial letter is a part, or the word immediately following it, is usually set in capitals or small capitals. The former are generally used, but in a narrow measure, where the opportunities for pleasing spacing are limited, the latter may sometimes be prefer¬ able. Where the text is set in a gothic letter (commonly called the text letter) , however, it is preferable to dispense with the setting of the first word in all capitals, as the gothic capitals are heavy and complicated and their design suggests that they should not be used in solid words. In cases of this kind it is preferable to set the first word in lower-case, the same as the balance of the matter. If, however, one has a letter of the uncial character, such as the missal letter, it may be used in solid words with good effect, as it is more open and less complicated in design than the gothic capitals. There is no limit to decoration permissible and even desirable in initial letters, but for practical purposes this decoration should be kept within a fairly rectangular shape and not take the form of irregular, straggling lines. The latter make unsightly breaks in the text matter, and the initial letter which necessitates but one change of type- measure is greatly to be preferred. Where the page is surrounded by a decorative border THE first essential in commencing the study of this subject is to fix clearly in our minds just what proportion really is. Most of us feel vaguely that certain things A MOST of us feel vaguely that certain things are not in proportion, but of the real reason for this lack of pro¬ portion, or the remedy therefor, we are not C THE first essential in commencing the study of this subject is to fix clearly in our minds just what proportion really is. Most of us feel vaguely that certain things B MOST of us feel vaguely that certain things are not in proportion, but of the real reason for this lack of pro¬ portion, or the remedy therefor, we are not D Fig. 8. — ■ Illustrative of proper and improper spacing around initial letters. THE INLAND PRINTER 83 and the initial letter contains the same characteristics of design shown in this border the effect is doubly pleasing. In selecting decorative initials the printer should avoid those in which the letter proper is very far removed from far removed from the balance of the word that it seems a thing apart from the text. Everything considered, the initial letter is perhaps the most satisfactory medium of adding decoration to the N order to get on a working basis we must have a clear, simple definition of propor- tion- ^he ^rst essent,a* in ta*c'ns up t^le study this subject is to fix clearly in our minds just what proportion really is. A order to get on a working basis we must have a clear, simple definition of propor- tion The first essential in taking up the study of this ©>— -E» subject is to fix clearly in our minds just what proportion really is B UKtfo HE first essential in taking up t^ie study t^>s subject is to llliillf Mvfe dearly in our minds just what proportion really is. W e tain things are not in pro¬ portion, but of the real reason for this lack C first essential in taking up t^ie studV °* th,s subject is to JlfwBw clear*y in our m'nds iust what proportion really is. W e often feel vaguely that cer- — tam tbings are not in pro¬ portion, but of the real reason for this lack D Fig. 9. — Examples dealing with the alignment of the initial letter. HE first essential in taking up the study of this sub¬ ject is to fix clearly in our 1 minds just what propor¬ tion really is. We often _ _ feel vaguely that certain things are not in proportion, but of the A BHE first essential in taking up the study of this sub¬ ject is to fix clearly in our minds just what propor¬ tion really is. We often feel vaguely that certain things are not in proportion, but of the B Fig. 10. — A harmony of tone should be preserved between initial and text. HE health-seeker can here secure an ideal climate. This popular hotel is located in a most favorable spot. HE health-seeker can here secure an ideal climate. SPACES $0.43 .36 .33 .33 .33 .33 .33 .33 .30 .27 .27 .27 .27 .27 .27 .26 .23 .23 .23 .23 .23 .23 $0.30 .24 .21 .21 21 .21 .21 .21 6 8 to 10 Q 12 < 14 °To 36 $0.35 .25 .23 .23 .23 .23 .23 .23 $0.30 S .20 .20 .20 .20 $0.28 .21 .20 .20 .20 .20 .20 $0.27 .20 .20 .20 .20 .20 $0.26 .19 .18 .18 .18 .18 .18 .18 LUKENS TYPE MFG. CO. 238 North Fourth Street, - - Philadelphia, Pa. $5 to $15 Daily Income! AUTOMATIC PRINTING PRESS CO., Room 418, 167 Dearborn St., CHICAGO Result=Getters Blotters, Booklets, Mail Cards and Folders, for which we sup¬ ply monthly Two-Color Cuts town, are making good in twentv-five States. GET BUSY — Write To-day. FRANK ARMSTRONG ADV. CO., DES MOINES, IOWA. A SURE WINNER THE GLOBE SPECIAL MACHINERY CO. JOS. E. SMYTH, Pres. Manufacturers of PRINTERS’, BOOKBINDERS’ AND ELECTROTYPERS’ MACHINERY Machinery Rebuilt and Repaired. Day and night force. No delays. Telephone, Expert mechanics. Monroe 456. 1 1 = 19 South Jefferson Street, CHICAGO. SUMMER ROLLERS CINCINNATI, OHIO. We use the latest up-to-date GATLING GUN system in casting, with the finest steel moulds, and make solid, perfect rollers by the best formulas. Established 1868. Cincinnati is sufficier address in writing or shipping. EMBOSSING IS EASY If you use STEWART’S EMBOSSING BOARD. Simple, economical, durable. Sheets, 6x9 inches. $1.00 a Dozen, postpaid. The Inland Printer Co., 130 Sherman St., Chicago. SETS TO PICAS Instantly and Accurately Costs fifty cents less than any similar stick, and but a trifle more than the old style set-by-guess, never-twice-alike sticks. IK'Dica-sticK . I X H B ROUSE & CO.CHICACO 11 $20022 TO BE GIVEN AWAY to some printer for a diagram showing the best possible arrangement of a printing plant. A large firm of printers is erecting a new building for its own use and desiring to arrange its equipment to the best advan¬ tage, offers a prize of $200 for the best suggestion. The plant is to occupy but one floor. The contest opens April 1 and closes April 30. To get full information send 20c for the April number of The American Printer. None free. Particulars of the contest will appear in May and announce¬ ment of the award will be made in June number. The three will be sent for SOc. The American Printer is a beautifully illustrated monthly magazine for all those engaged in the printing and allied trades. None should be without it. Oswald Publishing Company 25 City Hall Place, New York is the same as the well-known Rouse Job Stick, except that it sets to picas only. It can be used in setting at least 95 per cent of the usual run of work. SIZES AND PRICES You can’t afford to be without these sticks. You’re sure to get them some time; why not now — to-day f Mailed to any address on receipt of price. SOLD BY DEALERS EVERYWHERE MADE ONLY BY H. B. ROUSE & CO. 61-63 Ward St., CHICAGO, U.S.A. The Composing-Stick People. 123 600 ADVERTISING CUTS In one and two colors to fit every line of business. Every one a real "order puller" — and they are what you want right now for your blotters, mail¬ ing cards, folders, etc. A suggestion with each cut to help you prepare your copy. THE HERRICK CUT BOOKS (FIVE numbers) show these cuts and will be sent only to business Money back ifyou'r , order of $5.00 or ov itisfied, or Send 75c. to-das THE HERRICK PRESS Makers of Drawings of all kinds 931 Fine Arts Bldg., CHICAGO TheresaDemand For Commercial Stationery of the Finest Character Steel Die Embossing Supplies a Tone of Refinement and Satisfies the Most Discriminating If you are not our Local Agent, we can supply you with samples and prices. The local printers throughout the country are sending in their orders. Let us handle your Steel Die Embossing and Copperplate Engraving Get Our Plans JVm. Freund & Sons (Established 1865) 45-47-49 Randolph St., Chicago, Ill. Wasted Millions in the print shop. How? Why? Our new beautiful pamphlet tells you. It’s free Universal Automatic Type- Casting Machine Company CHICAGO More than thirty years’ experience in building Photo - Engraving Electrotyping and Stereotyping Machinery enables us to offer the most improved line of Printers’ Plate-making Machinery. We also handle a full and complete line of Photo-Engravers’ Material and Supplies, including Chemicals. Our 1909 Catalogue for Photo-Engravers is now ready. WILLI AMS- LLOYD MACHINERY CO. Headquarters for Photo - Engravers’ Supplies 337 Dearborn St., CHICAGO UNITED PRINTING MACHINERY COMPANY 12 Spruce Street, New York 246 Summer Street, Boston 124 Shipping Tags Merchants and Manufacturers are more alive to-day than ever before regarding the importance of the quality of Shipping Tag used in their establishments. They realize that, apart from the dependence placed upon the Tags to deliver the goods safely, the Tags themselves have a distinctive advertising value. Dennison’s Shipping Tags have always been the standard by which other Tags are judged. Study the illustrations and note that the word “ Dennison’s” appears on every Tag of whatever quality. The different qualities are described below : Heavy Manila stock, good strength, perfect writing surface, medium price. Made of best imported cloth, reinforced brass eyelet, perfect writing surface. Indispensable for shipping articles exposed to prolonged use, moisture or the elements. “PC” “Standard Colored ” Tag Every printer will find it to his best interests to supply Dennison’s Tags to his patrons. Dennison’s Tags hold old customers and secure new ones. For samples, information and prices address the ®eiuii60H dMaiiufaduiiiij dompaii]} The Tag Makers BOSTON 26 Franklin St. CHICAGO 25 Randolph.St. NEW YORK 15 John St. Uptown Store, Twenty-s PHILADELPHIA 1007 Chestnut St. ST. LOUIS 413 North 4th St. The Whitlock The Press whose Use means Profit Why? Because it is a Time-Saver — in making ready; in getting the forms on and off the press; in set¬ ting color; in getting the work out because of its high speed and smooth operation; in being ever ready for work — no breakdowns — no delays. Let us tell you about it. AGENCIES COVERING AMERICA AND EUROPE AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO. Chicago, St. Louis, Cleveland, Cincin¬ nati , Minneapolis, Kansas City , Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Dallas. Messrs. J. H. SCHROETER & BRO., 44 West Mitchell Street, Atlanta, Ga. Messrs. T. W. & C. B. SHERIDAN, io Johnson’s Court, Fleet St., London, E.C. The WHITLOCK PRINTING-PRESS MANUFACTURING COMPANY DERBY, CONN. NEW YORK, 23d Street and Broadway Fuller (Flatiron) Building BOSTON, 510 Weld Building, 176 Federal Street 126 The MILLER As it Stands The Single- Operation Machine Saw-Trimmer ^For Slug Cutting and Squaring of cuts ^ W''1' . " 1 ! ' wch^iio v. D. c. which are not needed ing cuts. Has the ime saw- and -trimmer, sliding table and point -set gauge, the same single operation” principle, the same structure, appearance and accuracy, but is simply limited in purpose to accomplish your two most-needed and labor-saving operations. / You see the price. It is what you have waited for. Get to us today with a request for the full story. ^ Miller Saw-Trimmer Company, Milwaukee ^ 127 Printer and Publisher is the Canadian printer’s local paper. It is the only printing journal in Canada and is the organ of the Canadian Press Association. You know the value of a local paper to the advertiser; you realize its direct benefits to the reader in keeping him fully informed on what is going on in his own locality. Every month ~ ublfekei* goes to all parts of Canada from coast to coast, covering the en¬ tire field. With its news of the month in gos¬ sipy form and various useful features, which make it a practical aid to the printer, its advantages to the adver¬ tiser who wants to cover the Canadian field and do it thoroughly can not be questioned. Send for rate card and further information Published every month in Toronto, Montreal, Winnipeg BRITE-LITEi Standard Point System Labor=saving Furniture A big money-saver for up-to-date printers — saves on first cost; saves in time in composing-room; saves weight on press beds ; saves money in long run, as it is an investment, not an expense; having the same tensile strength as cast iron it will last a lifetime. FURNITURE is made of an aluminum alloy, making it light, rigid, strong and hard. It will not rust or corrode, It weighs forty per cent less than cast iron and one- third the weight of the old-fashioned metal furniture. Because of our splendid equipment for its manu¬ facture the cost per square inch is practically the same as ordinary metal furniture and twenty per cent less than cast iron, at the same time insuring absolute accuracy, with less than 1-1000 inch variation. Printers will lose money by not equipping with it at once. For register work, headings, tabular work and anything demanding accuracy Brite-Lite Furniture will be found unexcelled, and its ex¬ tremely reasonable cost makes it the only furniture for even the cheapest work. Every piece bears the name Brite-Lite and we guarantee every piece to be as represented. SEND FOR SAMPLE TO-DAY Sold by all Responsible Dealers MANUFACTURED BY A. F. WANNER & CO. 340-342 DEARBORN STREET CHICAGO, ILL. 128 The Simplest and Most Durable IS THE Crawley Bundling Press This Press will p?~ove to you that it is the Best In use in twenty-seven States of the United States District of Columbia Canada England Australia Philippine Islands India Descriptive Circular for the asking The Crawley Book Machinery Company NEWPORT, KENTUCKY, U.S.A. 129 IF YOU KNEW /from cvc/tued experi o ec e -thevfc INLANDWALTON [GRAYING COMPANY were t urrdeg out the bei5t Engravings obtainable amd that their service was absolutely msurpa&sed would yo\l hesitate to place your orders with then\. TRY ONCE AND BE CONVINCED The Inland -Walton Engraving Go. OFUGINATOR,fi OF TO TN Eli iS lao - 130 iS H E R.MA PsT iST . chi o x o o 130 Uncle Sam says We Can’t On account of a decision of the postoffice department affecting our advertising plans, we are obliged to postpone the publication of the first business building suggestion which we promised to put before the printing trade in this number. It will appear just as soon as we can rearrange our adver¬ tising in a manner that will be satisfactory to Uncle Sam. In the meantime, we are busy keeping up the quality of Buckeye Cover and that quality is so high in comparison with the price at which Buckeye Cover is sold, that you are losing money every day you continue in the printing business without taking steps to become “ Buckeye Wise.” Buckeye is made in every popular tint and shade from pure white to jet black; every color is made in three finishes; every finish is made in three weights. Buckeye bulks thick, folds easily, takes ink perfectly, has an affinity for paste, embosses as a well-made cover should. Buckeye is better cover than any other mill makes at anywhere near the price. Buckeye is better for more purposes than any other paper on the market regardless of price. Some jobbers sell Buckeye Cover under other names. Sample book and address of the nearest for your name on a postal. The Beckett Paper Company Makers of Good Paper in Hamilton, Ohio, since 1848 131 Fastest Presses in the If /r or Id! HIGH-SPEED GOSS STRAIGHTLINE Go and see them at the Times-Star , Cincinnati, Ohio. Cutting and folding at marvelous speed accomplished by entirely new folding devices lately patented and solely owned by THE GOSS PRINTING PRESS CO. These valuable improvements Press can be Plated without removing rollers. . 7 j • • 7 Patented Ink Fountain, adjusting screws all at end of fountain. in addition to Speed t All Roller Sockets automatically locked. Positively can not cut ribbons upon collecting. Design and Construction positively prevent breaking of webs. HIGH-SPEED “GOSS” SEXTUPLE STRAIGHTLINE Not merely an advertisement, but demonstrated daily by presses in actual operation at the Cincinnati Times-Star. THE ONLY SEXTUPLE PRESSES IN THE WORLD PRINTING A DAILY NEWSPAPER AT THE FOLLOWING MARVELOUS SPEED 72,000 papers per hour of four, six, eight, ten or twelve pages. 54,000 papers per hour of sixteen pages. 36,000 papers per hour of fourteen, eighteen, twenty, twenty-two or twenty-four pages. 18,000 papers per hour of twenty-eight or thirty-two pages. ===== PATENTED AND MANUFACTURED BY- - - - - - THE GOSS PRINTING PRESS CO. CHICAGO NEW YORK CITY Main Office and Factory, i6th St. and Ashland Ave. Metropolitan Building, No. I Madison Avenue LONDON — 90 Fleet Street 132 The Fuchs & Lang Mfg. Co. Machinery 29 Warren Street : : : NEW YORK 328 Dearborn Street : : : CHICAGO 150 N. Fourth Street. PHILADELPHIA 44 High Street : : : : : BOSTON Factory : : : RUTHERFORD, N. J. Supplies for Lithographers and Printers Emmerich & Vonderlehr Machinery The McKinley Perfection Distributing Roller IF YOU HAVE NOT TRIED ONE, LET US SEND YOU ONE ON THIRTY DAYS’ TRIAL A FEW TESTIMONIALS fcti have 311 their presses fi MANUFACTURERS OF HIGH-GRADE PRINTING INKS CARTWRIGHT Automatic Job Press Prints 4,000 to 10,000 Impressions per Hour Quality of work guaranteed the Best Flat Bed : Flat Platen Automatic Sheet Feed Automatic Roll Feed and Hand Feed Interchangeable in a Few Minutes Instantaneous Impression Adjustment Saves Over Half the Cost of Make - Ready Perfect Ink Distribution QUALITY OF PRODUCT at high speed guaranteed to be absolutely second to none. ACCURATE REGISTER of the press is assured by the square and rigid impression of the bed and platen, which are always parallel while the press is SIMPLE IN MECHANISM— Any intelligent pressman can operate it after a few hours instruction. SUBSTANTIAL CONSTRUCTION- Well adapted for embossing or any work requiring a heavy impression. And Other Advantages Never Before Possible in a Platen Press. THE CARTWRIGHT PRESS is a complete revolution in Printing-Press construction and has been spoken of by experts as the only platen press built on absolutely accurate mechanical principles. It has no “scissor,” “hinge” or “clam¬ shell” movement. <| The bed and platen are always parallel while the press is in operation, except when the hand-feed is in use, and then the platen is lifted to receive the sheet. The impression is absolutely rigid and there is no chance for slur. Speed is obtained by reducing all reciprocating movements to a minimum and using rotary movements wherever possible. Practically the only reciproca¬ ting movement is in the impression. The highest quality of work can be produced at a speed of 4,000 to 10,000 impres¬ sions per hour, according to size of press. The rollers pass over the form and around on an ink drum describing a rotary movement. CJ Throughout, the construction is very simple, in fact the “Cartwright” is as simple as a “Gordon.” The Cartwright Automatic Press Company SALES OFFICES WORLD BUILDING : : : : NEW YORK 134 Of course you want Impressive Stationery , and you want it at CONSTRUCTION \/ Best at the Price BOND usably price Every successful man knows the busi¬ ness building value of impressive station¬ ery. The problem is to get the impressive quality at a price that permits its unlim¬ ited use. Construction Bond solves the problem. It has the qualities that get business. It is sold in case lots only, direct to respon¬ sible printers and lithographers, never through jobbers. Because of its quality and this economical method of distribu¬ tion, it has become the Standard of Value in Business Correspondence Paper. It Makes Impressive Stationery at a Usable Price You need it and you can afford it in your business. Ask any high grade printer or lithographer for Construction Bond and if you have any difficulty write us on your business letterhead for samples of all E. WROE & CO. weights, colors and finishes. We will tell you a printer and lithographer who will supply you. Write 306 Michigan Boulevard Chicago now if you want to. No postals, please. To Printers and Lithographers The above advertisement is appearing in April issues of System , World'1 s Work , Outlook , Review of Reviews, Business Philosopher, Profitable Advertising, Literary Digest and Life. Read the advertisement yourself. Every month we tell this story of “Impressive Stationery at a Usable Price” to over a million important business men who read these publications. And month by month the sales of Construction Bond continue to increase. The reason is evident: the paper has the qualities, and we prove to the consumer that the method of distribu¬ tion insures his money’’ s worth. If you are interested in getting your money’s worth in Bond and Writing Papers send for the April issue of Wroes Writings Wroe’s Writings is a monthly house organ sent free to all the printers and lithographers we know about who are able to buy writing papers in case lots. It aims to show the advantages to the printer and lithog¬ rapher of buying direct from the mill agent in case lots and keeping in stock Bond and Writing Papers which irresponsible competitors can not obtain in single ream lots from a jobber. You see the point. There are ten other Bond and Writing Papers, each one the best at its price, ready for immediate shipment from Chicago in case lots only, direct from us to you. Continually up-to-date price¬ list of them in every issue of Wroe’s Writings, giving all sizes, weights, colors and finishes. Write now for a copy of the April issue which is itself a sample of Construction Bond. W. E. WROE & CO. Paper Mill Agents Warehouse Stocks 313 Michigan Boulevard Chicago 135 THE HUBER-HODGMAN PRINTING PRESS PRINT-SIDE.UP DELIVERY IN OPERATION A RE you going to buy a new press soon? The Huber-Hodgman is built for the first-class trade. With our splendid equipment we are prepared to furnish you a high-grade machine at a cost not to exceed the cheaper build. Won’t you give us an opportunity to show you the fine features in this press? The press will deliver the goods. It is the most rigid, lightest running, most durable and all-round satis¬ factory press built. Our new Pony is truly the press de luxe. No shoes or rack hangers; noiseless, four rollers, four tracks. The movement is unique. Powerful, durable and rigid, and with all the speed that can be used. Suitable for any class of work that can be done on any size press. If you will examine it you will be compelled to admit it is the best built. Let us have an interview. All we ask is a chance to show it. VAN ALLENS & BOUGHTON iy to 23 Rose St. and 1 33 IV illiam St., New York. Factory — Taunton, Mass. Agents, Pacific Coast, PACIFIC STATES TYPE FOUNDRY, 645 Battery Street, San Francisco, Cal. Agent, England, P. LAWRENCE PTG. MACHINERY CO., Ltd. 57 Shoe Lane, London, E. C. Western Office, 277 Dearborn Street, H. W. THORNTON, Manager, Telephone, Harrison 801. CHICAGO 136 ' LABOR- SAVING Kidder Machinery MONEY¬ MAKING Inventors’ Designers 9 Attention WE build to order some of the best machines in use by the printing and allied trades to-day. WE want more of this class of work. WE can do it, we believe (because of our unex¬ celled facilities) with every satisfaction for you. Get in touch with us. We Design and Build ROTARY PRINTING PRESSES For One, Two, Three, Four, Five and Six Color work, on one or both sides, delivering the work flat or folded as required. BED and PLATEN WEB FEED PRESSES For Ticket, Transfer, Check and all kinds of special or long-run printing. LABOR-SAVING AUTOMATIC Feeding Machines for Platen Presses. PRINTERS’ ROUTING, SAW PAPER-SLITTING MACHINES For Paper Mills, Paper Box Makers, Paper Dealers, for the cutting and rewinding of paper in the roll for every class of work. PAPER CUTTERS, all sizes. SPECIAL MACHINERY built to order for all classes of printing. STEEL DIE POWER PRINTING and Embossing Presses. and TRIMMING MACHINES Kidder Press Co. Dover, N. H. Canada : The J. L. Morrison Co. Toronto NEW YORK OFFICE : 261 Broadway GIBBS-BROWER CO., Agents Great Britain: John Haddon & Co. London 137 AUTOMATIC PRINTING PRESSES OFRSPECI^mES Mail us samples or advise principal class of work— sizes and outfit desired and we will submit descriptive data of suitable style and size presses and quote prices. ADJUSTABLE PRESSES for duplicating, tripli¬ cating and loose-leaf forms, interleaving 1, 2, 3 or 4 webs of colored paper, numbering consecutively or in sets, perforating, etc., all automatically in one 944 to 948 Dorchester Avenue BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS The American Steel & Copper Plate Co 116 NASSAU STREET, NEW YORK HEADQUARTERS FOR PHOTO-ENGRAVERS’ SUPPLIES LAKE SUPERIOR COPPER SATIN FINISH BRAND Standard Dragons Blood Pink Topping Powder Russell Etching Powder .Perfection Etching and Film Inks Superior Charcoal Le Pages Clarified Glue Extra Quality Proving Inks Louis De Jongs Proving Papers Rubber Bound Bristle and Camels Hair Brushes FRAMES REQUISITE AND IDEAL PRINTING BRANCHES 97 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, E. C. 358 DEARBORN STREET LONDON, ENG. CHICAGO, ILL. Quality Quantity “tx ” Quietly Prouty Without effort or strain; results assured; profits inevitable and perfect satisfaction universally OBTAINABLE THROUGH ANY RELIABLE DEALER IANUFACTURED O Boston Printing Press & Machinery Co. 176 Federal Street, BOSTON, MASS. NEW Wing -Horton Mailer Some of the largest and most progressive publishers in this and foreign countries are adopting the WING- HORTON MAILER. There is a Reason ! Would it not pay you to investigate ? Full particulars supplied on request. CHAUNCEY WING, Manufacturer . . Greenfield, Mass. Our Rag Washer AMBITION BLACK - - €0 THERE’S AN ELEMENT OF LIFE IN IT AMBITION BLACK is a good ink. We make it good and we intend to keep it good. It does good work — work that will make your competitor hustle to beat it. There are many reasons why you should use AMBITION BLACK. A trial will disclose them. Made originally for S. & S. C. paper, but works just as well and looks just as good on any kind of paper. It’s a winner — it will help you to prosper. GET STARTED. ORDER IT TO-DAY. 40 CENTS PER POUND. KtKSu. THE JAENECKE PRINTING INK CO. Main Office and Works— NEWARK. N. J. CHICAGO Office — 351 Dearborn Street 40©o Per Pound 40©o Per Pound 139 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ “How Much Did the Job Cost , and What Was Your Profit ?” 4T the solicitation of numerous representative printing J-A houses of the United States and Canada, the Inland Printer Technical School announces the addition to its courses of study of a department of COST ACCOUNTING FOR PRINTERS The department is in charge of thoroughly experienced cost accountants, who have made a close study of this, the most important branch of the printing business. The Cost-Accounting Course is designed not only for employing printers, who desire to place their business on a sound commercial basis, but it is of the greatest benefit to the ambitious worker, because it shows him howto successfully handle costs. It shows him how to go into business for himself and make a success of it if he is properly prepared — and, inversely, it will show him clearly the dangers in the path, and deter him from engaging in business for himself on a cut-price basis. The whole subject of Cost Accounting, so far as it relates to the printing busi¬ ness, is covered by the Course. Among the subjects taught are: Bookkeeping for the Printer Average Costs by Totals Order Entry System Average Costs by Departments Cost Accumulating Stock Keeping Calculating and Recording Costs Perpetual Inventory Filing for Handy Reference Overhead Expenses Costs by Departments Department Expenses Costs of Completed Work Office and Selling Expenses Costs of Stock Work Proper Application of the Percentage Principle Inventory and How to Take It for Cost Purposes The Course of Cost Accounting for Printers may be taken personally or by correspondence. The value of the instruction is the same in either case, the Corre¬ spondence Course occupying a longer time. The fee includes individual instruction by expert accountants who are highly specialized in the printing business; copy for all books, blank forms, time tickets, etc., so that the student-printer can establish the system himself at once, and work it successfully. The system is very simple. It has been perfected after years of experiment. It has been tested and re-tested and has met with the approval of the best authorities in the printing business. The system we teach will enable any printer to tell instantly and definitely just where he stands without any guesswork. Method digests the matter that industry collects. Without it no business can be carried on successfully. Great success in life only comes to the very few — and they are invariably Men of Method. The Department of Cost Accounting provides a means whereby every printer can tell the condition of his business, and Where and How to give it New Life. COST DEPARTMENT, INLAND PRINTER TECHNICAL SCHOOL 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 140 141 AMERICAN LEAD AND RULE CUTTERS FORM A CLASS BY THEMSELVES Gauges adjust instantly and lock automatically to non¬ pareils — No. 30 also gauges to points. Permanently accurate. No slipping. No guessing. Quick, Sure and Accurate Results — that’s all. If you want the Best, you must get an AMERICAN. Made to both American and European (Didot) Systems. Sold by reputable Dealers throughout the World. : MADE ONLY BY - ■ - ■ ■ ■== CHICAGO, U. S. A. The BEST and LARGEST GERMAN TRADE JOURNAL for the PRINTING TRADES on the EUROPEAN CONTINENT inttfirim* Hurif- unh ilrmiintrluT PUBLICATION Devoted to the interests of Printers, Lithographers and kindred trades, with many artistic supplements. <1 Yearly Subscription for Foreign Countries, 14s.'9d. — post free. Sample Copy, Is. Irutarijpr Shtrlj- nnb ilpittkritrkrr 19 DENNEWITZ-STRASSE BERLIN, W. 57, GERMANY %\ American pressman A MONTHLY TECHNICAL TRADE JOURNAL WITH 20,000 SUBSCRIBERS Best medium for direct communication with the user and purchaser of Pressroom Machinery and Materials. ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR 802 -80S Lyric Theater Bldg., CINCINNATI, Ohio Ah raise mah voice ter sing Oct the Chalk= Plate habit money-making habit. It’s within your reach. The cheapest, best and quickest method of producing Chalk-Plate Cuts ; a straight and sim¬ ple system, easy to learn, without any lengthy and troublesome processes. In every State, news¬ papers use the Chalk- Plate system and find it inexpensive and satisfactory. Every printer and publisher should know about our Chalk-Plate outfits. HOKE ENGRAVING PLATE CO. 304 N. Third Street ST. LOUIS, MO. cuts and electrotypes can’t I riACt show good results without 1 1IC LICOl the use of really good Printers, Inks which fasten the cuts to the paper and are more important than the harness which connects horse and wagon. HUBER’S are the best, best working and best looking printing inks. Made from HUBER’S cele¬ brated colors and HUBER’S own best varnishes, scientifically and harmoniously combined, they will permit the printer to turn out the most and the best work that the press is capable of doing. Ask for catalogue. MANUFACTURER OF J. M. Huber Dry Colors, Pulp Color. Varnishes and Printing Inks 350 Dearborn Street - - CHICAGO JOHN MIEHLE, Jr., Manager ST. LOUIS 113-115 Vine Street 150 Worth Street and 3, 4, 5, 6 Mission Place, NEW YORK HUBER'S Colors in use since 1780 142 Full Equipments of the Latest and Most Improved ROLLER=MAKING MACHINERY FURNISHED A MODERN OUTFIT FOR LARGE PRINTERS JAMES ROWE 241=247 South Jefferson St., CHICAGO, ILL. Bausch & Lomb- Zeiss Apochromat Tessar This lens is the result of long years of experi¬ ence, in the production of lenses for Photo- Engraver’s use, and it is used by all leading three-color workers. Send for Catalog K. Bausch & lomb Optical (o. NEW YORK WASHINGTON CHICACO SAN FRANCISCO LONDON ROCHESTER.. NY PRANK FORT The Secret of Successful Advertising Lies in the Carefully Planned Campaign of Publicity SS35ESS “THE PSYCHOLOGY OF ADVERTISING” — -SSSESSmSS:"-* SPECIAL TO CARDBOARD BOX MAKERS A revelation in Box Wire Stitchers. None but them¬ selves can be their parallel. A full line of these won¬ derful stitchers now ready for delivery. All paper box makers specially invited to inspect them, f We are headquarters for all sizes of stitching wire of the best quality by the case or ton. Printed matter on application The J. L. Morrison Co. 143 WORTH STREET, NEW YORK CHICAGO LONDON TORONTO LEIPZIG, GERMANY 143 Common or Preferred “Common” or “Preferred” applies to Eledrotypes and Nickeltypes as well as docks. You have had experience with the common kind. No use to talk about them. The results from our ELECTROTYPES and NICKELTYPES are equal in printing qualities to the patterns from which they were made, without infliding injury upon the originals. Acme Electrotype Company 341 Dearborn Street, Chicago Single Adjustment Boston Wire Stitcher Turning the hand wheel, to gauge the thickness of the work, automatically adjusts all parts of the machine, instantly. This feature is possible only in the Boston Wire Stitcher American Type Founders Company 144 1 m ITU COURSE IN PRINTING H Conducted 6v the InCand Printer TechnicaC School under the direction of the / 7 ~T1. Commission on SupplememaC Trade education 120 130 SHERMAN STREET CHICAGO THOROUGHNESS OF INSTRUCTION Is the chief feature of the Course. The lessons of themselves are valu¬ able, but the principal merit of this trade educational effort lies in the quality and clearness of the advice given by the instruction department. The exercises of each student are gone over minutely and carefully by an instructor, who marks the faults, showing the right way, meantime dictating into a phonograph recorder — telling the student orally why the changes are made or suggested. The spoken words are transcribed and typewritten and returned to the student with the lesson. By this means students have practically what is equivalent to black-board demonstra¬ tions and oral instruction from the department. Students are requested to keep pads beside them, jot down any hap¬ penings that may interfere with their work, and send the slips to the Commission, which will give them the best advice at its command. These incidental comments of a few students show the quality and value of the work done by the instruction department : “ The criticisms are quite an education in themselves, and I shall keep all of them for future reference, as I realize their value. There have been several points already which I had thought little of throughout all my career as a printer.” “ I like your way of imparting information in your criticisms, and think a man who can’t profit by them has only himself to blame.” “ You are very thorough in your criticisms.” “ I am very much obliged to you for your useful criticism.” A Chicago student writes : “ I find the Course very interesting. Your instruction is so thorough, 1 don’t see how you can do it for the money you charge.” An excellent authority says : “ The compositor who does not take the Course is guilty of criminal negligence.” The price — $20 (5 per cent off for cash), $5 down and $5 a month till paid, with a rebate of $5 from the Union to each student who finishes the Course with ordinary diligence. For information, send a postal to THE I. T. U. COMMISSION 120 SHERMAN STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. 1-10 145 Web or Roll Disc Ruling Machine, with Cutting-Off Attach, | We manufacture all types of Disc Machines FIICK O K Paper- Ruling Machines and Ruling Pens Bookbinders 9 Machinery The W. O. HICKOK MFG. CO. HARRISBURG, PA., U. S. A. Established 1844 Incorporated 1886 PRIOR’S AUTOMATIC IHjoto locale SHOWS PROPORTION AT A GLANCE No figuring' — no chance for error. Will show exact proportion of any size photo or drawing— any size plate. SIMPLE — ACCURATE. Being transparent, may be placed upon proofs of cuts, etc., and number of square inches de¬ termined without figuring. Price, $2.00. Sent postpaid, on receipt of price, by The Inland Printer Co. Braining for printers By ERNEST KNAUFFT, Editor of The Art Student , and Director of the Chautauqua Society of Fine Arts. A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE ART OF DESIGNING and illustrating in connection with typography, containing complete instructions, fully illustrated, for the beginner as weU as the more advanced student, which will enable any one who has a desire to learn drawing, whether connected with the printing craft or not, to become as proficient in the art as it is possible to be through the study of books. Full cloth ; 240 pages ; over 100 illustrations. Price , . $2.00 THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY, 1 16 Nassau Street, a 120-130 Sherman St. New York x Chicago HOOLE MACHINE & ENGRAVING WORKS 29-33 Prospect Street ill Washington Street — — = BROOKLYN, N. Y. — HOOLE” Check End -Name Printing Machine A Job of 500 End Names can be set up and run off on the “HOOLE” Check End-Name Printing Machine at a cost of nine cents, and the work will equal that of the print¬ ing-press. Let us refer you to concerns who are getting the above results. End-Name, Numbering, Paging and Bookbinders’ Machinery and Finishing Tools of all kinds. ‘Inks with a World-wide Reputation” fKaat Sc lEljingrr (Srmattg Manufacturing Agents for the United States, Canada, Cuba and Mexico Charles Hellmuth The World Standard Three and Four Color Process Inks printing INKS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION DRY COLORS VARNISHES, Etc. NEW YORK 154-6-8 W. 18th Street Hellmuth Building CHICAGO 355-7-9 S. Clark Street Poole Bros. Building Bi-Tones that work clean from start to finish 146 Paper Cutter The' Reliance1 THE “Reliance” Lever Paper Cut¬ ter has the same shear cut, the same careful adjustments, the same rigidity, as the best power cutters. It is inferior to them only in COST and in SPEED. For more money you can buy a FASTER, but not a BETTER cutter. Write to-day for circular and price list; you’ll find them interesting. SOLD BY All Progressive Dealers YOU can’t always pick the best paper cutter by putting all com¬ petitors on a scale. It depends where the weight is and what it is. You don’t get the maximum of pounds when you buy a “Reliance” Lever Paper Cutter, but you do get the maximum of paper cutting abil¬ ity. It’s the only cutter we make; the best cutter anyone makes. MADE BY Paul Shniedewend & Co., Chicago To Know How You Stand is of importance to every printer. A cost system, simple, with no red tape, can be easily established in your print shop. Its workings will tell you every hour of the day your cost of operation and net profits, enabling you to figure on jobs intelligently. Once installed, this system need never be changed, no matter how your business grows. There Is No Use in Guesswork about your business. By arrangement with the Cost Depart¬ ment of the Inland Printer Technical School I am prepared to install personally in a limited number of printing offices this modern safeguard method. Full particulars on application to M. J. BECKETT Inland Printer Technical School 120-130 Sherman St., Chicago Dinse, Page Company Electrotypes Nickeltypes — AND = Stereotypes 429-437 LA SALLE ST. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS TELEPHONE, HARRISON 7185 147 MediU’s Patent AUTOMATIC REGISTER GAUGE. WHEN YOU HAVE THESE GAUGES YOU ARE AT THE TOP NOTCH. THIS IS WHAT COMES FROM A LEADING PRINTER: “The Megill Automatic Register Gauge arrived Detroit Sulphite Pulp & Paper Co. Makers of Papers of Strength DETROIT. MICHIGAN Cordage Document Manila Unusual strength and folding qualities. In stock. Basis: 24x36 — 100, 125, 165 and 200 lbs. Platine Tympan mXs.rea7y.in Stock sizes, in rolls, from 36 inches up. Basis: 24 x 36 — 80 lbs. Send for Samples. COVER AND BOOK PAPERS 210 MONROE STREET - - - CHICAGO THE NEW CARVER Automatic Stamping and Embossing Press <#> Users of our presses, who are in a position to know by comparison , say that our ma¬ chines are less likely to get out of order ; require the least repairing; yield more in a given time at a less cost, and produce a class and variety of work excelled by none. An investigation will prove it. C. R. Carver Company N. E. Cor. 15th and Lehigh Ave. PHILADELPHIA, PA. ■f MexicoCity and NewY 148 ELECTRIC DRIVE in the PRINTSHOP Gei IS ALWAYS READY, UNDER SURE CONTROL, QUIET, CLEAN and EFFICIENT Write for a copy of Bulletin No. 2294 FOR PRINTING BINDING ELECTROTYPING STEREOTYPING SPRAGUE ELECTRIC COMPANY ieral Offices : 527 W. 34th St.. City of New York Branch Offices : In Principal Cities IF YOU HAVE A JOB PRESS It’s all you need with which to use our PERFECT IMITATION TYPEWRITTEN LETTERS There’s a splendid chance in your locality to handle this work at a profit, with little or no extra expense. Our process is simple, no special apparatus required and no royalties to pay. produced when name and address are filled i Write us to-day for full particulars. Complete instruction book goes with each outfit. THE TYPERIBBON MFG. CO., 113-115 Sherman St., Chicago Peter Cooper’s Glues the standard by which all others are judged. You can get absolute reliability and uniformity backed by ninety years of leadership in our business. Let us tell you how. Write Now ? PETER COOPER’S GLUE FACTORY CHICAGO NEW YORK THE QUALITY OF PAPER used by the printer, as a general rule, indicates the character of his standing in his community. The printer can make or un¬ make his reputation by the use of poor or good quality of paper. The Danish Bond Quality is pre-eminently a fixed standard and the printer can use and recommend it for high-grade work for many commercial purposes. DANISH BOND is a leader among all bond papers — very strong and durable, carried in nine dis¬ tinctive colors and white. Sample sheet will be supplied by your nearest agent, or write to us direct. TILESTON & LIVERMORE CO., Boston, WILKINSON BROS. & CO., Philadelphia, F B. F BOND PAPER CO., Baltimore, Md. DWIGHT BROS. PAPER CO., Chicago, Ill., CENTRAL OHIO PAPER CO., Columbus, BARBER & ELLIS CO., Ltd., Toronto, Ont O. W. BRADLEY PAPER CO., St. Louis, A HUDSON VALLEY PAPER CO., Albany, I R. M. MEYERS & CO., Rochester m v CARPENTER PAPER CO., Oma CARTER, RICE & CARPENTER . KANSAS CITY PAPER HOUSE, * E. C. PALMER & CO. New Orleans McCLELLAN PAPER CO.. Minnea BLAKE. MOFFIT & TOWNE. Los PACIFIC PAPER CO . Portland. Ore B. D. RISING PAPER COMPANY HOUSATONIC. BERKSHIRE COUNTY, MASS. Makers of the well-known Housatonic. Barrington and Danish Bond, Linen and Ledger Papers. 149 A Tool of Quality for the Particular Printer. 3f f THE MAN at the TYPE CASE f ■* should provide himself with a composing stick of accuracy, *- * comfort and durability. These requirements are met satis- J * factorily only by the j l Star Composing Stick. | % It is the one absolutely accurate and reliable stick. It is so *• £ far ahead of all others that competitors have not even attempted + * to imitate it. J ^ Glance at the many important features — but you should have J -K our pamphlet containing numerous unsolicited testimonials *- ^ from the foremost printers of the country. jf j “ It works on the point system. The milled serrations on the J * underside and the projections on the knee which engage them J -K are tapered to a point. Always sets true, even after long wear. *- ^ Easily and quickly set; can not slip or be wedged out of place ^ by tight spacing; its accuracy is not affected by jarring.” J * Drop a card to-day. We want you to know more about it. J * FOR SALE BY SUPPLY HOUSES GENERALLY * l The Star Tool Mfg. Co. * * 17 West Washington Street, SPRINGFIELD. OHIO, U.S.A. * -k Canadian Agent: E. ST. JOHN, 392 St. James Street, Montreal 3f ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★ The Tucker AUTOMATIC REGISTER GAGE PRESSES It will automatically pull each sheet to a perfect alignment, whether it is fed to it or not. The worst feeder in your pressroom can not help feeding to a perfect register independent of the speed of the press. Greatly increases the output. Is put on or taken off instantly; works with or without the gripper; is almost indestructible. Made in two sizes. PRICE = = = = = $5.00 FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS AND TUCKER FEEDER COMPANY Successors to Tucker Bros. Co. 1 Madison Avenue = = = = = = NEW YORK THE BEUSTER ELECTROTYPES Bear the ear-mark of “A Little Better than Expected. — In Unexcelled Service .” If you require high-grade reproductions, for high- grade printing, and are one of those “hard-to-suit” buyers of Electrotypes, we can satisfy the most exacting requirement. GOOD ELECTROTYPES AND QUICK SERVICE COST you NO MORE than the ordinary kind. It’s worth your while to investigate our facilities, and a visit by YOU to our plant will set aside any question. Special Automobile Service at your command. THE BEUSTER ELECTROTYPING COMPANY 371-375 Dearborn Street, Chicago, Ill. Phone, Harrison 2657. THE NEIF STATIONERS’ MAGAZINE Devoted exclusively to promoting the selling end of the retail stationery business Inland i>tatumrr 120-130 SHERMAN STREET, CHICAGO Edited and managed by the same efficien who control The Inland Printer , aided by s and most practical stationers in the t corps of men ome of the best country. DEPARTMENTS : Window Dressing Shelf and Counter Display Salesmanship Lettering for Stationers Stationers’ Advertising Stationery Store Management EIGHTY PAGES. FULLY ILLUSTRATED Subscription Rate .... $i.5operyear Send for sample copy, 15 cents Printers’ Patent Form Truck You need an i truck is wh; The saving of MASHEK MANUFACTURING COMPANY Eastern Agents — F. WESEL MANUFACTURING CO., 70-80 Cranberry Street, Boro, of Brooklyn, NEW YORK AMSTUTZ’ HAND-BOOK OF PHOTOENGRAVING Being an enlargement of and revision of Jenkins’ Manual of Photoengraving By N. S. AMSTUTZ With supplementary chapters on the Theory and Practice of Half-tone Colorwork by Frederick E. Ives and Stephen H. Horgan This is the most comprehensive and practical work on this subject ever published, and has received the endorsement of leading men in the craft Price , $3.00 prepaid I2°'Ic3HiScAcoSt- THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY "^EwToIr1 151 The Morse Adjustable Gage Pin MR. PLATEN PRESSMAN, and learn to use our FEED GAGE. Read what former United States Public Printer Benedict says about it : “ I have had an opportunity to examine the practical application of the Morse Gage Pin in the office of the Saratoga Daily Sun, a paper in which I hrtlrl a ti intf>rr>cf unH T Viaxrf* rtr» Vw=»eit 'i firm itt cfatimr tlvat it ic tVw=» era o-a rtin tViQt VtQQ PUPf rnmp linHpr inv r»hcf»r\7Q firm It Viac tn mv nprcmtol b-nr\\\r1_ Price, $2.00 per dozen; one-half dozen, $1.00. Mailed postage paid upon receipt of price. THE MORSE GAGE PIN COMPANY Ttr — Sb-H°^ The Robert Dick MAILER Combines the three great essentials to the publisher : SPEED — SIMPLICITY- DURABILITY. q Experts address with our machines 556 papers in one hour. SO SIMPLE a month’s practice will enable ANY operator to address 3,000 an hour. «J Manufactured in inch and half inch sizes from two to five inches. For further information, addre Rev, ROBERT DICK ESTATE - 139 W. Tupper St„ Buffalo, N. Y. Detroit Sulphite Pulp & Paper Co. Makers of Papers of Strength DETROIT, MICHIGAN Cordovan Bristols 13 colors. 22% x 28% — 120 lbs. In sealed packages of 100 sheets. Cordova Super Cover 8 colors. 22% x 28% — 80 lbs. Send for In sealed packages, 250 sheets. Samples. CH AS. BECK PAPER CO., Ltd., Philadelphia, Pa. BREHMER AUTOMATIC TIPPING MACHINE Brings the folded section and end sheet together accu¬ rately to register; gums and presses them, delivering on a table which drops automatically to receive the increasing pile. The uniformity and neatness of the work is pleasing and can not be approached by hand work. No finger¬ marks or surplus paste appear where not wanted. Can be used to face plates and illustrations with a tissue fly-leaf. With a low-priced girl feeder does more and neater work than a number of higher paid experienced hand¬ workers. Is extremely simple, noiseless and compact, occupying little more floor space than one bench-worker, using a nominal amount of power. Write for further details. 162 75^; ACCURACY SIMPLICITY DURABILITY BEST CONSTRUCTED MACHINE on the MARKET Price (five wheels), $14, less 5 per cent Model “A” pH 1 to 99999 rf I Jgp AMERICAN NUMBERING MACHINE CO. 291-295 Essex St., Brooklyn, NEW YORK. U.S. A. MJ.23J5 We make high-grade machines exclusively and main¬ tain only the highest standards. We design and construct Numbering Machines to suit any condition, and make a POSITIVE SLIDE LOCK LOCKED SIDE PLATES (No Screws) STEEL CASES TOOL STEEL DROP CIPHERS LOW PLUNGERS specialty of designing Numbering Heads for ’‘high-speed” presses of any make. No proposition too difficult and complicated problems are solicited. PRICES AS LOW AS ANY HIGH-GRADE STANDARD WILL PERMIT Read by British and Colonial Printers the World over. (Tbr Uritinh Printer Every issue contains information on trade matters by specialists. Reproductions in colors and monochrome showing modern methods of illustrating. All about New Machinery and Appli¬ ances. Trade notes form reliable guides to printers and allied traders. Specimens of jobwork form original designs for “lifting.” PUBLISHED BI-MONTHLY. $2 per Annum, post free. Specimen Copy sent on receipt oi 35 Cents. RAITHBY, LAWRENCE tr CO., Ltd. LEICESTER and LONDON ■ican Representative , A. O’Donoghue, 535 W. 125th St., NewYork side of Printing, but deals with 'ost free, $2 per annum. Dawbarn & Ward, Ltd., 6 Farringdon Ave., London, E. C. AMERICAN AGENTS: Messrs. Spon & Chamberlain, 123 Liberty Street, New York Uniform and High Speed for your presses is assured by using electric motor drive. Western Electric Motors can be brought up to speed quickly and are always under complete control. They will carry their full loads at a uniform speed and that speed may be made greater than that obtainable by any other form of drive. Our special Bulletin No. 2214 on “Power Equipment for Printing Offices” shows many applications. Write for it. 153 Book Form Business B O C package or loose cards. The local printer '■*** will find our system a quick seller with good profits. Don’t marvel how we can detach the cards and yet have perfectly smooth edges, but send for a sample tab and detach them one by one and see for yourself. When Peerless Patent Book Form Cards are manufactured solely by us under our patented process. Bound in books of twenty-five cards carried in genuine seal leather case specially made for the purpose. Tissue sheets are bound between the cards. Every card goes out of your hand absolutely perfect. Handsomely engraved, they represent all the skill and elegance of the engraver’s art. Our dealers’ proposition will interest you. Write now for samples. The John B. Wiggins Company SOLE MANUFACTURERS ENGRAVERS, PLATE PRINTERS, DIE EMBOSSERS 7-9 EAST ADAMS STREET - CHICAGO, U. S. A. Let Us Mail You Samples and prove to you with our f. o. b. prices that we can supply your print-shop with a thoroughly sanitary wiping rag at prices that will show you a saving. Washed and y Fumigated WIPING RAGS are of value to the printer because he does not run the risk of irregular fabrics, coarse strips, buttons, etc., but gets the clear, clean rag that can be used with satisfaction. The requirements of the printing plant, the engraver and the electrotyper demand Sanitary Wiping Rags. We can prove a saving if favored with a trial order. I. L. SCHEINMAN <3 CO. 38=40 Sherman St., DETROIT, MICH. ! It Prints “Typewritten” Letters ? The Multi-Copy Typewriter is a “Press” using ribbons instead of ink. It is specially adapted to printing offices as it uses standard type and accessories, and any compositor or feeder can do the work. \ Ten days trial allowed. SPECIAL OFFER to first buyer in each city. Circulars and samples of work mailed on request. } THE MULTI-COPY TYPEWRITER COMPANY $E£K£5£$rSl | 154 Reducol Compound Prevents offsetting and eliminates slip¬ sheeting. Prevents pulling and picking on coated paper. Keeps your rollers from heating. Can be used with Press or Litho Inks. ■ MANUFACTURED BY ■ INDIANA CHEMICAL COMPANY INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA . . = FOR SALE BY ■■ ■ “Made Like a Watch” it you without^ype: ssrs TYMPAN GAUGE SQUARE For quickly and accurately placing the gauge pins on a platen press Made of transparent celluloid, ruled in picas. By placing the square over the impression of the job on the tympan in the proper position, and marking with a pencil along the left and lower edges, the gauges can be placed correctly at once. Will save its cost in one day’s use. Twenty-five cents, postpaid to any address. THE INLAND PRINTER CO. 150 Sherman St., Chicago Commercial Advertising can be made attractive by the use of high-grade blotting papers — not the cheap, soft or common¬ appearing grade, but the quality that responds to artistic color and printing. The local printer can use our line of blotters in a thousand ways, as an examination of our complete line of samples will convince you. We give special attention to ABSORPTIVE PAPERS for manufacturing purposes. Let us send you a full line of the following samples : VIENNA MOIRE Blotting (in colors), and Plate THE ALBEMARLE PAPER MANUFACTURING CO. 155 OPENS WITH THE FOOT Ths Justrite Oily Waste Can For Printers, Engineers and Machine Shops EXAMINED and TESTED by the NATIONAL BOARD OF FIRE UNDERWRITERS, and Listed by their Consulting Engineers. ADVANTAGES of the JUSTRITE The Patented Foot Lever opening device is so convenient that it obviates all desire to block the cover open, thereby greatly increasing the efficiency of the JUSTRITE can over all others. This feature appeals to all users of oily waste or refuse cans. FOR SALE by leading printers’ supply houses and hardware dealers, or write us direct for circulars and prices. THE JUSTRITE COMPANY 218 Lake Street CHICAGO, U. S. A. The Oldest and Best Technical German Trade Journal for the Printing Trades of the World! ICmtatr -SEMI-MONTHLY PUBLICATION — SPECIAL WORKS FOR LITHOGRAPHERS, ETC. Album Litho — 26 parts in stock, 20 plates in black and color, $1.50 each part. American Commercial Specimens— three series, 24 plates in color, $3.50 each series. Treasure of Graphic Arts — 24 folio plates in color, $4.50. Treasure of Labels— the tiewest of labels— 15 plates in color, $3.00. “Figure Studies”— by Ferd Wiist— second series, 24 plates, $3.00. PUBLISHED BY JOSEF HEIM - - Vienna Vl./i Austria IF YOU WANT TO BUILD A TRADE WITH THE FRENCH PRINTERS SEND YOUR CATALOGUES AND TERMS TO THE FONDERIE CASLON (PARIS BRANCH) THE LEADING IMPORTERS OF AMERICAN MACHINERY FOR THE FRENCH PRINTING TRADE. (Shipping Agents: The American Express Company.) FONDERIE CASLON, 13. Rue Sainte Cecile. PARIS Think of the Waste through the continued use of the old Power Methods, as com¬ pared with the convenient and economical Electric Motor Power of to-day. Get Our Complete Catalogue The Peerless System of Motor Power ine reeriess ays will prove a large saving, s of Printing Machine, and is for any Press or g and is made for every known type designed to supply adequate power of Presses. 2 PRINTER can install, at a nominal 5 Generator System — a special type for t will produce perfect light free The Peerless Electric Co. Factory and General Office, WARREN, OHIO Photo - Engraver Blue-Printer Photographer QUALITY TIME PROFIT Quality means more business. Time-Saving means a larger output. Quality and Time- Saving at lower cost of production mean Profit. These may be attained by adding to your equipment one or more A-B lamps according to your needs ; the lamp especially designed to meet the require¬ ments of your art. Write for bulletins and further information. The Adams - Bagnall Electric Co. CLEVELAND, OHIO 156 FOR PRiNTERS Your Packages Advertise You! made to work iif the’sam^dfwc’tion^3’ ^ “ PEN AND PENCIL CARBONS For the printing trade. Adapted for all Manifold Forms, Order Books, Cash Sales Checks, Pen Manifold Books, etc., etc. Also all supplies for printing form letters, and typewriter ribbons to match. Mittag €^Volgex% Inc. PARK RIDGE, NEW JERSEY Whitmore Mfg. Co. HOLYOKE, MASS. MANUFACTURE BEST GRADES OF Surface Coated PAPERS AND CARD BOARD Especially adapted for Lithographing and Three-color W ork. Slade, Hipp & Meloy 139 Lake Street, CHICAGO BOOKBINDERS’ SUPPLIES PAPER BOX MAKERS’ SUPPLIES EGG CASES and FILLERS Straw Boards Auburn Cloth Board W. O. Davey & Sons’ Tar Board Wood Pulp and Jute Board “ Diamond S ” Cloth Board Interlaken Mills Book Cloth Imported and Domestic GLAZED PAPERS Quality Metals for printers are the kind Blatchford makes — Linotype, Monotype, Stereotype, etc., etc. E. W. Blatchford Co. CHICAGO, U. S. A. The B. A. Machine Works Repairing of Printers’ & Binders’ Machinery a specialty )-146 East Monroe St., 5th Floor , Central 502 CHICAGO CARBON BLACK Godfrey L. Cabot If in a hurry, r ATLAS ELECTROTYPE COMPANY We do electrotyping only, and give prompt service and best work. We can please you. Out-of-town work solicited. 76 to 82 Sherman St., Chicago OUR NEW IMPROVED Jftlms Are Guaranteed to Remain Transparent, are Deep and Do Not Smudge. ■ — — - Write for Catalogue ■■ = ®! )t amewan S&aHtnff Jlacfwe Co. 164-168 Rang St., Buffalo, N.Y., U.S.A. Economy Steel Tiering Machine Don’t work like a Horse and don’t work your stock-men that way either. Buy them an 157 TABLE OF CONTENTS-APRIL, 1909. BOOKS AND UTILITIES $ m i i 1 w. S8S Ullman’s Inks A toy pistol Is just as useful, just as good. As the latest improved revolver. Until you have to shoot to hit. ULLMAN’S INKS are not only The best for everyday use. But will not fail you At the critical moment When only the right ink Can save your job. At this time we call Your special attention to Our OFFSET PRESS INKS. Sigmund Ullman Co. New York Chicago Philadelphia 1 1 | W. §§? m A v f FOR | % SUPER- \ W GENERAL^ CALENDERED'; ‘ CATALOG PAPER % PUBLICATION EDITION AND CIRCULAR PRINTING EXCEPTIONAL QUALITY AT THE PRICE WRITE FOR PLAIN OR PRINTED SAMPLES DISTRIBUTORS OF “BUTLER BRANDS” Houston, Texas STANDARD PAPER COMPANY BENEDICT PAPER COMPANY SOUTHWESTERN PAPER COMPANY SOUTHWESTERN PAPER COMPANY - PACIFIC COAST PAPER COMPANY - SIERRA PAPER COMPANY - OAKLAND PAPER COMPANY - CENTRAL MICHIGAN PAPER COMPANY MUTUAL PAPER COMPANY - AMERICAN, TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY - AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE COMPANY (Export only)- NATlONAL PAPER & TYPE COMPANY - NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE COMPANY NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE COMPANY - J.W. BUTLER PAPER CO., CHICAGO 2-1 CUTTING MACHINES EXCLUSIVELY FOR PAPER, LITHOGRAPHS, BOOKS, BOXES, BOARD, CLOTH, TIN FOIL, LEATHER, ETC. The Oswego : The Brown & Carver : The Ontario One of the Ninety: OSWEGO DIE-CUTTING PRESS. Rigid and Quick Acting. Nine Sizes. DO YOU KNOW THAT AT OSWEGO there is an organization of experts who think of nothing else but cutting machines ; who, with the advantage of over a third of a century’s experi¬ ence, are devoting their entire energies to the problem of cutting accurately and with the least expenditure for power and within the minimum floor space any kind of material or manufacture? To do this there are NINETY different sizes and styles of OSWEGO Cutters, each one with several improvements on no other, and one of these NINETY OSIVEGO Cutters has features exactly adapted to your special needs. A constant study of the latest demands of the trade, not only in the United States but also in Europe, and the immediate adoption of any feature that increases the efficiency of these Cutters, insure your always having the advantage of the latest practices and the latest improvements whenever you buy a BROWN & CARVER or OSWEGO Cutter. Starting with a 16-inch OSWEGO Bench Cutter and going up to an 84-inch Automatic Clamp Cutter, these machines are made Automatic Clamp, Semi-Auto. Clamp, Hand Clamp, Small Power, Hand-Wheel Drive, Hand Lever, Bench Lever and Die- Cutting Presses, with many special production-increasing attachments, and are all generally in finished stock ready. Get in touch with us — you will be glad of it. The 1909 Catalog is a little different. OSWEGO MACHINE WORKS NIEL GRAY, JR., : : : : : PROPRIETOR OSWEGO, NEW YORK NEW YORK BRANCH, 150 Nassau Street CHICAGO BRANCH, 347 Dearborn Street Walter S. Timmis, Manager . J. M. Ives, Manager The only factory making Cutting Machines exclusively , and the only one making a complete line of Cutting Machines 162 R. HOE & CO.’S New and Improved Sextuple Newspaper Press RUNNING SPEED PER HOUR UP TO 80,000 PAPERS OF 4, 6, 8, 10 OR 12 PAGES 60,000 “ “ .... 16 40,000 “ “ 14, 18, 20, 22 OR 24 “ 20,000 “ “ 28 “ 32 “ WE MANUFACTURE OVER 100 DIFFERENT DESIGNS OF FRINTING MACHINES AND MAKE THEM HIGH OR LOW, WIDE OR NARROW, CONDENSED OR EXTENDED, RIGHT-ANGLE OR STRAIGHT LINE, FAST SPEED OR ORDINARY SPEED, AS BEST SUITS THE NEEDS OF OUR CUSTOMERS. THEY POSSESS NOT ONLY THE WELL-KNOWN QUALITIES OF STRENGTH AND DURABILITY WHICH HAVE ALWAYS DISTINGUISHED THE HOE FROM OTHER MACHINES, BUT ALSO EMBODY THE LATEST PRACTICAL IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING-PRESS CONSTRUCTION. THEY ALL HAVE THE RESERVE STRENGTH AND BACKBONE NECESSARY FOR HIGH SPEED AND LONG LIFE, AND ARE ALL CONSTRUCTED WITH A VIEW TO ANTICIPATING FUTURE REQUIREMENTS WHEN A GREATER OUTPUT BECOMES NECESSARY. LET US KNOW YOUR WANTS -WE HAVE THE BEST PRESS TO MEET THEM AND OUR LONG EXPERIENCE AND UNEQUALED FACILITIES ENABLE US TO GIVE THE BEST VALUE FOR THE MONEY PRINCIPAL OFFICES, 504-520 GRAND STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y. ALSO AT 7 WATER STREET 143 DEARBORN STREET 160 ST. JAMES STREET BOSTON, MASS. CHICAGO, ILL. MONTREAL, QUE. 8 RUE DE CHATEAUDUN PARIS, FRANCE 109 TO 112 BOROUGH ROAD LONDON, S. E„ ENG. 163 E. C. FULLER COMPANY SOLE SELLING AGENT FISHER BUILDING, CHICAGO 28 READE STREET, NEW YORK Fuller Manufacturing Company’s Specialties THE largest and best equipped Plant in the World for the manufacture of Automatic Feeders, Folding Machinery and Cutters. Thousands in daily operation. Write for descriptive catalogue 164 Smyth Manufacturing Company’s Specialties THE best constructed, the most satisfactory and the most profitable machines for the purposes for which they are designed. Write for descriptive catalogue E. C. FULLER COMPANY SOLE SELLING AGENT FISHER BUILDING, CHICAGO 28 READE STREET, NEW YORK 165 SHERIDAN’S Power Clamp Book Trimmer NEW YORK . . . 56-58 Duane Street CHICAGO .... 149 Franklin Street LONDON, 10 Johnson’s Court, Fleet Street A FAST MACHINE FOR FINE WORK Write for particulars and price T. W. & C. B. SHERIDAN CO. Paper Cutters and Bookbinders’ Machinery 166 The Peerless Carbon Black Co., Ltd., Pittsburgh, Pa. BINNEY & SMITH CO., Sole Selling Agents, 81-83 Fulton St., New York, N.Y. 63 Farringdon Street, London, E. C., England. 90 Rue Amelot, Paris, France. W. Kohnk, Kaufmannshaus 179, Hamburg, Germany. 167 When you have been sufficiently misled , by buying imitations of our product, drop us a line. Established 27 years ago. “Togo” Catalog Folder Made by Brown Folding Machine Company ERIE, PA., U. S. A. New York Agencies Chicago Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. 38 Park Row London, W. C., J. Collis & Sons, 355 Dearborn Street 42 Regent Square, Gray’s Inn Road The O N LY Way SHIS is the verdict of two || great Mail Order Houses after setting their intricate catalogues on the Linotype economically and profitably. The result obtained is a complete triumph for the slug over single type methods. Read fac-simile letters on the two following pages. warn Mergenthaler Linotype Company New York. Chicago, San Francisco, New Orleans 1*f - Established 1872 A MONTGOMERY WARD GEO. R. THORNE W« C.THORNE. Gen'l Manager CHICAGO AND KANSAS CITY Money and Transportation charges promptly re fan did Tor any goods not entirely satisfactory. IVe want customers at a distance to haute as many privileges as if they were m our store ORIGINATORS OF THE CATALOGUE BUSINESS Michigan Ave. Madison & Washington Sts. CHICAGO. THE KIND OF WORK Reduced facsimile of portion of page from Montgomery Ward & Co.’s catalogue. Composition done by Peterson Linotyping Company, Chicago. ' WARD & CO.’S CATALOGUE No. 77 K Read Front Vehicle Pages Reduced facsimile of portion of page from Sears, Roebuck & Co.’s catalogue. Composition done in their own plant on five Quick-Change Model 5 Linotypes. (THESE REPLACED AN ENTIRE MONOTYPE EQUIPMENT.) 760 A SELECT VARIETY OF PRETTY PATTERNS AND STYLES IN LITTLE FELLOWS’ WASH SUITS SSSSJf. JUSTTELLul Xe FACTS ARE STUBBORN THINGS Mr. Printer: You are undoubtedly planning for some new equipment this year. Are you going to install the kind which is soon to become obsolete or are you investigating modern methods and modern presses? The Harris press is just a little ahead of the times. It always has been. It always will be. This is the cause of its steady increase in popularity and the growth of the company from the smallest to one of the largest among printing and lithograph press builders. The Harris off-set press is what you need in your business. The Harris salesman is willing to tell you why. Are you willing to listen? The printer who does listen don’t regret it. Some of your competitors have beaten you to it. You can beat others. Don’t say to yourself: “I’ll write.” DO IT. THE HARRIS AUTOMATIC PRESS CO. CHICAGO OFFICE factory NEW YORK OFFICE Manhattan Building NILES, OHIO 1579 Fulton Four operation s at one_ and the_ same time. consequently great, saving^ of time and labor These machines are covered by U. S. Patents Nos. 761,496, 763,673, 768,461, 768,462, 768,463, 779,784, 783,206, 789,095, 828,665, 813,215, 846,923. Action has been commenced against Gullberg & Smith for making machines in infringe¬ ment of patent No. 761,496, covering the Detector or Caliper. Sellers and users of the infringing machines are also liable. WATCH THIS SPACE FOR A LABOR-SAVER TO BE PLACED ON MARKET BY US GEO. JUENGST & SONS CROTON FALLS. N. Y. 170 BARNHART BRXDS^ & SPINDLER, WESTERN AGENTS,^ 83^1 8^ MONROE £TREj^\ CHICAGO The Babcock Optimus The Babcock Optimus The Optimus gives an extraordinary output. This itself increases profits, because of the proportionally reduced expense, without the often impossible increase of prices. An old press, or an inferior one, cannot give the best in satisfaction or the most in profits on the hard and exacting work now demanded everywhere. We boast the ability of the Optimus on difficult work. It gives no bother in doing it. Just does what others claim to do. We offer seven of the most vaunted of these others, with their claims included, which we are just now replacing with Optimus machines for the better product and profits their owner required. They are not old; average use less than three years; one or two almost new; fine condition. Other evidence of Optimus superiority in speed and quality is open to you. The best is a personal trial. We are not afraid. With much to gain, are you? The more difficult your work the greater Optimus excellence will appear. You will give it regularly the heaviest forms, the closest register, the shortest time; and always will you give it the expensive forms from which long runs are wanted. And you won’t ask why after compar¬ isons are made; nor are we asking what machines you are running now. The Babcock Optimus 171 HAMILTON LABOR -SAVERS Two new low-priced additions to the line of Modernized Printing- office FURNITURE which should find a place in every office. Save the Expense of Installation in Thirty Days Why do all the new additions to the line of modernized Printing-office Furniture come from the Hamilton shop? The answer is, because the Hamilton Co. make a study of the requirements, originating and perfecting the articles in their line. We do not follow a path blazed by others or make a line of imitation furniture. This policy, pursued for a quarter of a century, has put us ALONE IN THE FIELD OF PRINTING-OFFICE FURNITURE. TYMPAN-PAPER CABINET The Jobber’s Quick Make-ready without proper tympan stock cut to size and kept conveniently arranged st first search for a suitable draw-sheet, and after he has found that, he n for suitable slip-sheet material, which must be cut to size with much waste of stock. All this waste can be saved when he has a suitable stock in proper grades, cut to size. It is estimated that one hour’s time on sily be saved in using these tympan-paper units in connection with job The individual u e made in proper size for lower shelf in any the press in propel _ _ inches wider than tl ifferent grades and thicknesi to fit the bed of the press. ts, which a slip-sheets. The thn > of paper k to fit standard 8x12, 10x15 lodated in the same units. The tally the length of the bed of r the partic The base is provided with a gauge-pin dr rnnection with units when arranged in pyrar he press outfit. wer. This base can t _ idal form, as shown in the illusti rhich should be with which it is its of each size tntly used LIST PRICES AND DIMENSIONS ^!d!nci£ S3E & V cornpa' WOOD TYPE THE HAMILTON MFG. CO. Main Office and Factories . . TWO RIVERS, WIS. ALL PROMINENT DEALERS SELL HAMILTON GOODS A valuable Line Gauge, graduated by picas and nonpareils, mailed free to every 172 “I HAVE TRIED THEM ALL and turned them down in favor of WILSON BLOCKS.” That was what one of America’s largest printers said. Wilson Blocks always stand up. They are time savers. Make up quickly to any size desired. Save make-ready and are practically indestructible. Made durably of iron and steel. Recent Large Purchasers — W. F. Hall Printing Co., Chicago, 20 sets; W. B. Conkey Company, Hammond, Ind., 20 sets; W. P. Dunn Co., Chicago, 5 sets, etc. Send for Catalogue that explains them fully. BRITE-LITE The Furniture You Want. Every practical printer has dreamed of just this thing. Labor-saving fur¬ niture that weighs no more than wood (one-third the weight of lead), has the strength of cast iron, and accuracy of type (less than .0001 inch variation). Cost about the same as lead furniture per square inch. Send for Circular and Free Samples to-day. “EXTREMELY USEFUL,” “ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY,” “A BIG MONEY MAKER,” is what users say of the HAMMER PAPER LIFT. Cut shows Lift loaded for a day’s run. With this machine practically all waste of stock from han¬ dling is avoided. Sheets are not crumpled, to say nothing of a guaranteed increase of 10 per cent from presses. A practical machine for progressive printers looking for increased profits. Make work easier for men. Price very moderate. Recent Purchasers — J. B. Savage, Cleveland, 3; American Printing Co., 2; Joseph Mack Printing Co., 2, both of Detroit; Archer Printing Co., Ft. Wayne, 2; Scribner Press, New York, 2; Manz Engraving Co., Chicago, 5, etc. MANUFACTURED AND FOR SALE BY A. F. WANNER & CO •» — — Deark°rn Street, Chicago, Ill. 173 THE CHAMBERS Paper Folding Machines Double -Sixteen Folder with Automatic Feeder An accurate machine of especial value on long edition work. Among several sizes our customers find No. 528 is adjustable for 90 per cent of all such work in ordinary binderies. The machine folds sheets from 40 x 54 to 1 9 x 26 inches, giving a folded page ranging from 10x13/2 to 4 3A x 6/2 inches. All desirable modern appliances. Accurate, reliable work guaranteed. Chambers Brothers Co. Fifty-second and Media Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Chicago Office : : : 59 West Jackson Boulevard 174 co^vxC ^85^ >^^ero-^ro^rt^.. C8i^ *\)\vcro-^roC!n^L, ^ fj # f| fj }J* |e £ *i (t» a a |c5? \t a |c 5? 1 2 ESTABLISHED 1830 <1 |J? 7b Trade: We beg to announce a new <2 .|Sq Coes Knife qvA-^p which we are selling as our “New Ou Process” Knife. We have been supplying this knife in its improved form for over a year to our largest customers with the best results. It is sold on our regular list at no advance in price. Following our established habit of raising quality to the customer at no extra expense to him. COES’ RECORDS First to use Micrometer in Knife work (1890). First to absolutely refuse to join the Trust (1893) . First to use special steels for paper work (1894). First to use a special package (I9°I) • First to print and sell by a “printed in figures” Price¬ list (1904). First to make first-class Knives, any kind (1830 to 1905). COES Is Always Best ! Same package. Same warrant. Ask us. i • o r> mc Lonng Coes & Co. DEPARTMENT COES WRENCH CO. Worcester, Massachusetts \ New York Office — G. V. ALLEN, 21 Murray Street Phone, 6366. Barclay fi IfPj b ?* ISPl b fi • 7 VPl C V. fl b ?! 1 fi s ?, ? I isp ! b Progress Shortens a JVorditzz^z^l to produce a high-grade bond paper and sell it at a low price — and stay in business. But progress in the methods of manufacture, without any change in the grade of raw materials, has eliminated a syllable from the word, and / -h 1 C \ f\C7 A} A -V) C Cl h / P f Quite the best exponent of what progress l-l IS 1 V (J CxJ 1 USS IU It/ • an(j invention have done for the paper industry and those who use high-grade stationery is found in (Sort bm ore Bond ( it has the crackle ) The best all-service bond paper produced to-day The Whitaker Paper Company CINCINNATI, OHIO, and NASHVILLE, TENN. BAY STATE PAPER COMPANY BOSTON, MASS., and NEW YORK, N. Y. rtwj u.w/3 ?Wj twj tWj tWj tWj tWJ THALMANN PRINTING INK CO. 176 ffljW MANUFACTURERS LETTER-PRESS and LITHOGRAPHIC CINCINNATI — NEW YORK CHICAGO • • - ST LOUIS BUFFALO * PHILADELPHIA SAN FRANCISCO • TORONTO HAVANA • CITY OF MEXICO BUENOS AIRES • LONDON inhdh mmn THE AULT & WIBOBG CO. DUPLEX. REMBRANDT BROWN. 941-22. A Direct and Positive Control The pressman or feeder will experience through the use of “The Kohler System ” a thoroughly punctual and reliable “start¬ ing,” “ stopping” and controlling device. “The Kohler System ” places the operator in absolute command of his press or machine, and at the same time makes mistakes in operation impossible. It is a great saving of time, protects the parts from wear, and greatly increases the production. The Progressive Printer Should Investigate This Wonderful Controller The above illustration shows the lever-switch type operating station for the controller — a simple device, inexpensive, free from complication ; better still-- fool-proof. Its great advantages are clearly explained in our bulletin. Suppose you act now. Send for complete descriptive illustrative matter. Remember, “The Kohler System” will meet the most exacting demands of every known form of machine which requires precise , accurate , instant and infallible control. Tell us the kind of machinery you use, its make and size, the voltage of your power circuit and the speed of your driving shaft, and we will send you a bulletin meeting your requirements. KOHLER BROTHERS NEW YORK OFFICE CHICAGO LONDON OFFICE 1 Madison Avenue Main Offices, 277 Dearborn Street 56 Ludgate Hill, E. C. 2-2 177 SAVE Your Power Shafting uses power all day long. With motors directly con¬ nected to each ma¬ chine you pay for only the power you actually use. The saving in a year’s time is well worth while. Our policy of speciali¬ zation has made the Automatic press driven by our Vo h. p. motor voith friction drive. Robbins & Myers 'STANDARD Motors (Direct Current , All Purposes , V30 to 15 H. P.) far superior to any other small motor on the market. We have a supply of motors of all types for printing shops on hand all the time at our factory and at the branch offices for immediate shipment. We have a consulting depart¬ ment for your power problems. Service free. Write us. THE ROBBINS t MYERS CO.. 1325-1425 Lagonda Avenue. Springfield, Ohio. Branches in NEW YORK, 145 Chambers St.; PHILADELPHIA, 1109 Arch St.; CHICAGO, 48 W. Jackson Blvd.; BOSTON, 176 Federal St. Agents in CLEVELAND, The W. R. Horning Co., 337 Frankfort Ave. N. W ; NEW ORLEANS, S. J . Stewart, 312 Carondelet St.; ST. LOUIS, E. C. Van Nort Electric Co.. Locust and nth Sts.; KANSAS CITY, Heath Electric Co.. 120 W. 13th St. DETROIT SULPHITE PULP & PAPER CO. Makers of Papers of Strength DETROIT : : : MICHIGAN Platine Tympan Specially prepared for Printers from Detroit Fibers STOCK SIZES IN ROLLS 36 inches up. Basis, 24 x 36 — 80 lbs. Samples upon application FOR SALE by LEADING JOBBERS Better Work — More Work A little improvement in the quality of your job press will make a big difference in the dividends earned. The operator can get out more and better work on a Challenge - Gordon than on any other machine. When you study the machine and watch it at work the reason is plain. That quiet precision of movement means accuracy in every part. The extra long dwell of the platen when open makes feeding easy at high speeds. Our new Challenge -Gordon booklet tells the why of it clearly and simply. Send for a copy. THE CHALLENGE MACHINERY CO., SKF.ttJK: Salesroom and Warehouse, 194-196 Fifth Avenue, CHICAGO. 178 NEWSPAPER and MAGAZINE PRESSES Taken in Trade for Improved Hoe Machines FOR. SALE AT LOW PRICES Goss Quadruple Press— Printing 4. 6, 8, 19, 12, 14 and 16 pages. Goss Three-roll Press-Printing 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20 and 24 pages. Goss Three-plate-wide Press— Printing 4, 6, 8 and 12 pages. Goss Single-roll Press— Printing 4 and 8 pages. Scott Sextuple Press-Printing 4, 6, 8,10,12, 14, 16, 18,20,22 and 24 pages. Scott Three-roll Press— Printing 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20 and 24 pages. Scott Single-roll Press— Printing 4 and 8 pages. Potter Two-roll Press-Printing 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 16 pages. Potter Single-roll Press- Printing 4 and 8 pages. Bullock Single-roll Press— Printing 4 and 8 pages. Cox Duplex Press— Printing 4, 6 and 8 pages. Cottrell Magazine Presses-For pages 9% x 6% inches. Cottrell Magazine Press— For pages MVaxlOVe inches. Let us know your requirements. We have the press to suit them. For prices and further particulars apply to RXJ ^ A 504-520 Grand St. • noe C O LO. NEW YORK 7 Water Street ------- BOSTON, MASS. 143 Dearborn Street ------ CHICAGO, ILL. 160 St. James Street ----- MONTREAL, QUE. 109 to 112 Borough Road - LONDON. S. E„ ENGLAND. 8 Rue de Chateaudun - . PARIS, FRANCE. Sprague Electric Round-type Motor ELECTRIC MOTORS of unusual serviceability. Our motors enable the printer to econ¬ omize in power, room, stock, light and time. They are used extensively by large and small printers. Let us send you a copy of Bulletin No. 2294. It may help you increase your business, write for a copy now SPRAGUE ELECTRIC COMPANY General Offices: 527 West 34th St., New York City BRANCH OFFICES: Chicago, St. Louis, Milwaukee, Boston, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Pittsburg, Atlanta, New Orleans, San Francisco, Seattle Latham’s Monitor Wire Stitchers The STANDARD for TWENTY YEARS Always up-to-date. Every new demand of the trade studied to give the greatest practical efficiency. THE MONITOR does the largest range of work; does it in the shortest time; does it right. New improved rigid table for saddle or flat work. The best wire-cutting device of any stitcher on the market to-day. Superior new feeding de¬ vice of the Monitor Pamphlet Stitchers — it’s worth investigation. Write for complete descriptive matter. No. 000 Monitor, capacity % inch to 2 inches No. 00 2 sheets to 1% inches No. 0 % inch to 1 % inches No. 1 2 sheets to % inch No. D4 “ 2 “ % “ No. 1 % “ 2 “ XA No. 2 2 “ “ % “ No. 2% 2 “ “ M “ No. 4 “ 2 “ M “ Manufacturers of 12 styles and sizes of Paper-Box Stitchers. MACHINERY FOR THE COMPLETE BINDERY <^|r MANUFACTURED BY LATHAM MACHINERY CO., 197-201 s. Canal St., Chicago NEW YORK ...... 8 Reade Street BOSTON . 220 Devonshire Street 179 We Make More Cylinder and Job Press Rollers for Chicago Printers Than Do All the Other :: Roller Makers Combined :: A few names of leading printers of Chicago, also the number of their presses on which our rollers are used exclusively: Rand, McNally & Co. . . 206 Presses American Colortype Co. . 51 “ Regan Printing House . 32 “ Armour Printing Works . 56 “ R. J. Kittredge & Co. . 49 “ W. B. Conkey Co. . . . 64 “ M. A. Donohue & Co. . . 33 “ Stromberg, Allen & Co. . 45 “ Poole Bros . . 106 “ Total, . 642 Presses The Buckie Printers’ Roller Co. Chicago St. Paul Detroit FORTIETH YEAR Established 1869 PEERLESS PROTECTION SEE THE NEW GEAR GUARD If you own a Peerless Job Press, send us the size and number and we will send you FREE one of these NEW GEAR GUARDS with brackets and screws. The Peerless Press is up-to-date and is for sale by principal dealers. Peerless Printing Press Company THE CRANSTON WORKS, 70 Jackson St. Palmyra , New York, U. S. A . Lieber's and A-B-C Fifth Edition Codes 181 Don’t Put Up with a Dull Knife You can sharpen your Machine Knives without taking the knife out of the machine, and with but a moment’s loss of time, if you use a Carborundum Knife Stone Keeps the knife in perfect condition, without danger of cutting the hand — (the groove protects the fingers). Stone is 4 inches in diameter, 1/4 inches thick; one side coarse for rough work, the other side fine for putting on keen, lasting edge. Price, $1.50, by mail, prepaid. Ask your dealer for Carborundum Sharpening Stones. Ask us for the Sharpening Stone Book. The Carborundum Company ^ NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y. d “ Better Than Ever ” New SELF-CLAMPING Cutter Triple-geared. No Single-geared Cutter has equal Durability or Strength. High-grade in every respect. Guaranteed Accurate, Strong and Fast. [ CATALOGUE AND PRICES ON APPLICATION | Child Acme Cutter Co. Manufacturing only Cutting Machines 620 Atlantic Avenue 1 a/t acc 184 Summer Street } - BOSTON, MASS. 41 Park Row - - - - NEW YORK, N. Y. 182 iflbialltr (i)itrrlai^ - : - (Patent No. 7*15,574.) torp of printing [H A TRUE STORY OF PAPER MAKING The Danger of Defective Plumbing Systems The Cost of Printing 79 The Art of Portrait Painting : By Charles Boyden HINTS ON MAKING READY The Trend of Modern Printing 21 Fig. 3. — A few of the more common forms of running heads. CENTAUR CUTTING MACHINE THE CENTAUR CUTTING MACHINE CO. NEW YORK =: CHICAGO « OMAHA Figure 1. R.-B - BROWN * Pre j B-T-HARRI.SON- -Secy _ M:T-DEWEY- Troaa Figum 2. 446 NORTH STREET u CENTAUR H CUTTING n MACHINE CENTAUR- CUTTING MACHINE -COMPANY NEW YORK Figure 8. President, - - Mrs. J. C. Taggart 1st Vice President - Mrs. L. L. Gray 2nd Vice President - Mrs. David Simpson Secretary - - Mrs. E. J. Roberts Treasurer - • Mrs. J. E.. Quay Regular Meeting First Thursday of each month Sabina lEtafiinnarg &nrirty Merger, am Urged to Attend These Meeungs. dip Hnilrb ^rpHbglerian (Eljurrl) lEaal (Dtfto. ignr-igna. VISITORS ARE. ALWAYS WELCOME. 1 1 "His pierced hand is pointed to the world for which He died. Carest thou not?’. He “THY KINGDOM COME*' whispers." President, - Mrs. L. L. Gray 1st Vice-Pres., Mrs. R. S. Chamberlin 2nd Vice-Pres., Mrs. C. F. Woods ICahiPs’ iEtammtarg £>ortPtg Hnltrb ^rrBbytrrian (Churrt) last falralinr. (j). 1309 ”®o Mr anb trarh all nations. Figure 4. Figubb 5. ISM M J. HARRISON, JOHNSON & COMPANY PRINTERS, BINDERS & BLANK BOOK MAKERS OUR BUSINESS IS FINE PRINTING, IF YOU ARE PLANNING A BOOKLET, ANNOUNCE¬ MENT, CIRCULAR OR ANY MATTER DESIGNED TO PROMOTE BUSINESS, CALL ON US m ■ m m m i » m H H H m » MIS m fVjg •£ coi> c £ o «, Uadervcar Spa* ii 11 SSiE «3s I JP* o , Modified Directoire Skirt *»» No. 1. — An example of proper contrast, good balance and effective panels. are the work of Vance R. Noe, of the Estherville (Iowa) Enterprise. No. 1, which in the original was six columns: wide, would be conceded by any critic as an excellent piece, of ad. composition; it is well balanced, has just the proper amount of white space, the headings in the various panels are well displayed, and the general effect is pleasing. Yet,, with all its good points, it would require the changing of but one line to place the ad. in the characterless class. That one line is “ Earl C. Bryant.” Suppose this were set. in the same size type as “ Suit Specials ” — it will be- easily recognized that the entire appearance of the ad. would be changed. But this ad. has another good feature,, the lack of which is often the cause of failure — it is prop¬ erly squared up. There is no long-line, short-line effect. This effect is one which is the hardest for the inexpe- THE INLAND PRINTER 249 rienced compositor to get away from. It requires study, practice and experience to acquire a knowledge of other arrangements which will obviate a difficulty of this kind when it is recognized. The other two ads. show additional examples of good contrast. In No. 2 the main line is, per¬ haps, a trifle larger than was necessary, but it is better to err in this way than the other. No. 3 is an evidence that black type is not always necessary to produce the same result, although here Mr. Noe might have used to advan- 1 Sale Starts J anuary 4, 1909 | [ These Prices Good Until January 30, 1909 Kingman’s January Shoe Sale I jggg 1 m. No. 2. — One strong line is often the making of an ad. tage one size larger type for his main line, “ Christmas Presents for Men and Boys.” Another package of ads., received from Arthur Simons, of Guelph, Ontario, illus¬ trates these points in good ad. display from the opposite standpoint. No. 4 shows an ad. with three display lines, all practically the same size. “ James Ramsey,” in both instances, should have been set in the same kind and size of type. The line which should have been brought out strong was “ Clearing Up Day.” No. 5 is the work of S. L. Bogasse, of Raleigh, North Carolina, and illustrates one of the disadvantages of the long-line, short-line ad. This ad. needs breaking up to secure the best effect, but I will not tell just how this could be done, as I shall prob¬ ably use this copy for our next ad.-setting contest. It is a difficult piece of work, and will furnish food for study. Nos. 4 and 5 do not represent the general character of ads. submitted by these two compositors, as the greater part of their work was commendable, but their tendency to err was along the lines indicated. No. 6 is a novelty in an illus¬ trated ad., submitted by Carl L. Johnson, of the Menomi¬ nee (Mich.) Herald-Leader. David G. Olwell, of the San Francisco Examiner, sends Nos. 7 and 8. The first is the copy received, and the second, the ad. as it was reset. No. 7 is unquestionably the best ad., and could be set in one-quarter the time. While the rulework in No. 8 is well executed, the ornamentation is in no way appropriate to a land ad., and detracts from, rather than strengthens, the effect. Twenty-five Years as Manager. — Dietrick Lamade completed his twenty-fifth year as general manager of Pennsylvania Grit in March, and the “ Grit Family ” ten¬ dered him a complimentary dinner in honor of the event. Under the guidance of Mr. Lamade, Grit has developed from a small beginning until it has become one of the larg¬ est and most remarkable and successful national weekly publications. In these twenty-five years its plant has grown from one small room to what is said to be the largest, most complete and best equipped printing-plant in the world exclusively occupied by a weekly newspaper. It was fitting that such a remarkable success should be com¬ memorated by a complimentary banquet to Mr. Lamade, and that the menu booklets, which were most elaborately printed, should be embellished with his portrait, a photo¬ graph of the entire “ Grit Family ” and a history- of the twenty-five years of development. An unusual piece of self-advertising was recently issued by the Danville (Ill.) Press-Democrat. It consisted of eight large leaves of heavy enameled stock, 19 by 25 inches, printed on one side only, enclosed in four pages of heavy brown cover-stock and tied together with a yellow cord. The title of this little (?) booklet was “The Men Behind,” and the contents consisted solely of thirty-six photographs of the Press-Democrat force, embellished with artists’ drawings. It was certainly a costly piece of work, and, added to the expense of producing, was 12 cents a copy for postage in circulating it. This was evi¬ dently issued to influence advertisers, and if so it was a lavish expenditure of money with hope of but small return, as prospective advertisers are more interested in the quan¬ tity and quality of the circulation of a newspaper than they are in its personnel. Spring Fashion Numbers. — When newspapers in cities of sixteen and twenty thousand people can issue “ Spring Fashion Numbers ” of from thirty-six to forty-six pages it shows a progressiveness worthy of exemplification by other publishers. The Illinois Courier, of Jacksonville, Illinois, published such a number last month, containing nearly one hundred columns of advertising, and the Winona (Minn.) Republican-Herald issued another about the same time with over two hundred columns of advertising. It may interest publishers to know that the reading matter for these large editions, together with large and timely illustrations, may be secured for a nominal cost in plate form. The articles and illustrations are so arranged that advertisements of various sizes may be inserted in the pages, and large and small cuts are also furnished for the illustration of the No. 3. — An effective ad., with¬ out the use of black type. 1 Cuclph's Ladies' Store |Tll°”“u JAMES RAMSEY. JAMES RAMSEY TbL^'“ | Guelph’s Ladies’ Store | No. 4. — Where the principal display line was not properly brought out. spring announcements of the advertisers. Easter is now past, but it is not a far cry to fall and fall openings, and the wide-awake publisher will lay his plans to take advan¬ tage of this opportunity to increase his profits. Daily Newspapers in China. — Dr. George A. Stuart, prominent in educational work in the Chinese empire, recently read a paper before the Shanghai Missionary Association on the “ Chinese Secular Press,” in which many interesting points were illustrated. According to Doctor Stuart, a well-established, Chinese-owned secular period¬ ical press can, as yet, scarcely be said to. exist, notwith¬ standing the fact that there are many newspapers in 250 THE INLAND PRINTER China. The vast majority of t and are being conducted by for The ordinary Chi- He is more stolid and indifferent to thing: pening beyond the range of his own pers than is the westerner. An affair that the £ pains about in order to be able to make £ be of only the slightest interest to the c changed, and, while as yet the best and most popular news¬ papers are those in the control of Europeans and Japanese, the day is not far distant when by virtue of sheer good qualities and worth the Chinese-owned, Chinese-managed, Chinese-edited newspaper will supersede all foreign-con- trolled papers. Doctor Stuart states that there is a wide field in China for an educational journal, a medical jour¬ nal and also one on mining and engineering. He is also of the opinion that a political review, admitting articles on governmental, commercial and fiscal problems, would have a wide reading and prove most useful at the present junc¬ ture. Newspaper Criticisms. — The following papers were received, together with requests for criticism, and brief THE EDITOR IN LITTLE. Last week the publisher of the Morrison New Era announced that he had reduced his subscription price to 10 cents for ten weeks. Then he got sick and went to bed and the office devil got out the paper. Ten cents for ten long weeks! Why, it would be cheap at $1 for one week! Here’s some: the press. The printing press has made presidents, killdq poets, furuih- ed bustles for bauties and pol- ishedjjgenioas with criticism. It has made the world get up at roll call every morning, given puples lungs of iron and voice of ateel. It has set the price of bu¬ shels of wheat, ane made the cu- ntry postoffice the glimmering goal of cuntry scribes. It curt¬ ailed the power of kings. It has made lawyers out of calliege presidents, but it cannot pe run to suit everybody, and the editor is a fool who tries. — exchange. Baptizing at Lela next Sunday Hillman and Chessher will sell your farmes’ — Perry (Okla.) Daily News. HIS SIGN DOWN. A disheveled man, much the worse for liquor, staggered out of a Maine “ speak-easy ” and laboriously propped him¬ self against the door. For a while he owlishly surveyed the passers-by. Suddenly his foot slipped and he collapsed in a heap on the sidewalk. A moment later he was snoring. A hurrying pedestrian paused, reflectively surveyed the fallen man for a few seconds, and then poked his head in the door. “ Oh, Frank,” he called. “ Frank. Come out here a minute.” Presently the proprietor of the joint, smoking a fat cigar, emerged. He blinked in the bright sunlight. “ Hello, Hud,” he said pleasantly. “ What’s up? ” Hud jerked his thumb toward the slumberer on the side¬ walk. “ Yer sign has fell down,” he explained, and briskly resumed his walk up-town. — Everybody’s Magazine. THE INLAND PRINTER 251 Written for The Inland Printer. DEFINITE PLANS FOR INCREASING CIRCULATION. NO. III. - BY 0. F. BYXBEE. SECURING SUBSCRIBERS WITHOUT PREMIUMS OR CONTESTS. BS an illustration of what may be accomplished in the way of building circulation without the aid of premiums or contests, a description of the results obtained by the Rockford (Ill.) Register -Gazette through systematic and tire¬ less efforts will be of interest. In some of its advertising matter the Register -Gazette describes itself as “ the only paper in Rockford that has not used a premium, voting contest or inducement of any kind to boost circulation in seven years, during which period it has steadily increased in circulation and business.” Pre¬ vious to 1903 it did use premiums as circulation getters, and used lots of them. When a solicitor left the office in the morning he almost required an express wagon to carry the various things that were offered. The premiums were given an exhaustive trial and the result of that trial is thus described by Mr. Elliott S. Bartlett, the Register-Gazette’s advertising manager : “We saw that we were getting the same old deadbeats, time after time — the kind of people who will contract to take a paper for the balance of their natural lives to get something for nothing — but they almost always managed to evade payment of subscription after the premium was received. So we required a payment on delivery of pre¬ mium of sufficient size to cover the cost of solicitation and premium. This worked better, but the class of subscribers obtained was not much better, and they were not of the permanent-reader type that every publisher wants.” After this experience the Register-Gazette went from one extreme to the other. It gave no premiums, no sample copies or inducements of any kind, but solicited subscrip¬ tions strictly on the merits of the paper ; and, further than that, it was very particular regarding the people it put on. It is as careful about accepting a subscription account as it is about an advertising account. Mr. Bartlett states that the management has always regarded colored people as poor pay and will not allow them to get in arrears. For its own protection the paper has compiled, from its past expe¬ rience, a good-sized “ deadbeat ” list, and in addition to this makes liberal use of a rating book published annually by the local merchants’ association, which it finds very reliable and of considerable help. In carrying out this policy the Register-Gazette has developed many minor helps. For instance, the carrier on the route where solicitors are at work receives a serially- numbered slip for each new subscriber, which he must have the subscriber sign, thus acknowledging the order and assuring the circulator that the carrier has found the right place to deliver the paper. To insure prompt attention on the carrier’s part, these slips are charged to the carrier at 5 cents each until they are returned with the signature. Every subscriber who sends in a “ stop ” order is called upon by a solicitor, and one who has never tried this way would be amazed at the big percentage of people who can be retained on the list. Many of these stops result from irregularities in carrier service, or provocation at some published article with which the subscriber does not agree, and a little tact will work wonders. The Register-Gazette devotes more attention to holding present subscribers than to getting new ones. This paper has a corps of solicitors out in the city and country constantly, and Mr. Bartlett states that while they would bring in more orders when premiums were used than they do now, still the premium orders would not “ stick ” as well, and really cost much more than straight orders. Without the expense of premiums the paper is enabled to spend more in its news room. In fact, the thought and expense devoted in this department is responsible for much of the paper’s success. It makes a particular feature of having a regular system of make-up — the social, sporting, telegraphic and local news are always in their proper places, so that they are easily found by the readers. Routes are watched carefully, and if the growth is not normal a man is sent over the route to see what is wrong. In describing the results of this continual campaign for EggTt Mackfmfo Sails Kcaigjgy-(5aztffo>l"i^ 1 circulation, Mr. Bartlett says : “ Financially we have benefited, and in both quantity and quality of circulation we are healthier than at any previous time. Last fall our competitors both conducted circulation campaigns, called ‘ Popularity Contests ’ — you, no doubt, are familiar with the idea: payment of a certain sum, by an old subscriber, secures so many votes, and four or five times as many votes are given if paid by a new subscriber. Four autos, eight pianos, scholarships, diamonds, watches, etc., to the amount of $13,000, were given away after a most strenuous cam¬ paign of eight weeks’ duration. We were considerably alarmed by their plans and announcements, but stood by our claim, that we were selling a big 10 cents’ worth of news every week to the people who wanted news, and that the local merchants were here to supply all other demands which were not in our line. We feel that the contest period was the real test of our circulation methods, and as our circulation showed a net gain of two hundred and forty-five subscribers during this storm period we think that our efforts have brought results. We tell advertisers that ours is a quality circulation, that our subscribers are not only subscribers, but readers. On January 1, 1909, the inventory 252 THE INLAND PRINTER of our total daily circulation showed an average of less than two weeks in arrears for each subscriber. To sum up the foregoing, our circulation idea is to print the best paper we can, and to sell it to every one who cares enough about it to pay his subscription regularly.” The experience of the Register-Gazette demonstrates what can be done in the way of maintaining and increasing circulation without the aid of premiums and contests, and it also demonstrates the kind of energetic campaign neces¬ sary to accomplish this result. There is no question but that subscribers can be secured by a direct appeal to the people on the merits of the paper, and the merits of the paper alone, but the desired result can not be attained by desultory work. The effort must be continual, determined and requires the cooperation of everybody in the editorial and business departments. Written for The Inland Printer. OVERHEARD ON THE NEWSPAPER. BY S. H. HORGAN. is a well-known society artist in New who got his first chance at newspaper under my direction. At that time he had mg been from the imperial guard in 1. One of his first assignments was to a portrait, for identification, of a richly id unknown girl, who had committed suicide in one of the most fashionable hotels. My parting instructions to him were to be particular about the color of the girl’s hair and eyes — to raise the eyelid of the corpse, if necessary, to find the precise color of her eyes. He came back and, in his military manner, stood “ at attention,” WI5L old owl lived in WHX an oak; M The more he heard the less he spoke; the less he spoke the more he heard. Why aren’t we all more like that bird ? ft North End Union, Boston s gg Itsssnnsumtsmunnssmtmusmfmmmumsfsmtmstfmtfmnnnntmti A well-arranged motto-card from the School of Printing, North End Union, Boston. Original in two colors SORRY FOR THE LION. As an illustration of the care that an actor must exert to so play his part as to sustain the purpose of the act and not subvert it, Wilton Lackaye, in the Sunday Magazine, tells the story of a tender-hearted little girl looking at a pic¬ ture of Daniel in the den of lions — she was a subscriber to the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, by the way. Suddenly she began to cry, and her mother said, “Are you crying for the poor prophet? ” “ No,” she said, “ I’m crying for that little lion over there in the corner. He isn’t going to get any.” A GOOD GUESS. Molly — “ What do you think will be the first thing Mr. Roosevelt will do in Africa? ” Coddle — “I think it will be to shoot the g off gnu.” — St. Louis Post-Dispatch. then took from his vest pocket a piece of paper, opened it and laid on my desk a beautiful blond curl from the fore¬ head of the corpse, adding seriously: “ Dey left alone me mid the corpse. I could you have brought one of her ears if you vanted it.” He was a pious reporter, a most unusual thing. But then he was from Ireland and not long enough here to be contaminated. He was reporting the labor troubles at a time when Parks and his housesmiths were on strike. At 6 p.m. he was passing one of the buildings where strike¬ breakers were at work. One of them lay dead on the side¬ walk after a small riot which the police had just quelled. The reporter, who was going through the police lines, saw the body, pulled out his watch, knelt down, and was over¬ heard to say: “May the Lord have mercy on your soul and forgive you your sins. You are too late for the evening editions, but I will give you a nice story in the morning.” THE INLAND PRINTER 253 THE CHINA BAPTIST PUBLICATION SOCIETY. Some interesting facts concerning the establishment and work of the China Baptist Publication Society, of Can¬ ton, have been contributed by Roy T. Cowles, superin¬ tendent of works. The last annual report of the society, which was organized in February, 1899, is printed on folded sheets of very thin native paper, and is bound in red cover-stock, loosely stitched with red thread. The style of binding is distinctively Chinese. The double leaf is necessary in purely Chinese books because of the thinness of the paper, and because only one leaf is printed at a time. The entire native process from manuscript to completed book may be briefly described as follows : not accomplished by such antiquated methods. The man¬ agement of the plant is in the hands of Mr. Cowles, who is an experienced and energetic American printer. From a very small beginning, coupled with most discouraging con¬ ditions, he has developed a well-organized printing-plant, employing over sixty men. The works are located on Shameen, the foreign concession of Canton. The accom¬ panying photograph of the working force gives a good idea of the class of Chinese employed. Nearly all of these men have been trained in the works. With a few unimportant exceptions, the entire equip¬ ment has been provided by American manufacturers, the photograph of the pressroom showing some of it. The First, the matter is carefully written on very thin paper just as it is to appear when printed. This sheet is pasted face downward on a smooth board made of specially selected wood, then the wood beneath the white portion of the paper is cut away sufficiently deep for the characters to stand out in relief. Both sides of the board are utilized. An expert workman cuts from four to five hundred characters in a day. In printing, the board is fastened on a low table, and a brush made of palm fiber is made to spread on the liquid, which is made from lampblack, water and rice flour. A sheet of paper is then adjusted over the board or “ block,” as it is called, and smoothed down with a planer made of palm fiber. The block yields a clear impression when new, but gradually becomes indistinct. A skilful workman can print from three thousand five hundred to four thousand leaves in a day. The bulk of the printing done by the society, however, is large Babcock and Optimus presses are in the background. The largest and, in fact, the only Brown & Carver power cutter in South China has recently been installed by the society, and substantial additions are contemplated as the business of the organization warrants. The Chinese Bap¬ tist Publication Society has a private power plant, fur¬ nishing power for running the machinery as well as cur¬ rent for electric lighting. It has a stereotyping plant and expects to instal a complete electrotyping and photoengra¬ ving equipment in the near future. The society makes its own type from new typecasting machines. Work has been commenced on the site for the new works, where a model printing-office will be erected. All the prin¬ cipal departments will be on one floor, in a building measur¬ ing 150 by 300 feet, which will accommodate upward of two hundred workmen. The report contains some interesting facts concerning 254 THE INLAND PRINTER the composing-room of the society. “ These rows of Chi¬ nese type-cases would be a hopeless maze to an American compositor,” says the report. “ In our main font, such as we use to print our True Light Monthly, we have more than SCENE IN PRESSROOM OF THE CHINA BAPTIST PUBLICATION SOCIETY. twelve thousand different type instead of a few tens of dif¬ ferent type that make up an American font. One of our compositors here will pick up almost instantly the Chinese type bearing the character representing any English word you may mention. Each Chinese type represents a com¬ plete word. It is not so difficult to set this type as you BOOK REVIEW This department is designed particularly for the review of technical publications pertaining to the printing industry. The Inland Printer Company will receive and transmit orders for any book or publication. A list of technical books kept in stock will be found in the advertising pages. “ The Parallel Course Drawing Books,” by C. S. Hammond and A. G. Hammond, recently published by D. C. Heath & Co., Boston, Massachusetts, are of unusual interest to the beginner in the study of drawing. While the books, a series of four, are based upon the pencil as the universal medium for drawing, they present parallel courses in pencil and brush, the various illustrations being done in both mediums. The books are replete with repro¬ ductions of pencil and brush drawings and studies in color, and are printed in gray instead of black in order that they may the more nearly resemble the original. The books are gotten up in an attractive manner, with very pleasing covers in colors. Important Book on Banking Problem. — Victor Mora- wetz, the distinguished lawyer and authority on corpora¬ tion law, has written a book which the Messrs. Harper, acting for The North American Review Publishing Com¬ pany, announce for publication, on “ The Banking and Currency Problem in the United States.” Mr. Morawetz is clearly of the opinion that extraordinary financial dis¬ turbances could be prevented by permanent safeguards might suppose, and the same amount of matter can be set just about as rapidly in Chinese as in English. The types justify themselves, for they are all the same size, and spaces are used only for purposes of display. We have over a hundred English book and job fonts, but we have only four fonts of Chinese type, because almost $1,000 is the price of a full font, which weighs about five hundred pounds.” against money stringencies and panics. His own plan is for cooperation between the banks and the Treasury — the establishment of a note-redemption fund, to be elastic with reference to the uncovered notes outstanding. This the author believes would give stability to financial institutions generally. Mr. Morawetz until last autumn was chairman of the board of directors of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad. THE INLAND PRINTER 255 Queries regarding process en^ravin^, and suggestions and experiences of engravers and printers are solicited for this de¬ partment. Our technical research laboratory is prepared to inves¬ tigate and report on matters submitted. For terms for this service address The Inland Printer Company, The New Copyright Law. — Every photoengraver and processworker should be acquainted with the provisions of the new copyright law, for it has to do with every reproduc¬ tion he makes. A want of knowledge of its provisions might involve suits for damages that would cost him his business. The new law was signed by President Roosevelt on March 4 last and will become operative on July 1 of this year, so that it would be well for those engaged in repro¬ ductive work to be acquainted with some of its require¬ ments. The writer takes pride in the fact that he alone, and in the columns of this department of The Inland Printer, has, for the past fifteen years, called attention to the injustice of the copyright law as it relates to photo¬ engravers. He was a sufferer from it himself. After inventing a method of intaglio engraving on copper or steel he was told by the publishers using such work, that they could have it done in Paris, Berlin or Vienna for a fraction of the price they would have to pay him in this country and, further, that the United States granted them a copyright just as if the work were done here. It was not so with lithography or printed matter, for both of those industries were protected by the copyright law, so that in the case of a lithograph it was necessary to do the work on stone and print it here in order to obtain copyright protec¬ tion. Type-matter had to be set and printed from in the United States to obtain a copyright, but the photoengra¬ ver’s product was deliberately ignored. The story was told over ten years ago in this department how Harper’s Bazar, for example, had its illustrations drawn, engraved and electrotyped abroad, then the electrotype shells were put through the custom-house as copper at so much a pound. These electrotype shells were later backed up with metal, mounted, printed from and United States copyright placed on the publication, so that an innocent photoengraver who happened to reproduce one of these foreign-made illustra¬ tions would have to pay $5,000 damages for it. The pub¬ licity given to the matter here attracted the attention of Mr. Hugh McAtamney, of Typographical Union No. 6, who went to the New York custom-house and had a stop put to entering electrotype shells as old copper. The new law has recognized the injustice and put a stop to it altogether. Photoengraving Under the New Copyright Law. — The new law comprises thirty-seven pages of printed mat¬ ter and is a puzzle even for lawyers who make a study of it. All that a photoengraver need know about it is given in the following extracts: Section 15 of the new law says that a printed book or periodical (including newspapers) in Eng¬ lish, shall be printed from type set within the limits of the United States, either by hand or by the aid of any kind of typesetting machine, or from plates (stereotype or electro) made within the limits of the United States from type set therein ; or, if the text be produced by lithographic process, or photoengraving process, then by a process wholly per¬ formed within the limits of the United States; and the printing of the text and the binding of the said book shall be performed within the limits of the United States; which requirements shall extend also to the illustrations within a book consisting of printed text and illustrations produced by lithographic process, or photoengraving process, and also to separate lithographs or photoengravings, except where in either case the subjects represented are located in a foreign country and illustrate a scientific work or reproduce a work of art. The giving of protection to all photo processwork is the new feature of the law. It will compel postal cards to be photoengraved and printed in this country in order to be protected by copyright, and it will also prevent foreign-made cards to enter this country when the same subject is being produced and copyrighted here. Some Dangerous Features of the New Copyright Law. — Section 41 of the new law begins : “ That the copy¬ right is distinct from the property in the material object copyrighted, and the sale or conveyance, by gift or other¬ wise, of the material object shall not of itself constitute a transfer of the copyright.” This means that one can buy or be presented with a painting, drawing, design or piece of plastic art and be liable to heavy damages for making a single copy of it. Care will have to be taken that the artist gives an assignment of copyright with each work of art. Another dangerous feature lies in the new notice of copy¬ right appearing on a photograph, for instance. Formerly the words, “ Copyright (the year) , by (the name of the pro¬ prietor),” was required to be placed on every photograph as a warning against reproduction. Under the new law all that is required on the photograph is a letter “ C ” enclosed in a circle, a mark so inconspicuous that it will likely lead to many suits of damages for infringement. The omission of the year in which the copyright was obtained is a serious flaw in the new law. But the worst feature of all is that it permits a child with a snap-shot camera to secure, on the accidental photographs thus obtained, the same protection as would the painter or sculptor of a great work of art. Processworkers Are Exposed to Loss. — Section 25 of the new copyright law thus specifies the fines which may be imposed for the reproduction of a copyrighted object without permission : “ In the case of a painting, statue, or sculpture, $10 for every infringing copy made or sold by or found in the possession of the infringer or his agents or employees. In the case of any other object reproduced the penalty is $1 for every infringing copy made or sold by or found in the possession of the infringer or his agents or employees. In the case of a newspaper reproduction of a copyrighted photograph the damages shall not exceed the sum of $200 nor be less than $50, and in no other case exceed the sum of $5,000 nor be less than the sum of $250.” Full costs are added in every case to the damages. Saw or Guillotine for Cutting Metal. — The British Journal of Photography has this to say about cutting up metal : “ The use of the ordinary circular saw to cut up metal for printing is open to two objections, namely, the excruciating noise when cutting and the burr left on the metal, which necessitates filing afterward. It is, however, often preferred to the guillotine, which makes no noise, and, so far from burring the metal, actually puts a slight bevel upon it. With a saw it is possible to cut out a piece of metal, while the guillotine must cut straight across any piece of metal put between its jaws, and it is therefore con¬ sidered to be wasteful, especially if the spare pieces of metal are allowed to knock about. This waste can, how- 256 THE INLAND PRINTER ever, be easily obviated by having a series of pigeonholes in which the strips of each-sized width of metal may be kept and found quickly when a small piece is wanted.” The principal trouble with the guillotine advocated by this greatest of photographic journals is, that it bends the edge of the metal plate for an inch away from the cut, so as to prevent contact in the printing-frame. There are in use in the United States several makes of powerful shears that cut metal without this objectionable bending of the edge. It also permits a flat of engravings to be cut apart without cutting across the plate. It is a valuable addition to an engraving plant, though the screeching saw can not be entirely dispensed with. Making Brass Signs. — Zatique Houle, Montreal, Can¬ ada, writes a long letter describing and asking an opinion on a method of making brass signs which he has invented, and which is entirely impracticable, so it is unworthy of publication here. One should not go into the business of brass-sign making unless one understands photoengraving — that is, zinc and copper etching — for the methods are similar, only that in making brass signs the print is made from a positive instead of a negative and the etching is much deeper. A camera is a necessary part of the outfit, for frequently the same design is reproduced in several sizes and the camera must be used to get the reductions and enlargements of the design. The positive is made from the negative by putting a sensitized wet plate behind the negative in the plateholder with a slight separation between the two plates, draw the slide and expose in the darkroom some distane away from a window that is opened and shut for a second or two. The printing on the brass plate is done on an enamel resist, and the etching is done with the chlorid of iron kept warm during the etching. The blackening of the etched parts of the brass is important. In my own practice for blackening brass diaphragms forty- grain solutions of nitrate of silver and nitrate of copper were made and then poured together. The brass dia¬ phragms, thoroughly cleaned, were dipped in this mixture and, when dry, heated until they became a deep dull black. The practice with brass-sign makers is to scrub the sign after etching with a stiff brush and whiting, after cleaning with potash to remove the enamel, then put it in a boiling solution of liver of sulphur, when the brass will become a deep black. Polish off the surface of the sign with fine wil¬ low charcoal, finishing with emery flour sprinkled on a flat board on which the sign is rubbed face down until polished. It is then cleaned of any loose emery with a soft cloth and varnished either with spirit varnish or celluloid varnish to keep the polished brass from tarnishing. Silver Paper and Blue-print Paper for Artists — “Artist,” St. Louis, asks: “ Will you please print in your next issue the best method of making silver paper and blue¬ print paper for reproduction purposes, as well as the best way of bleaching the prints after drawing on them? ” Answer. — For both purposes, it is essential that the paper to be sensitized is a good quality linen that will stand soak¬ ing in water without injury. There are such linen papers, known as “ Saxe ” and “ Rives,” also Whatman’s papers, and Clemons’ mat-surface paper, made expressly for the purpose of sensitizing with silver. Brighter prints are made by either method if the paper is coated first with boiled arrowroot, which keeps the image on the surface of the paper. In the case of paper to be sensitized with silver the arrowroot should be made decidedly salt, so that a chlorid of silver may be formed on the surface of the paper. If Clemons’ mat-surface paper is used this is already salted, so that all that is necessary is to swab upon the surface a solution of forty grains of nitrate of silver to the ounce of distilled water, and then dry it in a darkroom. The print on this paper should be made slightly darker than neces¬ sary. It is fixed in a solution of hyposulphite of soda, con¬ sisting of one ounce of hypo to six ounces of water. After drawing on it, it can be bleached with one ounce of bichlo- rid of mercury in eight ounces of water. The mercury should be washed well from the paper after bleaching, as it is one of the most fatal of poisons. It hardly pays one to make blue-print paper, as it can be purchased very cheaply from photo supply houses or from architects. Two solu¬ tions are made for this paper; one contains one ounce of potassium ferricyanid in two and one-half ounces of water and the other has one ounce of ammonia-citrate of iron in two and one-half ounces of water. Just before using, equal parts of these solutions are poured together and swabbed on the paper and dried in a darkroom. Prints on this paper are developed and fixed by merely washing with warm water to which a slight trace of carbonate of soda has been added. The simplest medium for bleaching these blue¬ prints is a solution of saleratus or bicarbonate of soda. Photographing Direct on the Metal Plate.— The English patent for the invention of Mr. Arthur Payne for exposing the metal plate in the camera and getting the image direct upon it has just been made public. It would require too much space to notice it here in full, but the principle is somewhat as follows: A polished metal plate is coated with a substratum of collodion, and on this the gelatin emulsion is coated just as in making dry plates. To get a positive half-tone image in the camera, the metal dry plate is exposed behind a half-tone screen to an ordi¬ nary negative of the subject to be engraved in half-tone. A glycin developer is used and the plate washed and fixed as is customary with a dry plate. The plate is then immersed for half a minute in the following bichromate solution, used at a temperature of 60° F.: Bichromate potassium crystals . % ounce Potash alum, crystals . , . 12 grains Distilled water . 12% ounces The plate is then rinsed with water and developed like a carbon print in hot water of a temperature of about 120° F., first allowing the film to soak in the water for a minute or two and then assisting the removal of the soluble portions of the film with a camel’s-hair brush or other means. The plate is then treated like an enamel-coated plate. It is put in a whirler, the surplus moisture driven off and the plate dried while whirling face down over a gas- stove. When the plate is cool the collodion substratum is removed from the portion to be etched by a mixture of alcohol and ether on cotton wool. The plate is then ready to be etched in the usual manner with perchlorid of iron. When a negative image is had on the metal plate, as when it is exposed to a positive copy, Mr. Payne has adopted a reversing process by which he changes the negative image into a positive before he developes the gelatin as a carbon print. As this invention is the most important one that has come in processwork in many years, it will be referred to many times in the future, and explained more fully when the writer has had personal experience in using the plates. GIRLS IS GIRLS. Pension Inquiry Officer — “ Have you ever been in the hands of the police? ” Applicant — “Well — er, sir, you see I used to be a cook! Girls will be girls! Besides,, it was a good many years ago, and he was a sergeant.”, — Punch. THE INLAND PRINTER 257 Written for The Inland Printer. ANOTHER OPPORTUNITY FOR PRINTERS. BT E. ST. JOHN. the Inland Printer Technical School and (ram International Typographical Union have included hand-lettering in their courses, it will become a common feature of printing, and ilSffS 91 “any offices will soon have their own letterers. This opens up to the average printer a most lucrative field of work, previously monopo¬ lized by the steel-die printer. We refer to work done on the finest embossed stationery and covers. When hand- of work, there is no question that a well-printed form, well embossed, looks better than the average steel-die job. If the latter is examined closely — with a glass, if the sight is not keen — it will be observed, in many cases, either that the print is broken or cracked or there is excessive color which is lumpy or the letters are blurred on the edges. Only occasionally is steel-die printing exempt from these imperfections. All such defects are missing in the better platen-press embossing. With respect to output, we find the printer, who must send his work twice through the press, is on equal terms with the steel-die printer that puts his through but once. Steel-die workers rarely average a thousand impressions per hour, though the presses are letterers can be had in the office in the persons of the com¬ positors the expense of the sketch is diminished, so that the printer can furnish it more cheaply than the artist. The printer can often obtain his dies from the engraver at a less cost than the steel-die printer. With respect to quality 2-7 rated as capable of eighteen hundred. Five hundred impressions per hour is a fair average. To equal this the printer must average a thousand impressions per hour, something most printers can do. Two operators are required to the steel-die press, only one good feeder to the 258 THE INLAND PRINTER platen jobber. Regarding the cost of the machine, there is no comparison between the costly, fast-wearing steel-die press and a platen jobber. All this being true, what prevents the printer from getting busy on fine embossed stationery and covers? Lack of self-confidence only, we imagine. There appears to be no better reason. Some printers are making money at it now and have been for years. Their names are well known, for this work commands attention and admiration. Noth¬ ing in printing or lithography is richer or finer in appear¬ ance. Let us suppose you have received an order for an embossed job, with instructions from the customer to fur¬ nish the best that money can buy. The first step is to have the more important lines hand-lettered. Then the subordi¬ nate lines may be set in type. A zinc plate of the hand¬ lettering is made, incorporated in the form and, after being 0. K.’d, the form is sent to press. A good impression is pulled for the engraver. There are many printers who do their own engraving on boxwood. The tools are not costly and the graving is a diversion. These wooden dies are satis¬ factory for short runs, but for long runs on hard paper a metal die is necessary. To make your own wooden female die transfer the impression to the wood from the proof and proceed to dig out the design. The most common method is the zinc-etching process. Pull a sharp proof of the form on thin paper, bronze it and send it to the engraver. He should mount the die he makes on metal and hand-tool the edges of the die. This will give a nicely rounded effect to the embossing and it can be embossed higher without crack¬ ing the stock used. A zinc die or an electro will generally answer, but for long runs on hard paper a brass die is best. In the meantime, while the engraver is making the die, the form can be printed. It should have the pressman’s best effort, should come out sharp and clear, carrying full color, but not too much. The form should never be unlocked or removed from the press after the gauges have been set and printing begun until the run is off. But accidents will hap¬ pen in the best regulated offices, so mark the position of the quoins with chalk and drive a small wooden wedge between the roller traclgway and the chase, so that the form can be returned to exactly the same position if it must be removed or unlocked. Register, of course, is indispensable. Mark where the sheet touches the gauges and set them in same positions on next run. The female die also should occupy the same position as the printed die in the chase. Fingers need not be depended upon for register, as there are several automatic end register gauges on the market that are infal¬ libly exact, something that can not be said of the very best feeder. The gauges must all be securely fastened, beyond the shadow of a doubt. Quads should be attached with fish-glue (Le Page’s), a stick of sealing-wax heated and a drop allowed to fall back of patent-pin gauges, on the tympan, to back them up. A few extra sheets, to test register with, from time to time, should be included in the stock requisition. It would be useless to attempt to put the sheet through the press on successive days that show con¬ siderable variation in the amount of humidity. It is also most essential that the paper used is well seasoned before first printing. A common method, with both embossers and lithographers, is to hang a dozen large sheets by one corner, to a rafter, the bunches of paper being held by nippers. The air gets between the sheets and they are soon at the required temperature to season. Care must be exercised in the use of the grippers, and strings stretched between them. A safer plan is to use neither but to have the stock out so that one end protrudes above the top bale, where it may be grasped by the feeder. An oblong sheet like a letter-head should be fed head down, when possible. The two bottom gauges should be equidistant from the edges of the sheet and from each other. The end gauge should be not more than three inches higher than the bottom gauges. If the run is not completed in a single day the register should be tested early the second day, as a tympan will frequently absorb enough moisture over night to expand, unless well oiled, and so cause loss of register. The tympan bales must be tight-fitting so as to hold the tympan taut. A test for register should be made with the extra sheets about every hundredth impression. One of the striking features of steel-die work is the gloss of the ink. This effect can be obtained by mixing from one to two parts of best dammar varnish with ten parts of ink. These propor¬ tions vary according to the condition of the ink and the stock used. There are special proprietary varnishes, that are superior to dammar varnish, advertised in The Inland Printer. When using such a glossy ink do not pile the sheets too high, to avoid sticking. The impression should be hard. The up-to-date printers are equipping their platens with patent metal blocks, on which electros and zinc plates are secured, thus dispensing with wooden blocks, at the same time securing a more rigid impression and saving time in make-ready. When the job is printed and dried proceed with the embossing. The female die is securely locked in the chase in the position formerly occupied by the form and then made level with underlays. The choice of an embossing composition or board next presents itself. Several good ones are advertised in The Inland Printer. The platen should be carefully cleaned and rubbed with sandpaper. Then secure a sheet of thin, tough cardboard to platen with fish-glue. Throw platen back with the screws to allow for thickness of composition to be used. Secure your embossing material to cardboard. Close the press on the impression and in a few seconds slowly open it. A little patching may be necessary to bring each letter out perfectly at the start and to keep it so during the run. Set gauges by cutting slits in the printed sheet and matching the letters in the print with those in the male die. Cardboard can be glued to the platen as a base for the gauges. Cardboard should also be glued to platen between die and gauges to nearly the same height as the die. This serves to keep the sheet nearly parallel to platen just at impression. Otherwise register would be difficult. Should any portion of the embossment show a tendency to crack or break, the corresponding portion of the male die may be scraped down slightly with a knife or sandpaper. NOT A CASE FOR A SURGEON. A country parson was one day going his usual round of visiting, when he was stopped by one of his congregation, an old farm hand, who said, “An’ hoo be yer darter this marning, yer reverend? ” “ My daughter ! ” exclaimed the parson, rather sur¬ prised; “ oh, she is quite well, thank you.” “ What ! ” cried the rustic, “ quite well ! Why, I heard she had a cycle accident yesterday, an’ busted her inner tubing! ” — The Argonaut. AN INDISPENSABLE BOOK. “ Electrotyping,” by C. S. Partridge, tells just what you want to know. Second edition — over two hundred pages, fully illustrated. Price, $2. The Inland Printer Company. THE INLAND PRINTER 259 PR.OOFR.OOM Questions pertaining to proofreading are solicited and will be promptly answered in this department. Replies can not be made by mail. A Sentence Questioned. — Bal., Cleveland, Ohio, asks us to comment on the sentence, “ It is as much to our inter¬ est to help you sell paint and varnish as it is for us to sell them to you,” and says : “ It does not sound correct to me, and I believe the word them and the words paint and var¬ nish contain the error.” Answer. — The words mentioned can not contain the error, because there is no error. No sentence could be in better construction. The only problem in the case is in the fact that anybody could think the sen¬ tence incorrect. Which Is Correct? — W. J. H., New York, asks: “ From a proofreader’s standpoint which of the following is correct? ‘Jones’ have amateur theatricals.’ ‘Jones have amateur theatricals.’ It hinges on the possessive.” Answer. — There is no proper proofreaders’ standpoint in such a case except the one that should be everybody’s — to use the form that expresses exactly what is intended, which is not done with certainty in asking the question. How it hinges on the possessive is not plain. Maybe what is meant to be asked is whether the possessive should be Jones’ or Jones’s, and the answer to that would be in favor of the latter form; but that is not the question that is actually asked. The only possible answer to what is asked is that neither is correct. Correct expression must be determined by the meaning. Are we speaking of one Jones or of more persons than one each named Jones? And do we mean the person or persons of that name, or are we naming an estab¬ lishment (that is, the people in an establishment) owned by a person or persons? In any case, the second form quoted is wrong. Jones is simply the name of one person, and we say that one has, not that one have. If we wish to express a number each named Jones we should write Joneses, for that is the way to make the plural. To tell that persons named Jones have theatricals we should say “ The Joneses have.” To tell that the employees of Jones have we should say “ Jones’s have,” which is metonymic for “ Jones’s employees have.” Many people write Jones’ instead of Jones’s, but this is illogical, because it leaves the possessive sense to be imagined and does not express it, and the majority of people use the logical form Jones’s, which actually adds to the expression the additional sense that is to be conveyed. Corresponding to this last form for a number of Joneses we should say “ Joneses’ have,” because Joneses’ is the correct plural possessive, and it is here called correct because it actually adds to the name the two additional elements of meaning in form, though the second of these, possession, is not added in speaking. If a writer uses either of the forms here shown as correct, the proofreader should simply follow copy accurately, as the writer is the one supposed to know best just what he wishes to say. If the wrong form is written, the proofreader should not pass it unquestioned. He should ask just what the intention is, stating courteously his objection to copy as ungrammatical, and then if the customer insists on keep¬ ing the ungrammatical form he should be allowed to do so. Roman Numerals. — J. P. M., Richmond, Virginia, writes : “ What is the correct use of the period after Roman numerals? I saw this answered some time ago in your col¬ umn, but have forgotten what you said.” Answer. — Some people would say there is no such correct use. As on many other points of language form, however, there is an opposite opinion at least as strongly held, and practice, accordingly, is divided. There is also some difference among those who use the period, some using it with Roman numerals always, and some restricting the use to a very narrow range. Just what was said in our previous note is not remembered by us either, nor when it was printed, though it certainly was long ago. The practice then indicated, though, must have been the same as that now to be named, as the circum¬ stances are identical now with what they were then, with a possibility of a little increase in the practice contrary to that here chosen, which, so far as can be determined, is the older one. For those who do not prefer rejection of the period altogether, the correct use of it may be stated in few words: Always use a period after Roman numerals that express an ordinal number; never use it when the number is plainly cardinal. This means that when a mere number is expressed, even as one of a series, the symbol should have no period ; thus, for the number of a page Roman numerals should be treated the same as Arabic, as i, ii, iii, iv, etc., 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. Such numbers are read by almost everybody simply as one, two, three, four, etc., as are numbers of days in the month, though occasionally we hear April first, sec¬ ond, third, fourth, etc. In this last reading the numbers are made ordinal, and those who pronounce them are the people who commonly write dates in such form as 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, etc. In the commonest use of Roman numerals they stand for these ordinal words, and as such are abbre¬ viations, therefore should have the period. Most evidently in this class are the numerals used with names of sover¬ eigns, as Edward I., Edward VII., which are prevailingly spoken as Edward the First, Edward the Seventh. It may be interesting to know how different people treat this sub¬ ject, so we shall quote from various style-books. Mr. Horace Hart, in “ Rules for Compositors and Readers at the University Press, Oxford,” England, says : “ Roman numerals to be preferred in such cases as Henry VIII, etc. — which should never be divided, and should only be followed by a full point when the letters end a sentence. If, however, the author prefers the full title, use ‘ Henry the Eighth,’ not ‘ Henry the VUIth.’ ” Besides this all he says is : “ When the preliminary pages are referred to by roman lower-case numerals the full point should be omitted (e. g., see p. viii). I, II, III are usually reserved for chap¬ ters or important divisions of a subject.” Yet elsewhere in the same work he gives xxxii. and xxxvii. with the full point for Bible chapters and iii. for an act in a play. The Chicago “Proofreaders’ Stylebook ” has this: “Omit periods after per cent, and after roman numerals when used strictly as figures, but not when used in names, as Napoleon III.” In this work the rule as given is followed, as in “Acts iv, 13,” though in general practice iv. 13 is cer¬ tainly far more common. The “ Manual of Style of the University of Chicago Press ” goes a step further, thus : “ Use no period after Roman numerals, even if having the value of ordinals.” It gives Louis XVI as an example, and has other instances of ordinal use elsewhere, as I and II Samuel, where the numerals are abbreviations of the words first and second. Theodore L. De Vinne, in “ Correct Com¬ position,” after saying that “ Gregory the fourth, etc., may displease some readers by their novelty, but it is probable 260 THE INLAND PRINTER that they will supplant the older form,” says : “ It is cus¬ tomary in many printing houses to put a period after the numeral part of the name. The need of the period in this position has never been satisfactorily explained, for XIX is no more of an abbreviation than 19, but it is unsafe for the compositor to suppress it unless so requested.” It would be almost impossible to convince any one who thinks as Mr. De Vinne does that his opinion is fallacious. As the present writer thinks, however, Mr. De Vinne nas made out a clear case against his own decision, and gives indisputable evidence that Roman numerals sometimes stand as abbre¬ viations, as he avows that “ Gregory IV ” is to be read “ Gregory the Fourth.” He is right in saying that XIX is like Gregory the Fourth are spelled out, but nearly always the numeral word is capitalized, if not always. Such prac¬ tice is found sporadically in old books, as well as in some recent ones, and can not be found as prevalent in any marked period. Mr. De Vinne, of course, did not say that such forms have not been used, but only that “ it is prob¬ able that they will supplant the older form.” The present writer is not sure that one form is older than the other, but he is inclined to think that Mr. De Vinne has the order reversed, and that if either is older it is the full one. The asserted probability does not seem very likely. Rather is it probable that the present status will continue, as it has con¬ tinued from an early time until now, and authors and We DuplexRotary Press ‘Manufactured by The Duplex Printing Press Company, Battle Creek. Michigan. U. S. A. no more of an abbreviation than 19; but that gives us the strongest possible reason for using a period after the Roman numerals, the period being a necessary element of an abbreviation. In other words, while XIX is not an abbreviation (according to the printer’s understanding of what an abbreviation is — namely, a short form with a period after it), XIX. is an abbreviation, and therefore should be used when the reading intention is nineteenth and not nineteen. Convention (common agreement) is the real determinant in such cases, and even now the strongest common agreement favors the use of the period as here indicated. On the contrary, the fad of dropping the use of the period is more in favor now than ever before. People seem to think such usage constitutes simplification. Here again the present writer is at odds with many people. He thinks it far better simplification to use the form that indi¬ cates unmistakably the nature of what is written or printed. Occasionally a book appears in which the titles printers will use one form or the other according to per¬ sonal preference. WAS A BAD “SCRAP.” A southern Missouri man recently was tried on a charge of assault. The State brought into court as the weapons used, a rail, an ax, a pair of tongs, a saw and a rifle. The defendant’s counsel exhibited as the other man’s weapons a scythe-blade, a pitchfork, a pistol and a hoe. The jury’s verdict is said to have been : “ Resolved, That we, the jury, would have given $1 to have seen the fight.” — Kansas City Star. ARBUTUS. Here is the last white page of Winter’s Volume of prose, and set thereon, Fragrant and pink, behold the printer’s Exquisite colophon. — Frank Dempster Sherman, in the Atlantic Monthly. THE INLAND PRINTER 261 n for The Inland Printer. HINTS ON PROOFREADING. F employed on a newspaper the language of which is called Newspaper English, the “ pro¬ fessional proofreader ” must not allow his copyholder to know that he uses that tongue. It is not “ professional ” so to do. In no circumstances, in oral reading, must he countenance “ unnecessary ” posting from his copyholder as to differences in wording between copy and proofsheet. At the post-mortem examination held by the powers that be, however, he must be quick to exclaim wrathfully, “ Tain’t me that done it ! Go for the copy- holder.” The pride of the profession is no mean thing; it must not be offended. In editorial matter, in book reviews, and in other stuff in which there are signs (however faint) of a leaning toward “ literature ” — a most despicable term — the “ pro¬ to upset — terms used in another branch of the profession — but as the years advance and his strong right arm becomes surer and more certain the gentle art of wiping a joint will come to him without effort. All things being equal, success in his profession must be conditioned upon temperament, which, in his case, must be phlegmatic. Into the quiet of a proofroom he must inject breeziness, explosiveness, vociferousness; and when reading statistical matter, Evartsian sentences and similar work he must interject light and airy persiflage between paragraphs, or sentences, or words, according to ebulliency of feeling. This relieves monotony. The “ professional proofreader’s ” code of ethics em¬ braces many rules of no mean order. These rules are designed to catch the copyholder’s attention. Conspicuous among them is the hard-and-fast rule of correct form of speech. To him New Jersey, in its abbreviated literary form is nuj, and New York, in similar care, is nigh. Objec¬ tion by the copyholder, on the ground of offensiveness to the ear, would rob the “ professional proofreader ” of life’s J^etralia Hamar Joining Company An example of the simple, effective type-designs at present s <£>s&cn, City, Sltatj, much in demand. By B. R. Bowi fessional proofreader ” must not recognize the writer’s “ style.” The chances are that the author is merely book- learned, has no “ practical ” ideas, and should be slaugh¬ tered offhand, on general principles. Especially must the writer’s syntax be attacked. A sentence erroneously sup¬ posed by the scribe to be impeccable and forceful — namely, “And thus she died ” — must not be permitted to see the light of day. Who ever heard of a sentence beginning with a copulative conjunction, which, as it were, is merely a hinge between parts of a sentence? The sacred offices of the Exact Science of Punctuation must be defended, and the mailed fist of the “ professional proofreader ” must fall heavily on this and on similar “ breaks ” on the part of the writer. In religious conviction he must be of the spiritualistic faith, and while at work spiritualistic manifestations must be always in evidence — knocking with the left hand on the desk to signify the appearance in proof of capitals or the presence of underscored words, to the unbounded delight of other peace-loving fellow “ professionals ” about him. Fre¬ quently, too, he must give exhibitions of Delsartian exer¬ cises by gracefully describing with his left forefinger a semi-circle in the air, thus denoting the appearance in proof of individual capital letters or of the much-despised hyphen. This performance is a delight to the eye of the copyholder or, rather, I should say, to the tail of the eye, as the copyholder’s whole attention should be concentrated on the copy in hand. In the early years of the “ professional proofreader’s ” career he should learn how to weld, how to braze, and how sweetest joy. Indeed, to deprive him of these evidences of erudition of a high order would be a heavy blow to his mental equipment. He says: * Cat for mistress, Scratch for secretary, Owe for cipher or nought, Stee for street (abbr.), Bone for dollar (with ciphers), Tough and Tough for Mr. and Mrs., Mummy for Madame, and many other things born of genius. “ Common sense ” and “ good judgment ” are conspicu¬ ous features in his make-up. On occasion he sets at defiance locutions used by masters past and present; he coddles the “ was given ” series in all its horrors ; he frowns upon many of the decencies of speech recognized as such even by book-learned dudes and pharisees; he scorns the mysterious and fascinating art of punctuation along simple grammatical lines, shunning the use of the rhetori¬ cal comma as he would shun the plague; in a word, the up-to-the-minute “ professional proofreader ” is a law unto himself — judge, jury and executioner, with thrilling emphasis on the last word. “SOMETHING DIFFERENT.” You need “ Specimens of Letter-heads No. 3 ” in your every-day work. It will furnish the “ something different ” designs which you require. The Inland Printer Company will send it for 50 cents. 262 THE INLAND PRINTER EDUCATION SOME ASPECTS OF TRADE EDUCATION. Trade, or, technical education — a many-sided thing of many names — looms larger and larger in the public eye. State educational authorities refer to it in their reports. It is a theme in more than one gubernatorial address in this year of grace, and, of course, former President Roose¬ velt has given it atten¬ tion. The agitation is in an embryotic state, and it will be some years be¬ fore its fruition takes on definite s h a p e — before we have adopted a dis¬ tinctive system of educa¬ tion having a connection with industry. Some of those responsible for the present agitation insist that the education given in the public schools is not sufficiently practical and does not bear much relation to what will surely be the lifework of the man. Ninety per cent of the male gradu¬ ates from public schools must of necessity earn their livelihood by man¬ ual labor of one kind or another. The education vouchsafed them does not fit them for such a life; rather it equips them for clerical positions or some genteel vocation. There is a very general impres¬ sion among educators that the American youth should be given school training that will accus¬ tom him to the use of his hands. He is said to be “ going back ” in that respect. When the pres¬ ent school curriculum was in the making, fifty or sixty years ago, we were an agricultural people, and “ doin’ chores ” and other- work supplied training of the sort that fitted the boy for his future work. In urban life there are few chores to engage the boy’s attention and thus he is bereft of a very practical and useful education. The New Jersey commis¬ sion on industrial education, after an extensive investiga¬ President Lynch on Benefit and Need of Education. There is one thing about the I. T. U. Course to which I wish to particularly direct your attention. Perhaps not one of you is taking it, and few of you have any intention of doing so. It is a part of the I. T. U.’s policy and if you ' will not educate yourself you are paying good money for the education of the other fellow. He is taking the Course, and some time, soon or late, he will get your job, because ' he knows more than you do — he has acquired ability, and t your expense. Mr. Prescott and the others directly connected with the Course see the artistic and theoretical sides of it. The , officers of the I. T. U., who meet employers in contests for wage increases, see the practical side. There was a tin perhaps, when we could hold a meeting and say we wanted , to increase the scale $2 or $3 a week and go to the employ¬ ers and tell them that we wanted it. We never thought of telling them why we wanted it. Indeed, there was a notion prevalent that it was none of theii* business — but it’s different to-day. We can not even urge solely that the cost of living has increased, because they come back and say: “So has it increased with us. Our machinery costs more; paper s higher; taxes are greater, and if compositors find it more ' difficult to live than they did a few years ago, we certainly , find it very much more difficult to continue our enterprises. ’ ’ Then they ask us, “What are you going to do for this $3 ? ’’ id we have to show them what we can do. If you haven’t got ability, the Union, strong as it is, will not be able to help you much. The International Typo¬ graphical Union is selling ability — that is the article it can dispose of to the best advantage. It is to be regretted that our members are not alive to the opportunities which the Course offers. Even during a depression there is a demand for printers who know what is taught by the Commission. Here is a chance to obtain ' a vast amount of information concerning the business for , practically next to nothing, and those of you who pass it by will suffer in the end. All the artificial means — wise and unwise — that the Union may adopt can not save its members from the effects of inefficiency , for ability is bound to overcome all obstacles. In dealing with employers, union officials find they can get good wages for capable men, as employers are willing to buy highly efficient labor. The indifferent workers keep scales low, and in these days no one can expect to get more than the scale unless he studies and learns and knows. —From an address by James M. Lynch. President I. T. U., tion, declares also that “ the apprenticeship system has been virtually abandoned as a means of instructing the young in the various trades.” Prominent educators say these conditions force a new duty on the schools. They propose that manual training be given during the compulsory attendance period, so that the boy may be taught to use his hands as well as his head. One of the leading educators of the country said it appeared to him there was a disposition on the part of some to use the prevailing sentiment as a cover under which to teach schoolboys trades, or give them such insight and knowledge as will equip them to step from the school into a job. This method will be opposed by the working people, owing to its tendency to keep the labor market in a constantly unsettled state. Many educators will oppose it as being a prostitution of the real purposes of education. But the great obstacle to the mainte¬ nance of such trade schools will be the enor¬ mous cost of materials. If boys are to be taught trades in this way they must do constructive work. Some propose to sell the product, which will arouse the opposi¬ tion of manufacturers, who will not relish com¬ petition of that char¬ acter. The adoption of this method would be practical socialism of an advanced type. If the Government can produce and distribute commodi¬ ties as an incident of its public-school system, it can do likewise for the use of the people. Apart from giving pu¬ pils such industrial edu¬ cation as will train the hand, the system that seems to make the widest appeal and will be most generally approved is that which supplements work in the shops. These schools will be open at night, and stu¬ dents of all ages taught the theory and princi¬ ples underlying the trade at a portion of which they may be working in the shops. The support¬ ers of this method do not believe that a trade can be properly taught in schools, regarding shop training as a prime necessity. In the words of one of them, their desire “ is to bring back the glory of the crafts¬ man who took delight in his work,” because he knew all about his product, and was not confined to one operation on a machine. In short, this group is content to allow the ranks of craftsmen to be filled by natural means and does THE INLAND PRINTER 263 not believe in using artificial methods in inducing a boy to take up a trade, for there is no paucity of craftsmen, but, rather, a lack of skill and knowledge among apprentices and journeymen. This method is, in its last analysis, an effort to overcome the defects in trade training as practiced in the shops, and when it is fairly launched there is every reason to believe it will turn out workmen superior to those who developed under the old-style apprenticeship system in its palmiest days. It is expected to grow until apprentices will divide their time between the shop and the school dur¬ ing certain periods of their apprenticeship. RENOUNCES OFFICE TO TAKE COURSE. Secretary Daley is “ between the devil and the deep sea ” on the renomination question. The genial “ Shorty ” wants to enroll as a student in the International Typo¬ graphical Union Course in Printing, but says it is an impos¬ sibility while he has to care for the union’s bonds. — Newark (N. J.) Correspondence, Typographical Journal. TEACHING THE YOUNG IDEA HOW TO PRINT. Under the auspices of Typographical Union No. 115, a meeting was held in Eagles’ Hall on Sunday, March 28, at 4 o’clock, for all the apprentices and other boys working in the various newspaper and job-printing plants of the city, in an effort to perfect an organization of these young men for their benefit and instruction. It is planned, after the perfecting of the organization, to hold monthly meetings, at which experts will be present to address the boys upon every subject pertaining to their line of work. These addresses will be entirely of an educa¬ tional nature, and will prove of vast benefit to the boys who are “ learning the business.” — Salt Lake City Tribune. LONDON SOCIETY TO ESTABLISH SCHOOL. “ I hold the view that a trade union should be actively connected with the cause of technical education, and prac¬ tical men know full well that a man who has had a thor¬ ough training in his business is of more value often, though he may demand a much higher wage, than the average workman ; he is a more profitable servant to you than the man who merely gets the minimum and does not attain to the ordinary standard of efficiency,” says T. E. Naylor, secretary of the London Society of Compositors. “ The science of production does not alone consist in the price that you pay over to your men or the price that you charge the customer; but it consists also in the ability shown and the knowledge acquired by the men in the different depart¬ ments, by means of which they produce more or less work than they are called upon to do. And for that reason I hope that we, as a society, will become more actively con¬ nected in the future than we have been hitherto with the cause of technical education. We have a movement on foot now with the object of forming what has been called a Jobbing Guild, that is to say, an auxiliary to the London Society of Compositors, having for its object the better education of the members of . the society in the technics of their craft, which I hope will be fruitful for good, not only to us but also to you as being the heads of the departments I represent.” UNIONS NOT OPPOSED TO EDUCATION. In the course of an article in the labor press disputing the assertion that unions are opposed to industrial educa¬ tion, H. A. McAnarney, of Baltimore, refers to the I. T. U. Course and says : “ This course teaches printers the technic of the print¬ ing trade. It does not attempt to teach a boy who, in after years, probably would become an engineer or an architect the trade of a printer ; it does not attempt to compel a boy to learn something for which he has no adaptability. The choosing of a trade is determined largely by a natural liking for the calling, and a boy who is apprenticed to a trade necessarily has a desire to perfect himself in it. Consequently, the course established by the International Typographical Union is a logical effort at solving the apprentice question. “ By adopting this course the International Typo¬ graphical Union has challenged the sincerity of the manu¬ facturers’ association, and it has placed the responsibility for the lack of training of apprentices where it belongs — with the employers. Now, if there is anything but hypoc¬ risy in the appeals of the members of the manufacturers’ association to teach boys a trade, let them prove it by fol¬ lowing the lead of the International Typographical Union. They have the best facilities in their own establishments; let these be placed at the disposal of the boys whom they employ. Had this been done in the past there would now be no necessity for trades unions to establish technical schools for the teaching of apprentices.” THE NEED OF SUPPLEMENTAL EDUCATION. “ Fully ninety-five per cent of the pupils leave school between the ages of fourteen and seventeen, and without having formed any idea as to what trade or vocation they should follow,” says the New Jersey commission on indus¬ trial education. “ In consequence, they drift into occupa¬ tions, rather than select those which might be most nearly suited to their aptitudes, and their progress is generally arrested at an early age, because of the restricted char¬ acter of their experience, and the failure to receive supple¬ mentary instruction. The trades have become so specialized that there is but little chance for a learner to go beyond the narrow limits of the work to which he is assigned, unless he has supplementary training. The workers, mechanics, or craftsmen in the several trades are deeply sensible of their lack of opportunities for vocational training during the early years, and grown men among them would gladly take advantage of industrial schools, if these institutions were established.” EMPLOYERS AND THE I. T. U. COURSE. An Eastern firm canvassed its establishment and found ten compositors willing to take the I. T. U. Course in Printing, and promised to help out in a financial way. This moves the I. T. U. Commission to say that, so far as it is able to ascertain, comparatively few employers have interested themselves in its educational movement. The response from the unions is more encouraging, but it is natural that it should be, for the workers’ interest in the course is not so remote as that of employers. New York Typographical Union has appointed a committee for the purpose of advancing the course. It decided that a systematic canvass of the city by the committee would be too expensive, and is endeavoring to enlist chairmen of chapels as canvassers. These functionaries are asked to make specific answers to these questions: How many persons (including beginners) are employed in your chapel? Of that number how many have made inquiry concern¬ ing the course in printing? If there is any apathy concerning the course, what are the general reasons given therefor? Give names and addresses of apprentices and others in your chapel who seem to favor the course, but who need a little urging to become students. What suggestions can you offer that will advance and popularize the course? 264 THE INLAND PRINTER ELBCTKOTYPING STEREOTYPING BY C. 8. PARTRIDGE. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from electrotypers, stereotypers and others. Individual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Inquiries will receive prompt attention. Differences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful con¬ sideration. Address, The Inland Printer Company, Chicago. Stereotyping Monotype. — Monotype presents several difficulties to the stereotyper, which may be overcome by careful preparation of the form by the molder. In the first place, it has a tendency to get off its feet across the page owing to imperfect spacing. The easiest way of detecting this is by passing an electro finisher’s rubber over the face of the type. Then, the spaces are very apt to work up, and unless they are pushed down by the molder they must be chiseled out of the finished stereotype. It is also a good scheme to slide a small square of brass rule laid flat on the face of the type over the form, as, in this way, a high type is occasionally detected. Demand on Electrotypes. — Competition and a prac¬ tically uniform scale of prices are responsible for the high- class service given to buyers of electrotypes in Chicago. Almost impossible stunts are frequently demanded. And, in view of the fact that every plate passes through the hands of eleven different workmen, each performing a dis¬ tinct operation, it is remarkable how often they “ make good.” Orders for a dozen or more plates arriving after noon are frequently filled the same day, and occasionally in cases of special rush, plates are turned out in two hours or less. In the early eighties it required from seven to twenty hours to deposit a shell of practical thickness. To-day a fair shell may be deposited in fifteen minutes, and the finished electrotype may be steel-plated in thirty additional minutes. Inserting Half-tone in Stereotype Plate. — D. B. writes : “ I recently had occasion to insert some backed-up half-tones in stereo book-plates and experienced consider¬ able difficulty. The solder would melt and run into the stereotype all right, but did not stick to the electrotype. If you can offer some suggestion it will certainly be appre¬ ciated.” Answer. — Presuming that you are using a good solder, half and half or a little richer, and that your solder¬ ing fluid is a clean, saturated solution of zinc in muriatic acid, reduced by an equal bulk of water, the following may help you. Slightly bevel the edges of the plates which are to be soldered so that they are bright and clean. Then apply the acid and place small lumps of solder at short intervals. Have your iron quite hot and place it on the electrotype portion, not quite touching the solder until the plate shows signs of softening. Then move the iron for¬ ward until it touches the solder and the two plates will melt and run into each other at that point. Stereotype Blankets. — J. S. B. writes: “I do not seem to be getting the amount of life out of my stereo blankets that I ought to, although I buy the best ones that I can find. They seem to become dead after a short time, and they do not dry quickly. Will you kindly let me know through the columns of your valuable journal whether the special blankets made exclusively for stereotyping are more satisfactory.” Answer. — The old adage that the best is the cheapest in the long run, does not apply to stereotype blankets. A blanket containing about sixty per cent of cot¬ ton will be found more elastic and absorbent and may be washed oftener than one which is all wool. A convenient arrangement to expedite the drying of blankets where they are in continual use is a steam-heated hot-box. This may be constructed as a wooden cabinet, of sufficient dimensions to permit the blankets to hang free, and a coil of steam- pipe on the bottom. It should be fitted with a sliding-door and be provided with ventilating holes in the top. Steel Electrotypes. — It is interesting to note the recent incorporation, under the laws of the State of New York, of a $300,000 company for the manufacturing of steel electrotypes. The office is located in New York city and the factory in Brooklyn and the concern is now ready for business. Because copper is not hard and tough enough to stand the wear of large editions and is chemically affected by some colors of ink, there has been considerable experimenting done with the harder metals, nickel, steel and brass. Nickel has been found to deposit readily and its solution is easy to manage, but the deposition of steel has met with but little success, the chief trouble being the tendency of the solution to oxidize. To date we know of but two companies that are successfully plating electros with steel, the Hearst newspapers and a Chicago foundry. The new Steel Electrotype Company, however, proclaim that they do not plate electros, but deposit the steel directly on the wax mold, and they offer $5,000 cash to any one who can disprove the statement. The advantage of the direct deposit is obvious where fine-screened half-tones are to be duplicated. For electrotypes of ordinary character a facing of steel may be deposited on the copper without perceptibly affecting their accuracy, and may be replaced repeatedly upon showing signs of wear. Quoting from the Steel Elec¬ trotype Company’s price-list : Steel electrotypes, blocked on wood . 4c. per square inch. Steel electrotypes of half-tones . 5c. per square inch. Minimum . 30 cents. In short, the cost of steel electros is about double the cost of steel-plated electros and, except in the case of half-tones, the difference in printing qualities of the plates would probably be imperceptible. In regard to service, deliveries are promised in twenty-four hours, which is about twice the time required for copper electrotype deliveries. GOOD PRINTING PAYS. Ross Brothers know now that it pays to invest a little more for cuts and art work on their catalogue, for their inquiries for January, 1909, were seven times greater than for the same month in 1908, and their receipts in dollars was five times as great. This was the first year they ever used three-color half-tones for their cover and good stock for the inside pages, at an expense of about three times any other catalogue they ever put out. Now they are believers in the best they can get. Count returns, not cost. — Impres¬ sions. _ WHEN A NEW LETTER-HEAD IS WANTED. New ideas in letter-head designs — these may be found in “ Specimens of Letter-heads No. 3,” published by The Inland Printer Company. It contains thirty designs in one, two and three colors. Price, 50 cents. THE INLAND PRINTER 265 ;ten for The Inland Printer. SYSTEMATIC MEASURING ON THE STONE. BHE form that is correctly measured off on the stone is an immense saving, not only of money, but also of trouble and inconvenience in the pressroom. If the stoneman knows how to measure his forms so that he will not have to visit the pressroom to transpose leads, and sometimes picas, he is invaluable to the firm which employs him. That it is possible to do this only requires that he should reduce his work to a definite system. Here’s a safe and reliable way of ascertaining whether you are giving the proper margins to a form: Provide yourself with a straight two-foot rule. Now, on most book impositions you have cross-bars in your chase, which usu¬ ally measure in width three or six picas wide. Let the dead center of these bars act as a measuring point for the half-way fold on both the length and width of your sheet. Place leads on both sides of each bar. If you are measuring from the six-em bar, lay a piece of three-em furniture (preferably steel) on the bar against the lead farthest from the side you wish to measure. The lead, being higher than the chase, gives you a firm support to rest the piece of furniture against. You can now be sure that you are measuring from the dead center of the bar, providing, of course, that the bar is exactly six picas wide. Should your bars be bastard size, it would be wise to make some low leads, so as to build the bars up to even picas. With a three-em bar, take an eighteen-point em and two em quad. By placing these two side by side on the bar you have the center of the narrower bar. The accompanying sketch shows a half of a straight sixteen form. Stock used is 28 by 42 inches. Size of trimmed page is 6% by 9% inches. To simplify matters we will center the type-pages, which are 4% by 7%, on the trimmed-page size, thus giving an inch margin all around the pages. The dotted lines represent where the sheet folds; the straight lines show where the knife cuts. Study the sketch closely, because this is the mental pic¬ ture you must have when measuring a form. Note well where the sheet trims and folds. Observe the pages fall right against the rule. In measuring, the rule takes the place of your sheet of paper. It is more reliable and much easier to handle. When revising a sheet off the press it should be ruled off to show folds and trims after the manner outlined in the sketch. In impositions other than book, such as color register work, etc., where you can not measure from the center of the bar or sheet, you should make your calculations from the outside edge of your sheet by placing leads against the inside of the chase. For those who are not familiar with stonework it would be well for them to take a sheet of 28 by 42 and fold it into sixteen pages. With the point of a knife make an incision on the three sides that trim; a quarter-of-an-inch trim will be all right. Now mark off the size of the type-page and the exact position in which you want it. Then open up your sheet and you can see at a glance how the pages fall and what margins you should have. The incisions show where the paper trims. This method is about the clearest way for the tyro to get the first principles of stone¬ work into his head. ment wrote the teacher : “ Dear Miss, — Don’t hit our Johnnie. We never do it at home except in self-defense.” — Sacred Heart Review. 266 THE INLAND PRINTER OBITUARY GEORGE HENRY MORRILL. On April 1, at Port Antonio, Jamaica, there passed away one of the pioneer ink manufacturers of the United States in the person of George H. Morrill. Born in Worces¬ ter, Massachusetts, on November 7, 1829, he entered the business of his father’s firm — Morrill, Donald & Co., of Andover — in 1853. Shortly thereafter the plant was removed to Norwood, when Mr. Morrill became a citizen of that town, where he resided until his death. Deceased is survived by his brother, Edward H., who is secretary of the company, and a widow, three daughters and two sons. Of the last mentioned George H., of Norwood, is president of the company, and Frank T. is located in New York city. AUGUSTINE MCCRAITH. On March 26, Augustine McCraith died in a New York hospital after an illness of short duration. Twelve or fif¬ teen years ago his name was familiar to Inland Printer readers and others in the printing world. A native of Prince Edward Island, Canada, where he learned the print¬ er’s trade, Mr. McCraith drifted to Boston, and became prominent in union affairs, serving as president and secre¬ tary of Boston union and represented it at the Louisville convention of the International Union in 1894. Acquiring some distinction there as a leader, he was elected a delegate to the American Federation of Labor. Always an uncom¬ promising and somewhat bitter opponent of socialism, Socialists and socialistic tendencies, he played a prominent part in preventing the adoption of a Socialist program at that time by the trade unions and was elected secretary of the federation. Taking exception to the methods of Mr. Gompers, he retired from that office two years later, in 1896. Mr. McCraith returned to the trade and, for a time, contributed to The Inland Printer on matters and things from the workingman’s viewpoint. He had worked in sev¬ eral offices in New York and was interested in a weekly neighborhood paper, so common round New York. He left a widow and three small children. CURIOUS STYLES IN OLD CALLING CARDS. Had the early years of the eighteenth century known the curio-seekers of the present time a collection of calling- cards would have been more valuable and interesting than the postal-cards and stamps of to-day. The first visiting-cards were on plain white paper, but these were soon supplemented by elaborately engraved cards revealing the personality, as well as the idiosyncra¬ sies, of the person whose name appeared on the card. The card of Antonio Canova (Fig. 1), one of the most modern sculptors, born in Italy in 1759, and made famous first in Rome as an artist, by his figure of Theseus vanquish¬ ing the Minotaur, consists of an engraving of two shrines of Carrara marble which he carved as a test of his ability and skill before he was twelve years old. These shrines were the first production from his workshop, a vacant cell in a noted monastery, given to him by monks who were deeply interested in his success. The widely known antiquary, Mr. Charles Townley, had his card engraved by one of the most celebrated artists of Pig. l. that time (Fig. 2). Owing to Mr. Townley’s strong admiration for Homer, Clytie, and Pericles, the busts of the trio were reproduced in miniature on the card. Pig. 2. Ralph Sneyd’s card (Fig. 3) depicted three owls guard¬ ing, like members of a police force, the stone on which was engraved the name of “ Mister Ralph Sneyd ” in a. very mysterious manner. The famous painter, Barlozzi, designed the cards of Sir Joshua Reynolds (Fig. 4). Art is personified here by Fig. 3. the creature on the left, who is represented as smiling on the wreath which encircles the globe held by the little child. Originality marked the card of Mr. C. W. Batt (Fig. 5). It was a portrait with the mouth engraved as though it were in the act of speaking and the name engraved in the opening, thus representing one in the act of announcing Mr. Batt. Sir Joseph Banks, president of the Royal Society of THE INLAND PRINTER 267 Europe for over forty years, accompanied Captain Cook on several of his noted expeditions, but the one to Iceland was the most impressive of all to Sir Joseph. As he was the first to make a report on the geological formation of Fig. 5. Maurice. Green, the noted English composer of the sev¬ enteenth century, and one of the originators of the institu¬ tion known as the Society of Musicians, for the support of poor artists and their families, had his card designed as symbolic of his name (Fig. 8). The entire card, excepting the nameplate, was colored green. The exact significance of the grotesque faces on the margin of the card has never been known, but it is said that they represent motives in some of his varied compositions. Such affection between sisters is seldom displayed as that of Agnes and Mary Berry, who had lived together for almost eighty years, and in late years with the hope that they might be buried together, so their card bore the design of a tombstone which afforded a play on the name as well as expressing their wish (Fig. 9). — Lilian I. Harris, in Inland Stationer. that island, Banks wanted his friends to share with him in his favorable impression of the country, so his card (Fig. 6) bore a small map of Iceland just below his name. Captain Leveson Gower, of the noted Sunderland fam¬ ily, had his card (Fig. 7) embellished with characters and necessities of the sea life, such as rope, anchors, marlin- spikes, etc. Fig. 9. 268 THE INLAND PRINTER TRADE NOTES asmssias Detroit and Des the week of July 12, and it is < of the place will be made at an early date. State Printing Plant for New Yoi Haines introduced a bill in the New York Legislature THE INLAND PRINTER 269 The money will be spent in inducing the delegates at the convention which will be held at St. Joseph, Missouri, in August next, to see the beauties of the Twin City country. Embezzlement at New Orleans. — Samuel T. Steven¬ son, former financial secretary of New Orleans Typo¬ graphical Union, has pleaded guilty in a criminal court to embezzling funds of the organization. Sentence was deferred. H. S. Hudspeth, who was president while Steven¬ son served as secretary, is under indictment for fraudu¬ lently obtaining money from the union. It is said the total loss charged to the dishonesty of these officials amounts to about $10,000. Tightening the Reins on Kentucky State Printing. — The Frankfort (Ky.) News says the State Printing Commission has adopted a set of rules which will remedy abuses that have crept into the State printing department. It appears each official has been in the habit of sending orders direct to the Public Printer, which has resulted in much loss to the State. Hereafter, all orders will have to be approved by the State Superintendent of Printing, whose duty it will be to guard against duplicate orders and other wasteful practices. New York Printers’ Organizations Among May-day Movers. — The first of this month sees the New York Typothetse moving from 32 Union square to the new Ever¬ ett building, Union square. The New York Printers’ Board of Trade, which formerly occupied rooms adjoining those of the Typothetse, is now located in Rooms 202, 204 and 206, German Savings Bank building, 147 Fourth avenue, near Fourteenth street. The board’s ’phone numbers remain unchanged. Not to be outdone on moving day, Typograph¬ ical Union No. 6 leaves its rooms at 74-76 Lafayette street and takes up quarters in the World building. Visit of French Master Printers. — The proposed visit of a number of French employing printers to this country, which was organized by Mr. Oudshoorn, the Paris representative of the Miehle Printing Press Company, will be made under the most favorable auspices. The party will leave Havre on June 19 by the French Line steamship La Provence, returning by the St. Paul, of the American line, on July 17. The original itinerary has been modified slightly, and the visitors will not go to Boston, but make a brief stay in Canada, taking in Toronto and Montreal. A feature of the Canadian trip will be a descent of the Lachine rapids on the St. Lawrence river. Lithographic Trade and the Tariff. — The rates pro¬ vided for in the Payne Bill created general dissatisfaction in the lithographic trade. There were reports of Germans coming over to refute the statements made by Americans regarding the wages paid in the Kaiser’s realm. This served to rouse the natives, and organizations of employers and employees prepared to swoop down on Washington, meantime taking advantage of every opportunity to get their views before commercial bodies and labor organiza¬ tions. At this writing it can not be determined whether what the American Economist commends as an admirable campaign has been productive of the desired results. Printers’ Baseball Tournament. — The baseball fans among compositors in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Pittsburg, Washington, Cincinnati, St. Louis and Chicago are agog over the coming tournament to be held in Chi¬ cago during mid-August. Last year New York secured the games, and it is said the Gothamites expended about $4,000 in entertaining the visiting teams, but the Windy City people declare they are going to break the record for hos¬ pitality. George J. Knott is editing and publishing a four- page leaflet — “ Typo Athletic Bulletin ” — to promote the interests of the tournament. The trophy for which the clubs battle was presented the National Association by Hon. August (“ Gatry ”) Herrmann, chairman of the supreme court in baseball. He is a member of the typo¬ graphical union, as is Acting President Heydler, of the National Baseball League. Old Chicago Office Changes Owners. — On April 1 the old-established office of the Blakely Printing Company passed into the hands of a new organization, of which E. F. Hamm is president, William Eastman vice-president, Off the Wagon March Seven. Nineteen Hundred and Nine * Better te srooke here than hereafter The Cause _ It’s awful, Mabel Q EX-MEMBER -STl . To be smoked when gni| On Again ?????????????? A three-year water-wagon Chicagoan, who fell off, found this on his case the morning after. and William C. Tyler secretary-treasurer. While owner¬ ship of the plant has changed, the new company is com¬ posed of men who have been conducting the business with marked success for the past two and a half years. Typothet/e Patriotism.- — An admiring printer of New Orleans wrote the following on the back of his menu card at the printers’ banquet, March 2 : “ The printers of the South welcome their beloved Lee where Lawrence Fell next to their treasured Flagg — by John Macintyre.” This is patriotism of the right sort and which we highly approve. A northern printer, who claims to be naturally humorous, submits the following: If Lawrence Fell on Mac or Lee, Behind the Barnes or in the Courts ; The printers will be out of sorts, Till they know where in Ellis he. — U. T. A. Bulletin. George Saults Bagged. — Winnipeg Printers’ Board of Trade held its fourth annual banquet on Friday, April 2. The attendance was large and the speeches good, but the most enjoyable feature was the presentation to George H. Saults of a handsome club bag, with sterling fittings. 270 THE INLAND PRINTER The members selected this method of showing their appre¬ ciation of Mr. Saults’ painstaking work and efficient service as president of the board, an office which he has held since the organization was formed. Messrs. Douglass and Wil¬ son voiced the views of the members in eloquent terms, and though Mr. Saults was taken by surprise his equilibrium was not disturbed and he accepted the gift in a felicitous little speech. National Board of Arbitration. — This board met on April 5 at Indianapolis to hear evidence in appeals that came to it from Winnipeg, Manitoba, San Francisco, Cali¬ fornia, and Shreveport, Louisiana. Under the influence of the genial Indiana springtime sun the Winnipeggers effected an amicable agreement, without the official inter¬ vention of the board. The long-pending San Francisco controversy was settled by the men securing an increase of $2 a week, with back pay at the increased rate for nine- and said that the bureau was the most effective establish¬ ment of its kind in the world. The Bureau of Engraving and Printing has for years been so overcrowded and accom¬ modations so poor as to elicit from former Secretary of the Treasury Shaw the comment that it was a disgrace to any employer. Photoengravers’ Convention. — Secretary Clark, of the International Association of Photoengravers, announces that the annual convention will be held at the Hotel Kaaterskill, in the Catskill mountains, on July 6, 7 and 8. Unusual interest is being taken in the forthcoming meet¬ ing, members in California, Colorado and the Canadian Northwest having expressed their determination to be there. A specially attractive program is being prepared, and it is expected about two hundred people will be in attendance, as Monday, July 5, being observed as a holi¬ day will give engravers and their families an opportunity HELLO, SPORT ! ” teen weeks. President Lynch, Secretary-Treasurer Hays and Vice-President Miller represented the union at this meeting. The publishers’ interests were looked after by H. N. Kellogg, commissioner of their association, together with Charles H. Taylor, of the Boston Globe, and Henry N. Cary, of the St. Louis Republic. During the session, Mr. Taylor was called home on urgent business and Hilton U. Brown, of the Indianapolis News, finished his “ take.” Plate-printers Thank Coolidge. — Assistant Secre¬ tary of the Treasury Coolidge was, early in April, the recipient of laudatory resolutions from the Washington local of the International Plate Printers’ Union. The Bureau of Engraving and Printing is under the direct supervision of Mr. Coolidge, and the resolutions averred that conditions had been greatly improved through his interest in it and concern for the welfare of employees. The union expressed “ sincere gratitude for solicitude for the well-being of our craft, and a most profound appre¬ ciation for his high character as an administrative officer, man and citizen.” Mr. Coolidge thanked the committee, to spend almost a week of midsummer at the delightful Kaaterskill combining business with pleasure. Ben Franklin Club Organized at Minneapolis. — On the invitation of Minneapolis printers, Secretary Ellick, of the Ben Franklin Club, of Chicago, visited the northwest¬ ern metropolis, with the result that a Ben Franklin Club was organized on April 14. Mr. Ellick explained the need of cost systems in printing-offices and said “ ninety-nine per cent of employing printers I have met know very lit¬ tle about the actual cost of running their plants.” About two hundred were present, including a number of supply men, who spoke of contributing to the salary of a perma¬ nent official, if he could preach costs in contiguous country towns. They complain that in the hunger for work many printers in the smaller towns are doing it at prices which preclude their paying paper bills. The temporary officers of the club are as follows: President, G. L. Byron; vice- president, F. L. Thresher; secretary, Claude Kimball; treasurer, J. M. Clark. The board of directors is composed of the foregoing officers and H. T. Travis, C. N. Dickey, THE INLAND PRINTER 271 Frederick Scott, E. M. Spencer, J. 0. Davis and G. L. Byron. Mr. Denham, who is installing cost systems at Minneapolis, received fifteen requests for his services the morning after the meeting. Ben Franklin Club Activity in the West. — In his crusade for a money-making printing business, F. I. Ellick, of Chicago, dropped off at Sioux Falls and Omaha. At both places rousing meetings were held, and Ben Franklin Clubs organized. The printers of Lincoln (Neb.) have also formed an organization along the lines of the Chicago Ben Franklin Club. Making the Thing of Beauty Habitable. — The New York Herald building, while very satisfactory from an architectural standpoint, has been a disappointment in some of its practical features as they apply to the mechan¬ ical work of publishing a big newspaper. So much new machinery has been added from time to time that the composing-room is uncomfortably crowded and correspond¬ ing air-space taxed. The composing-room being at the top of the building, is low-studded, poorly ventilated and badly lighted. Every effort short of reconstructing the building has been made to remedy these defects and no expense spared. At a considerable cost the composing-room has just been fitted with another new ventilating plant. The powerful motors are reversed and, instead of pumping fresh air into the building, the foul air is withdrawn. The new system of keeping the floors of the room clean has also been devised and put into effect. — The Printing Trade News. Union Printers Aid Anti-Tuberculosis Campaigns. — Typographical Union No. 295 contributed $1 a man — $25 — to the fund being raised by physicians of Pensacola to secure the tuberculosis exhibit for that city. In for¬ warding the donation President Head said : “ The meth¬ ods of treatment in hospital tents employed at the Union Printers’ Home in Colorado Springs have been endorsed and are being used by the world’s greatest specialists in the treatment of this disease, which our experience has proved is not only preventable but curable in its primary stages. The great need of the people is education — an enlightenment as to the causes of consumption, how it may be prevented and how it may be cured. Just such exhibits as that contemplated by the National Anti-Tuberculosis Society will do this, and such education is just as essential to the welfare of every community as is the public-school system.” Newark Typographical Union voted $50 at its March meeting to the local committee of one hundred on tuberculosis. Women in Bureau of Printing Organize. — With the passing of the Roosevelt administration the women and girls employed to assist plate printers in the Bureau of Printing and Engraving organized a union. The purpose of the new organization is to secure an increase of wages from Congress and better working conditions from the bureau. Director Ralph is reported as saying he will cooperate with the union in remedying defects in the pres¬ ent building and pushing the new one to rapid completion. Among the grievances is the manner in which some women workers receive a portion of their pay from the men they work with. A local newspaper seized on this to base a story alleging that the morality of the employees had been investigated by the Women’s Civic Federation, and that fifty or so were put under the ban. This was vigorously resented by the women workers, but dire results were avoided by the paper making the amende honorable. A significant incident of the troubles of this union is that Miss Ann Morgan, daughter of John Pierpont Morgan, the financier, traveled from New York to Washington to attend a meeting, at which her friend and secretary, Miss Marbury, made a “ rousing speech,” calling on women workers to organize in unions, to the accompaniment of Miss Morgan’s ostentatious applause. Mrs. Borden Har- riman, and others of the four hundred, seem to be specially interested in this movement. I. T. U. Students Capture Prizes at Newark Ex¬ hibit. — The exhibition of printing given by Typographical Union No. 103 and the Master Printers of Newark, New Jersey, opened on April 12. Prizes were offered for the best designs for the title-page of a summer-hotel pros¬ pectus and for a diploma. There were ninety-eight entries for the cover and seventeen for the diploma. The judges — Willard L. Small, Henry M. Friend, Walter Mohler, Arthur Fettinger and Louis Wisa — met the day preceding the opening and awarded prizes. The winners in the prospec¬ tus class were Frederick A. Braun, first prize; T. Charles Price, second prize; T. Griffith Jones, third prize, and H. B. Winans, fourth prize; Frederick C. Helms, Arthur H. Farrow, Lewis H. Baldwin and Christopher W. Gaarder received honorable mention. In the diploma class were Arthur H. Farrow, first; William Albrecht, second; J. E. Salisbury, third, . and Thomas R. Miller, fourth. It later developed that three of the four highest prizes were cap¬ tured by students of the I. T. U. Course in Printing. Large Motor-driven Printing Plant.— One of the old¬ est and largest printing-offices in Texas, that of Clark & Courts, Galveston, has just completed the electrification of its drives. A recent order for twenty-one motors, placed with the Crocker- Wheeler Company of Ampere, New Jer¬ sey, makes a total of sixty-one Crocker- Wheeler motors in this plant. The motors just ordered are for the following purposes: A ten-horse-power motor for driving the ele¬ vator ; a two-horse-power and two three-horse-power motors for driving the cutters; a one-horse-power motor for driv¬ ing a group of numbering machines and another for driving a group of wire stitchers; a one-half-horse-power motor driving a box machine and another for driving a punch; eight one-fifth-horse-power motors driving ruling machines and a one-quarter-horse-power running a sewing machine. In the electrotype foundry there are two five-horse-power motors driving groups of machinery, a one-horse-power motor driving a blackleading machine and a three-horse- power motor furnishing power for a plating dynamo. The Clark & Courts establishment, which is four stories high, covers a whole block. The Public Printership.— A Bloomington (Ill.) paper recently announced that former Public Printer Leech would be restored to his old position by President Taft, and Public Printer Donnelly appointed to the position of assistant secretary of the Department of Commerce and Labor. As Bloomington is Mr. Leech’s home town, the announcement was regarded as being more than a mere rumor, especially as reports from Washington said a “ feel¬ ing ” existed there that some such change was on the tapis. Later it was reported in Washington that Mr. Donnelly “ stood pat ” and wanted to remain as Public Printer or retire from the Government service. The position of President Taft is given as being inclined to reappoint Mr. Leech, as he deemed him unjustly treated when he was forced to resign, which, by the way, is admitted by that gentleman’s enemies. But, on the whole, he feels another change in the office now would be a blunder and, while not changing his mind as to the great injustice done Mr. Leech, he will not make reparation in the manner first intended. Friends of Mr. Leech say that gentleman never 272 THE INLAND PRINTER did have any great fondness for the Public Printership, and accepted the office because he was ordered to do so by Mr. Roosevelt. Even after he broke with his superior he looked with pleasure on the prospect of going to the Phil¬ ippines, where he enjoyed better health than he did in Washington. These friends intimate that all talk of his ■being restored to his old position originated with President Taft, who now finds himself unable to do as he intended. Printing and the Kansas Legislature. — The man¬ agement of Kansas State Agricultural College endeavored to secure a large appropriation for its printing depart¬ ment from the Legislature, and though the Senate voted the money, the lower house struck out the appropriation. The opposition was inspired by the proposition of the school management to do county and State printing by stu¬ dent labor at a cost of about $1 a day, thereby depriving craftsmen of the cities and the country offices of what they regarded as their just dues. It was also urged that the college was neither intended for nor properly equipped to teach typography. The same Legislature gave the State Printer $10,000 for composing-room and bindery equip¬ ment and material during the coming two years, while a smaller appropriation was set aside for pressroom better¬ ments. State Printer McNeal claims that an experience of three years with a State-owned plant shows a saving of forty per cent in the cost of printing as compared with the contract system. Under the Kansas law the compensa¬ tion of workmen “ shall be no greater than that paid by other printing and binding offices employing the same class of labor.” HANDSOME CATALOGUE PRINTING. The Wilson Brothers Company, Rockford, Illinois, have recently produced an attractive catalogue for the Skandia Eurniture Company of that city. The cover is especially handsome, being embossed in gold and brown on brown stock and tied with brown silk cord. Artistic end papers do much to make the book attractive. But it is on the inner pages that the quality of the catalogue is most apparent. The half-tones, executed by the Rockford Illustrating Com¬ pany, are of the very best and, printed on heavy plate paper, they show the furniture designs to the best advantage. A NOVEL USE FOR ELECTRICITY IN PRINTING. To eliminate smearing of undried ink of sheets deliv¬ ered from a printing-press, an electrical method of drying has recently been perfected. The sheets as they leave the press first pass over electric heaters and, also, over a con¬ ductor carrying a current of very high tension, from which a discharge of electricity passes to the paper. The com¬ bined effects of the heat and the electric discharge, together with the ozone generated in the air by the latter, set the ink so that it can not smear. — Edison Monthly. A DREADFUL ANALOGY. The hypothetical question had just been asked, and the prisoner fell forward in a faint. All was confusion in the court-room. “ What is the matter with the prisoner? ” demanded the judge, hammering his desk madly. “ Nothing, your Honor,” groaned the unhappy man, as he came to. “ I was only thinking how long I should have "to serve if my sentence was as long as that.” — Harper's Weekly. POPULAR PRINTER ELECTED TO OFFICE. In electing Martin Richard Harrison Witter to the office of register, the people of St. Louis bestowed an honor on one of the best-known and most highly esteemed working printers on the continent. Enlisting at eighteen years of age, after the close of the Civil War he landed in St. Louis, securing work on the old Democrat, remained on the force when it became the Globe-Democrat, and has served as foreman of the composing-room for the past twenty-seven years. There is a well-grounded feeling abroad that Mr. Witter is not merely a foreman in the Globe-Democrat fam¬ ily, but a valued adviser to the powers that be. Always an active union man, in 1884 and 1885 Mr. Witter served as president of the International Typo¬ graphical Union. In that capacity he was instrumental in securing a gift of $10,000 from the late George W. Childs and Anthony J. Drexel. This became the nucleus of the fund that was used for the erection of the Union Printers’ Home at Colorado Springs. In union circles he is known as a leader among the conservative element. During his term the Knights of Labor rose to eminence in the labor world, and a marked feature of Mr. Witter’s administra¬ tion was the successful resistance of attempts to merge the typographical union in the new organization. A consistent Republican in politics, more than once has Mr. Witter refused preferment at the hands of his party. Eight years ago pressure was brought to bear to have him accept the nomination for register, but he declined. His friends are wondering why he accepted this year, and so, perhaps, is the successful candidate, whose ability to give satisfaction is a matter of course with those who know him and is not questioned by his foes. THE INLAND PRINTER 273 BUSINESS NOTICES This department is exclusively for paid business announce¬ ments of advertisers, and for paid descriptions of articles, machinery and products recently introduced for the use of print¬ ers and the printing trades. Responsibility for all statements published hereunder rests upon the advertisers solely. BOSTON STAPLE BINDER. This machine, which is said to be the nearest approach to a wire-stitching machine yet devised, is the product of the makers of the Boston Wire Stitcher. Its work resem¬ bles very closely that of the best wire stitching. The gen¬ eral selling agents, the American Typefounders Company, will send complete particulars to those interested. PRICES OF MORSE GAUGE-PINS. The Morse Gauge Pin Company, of Saratoga Springs, New York, announce a change in price of their adjustable gauge-pins. These were formerly sold for $2 a dozen, or $1 for a half dozen ; they are now sold for 30 cents a set, half dozen 60 cents and one dozen for $1.15. The lowering of the price has been made possible by improved methods of manufacture. _ ECLIPSE GAUGE-PIN. G. T. Jarnagin, of Perry, Iowa, has invented a very simple gauge-pin, which he calls the Eclipse, that presents many advantages. It is made of spring metal, with an adjustable tongue and diverging prongs at both front and Eclipse Gauge-pin. back, thus giving the gauge a double grip on the tympan. The pin is straight and pierces the tympan but once. The simplicity of the Eclipse gauge-pin renders its manufacture very easy, and it can be sold at a low price. Mr. Jarnagin is prepared to sell out his rights to the inven¬ tion, or license the manufacture of it on a royalty basis. THE UNIVERSAL LINE MEASURE. Chapler & Showalter, 6219 Alabama avenue, St. Louis, have a line-measure on the market that is being well received by the craft. The manufacturers are practical men, and the measure was devised to meet the needs that arose in their work. They describe it as being “ made from five-point spring brass and being one hundred agate lines long. It shows an inch measure, an agate measure (of fourteen lines to inch), also a pica and nonpareil measure. The center column shows the reduction of agate lines to picas and points, a feature no other measure possesses. When the ad. man receives an ad. with instructions to make it fifty agate lines deep with a nonpareil border around it, it necessitates him going to the slug-rack to find out how many picas it would take to make fifty lines of agate, all of which consumes valuable time. By glancing at the Uni- 2-8 versal Line Measure he will see that fifty lines of agate equal twenty-one picas and six points; deducting a nonpa¬ reil for the top and bottom border, would make the side border twenty picas and six points long. The measure saves many steps, does the calculating, saving much worry, and insures accuracy.” THE IMPROVED STAR COMPOSING-STICK. The Star Tool Manufacturing Company, of Springfield, Ohio, have added an improvement to their already success¬ ful composing-stick by the replacing of the former thumb¬ screw lock with a movable wedge lock, as shown in the Star Composing-stick, showing new wedge lock. accompanying illustration. This lock consists of a steel wedge placed beneath the knee band and knee, guided by a slot, and is operated quickly and conveniently by the thumb, the lock feeders being forced instantly into mesh. This takes the place of the screw formerly used, and is much quicker and more convenient in its action. NEW TYMPAN PAPER. The Detroit Sulphite Pulp & Paper Company, Detroit, Michigan, is manufacturing a line of Bristols and cover- papers from “ Mitschfiber ” stock, that has unusual strength and folding qualities. This company is making a tympan paper from this same material, under the name “ Platine Tympan,” that is smooth and very strong, with excellent wearing quality. Most printers appreciate the value of good tympan paper, and those who use the Platine Tympan praise it. UNAUTHORIZED USERS OF PATENTED PROCESSES LIABLE TO PROSECUTION. A number of times we have been asked to explain defi¬ nitely the method of application and manner of preparing the metallic overlay, but in deference to the rights of the manufacturers we have given only a brief outline of the work. Gilbert, Harris & Co., 158 Harrison street, Chicago, the makers of the metallic overlay, have, as a matter of pro¬ tection to themselves, found it necessary to bring suit for damages against a western printing concern, praying dam¬ ages at $5,000, for the unauthorized use of their method of producing overlays. They are gathering evidence against other firms for the basis for similar suits for damages. In an interview, Mr. Harris said : “ It seems strange that business concerns will stoop to such practices, especially when the charges for legitimate use are so slight. Thus far we have been extremely lenient with infringers, but we are now convinced that it is useless to show leniency to those who are deliberately damaging our property and, therefore, the present suit will be followed by others as fast as they 274 THE INLAND PRINTER can be properly prepared, and we are confident that dam¬ ages will be awarded in accordance with injury sustained. An invention that has been adopted and paid for by five hundred of the leading printers of the country should cer¬ tainly stand the test.” CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS DOWN TO DATE. “ Revised American Statesmen Series, Vol. 1,” is the title of a booklet just issued by the Carborundum Company, of Niagara Falls, New York, which will furnish consid¬ erable amusement to its readers. Christopher Columbus is the subject of the essay, and the author, F. W. Haskell, president of the Carborundum Company, brings out some new facts (?) concerning the discoverer of America that will surprise most of the historians. The booklet is designed to show the progress that has been made in devel¬ oping the carborundum industry since that useful abrasive was first discovered. STRIP LEAD AND RULE CABINET. The illustration herewith shows a most convenient cabi¬ net for the storage of full lengths of leads and slugs and brass rule. No device of the kind has heretofore been offered printers, a.nd this little cabinet will surely find a prominent place in composing-room furniture. This cabinet, which is made by the Hamilton Manufac¬ turing Company, of Two Rivers, Wisconsin, has seventeen vertical compartments, 1 inch wide, 6 inches in height, at the top of the cabinet, which will take 24-inch lengths of leads and slugs. Under the rule compartments are twenty vertical com¬ partments, 13-16 of an inch wide, 9 inches in height, which will accommodate 24-inch lengths of leads and slugs. On the right-hand end, underneath the overhanging top, is placed a drawer, running full depth of the cabinet and containing two compartments to receive the cuttings from Strip Lead and Rule Cabinet. the mitering machine and the lead-cutter; the cuttings being dropped into the drawer by an opening through the hardwood top into each compartment, one compartment for leads and one for brass. The drawer is removable, and can be dumped as required. At the bottom is a large compartment for storing the mitering machine and the lead-cutter, when not in use, thus allowing the top to be used for other working purposes. The entire front of the cabinet is closed by two swinging doors, secured by lock, which secures the valuable material stored therein under the direct care of the foreman or party holding the key. The cabinet occupies floor space 22% by 26 inches; height, 38 inches; weight, crated, 175 pounds. It sells for $32, less the usual discount. SAMUEL G. GREENFIELD. The Milwaukee territory of the American Typefounders Company, which is under the jurisdiction of the Chicago branch of that firm, will in future be in charge of Samuel G. Greenfield, formerly a well-known salesman of the New York branch. Mr. Greenfield is a native of Buffalo, New York, where he learned his trade as a printer, and has been foreman or superintendent of several first-class establishments. He is very popular, is thoroughly trained in his work, and his efficiency as a salesman will find ample scope in the terri¬ tory to which he has been promoted. His headquarters will be at the Wells building, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. AMERICAN FALCON PRINTING PRESS COMPANY. On May 1 the general offices of the American Falcon Printing Press Company, 346 Broadway, New York, will be transferred to the Rand-McNally building, Chicago, Illi¬ nois, with R. T. Sinclair, secretary-treasurer, in charge. S. P. Palmer will act as general eastern selling agent for the Waite Die Press at the old address in New York, while the New York-Gibbs-Brower Company will look after the interests of the Falcon in the east, at 261 Broadway, New York. The change has been effected with the view of keeping in closer touch with the rapidly growing western trade of the American Falcon Printing Press Company. SCHRELL-PIERSON STUDIO. Frank W. Pierson, vice-president of the Central Bureau of Engraving, New York city, and Paul E. Schrell, for the past eight years art director of the same firm, have dis¬ posed of their respective interests in it, and opened a fine studio in Suite 818, Temple Court, 5 Beekman street, New York. The new firm starts out under the very best auspices, with a complete equipment for the production of commer¬ cial art, photographic work, wash and pen-and-ink drawing and mechanical retouching. Mr. Pierson has had personal charge of the sales for the Central Bureau of Engraving for many years, and is well qualified to look after the requirements of the customers of the Schrell-Pierson Stu¬ dio. Mr. Schrell will doubtless be well remembered as the creator of many of the most successful advertising designs and illustrations for the Remington Typewriter Company, and other large manufacturing houses, his technic in the handling of machinery subjects being of a very high order. THE INLAND PRINTER 275 TYMPAN PAPER CABINET. The Hamilton Manufacturing Company, of Two Rivers, Wisconsin, has introduced another important labor-saver in the Tympan Paper Cabinet illustrated below. This fur¬ nishes an admirable receptacle for the flat storage of proper tympan stock cut to sizes, and its convenience and economy can not be questioned. Units can be arranged in pyramid form, as shown in the illustration, or a unit can be used separately and placed near the particular press in connec- Tympan Paper Cabinet. tion with which it is to be used. The units and the base are listed separately, and as many units of each size can be ordered as will be required to provide for the press outfit. The base is provided with a gauge-pin drawer. This base can be conveniently used in connection with units when arranged in pyramidal form, as shown in the illus¬ tration. The prices of the units range from $4 to $6.50. FINE EFFECTS FROM DOUBLETONE INKS. The rich appearance of Sigmund Ullman Company’s insert, in this number of The Inland Printer, is due to the use of their popular doubletone inks. The results on each picture were obtained by one impression from ordinary 133-line screen half-tones, made ready and worked off under normal conditions. The mat-finished stock and the corresponding effect in the ink gives an artistic quality to the subject which resembles photogravure. The various colors available makes it possible for the printer to choose an ink that will harmonize with any subject. The warm effect of the art-brown is noteworthy, as is the contrasty cold tone of the art-green ink. These inks have excellent working qualities, and may be used satisfactorily on either glossy or mat-finished surfaces. PATTERSON. GIBBS’ NEW CUT BOOK. Those who have been fortunate enough to receive the previous issues of stock-cut books, prepared by the Patter- son-Gibbs Company, Heyworth building, Chicago, will be glad to learn that a new edition is under way, which will contain a large variety of new and original cuts designed for the use of advertisers everywhere. Book No. 3 was pronounced by authorities to contain the most original and attractive cuts ever produced by any one firm, and there is reason to believe that Book No. 4 will be equally valuable to the man who does his own adver¬ tising. Years of experience, aided by natural talent for this work, enables the Patterson-Gibbs Company to design cuts that are pertinent for all purposes, and we do not believe there is any one, no matter what his business, who will not find several of these cuts adaptable for his advertising work. They solve the problem of “ How to Illustrate ” in a very satisfactory and original manner. TWO-COLOR BAG AND ROLL PRINTING-PRESS. The Giles Rotary Press illustrated below is especially adapted to the needs of the wholesale and jobbing house as well as for the paper-bag and roll-paper business. It is made in only one size, but in six different styles. The Printers’ Machinery Company, of Elkhart, Indiana, who handle this press, claim that it is more economical in opera¬ tion than platen presses for this special work, and that it is possible to print with it one hundred rolls of paper a day, while the output of the platen press is approximately ten rolls a day. All kinds of stock can be used, from the light¬ est tissue to 100-pound tag or manila board. The Giles Rotary has a roll or rewinding attachment and will print paper from large or jumbo rolls, slitting and rewinding into counter rolls, the width of roll being 40 inches. The cylinders are 36 inches in circumference and 40 inches long. On bag printing the impression surface is 30 by 38 inches. All bearings are mounted with improved ball-bearings, so that while the press is running at a high rate of speed there is no danger of overloading the motive power. The inking mechanism consists of two form rollers 3 inches, one vibrator 5 inches, one distributor 3 inches, one intermediate 3 inches, and one fountain-dip roller 3 inches diameter on each plate cylinder. The feeding device is as perfect as that of the ordinary cylinder press. There are no tapes or friction rolls, and when the bag or sheet is placed in position it is carried through the press, insuring a perfect register, the sheets being fed a second time for additional color, if needed. In printing bags in two colors, “ out of register ” is impos¬ sible, because, if the sheet or bag is fed crooked at first, the two colors register perfectly, as the grippers hold the work during the entire operation. The adjustments are easily made, all the parts being readily accessible, and the change from one to two colors quickly effected. 276 THE INLAND PRINTER COPYHOLDER FOR LINOTYPE MACHINES. The illustration below shows a copyholder of much merit. It is the invention of Charles K. Mayer, 328 South Second street, Mankato, Minnesota, to whom patents were recently issued and who has placed it on the market. There has been a long-felt want for something of this nature which would completely “ fill the bill ” and which would handle manuscript, reprint or a proofsheet with equal facility. It is a recognized fact that a great part of an operator’s time is consumed in handling copy, the size and nature of which embraces everything imaginable, which, without a good copyholder, is hard to follow, caus¬ ing a great loss in time and output. An operator who wants to increase his speed and get nearer the capacity of his machine must be able to handle his copy with as little loss of time as possible. To assist him in this the copy- holder here illustrated fills his wants completely, handling the large variety of “ stuff ” with such readiness as to earn its cost many times weekly in the increased output of com¬ position, to say nothing of the elimination of trouble, loss of time in losing one’s place on the copy and the resulting consequence of bad proofs. This copyholder is well built, though small, light and compact, in fact, can be carried in one’s overcoat pocket, as it measures only 15 by 4% by 1% inches, and weighs but 1.0 or 12 ounces. As it fastens onto the tray of the machine it will fit any model of Linotype, including the Junior, without any alteration of either copyholder or tray and can be put on or taken off in an instant, as it simply slips over the edge of the tray. The legs, which fold up when not in use, can be screwed down with the fingers, as shown in the illustration, preventing any vibration of the copyholder when the machine is running. The holder has a synclinal surface where the copy enters between the rubber-covered roll and guide, making it necessary to only shove the copy in and turn one of the thumb-screws at either end of the roller. This piece also affords a writing surface in case the operator wishes to write or make any notation on copy or proofsheet while in the holder. At the right-hand end of the copyholder is a matrix tray, used for stacking the matrices taken out of the line when making corrections. This tray holds just thirteen ems of matrices and when full they can be lifted with one operation and put into the assembling elevator. This little tray in itself saves the loss of much time in keeping the matrices stacked up perfectly and limiting their accumula¬ tion. Another feature of this copyholder which commends itself at a glance is the bringing of the copy directly in front of the operator, which is done by the holder projecting out from the left end of the tray several inches, bringing the center of a sheet of copy about even with the first three rows of keys on the keyboard. A descriptive circular giv¬ ing price of the above will be sent to any one addressing Charles K. Mayer, 328 South Second street, Mankato, Min¬ nesota. BECKWITH CALENDARS FOR 1910. The line of art calendars made by the Beckwith Com¬ pany, of Norwich, Connecticut, is one of the highest grade and best known on the market. This line is made up to sell the consuming trade in competition with those made by the exclusive houses and comprises everything from an envel¬ ope calendar to a large hanger, in both the duo and three color processes. Every subject is owned and copyrighted by the makers and is sold on a territorial contract. No contracts will be made which will interfere with each other — in other words, parties selling these goods have the exclusive control of them for their territory. The line will not be found in the hands of the jobbing trade, and can only be obtained direct from the makers. No contracts will be made for territory already covered, but there are still a number of good localities in which the line has not been contracted for. Printers making a specialty of cal¬ endar work will do well to take this matter up with the Beckwith Company. RAPID SEALING AND MOISTENING MACHINE. The James D. McLaurin Company, Incorporated, of New York city, are the sole owners of the “ Bulldog ” Gummed Tape Sealing Machine, a device of unusual merit. This machine is equipped with extra strong gummed tape of various colors, and when applied to wrapping package, large or small, it produces a very neat and securely wrapped package. It supersedes the old system of twine, rubber- “ Bulldog ” Gummed Tape Sealing Machine. bands, paste and sealing-wax, and many firms are taking advantage of good publicity by having their advertisement printed on the tape. To the printing industry, engravers, lithographers, stationers and paper-dealers the “ Bulldog ” Sealer will be of valuable service. The machine is substan¬ tially built, of convenient size, and works rapidly and accurately. GOOD ADVERTISING NEVER DIES. A striking instance of the lasting effect of intelligently directed advertising is shown in the case of C. B. Cottrell & Sons Company, the prominent firm of printing-press manufacturers whose works are at Westerly, Rhode Island. This company has just received an inquiry from abroad as THE INLAND PRINTER 277 the result of an advertisement printed in the Spanish lan¬ guage that was circulated at the World’s Columbian Expo¬ sition in Chicago in 1892. The announcement is soiled and yellow with time, but it is just as effective as when it first appeared. Somebody evidently carried it thousands of miles away from where it was issued, and preserved it for seventeen long years, where he could find it when he needed a Cottrell printing-press. JACKSON COST RECORDER. The accompanying illustrations show a machine that is of interest to every one concerned with printing-office economics. This is the Jackson Unit System Cost Recorder, by which a record is made on a single card of an employee’s incoming and outgoing, as well as elapsed time, and the time that he has spent on any number of jobs or operations. The mechanism is very simple, and is contained in an oblong wooden case, 22 inches in length by 6 inches square. In the front of this case is a steel slot into which a properly ruled card is inserted, the slot carrying two lips or projec- Interior view of Jackson Unit System Cost Recorder. tions for holding and guiding the card into its proper posi¬ tion for registration. On the right-hand side and midv/ay of the height of the case is a lever actuating a steel punch, which, when depressed, punches out an odd-shaped hole in the time-card corresponding to the printed time-scale on the card, and in unison with the time indicated by the master clock, to which the recorder is electrically connected. A single master clock is capable of actuating one or one thou¬ sand recorders. This master clock is arranged with an electrical contact dividing the hour into the period of time predetermined as the unit on which the system is based — it may be of five, ten, fifteen or more minutes’ duration. JOB COMP. A. Walters 12 Feb.24tk 21.00 . Job Name and No. Work. Turn . Arm 3 l 1 s i 5 Q “ fiuUjlj j)/n^ 0 It O 5 l : 3 / 2 0 5 2 o o- F 1 in * jojhJ 3llUz Guj Im 3i 2 Z l" 2 Qhu jo/m 3iiJZ Jyxjj 3 i (hs.Jn.jk ill zq /, 0 0 ( A(y - fJltU 3llS£ ut- m 3oqis 2 o n i - i 1 311 -TO lotwj) , 4 4 0-2 J 3i IsId / •4 Kg^Ufr« YOUNG “^llj^’ ^xperjence “/^n|;a“-b<^k2“d paper busi' THE INLAND PRINTER 281 Has: McCAFFERTY, H., 141 E. 25th st„ New York. 3-10 3|PHS3^ ?&s§=£ s wiws* imp :5~ESS- Fl^^Sf^^rio«9?r platen; can do 20 years’ expe- mS3@@£3* PR™rNWanSkASAwiiritchangg°e1 "tlcff ,08of#^L00^Sfp7p£ WSSS*?- 1* ‘5.*- Ink Manufacturers. A ”3S£V& g00d referenCeS W“tS s,TstTK«w.AK ., srflB ss^sfls. d',,r“ p“"- RAY, WILLIAM H„ PRINTING INK MFG. CO., 735-7-9 E. 9th st„ New ULCkvdand IOh?oTT C°” THE’ °ffiCe W°rkS’ 1592 Merwin st" jfg'W'> BARNHART BROTHERS & SPINDLER, Chicago, New, rebuilt. 7-9 •Ig?. g^gk^Xfe^nJT' machines’ “c Motors and Accessories for Printing Machinery. SLAmake EILPpplie^EL°Y’ 139 ““ St” ChiCag°' A1S° ^llO^ WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MFG. CO., Pittsburg, Pa. 11-9 0h,"‘p' - -vr °ES? SL^eS °SlEtdng mAachinesE tK™ ^^o^ Une.™ °f ^ 4-10 “ SHNIEDEWEND, PAUL, & CO., Chicago. 7-9 SHEPARD, THE H. 0., CO., 120-130 Sherman st„ Chicago. Write for esti- LEVY, MAX, Wayne av. and Berkeley st„ Wayne Junction, Philadelphia, SA^szi~zi~2r "“'Yhrk'^^SsI'^DMU'bOTii^S^'^Hcag^'^^tSdini^Ppiates.9 ^ H0^iSk ’SSSfSZ °UM TK NeW YOrk: FiSheir0b9ld" Yc2 EHr Up 282 THE INLAND PRINTER WA»£c& SS&SSS @^yKSocks’ nison WASWA^r&liS’ BINConi“rorst™hnaSde?ph“PANY’ 406 ^ St" ^ *pAi "lO-^ BUS. and^tablet'c'on WIHshe&dS1859VENS’ 1 ’■ 2-10 ^ PROMPT AND EXPERT IFE-GR of Paper C API PRINTERS ESrHHi LODGE CUT CATALOGUE WE PAY THE HIGHEST PRICE FOR WASTE PAPER GUGLIUCCI PAPER CO. 3. 5.7,9 Adies,. Providence. R. I. HAS^cSB^riS' 190-192 ConToslst’ and printers’ suppliei.9st DURANT MODEL B JOB PRESS COUNTERS Can be fi on all siz The W. N. DURANT COMPANY, , To Users of the Monotype Machine COLONIAL COMPANY Mechanic Falls, Maine We are Manufacturers of the Highest Grade of “LINO” P\K “AUTO” “STEREO” A “MONO” “ELECTRO” “COMPOSO” TYPE METAL Reg. U. S. Merchant & Evans Company (Successor to Merchant & Co., Inc.) Smelters and Refiners HAND= CUT OVERLAYS Made by some of the best pressmen in Michigan. Much can be learned by dissecting them. Six for $1. r A. JOHNSON . , t t , Corunna, Michigan ‘Rnndhind” *or the Trade ,ULf*F U.M1. We have put in a ROUGHING MACHINE, and should be pleased to fill orders from those desiring this class of _ _ tone pictures, gold-bronze printing, and, in fact, high-grade work of character, is much improved by giving it this stippled effect. All v given prompt attention. Prices on application. Correspondence inviteu. THE HENRY O. SHEPARD COMPANY 120-130 Sherman Street CHICAGO IXON’S Special Graphite No. 635 . — _____ - — should be used on Lino¬ type Space-Bands, Matrices, and wherever there is friction. Write for free sample 157. JOSEPH DIXON CRUCIBLE CO., Jersey City, N. J. New Practical and Economical ECONOMY QUADS GLOBE 1 Modern Monthly — About PATE'R 'THE PAPER DEALER gives the wanted information on the general and technical sub- jecto' $aper It will enable the printer to keep posted on paper, to buy advanta¬ geously, and to save money on his paper purchases. No dollar could be spent more profitably for a year’s reading. Printed on enamel book paper. SPECIAL OFFER— Enclose a doJlar N'. °r s‘amPs. U! lwiih. MI I tii or money_order, in your letter¬ head, and remit at our risk, and receive the paper for the year of 1909 and also a copy of our book, “Helps to Profitable Paper Selling.” Uh e PAPER. DEALER 1 5 S WASHINGTON STREET, CHICAGO CUTS for ADVERTISERS Our CUT CAT glWTEg BH8EKI SBL^TT E R S Kffi o,u PR,NT THEM -THE PRINTER HAS HIS UPS AND DOWNS ” CARBON PAPER for the PRINTER filial give you a few tips : line of samples for F WHITFIELD CAR] 1> New York City Auld’s Bodygum THE BLACK- CLAWSON CO. — HAMILTON, OHIO, U. S. A. — 3 Chilled -Iron Roller INK MILLS S*Ze\vTth,or^wHhou’t^Foppe^sC.^SolhiCorW^eI^Cooied?*ieS' ° bU,,d P“POT " Universal Wire Loop Let us send sample and quote you WIRE LOOP MFO. CO. THE GLOBE SPECIAL MACHINERY CO. JOS. E. SMYTH, Pres. Manufacturers of PRINTERS’, BOOKBINDERS’ AND ELECTROTYPERS’ MACHINERY Machinery Rebuilt and Repaired. Day and night force. No delays. Telephone, Expert mechanics. Monroe 456. 1 1-19 South Jefferson Street, CHICAGO. The PAASCHE Air Brushes are absolutely the best for coloring post-cards, calendars, novelties, show-cards, price tickets, advertising posters, signs, etc. Write us for catalog now. PAASCHE AIR BRUSH COMPANY 7-9 Blue Island Avenue CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Embossing is Easy IF YOU USE Stewart’s Embossing Board Simple — Economical — Durable Sheets, 6x9 Inches 80 Cents a Dozen, Postpaid The Inland Printer Company 130 Sherman Street, CHICAGO JuergensBros Co. Jlnnouncement | Oiv ao\d ecfterv^fay* 1 s-t J-uergerxs Bros. Co. will be lo ceded act 167 Ada.rcv.s St.,Ckiaujo occupyiiYg Z e retire floors. with, lecrger qviarters and better equipnverct aov.d tke irxstalladioiv of all m. oder rv irevprove- raervis eovd nxachiivery; witkjfacilities increased we will give our patroas better service than, ever DANISH BOND has become so well known by commercial men that every printer should carry it in stock. You can not afford to offer a substitute. THE QUALITY OF PAPER suggested and used by the local printer is of vital importance. Danish Bond is a fixed standard — a quality meeting the requirements of the most discriminating. DANISH BOND is a leader among all bond papers — very strong and durable, carried in nine dis¬ tinctive colors and white. Sample sheet will be supplied by your nearest agent, or write to us direct. TILESTON & LIVERMORE CO., Boston, Mass. WILKINSON BROS. & CO., Philadelphia, Pa. B. F. BOND PAPER CO., Baltimore, Md. DWIGHT BROS. PAPER CO., Chicago, Ill., and CENTRAL OHIO PAPER CO., Columbus, Ohio. BARBER & ELLIS CO., Ltd., Toronto, Ont.. and O. W. BRADLEY PAPER CO., St. Louis, m'o ,nmpe£’ Man- HUDSON VALLEY PAPER CO.. Albany, N. Y. R. M. MEYERS & CO., Rochester, N. Y. CARPENTER PAPER CO., Omaha, Neb. CARTER, RICE A: CARPENTER PAPER CO., Denver, Colo. KANSAS CITY PAPER HOUSE, Kansas City, Mo. E. C. PALMER & CO., New Orleans. La. McCLELLAN PAPER CO.. Minneapolis, 'Minn. BLAKE. MOFF'T & TOWNE. Los Angeles. Cal. PACIFIC PAPER CO . Portland. Ore. CRESCENT PAPER CO.. Indianapolis, Ind. R. H. THOMPSON CO., Buffalo, N. Y. B. D. RISING PAPER COMPANY HOUSATONIC, BERKSHIRE COUNTY, MASS. Makers of the well-known Housatonic, Barrington and Danish Bond. Linen and Ledger Papers. 284 The Press You Have Been Waiting For! “ Built by the People who Know How ” Send for New Descriptive Circular , Prices and Full Information New York Office 41 Park Row Walter Scott & Co. PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A. Chicago Office Monadnock Block scon ROTARY OFFSET PRESS MADE IN THREE SIZES No. 2 — 28 x 38 No. 3 — 32 x 46 No. 4 — 36 x 50 OTHER SIZES BUILT TO ORDER Patented Features Correctly proportioned Cylin¬ ders for absolute register at high speed. Finest Ink Distribution with correctly proportioned rol¬ lers and cylinders to give greatest distributing effect. Positive control of sheet from feeding until it is delivered. New Blanket Reels with indi¬ vidual clamp adjustment to perfectly tighten blanket. Quick-action Plate Clamps ad¬ justable at both ends. Finest Water Distribution with vibrating brass roller and minute adjustment. Instantaneous Ink and Water Roll Throw-offs. Perfect Sheet Delivery. Automatic Trips for Impres¬ sion and Transfer Cylinders. Hand or Automatic Feed. Any style or make of feeder can be applied. 285 ’kit33* II I C K < ) K Paper- Ruling Machines Ruling Pens ‘Bookbinders ’ Machinery UP The W. O. HICKOK MFG. CO. Web or Roll Disc Ruling Machine, with Cutting-Off Attachment HARRISBURG, PA., U. S. A. | We manufacture all types of Disc Machines J Established 1844 Incorporated 1886 SPECIAL TO CARDBOARD BOX MAKERS A revelation in Box Wire Stitchers. None but them¬ selves can be their parallel. A full line of these won¬ derful stitchers now ready for delivery. All paper box makers specially invited to inspect them. €| We are headquarters for all sizes of stitching wire of the best quality by the case or ton. Printed matter on application The J. L. Morrison Co. 143 WORTH STREET, NEW YORK CHICAGO LONDON TORONTO , LEIPZIG, GERMANY Full Equipments of the Latest and Most Improved ROLLER-MAKING MACHINERY FURNISHED ESTIMATES FOR LARGE OR SMALL OUTFITS JAMES ROWE 241=247 South Jefferson St., CHICAGO. ILL. LINOTYPE & MACHINERY COMPANY, Ltd., European Agents, 189 Fleet Street,/ London, England * Bind your Inland Printers ^ with an ARNOLD SECURITY BINDER ff Ul I AKJKK Artistic :: Simple :: Durable NO TOOLS, PUNCHING OR STITCHING - YOUR HANDS THE ONLY TOOLS THE “ARNOLD SECURITY BINDER” is the modern method of keeping your magazines together and in good condition. It has the finished appearance of a bound book and is the ideal magazine cabinet, keeping the magazines fresh and in consecutive order. It can be used as a permanent binding or emptied and refilled as the magazines become out of date. A magazine can be inserted or removed at any time without disturbing the others. I Binder for One Volume, six issues, $1.00 Two Binders, covering full year, $1.80 Address, THE INLAND PRINTER . 120-130 Sherman Street, CHICAGO 286 Superb Gauges for Your Art Jobbers This is what comes from a leading printers “The Megill Automatic Register Gauge arrived all right, and to-day we tried it and are pleased to advise you that this is one of the best devices we have ever seen for a printing-office. So well do we think of it that we ask you to send us by express or regis¬ tered mail, whichever is the cheaper, three more of them. We might also add that we have had on trial a gauge known as the - and found it absolutely unsatisfactory.” Sold by all Typefounders. FREE BOOKLET. ENCLOSE PRICE. Edward L. Megill e Mefgill’s Patent DOUBLE-GRIP GAUGE. MedUI’s Patent SPRING TONGUE GAUGE PIN. ,eal thing in a GAUGE PIN. Very handy. $1.80 PRIOR’S AUTOMATIC moto g^calr SHOWS PROPORTION AT A GLANCE No figuring — no chance for error. Will show exact proportion of any size photo or drawing — any size plate. SIMPLE — ACCURATE. Being transparent, may be placed upon proofs of cuts, etc., and number of square inches de¬ termined without figuring. Price, $2.00. Sent postpaid, on receipt of price, by The Inland Printer Co. ee, $2 per annum. Dawbarn & Ward, Ltd., 6 Farringdon Ave., London, E. C. AMERICAN AGENTS: Messrs. Spon & Chamberlain, 123 Liberty Street, New York West Baden French Lick Springs Over night from your office — come back feeling like a new man. You can have complete rest — -and just enough entertainment to enjoy yourself without exertion. Dreamy music in large rotunda — bowling, billiards, golf, or horseback riding among the Cumberland Hills. The famous waters are excellent for stomach complaints. West Baden-French Lick Springs are beautifully situated in Indiana, 300 miles south, on the l?,hl, 'lil, 1:1.11111 FRANK J. REED, G. P. A. CHICAGO E. P. COCKRELL, A. G. P. A. 287 OPENS WITH THE FOOT Justrite Oily Waste Can For Printers, Engineers and Machine Shops EXAMINED and TESTED by the NATIONAL BOARD OF FIRE UNDER WRITERS, and Listed by their Consulting Engineers. ADVANTAGES of the JUSTRITE The Patented Foot Lever opening device is so convenient that it obviates all desire to block the cover open, thereby greatly increasing the efficiency of the JUSTRITE can over all others. This feature appeals to all users of oily waste or refuse cans. FOR SALE by leading printers’ supply houses and hardware dealers, or write us direct for circulars and prices. THE JUSTRITE COMPANY 218 Lake Street CHICAGO, U. S. A. Nuernberger=Rettig Sortcaster USES ANY MAKE MA T N. & R. LINO. MONO. COMPOSO. FOUNDRY AND CASTS SOLID TYPE A Simplified Foundry Caster No Molds to Adjust No Grooving Knives Molds Water Cooled LINE - SET- HEIGHT- BODY Same at all times PAMPHLET AND SAMPLES ON REQUEST Universal Automatic Typecasting Machine Co. Carroll Ave. and Sheldon St., Chicago Inks that are used in every country where printing is done. iKaat Sc iEIjittgrr (Smnattg Manufacturing Agents for the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico Charles Hellmuth Printing and Lithographic The World’s INKS Originators Standard Three and OF EVERY DESCRIPTION of Solvine Four Color DRY COLORS, Process Inks VARNISHES, etc. New York Bi-Tones Gold Ink 154-6-8 W. 1 8th Street that work worthy of Hellmuth Building clean to the the name Chicago 355-7-9 S. Clark Street Poole Bros. Building last sheet AMSTUTZ’ HAND-BOOK OF PHOTOENGRAVING Being an enlargement of and revision of Jenkins’ Manual of Photoengraving By N. S. AMSTUTZ With supplementary chapters on the Theory and Practice of Half-tone Colorwork by Frederick E. Ives and Stephen H. Horgan This is the most comprehensive and practical work on this subject ever published, and has received the endorsement of leading men in the craft Trice , $3.00 prepaid " Chicago St- THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 16 Nassau Street NEW YORK 2-9 2S9 The Morse Adjustable Gagje Pin A A Twentieth Cen¬ tury Convenience for PRESSMEN! FOR TRIAL One set (3 pins) for - - 30c. Half dozen ■ 60c. One dozen - $1.15 THE MORSE GAGE PIN COMPANY Ts!Trer70s^ Mr. Platen Pressman: We will sell you Receiver’s Sale of Printing Plant In pursuance, and by virtue, of a decree of the Circuit Court for the County of Wayne, State of Michigan, in Chancery, made and entered on the sixteenth day of April, A. D. 1909, in a certain cause therein pending, wherein UNION TRUST COMPANY, TRUSTEE, is complainant, and WINN AND HAMMOND, a Corporation, is defendant, NOTICE is hereby given that I shall sell, at public auction, to the highest bidder, at the southerly, or Congress Street, entrance to the Wayne County Building, City of Detroit, County of Wayne, State of Michigan (that being the building in which the Circuit Court for the County of Wayne is held), on MON¬ DAY, THE SEVENTEENTH DAY OF MAY, A. D. 1909, at twelve o’clock, noon, standard time, on said day, — all of the plant and property of said defendant, situate and being at and in the premises described as Nos. 152, 154 and 156 Wayne Street, in the City of Detroit, Michigan, said property being more particularly described as all machinery, tools, printing and binding apparatus, fixtures, stock — on hand, in process of manufacture and manufactured — bills and accounts receivable, GOOD = WILL and all other property of every kind and description and wherever situated belonging to the said mortgagor. HENRY G. NICOL, Circuit Court Commissioner. RUSSEL, CAMPBELL, BULKLEY AND LEDYARD, 'Mnin UNION TRUST CO., Ti I Receiver DETROIT, MICHIGAN The HUMAN FIGURE ~zo clohu CONFIDENCE THE SECRET OF OUR SUCCESS ®£)/0mso$ l&ffnei' Qigfiviny Q. DENVER USCOLORTYPE PRESS c OLO. WE FURNISH THIS SUBJECT FOR NEWSPAPER INSERTS WRITE. FOR THE LARIAT THE BEST ENGRAVING HOUSE ORGAN PUBLISHED - -<-i~r~a» ®co z "ffie Miller SPECIAL- PURPOSE Saw-Trimmer Identical with the well-known "Universal" type except that it is limited in scope to — SAWING for cutting slugs TRIMMING FOR SQUARING CUTS FOR CUTTING RULE MITERING ======== 1 Sawing and Trimming to point measure, mitered or straight, at a single operation. C.This new "SPECIAL-PURPOSE" embodies the same princi¬ ples, and as far as it goes, the same details of construction as our Universal Machine. It costs less because of the simplified form, made possible by confining its scope to the purposes named. Write for the story in full. Miller Saw-Trimmer Co. MILWAUKEE 293 CORRECT AND DISTINCTIVE COMMERCIAL STATIONERY is of vital importance to the progressive business man. When you compare quality of STEEL DIE EMBOSSING WORK with that commonly termed “high-grade” stationery, the price may be slightly more — but the quality and character of work far surpasses. The Local Printer can act as our representative, secure orders and send them to us. We will execute the work for you at a price enabling you to realize a “snug” profit. PEERLESS MOTORS have acquired a reputation through “peerless” methods of quality — SERVICE. THE ECONOMICAL AND UNIFORM POWER derived from the use of our Motors is a vital point to be considered by the printer. The use of PEERLESS individual Motors on cylinder presses has become a known factor of saving. The idle press when con¬ trolled by electricity does not continue expense. Not so with other methods of power. YOU SHOULD INVESTIGATE OUR PROPOSITION I Let us send you full particulars. | Let us explain our system. Write to-day THE PEERLESS ELECTRIC COMPANY Factory and General Office . WARREN, OHIO ANDERSON BUNDLING PRESSES Have conclusively demonstrated their superiority over any on the market to¬ day. They lead on every point worthy of consideration — power, convenience, strength, durability, design and work¬ manship. These are not mere claims, but facts — facts which we are ready to prove to you at any time. We have a list of several hundred users. Perhaps you would like to talk with some of them. Write us and we will refer you to those in your vicinity. C. F. ANDERSON & CO., 394-398 Clark Street, CHICAGO 294 Printers’ Patent Form Truck SOMETHING NEW! Makes the handling of forms safe and preserves chases. A sprung chase costs you many delays in printing. Spaces work up. Register is bad. Slurring is prominent. Investigate this utility. It’s adjustable. Easy sailing through narrow aisles. No men called from their work to help lift forms. A good imposing stone in any part of the house. Berlin — S. Kochanski. London — Parsons Trading Company. - Ask us to send you Circulars - = MASHEK MANUFACTURING COMPANY - 592 WEST LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. Eastern Agents — F. WESEL MANUFACTURING CO., 70-80 Cranberry Street, Boro, of Brooklyn, NEW YORK There Is Genuine Satisfaction in knowing just how you stand every hour in the day. A successful printer can not conduct a thrifty business without applying system to his work. A cost system, simple, with no red tape, can be easily established in your print-shop. Its workings will tell you every hour of the day your cost of operation and net profits, enabling you to figure on jobs intelli¬ gently. Once installed, this system need never be changed, no matter how your business grows. There Is No Use in Guesswork about your business. By arrangement with the Cost Depart¬ ment of the Inland Printer Technical School I am prepared to install personally in a limited number of printing offices this modern safeguard method. Full particulars on application to M. J. BECKETT Inland Printer Technical School 120-130 Sherman St., Chicago The Giles Rotary ES Two-color Bag Printing Presses, Two-color Roll Wrapping- paper Printing Presses, Two-color Bag and Roll Wrapping- paper Printing Presses, One-color Roll Wrapping-paper Printing Presses, One-color Bag Printing Presses. All classes of Stereotyping Machinery. Special Printing Machinery designed and built. PRINTERS’ MACHINERY CO., ELKH.ASRTA. IND- DRAWING FOR PRINTERS By ERNEST KNAUFFT, Editor of The Art Student, and Director of the Chautauqua Society of Fine Arts. THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago 116 Nassau Street, New York A practical treatise on the art of designing and illustrating in connection with typog¬ raphy, containing complete instructions, fully illustrated, for the beginner as well as the more advanced student, which will enable any one who has a desire to learn drawing, whether connected with the printing craft or not, to become as profi¬ cient in the art as it is possible to be through the study of books. Full cloth; 240 pages; over 100 illustrations. Price, $2.00. 295 Folders for Every Purpose Twenty -eight years of Folder building. We ask every Printer and Binder to share our experience and knowledge. MAGAZINE FOLDER Folds Quadruple Sixteens with signatures cut open Dexter Auto-clamp Cutter Simple Positive Accurate ‘Built for Service Our latest model is the highest type of Auto -clamp Cutter. A trial demonstration will be given on every feature. Cross Continuous Feeders No stops for loadmg The acme of Simplicity Efficiency. With all ordinary conditions these Feeders will give 100% output. Jobbing Folder and Feeder SEVENTY-FIVE per Cent of the regular Bindery Work is handled by this Folder. Men trained by years of study and service are ready to work with you on any problem in Folding, Feeding, Cut¬ ting or Bookbinding. Dexter Folder Co. 290 Broadway .... NEW YORK 315 Dearborn Street . . CHICAGO 185 Summer Street . . . BOSTON 645 Battery Street, SAN FRANCISCO Southern Agents DODSON PRINTERS’ SUPPLY CO., Atlanta EIGHT HOURS OR NINE HOURS? If your plant is running fifty-four hours a week, or forty-eight hours a week, we can cut the time of figuring your pay-roll to the minimum, and greatly lessen the liability to error. Nine-hour-a-day Wag£e Calculator shows the amount for every quarter hour from one-quarter hour to a full week of fifty-four hours, calculated for each quarter dollar of wages from $1.00 to $25.00 a week . Price, $3.00 Ei^ht-hour-a-day Wa^e Calculator shows amount for every quarter hour from one quarter hour to a full week of forty-eight hours, calculated for each half dollar of wages from $3.00 to $30.00 a week . Price, $3.00 Either book will save its cost in figuring one pay-roll. Sent postpaid on receipt of price by rrii t l i r» • i i 120-130 sherman street. Chicago Ine Inland Jrrmter t^ompany no Nassau street ... new york The American Steel & Copper Plate Co 116 NASSAU STREET, NEW YORK HEADQUARTERS FOR PHOTO-ENGRAVERS’ SUPPLIES LAKE SUPERIOR COPPER SATIN FINISH BRAND Le Pages Clarified Glue Extra Quality Proving Inks Louis De Jongs Proving Papers Rubber Bound Bristle and Camels P Brushes REQUISITE AND IDEAL PRINTING FRAMES 358 DEARBORN STREET CHICAGO, ILL. 298 The announcement of a new sample -book is not so rare as to occasion any undue excitement, yet there are sample -books and sample -books and, again, sample -books. The WORONOCO BOOKS are Sample -books; not the ordinary garden variety, in other words. The two show 2 1 5 different kinds of papers ; Bonds, Linens, Ledgers, Books and Covers. Some are standard papers, some are special and every one of them as practical as it is good. The two books have been printed by some mighty good printers, so they not only contain ideas, but generate them, and ideas are worth money. If you haven’t received your set, it doesn’t necessarily mean you are not on our list; yet if we were you we would find out whether one was coming. It will be worth having the set to show your customers you have all the new things, if for nothing else. Remember, the books are for responsible printers, publishers, advertising men, designers, and large consumers of high-grade advertising literature. WORONOCO PAPER CO. WORONOCO, MASS., U. S. A. 299 Printer and Publisher is the Canadian printer’s local paper. It is the only printing journal in Canada and is the organ of the Canadian Press Association. You know the value of a local paper to the advertiser; you realize its direct benefits to the reader in keeping him fully informed on what is going on in his own locality. Every month ubli$hef goes to all parts of Canada from coast to coast, covering the en¬ tire field. With its news of the month in gos¬ sipy form and various useful features, which make it a practical aid to the printer, its advantages to the adver¬ tiser who wants to cover the Canadian field and do it thoroughly can not be questioned. Send for rate card and further information Dinse, Page & Company Electrotypes Nickeltypes Stereotypes - ( 1 129-437 LA SALLE ST. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS fELEPHONE, HARRISON 7185 HOOLE MACHINE & ENGRAVING WORKS 29-33 Prospect Street ill Washington Street BROOKLYN, N. Y. — - - “HOOLE” Check End - Name Printing Machine A Job of 500 End Names can be set up and run off on the “HOOLE” Check End-Name Printing Machine at a cost of nine cents, and the work will equal that of the print¬ ing-press. Let us refer you to concerns who are getting the above results. Published every month in Toronto, Montreal, Winnipeg End-Name, Numbering, Paging and Bookbinders’ Machinery and Finishing Tools of all kinds. FI" 300 THE really Progressive Printer in consid¬ ering the purchase of a new cylinder press sums it up thus wise: 1 need a press that’s always there ; that gives quick results for the time spent in making ready; that’s handy to work around ; that’s easy to operate ; that has no off days ; that’s dependable in every way; whose use will show at the end of the year a balance on the right side of the ledger — and he buys a WHITLOCK Isn’t it time for you to get in line, too ? AGENCIES COVERING, AMERICA AND EUROPE | AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO. Chicago, St. Louis, Cleveland, Cincin¬ nati, Minneapolis, Kansas City, Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Dallas. Messrs. J. H. SCHROETER & BRO., 44 West Mitchell Street, Atlanta, Ga. Messrs. T. W. & C. B. SHERIDAN, io J ohnson’s Court, Fleet St. , London, E.C. The WHITLOCK PRINTING-PRESS MANUFACTURING COMPANY DERBY, CONN. NEW YORK, 23d Street and Broadway Fuller (Flatiron) Building BOSTON, 510 Weld Building, 176 Federal Street 301 Common or Preferred I I “Common” or “Preferred” applies to Eledrotypes and Nickeltypes as well as docks. You have had experience with the common kind. No use to talk about them. The results from our ELECTROTYPES and NICKELTYPES are equal in printing qualities to the patterns from which they were made, without infliding injury upon the originals. Acme Electrotype Company 341 Dearborn Street, Chicago Time is Money In a Printing Plant You can save time — enough of that wasted time which you and your employees now spend in stair¬ climbing and running around, to effect a consider¬ able saving in operating expenses; this means larger profits. You can do this by installing a Western Electric Automatic Inter communicating Telephone System. Such a system is complete in itself. It requires no operator. It calls only for a small investment. It pays for itself in a few months’ time and enables wooden Je7for°waii you to be, in fact , complete master of your plant, Mounting, because it enables you to get in instant touch with any of your departments. We have all types of intercommunicating telephones for any number of stations and for every condition of service. It will pay you to write our nearest house for Bulletins Nos. 2244, 2245 and 2266. 302 Where Buckeye Shows Best Our sample book, alone, will not give you an adequate idea concerning the superiority of Buckeye Cover. You must have the sample book; but to have it make you thoroughly “Buckeye Wise” you must put it alongside a line of higher priced covers. In no other way can you arrive at a full appreciation of the profit possibilities that lie in the use of Buckeye Cover to duplicate your competitor’s effect at a lower price. Buckeye Cover works and wears better, and looks as well, as most covers sold for double the money. It bulks thick for its weight, folds easily, and comes in so many tints and shades that you can almost allow your customers to specify the color of the stock as they do the color of the ink. Buckeye Cover is moreover the only cover at anywhere near its price that will invariably emboss without cracking. Buckeye Cover enables you to give your customers better work for the same money and enables you to make a bigger profit on the same work. Send for sample book and make the test yourself — or ask one of the following jobbers for sample sheets : BUFFALO, N. Y. CHICAGO, ILL. CINCINNATI, OHIO CLEVELAND, OHIO COLUMBUS, OHIO DAYTON, OHIO DETROIT, MICH. INDIANAPOLIS, IND. NASHVILLE, TENN. PITTSBURG, PA. ROCHESTER, N. Y. ST. LOUIS, MO. — The Ailing & Cory Co. — James White Paper Co. * (Ulster Cover), f The Chatfield & Woods Co. ! The Whitaker Paper Co. *( Highland Cover), j The Cincinnati Cordage & Paper Co. *( Psyche Cover). [ The Diem & Wing Paper Co. — The Union Paper & Twine Co. — The Central Ohio Paper Co. *( Montrose Cover). The Keogh & Rike Paper Co. — The Union Paper & Twine Co. j C. P. Lesh Paper Co. \ Indiana Paper Co. / The Whitaker Paper Co. \ Graham Paper Co. / The Ailing & Cory Co. \ The Chatfield & Woods Co. — The Ailing & Cory Co. — Graham Paper Co. *( Peerless Cover). The Beckett Paper Company Makers of Good Paper in Hamilton, Ohio, since 1848 Automatic Presses for roll or sheet products — printing one or both sides of the web one or more colors. Num¬ bering, perforating, interleaving, etc. All in One Operation Save Floor Space Power Advise principal sizes and class of work so that we can offer suggestions as to suitable size and style press and quote prices. MEISEL Press & Mfg. Co. 944 to 948 Dorchester Avenue, BOSTON, MASS. Special Presses for Cash Salesbooks, Tickets, Wrapping Paper, Labels, Wrappers, Bills of Lading THE NEW STATIONERS’ MAGAZINE NOT A NEWSPAPER Devoted exclusively to promoting the selling end of the retail stationery business Mattfo 120-130 SHERMAN STREET, CHICAGO Edited and managed by the same efficient corps of men who control The Inland Printer , aided by some of the best and most practical stationers in the country. DEPARTMENTS: Window Dressing Shelf and Counter Display Salesmanship Lettering for Stationers Stationers’ Advertising Stationery Store Management EIGHTY PAGES. FULLY ILLUSTRATED Subscription Rate .... $1.50 per year Send for sample copy, 15 cents WE MAKE THE FOLLOWING SIZES 4/4 x 9, 3 54 x 8, 214 x 8, 214 x 4 Inches U SERS of our presses, who are in a position to know by comparison , say that our ma¬ chines are less likely to get out of order ; require the least repairing; yield more in a given time at a less cost, and produce a class and variety of work excelled by none. An investigation will prove it. C. R. Carver Company N. E. Cor. 15th and Lehigh Ave. PH I LADELPH I A, PA. THE NEW CARVER Automatic Stamping and Embossing Press Size, 4% x 0 304 Quality Quantity ” Quietly Prouty Without effort or strain; results assured; profits inevitable and perfect satisfaction universally OBTAINABLE THROUGH ANY RELIABLE DEALER Boston Printing Press & Machinery Co. 176 Federal Street, BOSTON, MASS. NEW Wing-Horton Mailer Some of the largest and most progressive publishers in this and foreign countries are adopting the WING- HORTON MAILER. There is a Reason ! Would it net pay you to investigate ? Full particulars supplied on request. CHAUNCEY WING, Manufacturer . . Greenfield, Mass. COVER AND BOOK PAPERS 210 MONROE STREET - - - CHICAGO Masterpieces in Type The type faces which we have designed for printing in imita¬ tion of lithography are recognized as masterpieces. If you haven’t seen them, send for specimens of Litlio Roman Bold Litlio Condensed Litlio Title Litho Roman You cannot afford to be without one or more of these trade winners. Inland Type Foundry SAINT LOUIS CHICAGO NEW YORK 2-10 305 The Star Composing Stick is Perfect, But-- --The Steel WEDGE LOCK Makes It Better By a recent improvement in the locking device (the thumb-screw) of the movable knee, we have added another advan¬ tage. THE WEDGE LOCK, being a steel wedge placed between the knee-band and knee, guided by slot, quickly operated with thumb, instantly forces locking device into mesh. A more rapid action and far more convenient. With this improvement the Compositor will have the most perfect composing stick manufactured. This adjustable stick, graduated, can not slip ; is instantly set, and is not affected by any amount of “squeeze.” A perfectly reliable, rigid knee, absolutely accurate, con¬ venient, and “comfortable.” Scientifically constructed of high-grade polished materials, beautifully finished, made in popular sizes. You do not find alj these good points in others. It saves “kicks” because no time is lost fussing around trying to set a truly rectangular form. Dropping on the floor does not disturb the measure. Once set, it can not slip and “stays put” regardless of carelessness. It is lighter and neater, more convenient to handle, less tiresome than any other stick. It is more quickly set than any other. Graduated to half-ems, it has no eccentric movement. .It can not be wedged out of measure by tight spacing. It has no holes to wear larger nor pins to wear smaller as in other sticks. The grooves will not be worn by continued use. It has the proper allowance for “squeeze” to make lines lift when locked up with machine-set matter. A multiple of short measures set in this stick make up properly With lines set the combined length of the short ones. This is true of no other stick. It has more capacity by 6 to 8 ems than any other stick of equal size. It is the longest-lived graduated stick made. This Stick is manufactured in both nickel-plated steel and brass. Send for our new booklet. FOR SALE BY SUPPLY HOUSES GENERALLY THE STAR TOOL MFG. COMPANY 17 West Washington Street, Springfield, Ohio, U. S. A. A Rapid Package Sealer ESPECIALLY ADAPTED to various uses in Binderies, Printing Plants, Lithographers, Photo-engravers, Stationers, Paper Dealers and Die Embossing Establishments. This modern device has no equal, does away with the untidy twine, sealing-wax, rubber band or paste system of wrapping packages. Saves time in shipping-room. Its gummed tape (strongest adhesive qualities) when applied to package by our “BULL DOG” Sealer produces a thoroughly secured and perfectly wrapped package. The tape can also be printed with your name and address, thereby creating publicity of your business. With the use of this Rapid Sealer all packages will leave your establishment carefully and artistically wrapped, which is an important factor in the eyes of your customer. Send us your order to-day. It will pay for itself as an advertisement and as a credit to your business. JAMES D. McLAURIN CO., Inc. P. O. Box 1241 NEW YORK. U. S. A. 306 To producers of good business stationery The printer or lithographer who secures the best paper values for himself can, in turn, give his customers the most for their money in finished stationery. And, giving the customer best value is the only known method of building up a profitable printing or lithographing business. Pinching on paper quality to reduce prices does not produce better values — rather the con¬ trary. The problem is to secure the lowest possible prices on fixed standards of quality. We have solved it for you. By selling bond and writing papers direct to responsible printers and lithog¬ raphers, never through jobbers, and only in case lots of 500 pounds or more , we have cut the usual selling and dis¬ tributing costs practically in half. We have made every one of the five grades of bond paper and five grades of writing paper called a standard of value because of its unequaled quality and uniformity at its price. If you believe in the modern method of build¬ ing your business by giving best values, send for the May number of our interesting house organ — Wroe’s Writings — and get all the story. It will both make you and save you money. In the next column is reproduced one of our May advertisements that are being read by a million business men in System, World’s Work, Outlook, Review of Reviews, Profitable Adver¬ tising, Factory and other magazines. This advertising is producing new customers for the wise printers and lithographers who buy our highest grade — Construction Bond. It will do the same for you. Read the ad. carefully and send at once for the May Wroe’s Writings, which gives complete size, weight, color and price-list of all our papers. Write W. E. WROE & GO. Mill Agents Warehouse Stocks 313 Michigan Boulevard, Chicago The value of every sales -producing effort must be measured by its comparative cost . Whatever costs more must produce more in proportion, or it’s a waste of money. But there is always some price that gives the maximum result per dollar invested. In your business stationery you can secure a real sales-producing dig¬ nity and impressiveness at a price that gives you the maximum result for your money — if you specify CONSTRUCTION BOND It has all the essential qualities of the most expensive papers, and because it is sold direct to responsible printers and lithographers, never through jobbers and only in case lots of 500 pounds or more, you save the usual costs of dis¬ tribution and secure Impressive Stationery at a Usable Price Some hundreds of the most important printers and lithographers who give best value, recommend Construction Bond for these reasons. If yours refuses to supply you, write us on your business letter-head for Portfolio of Specimens and the names of those in your locality who will supply you. Write to-day. W. E. WROE & GO. 313 Michigan Boulevard, Chicago 307 TWO-COLOR 15 x 18 HARRIS PRESS $2,550 Good as new. Has not run over 1,000,000 impressions. Envelope attachment and Motor included. Cost, $3,725. Out of its class in present office. Address , E 167, care Inland Printer, Chicago, Ill. The BEST and LARGEST GERMAN TRADE JOURNAL for the PRINTING TRADES on the EUROPEAN CONTINENT iratarljpr limb- unh PUBLICATION Devoted to the interests of Printers, Lithographers and kindred trades, with many artistic supplements, Yearly Subscription for Foreign Countries, 14s. 9d. — post free. Sample Copy, Is. Snttadjn* litrlr- nnh Ji’trmltntrkrr 19 DENNEWITZ-STRASSE - - - BERLIN, W. 57, GERMANY Read by British and Colonial Printers the World over. (Thr Untislj friutn* Every issue contains information on trade matters by specialists. Reproductions in colors and monochrome showing modern methods of illustrating. All about New Machinery and Appli¬ ances. Trade notes form reliable guides to printers and allied traders. Specimens of jobwork form original designs for lifting. PUBLISHED BI-MONTHLY. $2 per Annum, post free. Specimen Copy sent on receipt ol 35 Cents. - PUBLISHED BY - RAITHBY, LAWRENCE £y CO., Ltd. LEICESTER and LONDON American Representative , A. O’Donoghue, 535 W. 125th St., NewYork THE NATIONAL MACHINE CO., 111-135 Sheldon Street, Hartford, Conn., U.S.A. SOLE MANUFACTURERS GALLY IMPROVED UNIVERSAL PRESSES 17x25 inside chase. The largest Platen Printing- Press in the World. 30 x 44 inside chase. The Largest in the World. The Cutting and Creasing Presses are built in 5 styles and are the Most Powerful and Largest Made in the World. No. I - - - 20x30 inside chase No. 2 - - 23 % x 31 inside chase No. I 'A - 22% x 30K “ No. 3- - 27x40 No. 4 - - 30x44 inside chase 4 Styles Printing Presses — 5 Combinations 3 Styles Embossing Presses Stamping Press Sold by all reputable dealers in the world Send for Catalogue or ask nearest Dealer The' Reliance1 DO YOU KNOW that it takes more current to start an electrically driven paper cutter than it does to run it for several minutes ? A “Reliance” Lever Paper Cutter will save its cost in a short time on small jobs for which you can’t afford to start your big machines. MADE BY Paul Shniedewend & Co,, Chicago THE Newell Printing Co., of Falls Church, Va., says: “The little ‘Reliance’ is the truest cutter in the shop, and the men always use it when they want square stock.” You get square cuts when you use the Reliance, and a square deal when you buy it. Write for circular and prices. All Progressive Dealers The Best Special Works for Lithographers, Etc. ALBUM LITHO — 26 parts in stock, 20 plates in black and color, $1.50 each part. AMERICAN COMMERCIAL SPECIMENS-three series, 24 plates in color, $3.50 each series. TREASURE OF GRAPHIC ARTS— 24folio plates in color, $4.50. TREASURE OF LABELS — the newest of labels— 1$ plates in color, $3.00. “FIGURE STUDIES’* — by Ferd Wiist-second series, 24 plates, $3.00. AND THE FREIE KUNSTE — SEMI-MONTHLY PUBLICATION- This Journal is the best Technical Book for Printers , Lithographers and all Kindred Trades. Artistic supplements. Yearly subscription, $3.00, post free ; sample copy, 25 cents. PUBLISHED BY JOSEF HEIM - - Vienna Vl./i Austria Che American pressman A MONTHLY TECHNICAL TRADE JOURNAL WITH 20,000 SUBSCRIBERS Best medium for direct communication with the user and purchaser of Pressroom Machinery and Materials. ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR 802 -80S Lyric Theater Bldg., CINCINNATI, OHIO 1^\ | Quality, Service and Satisfaction characterizes Kemember Ment§es “improved” Folders wherever in operation. ■ Special Features — Milled Steel Rollers, Spring Cushion Boxes, Polished Steel Folding Knives with saw¬ tooth edges, Gear-driven Paster, Gripper Straightener, Back Retarders, Eccentric Push Packer that slides in a Bab¬ bitted Journal. Special Features — Polished Steel Supple¬ ment Table, Five-ply Maple-faced Iron-enforced Feed- Table, etc.. Entirely gear-driven. Equipped with Bab¬ bitted Journals throughout. Cast-iron Frame, Double Cap, screwed together. - . --- = Information on request. Prices and Terms reasonable. = MENTGES FOLDER COMPANY, Sidney, Ohio ■ ■ There is More Genuine Quality pure luster and permanent body found in the use of our famous AMBITION BLACK than in any other printers’ black ink manufactured. We sell it at 40 cents per pound — and it is worth more. Every pound is uniform in quality. We want you to try at least a trial order, and its use will convince the most skeptical as to our claims. Suppose you ask for specimen work KtESu. THE JAENECKE PRINTING INK CO. &SEL. Main Office and Works— NEWARK. N. J. CHICAGO Office — 351 Dearborn Street ■ ■ 310 THE HUBER- HODGMAN PRINTING PRESS PRINT-SIDE-UP DELIVERY IN OPERATION WITH a movement unsurpassed for strength and durability, and with every detail as near perfect as is possible to be made, The Huber-Hodgman Printing Press asks for an opportunity to consult with you before you make your purchase. This machine has the simplest print-side-up delivery ; made in combination with the fly, can be changed from one to the other in a half minute and will deliver any kind of stock. With our excellent facilities for press building we are turning out the best built and most durable machines to-day ofifered the trade. We call your especial attention to our Four-Roller Pony de Luxe. This machine is suitable for any class of work that can be done on any printing press. The speed is all that can be utilized ; it is noise¬ less ; has neither shoes nor rock hangers; has fly and print-side-up delivery and is commended by every user. We also make Two-Color Presses, Flat-Bed Perfecting Presses, all sizes of Two-Revolution Presses. We ask for the privilege of a conference with you. VAN ALLENS & BOUGHTON 1 7 to 23 Rose St. and 1 35 tV illi am St., New York. Factory —Taunton, Mass. Agents, Pacific Coast, PACIFIC STATES TYPE FOUNDRY, 645 Battery Street, San Francisco, Cal. Agent, England, P. LAWRENCE PTG. MACHINERY CO., Ltd. 57 Shoe Lane, London, E. C. Western Office, 277 Dearborn Street, H. W. THORNTON, Manager , Telephone, Harrison 801. CHICAGO 311 Reducol Compound Prevents offsetting and eliminates slip¬ sheeting. Prevents pulling and picking on coated paper. Keeps your rollers from heating. Can be used with Press or Litho Inks. ■ MANUFACTURED BY =^=== INDIANA CHEMICAL COMPANY INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA .— = FOR SALE B V : ■ - = AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO . All Branches J. E.- LINDE PAPER CO . New York City, Newark CHAS. BECK PAPER CO . Philadelphia, Pa. ALLING & CORY . . Buffalo, Rochester, Pittsburg LOUISVILLE PAPER CO . Louisville, Ky. H. & W. B. DREW CO. . Jacksonville, Fla. BARNHART BROS. & SPINDLER . . Chicago, III. A. F. WANNER & CO. . Chicago, III. THE PRINTING MACHINERY CO. Cincinnati, Ohio G. C. DOM SUPPLY CO. . Cincinnati, Ohio GREAT WESTERN TYPE FOUNDRY Kansas City and Omaha C. R. GETHER CO . Milwaukee, Wis. JOHN LESLIE PAPER CO . Minneapolis, Minn. C. I. JOHNSON MFG. CO . St. Paul, Minn. ZENITH PAPER CO . Duluth, Minn. WESTERN NEWSPAPER UNION Des Moines, Iowa H. N. RICHMOND PAPER CO . Seattle and Tacoma TORONTO TYPE FOUNDRY CO. Ltd. . . j ToRO w?impEGREAL’ JOHNSTON PAPER CO . Harrisburg, Pa. GEO. RUSSELL REED CO . San Francisco, Cal. T. W. & C. B. SHERIDAN CO . London, Eng. When You Go West This Summer Remember That Careful, Particular, Busy People Travel Via Union Pacific For Safety — Service — Speed ; The Ideal Travel Combination. Everything that contributes to ease of mind, bodily comfort and economy of time. For full information address E. L. LOMAX, General Passenger Agent Omaha, Neb. 312 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ “How Much Did the Job Cost , and What Was Your Profit?” the solicitation of numerous representative printing r\ houses of the United States and Canada, the Inland Printer Technical School announces the addition to its courses of study of a department of COST ACCOUNTING FOR PRINTERS The department is in charge of thoroughly experienced cost accountants, who have made a close study of this, the most important branch of the printing business. The Cost-Accounting Course is designed not only for employing printers, who desire to place their business on a sound commercial basis, but it is of the greatest benefit to the ambitious worker, because it shows him howto successfully handle costs. It shows him how to go into business for himself and make a success of it if he is properly prepared — and, inversely, it will show him clearly the dangers in the path, and deter him from engaging in business for himself on a cut-price basis. The whole subject of Cost Accounting, so far as it relates to the printing busi¬ ness, is covered by the Course. Among the subjects taught are: Bookkeeping for the Printer Average Costs by Totals Order Entry System Average Costs by Departments Cost Accumulating Stock Keeping Calculating and Recording Costs Perpetual Inventory Filing for Handy Reference Overhead Expenses Costs by Departments Department Expenses Costs of Completed Work Office and Selling Expenses Costs of Stock Work Proper Application of the Percentage Principle Inventory and How to Take It for Cost Purposes The Course of Cost Accounting for Printers may be taken personally or by correspondence. The value of the instruction is the same in either case, the Corre¬ spondence Course occupying a longer time. The fee includes individual instruction by expert accountants who are highly specialized in the printing business; copy for all books, blank forms, time tickets, etc., so that the student-printer can establish the system himself at once, and work it successfully. The system is very simple. It has been perfected after years of experiment. It has been tested and re-tested and has met with the approval of the best authorities in the printing business. The system we teach will enable any printer to tell instantly and definitely just where he stands without any guesswork. Method digests the matter that industry collects. Without it no business can be carried on successfully. Great success in life only comes to the very few — and they are invariably Men of Method. The Department of Cost Accounting provides a means whereby every printer can tell the condition of his business, and Where and How to give it New Life. COST DEPARTMENT, INLAND PRINTER TECHNICAL SCHOOL 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 313 “HOW” and “WHEN” of Half-tone Engraving* and Zinc Etching HOW ? The Very Best WHEN ? Just as Promised “Quality and Service” In Color Work and in all departments of Designing, Illustrating and Engraving, QUALITY and SERVICE are Our Distinctive Merits Prompt attention to Mail Orders The Inland -Walton Engraving* Co. 120 SHERMAN STREET CHICAGO 314 Bausch & Lomb- Zeiss Apochromat Tessar IS A highly specialized lens — designed to meet the peculiar requirements of the photo- engraver, producing negatives of surpassing brilliance and detail. Used by the leading three-color workers. •I Send for Catalog K. t]J PRISM is our little lens expositor. Send for Copy H, free on request. ®Our Name on a Photographic Lens, Microscope, Field Glass, Laboratory Apparatus, Engineering or any other Scientific Instrument is our Guarantee. Bausch & [pmb Optical (o. NEW YORK WASHINGTON CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO LONDON ROCHESTER, N.Y FRANKFORT 315 1 m ITU COURSE IN PRINTING H Conducted 6v the InCand Printer TechmcaC School under the direction of the I TO Commission on buppfemertraC Trade Education 120 130 SHERMAN STREET • CHICAGO Mm Cultural Value of Course There is no compositor so proficient but that he can learn something about his chosen calling. The lessons, work and criticism of the I. T. U. COURSE give the most efficient compositors new angles of vision, stimulate thought, and so the student is embarked on a course of self-education of the highest order. If he disagrees with the instructors, right or wrong, he will be compelled to defend his position, so that what is good in his contention will be made clear as never be¬ fore. Knowledge acquired or developed in this way always sticks — is never forgotten. To the inefficient men the Course is a godsend. Incompetency is the cause of precarious employment for the individual, and of the loss of much money to the trade. Better workmanship means steadier employ¬ ment, more wages and increased prices through the greater demand that pleasing typography creates. Both classes of compositors — the good and indifferent- — find pabulum in the I. T. U. Course. Full information can be secured by dropping a postal to THE I. T. U. COMMISSION 120 SHERMAN STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. The price — $20, five per cent off for cash ; or $5 down and $5 a month till paid — is merely the cost of instruction. 316 : — the FOR PRINTERS Inon-exploswe s^TflRCOLlN B00KI£r deujTchem/calco^ '26 W/iL/AM STtfttWL Best Detergent for cleaning and preserving rollers. Acme Ink Reducer A Reducer and Dryer Combined. Acme Ink Reducer will readily mix with any kind of ink, becoming a part of it, without injuring the quality or affecting the most delicate color. On all jobs of colorwork — posters, lithos, tablets and showcards (all kinds), etc., requiring heavy, solid cuts, or large type, Acme Ink Reducer is un¬ led, because it prevents pulling orbing of paper a _ ibutes the producing the required a Nothing does the business like Acme Ink Reducer —The World’s Best. Used and endorsed by all leading printers everywhere. Send us a description of your requirements for i sample, sufficient for a trial, free postpaid. ACME COMPOUND CO.. Elkhart, Ind., U.S.A. PEN AND PENCIL CARBONS For the printing trade. Adapted for all Manifold Forms, Order Books, Cash Sales Checks, Pen Manifold Books, etc., etc. Also all supplies for printing form letters, and typewriter ribbons to match. Mittag fWolger, Inc. PARK RIDGE, NEW JERSEY Whitmore Mfg. Co. HOLYOKE, MASS. MANUFACTURE BEST GRADES OF Surface Coated PAPERS AND CARD BOARD Especially adapted for Lithographing and Three-color Work. _ TELEPHONES — MAIN 2541; AUTOMATIC 6341. Slade, Hipp & Meloy 139 Lake Street, CHICAGO BOOKBINDERS’ SUPPLIES PAPER BOX MAKERS’ SUPPLIES EGG CASES and FILLERS Straw Boards Auburn Cloth Board W. O. Davey & Sons’ Tar Board Wood Pulp and Jute Board “ Diamond S ” Cloth Board Interlaken Mills Book Cloth Imported and Domestic GLAZED PAPERS Quality Metals for printers are the kind Blatchford makes — Linotype, Monotype, Stereotype, etc., etc. E. W. Blatchford Co. CHICAGO, U. S. A. Eastern Office — 5 Beekman St., New York The B. ^A. Machine Works Repairing of Printers’ & Binders’ Machinery a specialty 200 S. Clinton St., CHICAGO CARBON BLACK Godfrey L. Cabot 940-941 OLD SOUTH BUILDING BOSTON, MASS. ECLIPSE. DIAMOND. ELF. B.B. B. ACME. If in a hurry, se,no,rrfor“ ATLAS ELECTROTYPE COMPANY We do electrotyping only, and give prompt service and best work. We can please you. Out-of-town work solicited. 31 East Superior St., Chicago OUR NEW IMPROVED Tatung jftims Are Guaranteed to Remain Transparent , are Deep and Do Not Smudge. ==== Write for Catalogue - <2TI)e American l^aiing ^Hachtne Cd. 164-168 Rano St., Buffalo, N.Y., U.S.A. Buy them an Economy Steel Tiering Machine ECONOMY ENGINEERING 58-64 N. Jefferson St., Chicago, Ill Foreign Agents: Parsons Trading Co., New Don’t work like a Horse and don’t work your stock-men that way either. 317 The Inland Printer Co. Black and Colours For Printing Ink, Carbon Paper , etc. WILLIAMS BROS. & CO. HOUNSLOW, ENGLAND = PRESSMEN’S = Overlay Knife PRICE, POSTPAID, 25 CENTS The Inland Printer Co. 120- 130 Sherman Street :: Chicago 1 16 Nassau Street :: New York City INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 318 TABLE OF CONTENTS -MAY, 1909. BOOKS AND UTILITIES DRAWING AND ILLUSTRATION D and New — Lewis F. Day.. ... 3.00 ra) 5.00 : ss . 1.85 ..$.,50 . 2.10 | pRAC . 3.15 • 2-10 . ELECTROTYPING AND STEREOTYPING C.RsrEpartCridgeANDB00K. °.P. El;,'CTR0'1YPIN'G^ fND. Stere ESTIMATING AND ACCOUNTING THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 120-130 Sherman St., CHICAGO 116 Nassau Street, NEW YORK PAMPHLET GIVING CONTENTS OF EACH BOOK MAILED ON REQUEST 320 Vo/ if me xnn Ullman’s Inks Some printers Have ink troubles. Others use Ullman’s Inks And are happy. Send £or Specimens of Doubletones, Ulmanines And Some of our latest things In Colored Inks. Sigmund Ullman Co. New York Chicago Philadelphia l|lreyou enjoying the advantages afforded by our magnificent line of COVER PAPERS? pfyou are not, you are unnecessarily making an arduous task of the very important matter of choosing suitable covers.. We make this work easy foryou.Write us and we will tellyou about it Distributors of “BUTLER BRANDS ” Standard Pafter Co., Milwaukee, VFis. Central Michigan Rafter Co., Grand Raftids, Mich. Benedict Rafter Co., Kansas City, Mio. NLutual Rafter Co., Seattle, VFash. Southwestern Rafter Co., Dallas, Tex. American Tyfte Founders Co., Sftohane, VFash. Southwestern Rafter Co., Houston, Tex. American Tyfte Founders Co., Vancouver, B. C. Pacific Coast Rafter Co., San Francisco, Cal. National Rafter & Tyfte Co., {Exft. only ) N. Y. City Sierra Rafter Co., Los Angeles, Cal . National Rafter & Tyfte Co., City of Mexico, Mex. R. HOE & CO.’S NEW ROTARY ELECTROTYPE WEB PRESS WITH COVER AND INSERT FEEDING AND WIRE STAPLING DEVICES THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT FOR PRODUCING HIGH-GRADE ILLUSTRATED PERIODICALS, FREE FROM SMUT OR OFFSET PRINCIPAL OFFICES 504-520 GRAND STREET, NEW YORK ALSO AT 7 WATER STREET 143 DEARBORN STREET 160 ST. JAMES STREET BOSTON, MASS. CHICAGO, ILL. MONTREAL, QUE. 109-112 BOROUGH ROAD 8 RUE DE CHATEAUDUN LONDON, S. E., ENG. PARIS, FRANCE 322 Old Hampshire Bond customers are good customers The question of price is the greatest obstacle in the path of the modern printer. It often stands in the way of good work, it brings about unpleasant relations, it will at times cause the loss of a customer’s confidence. And this is in spite of the fact that nine-tenths of the printers are honest with their customers. The trouble is that too many buyers of printing judge by price rather than quality You can not judge Old Hampshire Bond by price. But there is more of it sold than of any other paper in its class. That means that if you push Old Hampshire Bond it will help in no small degree to educate your customers to buy printing for its effectiveness and result-bringing qualities, rather than for its price. Why not let us tell you more about this. It will place you under no obligation. IV rite us to-day. Hampshire Paper Company The only paper makers in the world making Bond Paper exclusively South Hadley Falls, Mass. 323 Crawley Bevel Board Cutter will handle any kind and thickness of book- cover boards (including loose-leaf covers) cheaper and better than they can be beveled in any other way. Knife ground on the machine. The Crawley Bundling Press will prove that it doesn’t pay to handle loose sheets. Tight bundles tied on the Crawley save room — and rents are high. They also avoid damage — and sheets thrown away cost as much as those used. Crawley Rounder and Backer makes good, uniform work possible in an edition bindery ; and it is not possible with¬ out it. “Flat-back” and all kinds of rounds are produced by the proper setting of this machine ; not occasionally, but all the time. Descriptive literature and special information for the asking. MADE AND SOLD BY THE CRAWLEY BOOK & MACHINERY COMPANY MANUFACTURERS AND SELLERS, NEWPORT, KENTUCKY, U. S.A. E. C. FULLER COMPANY, Agents NEW YORK AND CHICAGO - ; AGENTS = THE HOBBS MANUFACTURING CO., 21-27 Hatfield Street, London, E. C.— Sole Agents for British Isles T. W. & C. B. SHERIDAN CO., Salisbury Square, London, E, C. — Sole Agents for Continental Europe 324 It doesn’t take any more time, any more money, or any different methods to print on Strathmore HTapan than it does on a nondescript stock that never can be anything. Besides, when you get through you have something; something that will last and be kept; something you will take pride in; something you will be glad to show your friends; something on which you will take pleasure in putting your imprint, be you publisher or printer. If you are an advertiser it will advertise you, not discredit you or your goods. STRATHMORE JAPAN costs more than most papers, but it’s worth ten times as much. Not only because of the pride, pleasure and satisfaction you secure from it, but principally because it brings results, and results are what determine the cost. STRATHMORE JAPAN is shown in the “STRATH¬ MORE QUALITY” sample book, and it will prove a mighty interesting five minutes if you examine the paper. Mittineague Paper Company MITTINEAGUE, MASSACHUSETTS, U.S.A. The “STRATHMORE QUALITY ” Mills Vertical Stroke Attachment possible on the - " ¥ New OSWEGO and BROWN & CARVER Cutters permits the Cutting of Tab and Index Cards, special shapes, and also the Pinking of Cloth Samples, etc., for a wide range of work within the capacity of the machine. Another new feature on OSWEGO-MADE Cutters is the new fixed Back Gauge Attachment, which permits the accurate duplicating of any widths at any time, such as loose-leaf ledger or card-index work. There is a nominal charge only for these machines, built to order with the vertical stroke in addition to the regular shear stroke, and the extra value of having practically a universal cutting machine com¬ mends itself to users of the latest OSWEGO and BROWN & CARVER Cutters. Full description with illustrations will be supplied with pleasure on request. OSWEGO MACHINE WORKS NIEL GRAY. JR., Proprietor The only factory making Cutting Machines exclusively. The only factory making a complete line of Cutting Machines. NINETY sizes and styles from the little 200-lb. 16-inch OSWEGO Bench Cutter up to the largest Q-ton 84-inch BROWN & CARVER Automatic Clamp Cutter are generally in stock for instant shipment. MAIN OFFICE AND WORKS OSWEGO . . . NEW YORK NEW YORK BRANCH, 150 Nassau Street W. S. TIMMIS, Manager Showrooms, 203 Wooster Street CHICAGO BRANCH, 347 Dearborn Street J. M. IVES, Manager 326 C. B. Cottrell C8t> Sons Co. iimnbap Supplement Butarp $)ress iHIS machine solves the problem of the publisher who knows it to be necessary or desirable to issue a high-class illustrated Sunday Supplement, but finds that the cost of such a supple¬ ment by ordinary methods means an unwarranted expense. The beautiful, dignified, attractive, taste¬ ful Sunday Supplement of the New York Times is printed on this press, and is a fair specimen of its work. As “Newspaper- dom” says: “The New York Times has a supplement worth looking at.” Full details of the SUNDAY SUPPLEMENT ROTARY PRESS and specimens of its work will be sent promptly on request. C. B. Cottrell <3& Sons Co. printing presses NEW YORK, N. Y. WORKS WESTERLY, R. I. CHICAGO, ILL. 41 Park Row 329 Dearborn St. 327 SOMETHING NEW Twofold Business Correspondence Stationery ‘PAPERS OF QUALITY FOR OOMMEROIAL USE A-^JJcok 'Papers ,-A HHntiny ‘Papers Cove/ Ripen Envelopes Ethoqmph 'Papers < Typewriter Papers 'Proofing 'Papers i\S\ fipSl) )1M ( 'Bristol > Tffljwinu 1 JUD L 1 this grade of paper up like an aeroplane. It’s the splendid combination of quality, texture, stability and price that has lifted the average for the first quarter of 1909 FAR ABOVE THE RECORD FOR LAST YEAR. The all-round goodness of (Horthmorc Bond ( it has the crackle ) is responsible for its steady uplift in the estimation of a discriminating public. It takes a mighty fine paper to make good on the claims we proudly make for it ; but X^ortfymore ^ftortd does it. The Whitaker Paper Company CINCINNATI, OHIO, and NASHVILLE, TENN. BAY STATE PAPER COMPANY BOSTON, MASS., and NEW YORK, N. Y. ( Samples will show you why the first three months of 1909 broke the record for sales. What’s your address, please?) Over 14,000 GOLDING JOBBERS Have been sold. One thousand of them prior to the year 1885. We happen to know that a great many of this Erst thousand GOLDING JOBBERS are still serving their masters just as faithfully and profitably as they did when brand-new. Have you ever noticed how few secondhand Golding Jobbers are offered for sale? There’s a reason in their favor. The Golding, with labor-saving, profit-earning features unparalleled, stands up and gives service years longer than any other platen press. Moreover — Three Golding Jobbers will do the work of four of any other platen press. It saves in many ways and the difference is profit — unusual profit. Our Free Trial proposition is interesting. Ask about it. For sale by all principal printers’ supply dealers. Golding Manufacturing Co. FRANKLIN, MASSACHUSETTS GoldinjJ Art Jobber, No. 18 Canadian Selling Agents— BRITISH TYPE FDRS. AGENCY, Ltd., Toronto, Ont. MANUFACTURERS OF LETTERPRESS AND LITHOGRAPHIC r _ J ----- Si f . . CHICAGO . .. . . .ST. LOUIS SAN FRANCISCO ... ..TORONTO BUENOS AIRES LONDON Cl NC fNN AT I % * * . N EW TOR K BUFFALO . . . . PHILADELPHIA . : ..HAVANA ... .CITY OF MEXICO THE AUET & WIBOBG CO. DUPLEX. SEPIA G. S. 831-14. “The Kohler System” — and its various uses — have been explained in previous issues of The Inland Printer. “The Kohler System ” is by no means an experiment, but an actual, every-day , prac¬ tical device. We say emphat¬ ically, and with a knowledge of its daily use, that “ The Kohler System ” can be used, and is used, in connection with any flat-bed or rotary printing-press or other machinery, with suc¬ cess. Duplicate orders are received every day with testi¬ monials of the highest praise. To the progressive printer who is interested in the practice of econ¬ omy, the saving of presses, and the protection of his employees, “The Kohler System” appeals so strongly that it commands careful investigation. Its installation is simple and inexpensive, and its great advantages are of vital importance to the owner. Remember, “The Kohler System” will meet the most exact¬ ing demands of every known form of machine which requires precise , accurate , instant and infallible control. Tell us the kind of machinery you use, its make, size and the voltage of your power circuit, and we will send bulletins describing how we operate it. KOHLER BROTHERS NEW YORK OFFICE CHICAGO LONDON OFFICE 1 Madison Avenue Main Offices, 277 Dearborn Street 56 Ludgate Hill, E.C. 3-2 337 17x25 inside chase. The largest Platen Printing- Press in the World. 30 x 44 inside chase. The Largest in the World. The Cutting and Creasing Presses are built in 5 styles and are the Most Powerful and Largest Made in the World. No. 1 - - - 20 x 30 inside chase No. 2 - - 23K x 3 1 inside chase No. 1 54 - 2254 x30K “ No. 3- - 27x40 No. 4 - - 30 x 44 inside chase 4 Styles Printing Presses — 5 Combinations 3 Styles Embossing Presses Stamping Press GALLY IMPROVED UNIVERSAL PRESSES - IMPROVED STYLES - Quarto Medium, inside chase, - - 10x15 Embosser No. I , inside chase. - 2 IK x 22 Half Medium. “ --13x19 Embosser No. 2, “ --24x26 Half Super Royal “ --14x22 Stamper No. 3. “ --24x26 Super Royal No. 4. “ --17x25 Sold by all reputable dealers in the world Send for Catalogue or ask nearest Dealer THE NATIONAL MACHINE CO., 111-135 Sheldon Street, Hartford, Conn., U. S. A. SOLE MANUFACTURERS THE PEERLESS PERFORATOR ^MP£RF0^7C IT is distinguished for the rapidity and perfection of its work, makes a clean and thorough perforation at a high rate of speed, and is adjustable to a wide range in the thickness of the stock it will perforate. SELLING AGENTS E. C. FULLER CO . New York, N. Y. GANE BROS. & CO . Chicago, III. T.W. & C. B. SHERIDAN . . . . Chicago, III. THE J. L. MORRISON CO. . . . Toronto, Ont. T.W.&C. B. SHERIDAN . . . . London, Eng. S. KOCHANSKI . Berlin, Germany MIDDOWS BROS . Sydney, N. S.W. JOHN DICKINSON & CO., Cape Town, S. Africa Manufactured by A. G. BURTON’S SON 155 to 159 South Clinton Street CHICAGO, ILL., U.S.A. E- C‘ r8UReadeRSL°NEwY0RK [Sole Easte™ THE J. L. MORRISON CO., Sole Agents for Canada JOHN DICKINSON & CO., Agents for South Africa and India More than thirty years’ experience in building Photo - Engraving Electrotyping and Stereotyping Machinery enables us to offer the most improved line of Printers’ Plate-making Machinery. We also handle a full and complete line of Photo-Engravers’ Material and Supplies, including Chemicals. Our 1909 Catalogue for Photo-Engravers is now ready. WILLIAMS -LLOYD MACHINERY CO. Headquarters for Photo - Engravers’ Supplies 337 Dearborn St., CHICAGO - Eastern Representatives - UNITED PRINTING MACHINERY COMPANY 12 Spruce Street, New York 246 Summer Street, Boston Photo - Engraver Blue-Printer Photographer QUALITY TIME PROFIT Quality means more business. Time-Saving means a larger output. Quality and Time- Saving at lower cost of production mean Profit. These may be attained by adding to your equipment one or more A-B lamps according to your needs ; the lamp especially designed to meet the require¬ ments of your art. Write for bulletins and further information. The Adams - Bagnall Electric Co. CLEVELAND, OHIO The Largest Electrotype Foundry on Earth ! An Engraving Plant Equal to Any on Earth ! $gwm Ilectito1 type CO M PA MT ' J 407-425 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO ( OUR PRICES are popular. If you are a buyer of Engravings you should have our Scale of Prices, the most complete, comprehensive and consistent scale ever issued. With it on your desk, the necessity for cor¬ respondence is practically eliminated. 339 The Buckie Printers* Roller Company Practical Men and Methods FORTIETH YEAR ■ FACTORIES ■ ■ Chicago, Ill. St. Paul, Minn. Detroit, Mich. “Better Than Ever” Factory --------- DOVER, N H. New SELF-CLAMPING Cutter Triple-geared. No Single -geared Cutter has equal Durability or Strength. High-grade in every respect. Guaranteed Accurate, Strong and Fast. | CATALOGUE AND PRICES ON APPLICATION ] Child Acme Cutter Co. Manufacturing only Cutting Machines R9n SAtreet 1 - - - BOSTON, MASS. 620 Atlantic Avenue ) 41 Park Row - - - - - NEW YORK, N. Y. 340 PEERLESS PRESSES AND CUTTERS by practical test fill the requirements of the most exacting user. Our Presses and Cutters are built upon scientific and proven ideas, embracing speed, dura¬ bility and quality of work. Peerless Job Printing Press OUR ILLUSTRATED BOOKLET tells an interesting story of how these machines are made, and what they will do. Ask for it. Peerless-Gem Lever Paper Cutter FOUR SIZES FOR SALE BY THE PRINCIPAL DEALERS IN THE UNITED STATES. Peerless Printing Press Co. THE CRANSTON WORKS 70 Jackson St., PALMYRA, N.Y., U. S. A. TUB- SIZED LOFT- DRIED No. 630 “Lisbon Extra Strong” A high-water mark in the art of papermaking. An excellent correspondence paper. Finish suitable for printing or lithography. Taking a Good Impression , It Makes a Good Impression. PARSONS TRADING COMPANY 20 Vesey Street . NEW YORK Engravers sometimes find their proofs are costing too much, and they think this indicates that the proofs are better than they need to be. The real reason is that the proof press isn’t as good as it needs to be. First- class proofs cost no more than the other kind, if pulled on Reliance The Reliable Proof Press The houses of Binner-' ,t as well a stst Paul Shniedewend & Co. Mm Trs.K -FR™o", e. c.: THE CHAMBERS Paper Folding Machines Double -Sixteen Folder with Automatic Feeder An accurate machine of especial value on long edition work. Among several sizes our customers find No. 528 is adjustable for 90 per cent of all such work in ordinary binderies. The machine folds sheets from 40 x 54 to 1 9 x 26 inches, giving a folded page ranging from 1 0 x 1 3]/2 to 43A x 6/2 inches. All desirable modern appliances. Accurate, reliable work guaranteed. Chambers Brothers Co. Fifty-second and Media Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Chicago Office : : : 59 West Jackson Boulevard 342 Reliable Printers* Rollers Sam’l Bingham’s Son Mfg. Co. CHICAGO FACTORIES 195=207 South Canal Street PITTSBURG First Avenue and Ross Street ST. LOUIS 514 = 516 ClarR Avenue KANSAS CITY 507=509 Broadway ATLANTA 52=54 So. Forsyth Street INDIANAPOLIS 151 = 153 Kentucky Avenue DALLAS 675 Kim Street MILWAUKEE 133=135 Michigan Street 343 Without a Doubt DEXTER FOLDER COMPANY Factory : PEARL RIVER, NEW YORK SALES OFFICES NEW YORK CHICAGO BOSTON SAN FRANCISCO Southern Agents: DODSON PRINTERS SUPPLY CO., Atlanta, Ga. 344 We want to emphasize to every printer, lithographer, binder, papermaker, paper-box manufacturer, and all users of Power Cutters, a few facts about our Cutter, illustrated on the opposite page. It is built on scientific and practical principles. It is correct in design. It is wonderfully simple— its few parts must appeal to you. It is positive beyond question. It is accurate to the thousandth part of an inch. It is built in every part to last a lifetime. It is all that a high-grade Cutter should or can be. It is both in theory and fact “Without a Doubt.” Can you say as much of any other cutting machine? We are prepared to demonstrate this Cutter to the point of complete satisfaction, and in doing this we have thirty salesmen and mechanical experts in the field to help. Let us work, with you. DEXTER FOLDER CO. 345 When you have been sufficiently misled, by buying imitations of our product, drop us a line. Established 27 years ago. “Togo” Catalog Folder Made by Brown Folding Machine Company ERIE, PA., U. S. A. New York Agencies Chicago Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. 38 Park Row London, W. C., J. Collis & Sons, 355 Dearborn Street 42 Regent Square, Gray’s Inn Road 346 Rebuilt Linotypes Model 1, Two-letter Linotypes All worn parts replaced by new. Guaranteed to produce as good a slug as from a new machine. All machines sold with new matri¬ ces and new spacebands. ^ This is the only company that rebuilds Linotypes, that maintains a regular force of machinists and is equipped with up-to-date machinery. We have an exclusive special license to use patented attachments in rebuilding Linotype machines. CJ All parts used by us in rebuilding Lino¬ types are purchased from the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, and are made in the L and terms on application. :: :: tj If yoi lited States. Prompt delivery. Prices want other model Linotypes, write us. We have completed special tools and attachments for the accurate repairing of Spacebands. Price for Repairing Spacebands, each 25 Cents WE GUARANTEE ALL OUR WORK. If you have a Linotype to sell j „ If you wish to buy a rebuilt Linotype ) Gutenberg Machine Company WILLS?r™Z !lenera,w. 545-547-549 Wabash Avenue, CHICAGO 347 PROGRESSIVE HALF-TONE BLACK THE BLACK INK OF QUALITY Without an Equal almltmtmt printing -link Cn. Main Office and Factory, ST. LOUIS WE MAKE THE FOLLOWING SIZES 454 x 9, 354 x 8, 2/4 x 8, 254 x 4 Inches Users of our presses, who are in a position to know by comparison, say that our ma¬ chines are less likely to get out of order ; require the least repairing; yield more in a given time at a less cost, and produce a class and variety of work excelled by none. An investigation will prove it. THE NEW CARVER Automatic Stamping and Embossing Press <#> C. R. Carver Company N. E. Cor. 15th and Lehigh Ave. PHILADELPHIA, PA. Canadian Agents: Miller & Richard . Toronto and Winnipeg. Australian and Mexican Agents: Parsons Trading Co., Sydney, Mexico City and New York. The WORONOCO BOOKS are worth having just to see the new line of WORONOCO COVERS, if for nothing else. These Covers are fine in every sense of the word. They have every practical feature that the printer and advertiser needs, as well as some business-getting, money-making points. White and three colors, 20 x 25, two weights. In a special linen finish of a particularly fine and beautiful texture, showing a two-tone effect entirely different from the finish in FAIRFIELD COVER. Besides, it’s new. The WORONOCO BOOKS show 215 different papers: Covers, Books, Bonds, Linens and Ledgers. They are them¬ selves interesting and instructive, and illustrated as they are they will help sell and make good printing. The books are now being distributed by express from the mill. They are only being sent to responsible shops ; others can buy them at cost. If you are entitled to the set, and haven’t received it, we would write to find out why. Remember they show the new line of WORONOCO COVERS, which will not be shown elsewhere for the present. WORONOCO PAPER CO. WORONOCO, MASS., U. S. A. 349 Four operation^ at one and the same_ time, consequently great sayiny of time and labor These machines are covered by U. S. Patents Nos. 761,496, 763,673, 768,461, 768,462, 768,463, 779,784, 783,206, 789,095, 828,665, 813,215, 846,923. Action has been commenced against Gullberg & Smith for making machines in infringe¬ ment of patent No. 761,496, covering the Detector or Caliper. Sellers and users of the infringing machines are also liable. WATCH THIS SPACE FOR A LABOR -SAVER TO BE PLACED ON MARKET BY US GEO. JUENGST & SONS CROTON FALLS, N. Y. 350 z I 32 '2 & 32 '2 a o }c» u • ’i (1 ,2 3g fl 1 2 £ <1 IS ’ *V\vcro- QjmxnC €E|Ii’ \\\vcvu-(^ covavC C@l!^ *\>\vcrg-C^ counC 1 ESTABLISHED 1830 To the Trade: We beg to announce a new SQ Coes Knife OJ-SIXO whirh we sire sellincr qc nnr^New O/?0\S$ ;£) which we are selling as our“New Process” Knife. We have been supplying this knife in its improved form for over a year to our largest customers with the best results. It is sold on our regular list at no advance in price. Following our established habit of raising quality to the customer at no extra expense to him. COES’ RECORDS First to use Micrometer in Knife work (r89o). First to absolutely refuse to join the Trust (1893) . First to use special steels for paper work (1894). First to use a special package (1901). First to print and sell by a “printed in figures’’ Price¬ list (1904). First to make first-class Knives, any kind (1830 to 1905). COES Is Always Best ! Same package. Same warrant. Ask us. i • ri o /> INC- Lonng Coes & Co. DEPARTMENT COES WRENCH CO. Worcester, Massachusetts New York Office — G. V. ALLEN, 21 Murray Street Phone, 6366 Barclay Where Do You Buy Your Paper? Buffalo, N. Y.? Buy Chicago, Ill.? Buy Cincinnati, Ohio ? Buy Cleveland, Ohio ? Buy Columbus, Ohio ? Buy Dayton, Ohio ? Buy Detroit, Mich.? Buy Indianapolis, Ind.? Buy Nashville, Tenn.? Buy Pittsburg, Pa.? Buy Rochester, N. Y.? Buy St. Louis, Mo.? Buy BUCKEYE COVER of The Ailing & Cory Company. It's the easiest-to-buy high-grade cover on the market. ULSTER* COVER of James White Paper Company. It's the biggest seller in Chicago. BUCKEYE COVER of The Chatfield & Woods Co., or HIGHLAND* COVER of The Whitaker Paper Company, or PSYCHE* COVER of The Cincinnati Cordage & Paper Co., BUCKEYE COVER of The Diem & Wing Paper Co. It's better than most other covers at double the money. BUCKEYE COVER of The Union Paper & Twine Co. It's better for more purposes than any other cover regardless of price. MONTROSE* COVER of The Central Ohio Paper Co. It's made in fifteen popular colors. BUCKEYE COVER of The Keogh & Rike Paper Co. It's made in three weights and three finishes. BUCKEYE COVER of The Union Paper & Twine Co.' It bulks thick for its weight. BUCKEYE CO It folds easily. HIGHLAND* COVER of The Whitaker Paper Co., or PEERLESS* COVER of Graham Paper Co. It takes heavy embossing without cracking. BUCKEYE COVER of The Ailing & Cory Co., or It has an affinity for paste. The Chatfield & Woods Co. BUCKEYE COVER of The Ailing & Cory Co. It is good for all kinds of advertising literature. PEERLESS* COVER of Graham Paper Co. It's a money-maker for the progressive printer. If you are not located near one of these jobbers, please write us for The Buckeye Sample -book, and set it up alongside an assortment of other covers costing 50 to 75 per cent more. If the comparison doesn’t conclusively prove Buckeye superiority to your own satisfaction — don't buy Buckeye Cover. MADE EXCLUSIVELY BY The Beckett Paper Company Makers of Good Paper in Hamilton, Ohio, since 1848 * Private brand name. 352 U.5.C0L0RTYPE PRESS DENVER WE FURNISH THIS SUBJECT TOR NEWSPAPJR INSERTS. WRITE ' FOR THE LARIAT THE BEST ENGRAVING HOUSE ORGAN 'PUBLISHED 3-3 353 E. C. FULLER COMPANY SOLE SELLING AGENT FISHER BUILDING, CHICAGO 28 READE STREET, NEW YORK Fuller Manufacturing Company’s Specialties THE largest and best equipped Plant in the World for the manufacture of Automatic Feeders, Folding Machinery and Cutters. Thousands in daily operation. Write for descriptive catalogue 354 E. C. FULLER COMPANY SOLE SELLING AGENT FISHER BUILDING, CHICAGO 28 READE STREET, NEW YORK No. 1 CASE MACHINE CASING-IN MACHINE No. 2 CASE MACHINE CLOTH-CUTTING MACHINE THE best constructed, the most satisfactory and the most profitable machines for the purposes for which they are designed. Write for descriptive catalogue Smyth Manufacturing Company’s Specialties 355 No chance for an Argument Ask any printer which is the best general-purpose-press, the press that is the money-maker, and he will invariably answer, “the Old Style Gordon.” Ask any well-informed printer which is the best Old Style Gordon, and he will say, emphat¬ ically, “CHANDLER & PRICE GORDON.” There will be no chance for an argument, pro or con. It is in the make Chandler & Price Gordons are de¬ signed better and built better than others, and they pay better returns on the investment. Why not re¬ place that old, worn-out jobber you have been thinking of getting rid of for years with a new, up-to-the- minute Chandler & Price Gordon, now ? The Chandler & Price Co. Makers 7 Cleveland, Ohio 356 Patent Cylinder Press Lock A 5-inch Cylinder Press Lock opened to 8 inches. For locking chases on the press. Dispensing with furniture and quoins. Quickly adjusted. Secure lock. Great time-saver. Holds chase solid to bed. Prevents material working up inside. Floored Iron Furniture Iron Furniture We have no hesitation in saying that these four appliances, all originating with us, and all largely bought and highly appreciated, are the best four things in their line that ever went into a printing office. Iron and Steel Furniture Will not warp, shrink or swell; can not be squeezed out of shape, nicked or bruised; will not corrode. The only indestructible furniture made. All regular and special sizes. . ALSO ■= Iron Sectional Press Beds — the most accurate made. Iron Imposing Surfaces — planed true and smooth ; free from sand or blow-holes ; strongly ribbed. Steel Electrotype Bearer®. Cast-iron Electrotype Chases. Hand Presses. Paper Cutters. Proof Presses. SEND FOR CIRCULARS AND PRICES — — — - - - - - - MORGANS & WILCOX MFG. CO., Middletown, N.Y. 357 HAMILTONS’SSSSS PRINTING-OFFICE FURNITURE Is Internationally Recognized as the Standard of Its Kind HERE ARE TWO ENDORSEMENTS WHICH INDICATE THE TREND OF OPINION An American Endorsement The above is a simple statement of the results obtained in re-arranging the composing-room in one American printing establishment. What we have done for the Savage Co. we can accomplish in any composing-room where the furniture equipment has not been modernized. It is a remarkable fact that printers are most conservative in changing their equipment. There are hundreds of composing-rooms where, with a small investment in new furniture requiring less outlay than the purchase of a new cylinder press, a saving could be made amounting to from 10 to 25 per cent in labor, and from 25 to 50 per cent in floor space, with a very large increase in the shop output. what can be' done with your office. Remember it is up to us to show you. THE HAMILTON MFG. CO. RAHWAY, N. J. ALL PROMINENT DEALERS SELL HAMILTON GOODS A VALUABLE LINE GAUGE, s 358 MANUFACTURED BY The Challenge Machinery Co. GRAND HAVEN, MICH., U. S. A. nr SOLD BV ALL DEALERS cy4 Back Protector The illustration shows the lever of the Advance Cutter when at the end of the cut. You don’t have to break your back by stooping to the floor, and besides you get the greatest leverage where most needed. Another feature which makes the Advance an easy cutter is the rigid center bed brace. No chance for spring there. It insures a clean cut clear to the stick. You ought to know more about Advance Lever Cutter construction. Send for circular describing it in detail. THE PAY-ROLL PAYS FOR CI)E Jfalcott Automatic platen |Jrrss Will automatically feed, print and de¬ liver any weight of stock from onion¬ skin to cardboard. Feeds from the top of the pile. Speed, 3,500 per hour. Prints from flat forms. No expert required. Absolute register. Some of the Users Ashby Printing Co. . . Erie, Pa. Wilbert Garrison Co., New York Braceland Bros. . . Philadelphia Baker -Vawter Co., Benton Harbor Longaker, Prentice Co., Philadelphia Chamberlain Medicine Co., Des Moines United Drug Co . Boston E. Rugg & Co . Winnipeg Geo. Rice & Sons . Los Angeles Kingsley, Moles & Collins Co. , Los Angeles Speaker-Hines Printing Co., Detroit Frank Pickup . New York G. W. Engler . . Mount Vernon , 18Mxl2 % i %\)t expires Jfalcon $latrn JJrrss This press with Automatic Envelope Feed and Delivery is the fastest and most economical press for printing envelopes that has yet been produced. Speed, 4,500 envelopes per hour. The Automatic Envelope Feed Attachment can be removed and the Hand-feed Board substituted in five minutes, when flat sheets can be fed at the speed of 3,000 to 3,500 per hour. Size, inside chase, 10% x 7% inches. Price, $800, f. o. b. New York. A AUTOMATIC F COLLIERS THE NATIONAL WEEKLY 416 West 13th Street NEW YORK (Signed) Floyd E. Wilder, Ass’t Sup’t. rEED AND AUTOMATIC DELIVERY ChiM?Na1l?BtuirdFngH' CHAMPLIN’ 342 Rand- Phi48dNorthsf3rth,sfrFetR'W' HA™TT C°" BU^^^^^SR-COr- ATSi,E» JR’ 350 FURTHER PARTICULARS ON APPLICATION TO American JFalcon printing ipress Co. OFFICE AND SHOWROOMS New York Life Building 346 Broadway, New York City 360 The“ W aite” Die and Plate Press Used by the leading Die- Press Printers all over the hUorld Inks, Wipes and Prints at One Operation. Speed, 1,500 to 2,000 perfect impressions per hour. Uses far less ink than any other competitive machine. Uses a 35 per cent lighter wiping paper than can be used on any other machine. The “Waite” Press will print from the most delicate and fine-line engraved plates equally as well as it will do ordi¬ nary relief stamping. It is unexcelled in stamping, steel-plate, photogravure and bank-note printing, requiring results from the most delicate and fine-line engraved plates. The following are a few of the . it t > “>ldn» Off tEe f£e, N My be USed’ UP t0 the . BSSSi ggSgSSii-— sss by H- t ssttscsgs £rl;fr'7 77 1S§SSSmm $825 : 5 x3 inches, $1,300; 8x4 inches, $1,750 The American Falcon Printing Press Co. Offices and Showrooms — 346 Broadway, New York Factory— DOVER, N. H. cW°smi:: . . PH»^5^KTS: One t&3 not a fiower orJptinq Ohat dies in June, Jb at vaunts itself ufded . t$y issue and symbol, fy aicf- ndicazece, ' find correspondence, to that spirit morCd, Outside tfe limits Ojl biztf: . ^ space and. time, TxjAetefo zee ate found. MB Ban 'XBmnq' Engravings by The Inland-Walton Engraving Company, 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago. Printed by The Henry O. Shepard Company, Printers and Binders, 130 Sherman Street, Chicago. „• ^ UU UUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU g . TMEinmnD PKinTEK JUNEI909 VOL.43 N9 3 % V 5 1 Jdoq on 5o5 do SB a oaocDoFa god c Entered as second-class matter, June 25, 1885, at the Postoffice at Chicago, Illinois, under Act of March 3, 1879. THE LEADING TRADE JOURNAL OF THE WORLD IN THE PRINTING AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES^ Vol. XLIII. No. 3. JUNE, 1909. ( $3.00 per year, in- advance Terms Foreign, S3. 85 per year. I Canada, $3.60 per year. PERSONALITIES IN THE PRINTING TRADE. NO. IV. — W. 0. FOOTE. VERY common expression is “He began on nothing,” when describing the proc¬ esses by which some of our wealthy men have reached affluence. This may be true in connection with those chances of fortune which throw millions to the deserv¬ ing and undeserving indis¬ criminately, but it can not apply in the industries to-day. The man himself, no matter what he may possess, is the real asset. Character is the chef -d’ oeuvre of all training and education. Erudition and culture are vain without it. Business acumen, technical skill, energy and ability go far toward apparent success — but with¬ out character they are like a child’s house of cards, ready to fall into confusion at the slightest breath. Character is credit. When a man proves the stead¬ fast quality of his “ Yea and Nay ” he has an asset, even if he has not a dollar in the world, to begin with. In Atlanta, Georgia, the business competitors of W. 0. Foote, president of the Foote & Davies Company, say, “ Whatever Walter Foote tells you can be depended on,” and on this asset primarily the Foote & Davies Company is building the largest factory in the printing trade in the south, covering over an acre of ground. In an interview with W. 0. Foote he said : “ Mr. Davies, my partner, and I are both Methodist preachers’ sons. In 1883 we had to go to work for a living or starve. We had previously been to school and played together a little. Mr. Davies got a job in a small printing-office as devil. In two months he was advanced to kicking a press ; then he got me his job as devil. We followed that office through one or two changes, both of us work¬ ing in the press and composing-rooms. Mr. Davies finally became foreman of the cylinder pressroom and I drifted into the bindery department, where only pamphlet binding and a little ruling was done. “ In 1888 the proprietor of the office decided that his bindery and I were white elephants on his hand. He told me he would discontinue his bind¬ ing department, but offered to sell it to me for $150 on a credit. The bindery consisted of a ruling machine, a lever cutter, a glue-pot and some bone folders. I bought this and went into the bindery business for myself. “ Mr. Davies stayed with the firm as pressman until the spring of 1890; then he purchased an interest in my bindery. We ran this bindery until the summer of 1891 and we bought a small print¬ ing-office, consisting of a drum cylinder, two job¬ bers and some type. In 1892 we were incorporated under the present name. . In 1894 we bought another printing-office, larger. In 1898 we moved to our present quarters and enlarged our business by the purchase of some additional machinery. We had been enlarging all the while. “ In 1890 our present secretary and treasurer, John M. Cooper, came with us. Previously he had been paying teller in a large bank in Atlanta. He saw his chance to bring his clerical experience into our business and has made good. 362 THE INLAND PRINTER “ In 1905 we purchased the J. P. Stevens Litho¬ graphing Company and, later the same year, bought the Atlanta Lithographing & Printing Company. “ In 1906 we entered the typewriter business, securing the agency for the Monarch typewriter. We had previously begun in a small way the Sta¬ tionery Department, working up gradu¬ ally to what it is now ; also we had purchased the good will and title to the Atlanta City Direc¬ tory, which we have been publishing regu¬ larly now for eleven years. “ Mr. Stuart Boyd is manager of our Lithographing Department, Mr. T. C. Malone is man¬ ager of our Type¬ writer Department and Mr. J. F. Gallie, Jr., is manager of our Stationery De¬ partment. “ Mr. Boyd is a practical lithograph¬ ing man, having been with the old Stevens and the old Atlanta Lithographing Com¬ pany plants. “The growth of the business has been by saving our profits and reinvesting in ma¬ chinery and occasion¬ ally real estate. Only about $30,000 of out¬ side money was ever put into the business. “ My present hold¬ ings are the results of my purchase of the bindery of $150. Mr. Davies paid me $1,400 for half interest in the business. This has grown to his present holdings in the company. “Our total business in 1889 was $4,000. It has grown gradually each year; it is now about $400,000. “We now own our present plant and have branches in Jacksonville, Florida ; Savannah, Georgia; Birmingham, Alabama, and Chatta¬ nooga, Tennessee. We own the four buildings we now occupy, besides the new plant now under con¬ struction. We have not had a career very different from the average printer who attends strictly to business and works about fifteen hours a day. We have tried to have our policy an honest one, both with the customers and employees. We have striven not to force ourselves on a customer, but to make our work so attractive that he would patronize us of his own accord.” The company is offering a prize of $200 for the best “ lay-out ” for their new plant, which is to be a one-story structure with saw¬ tooth roof construc¬ tion. The floor space covers forty-five thousand square feet. The company em¬ ploys about three hundred persons. The locality chosen for the plant is pic¬ turesque ; well built with neat and inex¬ pensive cottages and houses. It is reached by three street-car lines, and a few hun¬ dred yards from the plant is the railway belt-line connecting with all the railways entering Atlanta. It is proposed to build a spur from the belt- line to the plant. Some one has been doing some clear thinking on this proposition, and the results will count. Discussing materials and supplies at a meeting of brother printers and supply men, Mr. Foote stated that he did not have a type account. “ I have no type in the place,” he asserted. Explana¬ tion was in order. His point of view is that type is in no sense an asset. On his books it is an expense and is so charged off at once. Here is a point for the experts of the cost-accounting classes to debate upon. A noticeable lack of constraint in the demeanor of the employees of the Foote & Davies plant indi- THE INLAND PRINTER 363 cates good feeling, substantiating what is freely terms are practically a contract for a service. The admitted that “it is a good house to work for.” terms of the service being settled the merit of the Foote is an economist and an organizer. He service must be in itself — its quality and charac- thinks clearly on his business problems and his ter and efficiency must make it so desirable not SITE OF FOOTE & DAVIES COMPANY'S NEW BUILDING, WHICH COVERS OVER AN ACRE OF GROUND. methods are direct. At one time in Atlanta all the graphic arts industries were organized. Organ¬ ization of the workers was recognized as a good thing. There was an appreciation of the com¬ munity of interest be¬ tween the employers and the' employees. The entire trade • — • all its branches — employers and employees — had outings together. All had a good time. They talk about those times now — because it is dif¬ ferent now. If trade-unionism stands for anything it stands for the better¬ ment of the trade. If it hurts the employer’s true interest it is hurting it¬ self, and is not trade- unionism in fact. By what misconceptions and ill-advised actions the employers of Atlanta and the unions have al¬ lowed the discussion of their affairs to degen¬ erate into disputes it is competent for those im¬ mediately interested to inquire. There is more dramatic and spectacular display in fostering a dispute and inciting a strike and a lock-out than there is in adjusting business differences in a busi¬ nesslike and reasonable way. In buying labor the only to the worker but to the employers that they want it above all other. The power of quality, not force of numbers, is the true principle. The power of quality will bring force of numbers with it. Foote & Davies Com¬ pany stand for every fundamental principle of unionism. Yet they and the unions are at outs. In every activity for the betterment of the com¬ munity W. 0. Foote is interested. He gives his time and money and sympathetic support in many ways for human betterment. The sacri¬ fices he makes are par¬ alleled by many trade- unionists who see the same light. By what perversion of reason, by what misconceptions, are these ideals that are really identical brought into opposition ? What¬ ever errors and blunders have been made the memory of them must stimulate the effort for reparation. Organization has brought the company success. But organiza¬ tion among the workers is not a success. Why? Whether we are buying material or service our aim must be toward unity of interest and the devel¬ opment of humanism — for that way progress lies. 364 THE INLAND PRINTER ritten for The Inland Printer. PHOTOGRAVURE FOR ADVANCED STUDENTS. THE PRESSES. ^'0 far as the presses are concerned, there are now several varieties in use, the most common being the style operated by what are called cross trees. For general purposes this make leaves little to be desired. For the largest sizes, the mangle type of press is the best form, as it has more power and is easier of operation. Some presses are arranged to be run by power, but the power, can be used only in working the rollers. The inking always has to be done by hand. There is a certain kind of plate, specially etched, which can be printed mechanically on a special press, but the product hardly ranks with the class of work generally designated by the term “ photogravure,” and this press is only used for a very cheap style of work. If presses operated by power are to be provided for, it will be necessary to have a line shaft overhead. Supposing hand presses are to be used, their number is determined by the estimated amount of work to be done. A printer can turn out from three to five hundred prints per day from a plate 6 by 9 inches, if it is an easy working plate. DRYING RACKS. After the prints are taken off the press, the prints are placed between drying boards, which are thick strawboards of an absorbent quality to take the moisture from the prints. These boards, when not in use, are kept in racks arranged over¬ head, so that the warm air circulates between them; but in wet weather they may need to be dried in the oven, which may be heated by gas or steam. The drying racks are arranged so that the boards are kept in a vertical position at a distance of two inches from one another. It is customary to allow the prints to stand in boards all night, and after they are taken out in the morning the boards are placed in the racks, where they remain all day. The oven must be provided with racks arranged in the same manner as those in which the boards are stored. It is of the utmost importance that the boards be kept dry, as otherwise the prints will come out damp and will then neither clean nor glaze properly. GLAZING. The glazing press is simply a large screw-press of good, sound construction, and should be capable of taking about one thousand glazing boards at a * All rights reserved. time. The size of these should be about twenty- four by eighteen inches, or larger. The glazing boards are a highly rolled and polished kind of mill board, made especially for this purpose, and they can be obtained at the printers’ supply house. Too much pressure must not be used or the plate- mark will be pressed out, which will spoil the appearance of the work. The prints will need to be in the press for about six hours, so two sets may be passed through during a day. PRESS EQUIPMENT. Each printing-press should carry an equip¬ ment consisting of a heater, a jigger, a small box for the whiting, a slab on which to keep the ink, and a shelf for the wiping canvas. It will not be necessary for each printer to have a grinding slab, but there should be one to every two or three presses. In large establishments a grinding mill is used, but with less than ten presses this is unnecessary, for one man can keep the printers supplied with ground ink and have time to assist with other work as well. Where three or four men only are employed, each can grind his own ink. It is well to have several grinding slabs, so that it will not be necessary to grind different col¬ ors on the same slab. This spoils the colors, as it is impossible to get a slab clean after it has been used to grind dark browns and blacks. A supply of slate or marble slabs should be at hand, with which to weight down the damped paper. It will not be necessary to keep a paper-cutting machine, as when ordering paper it is generally cut to size at the paper warehouse. EQUIPMENT OF ELECTROTYPING AND STEEL-FACING ROOM. The electrotyping and steel-facing room, Fig. 5, should be built with a tiled or glazed brick floor, so that it may be washed down, as there will always be acid spilt on it. This floor should be sloped down to the drain in the corner under the sink. As regards the plant, there should be two copper solution baths and a steel bath, also a deep sink, provided with a faucet, and another sink for the steel facing. There should also be a working bench covered with metal, so that it may be kept clean from wax, etc. Oregon pine is a good wood for use in con¬ structing the troughs, which should be about two and one-half inches thick, tongued and grooved together, with the ends rabbetted into the sides in the manner shown in the illustration, Fig. 10. The bottom also should be treated in the same way, so as to avoid the use of metal fastenings to hold it in place, as such fastenings are very liable to rot and let the bottom fall out. The trough should be raised about six inches above the floor on three- THE INLAND PRINTER 365 inch pieces of wood placed crossways of the trough so as to support all the floor timbers. This allows the air to circulate under the trough and so pre¬ serves it, besides allowing the brick floor to be washed all over. The anode and cathode rods may be made from thick copper tube, as it will answer the require¬ ments just as well as solid rods and is less expen¬ sive. The manner in which the current is con¬ veyed to these rods and their arrangement will depend upon the source of the current. If city current is available and not too expensive, there are two ways in which it may be used. As a rule the current is supplied at a voltage of 110. If this is direct, it is possible to charge a set of accumulators in series and then to discharge them in parallel, which reduces the voltage to about 2.2 volts. I will explain the principle on which this arrangement works. Suppose the price of the city current is 10 cents per kilowatt, which is equal to one thousand watts or one ampere of current flowing at one volt pressure for one thousand hours, so that at 110 volts it will require 9.09 amperes to flow for one hour to equal one kilowatt. Now, we only require about one volt when depositing copper from an acid solution, and, though a higher voltage may be Fig. 11. used, some sort of resistance will be needed to con¬ trol the amount of current which would flow. The introduction of this resistance will cause loss, because of the heat generated in the resistance. By charging sufficient accumulator batteries to equal the 110 volts, which will be about forty cells, the whole of the watts will be usefully taken up, while if, when fully charged, the cells are coupled in parallel the voltage will only be 2.2, while the watts will rise through increased current. I show an arrangement of the rods whereby this voltage is divided between two anodes, leaving only 1.1 volt per anode, which is about right. It is called series parallel and an illustration (Fig. 11) is given, also one in which the rods are all in par¬ allel and one in which they are in series. If there were enough anode rods (in the present case this would call for 100) the full voltage might be put through them. Another way to employ the city current is to use a 110-volt motor coupled to a low-tension gen¬ erator, and by this means “ step down ” the voltage to what is wanted. If the service is alternating, this is the only way in which it can be used for our purposes. There would be little use in employing accumulator batteries, as the motor generator could be left to take care of itself all night. ' (To be continued.) NEWSPAPERS AND PRICES. The committee on paper of the American Newspaper Publishers’ Association has issued to the members an inter¬ esting pamphlet showing the prices of each of 862 daily- papers, with other statistics. The matter is summarized as follows: Members will be interested in the following compila¬ tion which has been made of the retail local prices of week¬ day newspapers in various sections of the country. The totals are a surprise. They show that the 2-cent papers are more numerous than the 1-cent papers and that the 5-cent papers have not been effaced. The totals follow : One-cent papers . 235 Two-cent papers . 343 Three-cent papers . 73 Five-eent papers . 211 In many cities, the retail price for single copies of week¬ day newspapers is misleading, as there are comparatively few street sales — especially of morning issues. A rate by the week or month might make a better classification, but details such as the inclusion of Sunday issues would com¬ plicate the table and materially affect its value. A number of the papers in the 3-cent and 5-cent columns have a nominal price of 3 or 5 cents, but the bulk of their local sales to subscribers is on a 2-cent basis. The following table of newspaper prices by States shows that of the 862 papers reporting, there are only eight 1-cent papers south of Maryland, and eight west of the Rockies, as follows : SOUTH OF MARYLAND. Mississippi . 1 Virginia . 3 Texas . 1 Total . 7T California Washingtor Total . WEST OF ROCKIES. 8 From the list of 862 newspapers, it appears there are no 1-cent papers in twenty States, no 2-cent papers in nine States, no 3-cent papers in thirty States, no 5-cent papers in eighteen States. — The Editor and Publisher. 366 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Printer. THE COMMERCIAL ARTIST — HIS USE AND MISUSE. NO. III. - BY ANNA M. DENNISTON. ifi HE outside world contemplates the artist, strolling “cross-lots,” in a “land of beauty, of sunlight and song” (sometimes known as “Bo¬ hemia”), listening, as he saunters, to the birds, gathering the flowers and calling back to the waters — and, possibly, the world envies him a little. Perhaps, however, few remember that it is the “Bohemian’s” very business in life — his occupation, indeed — to listen and then interpret; to watch the sky and flower and bird, and then to The Bohemian is not always recognized at once, because frequently he is not found in his home country. The free spirit in him is constantly reaching out toward it, but meanwhile he may be wearing the conventional business suit, and doing the most practical — even uninteresting — things, since hard sense tells him that a living is the first necessity to a happy man. Even a boy grasps this rather important fact sometimes, and sets his face toward the guiding star of art with this idea in mind. A short story, relating how a certain one — L. O. Griffith by name — began, and has continued to make a way for himself and his work, is illustrative of its application. First, several years were spent as bookkeeper and assistant From oil painting by L. 0. Griffith. A FARM IN BRITTANY. create nature over again after her. This is truly a fine occupation, but it is work nevertheless, and hard work, too. An effectual way to find out how people do things is to happen in and catch them at it. To learn how artists are made ; of what material, by what process, and to what end, is to learn how art itself is evolved — and, mayhap, vice versa ! “ Little flower — but if I could understand What you are, root and all, and all in all ! ” — • It’s all in the “ finding out,” and the attempt is interesting — and worth while. steward for hotels and clubs, during which time every available moment was snatched for out-of- door sketching, or study of still life from objects found about him. Cartoon sketches were also made at the risk of altercations with cooks, wait¬ ers and proprietors. As a next step he took his place at a desk in the rooms of a large illustrating and advertising house and did patiently whatever came to him to do. This brought him just over the border line into the coveted land, for it meant that his whole time was henceforth to be devoted to work at least classed as art. Year after year From oil painting by L. 0. Griffith. THE GIRL IN BLUE. 368 THE INLAND PRINTER he followed this routine and finally one day threw down his tools and slipped away to explore the open fields and deep woods. He boarded a train for Mexico and, in company with a friend, adopted a somewhat primitive mode of travel, namely, by means of an old wagon with ill-matched wheels drawn by a team of bargain horses. The travelers drove about, painted by day and camped wherever night found them. Mr. Griffith returned to the city richer by about seventy-five sketches and proved his trip to be not only a pastime and a period of study, but a paying investment. He sold enough of the canvases to cover the expense of the expedition, and three of them now hang in the per- a skillet and a wooden spoon there, but it is in Bohemia. So, in order that he might thus take up his sojourn, the well-worn desk in the commercial advertising house was abandoned, and “ Griff,” as the boys call him, stood free at the beginning of the home stretch. He took studio space of his own and so arrayed the artistic and the commercial spirit against each other to see which would be victorious. As nearly all serious-minded young men of his time have done, the artist raised a hand to both — as the crossing policeman does when he sees an automobile and a cab pursuing relentless courses in opposite directions, each regardless of the other — and says, “Here — a little of both, manent exhibit of the Union League Club. Again and again Mr. Griffith repeated the foregoing pro¬ gram — and at last, when his canvases began to look interesting enough to himself to inspire him with confidence that his work averaged a good standard, he dropped into the Palette and Chisel Club with a bundle of them under his arm. More real Bohemian freedom — and longer stretches of it now, and greater joy to the artist’s soul! The club, which maintains a studious atmosphere, and also keeps a Billikin on the shelf, proved the refreshment he had hoped. Its members were glad, too, to tack a few more canvases to its walls — some of them bristling with the sand blown from the dunes of Mexico. Out of convention and business grind, then, Mr. Griffith, like many of his fellows before him — and many who will come after him — began eve¬ ning work, which added to his store of knowledge, and all the while the breezes from the hills and plains, the songs of the birds and the scent of the flowers were associated with the touch of a paint¬ laden brush, so that the indoor work merely added its charm to what had gone before. In this way there came another stage of growth in the life of a truly art-spirited commercial artist. Oh, but Bohemia has such a charm, and at last, entirely within her borders, nearly every artist eventually pitches his tent. It is a tent just made of canvas sometimes. There may be only a cot and a chair, please! It behooves me to check the impulse to follow a star, as I have already checked the temptation to become a machine and forever grind,” so, after he had so spoken, the kindly spirit of art, with her spontaneous expression, dipped down and touched the pencil and the brush and gave more beauty and strength to both com¬ mercial and practical. One day some of the inhab¬ itants of a part of Bohemia bordering “ Grilfs’ ” were aroused by a tap at their door : “ Good morn¬ ing,” said a young man, who wore an unmistak¬ ably foreign steamer cap and a new gray suit. “ Good-bye, I’m going to Paris ! ” “ Well, all right, go on,” said his friends, and, with many a bon voyage and auf Wiedersehen, he was off. Time passed and one day the same studio door was opened and there was “ Griff ” back again. The number of color-notes, oil-sketches, subjects for etchings and so forth, that he had accumulated, surprised every one who saw them. That he had them was a matter of interest, but the next ques¬ tion was, what did it amount to in a practical way? The first thing it amounted to was that the Society of Chicago Artists hung four Brittany scenes and three canvases done in Texas upon the best space the walls afforded. There was joy in Bohemia and increasing faith that the road was partially covered that leads to the illusive, but very definite, goal — great artistic production. Mr. Griffith has shown his grasp of charm in THE INLAND PRINTER 371 Written for The Inland Printer. HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE TO GET THE JOB TO PRESS? BY AN INQUIRER. | ERE is a page of a catalogue. It is fairly representative of the ninety- six pages of the catalogue from which it was taken. In an office equipped with both Linotype and Monotype machines, but with a minimum of foundry letter, what time should be allowed for the com¬ position of each page? Or, how long will it take the average compositor to set this page? Shall w i mm m D machine. The actual copy from which it was com¬ posed had been destroyed, but the general char¬ acter of the copy is shown in the small reproduc¬ tions on this page. Here it is well to state that no attempt at comparison of the merits of any style of machine composition or of machine com¬ position as against hand composition is intended. This is simply a description of how a catalogue was handled in two different printing-houses in Chicago, and a record of the time taken to do the work. The cuts were received in a large box. They were not arranged or numbered. They were mounted on wood and of irregular size — not mounted on the point system or to nonpareils. THE COPY. we set it by hand or on the machine? If by machine, what machine? With a sufficiency of foundry type, hand composition might be as cheap finally as the machine composition. Compositors have not the speed at hand com¬ position to-day that they had some few years ago. There is not enough of it done regularly to keep them in practice. But here is a catalogue that we are called upon to make an estimate upon, and the first thing we have to determine is how long it will take to set it. If we had an assortment of speci¬ mens of composition, and notations of the method of composition and the time taken to do the work, we could make a guess that would approximate the time very closely. The page reproduced was set on the Monotype The sorting of these cuts was charged up as “ hand work ” on the ticket. The cuts were marked out on the copy for the Monotype operators. The cuts were mortised by hand and with a circular saw, so that all available space could be occupied with type-matter. The eight-point headings were set on the Monotype separately. The six-point roman and six-point black letter were set on the same galley. As the galleys of headings and galleys of six-point were set they were sent to the proofroom and read. They were then made up in pages and the cuts inserted, the corrections being made at the same time. The pages were then read and corrected, and locked up for foundry and electrotype plates made. The plates were then locked up for press. YOU MAY ORDER EITHER YOURSELF OR THROUGH A CLUB OF TEN Jelly Compote No. 4706 Given with a $10 list of products for $7, or for 2 coupons. Can be used for salted nuts, raisins, dates, etc. Cut in the beautiful Sabine pattern, with a star on the bot¬ tom of standard. Height, 3 in.; width, AA in. Fruit or Salad Bowl No. 4707.— 7-in. size given with a $10 list of products for $8, or for 3 coupons. No. 4708.— 8-in. size given with a $10 list of products for $8.50, or for Zl/2 coupons No. 4709.— 9-in size given with a $10 list of products, or for 5 coupons. Extra large, with deep cutting. Troy pat¬ tern. Can be used for berries, etc. Cut Glass Vase No. 47031 Given with a $10 list of products, or for 5 coupons. A beautiful design, with deep, brilliant cutting. It is 10 in. high and 4 A in. across the top. Spoon Tray No. 47010 Given with a $10 list of products for $7, or for 2 coupons. A very effective design, known as the Rambler, with pinwheel and sunburst stars. Can also be used for olives, bon bons, etc. Length, 7 in.; width, 4 in. Handled Nappy or Bon Bon Dish No. 47011.— 5-in. size given with a $10 list of products for $6.50, or for l'/2 coupons. No. 47012.— 6-in. size given with a $10 list of products for $7, or for 2 coupons. Useful for pickles, olives, jellies, etc. The attractive Troy pattern, with a very deep and brilliant cutting. Berry Nappy No. 47013.— 7-in. size given with a $10 list of products for $8, or for 3 coupons. No. 47014.— 9-in. size given with a $10 list of products for $9, or for 4 coupons. Very heavy, with deep cut Troy pattern. Oil or Vinegar Bottle No. 47015 Given with a $10 list of products for $7, or for 2 coupons. A very useful and handsome article. Troy pattern. Height, 7 in. Capacity, A Pt. Catsup Bottle No. 47016 Catsup or chili sauce bottle. Fine hob star cutting, dee and brilliant. Cut glass stopper. Capacity, A pin Height, 6^in. Tall Jelly Compote No. 47017 Given with a $10 list of products foi $7, or for 2 coupons. Richly cut, with meteor or pinwheel star cutting; also stai cut in foot. Height, 6M in. Width, 5 in. Water Glasses No. 47030 y pretty pattern, deep cut water glasses. Capacity, A Carving Knife Rest No. 47020 Given with a $10 list of products for $6, or for 1 coupon. Lapidary cut like a diamond, with nicking on bar. Genuine cut glass. Very brilliant. Size, 4J4imkmg- Water Tankard No. 47021 Given with a $10 list of products, or for 5 coupons. Tankard has deep cutting, with large, bril¬ liant star on front and bottom, with fine fancy design on both sides. Paris pattern. Capac¬ ity, 3 pints. Water Glass No. 47022 One given with a $10 list of products for $6, or for 1 coupon, or set of six given with a $10 list of products for $11, or free with $12 worth, or for 6 coupons. Same pattern as No. 47021 tankard. Capacity, A pint. Sugar and Creamer No. 47037 Given with a $10 list of products for $6, or for 1 coupon. Cut with four stars and star bottom. Sugar bowl is 3% in. in diameter and 2 M in. high. Creamer is 3J4 in. in diameter and 2% in. high. Oil or Vinegar Bottle No. 47034 V Given with a $10 list of prod¬ ucts for $6, or for 1 coupon. our stars cut around sides. Cut bottom and neck. Ground glass polish stopper, 5 A in. high, 3M in. in diameter. Water Glasses No. 47026 Set of 4 given with a $10 list of products for $6, or for 1 coupon. Bell-shaped glasses, with stars cut on bottom and three stars 0 Footed Ice Cream or Sherbet Glasses No. 47035 4 given with a $10 list of products for $6, or for 1 coupon. A very dainty glass, beautifully cut with three large stars. 3 A in. high and 3 % in. in diameter. Salt and Pepper No. 47036 One pair given for > V2 coupon. Cut glass salt and pepper. 1 A in. in diameter and Pretty pattern. Non-corrosive tops. Water Bottle No. 47028 Given with a $10 list of products for $6, or for 1 coupon. Water bottle has star cut bottom and cut neck. Ca¬ pacity, 2 A pints. Water Glasses No. 47029 Set of twelve given with a $10 list of products for $6, or for 1 coupon Neat and fine glasses, needle etched. Capacity, A pint. Water Set No. 47024 How to order is fully explained on page 1 of this catalog. You will find Factory to Home Dealing pleasant and profitable. THE INLAND PRINTER 373 These operations for the ninety-six pages, ac¬ cording to the time-tickets, occupied the follow¬ ing time : Composition — Keyboard. ............. 152% Caster ................ 108% Hand . . 720% Proofreading . . . 132% Make-up . . . 483 Lock-up . . 162 % 1,759% Average per page ..................... 18% Eighteen and one-third hours was the average time for each page of this catalogue to get it ready for press. The work had been done on a previous issue by another printing-house. The cuts were not mor¬ tised for this issue, and it was set on the Linotype machine. A reproduction of one of the pages reduced to a quarter-page is shown herewith. The average time per page getting ready for press is given by the printer at eight and one-quarter hours. Thus : Hand work . . 613 hours Linotype machine .................... 182 hours 795 hours It is evident that there has been an unneces¬ sary loss in the cuts not being in good condition. While these facts are not presented to deduce any conclusions, the careful consideration of such data by printers can not fail to be educational, and for this particular reason they are presented here. The next printer who gets this catalogue will be able to make a better record, for the reason that all the cuts will be mortised ready for his use, and will not be a charge against the job. Customers having no knowledge of the technical require¬ ments of the printing trade buy cuts as they buy their printing, on a price consideration. Small cuts mounted on wood, in bastard sizes, lose their cost over again in time on every occasion they are used — delay in mortising, delay in justifying, delay in locking up. Cuts should always be mounted on metal to nonpareils — discard the point fallacy, which is all right in some places, but misleads the mark-out in catalogue work. The material supplied by the customer is right under these conditions. A printer runs unneces¬ sary risk in bidding on catalogue work if he fails to carefully inspect the material with which he is expected to get results. Besides, the printer who takes pains to get results is in no way justly to be compared to the printer who follows him and uses him as a guide. Printers are invited to send to “ Inquirer,” The Inland Printer, specimens of work .with which they have had difficulty, with as full detailed statements of all the circumstances of getting out the work. If at all possible, plates should also be sent. They will be printed in these pages and comment made upon the facts and com¬ ment invited. In this way some practical educa¬ tional work will be started that can not fail to be beneficial to all concerned. Names of firms or places will be suppressed if desired. A NATIONAL PAPER NEEDED. “ I have traveled around this country a great deal and have read most of the newspapers of importance, and I regret to say that, as yet, we have no national newspaper,” said President Woodrow Wilson, of Princeton University, in a recent speech. “All our newspapers are alike. In opinions, very largely, they are bounded by the localities in which they are published. Every newspaper, not excepting the great metropolitan dailies, is provincial. The only dif¬ ference between the New York paper and the country paper is that the former has more live news to select from and the latter is forced to use press association dispatches to fill space. “ The voice of the President is the only one that reaches the people. His views are published in all the papers. Speeches and views of members of Congress are published perhaps by the papers in their respective districts, but never get to the general public. “ The consequence is that the President’s voice is the only one heard in public affairs. That is why it is abso¬ lutely imperative that we elect Presidents who have national thoughts and inspirations. A national newspaper that would reach all the people would do much toward help¬ ing universal intellectual development.” 374 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Print BILL, THE PRESSMAN, SPEAKS. NYHOW, beer was made for more noble and glorious purposes,” said Bill the other day, during one of the daily sessions where printing- office troubles are made a matter of jest and the serious man gets small audience. Bill is the pressman. Sykes had suggested that Bill ought to try soaking a form in stale beer, to keep down slugs and furniture that had been working up in a form on the big cylinder press. “ I’ve seen,” said he, “ that remedy suggested a lot of times. It seems the beer is sticky and goes down around the stuff and holds it together.” “ I’m playin’ an engagement on the ‘ Gordons,’ down in Palo Alto, last year,” butts in Hutch, a feeder whose proud boast it is that he has fed in every town in the United States, and who looks with disfavor on all people who “ride on cush¬ ions,” “and a feller would have a hell of a time gettin’ any stale beer down there, where a mug is considered sporty if he stays up till 9 o’clock and they look with suspicion on a man who smokes. Get me some dope that will work out any place. You can’t tell ; you might have to work in a pro¬ hibition country some time. Maybe pop will work or ginger-ale or saffron tea. Pretty soon we’ll dope up some game that will be practical even in Redlands, or Pomona, California, where they have no excitement except the Salvation Army, see?” “You might as well try to keep down work-up by tying a pink ribbon to the fly-wheel,” says Bill, contemptuously. “You might just as well start right away and get at the seat of the trouble, which is probably bum justification. I’ll bet a million dollars ” — Bill always works in big figures — “I can stick a knife in any page of that form for lack of leads.” “ Maybe,” says Red, “ you got a cut underlaid crooked, and that causes the trouble.” “ Crooked hell ! ” answered Bill : “Ain’t I been underlyin’ cuts all my life? Don’t you think I know now how to underlay a cut? Some guy got it into his head some years ago that cuts were trimmed always at right angles to the bottom, which ain’t so. Did you ever notice how a cut- butcher attacks a cut to block it? No? Well, I have. “ First, after it’s etched, and the plate’s burned and beaten until it is as crooked as your hat, they nail it on a board and saw it to size and trim it, sometimes square, more often not, but, up to now, the cut is worked always bottom down, and prob¬ ably the sides are at right angles to the bottom. But now comes the final execution. They turn the cut face down and plane off the bottom, and here is where all the right-angle dope is put on the bum. The cut comes out low on one corner or low on one end, and you’ve just got to build that cut up square before the sides will right-angle with any¬ thing. “ It’s only in dream print-shops that pressmen have time to take cuts off the bases and monkey with them. In these days presses have to move, and move fast, else they’s a hole in the old man’s eatin’ money. “I’ll agree with any of you that it would be fine and dandy if conditions were different, so we could move easy, ‘ with deliberation,’ as the feller says, and stop at 10 o’clock for tea, like the clerks do in London. I don’t think it should be necessary for everybody in the business to be breakin’ their necks every minute, and the old man goin’ round lookin’ like he was poisoned, but them is the con¬ ditions and what can we do but hike, hike, hike? “A man spends a good many of his best years in the shop, where it’s dark, and greasy, and noisy and smelly, while the sun shines outside, and, mostly, he does it so somebody on the outside can get good printin’ for nothing, and meanwhile the printer man, he dries up, and gets lumbago or rheumatism or drinks himself blind and that’s all.” “ Well,” says Sykes again, “ I don’t know that we break our necks so much. We take it tolerable easy in the composin’-room.” “ Sure you do,” and here Bill gets all heated up as he goes after the composing-room. “ It seems to be a ginerally accepted fact that the typesettin’ department is never expected to make any money, and you fellers grin while you admit it. Always the cost of composition exceeds the most hopeful estimate by at least thirty per cent, and the poor ink-puddler is more often than not compelled to work for stingy money because of that fact.” “ It seems to me,” breaks in one of the comps., “that you worry an awful lot about the other departments. How does it eat on you? You get your check just the same, don’t you? You don’t have to break your neck unless you want to.” “ That,” answers Bill, “ is the dope that’s ped¬ dled all the time. But you mark what I’m tellin’ you: the time’ll come when the men in the shop will meet once in a while and they’ll decide if it ain’t good policy to get rid of the dead ones. Don’t you see that the good men in a shop have to make a profit not alone on their own labor, but also on that of the fellow who is incompetent or lazy or careless ? “ Every shop is more or less cooperative, and if one or two men or one or two departments drag THE INLAND PRINTER 375 down the general average, they also cut down any chance of advancement for the others. I think a good errand boy should have the right of protest against a bum superintendent or a bum pressman, or any other drag in a shop, because when it’s time for him to get an extra dollar stuck in his envelope, he don’t get it; for why? — because the bindery is losin’ money. “ I get a fierce grouch on when I think of any department losin’ money and me sweating blood all the time, not because I’m a freak who sweats blood for a livin’, nor is it because I can’t hold a job easy, but because I’m sorry for the old man, who has put all he had of capital and energy and brains into a business that has degenerated from an art that was somewhat classy into a mere sweat-shop grind, where half of the work is done at a loss and the rest of it problematical. “ Of course, this don’t apply to every print-shop. There are some in every city that show some degree of prosperity, but you got to show me the print-shop proprietor who goes to work in a red auto¬ mobile. More often he rides bad dreams around the red side of his ledger, and type- lice and ink-worms disturb his rest.” “They ain’t no ink- worms, is they?” queries Jimmy, who is young in the business and has some experiences coming to him. “ They ain’t so many as they used to be when I first began the business,” says Bill, “and I’ve seen a new boy strain a half barrel of news-ink through a cheese cloth without findin’ a single one. A long time ago when ink was pure and they didn’t put so much dope in it, they was lots of ink- worms, and often the composin’-room would have a specially lively type-louse that you could bet money would lick any ink-worm the pressroom could dig up, and there was many lively and inter¬ estin’ scraps in the old days. “We’ll get the new boy to hunt for some ink- worms after a while and, if he finds any, we might revive an ancient and honorable sport.” And then Bill laid the remains of his cigar carefully on a shelf and went after the refractory form that had given rise to all this conversation. It was 1 o’clock and the serious problem of doing good printing at a break-neck pace was before every man again. Some returned to the work with lighter hearts because of the ink-worm and type- louse fiction, and forgot for a while that they were only cogs in a big wheel. PROTEST AGAINST GOVERNMENT FREE-PRINTED ENVELOPES. In an interesting paper entitled, “ The Government Our Worst Competitor,” a Buckeye editor told a convention of Ohio newspaper men some hard facts that are bound, in time, to seep into the upper works at Washington and produce results. Apropos of the Ohioan’s comment on Government free-printed stationery there comes to the Independent’s attention a bunch of advertising matter, franked, setting forth the beauties of buying envelopes direct from Uncle Sam. The printing-office at Dayton, Ohio, for which the Government acts as sales agent and general distributor, under frank, did work during the fis¬ cal year ending June 1, 1908, amounting to $1,672,789.86. It repre¬ sents the sum taken annually from the chan¬ nels of private business. And for what alleged reason? To induce users of the mail, so the De¬ partment tells us, to use a return card on their envelopes and thus “ in¬ crease the efficiency of the postal service.” But the users of printed envelopes, nine :nt and honorable sport.” Out of ten of them we believe, appreciate the value of the return card on envelopes and would invariably secure them of local printers but for the indefensible prac¬ tice of the Government drumming up trade on a free-print basis and charging the losses in with the general postoffice deficit. It’s a picayune proposition for Uncle Sam. It is un-American and unfair. By the same token displayed for the excuse of its envelope piracy the Postoffice Department could enter the field of a half dozen other business enter¬ prises, and it is surprising that it has not. Up to now the press of the country, largely interested as it is in the printing business, has been mulishly patient; but there are indications of another reform movement that will wipe out the totally unfair and uncalled-for invasion of private domain. — Elkhorn (Wis.) Independent. A GOOD BEGINNING. This sign appears in a London shop window: OME GRONE UNE 6 A POT It refers to home-grown honey and its price, and is said to mark the initial effort of our own Simplified Spell¬ ing Board, under the personal direction of Professor Bran- der Matthews, to inoculate the Britishers with the virus of the new orthography. Gud luk, ol ! — Harper’s Weekly. 376 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Printer. PROOF OR ASSERTION IN ADVERTISING. SRINTERS prove or disprove their assertions of ability in their adver¬ tising. A printer advertises, “We are the printers. Our specialty is high-grade printing. Rush orders our favorites. Get our prices on your printing.” Who has yet seen tasteful printing with assertions resembling this? Such printing is cheap in the sense that penny cigars are cheap, or a dol¬ lar watch, or shoddy clothing. A trade that looks for this sort of cheapness is worse than none. . Is it worth while cultivating it on the score of cheapness alone? Printers competing with each other on how much they can afford to give away are on a very different standing to printers competing in excel¬ lent and tasteful work. The all too prevalent assertions that the printer can do high-grade print¬ ing are nullified by bad taste in type selection, arrange¬ ment, ornament, color, bad presswork and common stock. The man whose trade is worth while usually has some ex¬ perience in printing, and to him the me¬ dium of assertion in this form carries its own contradiction. Not only in the character of the advertising and the application of type, ink and paper do many printers contradict themselves, but their premises, business office and composing-room and pressroom, speak loudly against all their claims of taste and judgment. The very sign at the door contradicts them. Rawness, crudity, tastelessness and grubbiness stare stolidly at the beholder. “Ideas in printing — nifty notions for booming business. Be a booster and use our print¬ ing ” — the advertising displays the mental caliber of the printer and drives away rather than attracts profitable business. The printer’s advertising should be considered as a problem in itself. It should not be planned on the traditions of ordinary commercial advertising. Rather it should be made the expression of the maker’s taste and skill. This is particularly true of decorative and illus¬ trative work. Large type, glaring colors and blatant asser¬ tion are so com- m o n 1 y used that every one that uses them is part of a crowd and there¬ fore indistinguish¬ able and unprefer- able. The confusion comes from the be¬ lief that the more noise or the heavier the blow delivered to the senses the greater the chances of attracting atten¬ tion. But there is such a thing as numbing the percep¬ tions by too much clamor. The artist allows his work to speak for him. If it is excellent the name of the maker will not remain con¬ cealed. Printing is in the commercial struggle, of course, but suggestion is more subtle and penetrating than as¬ sertion, and when the printer realizes this and applies the principle to his advertising, he will separate himself from the crowd and become a class to himself, the choice of the dis¬ criminating. Printing ®ooD OBnougf) to Ifteep v ^ MAKE A PIECE OF PRINT- / C\ ING GOOD ENOUGH TO KEEP J IS NO SMALL TASK. THOSE WHO ARE ABLE TO ACCOM¬ PLISH THE WORK ARE FEW. THEY ARE SOUGHT FOR AND THEY MAKE THEIR OWN PRICES. UPON THIS PLANE PRINTERS MAY COMPETE TO THE UPLIFTING OF THE PRINTING ART; ON ANY OTHER THEY DEGRADE IT THE INLAND PRINTER 377 ^TheinmnD ^ S\PRinTER^r? A. H. McQuilkin, Edit* Published monthly by THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago, U. S. A. Vol. XLIII. JUNE, 1909. No. 3. us the names o£ responsible news- EDITORIAL NOTES. IF Senator Heyburn, of Idaho, ever reaches the pinnacle of being tariff-maker-in-chief , printer- dom will have to watch out. That solon sees in posters and similar advertising an excellent oppor¬ tunity to raise revenue. Scat on that made-in- France idea! Desire for debate, to macerate the lanate integument, is responsible for an agitation now to the front in many cities on the question of the right of employees to arrange with employers for the disposition of the hours worked in each day making up the forty-eight hour week. The secret of Midas was whispered into the ground — but those responsible for this agitation bray their asininity. “ Stamina rather than cost system is needed by employers,” is what a journeyman printer said in our correspondence department. Perhaps it is not so much stamina as a knowledge of the busi¬ ness fact that because a customer takes away one job, it does not indicate he is never coming back. Satisfactory service counts for just as much as the probable difference between two square bids, and jobs, like the feline in the song, come back with pleasing frequency. Acquaint your customers with good quality and efficient service, and they’ll come back. Canadian publishers of weekly papers at a recent convention were discussing municipal print¬ ing in towns and villages boasting of two papers and one paperless job office. The principal speaker urged printer-publishers not to submit bids against the lone job-printer. It was not a spasm of good nature that prompted him to give the advice. He said the job office would quote such low figures, there would not only be no profit in the work, but an impression created among the people that a fair-profit price is extortion. Why is it that, in village or great metropolis, there is always the printer so eager for work he is willing to do it at a loss or, at least, at figures which suc¬ cessful men will not undertake to do it for ? Since insuring profits in case of fire has become popular in Great Britain some printers there are beginning to ascertain in a scientific manner whether they have profits. Of course, the insured are not satisfied with, “ Oh ! I am making money in this little, growing business,” which has been the shibboleth of prosperity with so many printers all over the English-speaking world. The companies want tangible proof of profit, and some “ prosperous ” British printers are put to their 378 THE INLAND PRINTER wits’ end to produce it. In doing so, they are com¬ pelled to use scientific methods. Modern com¬ mercialism performs wonders in its progressive march. _ No mistake is more exasperating than to find that in making an estimate an important and costly item was overlooked. A simple and effect¬ ive guard against that common oversight is to make a list of all items that can possibly go into a job. With this at one’s elbow, there is small room for error, if the list be carefully consulted. This is a case where a look in time saves dollars. No fair business man wants to take advantage of an obvious error. If, in making change, a cashier gives more than the amount that should be returned, what man will fail to call attention to the mistake? No man will neglect to do so. But the printing trade is crippled from mistakes. That the printer will make a mistake is a matter of deliberate calculation with some unfair purchasers of printing, who set traps for the unwary. To prevent these mistakes and errors of judgment a tested cost-accounting system is the one sure rem¬ edy. It gives the printer the data necessary to show clearly to the customer that he is being charged a just figure or that the work is being done at a loss. Business men are willing to pay what a job is worth. The cost-accounting system places the printer in a position of unassailable right. Cost accounting is not a fad. It is a prime necessity to financial success. Business — manu¬ facturing business — is but a guess without it. It requires study and judgment and steady applica¬ tion of correct principles. From the time a job enters the printing-office until it is in the hands of the customer and the money collected it is an expense to the printer. To ascertain accurately the proportion of cost a job should be charged against each of the facilities provided by the printer for turning it out is the function of cost accounting. The actual work done — the visible work — typesetting, presswork, ink, paper, bind¬ ing, etc. — are too commonly figured as the only cost chargeable against the job. In fact, these items comprehend about fifty per cent only of the true cost. Why this is so, and wherefrom these additional costs accumulate, cost accounting makes plain. Occasionally we hear the old question revived of whether printers should be permitted to have imprints on their work. The American craftsman frequently has to fight for the privilege ; in Great Britain it is different. The law requires that cer¬ tain classes of printing shall bear the name of the printer. The scope of the law is wide, and we notice the Federation of Master Printers has been urging the use of imprints on all except the spe¬ cially exempted work. As is usual with British law, it is enforced rigidly, and a news item records one unfortunate ticket-printer who paid $40 into the Government coffers for his neglect. The Cir¬ cular of the Federation cites another case, in which “a man who has already obtained much printed matter from different houses without concluding the transactions by paying the accounts, deliber¬ ately struck out the imprint from the proof. He afterward declined to pay on the ground that no imprint was on the work, and this being a good defense, the printer was helpless and lost the whole amount of the irrecoverable debt.” The British Government has promised to inter¬ fere with schemes of circulation departments of some enterprising newspapers. Herbert Glad¬ stone, the member of the cabinet whose depart¬ ment looks after such affairs, says he will intro¬ duce a bill making it “ illegal for any proprietor, publisher or editor of any newspaper or periodical to charge any form of entrance fee, including the purchase and return of coupons, for prize distribu¬ tion in his paper.” It is claimed that many plans adopted by British publishers have a demoralizing effect on the public, appealing as they do to the gambling spirit. Mr. Gladstone said that, though the Government would do all in its power to secure the passage of remedial legislation, the active sup¬ port of the press would be necessary. Among those who urged action on the part of the Govern¬ ment were many publishers, some of whom com¬ plained of the enormous profits made by their fellow-publishers who thus “ debauched ” the dear public. What with postal regulations on this side of the Atlantic and the Government heeding the moral objections of disgruntled competitors on the other side, the circulation builders of both coun¬ tries must have an abundance of that feeling which makes men kin. A not unusual practice, which printers accept with comparatively little protest, is for a purchas¬ ing agent after inviting and receiving bids for printing to throw business ethics to the winds and juggle with the information received, allowing one whose bid is high to revise it and take the work. It is refreshing to note that occasionally a printer has a recollection of such double-dealing and refuses to be made a party to such purposes. A Western house which has carried out this sharp practice successfully was again in the market for THE INLAND PRINTER 379 printing recently, and the following letters explain what happened: “ Dear Sir, — We telephoned you three times last week, asking for a representative to call to figure on printing our large catalogue. We intend to issue a catalogue of one thousand pages, and if you are in the market for this class of work and want to submit a bid we would talk the matter over with your representative, but would urge you to give it immediate attention, as we are anxious to have all the bids in at the earliest possible time. Have your representative ask for the undersigned.” The answer : “ Dear Sir, — Replying to your favor of the 3d instant, as we have no assurance of the use you propose to make of the estimate requested from us, we regret that press of business will prevent our representa¬ tive calling on you.” Elsewhere we print a circular sent us by a firm well known in the printing world, which has become an enthusiastic advocate of “ Two hours additional of daylight — the most valuable thing in the world.” Though we may wonder why a sys¬ tem in which there inheres so much of advantage has not been bruited before, there is considerable feeling in favor of the change among those who thoroughly understand it. In Canada the senti¬ ment for the new order has become so strong that the question is now engaging the attention of Canadian statesmen. We are not inclined to think that beginning work during the summer months two hours earlier than at present is a change of slight importance. Assuming the methodical man who retires early, and gets up at a regular hour, it may make little difference. But humanity is not built that way. Men have their social obligations to attend to, and they are slow to adopt changes such as would make the dinner hour 4 o’clock and cause theaters and other amusement places to open at 6. Even though man professes to love to linger long between the sheets in the morning, we opine that once prevailed on to taste the joys of putting up the shutters at 3 p.m. he would scorn his present pet form of laziness. Good work pays. The finest quality of print¬ ing — that which is used for advertising pur¬ poses — is the kind in which there is the most money for the printer. Quality also pays in paper¬ making. Among the most serious charges made by Mr. Norris, of the Publishers’ Association, against American news-print papermakers is that, through ignorance of their craft, they waste mate¬ rial. It is estimated that unworkmanlike methods add at least $6 a ton to the cost of their product. The inexorable critic of the papermakers says a mill in Minnesota is producing the best kind of paper. He attributes the success of this mill to “the mentality of the manager — a former school¬ teacher — and his efforts to secure highly skilled workmen. It turns out a finer and better product than any other news-print paper mill in the coun¬ try. It uses less sulphite-pulp than other print- paper mills. From the same kind of wood that other mills use it grinds a better quality of mechanical pulp. Its product commands $4 a ton more than the output of its neighbors and it has a waiting list of customers.” So it goes from top to bottom — from employee to manufacturer success lies in quality. The public mind is being edu¬ cated to know the value of the best. While we may not have passed through the era of cheapness, there is less and less a desire for the cheap article, if the low price is at the cost of elegance, quality or good taste. The change in the public attitude is not surprising, for the constant development of the esthetic sense in our educational institutions is bound to have notable all-round results. Summertime and the glad vacation period are on us. In less strenuous days the printing world did not heed midsummer holidaying as a necessary institution. There was a long, slow day in which pleasure was mingled with business, and “suffi¬ cient unto the day is the evil thereof” seemed to be the quotation that guided men’s lives. Then aspirations and ambitions began to grow, almost imperceptibly at first, and a competence and the bequeathment of a good name and substantial edu¬ cation to the children ceased to satisfy. The com¬ mercial classes aspired to occupy the social posi¬ tion then held by the financial and landed inter¬ ests. To achieve that great things had to be done and immense fortunes amassed — fortunes much greater than had given supremacy to our social and political rulers of older regimes. Then set in an era of intense activity in which every nerve was strained to secure power or money, or both. Men and machines were speeded to the utmost. Physi¬ cians shouted alarms that the pace was too fast and prescribed vacations as a remedy for the race of money-makers ; and by the same token also for those who were not money-makers but had been drawn into the maelstrom of rush and worry. That the disciples of Esculapius were right was soon proved, for men who could afford holidays found they were gathering fuel to keep up steam for the remainder of the year. Fortunate were they who could dally by the sea or indulge their soul in the mountains. There is not much if any difference in the physical mechanism of the man with the bank-roll and the toiler who moils in the 380 THE INLAND PRINTER office, and he, too, secured a vacation which his employer was not long in discovering was a good investment. Strangely enough, the producers — the men who made the commodities, working in enervating surroundings — were not early placed among the vacationists. In the printing trades, however, the men in shirtsleeves are rounding out the circle, and the need of a summer rest is gen¬ erally recognized. So, if you do not wish to be regarded as “ queer ” or lacking in appreciation of what is due yourself, you will take a vacation. That does not mean buying a railroad ticket and traveling to some crowded resort. It means a shutting out the ordinary worries of the day. Get away from the grind and be care free for as many days as you can. In this way one can make of the summer solstice a means of storing up physical and mental health that will be needed and may be drawn on when the struggle is fiercest. The annual meeting of the American News¬ paper Publishers’ Association brought into promi¬ nence the arbitration agreement between that organization and the various unions. During the year President Ridder, of the Publishers’ Associa¬ tion, took occasion to speak slightingly of the arrangement. This was received with amazement by friends of arbitration, and Mr. Ridder’s state¬ ments were vigorously attacked in the Typograph¬ ical Journal. President Lynch satisfied himself by referring to it at the annual meeting in a jocular vein, so there is an impression abroad that Mr. Ridder remains among those who adhere to the arbitration plan. The best test of the scheme is the fact that twenty-seven additional publishers subscribed to the contract during the past year, making a total of three hundred and forty-five sig¬ natories. Opposition to the plan is manifested by publishers and employees, but it is worthy of note that during the panic there has not been a strike or lockout of importance in the newspaper world. Remembering the number of men involved, this is probably unprecedented in the history of indus¬ trialism. It was freely predicted by unionists that in depressed periods the arbitration plan would lead to wholesale reductions in wages. Such has not been the result, however ; the board has taken all the elements into consideration, and, naturally, the reductions have been few, the most notable being at Chicago, where the publishers estimate there has been a saving of $11,000 a year effected by a change in a bonus system that did not, how¬ ever, affect the minimum scale. All in all, the plan has been wonderfully effective, and in the ten years of its life has saved millions of dollars in lost wages and strike expenses, some of which has gone into the pockets of employees and some into the coffers of the employers, and even if there be some inequalities in the distribution it is much better than having wealth wasted. But the great¬ est benefits bestowed have been the stability given to employment, with all the social and economic advantages that follow in its train, and the elimi¬ nation of the rancor and hardship which accom¬ pany industrial struggles. The publishers of the country are to be congratulated on the educational work they are doing in blazing the path to a fair, equitable and cheap method of adjusting an impor¬ tant feature of the ever-present “ labor question.” The presence at their meetings of representatives of the principal unions is an object-lesson to other employers. A NEWSPAPER for the people in a large city will be denominated “an interesting experiment” by many of those who have had to do with the making of newspapers. Among that class there is very general concurrence in the idea that newspapers of the larger cities are so entangled with special interests they do not protect public rights in all respects. E. G. Lewis, who made such a gallant fight against the Postal Department, is the moving spirit in a publishing company which has taken cognizance of the feeling that the press is untrue to its professions. He purchased a paper with a great vogue as a sporting sheet four months ago, and since then has trebled its circulation to the homes. On entering the daily newspaper field, Mr. Lewis announced that as newspapers were peculiarly dependent on the public, they should be edited with an eye to the public interest. His method of attaining that end was that the sub¬ scribers, representing the public, should elect a managing trustee, who would act “ as the arbiter between the public and the policy of the paper, as an absolute guarantee to the public that on all public questions the paper stands clean and strong for the real truth and the real news without fear and without favor, and his power in this direction would be absolute.” Before experimenting with this innovation, Mr. Lewis is going to put his paper on its feet, and so the plan will not go into effect till the end of the first year of his owner¬ ship. What effect such a policy will have on the St. Louis Star is hard to conjecture. But Mr. Lewis has accomplished so many things that seemed impossible, he is apparently entitled to be designated by that much-abused phrase, genius. So far his success with the Star has been phenom¬ enal, and casual comment in St. Louis printerdom indicates that the promise of a representative of the public in the editorial sanctum has brought the paper not merely subscribers but intense parti- THE INLAND PRINTER 381 sans. They take the paper and, what is more important, believe in it implicitly. That quality raises a publication from being a mere newspaper and makes of it an institution — something that is a power in the community and beloved by the peo¬ ple almost as the university man loves his alma mater. All signs are propitious for Mr. Lewis, and if he achieves his desire he will have precipitated a revolution in newspaper making in many cities. It may be a decade or so before the results are fully apparent, but this is the age of quick results, and the protector of the public’s interests in news¬ paper offices may be so common as not to cause comment ten years hence. IS THERE TO BE AN ERA OF INDUSTRIAL CO-OPERATION? O be hopeful though surrounded with much- pessimism may be surmised to be an indica¬ tion of weakness. That the placative word is the olive branch of surrender of principle is the esti¬ mation of too many very worthy persons. It is not always possible to broaden the view of men who constitutionally and through education and environment have a narrowed and warped under¬ standing. But self-interest, the appeal of direct pecuniary profit, has a wonderfully wakening influence and power in changing the point of view. The attitude of capital to labor and of labor to capital still bears the stains of traditional wrong. How long this shall endure no one can say, but if two of the most powerful Christian nations are vying with each other, taxing and oppressing their peoples in making huge engines of death and woe, nineteen hundred years since Christ preached the gospel of good will and forbearance, we may well imagine that sardonic friends are well pleased — for the allegorical war which the Church teaches is being strongly fought by the internals. The strong, rallying call to reason made by the recent Peace Conference in Chicago goes out not only to the nations but to the ranks of industrialists. The printing trade has passed through a long and bitter fight, and peace has come. The United Typothetse of America is now turning its atten¬ tion to constructive work and, in many cities, President Fell and Secretary Macintyre have been influential in organizing anew the employing print¬ ers for educational and ethical purposes, which is strongly reflected in the work done at the May meeting of the New York Typothetse. The boards of trade in the East are doing a notable good in establishing trade usages and elucidating the prin¬ ciples of accounting. In this work no more dis¬ tinguished success has been attained than that of the Ben Franklin Club, of Chicago. President Hartman, of that organization, has held strenu¬ ously to its principles from its inception, and has given freely of his time and means to bring it to its present success and establish its future power of usefulness. Secretary Ellick has worked unre¬ mittingly in unifying the employing printers, and the accumulating experience of many establish¬ ments and their customs has made him a ripe adviser. A feature of the Western movement is that supply houses are cooperating intelligently with printers’ organizations. They are no longer the apparently “ delighted ” but secretly reluctant sources of tribute for printers’ functions, but are part of the effort to lift the printing trade to its just place in the industries. In Minneapolis, Omaha, San Francisco, Oakland, Sacramento, Los Angeles, and many other cities, the employers are cooperating with the supply houses in this way — and, in some cases, cooperating with the unions also. The International Typographical Union has undertaken industrial education for its members and for printers generally. Its distinguished suc¬ cess in this effort has won the applause of the fore¬ most educators of the country. Inspired by its success, the Bookbinders’ International Brother¬ hood is preparing for plans for supplemental edu¬ cation ; the International Printing Pressmen’s and Assistants’ Union is about to consider the subject and the Photoengravers’ Union is working along the same enlightened path. That these efforts are peace movements no one will deny. The day of a candid recognition of the fact of our industrial interdependence must come. It will come with a true perception of the responsi¬ bility of each interest to protect the trade against malign and disintegrating influences. The longer that day is delayed the longer will the prosperity which should attend this industry, on which all human development depends, be delayed. TRANSFERS OF PUBLISHING PROPERTY. The Harris-Dibble Company, dealers in publishing prop¬ erties at 253 Broadway, New York, report the consolida¬ tion of Selling Magazine and Profitable Advertising, of Boston. The new paper will appear in June under the name of Selling -Advertising , and will be published from the Postal Telegraph building, Broadway, New York. Mr. George French will be editor-in-chief. The Glass and Pottery World, of New York, has been sold to the Pottery & Glass Publishing Company. This also is a consolidation, and the new paper, which is to be known as Pottery and Glass, will be published in New York. The Harris-Dibble Company have also negotiated the sale of Motor Boating to the New Publication Company, owners of Motor. 382 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Printer. THE INFLUENCE OF COLORED STOCK ON COLORED INK. ^NE of the difficulties with which the printer is often confronted is the change in hue which colored inks undergo when printed on tinted paper. The difficulty of knowing beforehand what these changes in hue are likely to be is increased owing to the numerous influences by which they are caused. The texture of the paper plays an important part. The softer and more porous the paper, the duller will the ink appear. This difference in brightness can easily be shown by printing the same ink first on a highly glazed paper, and then on a piece of blotting-paper. A crimson madder, which will appear very bright on the former, will darken to almost a claret on the blotting-paper. The glazed paper will reflect the rays of light more or less parallel, while the rough surface of the blotting-paper, with its microscopic hills and dales, will scatter the light in all directions, quite apart from the absorption of the inks into the pores of the paper. This applies to white as well as to tinted stock. The greater the contrast between the tint of the paper and the color of printing-ink, the more the latter will be changed. Red ink printed on pink paper will suffer no appreciable change, but if the red ink be printed on a green paper, it will appear maroon or red-brown. The deeper the tint of the paper, the greater the change. A lemon- yellow ink printed on straw-colored paper will suffer no change, but if printed on a blue paper it will appear olive. If the paper is yellow and the ink a bright blue, the latter will appear from navy blue to almost black. A bright-green ink printed on pink paper will be changed to myrtle green. Violet ink on yellow paper will make a plum color. Myrtle-green ink on pink paper looks like green- black, and so on. It will be seen from this that it is useless and disappointing to print a brightly colored ink on a paper the tint of which is a complementary color to the ink. The effect is almost equal to that obtained by mixing a little black with the ink. The ink, if of a bright hue, should therefore har¬ monize with paper, a bright scarlet on a salmon- tinted paper, a bright-green ink on reseda or eau-de-Nil paper, an ultramarine ink on a sky- blue paper, if anything like the natural brilliancy and hue of the ink is to be preserved. If a second * All rights reserved. colored ink be added and, if a contrast be desired, let the second ink be a shade, that is, a dull full- strength color. Moreover, let it be an ink which is opaque, and which through its opacity is not so much affected by the tint of the paper. This brings us to another factor which plays an important part in the changes which inks suffer when superposed on tinted paper, namely, the pigment or base of the ink. The more trans¬ parent the ink, the more it will be affected by the tint of the paper. The more opaque the ink, the slighter will be the change in hue. Opaque inks such as earth-colors (umber, sienna, etc.), vermil¬ ion, ultramarine or chromes, undergo compara¬ tively slight changes, while transparent colors, such as madders, yellow lakes, green and violet lakes, Chinese blue and others are affected very much. It is obvious that if the ink is printed full, say double-rolled, the change of hue will be less than when printed spare. It has been my experience that, given the same ink and paper, no two print¬ ers will achieve exactly the same results, or do equal justice to the ink. The changes which various inks are likely to undergo when printed on tinted paper are sum¬ marized in the accompanying table, which gives thirteen different inks such as the average job- printer is likely to use. They are supposed to be of medium quality, and more or less opaque. There are fifteen tints of paper, also of average quality and depth of tint. These remarks, there¬ fore, do not apply to the deep-toned cover-papers, for which specially dense, opaque inks must be used. In order to render the table still more useful, I have adopted a simple plan whereby the three best two-color combinations on any given tint of paper are indicated. These are given in order of their artistic merit by the letters “A,” “ B ” and “ C.” I am fully aware that I am here treading on debatable ground, for the combinations which appeal to me as the most pleasing and artistic might not merit the approbation of others, but, nevertheless, the combinations indicated comply with the recognized laws of harmony and contrast of color. The following example will explain the method by which these color combinations are indicated : Take, for instance, buff paper; along the hori¬ zontal column under the inks two letters A, two letters B and two letters C will be found. One letter A is under “ terra-cotta ” ink and the other letter A under “ violet ink,” which means that terra-cotta ink and violet ink — which the buff paper will change into plum color — will form a good color combination on buff paper. The letter THE INLAND PRINTER 383 B under “maroon ink” and B under “olive ink” signify that maroon — which changes to red- brown — and olive will make the second-best com¬ bination on buff-colored paper. The letter C under “ scarlet ink ” and letter C under “ Chinese-blue ink” indicate that these two inks — changed by the tint of the paper to orange and blue-black A WARNING TO NOVELISTS. Professor Lounsbury, of Yale, gives a salient warning, in the June Harper’s, to those novelists or dramatists who endeavor to clothe their work in the language of a past age. Mr. Lounsbury says quite candidly that they do not do it correctly, and, rather than make a muddle of it, had better not attempt it at all. Even Thackeray and Scott are found in linguistic lapses of this sort by Mr. Louns- COLOR OF INK USED. TINT OF PAPER USED. Scarlet. .1 Maroon. J g H Chocolate or burnt umber. 5 | Myrtle. Turquoise. S e 2 Chinese or bronze blue s Neutral gray . C Maroon Claret. C bRed- Olive B Light A NC D Myrtle A D Peacock blue Navy B N C Plum Salmon pink . A NC NC A C NC Orange- yellow * B NC Deeper C More Light bluish gray lavender D B Purplish Roseorcerise . A B D D C D Dull orange Light B NC D A C D Blue- gray Navy Blue- black Fblack' Deep orange . Maroon Claret C Jted- A B D B C Light Green- black Blue- black A Blue- black Purple- black Light orange . Russet D C D D A D Brown' Myrtle C Green- black B Blue- black B Blue- black A Purple- black Primrose, canary, lemon... More More scarlet A Brownish B NC NC C NC A Paler Apple green C Paler Gray D B Blue- black Plum Buff . C Orange Maroon B b^ D A NC NC B NC D Blue- gray D C Blue- black A Plum Light brown or fawn . D D Red- brown Olive A C D B C D Myrtle D B D Blue- D Blue- black A Plum Olive . B Brown Claret A B Chocolate C NC C NC A D Yellow-green (reseda) - C Dull orange Claret Brown A Jjight B NC A NC NC C NC D Blue- gray NC Plum Pale green (eau-de-Nil). . . . Dull orange Claret C Brown B D A NC NC NC A NC C D Blue- gray B NC Plum Green . A B Red- brown claret B Brown D A NC NC C D C NC Blue- green Green-blue . Red- brown Claret C D Olive D A B D D Bluer NC NC A D B C NC D Pale blue . bRed' Claret C D Olive B D A D D Bluer NC NC B NC A C NC NC Lilac D B C D D D D A B NC D D D NC NC A C NC N C — No very appreciable change. D — Deeper or duller. respectively — will, on buff paper, form a pleasing combination, which will be third in merit com¬ pared with A A and B B. In many cases blanks have been left, which signifies that that hue of ink is not likely to be used on that particular tint of paper. In many instances fancy names are being used for both paper and inks, but they can be readily identified by the plain names used in the table and should not present any difficulty. An explanatory note in connection with fancy names would be an aid to the printer, however. bury — who adds that most people don’t know these things, for only “ some wretched pedagogue ” like himself is able to recognize them. By “ Wardour street English ” Mr. Lounsbury means imitation archaic language, just as Wardour street in London came to be known as a famous market for imitation old furniture. ON MAKE-READY. Good letterpress printing can never be secured by sim¬ ply hustling off the time on making ready, and adding a little to the pressure ; that is good enough for mangling — not for printing. — B., in Scottish Typographical Circular. Therefore, of all the pictures That hang on Memory’s wall, The one of the dim old forest Seemeth the best of all. — ■ Alice Cary. THE INLAND PRINTER 385 CORRESPONDENCE While our columns are always open for the discussion of any relevant subject, we do not necessarily indorse the opinions of contributors. Anonymous letters will not be noticed; therefore, correspondents will please dive their names — not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. All letters of more than one thousand words will be subject to revision. DE VINNE’S PRICE LIST RECALLED. To the Editor: Topeka, Kan., May 15, 1909. It may interest those who observed Mr. Fantus’ wish for a comprehensive price-list, referred to on page 242 of May Inland Printer, to have the fact recalled that a price¬ list was prepared by Mr. De Vinne over thirty years ago, covering a great variety of work. It would no doubt be highly enlightening to compare some of his figures with those in use at the present day. My copy of this work was passed on to an employing printer about twenty-five years ago, and was destroyed in a fire. Has not Mr. Ramaley done something in the same line within the last ten or fif¬ teen years? Alden S. Huling. LACK OF SORTS AND COST SYSTEMS. To the Editor: Chicago, May 18, 1909. The skit about Chicago “ bosses ” needing stamina, by “ Journeyman,” in your last issue emboldens me to say something about how it is some composing-rooms don’t pay, and why cost of composition comes so high. My reason or complaint is an old one — as old as the trade possibly — but there seems to be nothing to do but keep it to the front. Lack of material ready for use when you want it makes it an outrage to judge of a man’s capac¬ ity by what his work-ticket shows. Not only is time lost picking sorts or hunting other material, but the irritation and annoyance the hunting is to the compositor depresses him and reduces his efficiency; he is not able to do nearly as much as he would if there were no interferences. It is very unfair to the workman, and I have worked in offices where, if they had discharged me for what the ticket showed, my resentment would have provoked me to raise a riot. If you mildly protest against these rotten conditions a trite answer is: “You get your wages on pay day, so what business is it of yours? ” There is something in that too, but not much from an employee’s standpoint. A man who takes pride in his work and believes in delivering the goods is done a great injury when he is discharged for slowness, and the fault was lack of sorts or other reasons under office control. Some employers — possibly a major¬ ity — say “ pooh-pooh ! ” to that, believing they are entitled to impose all sorts of wrongs on their men, the only barrier to their rapacity being the law of the land. I hear some offices encourage men to put down the time lost hunting for sorts, etc. My suggestion is that, where this is not pro¬ vided for by the office and these delays are frequent, the men put down time lost on account of lack of material. This may show the boss the need of buying some stuff, 3-5 as it will show him in black and white that material is cheaper than labor. The lack of it makes good labor pay poor returns. Will employers learn those simple truths? Another Journeyman. WANTS GRAPHIC ARTS MEN TO COOPERATE ON TARIFF ISSUES. To the Editor: Gloversville, N. Y., May 4, 1909. When we stop to think, it is really surprising what a lot of printing is done abroad and sold in this country, especially in the souvenir post-card line. Now, I desire to know if there is any duty paid on any printed matter manu¬ factured in other countries and sold in our country? I believe that this country can take care of that print¬ ing as well as any other country, probably better, if given the chance to try. To my mind, the revision of the tariff and newspaper comment on same has attracted wide attention and caused much discussion. Now, that this tariff is going the rounds, I think that it is high time for the printers (employing and working) to get together and see what can be done for our trade. This question of printing I believe should interest every employing and working printer, and now is the time to attend to this important matter. I should be glad to have some more of our fellow-printers cough up their opinions in regard to a duty on printing, that we may be better pro¬ tected. I have written this little agitator to The Inland Printer, believing it is the best paper in which we can air our opinions. Trusting this will awaken all to the fact that a large amount of our printing is manufactured abroad, and that we shall be favored with other views from our brother printers on this subject of duty, I remain sincerely, William Stanley Linto. PRESSMAN WANTS EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM FOR HIS CRAFT. To the Editor: New York, May 15, 1909. You are apparently greatly interested in technical edu¬ cation, as you call it, but seem to have a particular love for the compositors. What is the matter with the press¬ man? Is he a sort of poor relation, or do you think he has nothing to learn, or is it that you have no knowledge to disseminate? I think there is a great deal that the press¬ man can be taught in one way and another. There is color harmony, which is surely of as much importance to the pressman as the compositor, who seems to be the only one who can grab off that stunt in an easy and scientific man¬ ner. There is a lot we could learn about ink and paper and mechanics that would prove valuable. Some people with an inclination to study have got all that information by a great quantity of hard work. Per¬ haps you will tell the rest of us to go and do likewise, and we will get the knowledge. That isn’t quite the thing. Few of us have had the early training that gives people the trained mind — a mind that knows how to get hold of knowledge. We need it, but to get it in that laborious way deprives us of one-half its value. Then, too, there are other things in life besides bread-winning work. Some have growing families and other interests to be looked after. You, Mr. Editor, should not say that because others of greater brain and more natural persistence have done so and so, it is good enough for others. The education is 386 THE INLAND PRINTER beyond the reach of the great mass of pressmen, and it should be brought within their reach. There is a possible danger confronting the pressman. I can not begin to meet the arguments of old heads like Mr. Kelly and Mr. Bullen, but I feel it “ in my bones ” that the offset press is going to cut ice in our kingdom before long, and I have often seen it that the man with the “ feel¬ ing in his bones ” knew as much about it as the big fellows who can write articles and make speeches showing that “ feeling ” doesn’t amount to anything. Pressmen should be prepared to take hold of these new presses when they come, just as the compositor did the typesetting machines. But some of those fellows had to pay a high price to learn how. Perhaps it will be possible for us to avoid that difficulty. If it is, we ought to do it. Can’t you help us, Mr. Editor? J. J. If our correspondent has read The Inland Printer he must have found that the interests of the pressman have been by no means neglected in the publication of instruc¬ tive, practical articles. There is an old saying to the effect that “ You can bring a horse to the water, but you can not make him drink.” Some few years ago, shortly after the Inland Printer Technical School was established, a pressroom department was added. The equipment was of the best — three cylinder presses, two platen presses and a Harris automatic press, with all the appurtenances of a first-class pressroom, and competent instructors were employed. The cooperation of the pressmen’s union could not be secured at that time, the idea of schools being fixed in the minds of the pressmen with insincerity of purpose. The attempt of the Inland Printer Technical School bene¬ fited a few pressmen, but as it was obviously in advance of the time it was abandoned temporarily. Meantime, the International Typographical Union grasped the oppor¬ tunity of cooperation afforded by the initiative of the Inland Printer Technical School. Within a year it has eight hundred students developing their latent ability by a correspondence system which has earned the enthusi¬ astic approval of the most advanced and experienced edu¬ cators. The practical success of the course of instruction lies in the fact that a number of the students have had their wages advanced voluntarily by their employers. The International Printing Pressmen’s and Assistants’ Union, the International Brotherhood of Bookbinders and the International Photoengravers’ Union have in consideration propositions to the membership of their bodies for supple¬ mental technical education. Whatever experience the Inland Printer Technical School has in educational work is of course at the disposal of these organizations, and before the present year draws to a close we expect that our correspondent will find that the principles advocated for so many years by this publication — that the earning power of a man lies in what he knows and that the beneficial power of a union lies in highly skilled operatives — will be accepted and the principles applied by the efforts of unions in educational work. What can be taught to pressmen by correspondence may seem almost negligible. But that view was held by many printers before the International Typo¬ graphical Course was established. Yet that course has proved and is proving its value every day. That the press¬ men students can be similarly benefited will be amply proved at the proper time, when the International Print¬ ing Pressmen’s and Assistants’ Union takes the initiative. If pressmen have any suggestion to offer, we shall be glad to consider them and discuss their views in these pages. — Editor. Written for The Inland Printer. LONDON NOTES. BY OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT. Printers’ Tour. — The Institute of Printers and Kin¬ dred Trades of the United Kingdom organized a visit to Germany at the end of May. Leipzig was the first town visited, where the visitors inspected the German Book- craft House and the Von Weissenbach collection; the printing-ink factory of Berger & Wirth; the machine fac¬ tory of Karl Krause; the typefoundry of J. G. Schelter & Giesecke; the book and music printers, Oscar Brand- stetter; the book publishers, K. F. Koehler and F. Volck- mar; the bookbinding establishments of E. A. Ender and the Leipsic Bookbinding Company (Gust. Fritzsche) ; the Royal Academy of Printing Arts and Book Crafts; the book-printing works of Phil. Reclam, junior, and several other firms. Dresden and the International Lithographic Exhibition of 1909 was also visited. A trip was taken to Dresden-Heidenau, and a visit paid to the machine fac¬ tory of Rockstroh & Schneider. In Berlin the Imperial Printing Works and newspaper printing works of Ullstein & Scherl were inspected, and also the Royal Museum of Art Industries. Sixty dollars was the cost of the tour to each individual. Printing Plant of Bank of England. — The Bank of England — which, by the way, is not a Government insti¬ tution, as is popularly supposed, but a private company which simply acts as banker for the nation — possesses a very complete printing-office in which a large amount of work is done. Here the banknotes are printed and num¬ bered by specially constructed presses, and dividend war¬ rants, balance sheets and other jobs are turned out. The most of the machinery and appliances for use have been specially designed and constructed for the bank’s use. The latest machine to be installed is of an ingenious character, intended for the printing of addresses on envelopes from Linotype slugs. It is the invention of a Mr. McPherson, and is expected to be a great labor-saver. The Linotype bars are cast one-third the height of ordinary type to save metal and room in storage. These slugs are fed from a long galley to the machine, and the address, which con¬ sists generally of four lines, is then taken by a chase on a reciprocating table, in groups of four lying one against the other, and while moving toward the impression cylinder carrying the paper envelope, the chase-bars in the recipro¬ cating table automatically separate or space the various lines to the required degree to be impressed on the envelope without the use of furniture, and after the printing opera¬ tion the chase is again closed together, and the Linotype bars delivered at the opposite end of the machine. They are returned to their respective cupboards, where they are stored until required for the next working. A cup¬ board 3 feet 6 inches by 2 feet 8 inches by 8 inches will hold 2,400 addresses, each address comprising four pica Linotype bars. The first slug prints the registration num¬ ber at the left-hand corner of the envelope, the second the name of the person to whom the envelope is to be sent, and the third and fourth the address of such person, so that a change in address does not destroy the whole, one line, and sometimes two, only having to be reset. This machine enables envelopes, post-cards and circulars to be addressed at a speed of 1,800 per hour. It can be used for filling in dividend warrants, notices, circulars, etc., and can be adapted to the requirements of almost any business. Special Printing Machinery for Insurance Com¬ pany. — An ingenious machine has just been built to suit the requirements of the Prudential Insurance Company. THE INLAND PRINTER 387 which does an immense business in life insurance, and caters to the working classes by accepting payments of its premiums in weekly instalments. It has branches all over the country, most of them palatial buildings, and employs thousands of clerks. Naturally an institution of this class has a great deal of printed work to do of a special char¬ acter, and the machine referred to has been specially built to suit the company’s requirements. It prints on notices and receipt forms the name of the insured person, policy number, amount of premium, date when payable, name and address of the agent to whom payable. In addition, it prints at the bottom of the notice or receipt, the full name and address of the insured, or of the person entitled to receive the notice and receipt. These particulars are all printed at the rate of two thousand complete notices per hour. The machine also addresses the envelopes and prints the agents’ debit notes and, if desired, lists of names and addresses. Another device makes it possible to print only the name and address without the policy particulars, or the policy particulars only without the name or address. The construction of this machine is very ingenious and will save an immense amount of labor. New Representative for American Firm. — The Golding Machinery Company, of Boston, Massachusetts, whose British agency was formerly held by the late Mr. M. P. McCoy, have just appointed Messrs. Hunters, Lim¬ ited, of London, as their agents here for their Golding jobber, Pearl platen, and other appliances for printers that are manufactured by them. The Hunters are already British agents for a number of German and American printing machinery firms, and from the position they occupy in the trade ought to be able to push with vigor the Golding specialties in this country. Stealing Employees. — A member of the Master Print¬ ers’ Federation has entered a complaint against a practice which some firms resort to for the purpose of securing a promoter of peace. 388 THE INLAND PRINTER good workmen. Instead of advertising in the ordinary way, attempts are made to secure efficient men holding permanent positions in other offices by offering better wages. He cites, as an example, a case wherein a com¬ positor in his employment, receiving less than $10 a week, was offered a similar position with another house at $14. This compositor was first approached through an inter¬ mediary, the offer being later confirmed by a person in authority. Striving for the Eight-hour Schedule. — The eight- hour day movement is still the goal toward which the various unions are striving. A conference took place recently at Manchester under the presidency of Mr. C. W. Bowerman, M. P., to consider how to take joint action to secure a uniform eight-hour day or a forty-eight hours’ working week throughout the country. In a number of establishments the eight-hour day, or its equivalent, is already working. Some of the reasons given for the demand that is about to be made are the unfair competi¬ tion that exists between employers in towns where the hours vary, the increased tension placed upon the workers through the introduction of labor-saving devices, and the unemployment which prevails in the various industries concerned. In unemployed benefits alone the Typograph¬ ical Association last year disbursed over £10,000 ($50,000). At present the working hours in Great Britain range between forty-eight and fifty-six hours per week. A memo¬ rial has been drafted and forwarded to the employers, and the men have hopes that their demands will receive favor¬ able consideration. Change in Working Rules of Typographical Asso¬ ciation.- — The Typographical Association purposes mak¬ ing several alterations in its working rules, among which is one aiming to keep recording instruments out of the office. It is as follows : “ That bonus-paid taskwork, indicators, etc., or any system by which typesetting- machine operators’ output may be gauged, shall not be permitted under the auspices of the association; nor shall members accept work on composing machines on terms under which they are called upon to produce a fixed amount of composition, or on a system of payment (except piece work pure and simple) which offers inducements to racing or undue competition between machine operators; also that no indicators or other mechanical contrivances shall be permitted to be attached to letterpress printing machines for the purpose of time-checking.” To Stop Newspaper Contests. — The evils of news¬ paper competitions and the giving away of prizes have become so pronounced here that a bill is about to be intro¬ duced in the House of Commons to render it “ illegal for any proprietor, publisher, or editor of any newspaper or periodical to charge any form of entrance fee, including the purchase and return of coupons, for prize competitions in his paper.” As circulation booms these competitions had their day, until they became so unwieldy as to cause a feeling of dissatisfaction as to their fairness. When one pays rates on circulation one expects that the circulation will be a bona fide one, and not one bolstered up by non¬ reading competitors who have abnormally sent up the number of copies sent out. A number of prosecutions have taken place recently in connection with newspaper com¬ petitions, but owing to the present unsatisfactory state of the law, convictions have not been obtained, and the new bill aims at remedying this. English Edition of American Advertising Journal. — An English edition of the American advertising publica¬ tion, Printers' Ink, has been commenced in London this week, and in a strong attempt to push the circulation even the street hawkers handled the first issue. The London publishers are Messrs. Benson, a well-known firm of adver¬ tising agents, and if any one can make a success of the paper in this country they can. The first number cer¬ tainly appealed to the British advertising world, and it will probably make American methods of publicity more popular in this country. Racing Editions. — Londoners are very keen on horse¬ racing and are most impatient to get the results of any important event on the turf. This has led to a practice by the evening papers, of telephoning the names of the win¬ ning horses to suburban agents, who then print them in the edition they have in hand, by means of an india-rubber stamp with movable letters. This method saves time and trouble in sending the papers to the outlying districts and also serves to sell editions that would be stale stock if that containing the result were sent out from the office. Lon¬ don evening papers publish editions almost hourly and, hence, if the older issues are sold out there is less loss to the proprietors. This practice of stamping in names has just brought a news-agent before one of the police courts, where he was charged with obstructing the street. One of the witnesses said that the accused set up the type on the steps of a hotel and did the stamping in the roadway. The magistrate said that he never heard a more impudent use of the public way. The public were inconvenienced in order that fools might know the result of a race — in order that they might see whether they had cheated the book¬ maker or the bookmaker had cheated them. He hoped the man would be brought before him every time he did it. It was obvious that this kind of thing paid, so he ordered the defendant to pay the full penalty of $10, with 50 cents costs. Improvement in Half-tones in British Dailies. — British newspapers are rapidly developing the possibilities of the half-tone block for illustrative purposes, and are improving in the practical printing of such pictures on fast rotaries. There have been considerable difficulties to over¬ come and many experiments have been made with the result that very fair work is now being turned out. Among the newspapers that may be specially noted for half-tone work are the Manchester Guardian, the Daily Telegraph, Daily Graphic, and Daily Mirror (London), and the Daily Sketch, a new Manchester paper. Most rotary experts agree that a 55-line screen gives the best block for this class of work, and a firm yet resilient cylinder packing eliminates a lot of the make-ready difficulties that for¬ merly beset the operatives. The inkmaker, too, has been giving his help, and all around the results are much improved. If it were only possible for daily newspapers to use as good a quality of paper as some of the local week¬ lies the improvement in appearance would be even greater. AGAINST THE RULES. There is a certain Pittsburg broker who insists that every clerk in his establishment shall present an immacu¬ late personal appearance. “ If you care to retain your position in this house,” said he one morning to one offender whom he had summoned to the private office, “ you will have to devote more attention to your toilet. Why, man, you present the appearance of one who has not shaved for a week.” “ Beg pardon, sir,” said the clerk, “ but I am raising a beard.” “ That’s no excuse,” said the boss. “ You must do that sort of thing outside business hours.” — Harper's Weekly. THE INLAND PRINTER 389 Written for The Inland Printer. INCIDENTS IN FOREIGN GRAPHIC CIRCLES. GERMANY. The city council of Leipsic has increased its appropria¬ tion for the local printing-trade school from 4,500 marks to 8,750 marks. A permanent printing exposition, similar to the one at Leipsic, though smaller as yet, has been started at Berlin ( Dessau erstrasse 2) . The General Composing Machine Company, of Berlin, a manufacturer of Linotypes, announces its intention of adding twelve more letters to the keyboard, making 102 keys, and has left the selection of the extra letters and their positions on the board to a vote of the printing trade. The finance committee of the German Reichstag has now definitely rejected the proposition to place a tax on posters and advertisements, the fear of which during the past winter caused so much perturbance in publishing and advertising circles. A proposition to levy a tax on the consumption of gas and electricity was also rejected. Herr Max Gunther, a leading book-printer and news¬ paper publisher, of Berlin, recently deceased, in his will left ten thousand marks each to the Berlin Association of Master Printers, the Union of Affiliates of the German Stage and the poor of Berlin. The Association of Elec¬ trical Engineers of Germany receives a half million marks to establish a “ Max Gunther Endowment Fund.” The testator was publisher of the Elektrotechnischer Anzeiger, a prominent electric engineering journal. FRANCE. The well-known Foucher typefoundry, of Paris, has constructed an automatic typecasting machine, said to be capable of delivering thirteen thousand letters per hour. The previous capacity of such machines has been only three thousand letters per hour. A Parisian inventor, M. P. Capdevielle, has brought out an automatic device, to be attached to line-casting machines, which takes a proof of each line as fast as it is cast ; when the operator has finished setting a take of copy, the proof of it is ready to be sent to the reader. The Bulletin Officiel of the French master printers recently published a list of employees of printing-offices and allied industries to whom the Minister of Commerce and Industry of France on December 30 last presented medals of honor, because of their serving thirty years and over in one place. The list astonishes one, as it comprises about one hundred and seventy men and women and covers nearly every department and large city and town in France. According to official reports, the following salaries are paid to the nontechnical personnel of the French Govern¬ ment Printing Office: Chief director, $3,600; assistant directors and chiefs of departments, according to age of service, $1,200 to $2,200 ; inspectors of the Oriental section, $800 to $1,200; the house physician (who also has an out¬ side private practice), $600; superintendents, $1,000 to $1,300; foremen, $960 to $1,200; proofreaders, $700 to $1,200; assistant foremen, $720 to $900 ; editors and libra¬ rians, $500 to $960 ; secretaries, $460 to $760 ; clerks, $360 to $480; porters and stock-room help, $1.30 to $1.50 per day; coachmen, hostlers, cyclists and office messengers, $1.20 to $1.30 per day. All these employees also receive their salaries during sickness and are entitled to invalid pensions. ITALY. The printing-office of the Propaganda of the Roman Catholic Church, at Rome, has now been consolidated with the printing-office of the Vatican. The Propaganda’s print- ery has a notable history. The reports sent in by the foreign missionaries of the church had in the seventeenth century increased to such an extent that a special commis¬ sion was established to care for them and to systematically direct the missionary work. Under Pope Gregory XV. the first session of the cardinals of the Propaganda was held, on January 14, 1622. Four years later, under Urban VIII. (June 20, 1626), there was in active operation a printing- office belonging to the church, which was supplied with Latin, Greek, Arabic, Chaldean and Illyric fonts. In less than one year religious literature in fifteen languages was issued. Soon after fonts for twenty-three other languages were added. Upon the death of the owner of the premises in which the shop was located (Via Torre del Grillo) Car¬ dinal Antonio Barberini removed it to the immediate neigh¬ borhood of the Propaganda office, and on March 18, 1644, it was moved into the palace of the Propaganda itself. The remaining catalogues of those days testify to the great variety and accuracy of the work emanating from this polyglot printing-office. AUSTRIA. The first Austrian paper mill, it is claimed, was started at Gross-Ullersdorf, which mill still exists to-day as a very modern factory. In the archives of the castle at Ullersdorf are to be found acts of the year 1550, in whose paper are to be seen as water-mark the insignia (a lion) of the Counts of Zierotin. The Moravian religious brotherhood made use of considerable printed matter in the propaganda work of their sect, and had many printeries, to supply which they caused paper mills to be established in their country. The one at Ullersdorf was begun by the Zierotin counts, who were patrons of the Moravian brothers. The acts mentioned are mainly records of witch trials, tragic memorials of a very tragic period. Even a poor paper-mill hand of Ullersdorf, named Barbara Gottlicher, was burned as a witch in 1680; no doubt the record of her trial is written on paper in the production of which the victim had participated. PAPER INDUSTRY IN BRITISH INDIA. Consul-General William H. Michael, of Calcutta, writes that there are eight paper mills in operation in British India, and that most of the white and blue foolscap and much of the blotting-paper, note-paper, and envelopes used in the government offices are obtained from the Indian mills. Nevertheless, the native mills produce only about one-third of the entire amount consumed, and this in spite of the fact that India has better and cheaper raw mate¬ rial than most paper-manufacturing countries. — Consular Reports. A BALD FALSEHOOD. This story was told at a church banquet in Atchison: A boarder complained to the proprietor of the hotel that he had found hair in the ice-cream, hair in the honey and hair in the apple-sauce. “ That is queer,” said the pro¬ prietor. “ The hair in the ice-cream must have come from shaving the ice; the hair in the honey must have come from the comb ; but I can’t understand how the hair got in the apple-sauce, for I picked the apples myself and they were all Baldwins.” 390 THE INLAND PRINTER JOB COMPOSITION BY F. J. TREZISE. In this series of articles the problems of job composition will be discussed, and illustrated with numerous examples. These discussions and examples will be specialized and treated as exhaustively as possible, the examples bein^ criticized on fundamental principles — the basis of all art expression. By this method the printer will develop his taste and skill, not on mere dogmatic assertion, but on recognized and clearly defined laws. SHIPPING LABELS. Every business house should have a shipping label. Aside from its usefulness, nothing that a business house can do will prove more effective advertising than a neatly wrapped package on which is placed a distinctive label. In this case, the word “ distinctive ” can not be too strongly emphasized, for the commonplace label has practically no advertising value, but the one which compels not only a glance, but a careful attention on account of its oddity or with nothing inside — but the value of an attractive out¬ ward appearance can not be denied. There is no question but that much of the attractiveness of holiday gifts lies in the bright papers and ribbons with which they are wrapped and the “ snappy ” little stickers with which they are sealed. Care in wrapping implies a valuable content — valuable at least for its associations, if not intrinsically. Of all business concerns, the printing-house should be the most careful to attractively label its packages, for the advertising value of the label should be considerably greater to the printer than to other business men. Not only does he have the same opportunity of attracting atten¬ tion by the label as a mere statement of his name, business, etc., but the label in itself is a forcible example of his qualifications to turn out the business which he solicits. A poor label on a package from a jeweler, for instance, does not imply that the jewelry sent out by the firm repre¬ sented is not all that it should be, but a poor label on a package from a printer does imply that the content of the package is not all that one would have it. Labels of a decorative nature, especially when printed in colors, give a rich effect to the package. Especially is this true when one of the colors is red or orange, the bright color giving a “ snappy ” appearance. In Fig. 1 is shown a label of a decorative character, although the lack of a sec¬ ond color and the fact that it is printed on a coated paper detract much from its appearance. As it is, however, the beauty, is the one that impresses the name of the firm using it upon the minds of those who see it. The value of an attractive package can not be over¬ estimated. It gives an impression of “ class ” otherwise unobtainable. The package done up in a newspaper may contain a more valuable article than the one artistically wrapped, but no one can deny that the outward appear¬ ance of the latter seems to suggest a more valuable con¬ tent. The watch in a tin case will keep just as good time as if it were in a solid-gold case, but the latter is the more acceptable. Of course, it is not intended that the package shall be of greater value than the contents — all show, two tones produced by varying the weights of the deco¬ rative borders are pleasing and the effect as a whole is very satisfactory. Fig. 2 shows a design of an entirely different character. Instead of the richness of decorative border and gothic letters, the border is geometric in design and the lettering of a plainer nature than those shown in Fig. 1. This design, also, would lend itself very readily to a two-color treatment — in fact the addition of another color would improve it very materially. In Fig. 3 is shown another label of a decorative nature, with ornamentation in keeping with the character of the THE INLAND PRINTER 391 business for which it is used. The border at the top and bottom of this label has the “ spiky ” characteristics which harmonize well with the type which has been used. The plainer label of type and rules is shown in Fig. 4. into shapes and sizes of a pleasing character. Dividing the label into two equal parts, either by panels or by having half of the space taken up by the wording and the other half blank, is as unsatisfactory in this as in other printed ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ from / CHARLES, SMITH & BOYD ~ FINE PRINTING AND BINDING 2000 SOUTH THIRD STREET, PITTSBURG f°r i ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Fig. 2. — The geometric design in the border is pleasing and harmonizes well with the type used. r — !< — - - i (gjjomas {James (Efontgoumr 'tJ | (D|ustcal Xnstrummts :: 228 Gastm jgtwt, Jfouticm,;Qa. 3 fov . Fig. 3. — Rich in gothic effect, the “ spiky ” ornamentation haying the same characteristics as the letters. As in all other classes of printed matter, the use of few type-faces in a single job should never be overlooked in the composition of label forms. The chief consideration in the designing of labels is the question of proportion, or the breaking up of the space matter. Hence we make the panels of unequal sizes, giving the larger of the two to the space for the address. Fig. 1 shows the same breaking up of the spaces, excepting that the space for the address is at the top of the label instead of the bottom. There is no definitely prescribed form for 392 THE INLAND PRINTER the label — the address may be at the top, bottom or on one side, as shown in the examples herewith, or in any other arrangement that may suggest itself. Fig. 5 forms a rather attractive label, the geometric was printed on white cloth-finished stock, with the mono¬ grams in green and the balance of the job in black. The question of the breaking up of spaces enters into this prob¬ lem, and we can not but feel that the parallel rules divid- From JOHNSON & HADLEY PRINTERS :: BINDERS :: ENGRAVERS 824 SOUTH FRONT STREET, CHARLESTOWN, MAINE for . Fia. 4. — A label of a plainer nature. Would lend itself nicely to a two-color treatment. border harmonizing well with the Caslon capitals. One will also note that the border is of such tone as to har¬ monize with the type. In Fig. 6 we have a rich, decorative label and one that would attract attention almost anywhere. The original ing the type from the blank space would be more satisfac¬ tory if not placed so nearly in the center of the label. Also — although the label in question is so attractive it seems rather beside the point to question it in any par¬ ticular — it would seem that a still more pleasing har- orftu Jb . ^*riit of m false Estimates, sit $ all die Jtishrr ituabaguiet home; nines of sue cam giant htg; a jeto kalis full of tits in* sgiration of a genius,; a feta frieniis tuortfnt of king lotted anti able to lone ns in tucte a lumtirate innocent gleasures that king no gain or sorrow betio= tioittotk right that teill neteet storcne- nsintgle religion emgtg of all higotetr full of trust anti hoge anti loge-antito snrlt a gfulosoghg this teorlti teillgiue ng all the emgtg jog it Iras,e Figure 2. Che Book of Common Prayer And Administration of the Sacraments and Other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church According to the Use of the Protestant Episcopal Cbnrcb in the United States of America together with the Psalter or Psalms of David Dew York: Printed for the Committee 1000 Figure Figure 4. FlGU-RE 5. <5 1 Jr A BOOK ON PRINTING By CHARLES EATON SMITH CHICAGO THE EMPIRE PRESS 1907 Figure 7. ^petimms of Cpograpfttcal Besign bg grtubmts of ti)t Jnlanb printer Cecftitlcal ^cbool anti tbe JM. H, Course in printing WF~~~ ^^jHE foregoing pages are mainly wor^ °f students in the In- IT land Printer Technical School and I. T. U. Course in Print- I ing. They represent exercises carried out under conditions rQp which are given as part of the problem, the object being, in this particular line of work, to reproduce the limitations of an average shop, and execute certain typo¬ graphical designs under these limitations. As will be noted, hand-lettering plays quite an important part in this work, being a special feature of the I. T. U. Course. Fig. 1 . A hand-lettered sentiment, with decorative border. Designed and lettered by A. T. Gaumer, a graduate of the I. T. U. Course in Printing. Fig. 2. Showing an original heading, pre¬ sumably drawn by a commercial artist, and a re-drawing of same by A. T. Gaumer. A demonstration of the commercial value, to the compositor, of a study of lettering. Fig. 3. A solution of one of the prob¬ lems given in the I. T. U. Course in Printing. By Charles H. Lorenz. Fig. 4. A certificate design, awarded the first prize in a contest. By A. H. Farrow, a student of the I. T. U. Course in Printing. Fig. 5. An interesting letter-head design, showing an unusual treatment of a monogram. By W. E. Stevens, Inland Printer Tech¬ nical School. Fig. 6. Lettered design for letter-head, by C. S. Roray, a student of the I. T. U. Course in Printing. Bill-head arranged by A. G. Hallett. Fig. 7. Showing a solution of one of the problems in the I. T. U. Course in Printing. Designed and lettered by Wm. Schroeder. THE INLAND PRINTER 393 mony between type and border would have resulted from the use of a text letter. Fig. 7 shows a label design of still another character, introducing a suitable treatment where a stock cut or in other lines. The breaking up of a rectangle into spaces for a package label should be governed by the same prin¬ ciples that govern the breaking up of spaces in the design¬ ing of a desk, sideboard, bookcase or any other piece of Fig. 6. — The rich, decorative border would lend itself better to a use with text letters. Robinson, ‘Brownell & Company Dealers in Stationery and Artists 9 Material A COMPLETE LINE OF THE HIGHEST GRADES PAINTS, BOTH IN OILS Jr O T AND IN WATER-COLORS Fig. 7. — A label design showing a different breaking-up of spaces. monogram is to be used. In this instance, it will be noted, the chief feature of design is the breaking up of the space into smaller spaces which harmonize with each other in size. In our work as printers we must realize that we are confronted by the same problems that confront craftsmen furniture. What constitutes proportion in one case is pro¬ portion in the other. The stock used for the label should be given careful attention. If we go out of our way to produce a unique and original design, why not do the same as regards the 394 THE INLAND PRINTER paper on which it is printed? Above all things, the coated stock which forms the basis of much of our printing of to-day should not be used. Artistic effects in color and let¬ ters are almost impossible on the stock which has a glossy surface. Rough, unfinished stocks are more conducive to the pleasing effects desired in this class of work. Personally, we believe in the printer using on his own work the very best printing of which he is capable. Noth¬ ing that he sends out as his own advertising or commercial work should be inferior. He may possibly excuse a poor job for a customer on the ground that the customer would not pay for high-class stock, typography, etc., but his own work should not stand in need of such a defense. And yet how often do we see printers whose worst work is that which they do for themselves. Instead of setting the good example of using high-class printing, they preach high- class work for others but do not apply it in their own case. Insisting that “ we do fine printing ” on a sloppy, cheap label does not present much of an argument, but a fine label, well arranged, on good stock, with attractive colors, does not heed the assertion that the printer it represents does fine printing. The job speaks for itself. SOCIALISM FOE OF UNIONISM. There can be no doubt that the doctrine of Socialism, as expounded by its extreme apostles, is one of trade-union¬ ism’s deadliest foes. It is Communism pure and simple, and impossible. The Socialist appeals to the State mother to take him in hand, educate and feed his children, find him in house, clothes and footwear, and acknowledges by his demands his sheer inability to fulfil the functions and duties of an independent citizen, and absolutely proclaims himself one of life’s failures — a helpless mortal unfit to exist save as a child of the State. Applied strictly to him¬ self this might be considered his proper position. But he is not satisfied that this State mothership should be extended to him alone. He demands that all classes shall be similarly dry-nursed, and would drag down the man of independent spirit to his own level, and deny him the exer¬ cise of his free will and judgment. The trade-unionist, on the contrary, desires to be allowed to work out his own salvation, and demands social reforms — not the ’ism — which will enable him to retain his manhood and climb life’s ladder by sheer force of his own ability. This he has struggled for since the promulga¬ tion of the charter, and has won most of his points. He resents the idea of being mothered and spoon-fed by those he elects to look after national and local affairs. He demands freedom of action and facilities to enter into com petition with other classes of the community that go to form the life of a great nation. He has learned from the past that, though a mighty and indispensable power in the land, he is not “ everybody,” and that without the equally necessary minor wheels, springs and lubricating oils, the clock could not possibly keep time to the rising and setting of the sun. He is the best of citizens. He provides for the poor of his own craft by subscribing funds for the relief of his unemployed fellow workmen; through sick and slate clubs he helps his afflicted brothers to tide over their mis¬ fortunes, and, in some instances, actually provides medical attendance and convalescent homes, where they may pick up their strength before returning to work. All this he does cheerfully “ off his own bat,” and has no wish to be deprived of the privilege. He has, however, to contend with two big enemies now — the greedy sweater on the one hand and the poor failure on the other, who, unfortunately, has crept into his ranks, and is doing his best to reduce him to the same condition of impotency as himself, besides having to deal with the indiscretions of “ advanced enthusi¬ asts ” in his own ranks, who view any action which does not synchronize with their own ideas in the light of an attack on their rights and privileges. — London Correspondent, Scottish Typographical Journal. THE MILD POWER WINS. By the boss we mean the active proprietor, the execu¬ tive head, the owner of the business. He is sometimes called the “ old man.” The success of an institution depends largely upon the example of the boss. If the boss is careless in little things, if he is sharp in his practice, if he does mean acts, he may rely upon it his employees will copy him, and, later on, when some blow strikes the business, he will find it has happened through the practices of the employees who got their cues from the boss. Kindness wins kindness; love wins love. If the boss is generous and charitable, if he sets a good example, he will have an esprit de corps among his employees that is of incalculable value. There is not one chance in a thousand for the boss to make a success unless he has risen to the position of boss, and climbed and earned his position through steady progress. The boss must know how to do the things he hires others to do. The boss who can show his employee his error in a kindly manner and point out a better method, leaves a good feeling in the heart of that employee. The boss who shows his heart to the employee and is concerned in the things not necessarily business will be repaid a thousand-fold in loyalty and willingness on the part of the employee. Employees deeply appreciate consideration, and espe¬ cially the little kindnesses which are not what might be called business practice. The boss should not be too far aloof; he should be just head and shoulders above those working under him; he should be just far enough above that he stands out as a commander. He should be willing to grant an audience to an employee and work with him. The boss should say we rather than I. He should talk with the employees and not down to them. He should make each individual under him feel that he is part of the institution and an element in its success. Remember this — employees watch the boss and they copy him. Where you find hard-working employees you will find a hard-working boss. The boss can not run the whole business himself; he is dependent upon willing hands; he must have willing hands himself. If the boss is alert and discovers waste and leaks in his business, the employees will discover them, too, and the business will receive double benefit. — Dollars and Sense. WHAT THE WORLD OWES US. The world owes no man any more than he willingly tries to put into it. The man who seeks to get more out of life than he is pleased to put in will fail dismally. Success may seem to smile upon the shirker at times, but on the day of final reckoning he will come out short in his accounts. Better think about it. — Reflector. THE INLAND PRINTER 395 MCHMDMOSIIION BY JOHN S. THOMPSON. The experiences of composing-machine operators, machinists and users are solicited with the object of the widest possible dissemination of knowledge concerning the best methods of getting results. Dull Finish.for Linotype Slugs. — A Springfield (Ill.) operator writes : “ Would you kindly tell me what prepa¬ ration, if any, can be used on newly set Linotype matter to lessen the effect on the eyes that continuous work will some¬ times bring? I am informed that there is such a prepara¬ tion and would like to try it.” Answer. — The most com¬ monly used method to prevent the glare from newly cast Linotype slugs is to brush the surface with a brush which has been used for washing inked forms. This dulls the sur¬ face and prevents reflections. Clutch. — An Iowa operator writes: “As I am afraid that our machine is going to give us some trouble in the near future, I thought I would write you and have you help me out of the difficulty which I am sure we will have soon. The cams, when they come to a stop, tremble; the clutch leathers seem to be all right. What is the cause of this? Is the spring in the clutch weak? Please answer as soon as possible.” Answer. — To prevent the cams vibra¬ ting as the machine comes to a stop, you should clean the clutch pulley and shoes with benzine, and this should be done frequently. You should not in any case use rosin or any other substance on the clutch. You should also remove the clutch occasionally and clean the shaft and oil it. This treatment will remedy the trouble, unless you have been making some change in the clutch adjustment by building up the shoes. Clutch Slipping. — An Illinois operator writes : “ I have been having a little trouble with my machine. The lower ears of the matrices seem to wear some. The only thing I found was that the clutch slipped, not letting the elevator down soon enough and just touching the right end of the line in locking up. The shoes on the clutch are brass and it seems to me they can’t help slipping. Used gasoline and scrubbed it out. It seems to work good now, although the lock-up is close. Aside from the clutch slipping, could there be anything else that could have slipped or caused the ele¬ vator to slow up? Understand that dirt and not oiling will cause trouble, but so far as I can see everything seems to be O. K.” Answer. — The cause of elevator slowing up as it descends may be any of the following: (1) Knife-wiper. (2) Mold-disk may not turn freely. (3) Mold-disk brake may be too tight. (4) The clutch-spring may be weak. Try out all of the foregoing in the order named. Gas Under Metal-pot. — C. W. G., Seymour, Indiana, writes : “ Is it good policy, and can it be done, to turn out the gas under the Linotype of an evening? If so, in what condition should the metal in the pot be left? What we mean, should all the metal be run out, or would it hurt if some were left in, or if the pot were left full? Some people claim that if you turn off the gas with the pot full of metal, the crucible is liable to burst. That is the point that we are trying to find out. We have been letting our gas burn, but, as that is rather expensive, we should like to have information in regard to the same.” Answer. — It is the usual practice to turn out the gas under the metal-pot without other, preliminaries. Pots have been known to crack from the rapid expansion of the metal within, but it would usually be due to a flaw. As it takes from one and one-half to two hours to heat up a pot of metal, the gas must be lighted beneath it that much before time to work. Restoring Dropped Keyrods. — G. H., Grand Rapids, Wisconsin, asks : “ Will you please give the best and easiest way of hooking the keyrods or reeds back on the verges where they have fallen down and locking-bar in keyboard is not in? I have seen different ways of doing this, but they were all troublesome, and I want to get hold of the right way.” Answer. — The following is the pro¬ cedure for returning the verges and keyrods to normal after they have been disconnected: (1) Push in keyboard lock (do this carefully) and should an obstruction prevent its free return, turn both keyboard rollers by hand until the cams, which may interfere, are restored to normal. (2) Unlatch glass and lower flexible front. Raise maga¬ zine three or four inches and block it up. (3) With a slug or rule press down about six or eight verges at a time and with the left hand insert the verge-locking wire; continue this operation until all of the verges are locked. Now lower magazine into normal position and connect the key- rods. If the machine is Model No. 3, only the first step of this procedure applies. In returning verges to place on Model 3, turn the verge-locking cam over. This operation obviates the necessity of raising the magazine. The work as outlined does not take more than five minutes to have the parts in working order. No doubt you have seen hours consumed in performing the same work. Spacebands Breaking. — A Nebraska operator writes: “ I am having trouble here of a rather serious nature and am writing you in the hope that you may be able to help me out in the matter. Enclosed you will find a spaceband and you will see what the results of my difficulties are. The particular machine on which these bands are being broken is a new No. 5 model, and has been in use about one year. I am told it has run finely at all times. I have been here since last fall and the machine was in excellent condi¬ tion. The last few days the bands have begun to give way at a tremendous rate, some ten or twelve having been put out of commission already. The band will begin to crack from the inside and this break will continue moving until it has crossed the entire strip of metal and broken entirely off. Nothing has been changed on the machine and every¬ thing apparently works freely. I, myself, am of the opin¬ ion that the fault lies with the lock-up. If you can help me out on this, I would greatly appreciate it.” Answer. — The breaking of spacebands as described by you in your letter may be caused by any of the screws in the mold-keeper standing out. Place a straight-edge over the face of the mold and move it over the surface and see if anything obstructs. See if the line transfers freely by hand; try a number of lines ; there may be some difficulty at that point. Also note whether spacebands are left in the channel at any point from the second elevator to the box. Here also damage may be done. Gasoline Burner. — A Decorah (Iowa) operator writes : “ Just a few lines to tell you my troubles with poor slugs: The machine works fine and dandy, but it will cast only about four good slugs in succession and then a cold face starts and finally the mouthpiece becomes plugged. There 396 THE INLAND PRINTER is no gas in town and all the plants use gasoline. We have a burner that is a new creation on the market, and I will enclose a cut of it. All the other machines in town have the old-style burners, and do not seem to have any bother whatever in getting good slugs. We had the burner off twice since I came and cleaned it, etc., and some of the men from the other shops helped me, but they could not rem¬ edy it any. The two short pipes seem to be of no service. They have three air-holes where marked, and the top is where the flame is supposed to be. However, the gas, or air, is so strong that the flame will not stay lighted unless there is a very weak flow of gas, which, of course, is too weak to heat the metal at all. The long pipe extends up under the mouthpiece and is covered up in such a manner when in place that we can not tell whether it is lighted not. When we had the burner off, we connected it to the gasoline pipe, but the long pipe would not light without applying a match. The lock¬ up is 0. K. and the mouth¬ piece aligns perfectly.” An¬ swer. — The trouble may be remedied by first having the burner placed in such a posi¬ tion that the front end will not interfere - under the throat, and by having it and the passageway free from soot. The next thing is to set the valve b so that the flame will burn steadily without back firing. The supply tank must be kept well supplied with gasoline. In order that you have reasonably good slugs, the pot must be kept uniformly well filled with metal, since you have no auto¬ matic governor to control the heat supply. We would say that the metal is much too hot, judging from the appear¬ ance of the slugs. Keep the plunger clean and keep the metal well up in the pot. A temperature of 550 degrees is about right. Monotype Justification Method. — H. R., Montreal, Canada, asks : “ For the benefit of myself and a few other Linotype operators interested in tabular composition, would you be so kind as to explain the method by which justification is obtained on the Monotype, that is, justifica¬ tion of intricate tabular work? ” Answer. — The Monotype justification is based on the unit system — making every character a definite number of units in width. The key¬ board perforating mechanism contains a computing device which adds' up the units as each letter is struck, and shows how many units the line is short. It also shows how many times the space-key was struck, and, by division, calculates the exact number of units which must be added between each word to completely justify the line. This is shown on a drum before the operator and a pointer tells him which justification keys to strike at the end of the line. There are fifteen pairs of justification keys, and one pair of them must be struck at the end of each line, and then the line key. In the casting machine, the line is cast backward — the last letter first. The last holes perforated being the justification holes for the line, these control a wedge which dimensions the mold every time a space is cast for that line. Another wedge controls the mold when character type are being cast. The result is a completely justified line is cast and delivered to the galley. Life of Mergenthaler. — A Texas operator writes: “ Can you inform me as to whether or not there is any¬ thing published which treats of the life of Mr. Mergen¬ thaler? I hear so ‘ doggone ’ much ‘ rot ’ along this line that I am anxious to inform myself. Did Mr. Mergen¬ thaler go crazy while working out his invention? Was he ever in this section for his health, etc.? It is to answer questions like these that I am anxious to get a book of his life or something that treats of it. Am an operator, hav¬ ing taken course at your school, but am certainly de¬ ficient in knowledge on this subject.” Answer. — Ottmar Mergenthaler published an autobiography in 1898, but this is now out of print. “ The Mechanism of the Linotype ” contains a short sketch of his life, which is authentic. Many have claimed to have suggested the idea of a composing- machine to Mr. Mergen¬ thaler. In his book he says it was Mr. Charles Moore, of West Virginia, who first ap¬ proached him. Mr. Moore later was connected with the Planograph machine, re¬ cently exploited in New York city. It is interesting to note that the principle suggested to Mr. Mergenthaler in 1876 is still the underlying prin¬ ciple in the Planograph ma¬ chine of 1908. Mr. Mergen¬ thaler gives credit to Mr. J. 0. Clephane, a short-hand reporter in Washington, as the inventor of the system which Mr. Moore attempted to reduce to practice. Mr. Mergenthaler attempted to build machines on this principle, but abandoned it and indepen¬ dently invented the Linotype. Regarding his later life, he died of tuberculosis and did not go crazy. A year or two prior to his death was spent in the Southwest taking the open-air treatment, but he was not greatly benefited and died in Baltimore shortly after his return. The manufac¬ turing of the Linotype was taken away from him in 1888, and thereafter he only did such work for the Mergen¬ thaler Company as they contracted for. He continued to make improvements on the Linotype up to the time of his death, but at that time was working on a basket-making machine which, however, was never completed. The Mergenthaler patents have practically all expired, so what¬ ever royalty his heirs received has ceased now. Destruction of Matrix Combinations. — The Mer¬ genthaler Linotype Company has issued the following instructions covering this point : “ The matrix combination, a very important part of the matrix, is sufficient under ordinary conditions to last for years. It is possible, how- THE INLAND PRINTER 397 ever, to ruin a set of matrices in a very short time by cut¬ ting or wearing out the combinations. The cause of the combinations becoming injured is invariably due to bad alignment at one or possibly all of the various transfers. There are three of these transfers; that is to say, the matrices are transferred at three distinct points where the combinations are involved. The first transfer is from the first elevator jaw, E-391, onto the second-elevator bar, G-137, at intermediate channels D-1086 and D-461. A matrix when in position in the first-elevator jaw at this transfer point should line up with the bar G-137, so you will have a perfect transfer onto the bar without binding. There is a set-screw, BB-175, at the bottom of the first- elevator slide on the right-hand side for raising or lower¬ ing the slide. The alignment should be made as near per¬ fect as possible, and if the second-elevator head, G-211, for any reason does not seat properly on the intermediate- channel rails (D-1086 and D-461) or if these rails are out of true the trouble should be remedied so the second- elevator head will seat properly for transfer. The second- elevator bar should be perfectly smooth and free from burrs. This same rule applies to the distributor-box bar, G-212, and the distributor bar, G-204. The second transfer is from the second-elevator bar, G-137 to the distributor- box bar, G-212. The second elevator, G-211, when in its normal position, should be so adjusted that the second- elevator bar, G-137, will line up with the distributor box, G-212. Any condition or obstruction preventing these bars from aligning properly should be removed. The third transfer is from the distributor-box rails to the combina¬ tion bar, G-204. The distributor-box rails should be per¬ fectly square with one another. Place a matrix on the distributor-box rails and raise up the outside distributor screw; turn the distributor slowly by hand and see that the matrix when supported on the distributor-box rails will transfer freely onto the combinations of bar G-204. If this bar is too high, lower it and if too low, raise it — you must have perfect alignment at all of these points, other¬ wise undue wear on the matrix combinations will result. Use a pi matrix with good full combinations for making these tests.” Spacebands. — A Michigan operator writes : “ I am having trouble with my spacebands, and thought perhaps you might be able to help me out. They work all right for a while; then I will discover I am not getting any. The ears are released all right, but the bands do not get lifted over the tongue in the bottom of the box. The rubber roll and the cam are all right and the keyrod works freely. The screw in the pawl-lever is set down as far as possible and the pawls seem to be clean, but the trouble still remains. I have had the bands out and cleaned in gasoline recently, so they are not dirty.” Answer. — You say that the trouble does not occur regularly, but at intervals, also that the roll, cam and keyrod appear to be normal. Pos¬ sibly the trouble is due to a lack of spacebands in the box. This condition will give the trouble you describe. The trouble may also be caused by having several spacebands which are longer than others in the box. These bands, on account of their length, do not clear at the lower end. A way to discover the cause of the trouble is to place all the bands (thirty) in the box. Hold a light just above the pawls, so that their action on the spaceband can be seen. Touch the key lever and note the delivery of each band. If one fails, remove it, and examine the under side of its ears, to determine whether or not they are rounded or worn. Mark the band or bands which give trouble, and repeat the operation. This method will determine whether the trouble is with individual bands or with the working parts. The pawls should rise to full height each time. When parts are normal, press upward on the pawl-lever to see if it is at full height. If not, it may become necessary to increase the tension or renew the keyrod spring. Do not, however, place two springs on this or any other keyrod. In measur¬ ing spacebands, the distance from the under side of the upper ears to the lower end of the wedge should be uni¬ formly the same. The lower end should always clear before the ears. Double-magazine English Linotype. — Readers of this department will be interested in the illustration shown herewith of the distribution mechanism of the double¬ magazine Linotype as made by the English company. As will be seen, there are but four distributor screws for the two distributor bars, which lie side by side. The extra magazine lies above the normal one. Matrices intended for the extra magazine have a notch in their base similar to those of the American double-decker. This permits matrices so notched to straddle a bridge in the distributor box, permitting them to drop low enough to escape engage¬ ment with the first distributor bar, and then drop into the chute seen in the illustration. A belt traveling over the large pulley carries them around and drops them into a second-distributor box, which separates them and passes them along for distribution into the upper magazine. The cover of the hollow-rim pulley is removed in the illustra¬ tion to disclose the mechanism. As in the American machine, matrices not notched are supported by the bridge in the first-distributor box and so pass into the first dis¬ tributor. RECENT patents on composing machinery. Impression Machine. — F. H. Richards, Hartford, Con¬ necticut, assignor to American Typographic Corporation, New Jersey. Filed October 27, 1902. Issued February 9, 1909. No. 911,681. Typecasting Machine. — John S. Thompson, Chicago, Illinois, assignor to Thompson Type Machine Company, Chicago, Illinois. Filed May 18, 1904. Issued April 13, 1909. No. 917,975. Linotype Assembler-chute Spring. — H. Drewell, Char- lottenburg, Germany, assignor to Schnellsetzmaschinen- Gesellschaft M.B.H., Berlin, Germany. Filed June 2, 1908. Issued April 20, 1909. No. 918,515. Monoline Machine. — H. Degener, Berlin, Germany, assignor to Patent Industrie-Gesellschaft M.B.H., Berlin, 398 THE INLAND PRINTER Germany. Filed November 9, 1906. Issued April 20, 1909. No. 918,739. Assembler Finger. — D. S. Kennedy, Brooklyn, New York, assignor to Mergen thaler Linotype Company, New York. Filed March 24, 1908. Issued April 20, 1909. No. 919,024. Impression Type-making Machines. — F. H. Richards, Hartford, Connecticut, assignor to American Typographic Corporation, New Jersey. Filed December 16, 1899, to March 10, 1909. Issued April 20, 1909. Nos. 919,215 to 919,243. Typesetting Machine. — H. Weiniger, London, England, assignor to Progress Typewriter Supply Company, Lim¬ ited, London, England. Filed October 8, 1908. Issued April 27, 1909. No. 919,408. Double-magazine Linotype. — C. Albrecht, Charlotten- burg, Germany. Filed June 14, 1907. Issued April 27, 1909. No. 919,805. Typecaster and Setter. — F. M. M. Retaux, Abbeville, France. Filed January 27, 1902. Issued April 27, 1909. No. 919,951. Magazine Lift. — J. R. Rogers, Brooklyn, New York, assignor to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, New York. Filed February 15, 1908. Issued April 27, 1909. No. 919,957. Line-casting Machine. — B. Cade, Shelby, North Caro¬ lina. Filed August 10, 1908. Issued April 27, 1909. No. 920,021. Composing Machine. — A. Savarese, Paris, France. Filed January 23, 1907. Issued April 27, 1909. No. 920,086. Typecasting Machine. — I. Schonberg, New York city. Filed January 7, 1909. Issued May 4, 1909. No. 920,195. Monoline Assembling Mechanism.- — J. McNamara, Montreal, Canada, assignor to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, New York city. Filed January 11, 1909. Issued May 4, 1909. No. 920,617. LALANG AS PAPER MATERIAL. Some months ago a sample of the lalang grass of Malaysia was sent from Singapore to the Aynsome Tech¬ nical Laboratories, London, for examination as to its com¬ mercial value as a source of pulp for papermaking. Con¬ sul-General Thornwell Haynes writes, in Consular Reports, that the sample was a pale buff color, lustrous in appear¬ ance, and of fair strength, of the order Gramineae. The chemical examination furnished the following results, the percentages other than that of moisture being expressed on the dry material : Moisture . 13.21 Ash . 4.14 Loss on L. hydrolysis . 10.76 Loss on B. hydrolysis . 46.65 Loss on mercerization . 31.62 Loss on acid purification . .95 Gain on nitration . 21.19 Cellulose . 47.41 Length o{ ultimate fiber, m.m . 1.20 The ultimate fiber obtained from this grass is very sim¬ ilar in most respects to esparto, the yield of bleached fiber being about the same. This, it is said, is a favorable indi¬ cation, inasmuch as esparto is one of the best known and most useful sources of supply to the trade. The fibers as seen under the microscope are short, smooth, cylindrical, fairly uniform in diameter, gradually tapering to rounded extremities, and sometimes occurring together in little bun¬ dles. The pulp contains a number of small cuticular cells, which do not, however, show in the finished paper. The fibers are stained a pale yellow with iodine solution, which fades more rapidly than is usual with colored pulps. INDICATIONS OF GOOD CELLULOSE. The results obtained from the chemical analysis show that the grass is capable of yielding a good quality of cellu¬ lose, suitable in every way for the manufacture of paper. Although the grass is very susceptible to the action of dilute alkalis, the final product is exceptionally pure and readily resolved. From observations noted during this preliminary examination the following scheme was adopted for the production of the pulp on a larger scale : The available grass in its natural condition weighing four hundred grams (14.1 ounces) was in a clean state, and required little treatment beyond cutting into small pieces for boiling. It is usually necessary on a large scale to pass the material through some type of cleaner to remove dirt and extraneous matter. The grass was then thor¬ oughly wetted and soaked until it became soft and pliable. It was placed in a boiler of the spherical type, covered with water, and digested with caustic soda corresponding to fifteen per cent of the grass treated for a period of ten hours under pressure, which was kept constant at four atmospheres, an even temperature of about 135° C. being maintained. The pulp obtained after washing was of good uniform quality and color. The yield agreed very closely and was only slightly higher than the preliminary chemical analysis showed, which indicates complete reaction in the digester. The pulp was carefully beaten for about an hour and at the same time bleached, chlorid of lime being used for the purpose, ten parts of dry powder being used per one hun¬ dred parts of pulp. The stuff was taken from the beater and well washed, and subsequently a small quantity of loading was gradu¬ ally added and the whole again beaten for half an hour. At this stage of the operation the rosin size was introduced and the decomposition of the soda resinate completed with the calculated quantity of alum. The amount of size used corresponded to four per cent on the dry pulp present, the total time occupied in preparation of the pulp for running on the machine being two hours. No great difficulty was experienced in running the pulp. It retained, however, a considerable amount of water after passing the suction boxes, and in consequence it was found necessary to keep the press roll down hard. On a large machine this precaution would not be necessary, as more suction boxes are available and complete control is assured. The paper was passed over nine cylinders at a pres¬ sure of about eight pounds to the square inch, then through one calender, and finally reeled off. In a similar manner a second sample was prepared, using a mixture of half pulp and half cotton beaten together. The paper obtained from this blend could prove very useful as a high-class wrapping- paper, it being stronger and possessing a comparatively high resistance to folding. The paper made from all-grass pulp would with judicious treatment for improvement of color be very suitable for printing purposes. The addition of cotton to the pure lalang fiber has the effect of improv¬ ing its resistance to crumbling, and also in a lesser degree its tensile strength. SYSTEM. “ I’m afraid I can’t write that article on ‘ System.’ ” “ Why not? ” “ I can’t find my notes.” — Louisville Courier- Journal. THE INLAND PRINTER 399 ©STAND METHOD TROUBLES OF LINOTYPING FOR THE TRADE. BY C. S. PETERSON. [From a noonday address before the Ben Franklin Club of Chicago. The author is the president and general manager of the Peterson Linotype Company.] We are usually grateful when we can get one person to listen to our tale of woe, and, as Mr. Ellick has thought¬ fully provided me with a roomful, I am certainly not going to let the opportunity slip by. If some one will kindly lock the door, so I can be sure of an audience for three or four hours, I will tell you some of our troubles. If at some future time you have a couple of days to spare I will tell you some more of them. Now, most of our difficulties are caused by three things: Short runs, low prices, and metal losses. The first one of these is the one I am going to deal with more especially to-day. It is an enormous — and to a great extent, an utterly needless — loss. As for the second count — -low prices — we are all fellow-sufferers, and no branch of the printing trade has escaped the effects of the late panic. However, I believe business will improve within a year, and as some of us will probably have starved to death in the meantime, the survivors may stand a chance of picking up a living. The third point — metal losses — while serious, is gradually adjusting itself. Beginning, then, with the matter of short runs, there is one fact I would like to impress on you, and that is that a Linotype is not a case of type; it is a cylinder press. The cost an hour is within 10 cents of the same amount; a make-ready on the one is almost as costly as on the other. While no one would dream of asking the pressman to run a job of ten thousand impressions at the rate of one hundred or two hundred copies at a time, many printers and publish¬ ers think nothing of sending $15 or $20 worth of Linotype composition in anywhere from three to thirty instalments. In my office we had one monthly publication (now happily deceased) that in $40 worth of typesetting managed to get in five different faces, three styles of leading and four measures, and, by sending copy and authors’ proofs in small instalments, succeeded in making a record of ninety- two actual machine changes on one issue. A change on the Linotype can be made, according to the Mergenthaler people, in four minutes. This is probably true, providing you have a machinist and attendant standing at attention, and both of them trying to make a record. But those ideal conditions seldom obtain with us, at least, I am sorry to say; and we find the actual time of a change, from the time the operator stops until he gets going on the new job, to be about fifteen minutes. It takes, of course, the same amount of time to get back to what he was doing, so that every time a change is necessary there is at least a half hour to be accounted for. On top of that, as you all know, when you have stopped an operator three or four times in a day’s work he becomes discouraged, even if he is a good man, and has about concluded it is no use trying to get up a string that day anyhow, with the result that a day’s work that would net you somewhere around thirty-five thousand ems, if the machine were on a straight run, actually gives you, after three or four changes, about twenty thousand ems. Not only that, but it makes it necessary to keep more machinists, and it is injurious to the machines. It has been our experience that three-fourths of these changes are totally unnecessary, and are called for because most people do not realize the cost and trouble involved. Only last week one of our customers called up at my house at eight in the evening and announced his intention of leav¬ ing us, because he had a galley of agate — about eight thousand ems, or a trifle over an hour’s work — to be set, and our foreman would not give him two machines. As a matter of fact, the work would have been finished before the second machine could have got started on the job. To sum up: Avoid make-readies on the Linotype just as you would in your pressroom. Use as few different faces, styles of leading and' measures as you can, and send in your copy in as large instalments as possible. If you do that, C. S. PETERSON. the Linotype man will rise up and call you blessed. Also — and this may appeal more strongly to you — he will give you better service for less money. As to the price charged for Linotype composition, it is entirely too low. There is probably not one strictly machine house in Chicago that could exist if it only worked one shift, and that is something I believe can not be said of any other trade in the city. Even the much-abused com¬ posing-room is expected to earn its living in eight hours, and night-and-day pressrooms are exceptional enough to be advertised in big type; but the Linotype man has to run sixteen and, in most cases, twenty-four hours to make a living. This trouble dates back to the beginning of the trade in this city. The pioneers were not practical men, and imagined operators’ wages about the only expense con¬ nected with the business. As a matter of fact, on our pay¬ roll, the wages paid operators are only fifty-two per cent 400 THE INLAND PRINTER of the total, not counting the composing-room. In other words, the wages of proofreaders, machinists, bank-men, foremen, solicitors, errand boys, office help, etc., amount to practically as much as is paid the operators. And the wages of all these men have been increased over thirty per cent in the last ten years, while the price of Linotype com¬ position is actually a little less now than it was ten years ago. Our cost of production is a trifle below 29 cents per thousand ems, without allowing for depreciation. Allow¬ ing six per cent on the investment for depreciation — and I think any one will admit that this is not excessive — our cost is a little less than 32 cents a thousand. As our aver¬ age selling price is 34 cents, it will readily be seen that one bad debt or a couple of slack days are sufficient to wipe out a month’s margin. The amount of care it takes to produce good Lino- _ type slugs will probably surprise most people. If the metal gets the least bit chilled, the face is blurred; if a little overheated, the bottom is hollow. Each time the machine is changed the slug must be tried with a micrometer on top, bot¬ tom and both ends, lest the knives have slipped and make it too thin at the bot¬ tom, in which case it will work off its feet on the press; or too thick at either end, when it will slant; or too high at one end, when that end will show up black. In each instance, a varia¬ tion of one-thousandth of an inch is sufficient to cause trouble. Then, the air- vents must be seen to, else the air will not escape from the mold and will leave bub¬ bles in the metal, which, when they come too near the face, cause caved-in let¬ ters. The matrices must also be examined for hair¬ lines, caused by metal get¬ ting on the spacebands and crushing in the walls of the matrices. The next time that matrix is used, metal is forced in the hollow where the wall was crushed in, and the imprint of this metal causes the hair-line or burr. Next, the matrices must be examined with a microscope to pick out dropped letters, caused by operators sending in lines too tight. The letters being unable to drop freely into place, the sharp edge of the mold cuts off the shoulder on any that may be sticking up. When that matrix is used again there is no shoulder to hold it in place, and it drops below its fellows, forming a low letter. Then, too, high matrices are sometimes received from the factory, which must be picked out, or some letters will be a cardboard more than type-high. Also, the metal itself must be care¬ fully watched. Only the best mixture can be used. We pay $20 a ton above what might be termed the market price in order to be absolutely sure of good metal, and we are constantly testing and tempering it. And this brings me to the third item, namely: metal losses. This is a hard problem, for several reasons. For one thing, it is almost impossible for either party to check up a metal account until it is closed. All of us send our customers metal statements, made out on blanks, in the drawing up of which we have spent much time and study; but it does little good, because they can not be checked up. Mr. Jones receives a statement showing that he owes the Peterson Linotype Company four thousand pounds of metal, let us say. He sends it out to his foreman, who takes a walk around the composing-room, sees half a dozen differ¬ ent jobs standing that he believes were set at Peter¬ son’s, and says: “Well, that is probably about right.” Two or three years after, for some reason, the account is closed, and there is a discrepancy of one thousand pounds. The foreman, called upon, says: “We haven’t a line of your metal in the house,” and a walk through the compo¬ sing-room seems to bear him out. Now, where has it gone to? The account from first to last involves hundreds, perhaps thou¬ sands of entries, with the metal of several jobs mixed and sent back at one time, as convenience might dic¬ tate. The one fact remains : The metal is missing. Now, there are several possible explanations of this fact. One of them is that you can go into almost any printing- office, and, going through the hell box, find about half of the contents to be Lino¬ type slugs. The average make-up man takes the operator’s slug off the gal¬ ley. What is he to do with it? The tray it was taken from is clear across the office; the hell box, ancient and beloved repository of anything discarded, is temptingly close. The slug goes in the hell box. This drain may be small, but continued daily for years it makes up an astonishing total. Then, too, there is considerable actual dishonesty. This is best proven by the fact that you can buy old Linotype slugs from peddlers any time for from 5 cents a pound up. As the peddler has to have something out of it, he probably has not paid over 4 cents for it. All of us Linotype men sell our metal at not less than 7 and in some instances 8 to 9 cents a pound, and all of us take back at cost anything we have sold. It seems, then, a reasonable supposition that if a man sells metal for 5 cents that he could receive 7 for, it is fairly good proof that he did not obtain it honestly. Errand boys and minor employees frequently make a prac¬ tice of getting away with small amounts of Linotype, a handful at a time, which is temptingly easy, when whole trays of it lie around with the lines pied so that it is impos¬ sible to notice if a small amount has been taken. THE INLAND PRINTER 401 Then, too, the average printing-office is perfectly will¬ ing to tie up the Linotype man’s property for months — and, indeed, years — on the hope that at some time in the distant future the customer might send in a repeat order. It costs the printer nothing, and as for the Linotype man, he is probably a philanthropist anyhow. Now, for the first two conditions, namely, carelessness and petty stealing, there can not well be any other remedy than constant watchfulness. When it comes to deliberate holding up of the metal for months or years in the hope of a repeat order, however, it can not be considered fair deal¬ ing, and I believe that any metal held over thirty days should not only be paid for but some charges made besides when it is returned; since if we have, say, fifty tons of metal, an amount sufficient for our own needs, and some customer buys, say, twenty thousand pounds, it forces us to buy an equal amount. Then, if within a month or two he decides to kill it off, we are forced to buy it back and to tie up our money in material .we do not need and fre¬ quently have not even storage room for. Summing it all up, then, there are three things I would ask of you : Minimize the number of machine changes as far as possible; watch the metal we send you, returning it the same year — if you can; and, finally, pay us a living rate for our typesetting. POOR EQUIPMENT MAKES COSTS SOAR. There seems to be a common belief among master print¬ ers that the composing-room does not, and can not be made to, pay a profit. This question has been brought to my attention so often, through discussion and other sources, that I have given this department of the business much study to get at prevailing conditions. That many composing-rooms do not yield a profit is no doubt true. That the same composing-rooms under the same cost system should yield a profit is also true. If you, Mr. Printer, are in that class contending that “ the composing-room don’t pay,” I’ll tell you a little secret that will put you and that much-abused department on the winning side. Simply this: Look to your equipment, for therein lies the success or failure of this department and your business. From careful observation extending over twenty or more years, I have been thoroughly impressed with the utter lack of system not only countenanced, but encouraged, in the composing-room, and it is safe to say that this demoralizing “ system ” predominates in a majority of job offices to-day. And, by job offices I do not refer to the bed¬ room type, but, rather, offices of large pretensions, where a “ cost ” system is in force. I have seen compositors hunting for sorts, spending more actual time in searching for a missing letter than was consumed in setting the whole job. Then the chances are even that the letter was finally pulled from a live form, with all the consequent dangers and delay. And this hunt¬ ing game is not confined to the one job or the one man. Every man in the composing-room contributes his full time (your money) to this system, and through shame or fear of discharge, will cover up his tracks so nicely that the “ wise ones ” don’t get onto the game. There is a repetition of the same process in the make-up end, and even extending to the pressroom. The thing goes on day in and day out, the management all the while perplexed to know why com¬ position costs so much. The superintendent could tell why “ composition ” costs so much; so could the foreman; so could the compositor. Each, no doubt, has brought the deficiencies of the office to the attention of his superiors, but he has always met with the same rebuff — “ Can’t buy anything for the composing- room; we must get along with what we have.” And who pays for all this wasted time? Mr. Printer, to be sure. But, Mr. Printer says he has a cost system that accounts for every minute of a man’s time, and that time is sold to his customer at so much per hour. Then, of course, the customer is paying “ price and a half ” for his composition. But is he? Maybe, once; but he won’t be caught twice in the same trap, for the customer is a “ wise guy ” and knows a thing or two. Men who are responsible for the work will, for a time, put up a fight for a betterment of conditions in the composing-room; will appeal for an appropriation large enough to demonstrate the money-saving advantages of proper equipment; but they are seldom encouraged along this line. Most frequently their requests are promptly and enthusiastically squelched by those higher up, and finally these energetic men, who want to do things, give up the struggle and settle down in the rut and complacently “ do the best they can.” The feeling of disgust does not extend only to the super¬ intendent or foreman. The whole shop becomes saturated with the germ of indifference, and the result is a disjointed organization, for no man will strive to do his best in such an office. If half the attention were given the composing-room in the matter of material and labor-saving appliances that is given other departments, there would be fewer complaints about the cost of composition. The trouble is, most master printers have permitted themselves to be coddled into the belief that the composing-room is the “ sewer ” of the printing plant — a necessary evil, but an adjunct not worthy of consideration as a money-making proposition. As a matter of fact, the composing-room is the real productive point, and the successful printing establishment of to-day is the one where the equipment is in keeping with the present age. Type and material cost less than men’s time, and when that fact finally soaks into the cranium of the printer he will begin to see the light of day. — John W. Baker, in U. T. A. Bulletin. NEW YORK TYPOTHETAl’S MAY MEETING EDUCATIONAL. The regular monthly meeting of this Typothetae served as a housewarming for the new headquarters at 45 East Seventeenth street. It was held at 4:30 p.m. on Tuesday, May 11, and President Robert Schalkenbach gave the mem¬ bers the result of his recent investigation into insurance methods, which was informing and interesting. The legal department was drawn on for light and lead¬ ing and former Judge Alfred E. Ommen delivered an address on “ The Law of Contracts.” Secretary Smith says this department is proving its value to the member¬ ship, who are getting the habit of consulting it for advice ■ — which is given gratis — on legal problems. J. D. Kenyon, of the Sheldon school, delivered his address on “ The Sale of Printing.” Hereafter the educational element will be a feature of New York Typothetae meetings. NO EXCUSE FOR DISCOURTESY. There may be an excuse for dishonesty, but there is none for discourtesy. Dishonesty is usually the result of weakness, but discourtesy is just plain meanness. — Common Sense. 402 THE INLAND PRINTER PROCESS ENGIDMNG BT S. H. HORGAN. Queries regarding process engraving, and suggestions and experiences of engravers and printers are solicited for this de¬ partment. Our technical research laboratory is prepared to inves¬ tigate and report on matters submitted. For terms for this service address The Inland Printer Company, Colored Prints prom a Single Relief Block. — “Art¬ ist,” Chelsea, Massachusetts, wants to know why can not a printer with artistic color judgment print in various col¬ ored inks at a single impression from a relief block as well as from an intaglio one? Answer. — It has been done. A genius appeared once who could do it and showed exhibits of the work. He also had prints in different colors obtained from the same block simply by overlays, and the effects were splendid. An intaglio plate holds ink in the incised lines so that other colored inks can be rubbed into it. Vari¬ colored inks must be dabbed upon the surface of a relief block if it is intended to print them simultaneously. The effect is a smeary one where there is an attempt to blend the colors, so that printing in several colors from a relief block in a single impression is impracticable. There is a rage just now for prints from intaglio plates printed in that way. Offset Printing. — From “ Publisher,” London, comes this query: “I am greatly interested at the present time in anything to do with offset printing, and I should like to know whether it is true that American magazines are experimenting with it to replace letterpress printing? ” Answer. — This reminds the writer that the same rumor was current thirty-five years ago when he was on the New York Daily Graphic, which was printed lithographically. It was said then that the other illustrated publications would have to adopt the “ Graphic process,” but lithog¬ raphy is not considered now for illustrating purposes. The offset press has its special fields, which its exploiters have not completely discovered yet, and competition with letter- press printing is not one of them. For printing on rough¬ surfaced stock it is satisfactory, and it will replace lithog¬ raphy in much of that line of work. Why Line Engraving Has Deteriorated. — The art manager of a large publishing house in New York com¬ plains, in a private letter, of the wretched reproduction he is getting of line drawings at the present time, while refer¬ ence to the bound volumes of one of their magazines shows that they were getting perfect line engravings fifteen years ago. Answer. — Yes, and a reference to the books of this same firm will show that they were paying nearly twice the price for line etching that they do to-day. The fault is entirely with the art manager and his publisher. They “ save at the spigot,” which is the line engraving, “ and lose at the bung,” in the make-ready, paper, presswork and the everlasting wretched appearance of the result. A zinc- block should be an absolute facsimile of a pen-drawing. This requires faultless work at each step in the process. When there is no profit in this kind of engraving the engra¬ ver uses the first negative made and etches the plate with a number of others, regardless of whether the lines are their proper thickness or not. The proof looks passable, and the actual quality of the plate is not discovered until the edition is being printed. There are as fine line engra¬ vings made as ever, and they are to be found in many of the current magazines. If this art manager inquires, he can find where they are made and he will also learn their cost, which is never what the best line engraving is worth. Colored Photogravures and Photogravures in Color. — James R. Mason, Boston, writes: “ I want to thank you for defining in the January number of your most valuable magazine the difference in photogravures when they are in color. I still have one or two in my collection which I am unable to determine whether they were the genuine, printed in colored inks, or whether they were printed first and col¬ ored with water-color afterward. It may be they are a mix¬ ture of both methods.” Answer. — The best way to tell a hand-colored engraving or photogravure from one printed with colored inks is through the aid of a powerful magnify¬ ing glass. If they are printed in colored inks the paper between the lines of the engraving, or the grain of the pho¬ togravure, will appear its natural color, while if it is hand- colored the paper will be stained with the color. You may also, with the magnifying glass, trace the brush-mark where each color ends. Dragon’s-blood. — One of the best advertised stories of the season has for its title “ Dragon’s-blood,” which is an entirely different story from the almost indispensable resin which the photoengraver uses. It has always been wondered at by the writer why some dealer in this substance did not purify it first before offering it for sale, and in that way get a reputation for a reliable article. It is well known by etchers that powdered dragon’s-blood contains much of the bark of the tree from which the resin is taken. This bark, with other impurities, is ground up with the resin and impairs its acid-resisting properties. This can be proven by stirring some of the powder into plain water, when the wood particles will float and the resin fall to the bottom. An enterprising engraver’s supply house has put on the market a refined dragon’s-blood. It is a lighter tint than was expected in the pure resin; still, the Star Engraver’s Supply Company, who manufacture it, claim that it is 99.9 per cent pure. They deserve notice here for their enter¬ prise. To Separate Black in Color-record Negatives. — “ Managing Director,” Melbourne, Australia, asks many questions which were not of general interest and were replied to by mail. This query, however, is a new one: “ I have some posters to reproduce in which the artist gets his strong effects by using black outlines. I should like to print these in black, using four workings, but how am I to separate the red from the black in the negatives? I am now reproducing this artist’s work in three colors, depend¬ ing on the three inks registering on top of each other to make black. But to register them is the rub? What method do they adopt in the States? ” Answer. — Let us illustrate this problem by photographing the Belgium flag, which consists of three vertical stripes of black, yellow and red. We can get a record of the black by using a pan¬ chromatic, or red, sensitive plate. We can not, however, get a record of the yellow or the red without also getting the black. Now, the solution is this one: Make a contact positive from the black-record negative; put this contact positive up in absolute register with the red-record nega¬ tive and make a positive from both; from this positive make a negative and you have a record of the red with the black eliminated. Repeat this process with the blue and the yellow record negatives and you thus secure negatives THE INLAND PRINTER 403 of the black, yellow and blue. It is customary here, in a case of this kind, to make color-record negatives as usual, put all three of these negatives up in register and make a positive, which is, of course, a record of the black, shown as density. From this a negative is made as a record of the black. A black printing-plate is made from this and all three color-plates also carry the black. Should the color-plates print out of register, the black plate sharpens it all up so that the lack of register is not so much in evidence. To Test a Lens for Three-color Work.— G. R. D., Philadelphia, writes about the trouble he is having in get¬ ting three-color work to register. He thinks the fault is in the lens, and asks for a simple method of testing the lens for achromatism. Answer. — A test chart for this purpose, devised by the writer, will be found in Amstutz’ “ Hand- and Colonial Printer and Stationer, in its notice of it, said that Americans were actually the first to publish photo¬ gravures in colors printed from rollers. The British Jour¬ nal of Photography, in commenting on this statement, held that: “Whether this is so or not, there can be no dis¬ pute that the Rembrandt Intaglio Photogravure Company were the first to produce black-and-white photogravures machine-printed from rollers, and the colored photogra¬ vures which they produce under the name of 1 Mezzo- chromes ’ are simply an extension of the same process. Their long experience of the process is likely to serve them in good stead, and we do not in the least fear the Amer¬ ican competition, though there is going to be a strenuous attempt to secure English business. The only example we have seen of the process, so far, is a portrait in the Decem¬ ber Inland Printer. As this, however, could not be put A SCRATCH TEAM. book of Photoengraving,” page 350. Mr. A. J. Newton, of London, writing on this very subject, says: “With the spread of three-color work one hears increasing com¬ plaints of want of register. Generally the first thing to be blamed is the lens, and yet, although the writer has tested a large number of lenses for their performance in this respect he has only once found the lens at fault. A very simple test for the suitability of a lens for three-color work consists in covering three strips of color-filter gelatin ■ — • red, green and blue — • placed close together, with a hair or very fine wire. This is now photographed either as a transparency or laid on a sheet of white paper with the hair behind the filter strips. Then, if the lens is a suitable one, there will be no displacement of the line, and it will be equally wide; if not, it will be either displaced across one of the strips or altered in size. Photogravures in Color. — The photogravure in color, printed in The Inland Printer for December last, at¬ tracted deserved attention in Europe, to judge from the inquiries that have been received regarding it. The British forward as in any way comparing with the results shown here by the Burlington Fine Arts Company, we shall await the further specimens that are promised with interest.” The Dry-enamel Process Once More. — Mr. Herman J. Schmidt, Detroit, writes: “In the March number of your journal there is in the ‘ Process ’ column a query about what has become of the dry-enamel-powder process. Mr. Horgan answers that I have given up the dry process and have gone back to the wet-glue enamel. Now, Mr. Horgan is positively wrong there. If Mr. Horgan will read ‘ Penrose’s Annual, 1908-09,’ there is my article. I plainly state that I am giving the formula for a wet-glue process for those that are still using the old process.” Answer. — It is always a pleasure to notice Mr. Schmidt, who writes so entertainingly on process matters. Formerly he advo¬ cated a dryrenamel process which he sells. This year he wrote an article for “ Penrose’s Annual ” without even mentioning dry enamel, while he recommended a wet- enamel formula, which was quoted in the March number of The Inland Printer. This Penrose article is entitled 404 THE INLAND PRINTER “ Some Observations on Half-tone Printing and Etching,” and begins : “ Let me direct this year’s remarks to process etchers and printers on metal. No doubt you all are more or less successful in these two branches of our craft, but at the same time I am going to describe to you just how' I work.” Now, Mr. Schmidt apparently wants to state that the Penrose article does not describe just how he works, and so space is given here for the correction. The Square Stop and Gradation in the Half-tone. — “ I have heard it stated,” says a writer in Process Work, “ that square stops are ruinous to gradation; I should like to read the opinion of other workers on that point.” Sev¬ eral writers gave opinions mostly favorable to the square stop. One who signed himself “Artist ” wrote : “ Of course, we all know that the theory is that the round stop is the best,” and it is so, for the ideal half-tone negative from the “work of art” standpoint; but those who are engaged in negative-making for commercial purposes will know that the round stop has many disadvantages. There are three kinds of stops in use: The round, the square, and the square with the corners cut out, and they give gradation in varying degrees. The most perfect gradation is given with the round stop on account of the readiness of the dots to break up, but by using this stop they will be too ready to go into half-tones. Should the negative be in the slightest degree underexposed or the screen a fraction too close, it will be impossible to redeem the error by intensifi¬ cation. If, however, the square stop is used, which is what might be called the medium course, it will be impossible to get as much gradation as is required by a careful placing of the screen, and a nicely joined high light will at the same time be secured, while the slightest shadow or half¬ tone will be rendered by a cross-line effect if necessary. I can say nothing too strongly against the stop with the cor¬ ners out — it is absolutely ruinous to all gradation and gives the same effect as a screeny negative, only in a modi¬ fied degree. Really high-class half-tone work will never be produced with this stop. I have always used the square stop and get every effect that can be desired with it. If I want a little gradation more or less I get it by a careful placing of the screen. My advice to all operators is to adopt the square stop and use it always, and get every effect required by working the screen. Of course, every operator nowadays gets his screen distance by calculation. There is no place in modern studios for the man who works by chance or guesswork. Brief Answers to Correspondents. — “Amateur,” Rochester, New York: The best answer to your query is that of the British Journal of Photography to precisely the same question : “ The best book on the half-tone process is either ‘Jenkins’ Photoengraving,’ revised by N. Amstutz (published by The Inland Printer Company, price $3), or the ‘ Half-tone Process,’ by Verfasser, published by Pen¬ rose & Co., London.” “ Engraver,” Los Angeles, Califor¬ nia : “ Underlays,” as you term them, are frequently placed between the metal plate and the block supporting it. The proper name for them, however, is “ interlays,” to dis¬ tinguish them from “ underlays ” that are % placed under the block itself and “ overlays ” that are used over the plate and the material receiving the impression. Oscar M. Walker, Boston, sends a steam-printed photogravure and writes : “ This picture is apparently made in three print¬ ings, two of them being half-tones; the third one seems to be made by a special process. Can you tell me anything about the process? How is it done?” Answer. — This query, from a practical printer, is a high tribute to the process-printing of photogravures from a web described in The Inland Printer last December, and of which an example in color was shown. These photogravures can be printed at a speed of two thousand five hundred an hour, and have all the depth of color which could only be had with three printings by any other method. “Publisher,” Philadelphia: Yes, half-tones have been telegraphed in this country, the first portrait being that of President McKinley. The writer took part in it and described and showed an example of the result after telegraphing, in this department of The Inland Printer for June, 1901. The New York World is at present experimenting with the invention of Dr. Arthur Korn, of Munich, by which pic¬ tures are telegraphed in graded lights and shades, as in a photograph. ALCOHOLISM BY CORRESPONDENCE. According to the New York Morning Telegraph, the fol¬ lowing is a circular recently sent out by the Forty-second Street Country Club, whose headquarters are said to be on the wettest corner of Broadway: ALCOHOLISM TAUGHT BY MAIL! Why Spend Time and Money in Barrooms When You Can Become a Drunkard AT YOUR OWN FIRESIDE? The International Correspondence School for Drunk¬ ards GUARANTEES to cirrhose a liver in three weeks (ordinarily it takes a lifetime) ; Bright’s disease in four weeks (some people spend thousands of dollars trying to find whether they have it or not ; we guar¬ antee it or your money refunded). TO WIVES — We will teach you how to drop tab¬ lets in your husband’s coffee so that he becomes a chronic drunkard WITHOUT KNOWING IT. N. B. — All graduates at our school are guaranteed positions as Roman-candle shooters with Pain’s fire¬ works. FORTY-SECOND STREET COUNTRY CLUB, New York. ON HOW TO KEEP DOWN THE DUST. One of the greatest enemies of cleanliness is dust. When it gets into type-cases it sticks to the type, no mat¬ ter how well the case is blown out, and hinders typesetting more or less. To reduce the quantity of dust raised in sweeping, the floor is usually sprinkled, but that makes sweeping more difficult, and a great deal of the dust clings to the moist floor and soon again fills the atmosphere of the room. Lately a number of preparations have been put upon the market for use in sweeping, which contain oil, to which the dust adheres in sweeping. These prepa¬ rations are a great help in keeping a floor free from dust and make sweeping much easier. They are inexpensive and should be used in every office. Where they are not obtainable, they can be made from sawdust, to which is added about one-fifth its quantity of common barrel salt and sufficient oil to give the sawdust proper adhesiveness. The cheapest kind of floor oil can be used and even lubri¬ cating oil, taken out of oil drips after having been used, will answer the purpose admirably, if of not too heavy a body. Care must be taken not to use too much oil and the oil must be given some time to soak into the mixture. In sweeping, a small quantity of the mixture is thrown upon the floor where one begins to sweep, and swept over the entire surface of the room. — The Buckeye Informer. THE INLAND PRINTER 405 PRESSROOM Flat Tints (467). — “ What will make a tint print flat or without gloss?” Answer. — Use magnesia as a base, grinding it with light varnish. Add as much drier as the stock will stand. Ink Fades (464). — “What caused the fading of the blue ink on the enclosed label?” Answer. — The label should have been printed in a color which is permanent when in contact with alkaline vapors or solutions. Bronze- blue is not permanent under any of the foregoing condi¬ tions. Ink-dealers can supply you with alkaline proof inks. Printing in the “Shoe” (463). — “What is meant by printing in the ‘ shoe ’? ” Answer. — The printing of a larger form than press should take, or having the back edge of the form too far back will have the cylinder still on the type as the thimble of the rocking shaft enters the “ shoe ” on the bed-driving rack. The bed motion at this moment is reduced, which is just previous to its reverse action, while the cylinder speed remains at the same rate. Slurring and grinding of plates will be the result of this condition. Printing Black on Gold (476). — “I wish to print a black outline or key-plate over a leaf cluster in gold bronze. I find that the black does not take well where it touches the gold. How can I make the black print so that it will cover properly on the gold? ” Answer. — After the gold has dried sufficiently, run the same plate with thin varnish on top of the gold. The impression should be very light and the varnish should carry a small quantity of drier. This will increase the brilliancy of the gold and prevent it tarnishing and will make a good ground for the black key- plate. Printing Ribbon from the Rolls (450). — Submits a sample of cotton ribbon one-quarter inch wide and asks the following question: “We have been asked by a customer to print twenty-five thousand yards of ribbon. It comes in spools of one thousand yards each. The printing is to occupy two and one-half inches with a space of one-half inch between each print, making twelve printings to each yard. Can you refer us to parties doing this work? ” Answer. — The Argus Ticket Company, 302 Dearborn street, Chicago, can handle this work, or any plant oper¬ ating a Kidder automatic press. Inkless Printing (474). — “About eight years ago you published an article on printing by an electrical process which did away with the use of printing-ink by using chemically treated paper. Can you furnish me the formula of the solution used in treating the paper or the number of The Inland Printer in which the article appeared? ” Answer.- — The paper used in the experiments carried on by Mr. W. Freise-Greene in England was dampened with water and impressed with an ordinary electrotype which was subject to a weak continuous electrical current. The latent image produced by this contact was developed in a ten-grain solution of silver nitrate; this action produced a pale-brown image. On brushing this image with a sul¬ phate of iron solution, the image at once turned to an intense black. A sheet of paper saturated with amidol being impressed in the same manner produced a blue image. The article referred to appeared in The Inland Printer, May, 1900. Adjusting the Impression on a Platen Press (448) . — “I desire to know how to proceed to make the impres¬ sion even on my platen press. I found it necessary to change the screws, so I find now that the impression is uneven.” Answer. — Attach a tympan consisting of form sheets of print and a top sheet of manila; under this tym¬ pan place the sheet of pressboard. Lock a large capital M or W in each corner of the chase and take an impression on a sheet of thin stock; this impression will show the weak and strong sides of points of the impression. By carefully adjusting with the screws you will be able to make the impression uniform. Roughing Machines (444). — “Can you inform us by what process the enclosed sample was printed? Can the same effect be produced by letterpress printing, and if so, how? In your opinion was the mat surface originally on the paper or was it roughed after printing? ” Answer. — The sample appears to be a litho. The roughing is usually done after printing, but in the case of a litho-offset press the roughing may be done before, for this press can handle stock with any condition of surface. The effect can be closely imitated by letterpress, but not duplicated exactly. Roughing machines for producing various patterns in the surface of stock are made by Fuchs & Lang, 328 Dearborn street, Chicago. The machine can be supplied with stock or special surface rolls. Ink Drying Slowly (462). — “We have trouble in printing a time-table on twenty-pound royal bond. The ink does not dry in time to work and turn the sheet. Is there anything I can procure at a drug store that will accelerate the drying? Is it necessary in doing good press- work on bond paper to have the impression show strongly on the back of the sheet as in the letter-head I send you? ” Answer. — To have clean printed sheets on short runs of ledger or bond paper, use a stiff ink and add body drier. Use only hard rollers. Carry only enough ink to give the color desired and lay out the sheet in a hot place to dry. In damp weather more drier is required. The impression on bond paper jobs must be firm, as the surface is not so uniform as machine-finished stock. The letter-head has only sufficient impression to set the ink properly into the stock. Light-face rules do not print sharp unless impressed strongly. Make the form ready and when ready to run place the cardboard from beneath' the tympan next to top sheet. Use the best black ink for such work, with medium or hard rollers. Axle-grease in Ink (466). — “Would like to know' what rollers, to use for stiff inks and for soft inks. I ran a 65-line half-tone cut on 100-pound stock and could not get it to work properly. Tried several reducers, then put in a hard set of rollers, which helped some. I then mixed a " small amount of axle-grease in the ink, which seemed to improve it. The paper seems to carry a fine white powder on its surface which causes some trouble. What should I do under the foregoing conditions?” Answer. — Use firm rollers with stiff ink, as they will withstand the pull of the strong varnish. With soft ink the rollers may be quite new or soft, but they should be set so as to lightly touch the form. You should have used a softer ink for the half- 406 THE INLAND PRINTER tone cut, or else should have softened the stiff ink with a softer ink. Use reducers in preference to greasy com¬ pounds, as the latter tend to retard drying. In fine inks do not use grease. A mixture of soft varnish and paraffin will tend to eliminate tackiness without doing harm to any property of the ink. The powder on the surface of the stock may be removed by vigorous jogging previous to printing. Three-color Work from One Half-tone Cut.. (465) . — Submits a specimen of colorwork done from one plate. The cut is 3% by 5% inches and represents two houses partly screened by shade-trees, with a grassy lawn, partly shaded, as a foreground. The manipulation of the plate gives a variety of color tones in the foliage, which varies from a green-blue to a russet. The houses are presented in a red-brown. The green is produced by a lapping of the up can be secured in this way? ” Answer. — Much will depend upon the size of the form and the strength of your chase. However, if after the form is locked up and tried and if a bow appears in the center as the form is raised, you may, as a safeguard, slide the form on to a paper-rack or slide and convey the form to the press. After it is placed on the bed of the press it may be unlocked and squared up and blocked in position on the bed. Another method is to drill and tap a hole in a narrow piece of steel furniture suitable for a 10-24 machine screw, and place it between two pages about in the center of the form. Pro¬ cure a cutting-stick, such as is used in a paper-cutter and drill a hole in the center to accommodate a two-inch 10-24 round-head screw. Insert the screw and lay the cutting- stick across the form the short way. Place sufficient short reglets on the chase beneath each end of the stick to lift it ACTION IN RESERVE. blue on the yellow, and is modified in places by the con¬ tiguous red dots. The brown is produced by the red and the dark dots being juxtaposed. This is done by giving off register one dot. A variation of tone is also obtained by giving more pressure on a particular tone in one color and a lesser impression in another color and throwing it off register one dot. The effect produced is novel. The developer of this plan of producing colorwork from one plate says : “ I believe the three-color process produces the best work of the various methods now in use, but as the plates are so high in price, the work can not be han¬ dled by the average printer. I believe the one-plate idea especially adapted for fine pictorial colorwork. The speci¬ men I send was printed from one plate in yellow, red and blue inks. I have spent considerable effort in developing this process and know that work can be produced by this method equal to any of the regular three-color work.” Lifting Form without Center-bar (461). — “In mak¬ ing up a time-table for the press we have to use a chase 26% by 40 inches without the center-bar, because of using tie-up slugs between the pages. Do you think a firm lock- clear of the type a few points. Turn down the screw until the stick is held firmly against the form. This furnishes a support after the form has been locked tightly. Tint-block (468). — “ Will be pleased to know of some simple method of making a tint-block which will give a ground color for an ordinary cut.” Answer. — Glue a piece of heavy blank board having a smooth surface to the bottom of an electro mount. Allow it to remain under pres¬ sure until it adheres firmly. A freshly printed impression from the form for which the tint-block is desired will fur¬ nish a means of securing a transfer for cutting the block to fit the design. Lay the impression face down on the tint-block and rub the back of the printed sheet with a bone folder until a uniform contact is secured. Another way is to lock up the tint-block and place in the press with the rollers removed; attach the freshly printed sheet by a slight amount of paste to the tint-block; having a smooth tympan attached, bring the press to the impression posi¬ tion and allow it to remain a few minutes. This will give a sharp transfer. With a sharp knife trim off such parts from the tint-block as are not desired in the design. The THE INLAND PRINTER 407 trimming should divide the outline and be beveled outward. A few coats of shellac will give the surface more resisting power to print a long run, providing the impression is not too great or the tint so tacky as to detach the card from the block. Pressboard and patent leather are used in the same manner as the heavy blank board. Gold-leaf Stamping (469). — Submits a leather-cov¬ ered card-case stamped in gold with two lines of heavy antique. The lettering is not sharp or regular, due to the heavy-faced type and roughness of the leather. The letter reads in part: “ I understand that heat is necessary, also a solution for the surface of the leather. Herein is where I failed. I have experimented and produced the enclosed specimen. This sample was treated with a solution. Gold leaf was laid on and, after drying, it was placed in a press, with a gas-burner attachment and an impression was pulled with the hot type. I would like to improve the work and would like suggestions.” Answer. — It is doubt¬ ful whether sufficient heat can be obtained from ordinary type to affix the gold leaf properly on the leather. How¬ ever, if you procure brass type and select a face like a light-faced lining gothic, you may secure more pleasing results. The specimen lacked correctness in several points. It was stamped too high by about fourteen points and was out of position sidewise the same distance. The gold did not adhere strongly, possibly because of improper sizing or lack of sufficient heat. Size the surface of the leather with the white of eggs, which are beaten vigorously and allowed to stand, afterward straining through a piece of linen cloth which has been washed. Rub the surface of the leather with the size on a sponge. The brass type for this purpose may be procured from supply houses. Multi-color Printing Attachment for Newspaper and Job Cylinder Presses. — A. P. Harlan d, of Tupelo, Mississippi, has invented and patented an attachment for cylinder presses which, it is claimed, will solve the color problem in a cheap and practical way. This attachment, varying slightly in size and in details of adaptation, can MULTI-COLOR ATTACHMENT FOR PRINTING-PRESSES. be applied directly to presses in use, whether drum- cylinder, rotary or two-revolution. Provision is made for instant and exact register in any desired position. The feed and distribution of ink is by fountain-roller, ductor and vibrator, and form rollers of approved standard meth¬ ods. By this means as many colors and in as many posi¬ tions as desired, may be printed into the main form at one impression. In newspaper work, standing heads and standing advertisements may be run indefinitely without attention, and, if change of color is desired, it may be had in an instant by mere transposing of fountains. Any changes of position on same page, or to any position on any page, can be made accurately and instantly, the print¬ ing cylinders being spaced and numbered for column and page and a fixed graduated scale provided which shows any desired position, right or left. In the make-up of main forms, nothing is done but leave blank the parts to be printed in color. By this means a job or a folder of any number of pages up to the capacity of the press can be done, two or three colors to the page, and a different color-scheme for each page, all at one impression. The invention has been thoroughly tried out in actual use, a daily paper having been printed for several months with it, using any desired combination of color, and printing from a letter to a seven-inch six-column cut. Samples of several issues of the above newspaper shown us were in two and three colors, clear and nicely done. The accom¬ panying cut shows the machine complete, except the method of driving, which will vary with different makes of presses. The device as shown, being bolted to the frame of the press, is caused to revolve in time with it by gears or sprocket and chain. If it is desired to use black only, or if for any reason it is desired to throw off the color, a movement of the lever takes it from contact with the sur¬ face to be printed. The patents referred to are of very recent issue, but Mr. Harland states that as soon as arrangements can be made for manufacture, the machines will be furnished to the trade at popular prices. Slur on Gripper Edge of Sheet (475). — Submits a section of an eight-page paper showing a slurred edge on the gripper side. The slur produces a double print, as it were, the first appearing light and the final impression normal. The impression is not too strong at that point. The query is as follows : “ What do you think causes the slur at the guide edge of this paper? We fixed the follow¬ ing difficulties, which we found on examination: The cyl¬ inder and bed bearers were not in close contact. We lowered the cylinder and reduced the tympan. The bearers measured .918 inch, except near the gripper end, where it tapered to .913 inch. We placed them in end for end, thus giving a type-high bearer at the gripper edge. The inter¬ mediate gear was, too tight so we reset it. The register rack we also changed, which eliminated the ‘ thump ’ which was so annoying. The slight slur which I mentioned is the only trouble we are now having. Can a vignette half-tone cut be made ready so as to print uniformly light on the edge throughout a long run?” Answer. — The slur appears as though it might be caused by a baggy tympan. Exam¬ ine the tympan and see if it yields to the touch. If it does, remove the tympan and note if the hard packing is held firmly to the cylinder. If this is not firm at the gripper edge, where it is folded over, it will produce such trouble. Oil a sheet of tough manila on both sides and attach it to the pins and reel it tight. The news sheets that form the balance of the packing may be folded over and pasted. Finally a piece of thin drilling may be liberally oiled and drawn tightly over the news sheets; this is then covered by a sheet of tough manila. All of this packing should not bring the printing surface more than a few sheets of print above the cylinder bearers. In making ready vignette cuts where hand-cut overlays are used, there is so much yield¬ ing in the solids that the edges darken and require addi¬ tional reducing during the run. The use of mechanical overlays to a great extent gives more uniform edges, as they are practically unyielding with the use of a hard tympan. 408 THE INLAND PRINTER PR.OOFR.OOM Questions pertaining to proofreading are solicited and will be promptly answered in this department. Replies can not be made by mail. Tricks in All Trades But Ours. — I shall have to set a bad example this month. This department, commonly loosely called mine, but intended to be everybody’s, this month must be truly mine in composition, since nobody has written any letters. I do not seem to be able to make the people understand that this is intended to be their column — that its primary function is to furnish a means of discussion of points of general interest, not only through the answer¬ ing of questions, but also by publishing worthy expressions of opinion. All proof- re a d e r s know that various matters of practice are decided differently by various people, and many of them have decided preferences and strong reasons in favor of their prefer¬ ences. Why should not some of them occasionally write a paragraph telling why they think as they do about some matter of general interest which finds different interpreta¬ tion at other hands, or ask a question or two, to find out what others think? Answers or rejoinders will be written as required, not in any spirit of undue finality or dogma¬ tism, but always with the intention of setting forth various decisions when there are such, and comparing them and their bases in such way as may be helpful toward deter¬ mination by any one. My bad example will consist in the fabrication of questions that might have been asked, with answers as if the questions had been asked by some cor¬ respondent. Not a very bad trick per se, but something I have not done before, and prefer not to have to do. Convene and Convoke. — P. R., New York, asks: “ Is there any real choice between these two words used transi¬ tively? When the President calls Congress to meet, does he convene it or convoke it? ” Answer. — The word con¬ vene in this use is anomalous, and peculiar in the nar¬ rowest sense of that word. Convene is not only very often so used now, but it has been so used for centuries, notwithstanding much violent criticism; yet it carries its own condemnation in its make-up. It says distinctly and only, in its elements, to come together, not to call together. How any one ever chose to use it in a meaning so foreign to it etymologically I can not imagine, for there is noth¬ ing, and never was anything, to suggest its use in such a way. The right word (etymologically), convoke, is prob¬ ably just as old as an English word, and even if it is not, the people who wrongly used convene must have been familiar with the proper Latin word that was fully as much at command as the wrong one. Nevertheless it is a fact that convene began to be used in the sense of convoke in the fifteenth century, and it has persisted ever since, notwithstanding early and late, and oft-repeated, objec¬ tions. So firmly has this singular error held its ground that now it is most as much as a man’s reputation is worth to call it an error. Every dictionary defines convene as meaning convoke, and not one of them censures it in any way. The Standard Dictionary says that Parliament is convoked, and that Congress assembles; but sometimes Congress assembles (in extra session) because it has been called together by the President, and that calling is con¬ voking, not convening. The present actual status of the two words is slightly uncertain, because ob¬ jection to the only one that can be sub¬ ject to objection has almost died out from public expression, and the other word has almost usurped its place. The supplant¬ ing is not absolutely accomplished, for some of our writers always say convoke when they mean con¬ voke, and probably some will always use the words correctly. An excellent reason in favor of so doing is the assurance of exemption from fault- in love? ” finding. No one can possibly offer any objection to the use of convoke when the sense intended is to call together, and perfectly legitimate objection can be made to the use of convene for that sense, though even this legitimate objec¬ tion may be waived on the plea of established usage. Of course what a proofreader needs particularly to know, as a proofreader, is whether he should change convene to con¬ voke when he finds it in copy in the sense that makes it properly subject to change. Unless the proofreader is sure that such matters are to be left to his undisputed decision, he had better not make such a change. There are writers who would insist that they write what they mean, and that what they write must not be altered, and they have a right to their own choice. Any proofreader, however, should be at liberty to suggest the change, and will then have done his duty whether it is accepted or not. Proofreading. — D. T. S., Springfield, Massachusetts, writes : “ Some time ago, in a series of articles on proof¬ reading, you said something to the effect that the most essential duty of a proofreader is to see that the print is just like what the author writes, or at any rate like what he intends to write. I understood the qualification as intended to provide for correction of what was accidentally wrong in copy, as a misspelling, omission of a word that THE INLAND PRINTER 409 must be used, and similar matters of pure accident. If I remember right, you did not indicate how one could deter¬ mine whether some seeming- errors are purely accidental or not, nor just how far a proofreader should venture on correction or alteration from copy. For instance, of course it is well for a proofreader to know as many prominent personal and place names as possible; but he can not know all of them absolutely, and where shall the line be drawn? Recently a widely circulated weekly had something about the United States Minister to China, whom it called W. W. Rockwell. Should the proofreader be expected to correct this name and make it Rockhill, when Rockwell appeared in copy? Isn’t it general practice to hold a reader respon¬ sible only for holding copy? ” Answers.— I must repeat what I said before in effect, and add to it. Ideally every letter and every point should appear plainly in copy exactly as it is to be in print, and the work of a proofreader in a printing-office should consist entirely and only in verifying the typesetting as a perfect reproduction of copy. But copy has never been so prepared, and probably never will be. Sometimes copy is almost perfect, but the best of it will sometimes have an accidental fault. If a writer hap¬ pens to write Rosevelt for the ex-President’s name, every proofreader might well be held to the duty of correcting it to Roosevelt. And so with many other names, but not with all even of those that most intelligent men know. No posi¬ tive line can be drawn. Circumstances differ so much that a new set of rules would have to be made for almost any place for which rules were wanted. Proofreaders might well be expected to know and correct some names no mat¬ ter how they appear in copy, but a reader in New York would be greatly at fault in failing in the case of some New York names, while he would not be in that of some Chicago names, and some men’s names should be familiar to all of them and should be corrected when they are wrong. Similar reasoning should apply to proper names. At a time when the Philippine Islands were much discussed in the newspapers a reporter wanted to be sure of getting a very common name right, and printed it in capital letters, Minandoa. The type was set so, and a proofreader left it so; but another reader who revised the proof corrected it. Any one fit to be a proofreader should have made the cor¬ rection at sight. Nevertheless, it is very risky for a proof¬ reader to presume too much on making corrections or alterations from copy, and a very important point for him to consider very carefully is whether there is any possi¬ bility that what is written may be just what is wanted. If there is the least possibility of this, or if there are two pos¬ sible ways to correct anything, even if it is surely written wrong, nothing more than a query or a suggestion should be ventured, but this should not be neglected. Meantime we may venture again an assertion that once induced some letters of protest. The first and most important duty of the proofreader is that of imitation. What has happened thousands of times will happen thousands more — namely, that things correct in copy appear wrong in print. An instance of this occurred recently in the case of the names Parker and Haswell, which are those of two zoological col¬ laborative authors, but which names came to their writer on a corrected proof as Parker and Howell. The same writer has often written the name Trench and almost always found it on his proof French. He recently saw a proof-room copy containing the Anglo-Saxon word thridda, which was typewritten. It had been set thiddda and the reader had marked out the extra letter but had not marked in the missing one, and the top of his dele-mark did not show, so that it had been mistaken for an o and the word appeared unchallenged on the second author’s proof as thiddoa, and that was the nearest approach that at least three proofs made to the correct form thridda. Nearly analogous things happen so frequently that we must again insist that the most important part of the proofreader’s work is the imitative part. “WHAT DID I FORGET?” It is your job-printering that interests us now. You doubtless have one and in our mind’s eye we can see you or the man who runs it poring over the letter accepting one of your estimates. There was a lot of competition on the job. People are close buyers and you didn’t expect to get it. The fact that the job was landed is a fair indication that the bid was too low. “ What did I forget? ” There are forty thousand printers, more or less, in the United States, most of them fools. Some of them do not know how to print; more of them, perhaps a great major¬ ity, do not know how to estimate. If they make money at all it is by accident, for their estimates are sheerest guesswork. Where they guess high the other fellow gets the job; where they guess low they get it, and wish the other fellow had it. You may find it interesting to compare your charges with those of a successful printer who is doing a constantly increasing business and making real money. His charges are based on what experience has shown to be his actual costs plus a reasonable profit. Some of his customers think his prices are high, but almost all of them come back for more, which is, after all, the best proof that the prices are right. Composition — $1.30 per hour; all work is estimated by the hour. Job-press work — $1.50 per hour; never estimated at so much per thousand. Cylinder-press work — Pony, $2 per hour ; above 28 by 44, $2.50 per hour. Bronzing by hand — $2.50 per thousand. Binding — One hundred and forty per cent added to the cost. Stock — Up to $5, fifty per cent; up to $25, thirty-three per cent; up to $100, twenty-five per cent; oVer $100, twenty per cent. Drawings and engravings — Fifty per cent added to cost. Delivery — According to job, averaging about five per cent of the cost. Inks — Always a separate item in estimate. These prices may seem high to you and perhaps they are too high for the conditions under which you do busi¬ ness. The main point is that they are founded on actual experience of the printer who makes them. Don’t run your job department as a philanthropic insti¬ tution. Make money, even though you do less work. Put brains in your work. You will find it helps you to get better prices. “ What did I forget? ” Perhaps you forget what you never knew, and that is what the work actually costs you. Dig into your costs — let two men pass each estimate. Tie a crowbar to your spine when your customer tries to beat you down, and you may wake some morning to find that you have been making real money. — Charles Little, in N ewspaperdom. Some men are like dogs — pat ’em on the head and they’ll put their feet in your lap.— Common Sense. 410 THE INLAND PRINTER EDUCATION TECHNICAL EDUCATION FOR THE GRAPHIC ARTS IN GREAT BRITAIN. BY J. M’ALESTER, MANCHESTER. Even the city of London, the center of trade-teaching efforts, has no instance of private individuals having opened schools for teaching typography or lithography, though it is not so concerning other technological subjects. Taking into consideration Linotype-machine printing, this factor especially is at variance with things as they are in the United States. There are endowed schools for such purposes, and printing firms largely choose coming oper¬ ators from their hand compositors. But London has what is called its “ City and Guilds of London Institute,” which is all alive and in vigorous practice. Its department of technology — observe these big buildings in England like to use ringing names — in its latest report to hand (that for 1909 coming out next October!), has the following fig¬ ures, showing very considerable progress in the past few years : Typography — registered classes, 100 ; students, 1,541 ; candidates passed, 453 ; failed, 123. Lithography — registered classes, 22; students, 269; candidates, 84; passed, 49; failed, 35. The number of failures is large. Examiners report that that is due to inferior preparatory education at school, largely defects in spelling, etc. While referring to examiners, let me give a couple of the test questions given in the report referred to : “ Describe the difference between stereo, electro, woodcut and a photo line block.” “ Having set up a quarto circular, describe how you would make it up so that it could be printed in two colors.” Another national institution of the same kind, in many respects, is the Manchester School of Technology, other¬ wise known as “ The Municipal School of Technology,” located in Sackville street, the direct outcome of the one¬ time Mechanics’ Institute. Its object is to provide instruc¬ tion and training in the principles of science in their appli¬ cation to the industrial arts. With its adjoining School of Art, including equipments for both of elaborate and mod¬ ern description, the cost was £300,000. The institutes of technology named embrace, for general and practically exhaustive scientific departments, laboratory and manual (or shop) work for their students. The Manchester insti¬ tution is so influentially circumstanced that its students can affiliate with those of the Victoria University of Man¬ chester for diplomas, if qualified. In typography, photog¬ raphy or lithography it receives day or evening students at from 5 to 10 shillings a session of forty weeks — or 5 guineas for finished tuition — according to preparatory, intermediate or advanced classification and stage of prog¬ ress, including composition and presswork. But there are no facilities for acquiring the manipulation of typesetting machines, strange to say. The institution has but one of these, which is used solely to teach mechanism; it has an equipment for composition of thirty-six frames and cab¬ inets. The pressroom contains a double-crown Century, double-crown Wharfedale, Phoenix, Arab platens, etc. Other equipments are: Litho-collotype machine-room, hav¬ ing a combined litho and collotype machine, three hand litho presses, collotype hand press, copperplate press, etc. The etching and collotype preparation room has facilities for making line and half-tone engraving blocks, including three-color work; a complete mounting and finishing room, with the requisite tools required in mounting and finishing stereos, electros and process blocks. The photographic department includes photoengraving and the methods of the photomechanical reproduction processes. This depart¬ ment has a complete photo studio — three darkrooms, cam¬ eras and facilities for three-color process. Lectures, with practical demonstrations, are given, accompanied with prac¬ tical work, and Manchester Typographical Society offers prizes to apprenticed printers. Estimating for printing and lithographing is taught in lectures for a fee of 5 shillings. The typographical course for beginners extends over four years, including a class for drawing and design for compositors at 5 shillings the session, or the entire teaching requisite for a compositor, session after session, £5 5s. This institution began its work in 1902. It admits nonapprentices up to the age of sixteen for three years’ study as day scholars. Evening students must be at least sixteen, the education committee having provided suitable preparatory schools for leading up to the specialized teach¬ ing of the School of Technology. Under the auspices of the London County Council a number of district evening classes for printers are held in the metropolis, some of which, notably that at St. Bride Institute, are largely patronized. The institution teaches machine and press management, typography, lithography and composition. There are also the Camberwell School of Arts and Crafts, for artistic typography; Aldenham Institute, composition; Borough Polytechnic, composition; London County Council Central School of Arts and Crafts, artistic typography; Regent Street Polytechnic, theoret¬ ical typography, theory of machine and presswork, over¬ lay cutting machine work, typography (practically), Lino¬ type operating and lectures on Linotype construction, typographic designing for students over nineteen, and apprentices’ section. In the County Council classes no amateurs are received. St. Bride has a library of no less than thirteen thousand volumes on printing and the allied arts. The demand for trade education has moved the London Society of Com¬ positors to form a Jobbing Printers’ Guild, its intended first president being Mr. C. J. Drummond, St. Bride Insti¬ tute. Manchester has a similar guild. Liverpool educators are less alive than London or Manchester as to the indus¬ trial arts, but the city has two scientific institutes in a state of progressiveness, embracing the graphic arts. So, it is evident the interests of printing, designing, engraving, etc., have not been forgotten in recent years in England. My purview of the subject does not embrace Dublin, Edin¬ burgh or Glasgow, the two last of which for some years have had science and art buildings with flourishing classes. The space I am allotted would not contain comments on these nor on the subjects of primary and advanced educa¬ tional conditions in Great Britain. Suffice it to say that twelve months ago the evening classes in such places as London, Liverpool and Preston contemplated closing for want of attendance, through the lack of vigor in the teach¬ ers and the too complex nature of the rules adopted, though too much devotion to music halls and football had their bearing on the question. New instructors and new blood have reduced this difficulty and increased the attendance. The age question for learning technical subjects has its objectionable phases in England. In the United States the THE INLAND PRINTER 411 age limits are less arbitrary. In England an apprentice has much difficulty in entering one of the above institutes if he is more than sixteen years of age. In fact, as a rule, it is in the large institutes an impossibility to enroll. This bars numbers of worthy young men, but dogged “ rule of thumb ” in adopting a system is commoner in Great Britain than in the States. In the former, red-tape is redder than in the latter. GROWTH OF SENTIMENT FOR TECHNICAL EDUCATION. No industry has shown greater progress in the growth of the educational idea than the printing trades. From its first issue The Inland Printer has inveighed against the wastefulness of inefficiency, and deplored conditions that seemed to make it more and more difficult for craftsmen to acquire a thorough knowledge of their trade. For long it was a lone voice in the wilderness; not that there wasn’t general acquiescence regarding the existence of the evils, but no remedy seemed possible. The condition precedent of that was even the wide-awakes of the crafts were not fully and thoroughly cognizant of the situation confronting them. About eleven years ago The Inland Printer started on its way apparatus containing specimens of approved typography, in the hope that it would thereby stimulate interest. The time was not yet; at least, a long-felt want failed to give any evidence of life. Four years later a technical school was established under its auspices. Though the International Typographical Union endorsed the move¬ ment, some features had to be abandoned, not because they failed to pay, but because there was no demand whatever for instruction. Acting in conjunction with other Chica¬ goans and the local typographical union, free lectures were established for the benefit of apprentices and others. It was thought Chicago furnished good ground for experi¬ mental work, and that a satisfactory system of education might be evolved which could be applied elsewhere. Never an assured success, the bantling classes were neglected in the clash and din of the eight-hour struggle. During that aifair there were educational efforts which left a bad taste in the mouths of many. But the contest was not over before trade education became a subject of discussion under happier auspices than ever before. The seed-sowing of twenty-five years began to bear fruit, and not only were all agreed “ that something should be done,” but out of the wealth of experimental failures it was pos¬ sible to do that “ something.” The International Typographical Union handled the question with vigor and appointed a commission to devise a system of education which resulted in the development of the I. T. U. Course. Its eight hundred students and world-wide approval make the efforts of a decade ago appear crude. Possibly the greatest influence exerted by this departure of the typographical union is shown in its effect on the attitude of other trade organizations. The photoengravers’ and bookbinders’ unions are considering the subject, and there is reason to believe the question will be among the matters discussed at the forthcoming con¬ vention of the pressmen’s union. It is said by those who should know that the action of the typographical union has given the trade education a decided filip in all American unions in which skill is a factor. Among its own members the work of the supplemental trade education commission has provoked comment which has led to much enlightenment on the subject. This is evi¬ denced by references to education in the Typographical Journal, as many as half a dozen contributors referring to the matter in an intelligent manner in one issue. Two years ago an occasional voice at rare intervals asking that “ something be done ” was the sum of effort along that line. Trade education has been discussed at thousands of meetings in the past twelve months, so that possibly the compositors have been paying more heed to it than any other body of men in the world. What is being said at those gatherings all tends to the advancement of this work. It is estimated that between four and five thousand union printers meet every Sunday to discuss questions of inter¬ est. Last month there appeared in this department an excerpt from an address given by President Lynch, of the International Typographical Union. That was not a set speech made for the purpose of display. A visitor at the meeting, Mr. Lynch was speaking on union affairs gen¬ erally, and what we published was the substance of his remarks on education. A member made notes of the address, which explains how the warning of the president saw the light of day. It was sound reasoning and a cour¬ ageous effort, and those who have heard Mr. Lynch speak will not doubt that he impressed those who heard him. Five years ago no leader in the labor movement had a fair conception of the benefits of trade education, while now we have clear-cut expression regarding the penalties of neglecting it from so capable a man as Mr. Lynch. HOW BOYS MAY LEARN A TRADE TO-DAY. Professor Magruder, of the mechanical engineering department of the Ohio State University, thus tersely puts the avenues open to a boy : “ Industrial education can be obtained to-day either by the apprenticeship system or from a trade school. A boy can serve an apprenticeship under one of six general classes or types of the system. “ First, is the shop which hires a boy for an indefinite period, lets him absorb his trade as best he may in the school of hard knocks, keeps him on a job as long as he does not kick too vigorously, changes him to another machine when the work demands it, and dismisses him when work is slack and times are hard. This is pure and rank commer¬ cialism masquerading as trade education. “ Second, is the shop that hires and keeps a boy for an agreed period of time, but gives him no personal instruc¬ tion. “ Third, is the shop in which an agreement is made and kept for employment for a definite period of time with opportunities to work on a variety of machines, but with no special instruction. “ Fourth, are those shops which allow the foreman to give some time to the instruction of the apprentices, and beyond the meager amount necessary for the boy to get the work out. “ Fifth, are those shops which maintain night schools for the instruction of the apprentices along certain few and definite lines, like shop arithmetic and drawing. . “ Sixth, are those shops in which there is a foreman of apprentices and a corps of instructors whose object it is to give regular instruction to the boys in shop arithmetic, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, mechanics, chemistry and metallurgy as applied to the foundry, electricity and draft¬ ing. Instruction is given for from six to twelve hours per week in the shop’s schoolroom during working hours at the regular rate of pay. The notable illustrations of this last system are the General Electric Company’s works and the larger shops of the New York Central Lines. With these companions the system has been found to pay financially and otherwise by the increased output of the apprentice and by obtaining a supply of adequately and properly 412 THE INLAND PRINTER trained artisans, eighty per cent of whom stay with the General Electric Company, or return to it after experience gained elsewhere. “We have trade schools of at least seven varieties: “ First, those which are run in the evening by the employer for his own apprentices. “ Second, those that are run by the employer during the day, and where the apprentices are instructed in sections. “ Third, those half-time schools in which the manufac¬ turing establishment or shops and the trade school cooper¬ ate in the education of the apprentice, and each does the work for which it is best fitted, such as Lewis Institute. “ Fourth, those that are strictly philanthropic and which run both day and evening classes, such as the Young Men’s Christian Associations. “ Fifth, those that are paternal as well as philanthropic, and provide for all a boy’s needs and amusements while educating him, such as the Williamson Free School of Trades in Philadelphia. “ Sixth, those that are operated by the municipality as part of the public-school system of instruction, such as those of Columbus, Georgia, and Milwaukee, Wisconsin. “ Seventh, those in which instruction is given by corre¬ spondence either with a correspondence school conducted by a commercial company for profit, or by a trade union at or below cost.” COURSE STUDENTS PRIZE-WINNERS AT NEWARK. There was an exhibition of printing at Newark, New Jersey, ending May 3, under the auspices of the master printers and the local typographical union. Prizes were offered for designs of a title-page and a diploma, and there were 115 entries in the competition. There are compara¬ tively few course students in Newark, yet they walked off with three of the four highest prizes. A writer in the Typographical Journal says of this showing: “ That tells the story of the efficiency of the course. It makes prize¬ winners.” DEVELOPED ARTISTIC FACULTY THROUGH I. T. U. COURSE. An elderly gentleman, and first-class printer, who is taking the course, writes of it: “ I wish I could adequately express my feeling of appre¬ ciation as well as my opinion of the value of the course of instruction devised by the commission. The work so far has been a profit and a pleasure, and I anticipate increas¬ ing profit and pleasure. I regret exceedingly that in my youth I did not have the benefit of this instruction. How much of perplexity it would have saved me; how much more skilful as a workman I could have become. But I am not disposed to repine ; it is useless. I am exceedingly grati¬ fied that even at this late day I am enabled to take it up. “ Not in what is taught of lettering and other matters is its only value; but in the close observation, the thought it requires to fully appropriate the teaching is great value also. It trains the mental faculties no less than the senses. The training of the senses makes the esthete, develops the artistic sense or faculty. The training of the mental facul¬ ties makes a more complete man intellectually, and doubt¬ less the development of the esthetic sense and the intel¬ lectual faculties improves the moral nature. Lowell says, ‘ Comparative criticism teaches us that moral and esthetic defects are more nearly related than is commonly sup¬ posed.’ So if you are lessening moral and mental defects by perfecting the esthetic sense, so much the more praise for your course.” Later the same gentleman wrote : “I have read much on the subject of color and light, but never before have I come across so concise and sys¬ tematic a treatment of those subjects, accompanied by dia¬ grams of so extraordinary aptness, as I find in the I. T. U. Course lesson papers on color. The diagrams are so simple and illuminating that they are a most effective aid to mem¬ ory. You have set forth clearly in a few pages what it would take a long and weary study of text-books to learn.” WHO’S WHO IN PRINTERDOM. Who gives instructions clear as mud And when your art begins to bud Who “ jumps upon you ” with a thud ? The Foreman. Who in one hollow, wedge-shaped line Can fifty frightful “ bulls ” combine, Reset and make them worse each time? The Operator. To lift whose ads. you can’t begin, And who, with self-complacent grin, Leaves out the words that “ won’t go in ? ” The Adman. Who marks in commas just for fun. And when the job is nearly run Finds errors plain as noonday sun ? The Proofreader. Who so abhors monotony, Each page a different length must be? Who hides his string-ends carefully? The Make-up. Who bends the chase like Cupid’s bow, And when the type moves to and fro, Who plugs a quad and lets her go? The Stoneman. Who puts the form on wrong-end-to, Who sets his guides a mile askew And can’t tell pink from Prussian blue? The Pressman. When quoin or key on half-tone lies, Who starts the press with dreaming eyes 'And feeds the sheets in cornerwise? The Feeder. Who cleans the brayer with a spade, And thinks he knows the bloomin’ trade; Whose ways are in his name betrayed? The Devil. Who sweetly lauds his fellow’s art, And flawlessly performs his part ; Whose work defies the critic’s dart ? Why, I don’t believe I’ve met the gentleman. — Paul J. Peters . LADY GODIVA TO THE RESCUE. “ It was a long and tedious speech,” said Simeon Ford, “ but I listened attentively. I like to have people listen to my speeches, you know, and turn about is fair play. Well, I’m glad I did listen, because if I hadn’t, I’d have missed one of the best windups I ever heard. “ ‘And now,’ said the speaker, just as we were all ready to drop off to sleep, ‘ as Lady Godiva remarked when she was returning from her ride, I am drawing near my clothes.’ ” — Everybody’s. THE INLAND PRINTER 413 NEWSPAPER WORK *' G“ ’ ££SSStswr,as 1^3 414 THE INLAND PRINTER THE INLAND PRINTER 415 cent of the largest possible vote. A full recapitulation of the selections follows : JNO. 1 84 Harry Haime, Boston, Mass . 2 78 T. Harvey Clinger, Philadelphia, Pa.... 3 68 John B. Grosskopf, Petoskey, Mich . 4 104 Charles Washburn, Laramie, Wyo . 5 65 George J. Johnson, St. Johns, Wyo . 6 81 Robert P. Gottschalk, Laramie, Wy.o 7 18 Samuel J. Griver, Philadelphia, Pa . 8 58 Oliver B. McLund, Brooklyn, N. Y . 9 74 Edw. E. Brockmann, Steger, Ill . 10 24 Warren S. Dressier, Camden N. J . 11 27 Joseph Cathriner, Coffeyville, Kan . 12 26 A. E. Ely, Petoskey, Mich . 13 35 J. E. Salisbury, Newark, N. J . 14 108 M. R. Worley, Norfolk, Va . 15 83 Howard F. Cluny, Fall River, Mass . 10 24 Warren S. Dressier, Camden, N. J . 17 73 Winfred Arthur Woodis, Worcester, Mass. 18 112 A. II. Barcley, Boston, Mass . 19 86 M. Rotsaert, Portland, Ore . 20 23 Frank P. Gray, Pittsfield, Mass . 21 67 John B. Grosskopf, Petoskey, Mich . Points 41 35 30 27 24 19 17 16 16 15 15 15 14 16 12 12 11 10 10 the phrase, “ long leaf.” This is the first time that Mr. Haime and Mr. Grosskopf have been among the winners, but Mr. Clinger has figured prominently in three preceding contests, being second in contest No. 21, first in No. 22 and second in No. 23. Mr. Washburn, who is fourth in this contest, headed the list in the two preceding contests. Pho¬ tographs of the three leading contestants are shown here¬ with, and brief biographical sketches follow: Harry Haime was bom at Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, England, in 1876. In 1893 he located in Buffalo, New York, afterward moving to Boston, Massachusetts, where he has been employed by several of the best houses in the printing trade of that city. He is now working on the Boston Evening Transcript. T. Harvey Clinger was born in Philadelphia in 1870 and has always resided in that city. He learned his trade in the office of George S. Harris & Sons, and was employed there eleven years. For seven years he was con¬ nected with two of Philadelphia’s leading newspapers, and the past four years has been managing the printing department of one of the city’s largest manufacturers. All composition, imposition and presswork on cata¬ logues, miscellaneous advertising, general office printing and the printing and making of folding boxes is under his direct supervision. John B. Grosskopf was born in Pleasantview, Michigan, in 1885. While attending the Catholic school in Harbor Springs, Michigan, in 1898, he WINNERS IN AD. -SETTING CONTEST No. 26. Nine points — Nos. 22, 92. Eight points — Nos. 11, 72, 93, 107. Seven points — Nos. 30, 100. Six points — Nos. 39, 76, 116. Five points — No. 85. Four points — Nos. 1, 71, 77, 96, 101, 103, 117, 123. Three points — Nos. 17, 49, 56, 66, 90. Two points — Nos. 13, 31, 36, 37, 80, 91, 97, 99, 125, 128. One point — Nos. 3, 19, 20, 29, 42, 59, 60, 69, 94, 126, 129, 130. The arrangement of this ad. made it an extremely difficult one to display, and there is no question but that the best ad. won. The advertisers make a specialty of yellow pine, and this was the most important thing to display. The fact that their yellow pine is band sawn and long leaf is descrip¬ tive and of secondary importance (so far as ad. display is concerned). Nearly all the compositors displayed the whole clause. No. 78 is a good typographical arrange¬ ment and secured its large vote on this account. Of course, the ad. is a “ lumber ” ad., but “ yellow pine ” is much more specific. Nos. 104 and 65 bring out yellow pine by itself, but the name of the company is given too much promi¬ nence and they lack strength in contrast and general char¬ acter of display. No. 58 has an unfortunate division of learned to set type in the industrial department of the school, by devoting two hours a day from his regular studies to the work. During vacation he commenced work for the Harbor Springs Republican, and after remain¬ ing there five years, went on a “ tourist ” trip to St. Louis, Indianapolis, Detroit and other cities, returning to Petoskey after an eight months’ jaunt, where he is in charge of the mechanical department of the Petoskey Record. Some of the compositors who enter these contests are obliged to produce their specimens under extreme difficul¬ /.Aiffo.O The ORANGE LUMBER COMPANY YELLOW PINE rlvsh . — .. . . > . . . . . . . . . - W - No. 128 — Set and printed under difficulties. ties. Walter D. Littlefield, of Newburyport, Massachu¬ setts, thus describes the conditions under which he worked in setting his ad. (No. 128) : I work in a shop where nine-tenths of the job work is factory blanks, news ink and news paper, with no facilities for really good work. In the thirty-five years of the shop’s existence this is the first panel job ever 416 THE INLAND PRINTER turned out. I had to go back alone in a spooky old shop two nights to do it. I had to hunt for everything I wanted by gaslight, and I had to kick the two hundred off by treadle on a clumsy Gordon, all in my own time. For the six-point outside rules, I had to use old cast-off column rule from the hell-box, bottom up, and I had to cut it in an old, loose- jointed lead-cutter, where I had to jerk and jerk before' the thing would handling of work, act in accordance with a broader knowl¬ edge which is thus obtained by cooperation. This is a condi¬ tion which should be encouraged. Such organization is not in the nature of a trust — it is simply by such action that publishers obtain knowledge of what prices should be THE ORANGE LUMBER COMPANY Railroad and Export Timber Gotten Out Promptly Yellow Pine as WHEN YOU WANT IT QUICK SEND US THE ORDER We carry a good Yard Items and solicit your inquires and orders No. 84.— Fir st place. finally tear off. This left the edge pinched and twisted, so X took a ham¬ mer and a file and straightened out the corners as you see them. The two-point rule I had to use was the ordinary hair-line rule, bottom up, and all old rule, at that. As to the hair rules I used, you can see for yourself how old and ' battered they are. I overlayed and underlayed until all the corners punch, but the lead-cutter twisted and tore so that a per¬ fect corner was impossible. While Mr Littlefield’s ad. only secured two points, still it is very creditably arranged and displayed. His selections for charged in order to prevent doing business at a loss. R. W. Strong, in writing The Inland Printer, emphasizes this need when he says : “ Newspaper men should get together on a system of living prices. There is no excuse for cutting each other’s throats — the public does not demand it. I have tried it good and hard in its various phases, and am free to confess that a man who follows it is a jackass. For two years another newspaper publisher and I were engaged WE CARRY A GOOD ASSORTMENT OF YARD ITEMS AND SOLICIT YOUR INQUIRIES AND ORDERS the ORANGE port Timber Gotten Out Promptly LUMBER -MANUFACTURERS OF — COMPANY When You Want II Quick Send Us the Order BAND SAWN LONG LEAF YELLOW PINE No. 78.— Second place. first, second and third places were Nos. 78, 84 and 27, which shows that he recognizes good ads., as the first two are the leaders in the contest. Publishers Should Get Together. — Newspaper pub¬ lishers have “ everything to gain and nothing to lose ” by getting acquainted with each other. In the years that have passed the custom has been to find out all the bad you in trying to do work for the lowest rate, with the hope that soon one of us must perish from the face of the earth. As a matter of fact, we both made poor livings when we could have made good ones. Brothers, get together and establish living prices. I do not mean this in a national way — not a national octopus — but in a local way, each location to be governed by the cost of labor and material, of course.” the: Orange Lumber Company Railroad and Export Timber Gotten Out Promptly' Manufacturers of Band Sawn Long Leaf Yellow Pine We carry a good assortment of yard items and solicit your inquiries and orders No. 68.— Third place. could about your competitor and then vie with each other in seeing who could sling the most mud in the form of the most artistic and biting anathemas. Fortunately this bar¬ barous age is passing and publishers in the smaller towns are consulting each other and in the larger towns they are forming organizations which make a study of conditions, and the members, in making prices and terms and in the Mr. Strong also scores another point in favor of organ¬ ization when he asks : “ Should a country newspaper be conducted along charitable lines? After an experience of over twenty years in the business I am convinced that the charity act is ruinous. It not only cuts off a large source of revenue in a direct way, but it lowers the standard of the publication. Very few people appreciate getting some- THE INLAND PRINTER 417 thing for nothing. Of course, there are a few exceptions in every case, but the fewer that are followed in newspaper work the better for all concerned. Any work done for or any notice published for any one, wherein the author is to receive gain, should be paid for; and it should be paid for at regular rates.” THE ORANGE LUMBER COMPANY l YELLOW PINE § No. 104. — Fourth place. The growth of the New York Sunday Times has made it necessary for it to install a Cottrell special rotary press, with a capacity of four thousand handsome half-tone sup¬ plements per hour. Easter Editions. — Most of the Easter editions were received too late for mention last month. Probably the best record for advertising is held by a paper published in “Egypt” — the Centralia (Ill.) Sentinel. Southern Illi¬ nois is known as “ Egypt ” and Centralia is termed the The Orange Lumber Company Yellow Pine mgg: No. 65. — Fifth place. capital. The Sentinel’s Easter number had a five-page ad., said to be the largest ad. ever published in the State. The issue consisted of 192 columns, 132 of which were ads. Other creditable Easter issues came from the St. Cloud (Minn.) Times and the Lake Geneva (Wis.) News. THE ORANGE LUMBER COMPANY' No. 81.— Sixth plac Newspaper Criticisms. — The following papers were received, with requests for criticism, and brief suggestions are made for their improvement : Unique Weekly , Risingsun, Ohio. — - The arrangement of your pages makes the ready-print all the more apparent — - it would be better to have the ready-print pages face each other, and those in ten-point opposite one WE CARRY A 000D ASSORTMENT OF YARD ITEMS AND SOLICIT YOUR INQUIRIES AND ORDERS THE ORANGE LUMBER COMPANY BAND SAWN LONG LEAF YELLOW PINE No. 18.— Seventh place. another also. In the ads. there is a tendency to use too many kinds of display, and in some there are too many lines of relatively the same size. El Cajon Valley News, El Cajon, California — The News received com¬ ment in our March number. Your display of April 10 shows that you have good ideas on ad. display, and the presswork is very creditable. Fort Pierce (Fla.) News. — Your « Special Boosters’ Edition ” of twenty- four pages was a big piece of work for three men to turn out in seven days, and the eleven full-page ads. no doubt taxed your resources. The 3-7 idea of a “ Boosters’ Edition ” is a good one, but you should have taken more time and not rushed the mechanical work. Idaho County Free Press, Grangeville, Idaho. — Extra-condensed gothic does not make a very good letter for double-column heads, but aside from this the make-up and ad. display are excellent. Skagit County Courier, Sedro-Wooley, Washington. — If you would avoid running display heads of the same size side by side on the first page there would be practically nothing about your paper to criticize. Trades Union Advocate, Kalamazoo, Michigan. — The ads. in your “ Pros¬ perity Edition ” deserve favorable comment — the panel work is particu¬ larly neat and not overdone. The presswork on the supercalendered stock is excellent, but that on the news print appears to have been slighted. Red Bluff (Cal.) News. — There is considerable improvement in the presswork over eight months ago. The line across the top of the first page, with its heavy black border, disfigures the paper — if this were removed and new type used for the heading it would be very creditable. Junction City (Kan.) Union. — -Your plate matter is handled so nicely that even an expert would have difficulty in determining which is plate The Orange Lumber Company — - Band Sawn Long SSS2SSSS"1*' Leaf Yellow Pine No. 58. — Eighth place. and which is type. Heads and ads. are attractive and in good taste, but the presswork would be improved by a little more ink and more even dis- Blaine (Wash.) Journal. — Your “ Homeseekers’ Edition” is remarkable for its size (forty pages and cover) and the careful manner in which it was compiled and made up. These good features lose half their value, however, through the choice of stock, as the character of the half-tones required a supercalendered paper to secure the best results. Owing to the large amount of space devoted to ad. dis¬ play in the report of the contest, comments on other ads. submitted for criticism will be deferred until next month. CLEVERLY WON “BEAT.” The secrets of the Berlin Conference in 1878 were obtained by the Times’ representative in an ingenious man¬ ner. A clerk to the conference in the pay of the corre¬ spondent dined every night at a certain cafe. He spoke to no one, looked at no one, but, after hanging up his hat, devoted himself to his meal and an evening paper. At the same time another man (the correspondent) did exactly the same thing. They were evidently strangers, but they were both well known and well watched. The trick was so simple a Sherlock Holmes would have been baffled to dis¬ cover it. These strangers’ hats were on adjoining pegs; the correspondent took the clerk’s with the secret docu¬ ments hid in the lining, and the clerk took the correspon¬ dent’s. This little juggling was continued night after night, and was never discovered. — Weekly Telegraph. PROTEST AGAINST PATERNALISM. We have been informed that a newspaper man of Ohio has just been threatened with having the second-class mailing privilege withdrawn from him, because he com¬ mitted the crime of being unable to have more than ninety- five per cent of his subscribers paid up so far, as the Post- office Department has had the audacity to command that publishers should. (The “ culprit ” was reported to the department by a town postmaster, whom he offended by inadvertently omitting an item the postmaster wanted in.) When, oh when, will the newspaper publishers of the coun¬ try get together and force the passage of laws which pre¬ vent a minor official from assuming the right to make such unreasonable and unlawful rulings and, for a time at least, to enforce them ? — Buckeye Informer. 418 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Printer. DEFINITE PLANS FOR INCREASING CIRCULATION HOW TO POPULARIZE A PAPER WITH THE CHILDREN. excellent way of making your newspaper popular with the masses, and increasing the street sales materially, is to “ snap-shot ” a few children at play on the street, care being taken that the same location is not visited more than once or twice, and at long inter¬ vals. A single column half-tone is made of the group, and a cross is marked over or under the por¬ trait of the child that is selected as the prize-winner. This is to be printed on the principal local news page, with the caption “ Who Knows This Child? ” followed by the words: “If this little girl (or boy), whose picture was taken by one of our staff photographers, will call at the office of this paper, she (or he) will be presented with a crisp, new one dollar bill.” The pictures are changed every day, and in a very short time every child in the town will learn to hunt for the picture of himself or of his playmates. The parents will buy the paper for this feature alone, and the children will prove excellent circulation agents. The identification of the child is very easy: The original photograph is pre¬ served in the circulation department, and when the child presents himself to claim the dollar, a comparison with the picture will prove his identity. The scheme may be modi¬ fied by inserting a picture only once or twice a week, prefer¬ ably on Tuesdays and Saturdays, but it should always appear in the same place in the paper. Care must be taken to prevent collusion between the party taking the photo¬ graph and the children or their parents. This is an excel¬ lent way to popularize your paper, and the effect is lasting. SECURING SUBSCRIBERS BY MAIL. There are no publications which have a greater problem for securing subscribers and increasing circulation than those which must look to the country at large for their patronage. Personal solicitation is practically out of the question, as the number of possible subscribers in any one town are so few that traveling expenses and hotel bills more than cover the revenue. Such publications are obliged to rely largely upon mail solicitation, and the plans devised are ingenious and effective. No doubt the daily and weekly papers could use some of these plans effectively also, and one that has been found successful will be described. The Novelty News, of Chi¬ cago, attaches to its subscription blank the coupon which is shown herewith, guaranteeing to refund the total amount of the subscription paid if the subscriber, after reading three issues, will say that the paper is not worth the money. The result of this plan is thus described by Mr. John C. Reddington, the business manager: A 1681 GUARANTEE Upon presentation of this slip after three issues of THE NOVELTY NEWS have been received (as per the attached subscription blank) The Novelty News Co. guarantees to refund $1 if at the same time the sub¬ scriber, under same signa¬ ture as on subscription blank, states that THE NOV¬ ELTY NEWS is not worth the money. THE NOVELTY NEWS CO. J. C. Redington, Bus. Mgr. “ Our plan of attaching the guarantee slip to our sub¬ scription blanks has worked out very satisfactorily to us. As you know we are up against a hard game on the circula¬ tion question and we have found that the most satisfactory way of getting good subscribers is by circularizing strong lists with multigraphed letters and with such circular mat¬ ter enclosed as may be pertinent to the class of people we are going after. “ For instance, when we circularize banks, we enclose facsimile letters from two or three well-known bankers of the country and we have found that this plan has worked very successfully with banking houses. “ Ten days ago we sent out a mail of eight thousand to the McKittrick list of advertisers. With this letter was enclosed a guarantee subscription blank, a miniature of the Novelty News and one or two circulars showing what some good business men of the country think of the paper as a help to them in their business. We are very glad to say that we have gotten back up to date about 350 paid subscriptions, which, as you can easily figure out, is four and one-half per cent. The money which we have received back from this list is enough to pay us for the cost of get¬ ting the mail out. “We have sent out in the course of the last few months over ninety thousand of these guarantee subscrip¬ tion blanks. Of all the people who have paid their sub¬ scriptions, we have only one request for the refund of a dollar, and this is from a professional man who really mis¬ understood the nature of the publication. We feel safe in saying that the guarantee attachment goes very far toward insuring confidence on the part of the subscriber and at the same time we have no fear that we shall ever be requested to refund any of the money after the subscriber has had three numbers. “ We consider that a four and one-half per cent return is a good one. The returns vary greatly, however, with different letters and with different mailings. We sent out last fall what we considered a crackerjack letter and it only brought about one and one-half per cent returns.” THE INLAND PRINTER 419 MEETING OF MISSOURI PRESS ASSOCIATION. Fulton, Missouri, was selected for the forty-fourth annual meeting of the Missouri Press Association, which was held in that city May 12 to 14. It was a rather severe test on the editors to ascertain whether they attended their annual gatherings for business or pleasure. Fulton is an almost inaccessible town on a branch line of the Chicago & Alton railroad, with trains running bi-occasionally. Such attractions as there were it was easy to enjoy without interfering with business sessions. The mayor, in his address of welcome, referred to Fulton as being a “ dry ” town, and if there was a “ blind tiger,” his claws were very well concealed. The result was a demonstration that the editors came for business purposes only. They gathered in large numbers, attended every business session in a body, and, so far as ascertained, not one of them received so much as a scratch from the “ tiger.” The meetings were of a most practical nature. The papers and discussions were right to the point, enlivened occasionally by differences of opinion, such as occurred when President Childers declared he ran his entire plant with a coal-oil engine at a cost of 20 cents a day. Several members questioned this statement and the president offered to prove his assertion by producing a picture of the engine. The one great benefit of the meeting was the emphasis placed on the importance to publishers of getting together and discussing their problems, and then working in har¬ mony to secure better conditions. The association meetings are the first steps in the right direction, and if the editors will carry the same policy into effect in their home towns much practical benefit will follow. This thought was nicely emphasized by Mr. Lee Shippy, the “ Kansas Poet,” in his address, mostly in rhyme, on “ The Grip of Good Fellowship.” The principal address of the occasion was made by Ewing Herbert, of the Brown County World, Hiawatha, Kansas, who lifted his audience out of the slough of hard¬ hearted, every-day business conditions to a point where the editors were exhorted to get their greatest satisfaction in life out of honoring others and from the glow which comes from seeing suggestions adopted which make for the gen¬ eral welfare. An interesting feature of the convention was a large delegation of young men and women from the School of Journalism of the University of Missouri, headed by the dean of the school, Walter Williams. The students took a great interest in the proceedings and expressed themselves as having found the sessions exceedingly instructive. The usual resolution was passed condemning the Gov¬ ernment for printing corner-cards on stamped envelopes. All press and editorial associations pass these resolutions 420 THE INLAND PRINTER as a matter of custom, but it has no apparent effect. One of the members said that practically the same resolution had been passed by the editors at every meeting for the past twenty years. This, however, was pronounced a base libel. There was an unusually large following of representa¬ tives of typefoundries, supply houses and newspaper men — ■ so large a delegation, in fact, that the supply of “ guest ” badges was exhausted. Some of the more sensitive of these gentlemen objected to being termed “ camp followers ” and as a result a separate organization was formed, “ The Amalgamated Association of Also Theres.” It was pro¬ posed that branches of this parent lodge be formed at all meetings of press and editorial associations and similar gatherings. The Fulton Commercial Club provided a continuous program of entertainment for those attending the conven¬ tion, particular attention being given to seeing that the Ewing Herbert, of Hiawatha, Kan¬ sas, the convention orator. He seemed glad to tell Missouri some things about Kansas. Swain, of the Republic, who tele¬ graphed his reports before they hap¬ pened, and Editor Payne, who held back his paper three days. ladies had a good time. After the closing session over forty carriages were provided by the citizens, and the dele¬ gates and guests were given a ride through the grounds of the colleges and State institutions, with which the city is well provided. What the editors talked about most as they departed, however, was the barbecue, where twelve tender lambs were roasted and served with the usual accompani¬ ments. The association will hold a midwinter meeting at Jef¬ ferson City, and Cape Girardeau was selected as the place for the next annual meeting in the spring of 1910. The officers elected for the year were: President, C. M. Harrison, Gallatin; first vice-president, J. R. Lowell, Democrat, Moberly; second vice-president, E. L. Purcell, Democrat-News, Fredericktown ; third vice-president, Ovid Bell, Gazette, Fulton; recording secretary, J. P. Campbell, Prospect News, Doniphan; corresponding secretary, J. K. Pool, Courier, Centralia; treasurer, H. A. Gass, Missouri School Journal, Jefferson City. DESERVED IT. Judge — “ Why did you strike this man? ” Prisoner — “ What would you do, Judge, if you kept a grocery store and a man came in and asked you if he could take a moving picture of your cheese? ” — Harper's Weekly. BOOK REVIEW This department is designed particularly for the review of technical publications pertaining to the printing industry. The Inland Printer Company will receive and transmit orders for any booh or publication. A list of technical books kept in stock will be found in the advertising pages. “ How Fortunes Are Made in Advertising.” — This little volume, whose dress is not as attractive as one would expect to find in a book containing so much inspir¬ ing material, is merely a collection of stories by Henry Harrison Lewis of the most interesting and instructive instances on record, showing how fortunes have been made through advertising. These stories have already appeared in Success Magazine, and they are well told, Mr. Lewis’ descriptive powers being at their best in his recital of how huge sums of money have been garnered by the advertising- methods of leading American and British manufacturers and corporations. In the same book Orva S. Duff contrib¬ utes a collection of instances of “ Great Successes.” The student of advertising methods will find the book both entertaining and stimulating. It contains numerous por¬ traits in half-tone and illustrations in line. Published by the Publicity Publishing Company, Chicago. “ La Photographie au Charbon par Transferts et Ses Applications.” — The difficulties — which, by the way, are more apparent than real — that confront the photog¬ rapher who seeks a more artistic effect in his pictures than is obtainable by the use of albumen paper are clearly explained in this new book, by G. A. Liebert, a well-known French authority. It contains a detailed description of all the operations of carbon printing, with several illustrations in the text and a fine carbon print as frontispiece. The preface, which is written by A. Liebert, reviews the prog¬ ress of carbon printing from the year 1876, when the first edition of “ Traite de Photographie au Charbon ” appeared, to the present time. “ It is to be hoped,” says Monsieur Liebert, “ that this admirable process will soon be generally used. . . . For twenty-five years it was customary to have brilliant images printed on albumen and gelatin surfaced papers; the public would have no other, because they had been accustomed for so long to that kind of pho¬ tography. Gradually, however, the public taste is becom¬ ing purer. We are getting tired of fugitive images, and we must familiarize ourselves with the carbon process, which produces images that are irreproachable in fineness and modeling, and still have the advantage of being absolutely permanent. ... In spite of this, many professionals as well as amateurs still hesitate to take up the carbon process, supposing that it is full of difficulties. This is why it seems that a new work on this subj ect, well conceived and as complete as possible, will be found of use to all those who desire to take up the carbon process, and put at their dis¬ posal a detailed course of procedure and its applications, so that they may be saved from groping in the dark.” The book, which is printed wholly in French, contains 283 pages, in paper covers, and is issued from the press of Gautier- Villars, Bibliotheque Photographique, 55 Quai des Grands- Augustins, Paris. Price, $2. For sale by The Inland Printer Company. THE INLAND PRINTER 421 TWO HOURS MORE OF DAYLIGHT. The clamor for more daylight in which to do the work of the world is assuming concrete shape. President Mur¬ dock, of the Queen City Printing Ink Company, of Cincin¬ nati, has joined this movement — is its leader in Cincin¬ nati — and is urging his friends to wake up, as it were. With the assurance that if you “ read it twice you will become an enthusiast,” Mr. Murdock is mailing the follow¬ ing circular to his acquaintances: “ If, on May 1 of each year, the standard of time throughout the United States was advanced two hours, so that what is now 5 o’clock became 7 o’clock, etc., and changed back to our present standard on October 1, it would add greatly to the health, comfort and pleasure of all, through the summer, without necessitating any change as to daily habits, or create any more confusion than if a Western man went to some point East, having a time one or two hours faster than that to which he was accustomed, but would give two hours additional light for recreation and health-giving exercise, and the use of two of the cool¬ est and best hours of the day for labor. Americans, in this manner, would obtain what those in England greatly enjoy to-day, namely, two additional hours of light. “ This would leave the same number of hours for busi¬ ness and sleep as now, and would give two better hours for the day’s work, and two additional hours of daylight to the evening hours, which to-day are too short to be of much benefit to those living any considerable distance from their Policeman (promoting daylight-saving movement) — “ Here, old fellow, move on a. couple of hours! ” — IP. C. Young, in Chicago Daily News. place of business, and, as the hours after business are the only portion of the week-day devoted to pleasure and exer¬ cise, the lengthening of same would be appreciated by all. “ Nothing is more conducive to health than outdoor exercise, such as ball, tennis, golf, boating, bathing, gar¬ dening, etc., so why not readjust the hours devoted to busi¬ ness, sleep and pleasure to the benefit of all? “ ,iousands of families would, under these circum¬ stances, move into the country or suburbs, who are now held back by the fact that the men at the present time could not reach their homes until too late to get much benefit from a move of this kind. “As elderly persons and children are given to early rising, the breakfast hour will become more regular, and many annoyances of to-day will be avoided, and, during the heated term, it should prove of special benefit to the school children. “As a rule, nearly every proposed rule, law or custom works a positive injury or hardship to many, who club together and bring about much opposition; it delays and discourages those interested in its passage, but, in this case, as no property is destroyed or depreciated, no one can be interested in opposing it, and it is one of the few changes that could be made to benefit all citizens of each and every State in exactly the same proportion, and not call for the expenditure of money by the Government, State or people. Railroads would not be compelled to change their time¬ tables, as all trains would leave in future at the same hour as to-day. Local travel would be greatly increased, addi¬ tional money put in circulation by the purchase of such things as are used for pleasure and recreation, and addi¬ tional value would be given to what already exists in the way of parks, playgrounds, gardens, resorts, boating and bathing facilities, tennis courts, automobiles, carriages, bicycles, etc. “ In England, though they enjoy in summer time the benefits to be derived from a movement of this kind, they are endeavoring to establish a custom to more closely fol¬ low the movements of the sun, which would enable them to gain millions of dollars paid out each year for artificial light. This change is being opposed, however, by every gas and electric-light company, and their stockholders in every village and hamlet throughout the kingdom, so that the pro¬ posed movement in America should not be confused with that being agitated in England, and should be accomplished at a comparatively early date, from the very fact that it injures none and would be of great benefit to millions. “ To be beneficial and not confusing, it is necessary that the law or custom become universal throughout the United States. It has no political significance, so all should lend their aid to the movement. Talk it up. See that your friends thoroughly understand it. Remember that millions in England, for centuries, have been accustomed to exactly these same hours and its benefits. If you do not need these additional hours for recreation yourself, aid in obtaining it for those who do.” SELFISHNESS NOT GREED. In selling we have all learned that a policy of getting all we can, and giving as little as possible in return, does not pay. That the way to get more is to give more. That sooner or later we get nothing for nothing. And labor should be taught these same principles by advertising, education. We have all found that men buy what is to their selfish interest to buy, and if they do not see it at first we adver¬ tise, educate them to it. Labor will do what is to its selfish interest to do, and if it don’t see it at once we should advertise, educate, the laboring class to it. It is perfectly scientific to be selfish. But we must remember that there is a vast difference between selfishness and greed. Selfishness rocks the ci-adle and greed robs it. — David Gibson, in Common Sense. There is such a thing as being so white that people are ashamed to skin you. — Common Sense. 422 THE INLAND PRINTER THE PRINTER AND HIS ADVERTISING.* BY HOMER J. BUCKLEY, Chairman, Committee on Advertising, Ben Franklin Club of Chicago. BT this time I will treat my subject only in a broad way, imparting certain principles which are the basis of success in the printing busi¬ ness, and offering a few practical suggestions. Advertising has become the greatest factor in modern salesmanship and successful busi¬ ness building, solely because of the attitude toward advertising taken by the business world. Back of advertising, however, there must be some kind of personal cooperation to make it successful. Printers have things to tell, which, if told rightly, would make a very powerful impression for business upon their prospective customers, but unfortunately most of them deal in dry and lifeless stereotyped phrases. They are unable to comprehend the business value of a broad human way of presentation. They are too much concerned with the details of price to give time to the underlying relation of their business to the commercial world and the arguments which fundamentally build their trade. Mere figures and dry facts and technical details are repellent and lack force. But the man who knows human nature (and it’s the same the world over) and who knows his business, can take these figures and technical details and make out of them an appeal which can scarcely escape attention and consideration, and will be understood and appreciated by every one. Over seventy-five per cent of all orders the printers have in their shops right now will be used by their cus¬ tomers to get orders through the mail. And yet, with this strong evidence before them, they are the slowest of all classes of business men to appreciate the great value of their own product in securing business for themselves. Printers — more than any other class of business men — need to be educated in advertising their own business. Look around among the trade and you will note, with but very few exceptions, that they remain in the same limited sphere, year after year, satisfied with what they can pick up on cut-rate competition, or through personal friend¬ ship. Why is it — many of them brainy, capable fellows, too? The answer is simple. Their business needs sys¬ tematic advertising. What kind of advertising then is the best for the printer? General advertising is always good, but the follow-up system (direct to your prospects) is by long odds the most effective — if not the most economical. Much has been said pro and con on the subject of follow-up, and just put this down for a fact, wherever a follow-up system has not made good it is due almost entirely to the character of “ meat ” offered, rather than the system being wrong. To make a follow-up system a means of increasing your business, you must make every piece of literature, card or letter tell your prospect something about your product that will increase his desire to have it for his own. You must make him feel that your service is personal and that his interest is paramount. I have always been a great believer in the human ele¬ ment in business, and my very first efforts directed toward any prospect are with a view to convince him that I am his friend; to secure his confidence, which is the basis of all successful business building; to gain his good will, which I try to make him feel is more important than his order; * From an address delivered at the monthly dinner of the Ben Franklin Club of Chicago, May 13, 1909. appeal to his judgment and make him believe in you, and that you are doing a real service in selling your product. After all, it is only a matter of producing good goods at a fair price that permits you to make a legitimate profit, and convincing your prospect that you can and will serve him better than any one else can or will. Always say what you can do and do what you say and you’ll get the best adver¬ tising that you can invest in satisfied customers. Every printer needs boosters to constantly increase the volume of business. Deal square. Remember the old Indian saying still holds : “ If the white man fool Indian once — shame on white man. If white man fool Indian twice — shame on Indian.” A follow-up system is not something for a day or month. Once you start it make it a part of your business; never let up ; keep a constant flow of good stuff going out to your prospects; do it systematically; offer creative suggestion wherever advisable; show them you can give an intelligent service. That’s sowing good seed, which is bound to bear good fruit. The work of your representatives will be easier and more effective and your name and trademark will become synonymous with productive printing matter. Never talk cheap prices — it cheapens yourself, and you lose more good business than you gain bad business. A business man does not go to a physician just to have his prescriptions written cheaply, neither does he select his lawyer because his fee is less than some other fellow’s. Attacking the work of a competitor is never good adver¬ tising. Even the man who has the best of argument brings suspicion on himself and offends the taste of many possible customers. Don’t undertake a job that you can’t do right, and this calls to mind a mistake many printers are making. Many of their direct-to-the-consumer customers are using letters in connection with other advertising matter. Anxious to get all the business you can, you take the order and print the letter in your plant in the old crude way of silk on the grippers. The customer meets with difficulties in matching in names; becomes dissatisfied; he loses confidence in you and eventually transfers all his business. The same is true of the concern specializing in letters. Some of them take on booklet and other work when they are absolutely unfit¬ ted for it, and turn out a poor job at the best. This is an age of specializing. Keep strictly within the confines of your line ; fight for it hard all the time — there’s where your profit is. Now, in conclusion, let me repeat the words of the wise man : “Always so conduct your relations with your fellow- men, that if any bitterness or misunderstanding arise, the apology will be due from the other fellow.” A NEWS-STAND ROMANCE. An American Boy, weary of Sporting Life, was on an Outing, when he met the Modern Priscilla, a Popular member of the Smart Set. He declared his love at Sunset and told how much he longed for Suburban Life and Good Housekeeping. She was at that time impressed with a Scientific American, an ardent exponent of Physical Cul¬ ture. The other Outlook seemed more favorable, however, and she decided to become the Youth’s Companion and have her own House and Garden, even though it should entail Dressmaking at Home. They went to the Judge and were married. They then decided to Travel, and set out across the Pacific followed by Everybody’s good wishes for Success in Life. — Success Magazine. THE INLAND PRINTER 423 QUESTION BOX This department is designed to furnish information, when available, to inquirers on subjects not properly coming within the scope of the various technical departments of this magazine. The publication of these queries will undoubtedly lead to a closer understanding of conditions in the trade. All requests for information demanding a personal reply by mail should be accompanied by a self-addressed, stamped en- Label Dies (447) . — “ Will yon kindly inform me where I can procure cutting dies for cigar price labels, which are attached to the box? ” Answer. — From George Van Pelt, 45 Huron street, Chicago. Millers’ Paper Bags (477). — “Will you kindly send us the names of firms manufacturing paper bags for the use of millers who manufacture graham flour, corn meal, etc.” Answer. — Write the Cleveland-Akron Bag Com¬ pany, Cleveland, Ohio. Brass Type (473). — “Where can I secure brass type for book-stamping and case-lettering?” Answer. — Write to the Inland Type Foundry, St. Louis, Missouri, and to Missouri Brass Type Foundry, same city. Stereo Outfit (472). — A “Provincial Reader” (Can¬ ada) asks: “Will you inform me how I can fit up and operate a small stereo plant suitable for labels? The larg¬ est size I will require is 3 by 5 inches.” Answer. — Miller & Richards, Toronto, Canada, can supply you with such an outfit. Machine for Signature Stuffing (470) . — “ Will you inform me if there is a machine in use for inserting the different sections of a large newspaper into one fold? ” Answer. — A machine for that purpose has been built by the Standard Assembler Company, 323 Dearborn street, Chicago. Hempel Quoin (445). — “Would you kindly inform us where to obtain a quoin called a No. 1 Hemple quoin? This quoin has a nut in the center, and is tightened up with a very thin wrench.” Answer. — The Hempel quoin is sold by the Challenge Machinery Company, Grand Haven, Michi¬ gan, and 127 Market street, Chicago. Untarnishable Metal- alloy Mirror (443). — “On page 99 of the “ Handbook of Photoengraving,” which you publish, mention is made of an untarnishable metal-alloy mirror. Can you inform me where such a mirror may be obtained? ” Answer. — This may be secured through the Williams Lloyd Machinery Company, 337 Dearborn street, Chicago. Bank-check Covers (441). — In the answer to this inquiry, published in the April number, the name of Gane Brothers, 116 Market street, Chicago, was given erro¬ neously as a manufacturer of these goods. This firm, how¬ ever, furnishes the leather for this purpose, being one of the largest makers of bookbinders’ machinery and mate¬ rials in this country. Printing on Tin (395). — “We have an inquiry for a press for printing on tin. The printing is to be a label on the stock for a five-gallon can. Give me the addresses of makers of such presses?” Answer. — Work of this char¬ acter is done by lithography on rubber offset presses. Fuchs & Lang, 29 Warren street, New York, and the Potter Printing Press Company, Plainfield, New Jersey, manufacture presses for this work. Paper-drilling Machines (471). — “We should like to know the address of the makers of the Sparks paper¬ drilling machine. At the same time the address of a dealer handling any similar device.” Answer. — The Sparks round- holing machine is made by the United Printing Machinery Company, 246 Summer street, Boston. The Berry cutter does work in a manner somewhat similar to the Sparks machine. It is handled by D. H. Champlin, 160 Adams street, Chicago. To Make a Transparent Label (449) . — “ We have a number of glass paper-weights with which we had trouble making the label adhere to without showing the paste or air cells beneath it. Please advise us what kind of paper to use so that the labels will appear transparent, and what to use to make them stick.” Answer. — Use a thin waxed paper or a transparent parchment. These papers may be procured from dealers. A library paste thinned with water will make them adhere. Clean the glass previously with alcohol. Embossing Press (446) . — “ Please give me the address of firms which manufacture machinery for the production of steel-die embossed stationery. I am considering going in a small way into this work of making embossed station¬ ery.” Answer. — It is presumed you will do the embossing and stamping by hand, and do not contemplate the intro¬ duction of power machinery. M. M. Kelton’s Son, 175 Elm street, New York, and A. R. King Manufacturing Com¬ pany, Kingston, New York, make excellent hand presses for this work. Round-holing Machine (410). — “Is there a paper- drill made that will turn out work neatly without rough edges? If so, please give us the name of the manufac¬ turer.” Answer. — D. H. Champlin, 735 Stock Exchange building, Chicago, Illinois, is the agent for the Berry Paper Punching Machine, which cuts holes in paper in bulk up to three-quarters inch in diameter. This is a rotary tabu¬ lar cutter, having a bit operating in the center in a reverse direction to the outer cutting edge, the cuttings or “ core ” being automatically ejected while in use. Printing-plates Made with Horizontal Lines (424). — “We would like you to advise us whether you are famil¬ iar with a process by means of which printing-plates are obtained by the aid of parallel lines. These lines are arranged horizontally and the varying thicknesses of them produce the picture.” Answer. — You have probably in mind the Akrograph, a reference to which has been made from time to time in The Inland Printer. You should write to N. S. Amstutz, Route 4, Box 3, Valparaiso, Indi¬ ana, who will give you full information regarding this machine and its capabilities. Steel Engravers (422). — “ Will you kindly furnish me with a list of engravers who do printing from steel plates, such as the production of stamps, bonds, stock certificates, etc.” Answer. — American Bank Note Company, Trinity place, New York; John A. Lowell & Co., Boston, Massa¬ chusetts; Franklin Lee Bank Note Company, 142 Broad¬ way, New York; International Bank Note Company, 18 Broadway, New York; New York Bank Note Company, 75 Sixth avenue, New York; Columbian Engraving Company, 331 Dearborn street, Chicago; Western Bank Note & Engraving Company, 60 East Twentieth street, Chicago, and William Freund & Sons, 45 Randolph street, Chicago. 424 THE INLAND PRINTER TRADE NOTES li/rT !c*lK Injunctions.- — - The loyal to the parent body, a family squabble ich the courts were appealed to. Those he international sought an injunction s and other property of t THE INLAND PRINTER 425 union pressmen. They also ask the court to officially declare that the dissidents are no longer members of the international body. Typothet® Convention. — Ignoring or sidestepping the claims of Rochester and Cleveland, the executive com¬ mittee decided to hold the convention of the United Typo th¬ etas at Detroit the week of July 12. On that or the follow¬ ing day the executive committee will meet, and the conven¬ tion be opened on Wednesday, July 14. As the fares of secretaries of local typothetse are paid by the organiza¬ tion for the first time, it is expected these officials will be at Detroit in force and will seek to enhance their efficiency through the medium of some form of organization. Journalism at Spokane. — A course in practical jour¬ nalism will begin on September 13 at the Spokane (Wash¬ ington) College. The local newspapers will cooperate with the college. The lecturers will be men in and out of the profession who have had years of training and experience. Students will be instructed in the various styles of writing for the press, and will be given practical training in the various branches, including the make-up of a newspaper and the work in the composing-room, methods of conduct¬ ing the circulation and advertising departments, and of soliciting, collecting and general management. Printers Make $1,000 on Ball. — Philadelphia Typo¬ graphical Union has it in mind to erect a memorial temple to the late George W. Childs, for many years owner and editor of the Public Ledger, and an especial friend of the union. For years the collection of the money has been going on quietly, but recently it was decided to devote the proceeds of the fifty-ninth annual ball to the purpose, that being the first effort to raise money for the temple by pub¬ lic means. The affair was a success socially and financially, more than one thousand persons attending and $1,000 was secured for the George W. Childs Memorial Temple. Trade Press Convention. — The preliminary call for the fourth annual convention of the Federation of Trade Press Associations has been issued by Secretary-Treasurer Oswald. It will be held at the Hotel Astor, New York, September 27 and 28. Conditional promises have been made by Hon. Charles Nagel, Secretary Department of Commerce and Labor, and Hon. Edward Morgan, post¬ master of New York, that they will make addresses at the banquet. As the Hudson-Fulton celebration will be on the boards at the time set for the convention, the executive committee is hopeful of having the largest attendance in the history of the federation. To Train Men for Agricultural Press. — The Uni¬ versity of Wisconsin announces that next year it will launch “ a course in agricultural journalism, designed to meet the needs of those students who wish to study the agricultural press in order to become contributors or edi¬ tors. Mr. J. Clyde Marquis, editor of the agricultural publications of the university and formerly assistant editor of the Orange Judd farm publications, will have charge of the course. The work will consist of lectures and practice in writing to meet the special requirements of the farm and dairy journals, and will include a survey of the present agricultural press, a study of classes of agricul¬ tural writing, methods of reporting fairs and agricultural exhibits.” Taboo Objectionable Posters. — At its third annual convention, held at Cincinnati, May 11 and 12, the Show Printers’ Association decided formally to refuse to print objectionable posters. As ninety per cent of the poster- printers of the United States and Canada are members of the association, President Jordan, of Chicago, says if they are in earnest the suggestive or lewd poster evil can be stamped out. It is suggested that one rule of action is to refuse to print anything that would not be allowed to appear in reputable newspapers and magazines. The asso¬ ciation also protested against the Heyburn tariff-amend¬ ment bill, which proposes to impose a tax on posters, etc. The legislative committee will visit Washington in order to hasten the obsequies. Photoengravers’ Convention. — Secretary Clark re¬ ports that indications point to the forthcoming convention of the International Association of Photoengravers being the most successful in the history of the organization. It will be held at the Hotel Kaaterskill, Kaaterskill, in the Catskill mountains, on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thurs¬ day, July 6, 7 and 8. An effort will be made to sound the educational note more loudly than ever at this meeting. Mr. Clark is able this early to announce that N. S. Amstutz will deliver an address on “ Science and Money in Photo¬ engraving,” Will Bradley, of Collier’s Weekly, on “ Design and Color,” and Arthur Fruwirth on “ Focusing, Old and New,” and the program is not nearly completed. Messrs. Amstutz and Bradley are well known to our readers, having at one time or another contributed to The Inland Printer. Home for “ Big Six.” — As some labor organizations have been successful as property-owners, especially the typographical union at Washington, D. C., the idea of hav¬ ing a building of its own has been popular with some mem¬ bers of New York union. There is now pending a report of a committee which contemplates the purchase of a lot and the erection of a building at a cost not to exceed $250,000. The committee contemplates an eight-story steel and iron building with office rooms and a meeting hall capa¬ ble of seating twelve to fifteen hundred people. The union will have to guarantee $75,000 before operations commence, and it is thought the investment of such a large sum may put a quietus on the committee’s plans. As the union pays $4,000 a year in rent for offices, halls, etc., and the com¬ mittee figures that a substantial profit will accrue from its plan, a typographical temple is among the possibilities in New York. Charles Francis Press Dinner Club. — This com¬ posing-room organization of this well-known Thirteenth- street (New York) printery held its eighth annual dinner on the evening of Saturday, May 1. As is customary, the evening opened with a visit to the theater, “ The Fair Co-ed ” being selected on this occasion. When the fifty- odd members sat down to dinner they found at each plate a miniature college “ square ” or mortar-board. The “ square ” was true to life in every detail. When turned in the necessary position to put it on, the face of Mr. Charles Francis was revealed in the opening. A slight pull on the dangling golden tassel withdrew the menu from the shell in which it was encased. The design and work were the product of the Francis Press, and the club is proud of the artistic ability “ in its midst.” After songs, speeches and other forms of entertainment, the diners separated at an early hour Sunday morning. Pressmen’s International Convention. — ■ The dele¬ gates to the twenty-first annual meeting of the Interna¬ tional Printing Pressmen’s and Assistants’ Union will be called to order at Omaha on Monday, June 21, by President Berry. This year there does not seem to be any burning question of a political nature, which is a change from the diet that has been served delegates of this organization in recent years. The eight-hour strike having become a thing of fag ends, it is thought President Berry will recommend 426 THE INLAND PRINTER that the organization adopt some constructive features. His recent writings and utterances indicate that he will urge the adoption of plans for the establishment of tech¬ nical education. The local unions at Toronto having refused to pay assessments, has brought about what is known in labor circles as “a situation” in the Canadian city, which is probably the banner union city of its class on the continent. It is expected action will be taken to repair this breach in the breastworks. Witter’s Parting Words to Old Force. — On leaving the St. Louis Globe-Democrat composing-room to take up the duties of city registrar, to which he had been elected by an enormous majority, Foreman Witter told the force: “ I have requested this meeting for the purpose of announ¬ cing my retirement, after an extended service, from the foremanship of this room. Your time at this hour is so limited that I can only detain you long enough to express to the chapel and to each individual member of the chapel my grateful appreciation of and thanks for the support you have given me and the forbearance and kindness you have shown me. I sever my official relations with you with profound regret, but I shall not by my own act withdraw from your personal acquaintance. I hope long to be asso¬ ciated with you personally and socially and as a fellow- member of the organization to which we all owe so much and which we all love.” Mr. Witter became an employee of the old Democrat in 1865, and has been foreman of the Globe-Democrat office twenty-seven years. An Echo of Big Strike. — In the war days of 1906, at the instance of the Typothetae, Judge Blanchard issued an injunction restraining New York Typographical Union, No. 6, from picketing, etc. Later, acting on the report of a referee, Judge Bischoff sentenced then President McCor¬ mack and four other officers for contempt of court in not having used due diligence in notifying members of the union of the court’s rule, some members having been arrested for actual violation and pleading ignorance of the order. Mr. McCormack and former Organizer Jackson and Costello were each fined $250 and ordered to serve twenty days in jail, while William J. S. Anderson and Thomas Bennett were fined $100. The cases were taken to the Appellate Court, which dismissed the appeal early in May. In doing so the court was divided, and said it would order a stay of proceedings if any party desired to have the case reviewed by the Court of Appeals. It is reported that “ Big Six ” will carry the case higher. The George W. Jackson mentioned was killed in the subway a few months ago. Chicago Franklinites’ Greatest Night. — On the evening of April 29 more than two hundred printers and supply men partook of a dollar dinner at the Chicago Advertising Association’s rooms. It was high-water marie for the Franklin Club, which had invited the supply men, so they could get a close view of what Chicago printers are doing and desire to do. The dinner and the gathering constituted an inspiration that moved President Hartman to excel himself in dealing with the needs and benefits of organization during his introductory remarks as presiding officer. Secretary Ellick was also influenced by the wine of enthusiasm in the atmosphere, and discoursed eloquently on “ Costs,” giving some blackboard illustrations to more graphically describe his emphatic remarks. George D. Forrest, of the Chicago Paper Company, made an effective speech on “ Credits,” while Walter D. Moody, business manager of the Chicago Association of Commerce, spoke on “ Organization,” paying President Hartman the tribute of saying that his was the best address on the subject Mr. Moody had ever heard. It was voted the most agree¬ able and profitable meeting the club has yet held, which is saying much. Lithographers in Tariff Agitation. — The litho¬ graphic trades have taught the other graphic arts people a lesson in alertness and well-placed energy in looking after their tariff interests. Even in the commoner forms of cam¬ paigning they were unusually active. They went further, however, and the National Association of Employing Lith¬ ographers held its annual convention at Washington, when the members “ got busy ” with the solons at the capitol, under the chaperonage of George R. Meyercord, of Chicago, chairman of the legislative committee. Meanwhile officials of the employees’ unions were lobbying at Washington and arranging for mass-meeting^ elsewhere. It is said that as a result of this campaign, United States senators received during one week forty thousand postal cards bearing the names and addresses of the senders, and this appeal: “ Why should not American workmen have the benefit of making post-cards for American consumption? Won’t you help us? ” The picture side of the cards carried a variety of samples of American lithographic work. All this activ¬ ity is directed against the “ ruinous competition ” of Ger¬ many and Japan. Interesting Program. — The chapel of the New York Times signalized its first entertainment and banquet, held on Wednesday afternoon, April 21, by publishing an exceedingly clever program. It contains a large number of examples of typographical errors that pass the eagle eyes, all more or less humorous except, possibly, to the unlucky perpetrators, and several skits happily “ hitting off ” past and present members of the chapel, of which this is a sample: THE DARK GRAY DAWN OF THE DAY AFTER. Hartrey and oblige, Tom Hartrey. New York Typographical Society’s Centennial. — This organization celebrated reaching the century mark by a banquet at the Broadway Central Hotel on May 10, at which 250 sat down. Among the speakers were President Tole, of No. 6; Charles Francis, of the Printers’ League; President John A. Fivey, of the society, and others promi¬ nent in craft affairs. Public Printer Donnelly and Presi¬ dent Lynch sent letters of regret. Mr. Donnelly said that when the society was organized there were but fifty-nine papers in the country. A feature of the dinner was the singing by the assemblage, led by a quartet, of “ The Old Oaken Bucket,” in honor of the author, Samuel Woodworth, who was one of the early members of the society. The association is a benevolent organization, out of which grew the typographical union, and is now composed of members of printing-trade unions of New York. When the banquet committee made its first announcement it claimed for the THE INLAND PRINTER 427 association the distinction of being the first and only organ¬ ization in the craft to have had one hundred birthdays. This roused the Philadelphia Typographical Society, which claimed it was organized on November 2, 1802, and cele¬ brated its centennial in 1902 “ in a very enjoyable manner.” But loss of priority did not interfere with the pleasure of the New Yorkers at the dinner. Junket of Canadian Newspaper Men. — There was a time when American editorial associations and the like sig¬ nalized their meetings by nice midsummer trips, but — that was in the halcyon days of the festive railroad pass. The Canadian legislator has not got round to the pass evil yet, so the Canadian Press Association will a-journeying go, according to this itinerary: Wednesday, June 23, leave Sarnia; Friday morning, June 25, arrive at Port Arthur; Friday, June 25, at Port Arthur and Fort William; Sat¬ urday morning, June 26, leave Port Arthur; Saturday noon, June 26, arrive at Fort Frances; Saturday after¬ noon, June 26, at Rainy River; Sunday morning, June 27, arrive at Winnipeg; Sunday, June 27, at Winnipeg; Mon¬ day morning, June 28, leave Winnipeg, G. T. P.; Thursday, July 1, arrive Edmonton, G. T. P.; Saturday, July 3, leave Edmonton, C. P. R., arrive Vegreville and Lloydminster ; Saturday night, July 3, arrive Battleford; Sunday eve¬ ning, July 4, leave North Battleford; Monday, July 5, arrive Prince Albert; Monday, July 5, at Prince Albert and Saskatoon; Monday evening, July 5, arrive Regina; Tuesday, July 6, at Regina; Wednesday morning, July 7, leave Regina; Wednesday evening, July 7, arrive Bran¬ don; Thursday, July 8, at Brandon; Friday, July 9, arrive Winnipeg; Saturday, July 10, leave Winnipeg. The Challenge Machinery Company and Welfare Work. — The output of this concern is well known to the trade, but comparatively few of those who handle its product or read its advertisements know of an interesting organization within the factory. Tired of the pauperizing practice of “ passing the hat ” when an employee became disabled through accident or illness, Manager J. Edgar Lee suggested and fostered the organization of the Chal¬ lenge Company Mutual Aid Society. The object is to pro¬ vide funds whereby relief can be furnished in cases of sickness or death. The members are divided into two classes, designated A and B. Class A consists of those earning $7 a week or less, who pay an initiation fee of 25 cents and 15 cents a month as dues, with a disability benefit of $3 a week if illness continues for more than three days and $25 in case of death. Members registered as Class B pay double the dues and receive proportionately larger benefits. The company acts as permanent treasurer, other officers being elected by vote of the association. When the surplus exceeds $250, assessments are passed till the amount is reduced to $200. Recently the aid society gave a banquet and ball in a section of the factory that had been set aside by the company and decorated for the pur¬ pose. About four hundred attended this function, which stimulated the aspiration that pervades the more active members of establishing a club with well-equipped gymna¬ sium, library and reading room. New England Printer’s Silver Anniversary.— As a reminder that he had rounded out twenty-five years of a successful business career, Oliver Brooks Wood, of the Commonwealth Press, Worcester, Massachusetts, was ten¬ dered a surprise testimonial banquet during April. With Mr. and Mrs. Wood discussing the excellent menu were the heads of the stock and press rooms and business office who were with the house when it started business a quarter of a century ago. Another veteran was the head proofreader, who has completed twenty years in the plant. The menu is a typographical gem, and in keeping with the decora¬ tions of the banquet hall, which were arranged by the female employees. The affair was a complete surprise to Mr. Wood, who was so affected he was unable to say much more than express his thanks. Brief remarks by a few of the force and an original poem by another cleared the way for general entertainment for which the committee had made abundant provision. The Commonwealth Press is the lineal descendant of the firm Plaisted & Jameson, two journeymen who embarked in business in 1869. After sev¬ eral changes in owners and locations, Mr. Wood bought an interest in the concern in 1883 and the following year became sole proprietor. Under his management the busi¬ ness grew, compelling additions and improvements till the office is now recognized as one of the most modern of New England offices, and Mr. Wood and the Commonwealth Press are recognized factors in the business life of staid old Worcester. Changes in Printers’ Scales. — Recently Swedish work¬ ing printers secured a new scale, which continues in force till 1914. It is on a fifty-four hour week basis, and piece workers are paid standing time. . . . The absorption of Bosnia by the Austro-Hungarian Empire synchronized with the introduction of a new scale for composing-rooms, under which eight and a half hours constitute a day’s work and the workers are divided into two classes, one of which receives about $5 and the other $5.50 a week, with pay for certain holidays. The contract has five years to run, and at the conclusion of three years all men are to receive a weekly increase of about 35 or 40 cents. . . . There has been a revision of the “ tariff ” in Buenos Aires, Argen¬ tine — an eight-hour city. Hereafter a conference com¬ mittee composed of an equal number of employees and employers will dispose of disputes that may arise between the parties, and employers will secure help through the union’s office. ... In Great Britain the working week in the industry ranges from forty-eight to fifty-six hours. A meeting of delegates from organizations having a mem¬ bership of one hundred thousand has been held for the pur¬ pose of devising ways and means to secure a uniform eight- hour day. It is said the workers are practically unani¬ mously in favor of enforcing the demand, as soon as some plan of concerted action is decided on by compositors, lithographers, warehousemen and cutters, electrotypers and stereotypers, machine rulers and bookbinders, whose organizations were represented at the conference. . . . A new scale for the printers of Upper Austria, the Tyrol, Vorarlberg and Salzburg expires at the end of November, 1911. It provides for annual leave with pay of from three days for one year’s service to eight days for three or more years, and all legal holidays shall be paid for. The lithog¬ raphers came out of the squabble with an eight-hour work¬ day, while the printers had to be content with eight and a half hours. . . . The increased cost of living is given by the printers of Rome as a reason why they should have a ten per cent increase in wages, and a reduction of one hour a week. The last demand was withdrawn, and employ¬ ers proffered an increase of five per cent to all who were receiving $5.75 or less a week. This was not satisfactory and negotiations were being continued at last accounts. AT THE GLEE CLUB. Director (in a thundering voice) — “Why on earth don’t you come in when I tell you to? ” First Bass (meekly) — “ How can a fellow get in if he can’t find his key? ” — Yale Record. 428 THE INLAND PRINTER INVENTION OF THE CARBON PROCESS. iff HE universally known carbon process, which has become the medium of representation of the world’s most famous art subjects and used extensively in the graphic arts, was invented by the English scientist, Sir Joseph Wilson Swan. It was the author’s privilege to meet Mr. Swan at a conversazione of the Royal Institution in London in 1899, and learn from his own lips that he had invented the carbon process on which some akrograph — that is, automechanical engraver — specimens shown there at that time depended as a starting point on their production. Sir Joseph Wilson Swan, F.R.S., M.A., Honorable Fellow R.P.S., was born at Sunderland, England, on October 31, 1828. He was educated in private schools, going into business at an early age as a chemist. He has distinguished himself in the electrical field for his inventions re¬ lating to incandescent light¬ ing, a fact attested by the large use of Ediswan lamps — a tribute in name to Thomas A. Edison and Sir Joseph Wilson Swan. For his activities in electrical and photographic inven¬ tions the Society of Arts of London has been among the latest institutions to accord him public recognition by awarding to him the Albert medal. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society, London, an honorary M.A. and D.Sc. of Durham University, a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor of France, an Hon¬ orable Fellow of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain and a Knight Bachelor of England. The Photographic Jour¬ nal, London, of August, 1907, contains a communi¬ cation from Sir Joseph in which he says, “ I began to make photographs long before I was out of my teens. My first essay was the printing of the outlines and veining of leaves on paper washed with a solution of potassium bichromate, according to the process of Mungo Ponton. It was simplicity itself. Only one chemical was needed and plain paper. If the paper was well sized, so much the better. The only apparatus required was the popular toy of those days (1842), a transparent slate — that is, a wooden frame with a frosted-glass front and a wooden back with a cross-bar to hold the back in position. The leaf or group of leaves (the frond of a fern was a favorite subject) was laid flat upon the glass pane, the dry yellow sensitive sheet upon it, and the frame exposed to the sun¬ shine. A quarter of an hour or so would give a strong brown impression, which only required to be rinsed and, finally, soaked in several changes of water to give it com¬ plete permanence and render it quite insensitive to light. It was in that way I made my first photograph. I say that, perhaps, it was this early acquaintance with the photo¬ graphic susceptibilities of potassium brichromate that led me long afterward to probe further into its photographic properties, and to become identified with several of its use¬ ful applications. For the principles underlying Ponton’s simple process afterward became abundantly productive, and to-day are embodied in the most important methods of photographic printing and photographic engraving. Fox Talbot — the true father of modern photography — made excellent use of them in his process of photographic engra¬ ving, published in 1852 — - a process from which, with large modifications, modern photogravure was ultimately evolved. “They also gave rise to all the early attempts at carbon printing, and, as I have said, probably influ¬ enced me in making the at¬ tempt to enlarge its capa¬ bilities. “ I had dual objectives in my mind; one of these was photographic printing with pigments as the color¬ ing matter of the pictures — the other was utilization of the indurating effect of light upon gelatin in com¬ bination with a bichromate for the purpose of obtain¬ ing a relief with gradation of height in the relief, exactly corresponding to the gradations of opacity and transparency in the posi¬ tive or negative employed ■ in making the print from which the relief photograph was produced. These re¬ liefs I used as a step in obtaining molds, the reverse of the reliefs, and from these molds, casts, in col¬ ored gelatin, which were, in fact, prints, mechanically produced, c 1 o s e ly resem¬ bling those produced di¬ rectly by light.” It is indeed difficult to emphasize adequately the remarkable impetus which the early and advanced work of Sir Joseph Swan has given to the reproductive arts. Sir Joseph resides at 58 Holland Park, London, W., and, despite his eighty years, is keenly interested in the arts and sciences. We are privileged to reproduce a portrait for the readers of The Inland Printer, which shows how remark¬ ably this octogenarian scientist has combated time. SOFTENING OF THE FEET. Dinah, crying bitterly, was coming down the street with her feet bandaged. “ Why, what on earth’s the matter? ” she was asked. “ How did you hurt your feet, Dinah? ” “ Dat good fo’ nothin’ nigger [sniffle] done hit me on de haid wif a club while I was standin’ on de hard stone pave¬ ment.” — Everybody's. THE INLAND PRINTER 429 Translated for The Inland Printer. STUDYING THE EFFECTS OF COLOR CONTRASTS. BY OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT. |)T is well from time to time to do some experi¬ menting yourself, says Fritz Hansen, in the Schweizer Graphischer Central-Anzeiger, by way of introduction, in advising printers and lithographers to acquire more knowledge respecting colors and their application in graphic work. He accompanies this advice with some interesting experiments, the practice of which ought to be very useful. These experiments are quite sim¬ ple. One requires no complicated preparations or appa¬ ratus, nor any cumbersome or inflammable laboratory fixtures. Some observant attention and a few pieces of colored paper comprise the sole outfit. Take some pure-gray paper and from it cut a few squares, disks and rings. Lay these upon larger surfaces of different colored paper, after the manner of the diagram herewith. Then carefully consider what color is actually BLUE PAPER GRAY SQUARE shown by the smaller figure of gray paper. If we lay the same gray square, disk or ring consecutively upon sheets of yellow, blue, red and green paper, it will appear tinted respectively blue, yellow, green and red — - never pure gray. Especially pronounced will be the deviation from the origi¬ nal gray if we cover both the gray and the colored sheet with a thin sheet of white onion-skin paper, this acting as a veil, so to say. The experiment, shows that small gray figures or objects laid upon a full-colored background are perceptibly influenced by the latter, and it will be noted that the influ¬ ence of the yellow is toward blue, the blue toward yellow, the red toward green and the green in the direction of red. A knowledge of these peculiar facts will guard one from much worry and needless work. For not only is gray thus influenced by an environment of larger surfaces of different colors, but the various colors are similarly affected, in greater or lesser degree. A further experi¬ ment will demonstrate this. Lay disks (of, say, three to four inches in diameter) cut from violet paper upon larger surfaces of green and red paper. It will be found that the violet disks, though cut from the same sheet, when thus superposed, will show shades that differ very greatly. And if we veil them with the onion-skin paper, as in the experiment with the gray paper, the difference will be still more apparent. This varying influence of colors upon one another can be utilized to obtain very delightful effects. For instance, one wishes to portray a vividly bright golden sun. How shall we bring out to the fullest extent the brightness of the yellow of the sun? Very simply. We give its environ¬ ment as bluish a tone as is possible. For, as our experi¬ ments teach, a blue background influences the smaller figures upon it in the direction of yellow, and hence the yellow of the sun will appear still more yellow. Inversely, the sun would lose at once in color strength and radiance if we were to embed it in red clouds. Make a test by com¬ paring a yellow disk laid upon a red background with one laid upon a blue background. If we insist upon having a red-tinted sky accompanying a sunset, what shall we do to maintain the color strength of the sun? We must refrain from red or orange colored clouds, and instead see to it that we have them of a bluish-red or a soft bluish-rose. The effect will be grand. Of course, in practice, we will not employ such coarse mediums as full-color surfaces, but the principle remains the same, however much we modify the colors used. As said before, it is well to experiment, and the printer essay¬ ing colorwork will find that the simple method herein sug¬ gested will give him quite a fund of useful information as well as assist in cultivating a discriminating taste respect¬ ing color combinations. CANADIAN PULP AND PAPER. The Canadian customs department has given out in Ottawa the following figures showing certain features of the Dominion’s trade in pulp-wood and paper: During the fiscal year (ended March 31, 1909), the quantity of pulp exported was: To the United States, wood-pulp, chemically prepared, 769,514 hundredweight, and mechanically ground, 3,033,885 hundredweight; to Great Britain, chemically prepared, 13,660 hundredweight, and mechanically ground, 937,598 hundredweight. The export of paper during the same period was: To the United States, wall-paper, rolls, 19,974, valued at $6,440; felt-paper, rolls, 109,863, valued at $101,835; wrapping- paper, 594,695 pounds, valued at $24,264; printing-paper, valued at $791,533; paper of other kinds valued at $34,673. To Great Britain, wall-paper, 512 rolls, valued at $159; felt-paper, 5,060 rolls, valued at $21,896; printing-paper to a value of $922,278, and other paper to a value of $354,- 887. During the same period 901,861 cords of pulp-wood were exported to the United States. The Department of Trade and Commerce has issued a statement showing a considerable decline in the importing of printing-paper from the United States. For the nine months ended December 31, 1908, the value was $145,000; the corresponding nine months of 1907, $231,000; corre¬ sponding nine months of 1906, $274,000. The imports of printing-paper from Great Britain range from $135,000 to $165,000 for each nine months, and only a trifling amount was imported from any other country. In the manner of export the sales of wood for wood- pulp to the United States have increased. In the last nine months of 1908 the value was a little over $3,500,000, com¬ pared with a shade above $2,000,000 for the corresponding term of 1906. No other country was a purchaser from Canada. In wood-pulp the sales in the last nine months of 1908 were $2,000,000, the same as in 1908, and $750,000 less than in 1907. — Editor and Publisher. APPETIZING. On the south side of the square on the front window of a soft-drink place appears this sign : LUNCH ROOM SHINE CORNS TAKEN OUT SOUP Oklahoma is great, but verily Perry leads the world ! — Perry (Okla.) Daily News. 430 THE INLAND PRINTER RETIREMENT OF OLD-TIME PRINTER. In June, 1852, fifty-three printers foregathered and Chicago Typographical Union, No. 16, was organized. Among them was William McEvoy, secretary-treasurer of the union for the past twenty-one years. He now lays down official cares and his voluntary' retirement marks the passing of a land-mark in the history of the union, espe¬ cially as relates to its official life. William McEvoy was born in Dublin, Ireland, on Sep¬ tember 8, 1832. As a boy of thirteen he became a printer’s devil, and worked at the trade for about three years in his WILLIAM MCEVOY. native city. On September 26, 1848, the McEvoy family left Ireland for America. The family consisted of Mr. and Mrs. William McEvoy, senior, and five children — ■ William, Peter, Jane, Margaret and John, at that time the baby of the family. John A. McEvoy afterward became a printer and was elected a delegate in 1875 to represent No. 16 at the convention of the International Typographical Union, which was held in Boston. He was a clerk in the Probate Court of Cook county for some time, but died a few years ago. There were not many ocean steamers in 1848, and the McEvoy family engaged passage on a, sailing vessel, The Fingal, which took six weeks to make the trip from Dublin to New York. From New York they came to Chicago, reaching this city in the latter part of November, 1848. When young “ Bill ” McEvoy arrived in Chicago the population of the city was about sixteen thousand. Resu¬ ming the printer’s trade, he went to work as an apprentice in the composing-room of the Chicago Tribune. He set type by the piece for one shilling (12% cents) a thousand. Journeymen printers of that day received 20 cents a thou¬ sand. In 1848 the Tribune office was in a three-story brick building on the southeast corner of La Salle and Lake streets, the last-mentioned being then the principal busi¬ ness thoroughfare of Chicago. The Tribune occupied the top story, and the total floor space for the mechanical, editorial and business departments of this embryotic great metropolitan daily was about 25 by 60 feet. The Tribune did not own a press in those days, the forms being taken to the pressroom of Zachariah Eastman, who published a weekly paper called The Citizen. A flat-bed press, oper¬ ated by horse power, was the mechanism used. William H. Austin, whose name appears on the list of No. 16’s charter members, was foreman of the composing-room, and had under him one man and three boys. The publishers were Wheeler, Stewart & Scripps. Wheeler, the editor, was also a practical printer, and usually set his editorials out of the case. Mr. McEvoy worked on the Tribune about four years. In the latter part of 1852, after the union had been organ¬ ized, afflicted with the printer’s wanderlust, he traveled east to Rochester, New York, crossing the lake to Toronto, Ontario, where he worked about three months. He then went to Buffalo, New York, staying one year and a half, and returned to Chicago in 1854. From that time on Mr. McEvoy has been connected with the trade life of Chicago, having worked on the old Times when James W. Sheehan was editor, on “ Long John ” Wentworth’s Democrat, the Journal, the Post, the Demo¬ cratic Press (later merged in the Tribune), the Inter Ocean, under the management of J. Young Scammon, the Mail (absorbed by the Journal) and other papers now in Chicago’s spacious journalistic graveyard. Mr. and Mrs. McEvoy have two sons and two daughters living: Thomas, of the Tribune; Margaret, John and Ella. It is the lot of few men to live a life bound up so closely with the history of any organization as in the case of Mr. McEvoy and Chicago Typographical Union. A charter member at its birth in June, 1852, he served the union as its vice-president in 1866; as financial and corresponding secretary in 1876, 1877, 1878 and 1879; and has been its secretary-treasurer from 1888 to the present time. An active member for fifty-seven years and an officer of the union for twenty-six years, he is a good type of the sturdy men who have quietly and steadfastly built up No. 16 from its small beginning in June, 1852, when it numbered fifty- three members, to its present membership of 3,500. Not¬ withstanding his age and infirmities, no hungry officeseeker would dare to run against “ Old Bill,” which tells more than a volume could of his popularity — the fruit of a well- spent, upright life. PHOTOENGRAVERS AND THE TARIFF. H. C. Stiles, president of the International Association of Photoengravers, has been sending this self-explanatory letter to the trade and its friends : “ For some months I have been at work on various mat¬ ters incident to an increase in duty on souvenir post-cards which are now coming into this country from European countries, principally Germany, at the duty of 5 cents per pound, a rate which is so absurdly low that it amounts to no protection whatever. In considering this matter, the Ways and Means Committee of the House of Representa¬ tives decided to raise the duty to 10 cents a pound, and the bill passed the House with that rate. When it reached the Finance Committee of the United States Senate they put the rate back to 7 cents a pound. “ Realizing the necessity for prompt and decisive action I called a conference to be held in Washington on Sunday, April 11. This was attended by a number of representa¬ tives of photoengraving establishments, printers, two rep¬ resentatives of the Post Card Manufacturers’ Association, and others largely concerned in an increase of duty. The matter was thoroughly considered at this meeting and by appointment on the following morning, Monday, April 12, THE INLAND PRINTER 431 we had a hearing before General Appraiser Sharretts, rep¬ resenting the Senate Finance Committee. This session lasted several hours on Monday and was followed by fur¬ ther hearings on Tuesday and Wednesday. “As an outcome of the matter, Mr. Sharretts has recom¬ mended to the Senate Finance Committee that the import duty on view-cards be increased to 15 cents per pound and twenty-five per cent ad valorem. It will be noticed that this is a very material increase over the present rate, and if carried in the Senate and adopted in conference with the House of Representatives and finally becomes a law, it will closely approximate protection on the view-card industry and will enable the American engravers to com¬ pete with the European establishments in the production of plates for post-card printing. “ You will note that I use the term ‘ view-cards.’ This is because the view-card runs are usually not in excess of five thousand, and, as a matter of fact, most of the runs are not over three thousand cards. Fancy post-cards, such as comics, Christmas cards, etc., are usually produced in such large quantities that the American printers and lithographers are already able to compete with the German houses on this class of work and for that reason we are not interested in asking Congress to give an increase of duty on other than the view-card feature. “As it is very likely there will be opposition to the very considerable increase in duty as above outlined, I earnestly urge that you will write to the senators representing your State, pointing out to them as concisely and positively as possible the necessity for the adoption of this rate in the new tariff law. As a matter of patriotism alone there should be little difficulty in getting this rate established, as it is certainly humiliating to Americans when purchas¬ ing view post-cards to find four-fifths of them bear the legend ‘ Printed in Germany.’ “ If any features of this matter are not clear to you, please write or telegraph me and I will promptly supply you with all information.” PRINTERS’ LEAGUE AND DISPUTES WITH UNIONS. Secretary Gregory, of the Printers’ League (New York branch), is elated at the outcome of recent differences with the unions, saying it demonstrates the feasibility of league methods and shows that so far as its influence extends the league is putting the trade on a safe and sane basis. “ Take the recent label controversy,” he remarked. “ The ■ little joker,’ as the unions call it, is the bane of many employers where there are allied trades councils. In New York it was becoming a nuisance, the council’s regu¬ lations being harsh, to say the least. The league took the matter up at the instigation of a member, with the result that it is now agreed that so long as an employer is in good standing with the league he shall not be molested in his use of the label. If anything should occur the league will have to be consulted and given an opportunity to act before the council can withdraw the label. Rightly or wrongly, many of the men are peculiarly sensitive about control of the label, and that they have taken the league into partnership, so to speak, is proof that our people have convinced even the hot heads of their sincerity of purpose and honesty of intention — that the league is living up to its motto — ‘ Justice for all.’ That is no small accomplish¬ ment in about two years in the printing trades of New York, where distrust is rife even among employers. As for employees, experience has taught them to be suspicious of every gathering of employers. To break down prejudices in that way and have the so-called ‘ natural enemies ’ cooperating on so delicate a matter as the label is a whole lot of progress. “At present we have a ticklish question on hand with the pressmen,” continued Mr. Gregory. “ It is a small matter and relates to overtime. Under the old regime the union would have issued an order, which might be all right from its standpoint, and a new precedent would be estab¬ lished on which other orders would be based. Unless an employer wished to go to the trouble of protesting, perhaps locking out his men, he might, under these circumstances, suffer an injustice. The union would necessarily act with an imperfect knowledge of his view. Now, under league reign, the matter is referred to a board consisting of three members from each organization. It will take its time, get to the bottom of things and make a decision on a majority vote. If it is unable to do that the board will elect a dis¬ interested party to consider the case and whose decision will be final. As a matter of fact, we endeavor to avoid the arbitrator, and aim to come to a decision without his aid. I notice the publishers and unions have dispensed with his services, and I don’t see why commercial printers and their employees are not the equal of newspaper men. “ There were some who thought the league too radical a departure from old methods of dealing with the labor issue to prove a success. But it is not entirely an experi¬ ment. It is modeled on the lines of the highly successful organization existing in Germany, yet modified to meet the exigencies of American commercial life, and has made steady and widefelt progress in its chosen field — the elimination of strikes and lockouts; the building up of amicable relations between the employees and their employ¬ ers; the formation of a trade court of adjustment and redress; the securing of active and continued cooperation between both classes for their mutual benefit. “A feature of the league particularly worthy of notice is that its members remain on the roll. Unlike most other organizations which endeavor to break new ground, the original membership remains intact and all unite in a steadfastness of purpose which is most encouraging to the league’s officers. “ The inquiries coming to our office are so numerous that there is talk of holding a convention this fall,” said Mr. Gregory, taking a new tack. “ Who will be repre¬ sented? That has not been determined, but all sorts of employing printers’ organizations will be invited. All may not approve of the league’s methods, but the meeting will afford them an opportunity to go over the trade ground nationally as they are doing locally. Perhaps union offi¬ cials will be asked to come also, so there may be an all¬ round discussion of the situation. If the league branches in New Jersey, Providence, Boston and Mobile cooperate, it is almost a surety something will be done to have a national pow-wow. I don’t know that the league expects to gain any great immediate benefit from this meeting. It knows the trade is not in as good shape as it ought to be; it also knows it has a remedy and is willing to do what it can to bring about better conditions. “As to business in New York — well, it is good — better than it was a couple of months ago.” DELICATELY PUT. “ The first day out was perfectly lovely,” said the young lady just back from abroad. “ The water was as smooth as glass, and it was simply gorgeous. But the second day was rough and — er — decidedly disgorgeous.” — Every¬ body's. 432 THE INLAND PRINTER BUSINESS NOTICES This department is exclusively for paid business announce¬ ments of advertisers, and for paid descriptions of articles, machinery and products recently introduced for the use of print¬ ers and the printing trades. Responsibility for all statements published hereunder rests upon the advertisers solely. THE CHALLENGE- GORDON BOOKLET, A booklet now being sent out descriptive of the Chal- lenge-Gordon job presses is an excellent piece of adver¬ tising literature. Attractively printed in black and orange, and designed to fold once and fit an ordinary envelope, its general appearance is such that it will command attention. The cover is handsomely embossed on cloth-finished stock. WORK TABLE EXTENSION FOR WIRE STITCHER. The manufacturers of the Boston Wire Stitcher (see advertisement on another page) have now ready, for the No. 3 size, a work-table extension, which makes available the entire space back of the regular work-table. The American Type Founders Company, selling agent, will for¬ ward, to those interested, literature descriptive of these excellent wire stitchers. VALUABLE PATENT FOR SALE. 0. M. Peterson, 107 West Central avenue, St. Paul, Min¬ nesota, offers for sale the patent rights on a new device which is designed to take the place of wood furniture. It is made of sheet steel, and is adjustable to nonpareil ems, and regulated by a simple attachment. The inventor claims not only the most accurate register, but a substan¬ tial reduction in the cost of furniture, and there is a con¬ siderable saving in time spent in locking up forms of any size. Full particulars will be given on direct application to Mr. Peterson. THE OFFSET PRESS. The growing interest in the possibilities of the offset press is confined to jno class. Manufacturers of printing- presses, employing printers, lithographers, pressmen and the users of printed matter are inquiring about the range of its application. The photoengraver is experimenting to adapt his art to the needs of the new medium, and that the three-color process will eventually be applicable to the offset proposition is generally admitted. The delicacy and precision of representation attainable by the offset press is exemplified by the specimen of work submitted by the Pot¬ ter Printing Press Company, page 184 of the May Inland Printer. The directness and simplicity of the mechanism of the press, the rotary principle allowing a high efficiency of production, the saving in material and minimizing the processes of operation — ■ all these considerations are very fascinating to the printer and it is openly predicted by printers of experience that the general principle of the offset press will be the prevailing one in the future. INCORPORATION OF B. & A. MACHINE WORKS. The B. & A. Machine Works, 200-202 South Clinton street, Chicago, has been incorporated, and an extension of the business is in progress. L. A. Bakke is president and Oscar Amundsen secretary and treasurer of the new cor¬ poration. The concern was established four years ago with a capital of only $850, for the repairing of printers’ and bookbinders’ machinery. A year or so ago the business of L. Martenson, a machinist at 140 Monroe street, was absorbed, and the B. & A. establishment has been growing in importance ever since. It now occupies the entire ground floor at the Clinton-street premises. Special machinery is built to order, but the chief line is the repairing of printers’ machinery, and the handling of lithographing, bronzing, book-sewing and case-making machines; also stitchers, folders, cutters and creasers, etc. The shop is well equipped and the directors of the enterprise are expe¬ rienced and capable men. USEFUL LINOTYPE TOOL. Mr. Perry E. Kent, of 115 East One Hundred and Sixty- fifth street, New York city, is the inventor of the little tool illustrated herewith. It is designed for the repair of Lino¬ type matrix combinations and is about the only device which can be used for this purpose. It is designed to take a Linotype matrix and by striking the anvil of the device a light tap with a hammer the damaged distributing-teeth can be swaged into their former shape. It will undoubt¬ edly prove a money-saver for Linotype users, and be the means of making possible the repair of many otherwise useless matrices. Mr. Kent is the inventor of several other useful devices. DE LUXE ADVERTISING. The H. J. Ormsbee Engraving Company, Syracuse, New York, recently issued one of the most sumptuous pieces of advertising that we have received. It is in the shape of a portfolio of engravings by different processes, containing numerous examples of half-tone, line and color plates. It is bound in an imported marble paper, each copy being numbered, and the name of the person or firm to whom the book is sent is inscribed on the inside of the cover. The stock used on the inner part of the portfolio — the leaves separating the different kinds of samples — is imported French hand-made paper. Altogether it is a valuable aid to the purchaser of engravings, enabling the printer to show the customer the comparative results of the different methods of handling the various lines of reproduction. THE INLAND PRINTER 433 A “CROCKER QUALITY” BOOK. “ The Hope Ranch at Santa Barbara,” a book recently from the press of the H. S. Crocker Company, San Fran¬ cisco, justifies that firm in talking of Crocker quality in printed matter. Printed in black and gray-green on white coated stock, afterward pebbled, the half-tones and text show up to excellent advantage. It is bound in boards, the cover-design being printed in buff, blue, green and black on a separate sheet and tipped on the gray-green back¬ ground of the cover. A reproduction of the latter is shown herewith, although it can not begin to do justice to the bright, snappy appearance of the original. OLD HAMPSHIRE BOND. A booklet recently sent out by the Hampshire Paper Company contains an excellent showing of high-class bond papers. Being 4% by 9 inches in size, it is of suitable pro¬ portions for showing examples of letter-heads, etc., printed on this famous brand of stock. The cover, a reproduction of which is shown herewith, is of a pleasing design with fine color effect in blue and gold on gray stock, tied with a gray-silk cord to match. It is an effective bit of adver¬ tising literature. A NEW KEYSTONE TYPE. From the Keystone Type Foundry has recently come one of the most artistic and attractive booklets that we have received in some time. It is issued for the purpose of showing the new Harris roman series, named in honor of the late Joel Chandler Harris. As a fitting text, the book¬ let contains excerpts from the “ Uncle Remus and Brer’ Rabbit ” stories, attractively illustrated, the illustrations being printed in a soft gray tint. Typographically, the booklet is all that could be desired, the various page arrangements being full of suggestions for the printer. UNUSUAL EMBOSSING EFFECTS. A catalogue recently issued by the Kewanee Water Sup¬ ply Company, Kewanee, Illinois, is notable for the extraor¬ dinarily fine embossing on its cover. The trade-mark of the company, the chief feature of which is an Indian’s head, is embossed, without any color whatever, on a reddish- brown cover. The reproduction shown herewith will give some idea of the depth of embossing and strength of design. The balance of the catalogue is excellent in design and mechanical execution, and reflects great credit upon the Binner- Wells Company, whose imprint it bears. STRATHMORE QUALITY. The Mittineague Paper Company has for a long time set the pace for high-class advertising. Among the makers of the best in high-grade papers, they firmly believe in using the best in their own publicity campaigns. Their latest booklet, showing stocks for announcements and sta¬ tionery, is a most ornate affair, consisting of twelve leaves and cover of heavy folding cover-stock, the specimens of announcement sheets and envelopes being tipped on the leaves. Numerous shades, tints and qualities of stock are shown. The cover is handsomely embossed, and the mechan¬ ical execution of the booklet is above criticism. 434 THE INLAND PRINTER AN EXCELLENT SPECIMEN BOOK. The American Type Founders Company has recently issued a new specimen book, known as “ Supplement to the American Line Type Book.” It is a book of some 250 pages, 6% by 10% inches, and filled with the latest Amer¬ ican type-faces, borders, etc. From- the standpoint of the job-printer the book is extremely interesting, owing to the numerous excellent designs shown in illustrating the mate¬ rial. Rarely does the foundry catalogue contain the wealth of originality in design shown in this volume. A FABLE. Once Upon a Time there was a Man Who had a Bun. He did not Get this Bun all at Once, but Accumulated It in Sections at Various Bun Factories. At Last He Went into a Place and Began to Add Largely to His Rapidly Growing Bun. A Gentleman entered Wearing in His Buttonhole a Huge Chrysanthemum. He of the Bun, did He Turneyround and see the Chrysanthemum? He Did. He not Only Saw It, but Went to It. With a Salt Shaker in Hand, He Sprinkled Salt on the Chrysanthemum and Proceeded to Eat it from the Lapel, much as a Goat Would a Poster from a Blank Wall. The Gentleman was also Collecting a Bun and Thought it Part of the Program. When the Man Finished Eating, He did Turneyround and said: “ Besht Salad Ever Tasted.” Moral — Don’t think everything is succulent because it looks green. — New York Times Chapel Program. LLDYFFLLANLLRAETHLL. It has taken a tiny local earthquake to reveal one of the world’s most extraordinary words. A very minor seismic shock rattled and tumbled the homes of those that dwell in Lldyffllanllraethll. Lldyffllanllraethll is a town in Wales — where else? The piteous disaster can not blur the amazement with which we face the name of that town and wind our tongue lovingly about its labials; lapping up the consonants, as the great ant-eater of Australia col¬ lects on his gummy tongue the little angry red ants that lie in his path. There has been no such name cast up in the face of the public — eight l’s, sliding off into y’s and ff’s with the grace of the late Mr. Swinburne’s saccharine son¬ nets — since the reek dramatist affronted his Athenians with the word that played with the kappas till the line overflowed. — Collier’s. THE MOST VERSATILE EDITOR. The Wolf Lake (Ind.) Trolley has suspended publica¬ tion. The Rev. R. B. Wood was the publisher and he was known over a large part of Indiana as the most versatile of editors. He could write an editorial, gather news items, preach a sermon, deliver a lecture or crank a hand press. It is said he failed to make the Trolley pay. Citizens of the village will make an effort to get the paper started and on its feet again. — Editor and Publisher. ADVICE TO THE CHRONIC DEBATER. Get busy and stay busy. When you drop your work to argue something with your neighbor workman you lose in proficiency and you lose financially if you work by the piece and you will lose your job if you get the foreman’s atten¬ tion in this manner too often. Your fellow workman loses, too, because you butt in on his time, and you make yourself an all around nuisance; so get busy. It pays. — Reflector. PRESENT STATUS OF THE TYPEFOUNDING ART AND BUSINESS. The typefounders are not now so much in evidence in printing-trade papers as in former years. They prefer to exhibit their specimens by mail direct and to talk with the printer chiefly by the same method. OPPOSITION TO THE TYPEFOUNDING INDUSTRY. Much competition with typefounding has developed, and this being largely on novel lines, to a great extent experimental, particularly as relates to the demonstration of actual economies, greater attention has been given to it in trade-paper discussion, so that the more silent, firmly established typemaking industry may seem to many to be somewhat overshadowed. It can be said authoritatively, however, that the typefounding industry of the United States never had so great an output as at present. Pros¬ pects for continued increase of product, based on continued annual expansion, were never so positive. This favorable status, despite opposing industries, may be accounted for by the enormous and constantly accelerating increase of the printing industry and also by the fact now conceded by all who have closely studied the matter that for good grades of printing hand composition or composition with typefounder’s type is no more expensive* than machine composition, to say the least, and the product from type¬ founders’ type has a decided superiority. ACHIEVEMENTS OF AMERICAN TYPEFOUNDING. On the artistic side typefounding in the United States excels in this period all previous achievements. A com¬ parison of contemporary type-faces with those of fifteen years ago will convince any doubter. Current popular type-faces are the results of scientific study unknown in the previous history of this art. As a consequence we find all typemaking countries in Christendom following Amer¬ ican type fashions, and, broadly speaking, producing noth¬ ing original in design. We except Germany, where great originality has developed in modifying the Fraktur char¬ acters toward the Roman, a movement useful only to Germanic countries in their revolt against the orthodox Fraktur as a text or body letter. We use the term “ origi¬ nality ” in relation to dominating achievements. Every typefoundry has some originality, but if it is shown only in minor achievements we can not be so analytical as to include it in that class which produces such dominating achievements in type-design as the De Vinnes, Chelten- hams, Century Expanded and other type families, which decisively determine the style of typography in the period in which they are produced. A typefoundry which bases its claim to “ originality ” upon two or three series of scripts or a series or two for card printing and which in its major product is imitative — which follows the lead of its competitors — can not in any broad and reasonable view be held to be distinguished by “ originality.” ORIGINALITY AND ITS VALUE TO THE PRINTER. There is in the typemaking industry of the world only one typefounding concern that has not imitated or copied the work of its competitors. For fifteen years it has set the fashions in type for the world. No better means for ascertaining the measure of the advance in typemaking presents itself than a study of the book, “ Supplement to the American Line Type Book, 1909,” American Type Founders Company, fifty thousand of which are now being * The Bulletin of the United Typothetae for April, 1909, gives, as the result of careful investigation in several cities, a “ composite ” statement of average costs, based on an eight-hour day, showing that of hand composition to be $1.15 per hour ; machine composition, $1.63. THE INLAND PRINTER 435 distributed. It represents the completed progressive work of three years. All the type borders and ornaments in its 246 pages are original or newly cut extensions of success¬ ful original series shown in the greater complete specimen book, “American Line Type Book, 1906,” issued by the American Type Pounders Company. These two books, which are offered to every employing printer, exhibit the greatest achievements in typemaking, but we intend now to consider only the supplement of 1909. Printers who select from this supplement are assured of originality. Everything in it emanated from the brains employed by the American Type Founders Company. Printers know that the type families which give superior character to American typography are chiefly the Chelten- hams, Century Expanded and Bold, the De Vinnes and Jensons. These and many other type-faces of the Amer¬ ican Type Founders Company have been imitated, but always unsuccessfully. It is not necessary to enumerate the imitative series, but they can easily be exhibited to those who may challenge this fact. The printer who buys the imitations pays fully as much for these products of third or fourth rate brains, and the results the printer obtains by using them show an impoverishment of style which reflects on the ability of the user, and condemns his work in the eyes of intelligent purchasers of printing. THE DETERMINATION TO LEAD. This progressive spirit is not satisfied with producing the newer and predominating type-faces, but is constantly active in improving the older, staple faces, the Gothics, Antiques, Romans, Texts or Blacks, etc. Considering the general excellences of the earlier staple faces of the Amer¬ ican Type Founders Company, we can justly find no other incentive to this work and the great expenditures it involves than the conscientious determination to be the leader in all things small or great connected with type¬ founding. The typographer who will carefully examine the new designs of Gothics and Antiques, Texts and Scripts, Type¬ writer and Copperplate, Romans, will find in all of them new beauty, that harmony of color in all sizes of a series which is now a distinctive quality peculiar to this com¬ pany, perfect and therefore liberal gradation of sizes, and consistency of design in each group or family. Several series are graded from 6-point as high as 120-point and 144-point, the largest types cast. In Scripts the improvement is very marked. Perfection in adaptability from the new extremely bold Commercial Script to the new Medial Script, the recently adopted school text-book style, is equaled by perfection in grace, spacing and workmanship. Where every page presents something new it is impos¬ sible to particularize closely. Examination of the supple¬ ment can alone disclose the advance, but a few lines are merited by the extremely graceful circular type-faces dis¬ tinguished by the name of Tiffany (Upright, Slope, Shaded and Script) ; also Engravers’ Shaded and Wedding Text, which, added to numerous other series designed for printing for social occasions, really appear to make com¬ petition hopeless, rivaling the best work of the copperplate engraver. In addition to all these new faces there are in this sup¬ plement several pages of ornaments and decorative pieces which combine artistic correctness with more snap than we have ever before seen in cast ornaments. Some of these are quite large. Some are 26 by 8 picas, but large or small, all are cast in type-molds, ever so much better in quality than the electrotyped ornaments commonly sold by type¬ founders and costing less. At least, here is something new in decorative materials. NEW FACES. Two noticeable new type-designs are shown in the sup¬ plement for the first time, Clearface Bold, with its Italic, and Century Old Style. These are the commencements of two new type families which will increase the number of dominating type families produced by this great type- foundry. A FEW STATISTICS. It may interest printers to know that this fifty thou¬ sand edition of the supplement was done entirely in the §upplnwnt to ftr tntfrifan Jin? to? ®00l printing department of the company at Jersey City in twelve weeks. It includes several forms in colors. The book is an example of everyday excellent printing, done quickly in a printing-office perfectly equipped for high- grade printing. Every machine and appliance and, of course, the type and materials in it, are those sold by the American Type Founders Company, and therefore the very best procurable. The regular “American Line Speci¬ men Book of 1906 ” is still effective in every page. The two books required 215 tons of paper and would fill twelve freight cars of regulation size. FALL OF THE MIGHTY. “ Teddy bears at half price,” is a shop-window sign that carries its own moral. — Providence Journal. 436 THE INLAND PRINTER WANT ADVERTISEMENTS. FOR SALE weli ^JB PRS;E^w«to ££«*%£ i be gooJ prln“J|! “J ^S§5^£i5SflS F0UiLl y^tesutm^gasm e photoengraving plant The Printer Can Not Afford to use a substitute or a weak gold ink on a high-class job. C * A D A TVD^ IS A PERFECT GOLD \JI£\ yj J jf i INK of tested quality— an ink which, when used, will retain its brilliant luster. The best printing establishments of the country are using “ OROTYP ” and pronounce it the most perfect and satisfactory gold ink they have ever used. It is not an experiment. Suppose you give it a test ? Write to-day for samples, prices, etc. Manufactured in four shades : Light Gold, Deep Gold, Aluminum and Copper. THE CANADIAN BRONZE POWDER WORKS MONTREAL TORONTO VALLEYFI ELD Distributing Agent for United States JAS. H. FURMAN, 36 La Salle St., Chicago, iff. THE INLAND PRINTER 437 FOR SALE. w c' T' m^ssss^ SUPERINTENDENT, _ ^^^^,^01^ and, and o^tegarwaHB«K ii* tssssr p"" 22 ^ Uo^»^n^gtur£;^i ^Z^tthlnZlt! %Z&£ COMPLETE ELECTROTYPE PLANT FOR SALE; all modem equipment; gmsggsmt&s FOi^~s 01 ,le ■6ov'’ ™m™y' 8SS- 25 5fSI3ip5rms»rw;3 Salesmen. ^risSHfeli . “^ItSATO'-' ”a 21 52 c“teyi “ ^sn^or house for western and Ifipss^s- £S: “fr ro?rsi»s.^L‘z rsf g“- gf*- e“d “ EI^Wrbt^Efor ^ci?eular7 T WE^TORN StbffiW°I1Y(?RK)0 Ij Uf OTYPE™ SCHOOL, “SiMWVu VS^| l^i^S;. LIN°- SSsS*«^ HELP WANTED. MISCELLANEOUS. Artists. 1 TLpL ™LL.Y0U how.ft.° makera„n£Ttinm lepCer “d drier ?T?ined; l£ . 5SK^Skfe* WffKS E“‘°“ thTc»l^»g»^g^ So. letterin/ ^Sg J2SWS£ TSK Bookbinders. All-around Men. IMPOSE^ and all-around man in book and Job office is open for situation. plants Bookbinders. AN w^Ato °chalge BOg°oodB re °rEencesCaPFbl457?£ ^ *“*• °f Wndery’ FIRST-CLASS label embosser wanted ; good prospects. F 221. Engravers. “ande diln6,Ct ary. F 250. ^Vulcan K p4@s5io“11®’1a£w",Ii *“*"**“' THE DiIT0N SSfWS STSi1IS,e‘Sg|,^S.ai'l’m' - “Bi 10 rga^Ma^igfs mwmmmg °^^ig fast’ thor°ush me- Photogravure. Fasg£rsr,., OTSiWgag ya.g-^ag s 438 THE INLAND PRINTER atl'l'1JA'l'IOINat WAlNItSU. - A^T process ; X JSS “asg “i “1OT0,k' “r“ “ Gummed Papers. ”^42?SfirS«SaJ5r uSi.'T2a!" “d J°s/Sr^u^d^.pl^t Eng- °?ir- Ink Manufacturers. RAY, WILLIAM H., PRINTING INK MFG. CO., 735-7-9 E. 9th st.^ New Stereotypers. ULLMAN-PHILPOTT CO., THE, office and works, 1592 Merwin st., N.AV., A pSn efther ^foreman o^foumeS® f'bY g°°d re£erenCeS WantS Machinery. WANTED TO PURCHASE. BARNHART BROTHERS & SPINDLER^ Chicago. New, rebuilt. - ^9 - *"a ■“* tri” BUSINESS DIRECTORY. Advertising Novelties of Wood. SZS™6 C0NCERN’ JameSt0Wn’ N‘ W- RUi-ioand Motors and Accessories for Printing Machinery. na"ta’ t^iic l fcjyat sSi^gvx p- Bookbinders* Supplies. Paper Cutters SLADE, ^ HXPPp&eMELOY, Incpd., 139 Lake st., Chicago. Also paper-box DES SRa^neS Brass Rule and Brass Galleys. M,k*" 01 "'.r- 0S!KS of -£g in IN^tro^^^AjE ^color^ ^oMss'piatra?' lloGli O^Shennaii SstfnCMcago.ai2-9^eC" NEW NINE o, b„-«li,>, published b, H. E. Sud.h C.„ I„d, , ..polls, M. THE^ FRANKLIN CO., 346-350 Dearborn st., Chicago. Photoengravers^and SHNIEDEWEND, PAUL, * CO., Chicago. 7-9 Photoengravers’ Screens. SHEPARD, THE H. 0., CO., 120-130 Sherman st., Chicago. Write for esti- LEVY, MAX, Wayne av. and Berkeley st., Wayne Junction, Philadelphia, - - Chase Manufacturers - Presses. BAchaNsfsART BR°THERS & SPINDLER’ Chicag°- Electricwelded7 steel Copper and Zinc Prepared for Half-tone and Zinc Etching. H°EndRmaS A^ YoVk A^58TDeaBbmmC^RRCMcagoATSath> finish^ piates!* NaSSaU ^6-9^ 143 SeaSfom sL’ eleCtr°typerS stereotypes machmery. Chicago^, TH<£K &pSs^2d New York; Fishei^dg" DUfor^ali Jesses. '^^lann'co'unter J'of various^y^es.0" See^dvL °g m^e_gines Printers- Blocks. ^"son^mtent WockSi^regdster'hooks^^rtional^nd^ma^ogany^blocksf^O-J^^ B AR^B^umRRtvTO1-revolutionRand>B£^R’new3 presses.011 AlsoStrelmntamachhS! Printers- Machinery and Materials. Electrotypers and Stereotypers. McCAFPERTY, H„ 141 E. 25th st., New York. 3-10 BINGHAM BROTHERS COMPANY, 406 Pearl st., New York; also 413 Commerce st., Philadelphia. 10-9 Embossers and Engravers-Copper and Steel. BUE SS^i&S Embossing Composition. mirsk- 2SSS.lt1 WI lishe* SlT8ErNS’ IN0-’ 5 Purchase St” COr' High’ B0St0n’ MaSS- 2-?0tab‘ THE INLAND PRINTER 439 ggg ^'^BagLa ba™ 1 Congress st inics, a INCREASE YOUR BUSINESS— WE FURNISH THE GLOBE SPECIAL MACHINERY CO. PRINTERS’, BOOKBINDERS’ AND ELECTROTYPERS’ MACHINERY Day and night force. No < , CHICAGO. CARBON PAPER TALKS Did it ever occur to you that there is good, clean money handling WHITFIELD’S CLEAN CARBON PAPER? The business public are taking short cuts^across their old bus n Paper as a time-saver. Do you know how to talk :t the good from the bad ? Our illustrated catalogue is a Carbon Paper They us and sele__ .. encyclopedia, the discounts we offer are very liberal. Get after this businc now, don’t balk at it. WHITFIELD CARBON PAPER WORKS, 346 Broadway, New York, N.Y. We are Manufacturers of the Highest Grade of “LINO” “AUTO” “STEREO” “ELECTRO” “MONO” “COMPOSO” TYPE METAL Keg. U. Merchant & Evans Company (Successor to Merchant & Co., Inc.) Smelters and Refiners MAKING GOOD! CUTS for ADVERTISERS To Users of the Monotype Machine COLONIAL COMPANY D IXON’S No. 635 should be used on Lino- there is friction. Write for free sample 157. JOSEPH DIXON CRUCIBLE CO., J DURANT MODEL B JOB PRESS COUNTERS Can be furnished with simple attachments for perfect o on all sizes and makes of platen presses. **-« B The W. N. DURANT COMPANY, H SUMMER ROLLERS HgM CINCINNATI, OHIO. We use the latest up-to-date GATLING GUN system in casting, with the finest steel moulds, and make solid, perfect rollers by the best u Universal Wire Loop WIRE LOOP MFG. CO. (Successors to Universal Wire Loop Co.) IN 3 COLORS YOU PRINT THEM - SHOW WHAT YOU CAN DO IN YOUR OWN SHOP A UR Color Designs for printers’ blotters furnish the up-to-date v printer with a splendid means of advertising his business in¬ expensively, effectively and productively. They are a credit to the printer and never fail to bring in business. Particulars free. Write today, on your letterhead: CHAS. L. STILES, Columbus, Ohio PRINTERS Write on your business letter-head to R.CARLETON ENGRAVING COMPANY, Omaha, Neb., for the Latest Copyright— LODGE CUT CATALOGUE Book, “When Papa Rode the Goat.” Colored plates. Many fearful things. 15 cents by mail, to printers only. issoc/ated AdvertisingClubs ) 2 America / Auld’s Bodygum ranted to make ai HAMPTON AULD, 798 Mt. Prospec ie, NEWARK, N. J. Geo. W. Lewis, Selling Agent . 628 E. 135th Street, New York Geo. Russell Reed Co., Inc., Exclusive Western Agents, 645 Battery Street, San Francisco, Cal. L. E. Davis - -- -- -- - 5332 Delancey Street, Philadelphia, Pa. “Rou^hin^” for,he 0 MACHINE, Trade pleased to fill orders from those desiring this a ROUGHING , and should be - - - ,.„J - - Three-color half, 2 pictures, gold-bronze printing, and, in fact, high-grade work of any cnaracter, is much improved by giving it this stippled effect. All work given prompt attention. Prices on application. Correspondence invited. THE HENRY O. SHEPARD COMPANY 120-130 Sher CHICAGO PROMPT AND EXPERT = KNIFE-GRINDING SERVICE ===== We make a specialty of Paper Cutter and Lithograph Stone Knife grinding. E. C. KEYSER, 300 Dearborn Street. CHICAGO (’Phone, Harrison 7594) WE PAY THE HIGHEST PRICE FOR WASTE PAPER Send us sample to-day and see how We pay the freight. We can use your v many $ $ $ $ $ $ you can gain, waste paper no matter where you are. GUGLIUGCI PAPER CO., 3, 5, 7, 9 Adie Street, PROVIDENCE, R. I. The only practical method of making Overlays is on a cylinder or platen press for immediate use. That is where overlays are used ; why not make them there ? Why etch, heat or dry overlays in sheets and paste them on? LITTLE’S PERFECT OVERLAY solves the problem. Half pound, $3.00; pound, $5.00 — prepaid. Liberal discounts on larger quantities. THE PERFECT OVERLAY CO. : : York, Nebraska FOR SALE —NEW PATENT Printers waiting for it! Simple device to take the place of wood furniture. Made from sheet steel; adjusted to nonpareil ems; regulated by small attachment shown on left end of cut. Practical and durable. No furniture case to replenish every week. No trouble in locking up forms, large or small. Accurate register obtained. For particulars, address — O. M. PETERSON, 107 W. Central Ave., Saint Paul, Minn. Here’s What One Printer Says About R.R.B, Padding Glue: j “We have used your R. R. B. Padding Glue for over ten years and have found it superior to any other that we have tried.”— PUSEY & CO., New York. the United States and I ROBT. R. BURRAGE 83 Gold Street, New York ^/I Modern Monthly — About TATEK. npHE PAPER DEALER gives the wanted information on the general and technical sub- iect0‘ $aper It will enable the printer to keep posted on paper, to buy advanta¬ geously, and to save money on his paper purchases. No dollar could be spent more profitably for a year’s reading. Printed on enamel book paper. SPECIAL 0 FFER-En^oseea_dollar UH, or ^ tamps, head, and remit at our risk, and receive the paper for the year of 1909 and also a copy of our book, f‘Helps to Profitable Paper Selling.” Uh e PAPER. DEALER 155 WASHINGTON STREET, CHICAGO 440 « §1-8 1 111? I 1 2 -3 -if 1 •; 3-!5 n0 Ho ! tS g-jj 1433 2 ^ S S g 1?^ 3|3 ' If It’s a POTTER It’s The Best The name POTTER on Printing Machinery is a guarantee of highest excellence. Three Sizes 28 34 30 42 34 44 POTTER ROTARY OFFSET PRESS. Simplest , Strongest, Surest , Greatest Efficiency, Least Trouble, Either Hand or Automatic Feed. Potter Printing Press Co. PLAINFIELD, N. J. D. H. CHAMPLIN, 342 Rand-McNally Bldg., Chicago, Western Sales Agent. 441 The Star Composing Stick is Perfect, But--” --The Steel WEDGE LOCK Makes It Better Our May announcement in 1'he Inland Printer created a big demand for the improved STAR COMPOSING STICK. The original was so perfect that many asked the question, “ How could you improve it ? ” Here is the “ why.” By a recent improvement in the locking device (the thumb-screw) of the movable knee, we have added another advantage. THE WEDGE LOCK, being a steel wedge placed between the knee-band and knee, guided by slot, quickly operated with thumb, instantly forces locking device into mesh. A more rapid action and far more convenient. With this improvement the Compositor will have the most perfect composing stick manufactured. This adjustable stick, graduated, can not slip; is instantly set, and is not affected by any amount of ‘‘ squeeze.” A perfectly reliable, rigid knee, absolutely accurate, convenient and “comfortable.” Made of high-grade polished materials, beautifully finished, in popular sizes. You do not find all these good points in others. It saves “ kicks ” because no time is lost fussing around trying to set a truly rectangular form. Once set, it can not slip. It is lighter and neater, more convenient to handle, less tiresome than any other stick. Graduated to half-ems, it has no eccentric movement. It can not be wedged out of measure by tight spacing. The grooves will not be worn by continued use. It has the proper allowance for “ squeeze” to make lines lift when locked up with machine-set matter. Manufactured in both nickel-plated steel and brass. Send for our new booklet. FOR SALE BY SUPPLY HOUSES GENERALLY THE STAR TOOL MFG. COMPANY 17 West Washington Street, Springfield, Ohio, U. S. A. Avoid Costly Shutdowns The amount of work turned out in a day determines the efficiency of your plant. Motors that will keep your machines in operation 24 hours in every day, if necessary, are the kind that keep your plant efficiency and its output at a maximum. Hawthorn Motors are rugged, strong and reliable. They are conservatively rated and will carry their full loads 24 hours every day if called upon to do so. By equipping your machines with Haw¬ thorn Motors you are assured of their continuous operation. Write for our Bulletin No. 2214 on Power Equipment for Printing Offices. 442 PRIOR’S AUTOMATIC $I)oto §j>cale SHOWS PROPORTION AT A GLANCE No figuring — no chance for error. Will show exact proportion of any size photo or drawing— any size plate. SIMPLE — ACCURATE. Being transparent, may be placed upon proofs of cuts, etc., and number of square inches de¬ termined without figuring. Price, $2.00. Sent postpaid, on receipt of price, by The Inland Printer Co. 130 Sherman Street .... CHICAGO 1729 Tribune Building, NEW YORK The Morse Adjustable Gage Pin ACCURATE AND RELIABLE Half Dozen, 60c. One Dozen, $1.15 Mailed postage paid upon receipt of price. THE MORSE GAGE PIN CO. SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y., U. S. A. FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS GET FACTS \so NOT FISH STORIES WHEN YOU ARE BUYING BLOCKS. Let us show you and we will leave it to your judgment who you will place your order with. IF YOU WANT HOOKS OR BLOCKS FOR ANY PURPOSE, WRITE US MANUFACTURED AND FOR SALE BY THE WARNOCK- TOWNER CO., 334 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO MENTGES “IMPROVED” FOLDER - CONSTRUCTED SUBSTANTIALLY — BUILT TO STAND THE TEST SOLD ON ITS MERITS - Information on request. Prices and Terms reasonable. = 1 1 = MENTGES FOLDER COMPANY . . . SIDNEY, OHIO Printers should know these few Points about the WARNOCK HOOK Special Features — Milled Steel Rollers. Spring Cushion Boxes. Polished Steel Folding Knives with saw¬ tooth edges. Gear-driven Paster. Gripper Straightener. Back Retarders. Eccentric Push Packer that slides in a Bab¬ bitted Journal. Special Features — Polished Steel Supple¬ ment Table. Five-ply Maple-faced Iron-enforced Feed- Table, etc. Entirely gear-driven. Equipped with Bab¬ bitted Journals throughout. Cast-iron Frame, Double Cap— screwed together. Individual T ape Stands. 443 ELECTRIC MOTORS for DRIVING PRINTING PRESSES and allied machines PROGRESSIVE Printers, Engravers and others progress more rapidly when they use Sprague Electric Motors. These motors save power ex¬ pense, floor space, light, stock and labor. A glance at our Bulletin No. 2294 will convince you of the popularity of our equipments. Let us send you a copy. Nothing is too small or too large for us to equip. SPRAGUE ELECTRIC COMPANY General Offices: 527 West 34th St., New York City BRANCH OFFICES: Chicago, St. Louis, Milwaukee, Boston, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Pittsburg, Atlanta, New Orleans, San Trancisco, Seattle Reducol Compound Prevents offsetting and eliminates slip¬ sheeting. Prevents pulling and picking on coated paper. Keeps your rollers from heating. Can be used with Press or Litho Inks. : MANUFACTURED BY INDIANA CHEMICAL COMPANY INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA ■ ■ - - -■= FOR SALE BY =■■■ AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO . All Branches J. E. LINDE PAPER CO . New York City, Newark CHAS. BECK PAPER CO . Philadelphia, Pa. ALLING & CORY . . Buffalo, Rochester, Pittsburg LOUISVILLE PAPER CO . Louisville, Ky. H. & W. B. DREW CO . Jacksonville, Fla. BARNHART BROS. & SPINDLER . . Chicago, III. A. F. WANNER & CO . Chicago, III. THE PRINTING MACHINERY CO. . . Cincinnati, Ohio G. C. DOM SUPPLY CO . Cincinnati, Ohio GREAT WESTERN TYPE FOUNDRY Kansas City and Omaha C. R. GETHERCO . Milwaukee, Wis. JOHN LESLIE PAPER CO . Minneapolis, Minn. C. I. JOHNSON MFG. CO . St. Paul, Minn. ZENITH PAPER CO . Duluth, Minn. WESTERN NEWSPAPER UNION . . Des Moines, Iowa H. N. RICHMOND PAPER CO . Seattle and Tacoma TORONTO TYPE FOUNDRY CO. Ltd. . . -j Toko^o^Montreal, JOHNSTON PAPER CO . . . Harrisburg, Pa. GEO. RUSSELL REED CO . San Francisco, Cal. T. W. & C. B. SHERIDAN CO . London, Eng. The Tucker AUTOMATIC REGISTER GAGE PRESSES It will automatically pull each sheet to a perfect alignment, whether it is fed to it or not. The worst feeder in your pressroom can not help feeding to a perfect register independent of the speed of the press. Greatly increases the output. Is put on or taken off instantly; works with or without the gripper; is almost indestructible. Made in two sizes. PRICE = = = = = $5.00 FOR SALE B V A L L DEALERS AND TUCKER FEEDER COMPANY Successors to Tucker Bros. Co. 1 Madison Avenue = = = = = = NEW YORK cuts and electrotypes can’t I llPQT show good results without J. lie UCOl the use o{ really good Printers’ Inks which fasten the cuts to the paper and are more important than the harness which connects horse and wagon. HUBER’S are the best, best working and best looking printing inks. Made from HUBER’S cele¬ brated colors and HUBER’S own best varnishes, scientifically and harmoniously combined, they will permit the printer to turn out the most and the best work that the press is capable of doing. Ask for catalogue. MANUFACTURER OF J. M. Huber Dry Colors, Pulp Colors Varnishes and Printing Inks 350 Dearborn Street - - CHICAGO JOHN MIEHLE, Jr., Manager BOSTON PHILADELPHIA ST. LOUIS 3 Pearl Street 206 South Fifth Street 1 13-1 15 Vine Street 150 Worth Street and 3, 4, 5, 6 Mission Place, NEW YORK HUBER’S Colors in use since 1780 444 Are you about to start a newspaper or buy one already started? If so, you should have The Inland Printer Company, Publishers 1 20- 1 30 Sherman St., Chicago 1729 Tribune Bldg., New York ESTABLISHING A NEWSPAPER BY O. F. BYXBEE The best work on this subject published. It is a hand¬ book not only for the prospective publisher, but includes suggestions for the financial advancement of existing daily and weekly journals. It is 5 x8 inches in size, contains 1 14 pages, is bound in cloth and neatly printed. Sent postpaid to any address on receipt of price, 5o cts. Send at once before edition is exhausted. Circular telling all about it sent free. The American Steel & Copper Plate Co 116 NASSAU STREET, NEW YORK HEADQUARTERS FOR PHOTO-ENGRAVERS’ SUPPLIES LAKE SUPERIOR COPPER SATIN FINISH BRAND Standard Dragons Blood Pink Topping Powder Russell Etching Powder Perfection Etching and Film Inks Superior Charcoal REQUISITE / l^iyjlMMM Le Pages Clarified Glue Extra Quality Proving Inks Louis De Jongs Proving Papers Rubber Bound stle and Camels Hai IDEAL PRINTING 97 QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, E. C. LONDON, ENG. 358 DEARBORN STREET CHICAGO, ILL. IFYOU KNEW yrom eui/tu&d experieace tkevt THE INLAND-WALTON ENGRAVING COMPANY were turning out the best Engravings obtainable nnd tfm tkeir service wa5 absolutely maurpwed would you hesitate to piece your orders witk tken\. TRY ONCE AND BE CONVINCED The Inland-Walton Engraving Co. OR.IGINATOR.fi OF WALTON 12-0 -13 0 l5HE1^IMAN vS T. <3T"T I O V G O 446 Fastest Presses in the JVorld! HIGH-SPEED GOSS STRAIGHTLINE Go and see them at the Times-Star , Cincinnati, Ohio. Cutting and folding at marvelous speed accomplished by entirely new folding devices lately patented and solely owned by THE GOSS PRINTING PRESS CO. These valuable improvements Press can be plated without removing rollers. . ... . 7 Patented Ink rountain, adjusting screws all at end of fountain. in addition to Speed l All Roller Sockets automatically locked. Positively can not cut ribbons upon collecting. Design and Construction positively prevent breaking of webs. Not merely an advertisement, but demonstrated daily by presses in actual operation at the Cincinnati Times-Star. THE ONLY SEXTUPLE PRESSES IN THE WORLD PRINTING A DAILY NEWSPAPER AT THE FOLLOWING MARVELOUS SPEED 72,000 papers per hour of four, six, eight, ten or twelve pages. 54,000 papers per hour of sixteen pages. 36,000 papers per hour of fourteen, eighteen, twenty, twenty-two or twenty-four pages. 18,000 papers per hour of twenty-eight or thirty-two pages. — . . - = PATENTED AND MANUFACTURED BY THE GOSS PRINTING PRESS CO. CHICAGO NEW YORK CITY Main Office and Factory, 16th St. and Ashland Ave. Metropolitan Building, No. 1 Madison Avenue LONDON — 90 Fleet Street 447 Hoe No. 8 Stop-cylinder Press driven by Frame No. 7'/2, 5 H. P. Motor Economical Power Motors directly connected to the machines are the most economical and the most effi¬ cient form of power. You pay for just the power you use. When the machine is idle you do not have a system of shafts and belts eating up your profit. Our policy of specialization has made the Robbins & M vers STANDARD Motors (Direct Current , All Purposes , Vso to 15 H. P.) mperior to any otfier sma^ll motor on the market. We have a supply ssassstr**"” Nuernberger=Rettig Sortcaster USES ANY MAKE MA T N. & R. LINO. MONO. COMPOSO. FOUNDRY AND CASTS SOLID TYPE A Simplified Foundry Caster No Molds to Adjust No Grooving Knives Molds Water Cooled LINE - SET- HEIGHT- BODY Same at all times PAMPHLET AND SAMPLES ON REQUEST Universal Automatic Typecasting Machine Co. Carroll Ave. and Sheldon St., Chicago DANISH BOND has become so well known by commercial men that every printer should carry it in stock. You can not afford to offer a substitute. THE QUALITY OF PAPER suggested and used by the local printer is of vital importance. Danish Bond is a fixed standard — a quality meeting the requirements of the most discriminating. DANISH BOND is a leader among all bond papers — very strong and durable, carried in nine dis¬ tinctive colors and white. Sample sheet will be supplied by your nearest agent, or write to us direct. B. D. RISING PAPER COMPANY HOUS ATONIC, BERKSHIRE COUNTY, MASS. Makers of the well-known Housatonic. Barrington and Danish Bond, Linen and Ledger Papers. 448 The Miller Universal Saw Trimmer - - $300 The machine illustrated at the right is the style that has f heen advertised in this publication for many months — the original Miller Saw Trimmer, called ''Universal" because it has ,, universal scope — working vertically, horizontally and at angles. It Saws and Trims at One and the Same Operation — and its functions are as follows: Saws and trims cuts, type and linotype slugs. Saws and trims brass rule, reglet, furniture. Bevels cuts. Mitres cuts, slugs and brass rule. Does outside mortising. Splits, saws and trims every item that enters into the printing form. Is equipped for application of . Router and Jig Saw attachment and other appliances which enlarge its scope to Routing, Drilling, Surfacing, Planing X* ^TPe Hi§h- Key and Inside Mortising and Jig Sawing \ on cuts, electros and stereos. ^ Delivers Its Entire Product “ Exact to American Point Measurement 1 I ’HIS is identical with the above, except that by * eliminating the vertical table movement, the machine’s scope is confined to the following functions: Sawing Cutting Linotype Slugs, Squaring Cuts, Trimming Mitering Cuts, Slugs and Brass Rule, Mitering all to point measure and at one opera¬ tion. These representing the most frequently re- t quired and greatest labor-saving items, the "Special | Y Purpose" is preferred in some shops to the costlier but more comprehensive Universal type. Either Machine on Thirty Days Trial Ask Us Today for Complete Information. Miller Saw-Trimmer Co. Milwaukee In addition to this universal type, the same machine is made without the vertical working features. This type shown at the left is called The Miller “Special Purpose’ ign pat. and pending appli¬ cations, controlled exclusively by Mil¬ ler Saw-T rimmer Co., who will vigorously pro¬ tect its rights 450 The Press You Have Been Waiting For! “ Built by the People who Know How 99 Send for New Descriptive Circular, Prices and Full Information New York Office 41 Park Row Walter Scott & Co. PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A. Chicago Office Monadnock Block SCOTT ROTARY OFFSET PRESS MADE IN THREE SIZES No. 2 — 28 X 38 No. 3 — 32 X 46 No. 4 — 36 x 50 OTHER SIZES BUILT TO ORDER Patented Features Automatic Trips for Impres¬ sion and Transfer Cylinders. Hand or Automatic Feed. Any style or make of feeder can be applied. Correctly proportioned Cylin¬ ders for absolute register at high speed. Finest Ink Distribution with correctly proportioned rol¬ lers and cylinders to give greatest distributing effect. Positive control of sheet from feeding until it is delivered. New Blanket Reels with indi¬ vidual clamp adjustment to perfectly tighten blanket. Quick-action Plate Clamps ad¬ justable at both ends. Finest Water Distribution with vibrating brass roller and minute adjustment. Instantaneous Ink and Water Roll Throw-offs. Perfect Sheet Delivery. 451 * Bind your Inland Printers /nl- with an ARNOLD SECURITY BINDER ICC. I I I/I # 1C Artistic Simp/e Durable NO TOOLS, PUNCHING OR STITCHING - YOUR HANDS THE ONLY TOOLS THE “ARNOLD SECURITY BINDER” is the modern method of keeping your magazines together and in good condition. It has the finished appearance of a bound book and is the ideal magazine cabinet, keeping the magazines fresh and in consecutive order. It can be used as a permanent binding or emptied and refilled as the magazines become out of date. A magazine can be inserted or removed at any time without disturbing the others. Binder for One Volume, six issues, SI. 00 Two Binders, covering full year, $1.80 Address, THE INLAND PRINTER . 120-130 Sherman Street, CHICAGO HOOLE MACHINE & ENGRAVING WORKS 29-33 Prospect Street 111 Washington Street - : BROOKLYN, N. Y. - - “HOOLE” Check End -Name Printing Machine A Job of 500 End Names can be set up and run off on the “HOOLE” Check End-Name . Printing Machine at a cost of nine cents, and the work will equal that of the print¬ ing-press. Let us refer you to concerns who are getting the above results. End-Name, Numbering, Paging and Bookbinders’ Machinery and Finishing Tools of all kinds. Dinse, Page & Company Electrotypes Nickeltypes - ■= AND = Stereotypes 429-437 LA SALLE ST. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS TELEPHONE, HARRISON 7185 452 The' Reliance” ONE reason for the superior^ ity of the “Reliance’' is that it’s the only cutter we make. It has the benefit of our first and best efforts. All the accepted principles of scientific paper cutting are embodied in it. No cutter on the market, power or otherwise, is better fitted for the work it is intended to do. Write for circular and price=list. SOLD BY ALL PROGRESSIVE DEALERS THE “Reliance” is a well- named lever cutter because it’s well made. It’s reliable in its every part and function. It works right, and when a part is broken, through accident, the new part fits right. “Reliance Interchangeability” is a big time saver and a Iso a big reason why your lever cutter should be a “Reliance.” Made by Paul Shniedewend & Co., Chicago James White Paper Go. COVER AND BOOK PAPERS 210 MONROE STREET - - - CHICAGO There is More Genuine Quality pure luster and permanent body found in the use of our famous AMBITION BLACK than in any other printers’ black ink manufactured. We sell it at 40 cents per pound — and it is worth more. Every pound is uniform in quality. We want you to try at least a trial order, and its use will convince the most skeptical as to our claims. Suppose you ask for specimen work KUS.U THE JAENECKE PRINTING INK CO. £££« Main Office and Works— NEWARK. N. J. CHICAGO Office — 351 Dearborn Street NEW Wing-Horton Mailer Some of the largest and most progressive publishers in this and foreign countries are adopting the WING- HORTON MAILER. There is a Reason ! Would it not pay you to investigate ? Full particulars supplied on request. CHAUNCEY WING, Manufacturer . . Greenfield, Mass. 453 = FOR FLAT PLATES OR TYPE = j punch, I rolls. Printing J in place of delivery MEISELSS— AMSTUTZ’ HAND-BOOK OF PHOTOENGRAVING Being an enlargement of and revision of Jenkins’ Manual of Photoengraving By N. S. AMSTUTZ With supplementary chapters on the Theory and Practice of Half-tone Colorwork by Frederick E. Ives and Stephen H. Horgan This is the most comprehensive and practical work on this subject ever published, and has received the endorsement of leading men in the craft Trice, $3.00 prepaid 120 c'hicago11 St- THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY I7tf"dg' ' ^ WILSON BLOCKS ^ always stand up. They are time-savers. Make up quickly to any size desired. Save make-ready and are practically indestructible. Made durably of iron and steel. Send for Catalogue that explains them fully. HAMMER PAPER LIFT fZ 0 . 1 Cut shows Lift loaded for a day’s run. With this machine practically all waste of stock from handling is avoided. Sheets are not crumpled, to say nothing of a guaranteed increase of 10 per cent from presses. A practical machine for progressive printers looking for increased profits. Make work easier for men. Price very moderate. ife-. MANUFACTURED AND FOR SALE BY BRITE-LITE FURNITURE Every practical printer has dreamed of just this thing. Labor-saving furniture that weighs no more than wood (one-third the weight of lead ) , A. F. WANNER & CO. has the strength of cast iron and accuracy of type (less than .0001 inch Send for Circular and^Free^am’Jles^o-day. Um' P" 340-342 DEARBORN STREET CHICAGO :: ILLINOIS 454 Me^ilPs Patent The sheet, as shown, is fed short of the gauge and yet it will register. When the press closes, the “Auto¬ matic” extends forward and gently pushes the sheet to exact position. It does not bite the sheet and prevent it from registering. It never pushes it out. It registers cardboard or paper. The ordinary gripper operates it. No extra fixtures. The gauge forms a stop for the sheet and then registers it. Feed ordinarily to it as a side gauge, but as fast as you like. The Automatic Register Gauge costs $4.80. Including a pair of the Double -Grip Gauges for the bottom, to your door for $5.95. Testimonials and booklet. Your Dealer or E. L. MEGILL, Patentee and Manufacturer, 60 Duane Street, NEW YORK Megill’s Patent DOUBLE-GRIP GAUGE. SPRING TONGUE GAUGE PIN. Real thing in a GAUGE PIN. Very handy. $1.80 per doz., 40c. set of three. With extra tongues. HUMAN FIGURE Tic HUMAN FIGURE ving and Construction by John H. Vanderpoel jr nearly th rate draftsn Mr. John H. Vanderpoel has been for nearly thirty years one of the most distinguished teachers of drawing In America ; himself a consummate draftsman, he has instructed thousands of men and women, so that the list of famous American artists contains a large percentage of those who have been his pupils. His specialty is the drawing and construction of the human figure, and in this he stands high among the world’s masters. His knowledge of the nude, and the clear, systematic manner in which he gives it PMr. Va’nderpoel^s new book is a full and concise exposition of his system. The text is a thorough analysis of the human figure from the artist’s standpoint, feature by feature and as a whole. It is illus¬ trated with 54 full-page plates— all of them masterly drawings of the greatest value to the student— and 330 marginal sketches, none of which have ever been published, showing parts of the body in various positions and actions. Altogether it is the most complete illustrated work on the subject now extant. To the student and the working artist, as well as to the general public which may use such a book for refer¬ ence, the publication of Mr. Vanderpoel’s life-work is of the utmost importance. Mechanically the book is a beautiful one, finely printed on heavy paper, solidly bound in an artistic manner, and designed to be as convenient for reference as possible. Price, $2. 00 Net. THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY TREASURE OF LAI $3.00. “FIGURE STUDIES”— by Ferd Wiist — second series, 24 plates, $3.00. and the FREIE KUNSTE — SEMI-MONTHLY PUBLICATION- This Journal is the best Technical Book for Printers , Lithographers and all Kindred Trades. Artistic supplements. Yearly subscription, $3.00, post free ; sample copy, 25 cents. PUBLISHED BY JOSEF HEIM - - Vienna Vl./i Austria Wire Stitcher Satisfaction is enjoyed to the very fullest by all users of the “Boston” he simplest in adjustment, the best in quality of work and the only thoroughly- reliable-up-to-date-always- ready Wire Stitcher. CL To increase the usefulness of the No. 3 size, we have recently designed work-table extension (see cut). C. This makes available the entire space back of the regular work table, and upon which the present work guide can be used. C. Price, with bolts, $11.25. C. Write nearest point for wire stitcher or staple binder particulars American Type Founders Company ^AgSu^s-A 460 ROUSE JOB STICKS SET THE PACE! SIZES AND PRICES STANDARD THE WORLD OVER Used by particular printers everywhere in preference to all others. Positively unrivaled for accuracy, convenience and durability. Made to both American and European (Didot) Systems. 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 - 2.50 2.60 2.70 - 3.00 3.10 Not - 3.75 3.85 Made For sale by reputable Dealers throughout the World. MADE ONLY BY ■ H. B. ROUSE & CO. CHIC AGO?1 El's, a! %\)t American pressman A MONTHLY TECHNICAL TRADE JOURNAL WITH 20,000 SUBSCRIBERS Best medium for direct communication with the user and purchaser of Pressroom Machinery and Materials. ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR 802-803 Lyric Theater Bldg., Cincinnati, Ohio Read by British and Colonial Printers the IV orld over. (IItt British flrintrc Every issue contains information on trade matters by specialists. Reproductions in colors and monochrome showing modern methods of illustrating. All about New Machinery and Appli¬ ances. Trade notes form reliable guides to printers and allied traders. Specimens of jobwork form original designs for “ lifting.” PUBLISHED BI-MONTHLY. $2 per Annum, post free. Specimen Copy sent on receipt of 35 Cents. - PUBLISHED BY - RAITHBY, LAWRENCE Lr CO., Ltd. LEICESTER and LONDON American Representative , A. O’Donoghue, 535 W. 125th St., NewYork Dull Knives spoil more work and cause more dissatisfaction than anything else a printer has to contend with The Carborundum Knife Stone keeps paper cutter and other machine knives sharp, without taking knives out of the machine, or serious loss of time — No danger to the fingers — the groove takes care of that — The Stone is 4 inches in diameter, 1 inches thick; one side coarse for rough work, the other side fine for putting on keen, lasting edge. Price, by mail. SI. 50 Ask your dealer for Carborundum Sharpening Stones. Ask us for the Sharpening Stone Book. The Carborundum Company NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y. 461 “ Kidder Machinery!!™ Our New Two-color Eighth-medium Press The most profitable and most reliable ticket-printing press on the market. It prints two colors on one side of the web and one on the other, numbers, cuts the corners, cross perforates, slits, perforates lengthwise, cuts off and rewinds. By means of the Multiple Feed and Cut all the operations are repeated two or three times to each impres¬ sion, so that only one outfit is required for each operation, and a product of 1x2 inch tickets, one color on each side, of 100,000 per hour may be obtained. PFrite for particulars. To the Paperdealer Paper in the roll — any quality — is being used more and more every day. Some concerns are handling roll papers alone and making money. The profit in this line you are losing, if you are not equipped to handle it. Our Paper Slitter and Rewinder is the only satis¬ factory equipment. Let us send you particulars of this machine and facts about the many uses of paper in the roll. Kidder Press Co. ““ Dover, N. H. Canada : The J. L. Morrison Co. Toronto NEW YORK OFFICE: 261 Broadway GIBBS-BROWER CO., Agents Great Britain: John Haddon & Co. London 462 Steel Die Embossing Work is the one acknowledged artistic form of correct commercial stationery. The pro¬ gressive printer is always interested in improving the character of his stationery. There, is a demand among your home merchants and professional men for this class of work, and we have an interesting proposition to offer the local printer to become our representative. LET US EXPLAIN OUR SYSTEM We will place in the hands of the local printer full information, samples, prices, etc., enabling him to go among his clients and solicit steel-die work. There is a good margin of profit for you. Show your cus¬ tomers the quality and character of our work. Write to-day for further particulars. THE NEW STATIONERS’ MAGAZINE Devoted exclusively to promoting the selling end of the retail stationery business Mrntft g>iattmwr 120-130 SHERMAN STREET, CHICAGO Edited id ma rol Th dmos naged by the ■ ■ ■ 473 BOOKS AND UTILITIES THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 120-130 Sherman St., CHICAGO 1729 Tribune Building, NEW YORK PAMPHLET GIVING CONTENTS OF EACH BOOK MAILED ON REQUEST 474 SI BEST f- (t) U J 1 CO MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED MONOSHEET-FEED THE FEED YOU NEED r 0 m C I) H 0 0 C I) H MOST SIMPLE RELIABLE CONVENIENT ACCURATE EASY TO OPERATE ONLY ONE SHEET AND ALWAYS ONE OTHERS CLAIM TO BE, THIS IS THE ACME OF SIMPLICITY! For further particulars apply to / NO ADJUSTMENT INTRICATE PARTS BUCKLERS BLOWPIPES SUCTION AUTO PAPER FEEDER CO. 198 BROADWAY, NEW YORK CITY 475 COLORADO As a Resort Stands High Its climate is healthful and invigorating — thousands of miles of natural parks and trout-inhabited streams afford the Camper, Healthseeker and Sportsman ideal conditions for rest and recreation. Low Summer Tourist Rates will go in effect June 1 to Colorado points. Via Union Pacific Before Planning Your Trip, write for Illustrated Booklet “COLORADO AND ITS ATTRACTIONS” Address E. L. LOMAX, General Passenger Agent OMAHA, NEB. 476* , — th'e FOR PRINTERS Best Detergent for cleaning and preserving rollers. Acme Ink Reducer of ink, be A Reducer and Dryer Combined. Ink Reducer will readily mix with any kind of it, without injuring the quality or affecting the most delicate color. On all jobs of colorwork — posters, lithos, fable and showcards (all kinds), etc., requiring heavy, solid cuts, or large type, Acme Ink Reducer is un¬ excelled, because it prevents pulling or peeling of paper and distributes the ink freely and uniform, producing the required amount of color at every impression. Nothing does the business like Acme Ink Reducer —The World's Best. Used and endorsed by all leading printers everywhere. Send us a description of your requirements for a sample, sufficient for a trial , free postpaid. ACME COMPOUND CO.. Elkhart. Ind., U.S.A. PEN AND PENCIL CARBONS For the printing trade. Adapted for all Manifold Forms, Order Books, Cash Sales Checks, Pen Manifold Books, etc., etc. Also all supplies for printing form letters, and typewriter ribbons to match. Mittag &r> Volger, Inc. PARK RIDGE. NEW JERSEY MANUFACTURERS FOR THE TRADE ONLY IT PAY^ T0 SAVE WASTE 11 lil llJ paper FOR SHIP= with a SUL¬ LIVAN HAND BAL- ING PRESS. Write for particu¬ lars of saving stor¬ age, freight, fire risk, etc. Circular F-64. SULLIVAN MACHINERY CO. 9 Jackson Boul.. Chicago. Quality Metals for printers are the kind Blatchford makes — Linotype, Monotype, Stereotype, etc., etc. E. W. Blatchford Co. CHICAGO, U. S. A. Eastern Office— 5 Beekman St., New York Do you have to pile your stock? Portable Elevator Economy Steel Tiering Machine ECONOMY ENGINEERING CO. 58-64 N. Jefferson St., Chicago, Ill. Foreign Agents: Parsons Trading Co., New York The B. A. Machine Works Successors to L. Martenson Repairing of Printers’ & Binders’ Machinery a specialty 200 S. Clinton St., CHICAGO Black and Colours For Printing Ink , Carbon Paper , etc. Soluble in Oils, Wax, Resin, etc, WILLIAMS BROS. & CO. HOUNSLOW, ENGLAND OUR NEW IMPROVED ^afctng jftlms Are Guaranteed to Remain Transparent , are Deep and Do Not Smudge. ®be American &fjahtnff ^Hacljinc Co. 164-168 Rano St., Buffalo, N.Y., U.S.A. (»!>!« I Whitmore Mfg. Co. HOLYOKE, MASS. MANUFACTURE BEST GRADES OF Surface Coated PAPERS AND CARD BOARD Especially adapted for Lithographing and Three-color Work. CARBON BLACK Godfrey L. Cabot 940-941 OLD SOUTH BUILDING BOSTON, MASS. ECLIPSE. DIAMOND. ELF. B. B. B. ACME. 477 Vest-Pocket ££££ Manual of Printing Lt JSSST X* The Inland Printer Co. - PRESSMEN’S - - Overlay Knife POSTPAID, 25 CENTS The Inland Printer Co. 120- 130 Sherman Street :: Chic/ 1729 Tribune Building :: New York INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. msk a i’ssf isis isifistiinis tm s siissiisisi TABLE OF CONTENTS -JUNE, 1909 is liiiiiiliilililiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ill lllllllllll I lislll G5 ITU COURSE IN PRINTING r by the Inland * rinler TechnicaC School' ? / 7 lO Commission on ~ade Education 120 BO SHERMAN STREET - CHICAGO Cfic Ja>tu&p of Color Harmony Compositors can buy books by the hundred on color, and dig and dig with small results, so far as help¬ ing them in their daily work is concerned. The text-books were not written for printers. The lessons on color harmony in the I. T. U. Course were. In addition, the student does work under the personal supervision of an instructor following the very best methods of education by correspondence. The purpose for which the lessons were written, the work required and the quality of instruction, all make this an unparalleled opportunity for the printer to acquire a working and scientific knowledge of color. Among those who know him, the name of C. S. Roray is a synonym for what is gentlemanly and scholarly. Nearly sixty years of age, a voracious reader of technical literature, he voluntarily writes the Commission: “ I have read much on the subject of color and light, but never before have I come across so concise and systematic a treatment of those subjects, accompanied by diagrams of so extraordinary apt¬ ness, as I find in the I. T. U. Course lesson papers on color. The diagrams are so simple and illuminating that they are a most effect¬ ive aid to memory. You have set forth clearly in a few pages what it would take a long and weary study of text-books to learn.” So it is with every lesson — exhaustively treated in a clear and informing manner. The Course was written by a working printer. It is in your language, not the jargon of the schoolroom, or art school. The Course is worth ten times its price to any printer, and you should take it. For full information drop a postal to THE I.T.U. COMMISSION 120 SHERMAN STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. The price — $20. five per cent off for cash; or $5 down and $5 a month till paid — is merely the cost of instruction. On and after September 1 the price of the Course will b3 $25, with easy payments. 480 isjEHSi ii&im if ifjOfififififififififififififififififif^ if 1 i if if if i i Sometime, Somewhere, Somehow, Somebody May make j Some Inks j Something like ULLMAN’S Doubletone Inks And I Ullmanines. BUT NOW Real busy and Real prosperous Printers use the 1 Real thing THAT’S HERE NOW. Sigmund Ullman Co. New York Chicago Philadelphia s 1 1 1 i i if ifi?i?ifi!i?50fKhi?if5{hifif^ififi^i?i?if if E OF THE ENVELOPE ^ ' DISTRIBUTORS OF "BUTLER BRANDS” Standard paper, company: .• . Milwaukee. Wisconsin 'BENEDICT PAPER- COMPANY . KANSAS CITY;, MISSOURI SOUTHWESTERN l>APEK,XOMPANY K . DALLAS, TEXAS ■ SOUTHWESTERN RaPERT’.COMFSaNY % . HOUSTON, TEXAS PACIFIC COAST PAPER, COMPANY \ . . SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SIERRA PAPER COMPANY . . . ? . . LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA Oakland paper .company ...... . Oakland, California CENTRAL'-MICHIGAN PaRER-COMPANY . . GRAND RAPIDS. MICHIGAN MUTUAL PAPER COMPANY . SEATTLE, WASHINGTON American :tTpe founders company > . . . spokane. Washington .AMERICAN .TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY ... . . f .'VANCOUVER. BRITISH COLUMBIA NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE "COMPANY (ExporVrShlpi . NEW YORK CITY NATIONAL ;Ra-PER & TYRE CCgWRANY . . . .. . CITY OF MEXICO, MEXICO NATIONAL PAPER &• TYPE COMPANY . . . . ... . . CITY OF MONTERREY. MEXICO NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE COMPANY . " . . . . HAVANA. CUBA * j utler Brands of ENVELOPES are made as £ood a$ skill, ^experience and modern mechanical facilities can make them. ^ 10th stock contains en¬ velopes of every description for all commercial and private purposes in a 11 shapes, sizes, colors and qualities. Special made envelopes of any material, according to your spec¬ ifications, supplied on short notice. We can interest you whether you order envelopes in single thousand, case or carload lots. SAMPLES PROMPTLY FURNISHED J.W. BUTLER PAPER CO.. CHICAGO. 4-1 The Fuchs & Lang Mfg. Co. Machinery 29 Warren Street : : NEW YORK 328 Dearborn Street : : : CHICAGO 150 N. Fourth Street. PHILADELPHIA 44 High Street : : BOSTON Factory : : : RUTHERFORD. N. J. Supplies for Lithographers and Printers Emmerich & Vonderlehr Machinery The McKinley Perfection Distributing Roller IF YOU HAVE NOT TRIED ONE, LET US SEND YOU ONE ON THIRTY DAYS' TRIAL A FEW TESTIMONIALS up^th1^ haVe a11 their PreSSeS W. Shonk Co. MANUFACTURERS OF HIGH-GRADE PRINTING INKS 482 THE HEAVIEST, SIMPLEST, MOST COMPACT AND HANDSOMEST TWO-REVOLUTION. COMPARE THIS ILLUSTRATION WITH THAT OF ANY OTHER. THE BABCOCK^ PRINTING PRESS MANUFACTURING CO., NEW LONDON, CONNECTICUT BARNHART BROS. & SPINDLER, WESTERN AGENTS, 183-187 MONROE STREET, CHICAGO The Babcock Optimus The Babcock Optimus The forms will be very heavy, requiring fine manipulation of abundant color, ex¬ ceedingly powerful impression and the best of register. You tell the customer that you can print his catalogue as it should be done. Really, with the limitations of your old press in mind, you are only hoping that you can. The old press was even worse than you thought. The customer is disappointed; thinks job almost useless. It is only fair if he leaves it with you. And you have told him in the most effectual way not to come again with that sort of work. When he gives it to someone else it is reasonable to expect his other work to follow. How different if you had an Optimus, even an old Optimus! It makes the hard work easy; gives satisfaction; keeps the business. For heavy, exacting, fast work it is absolutely matchless. It is the machine for the big shops, and altogether best for the small ones. Facts beat fancy and prejudice. Ask for the truth about the Optimus. The Babcock Optimus SET IN AUTHORS ROMAN. 483 Losing m Trying to Save There is more money lost m trying to save than there is money gamed hy true principles of economy. The immediate cheapness that causes ultimate loss is the unthinking man s curse. A little saving on a cut makes a substantial loss m printing. A little saving m a cut makes it ineffective for the purpose intended — to illustrate and con¬ vince. CUTS THAT SELL THINGS CUTS THAT CONVINCE CUTS THAT PRINT WELL CUTS THAT SAVE TIME EFFECTIVE ILLUSTRATIONS — We Make These . They are not cheap until the returns are all m — then they are cheap. For the Best is the Cheapest. We make the Best. Delivered as Promised. The Inland -Walton Engraving Co. 130 Sherman Street, Chicago 484 National !&ook Sewing ^ttacfyine . j * — . A MACHINE TO SAVE YOU MONEY Straight Needles. Tight Sewing. Adjustable Stitches. Economical Takes work from 2/4 x VA inches up to 15 x 105^ inches. RAPID - SIMPLE - DURABLE SAMPLES OF THE WORK OF THE NATIONAL SENT ON REQUEST FOR FULL INFORMATION ADDRESS T. W. & C. B. SHERIDAN CO. EXCLUSIVE SELLING AGENTS 56-58 Duane Street, New York 149 Franklin Street, Chicago OR Joseph E. Smyth, Manufacturer, 150 Franklin St., Chicago 485 The Queen City Printing Ink Co. Jftatas of punting “Jnks CINCINNATI H.n.\cHicAG° U 1 BOSTON ||L|I/ J PHILADELPHIA Sj IN fyy KANSAS CITY MINNEAPOLIS 487 Four_ operation^ at one_ and the_ same time. consequently greats saving^ of time and labor These machines are covered by U. S. Patents Nos. 761,496, 763,673, 768,461, 768,462, 768,463, 779,784, 783,206, 789,095, 828,665, 813,215, 846,923. Action has been commenced against Gullberg & Smith for making machines in infringe¬ ment of patent No. 761,496, covering the Detector or Caliper. Sellers and users of the infringing machines are also liable. WATCH THIS SPACE FOR A LABOR -SAVER TO BE PLACED ON MARKET BY US GEO. JUENGST & SONS CROTON FALLS. N. Y. R I ESS N ER’S EUREKA GOLD INK •pak m THE VALUE OF a good gold ink depends on its working qualities and its efficient- cy to show bright gold effects. We have devoted years of pa¬ tient endeavor to secure a gold ink along these lines. We firmly believe that in EUREKA GOLD INK the problem has been solved. This ink not only prints bright gold, but works like any ordinary ink on all kinds of coated paper. This ink is worth your careful consideration. RICH GOLD PALE GOLD ALUMINUM $3.00 per pound $3.00 per pound $4.00 per pound SPECIAL DISCOUNTS IN QUANTITIES Quarter pound sample tube sent postpaid on receipt of 75 cents T. RIESSNER 57 GOLD STREET NEW YORK PRINTED WITH ONE IMPRESSION If a Chinaman can use a Harris press , can’t you ? Don’t say the Harris offset press is too big a proposition and let it go at that. Find out if it really is. Don’t say you would like to have a Harris offset press, and hope to some day. Do the way your little neighbor has done and get one. May be you don’t realize that we have sold several Harris offset presses to printers in towns of less than twenty-five thousand people (names on application). If these printers in these small towns can use our machine profitably and turn out better work than they ever have before, there is no reason why you can’t. Better look into it. It won’t cost you anything but your time. We’ll take care of the expense, if there is any, in giving you the information you ought to have. “I will write” is a poor thought. “I have written” is a better one. Have you ? THE HARRIS AUTOMATIC PRESS CO. CHICAGO OFFICE FACJORAw NEW YORK OFFICE Manhattan Building NILES, OHIO 1579 Fulton THE CHAMBERS Paper Folding Machines Double -Sixteen Folder with Automatic Feeder An accurate machine of especial value on long edition work. Among several sizes our customers find No. 528 is adjustable for 90 per cent of all such work in ordinary binderies. The machine folds sheets from 40 x 54 to 1 9 x 26 inches, giving a folded page ranging from 10x13/2 to 4 3A x 6/2 inches. All desirable modern appliances. Accurate, reliable work guaranteed. Chambers Brothers Co. Fifty-second and Media Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Chicago Office : : : 59 West Jackson Boulevard 490 Rebuilt Linotypes Model 1, Two-letter Linotypes All worn parts replaced by new. Guaranteed to produce as good a slug as from a new machine. All machines sold with new matri¬ ces and new spacebands. This is the only company that rebuilds Linotypes, that maintains a regular force of machinists and is equipped with up-to-date machinery. § We have an exclusive special license to use patented attachments in rebuilding Linotype machines. ^ All parts used by us in rebuilding Lino¬ types are purchased from the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, and are made in the United States. Prompt delivery. Prices and terms on application. :: :: •[[ If you want other model Linotypes, write us. We have completed special tools and attachments for the accurate repairing of Spacebands. Price for Repairing Spacebands, each 25 Cents WE GUARANTEE ALL OUR WORK. If you have a Linotype to sell If you wish to buy a rebuilt Linotype WRITE US Gutenberg Machine Company 545-547-549 Wabash Avenue, CHICAGO 491 If It’s a POTTER It’s The Best The name POTTER on Printing Machinery is a guarantee of excellence. POTTER ROTARY OFFSET PRESS. Three Sizes 28 x 34 30 x 42 34 x 44 Simplest , Strongest , Surest , Greatest Efficiency , Least Trouble , Either Hand or Automatic Feed . Potter Printing Press Co. PLAINFIELD, N. J. D. H. CHAMPLIN, 342 Rand-McNally Bldg., Chicago, Western Sales Agent. 492 Latham Machinery Co. Below see illustrations of some of the many LATHAM MONITOR MACHINES, which stand for Quality, and are used by printers and bookbinders who produce high-class work. ^ Monitor Wire Stitcher No. 1 20th Century Monitor Power Perforator Monitor Multiplex Punch Monitor Bench Embosser ] [ Round-hole Punehe. No. 60 No. 57 Monitor Paging and Numbering Machine Monitor Duplex Punch Latham Machinery Co. 197-201 S. Canal Street Chicago, Ill. » BOSTON . . 220 Devonshire Street NEW YORK . 8 Reade Street Monitor Round-corner Punch and Index Machine 493 An Invitation cordial invitation is extended every user of Printers’ and Bookbinders’ Machinery to visit our new New York offices in the Fifth Avenue Building, 23d and Broadway . July and August are vacation months. . . . Whether it be on play-day pleasure or busy business we extend not only a “welcome to our city,” but the earnest assurance that it is our wish and pleasure that you make our office your headquarters while you are in New York Sincerely Dexter Folder Company 494 Another Invitation e have just issued a new Cata¬ log, by far the largest and best we have ever attempted . It shows our complete line of Folders, Feeders, Cutters, and other Bookbinding Machinery This Catalog is too expensive for general distribution, but we are anxious that every user of our line of machinery should have a copy .... Three quarters of the edition has been mailed . . If you have not received one, please write us . . We have one left for you . . Ask the nearest office . Dexter Folder Company New York Chicago Boston San Francisco Southern Agents: Dodson Printers’ Supply Company, Atlanta, Georgia 495 UR! UR!! UR!!! That’s the way the sales of <£Iortbmorc Bond C it has the cvuckle J are prQj j|pr Can fulsome praise, alluring adjectives or our own personal opinion put a hot shovel under the Thermometer of Sales and send the mercury airshipping? Hardly. The splendid qualities of this paper sell it — not talk or introspective approval. Right out in the world of competition ^iPorHjmore is simply walking away from its rivals. More used last month than the month before — because more people tried it ! (The sample supply is still subject to your draft.) The Whitaker Paper Company CINCINNATI, OHIO, and NASHVILLE, TENN. BAY STATE PAPER COMPANY BOSTON, MASS., and NEW YORK, N. Y. T TVTRVC^V T \/" ALL publishers and printers have noticed the claims of U 1^1 JU/Vy U J3 A -UU' -U 1 unusual superiority for lead-molded and steel electrotypes. As the largest producers of electrotype plates in the world, with a business created entirely on quality and service, we claim for our electrotypes an exact duplication and a printing quality equal to the original, and for our nickeltypes an extra wearing quality for long runs and for color printing. “ The proof of the pudding is in the eating ” and the publisher and printer that appreciates quality is respectfully invited to test our service. We also make designs, drawings, half-tones, zinc etchings, wood- cuts and wax engravings, but — we do no printing. 407-425 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO OUR PRICES are popular. If you are a buyer of Engravings\ you should have our Scale of Prices, the most complete, 1 comprehensive and consistent scale ever issued. With it on your I desk, the necessity for correspondence is practically eliminated. J 496 TIME MANUFACTURERS OF LETTERPRESS AND LITHOGRAPHIC CINCINNATI . NEW YORK . CHICAGO . ST. LOUIS BUFFALO. PHILADELPHIA. MINNEAPOLIS. SAN FRANCISCO HAVANA . CITY OF MEXICO . BUENOS AIRES TORONTO. LONDON THE AULT & WIBORG CO. DUPLEX SEPIA G. S. 831-14. Three Sane Reasons Why the thoughtful and enterprising printer or lithographer should use “THE KOHLER SYSTEM” of control: PROTECTION — Because when your press is equipped with our push-button controller system, you not only protect your press but you also protect the feeder, pressman or operator. CONVENIENCE — Because a press can be started or stopped from convenient stations or points about your machine quickly and with positive effect- — a great saving of time, as well as an increase in the actual hours and minutes of service, which means an increase of output. ECONOMY— Because it enables the printer with“THE KOHLER SYSTEM” to compete with the most exacting competitor in quantity of output, reduction of cost in production, the elimination of “wear and tear,” as well as safety to his workmen. The Kohler System of Multiple Push-Button Automatic Speed Control for the electrical operation of flat-bed printing presses and other machinery is being rapidly recognized and put in service by the up-to-date printers of the country, and if you have not already familiarized yourself with the important and advantageous features of our system, why not investigate it — see from your own standpoint of reasoning whether our claims are well founded or not. Its installation is simple and inexpensive, and its great advantages are of vital importance to the owner. Remember, “THE KOHLER SYSTEM” will meet the most exacting demands of every known form of machine which requires precise , accurate , instant and infallible control. Tell us the kind of machinery you use, its make, size and the voltage of your power circuit, and we will send bulletins describing how we operate it. KOHLER BROTHERS NEW YORK OFFICE CHICAGO LONDON OFFICE 1 Madison Avenue Main Offices, 277 Dearborn Street 56 Ludgate Hill, E.C. 4-2 497 When you have been sufficiently misled, by buying imitations of our product, drop us a line. Established 27 years ago. “Togo” Catalog Folder Made by Brown Folding Machine Company ERIE, PA., U. S. A. New York Agencies Chicago Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. 38 Park Row London, W. C., J. Collis & Sons, 355 Dearborn Street 42 Regent Square, Gray’s Inn Road 498 The Particular Business Man can not be too exacting in the selection of his stationery. The local printer can serve his home merchants and professional men in no better manner than to interest them with the acknowledged artistic form of correct stationery. Steel Die Embossing Work is pronounced by the best authorities as the acme of quality and distinction. We have an interesting proposition to offer the local printer to become our representative. Our System Will Interest You We will place in the hands of the local printer full information, samples, prices, etc., enabling him to go among his clients and solicit steel-die work. There is a good margin of profit for you. Show your cus¬ tomers the quality and character of our work. Write to-day for further particulars. TUB -SIZED LOFT- DRIED No. 630 “Lisbon Extra Strong” A high water-mark in the art of papermaking. An excellent correspondence paper. Finish suitable for printing or lithography. Taking a Good Impression , It Makes a Good Impression. We are exporting large quantities of this paper, and are making renewed efforts to make it better known in home and foreign markets. PARSONS TRADING COMPANY 20 Vesey Street . NEW YORK London, Sydney, Melbourne, Wellington, Havana, Mexico, D. F., Buenos Aires, Bombay, Cape Town. Cable Address for all Offices—" Partracom.” o=,tc = Have You Adopted •= a Cost System? Do you know, or are you trying to find out what your work is costing and should cost you? If so we want you to know what the Inland and the users of its product know about the ANNOYANCE-SAVING, TIME-SAVING, LABOR-SAVING, EXPENSE-SAVING, MONEY-SAVING FEATURES of the Inland Standard Line Unit Set Type The type that has the wearing-quality, The type that has the customer-getting quality, The type that has the style-quality. The type that has the labor-saving quality, The type that has every letter perfect in face, in body, in set, in hight. WILL YOU LET US TELL YOU HOW WE CAN SAVE YOU 10 TO 25% IN YOUR COMPOSING ROOM AND PRESS ROOM? WRITE US TODAY 12th & Locust, Saint'Louis 188 Monroe St., Chicago 160 William St., New York Inland Type Foundry (Lone Set in Heavy Caslon, Reci 10=D 00l=D 501 W 12345 THE SIZE-1 y2xi%6 IN. TSS NEW IMPROVED BATES Price $8 ALTHOUGH far superior to any other Typographic Numbering Machine upon the market, this machine will remain at the low price quoted above instead of being advanced in price as have BATES NUMBERING MACHINE COMPANY, 700 JAMAICA AYE., BROOKLYN, N. Y. IF YOU HAVE A JOB PRESS It’s all you need with which to use our PERFECT IMITATION TYPEWRITTEN LETTERS There’s a splendid chance in your locality to handle this work at a profit, with little or no extra expense. Our process is simple, no special apparatus required and no royalties to pay. Letters printed in purple, blue, black, greei Process are ready for use on any Typewriter, produced when name and address are filled ir Write us to-day for full particulars. Cot goes with each outfit. d with our Ribbon t a perfect letter is estigate. instruction book THE TYPERIBBON MFG. CO., 113-115 Sherman St., Chicago COVER AND BOOK PAPERS 210 MONROE STREET - - - CHICAGO GALLY IMPROVED UNIVERSAL PRESSES 1 7 x 25 Inside chase. The largest Platen Printing- Press in the World. 4 Styles Printing Presses — 5 Combinations 3 Styles Embossing Presses Stamping Press 30 x 44 inside chase. The Largest in the World. Quarto Medium, inside chase, - - 1 0 x Half Medium, “ --I3x Half Super Royal “ --14x22 Super Royal No. 4, “ --17x25 IMPROVED STYLES - . ;r No. I , i, iser No. 2. er No. 3. side chase, - 2 1 V x 22 - - 24 x 26 - - 24 x 26 Sold by all reputable dealers in the world Send for Catalogue or ask nearest Dealer THE NATIONAL MACHINE CO., 111-135 Sheldon Street, Hartford, Conn., U.S.A. SOLE MANUFACTURERS 502 IB I PROGRESSIVE HALF-TONE BLACK THE BLACK INK OF QUALITY Without an Equal (Thalntauu printing -link (!Iu. Main Office and Factory, ST. LOUIS CHICAGO BRANCHES OMAHA KANSAS CITY BRONZING MACHINES FOR LITHOGRAPHERS AND PRINTERS GUARANTEED IN EVERY RESPECT pers — none genuine without the water-mark on every sheet - - - ^MANUFACTURED BY — - - - - - - a O 19 east 21st street, new york ROBERT MAYER & CO. OTHER specialties manufactured and imported by us : Reducing Machines, Stone- grinding Machines, Ruling Machines, Parks’ Renowned Litho. Hand Presses, Steel Rules and Straight-edges, Lithographic Inks, Lithographic Stones and Supplies. Bronze Powders U Sole Agents for the United States and Can¬ ada for the genuine ColumbiaTransfer Pa- Patented April 5, 1904 Patented May 30, 1905 Patented April 7, 1906 Other patents pending. We do Repairing 503 MENTGES “IMPROVED” FOLDER JTT Combines Simplicity, Accuracy, Durability, Neatness and Speed with Folder Building Experience, making it the Most Successful Medium Priced Newspaper and Periodical Folder on the Market - Information on request. Prices and Terms reasonable. = MENTGES FOLDER COMPANY . . . SIDNEY, OHIO r — - - — - Cost : s System Tests Equip one press with the Expansion System and keep tab on the results. Here are some of the details it will show : A saving of 20 to 25 per cent on electros, a material saving in make-up time, a reduction in the waiting time of the press, register work done in a fraction of the time required by old methods. Besides this, the Expansion System brings out the best there is in a plate, and insures absolute register. The Expansion System means decreased cost and increased efficiency. Send for “Printing from Plates Perfected,” a booklet of details. Special Features — Milled Steel Rollers. Spring Cushion Boxes. Polished Steel Folding Knives with saw¬ tooth edges. Gear-driven Paster. Gripper Straightener. Back Retarders. Eccentric Push Packer that slides in a Bab¬ bitted Journal. Special Features — Polished Steel Supple¬ ment Table. Five-ply Maple-faced Iron-enforced Feed- Table, etc. Entirely gear-driven. Equipped with Bab¬ bitted Journals throughout. Cast-iron Frame, Double Cap— screwed together. Individual Tape Stands. [SOLD BY DEALERS EVERYWHERE Chicago Salesroom and Warehouse 194-196 Fifth Avenue Manufactured by The Challenge Machinery Co. Grand Haven, Mich., U. S. A. 504 C. B. Cottrell & Sons Co. SHEET-FEED ROTARY Ci)e €tgfrt#our ^ress The flat-bed press has reached its limit of speed. Competition is keeping the level of prices too low for legitimate profit. The eight-hour day has added heavily to the cost of output. Editions are increasing in average run. The printer must have presses that will — 1. Heavily reduce the cost of press work , 2 . Get out increased product in less time , 3. Make his output in an eight-hour day not only equal, but exceed, that of his former nine-hour day , 4. Take any desired size of form up to the full limit of press, 5. Absolutely ensure the finest quality of work on halftone or color work . 6. Have every good feature of two-revo¬ lution flat-bed presses but with double their speed. As usual, C. B. Cottrell & Sons Co. have successfully solved this problem. [See next page The Revolution in Press- Room Methods is On SHEET- FEE CONVERTIBLE SING 39 x 54 Sheet or Smaller C. B. COTTRE 41 Park Row W\ New York Westei Descriptive Details PLATE CYLINDER Spirally grooved, taking any size of plates, placed in any position, perfectly fastened, adjusted, registered; easily accessible for changing plates, etc.; steel cylinder bearers on both plate and impression cylinders, ensuring perfect impression and long wear. INKING Four form rollers, supplied with the un¬ equaled Cottrell combination of ink supply and ink distribution so successfully used on their magazine rotary presses, ensuring per¬ fect results at any speed. MAKE-READY The whole inking and distributing apparatus mounted on a frame, easily rolled away, leaving plenty of space for getting at the impression cylinder for making ready, etc. Two can easily work at this cylinder, shortening the time the Press is held, and increasing the output. DELIVERY Convertible, either printed side up, or printed side down, a single sheet at a time — no collecting cylinder to cause smut and offset ; stock piled on truck for rolling away without lifting by hand — preserves the stock from marring, smutting through handling, or damage — reduces the percent¬ age of spoiled stock due to handling. C. B. Cottrei Cottrells “Deliver the Goods” f & Sons Co. D ROTARY .E-SHEET DELIVERY 44 x 64 Sheet or Smaller Finest Quality .L & Sons Co. jb/ 279 Dearborn Street y, R. I. Chicago Descriptive Details SPEED Limited only by feeding capacity and nature of work on the Press. IMPRESSION Absolutely rigid under any printing strain, any character of work, any size form up to full sheet. REGISTER All difficulties due to registering a revolving cylinder with a reciprocating bed, are elim¬ inated. Two cylinders running alike in rolling contact make register absolute with¬ out doubt or difficulty. QUALITY OF OUTPUT The highest known to the art. All possi¬ bilities of error due to rapid reversing of a heavy bed and form are done away with, leaving a smooth, rapid running machine, without jerk or jar or strain — eliminating wear on plates because the faces of the two cylinders run in perfect unison. In proof of this, note the quality of the immense runs on COTTRELL MAGAZINE RO¬ TARY PRESSES, with no appreciable difference between the first and last sheets. The Revolution in Press- Room Methods is On C. B. Cottrell & Sons Co. Cottrells “Deliver the Goods” SHEET-FEED ROTARY CONVERTIBLE SINGLE-SHEET DELIVERY Descriptive Details PLATE CYLINDER Spirally grooved, taking any size of plates, placed in any position, perfectly fastened, adjusted, registered; easily accessible for changing plates, etc.; steel cylinder bearers on both plate and impression cylinders, ensuring perfect impression and long wear. INKING Four form rollers, supplied with the un¬ equaled Cottrell combination of ink supply and ink distribution so successfully used on their magazine rotary presses, ensuring per¬ fect results at any speed. MAKE-READY The whole inking and distributing apparatus mounted on a frame, easily rolled away, leaving plenty of space for getting at the impression cylinder for making ready, etc. Two can easily work at this cylinder, shortening the time the Press is held, and increasing the output. DELIVERY Convertible, either printed side up, or printed side down, a single sheet at a time — no collecting cylinder to cause smut and offset ; stock piled on truck for rolling away without lifting by hand — preserves the stock from marring, smutting through handling, or damage — reduces the percent¬ age of spoiled stock due to handling. 39 x 54 Sheet or Smaller 44 x 64 Sheet or Smaller 3, 000 Per Hour-Finest Quality C. B. Cottrell & Sons Co. 41 Park Row Works: 279 Dearborn Street New York Westerly, r. i. Chicago Descriptive Details SPEED Limited only by feeding capacity and nature of work on the Press. IMPRESSION Absolutely rigid under any printing strain, any character of work, any size form up to full sheet. REGISTER All difficulties due to registering a revolving cylinder with a reciprocating bed, are elim¬ inated. Two cylinders running alike in rolling contact make register absolute with¬ out doubt or difficulty. QUALITY OF OUTPUT The highest known to the art. All possi¬ bilities of error due to rapid reversing of a heavy bed and form are done away with, leaving a smooth, rapid running machine, without jerk or jar or strain— eliminating wear on plates because the faces of the two cylinders run in perfect unison. In proof of this, note the quality of the immense runs on COTTRELL MAGAZINE RO¬ TARY PRESSES, with no appreciable difference between the first and last sheets. C. B. Cottrell & Sons Co. SHEET-FEED ROTARY C| n <£tgJ)t#our ^ress Won’t that big customer of yours stand for the increased price made necessary by re¬ duction of working time to eight hours ? Here is the way out: You figured his contract on a basis of NINE hours at 1,500 per hour, or 13,500 per day (outside figures). Put his work on a Cottrell Sheet Feed Rotary , and get 3,000 impressions per hour, or 24,000 per day of EIGHT hours. See ? Even if you reduce it to 20,000 per day it leaves a big margin for extra profit, and still saves that customer. P. S. If a running speed of 1,500 per hour gives a profit of 20% to the pressroom, what would be the percentage of profit if the run¬ ning speed were doubled, without increasing over-head expenses, as is easily possible by adopting the Cottrell Sheet Feed Rotary ? See previous page\ THAT NEW “RUST-PROOF” FINISH stays] ^Hgr | PUT YOU HAVE HEARD SO MUCH ABOUT In point of actual service, long years of test, this Stick stands \ at the head of its class. thTE h!” RLJST PR00F STANDARD JOB STICK has the braced knee, which adds strength and rigidity, and is of unequaled accurateness and construction. The sliding knee is quickly adjusted to "regular11 or "odd" measure. In addition to these important features, we put the Stick through a secret process, preventing absolutely the RUST of any parts. This treatment also hardens the parts and gives the Stick a VELVET and most comfortable finishing touch. Finished in Polished Steel, Rust-Proof, and Nickled Plate at regular prices. Order "D. & H.” Standard and get the best. LENGTH 1% IN. 2 IN. 2# IN. V/z IN. PLATING jffcook' 6-inch... $1.65 $1.75 $1.85 $1.95 $0.25 $0.25 8-inch... 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 .30 .25 10-inch... 2.15 2.25 2.35 2.45 .35 .25 12-inch... are 2.50 2.60 2.70 .40 .25 16-inch . . . not 3.00 3.10 3.20 .50 .25 20-inch . . . made 3.75 3.85 3.95 .60 .25 f The toggle joint in 1 H press is a great source of 1 1 i trouble. One careless bump It' | 1 . of the lever and out it comes. f|, 1 w Then it takes a couple of men it to put it back. The only sure way to avoid this annoyance is to use Reliance The Reliable Proof Press which has a specially designed toggle that " stays put." It can’t fall out, and it gives a leverage that enables one man to prove the largest cuts without assistance. The " Reliance " has so many other meri¬ torious features that a majority of the best engraving houses use no other press. j Write the manufacturers for further REASONS and prices. Paul Shniedewend & Co. cHicAGJoc.k!°u.s!vA: KLIMSCH & CO. . Frankfurt a. M., Germany A. W. PENROSE & CO. . London, E. C., England Write for illustrated circulars. Remember we manufacture numerous other Sticks and Printers’ Supplies. The Draper & Hall Company MIDDLETOWN, CONN. BOSTON WIRE STITCHER THE WORK TABLE EXTENSION pOR use on the No. 3 Boston * Stitcher, making available for gauging the entire space back of the regular table. For calendar and novelty work this will be found invaluable. Tapped and fitted with bolts for easy attach¬ ment to the regular work table. In stock and for sale by all houses AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY 505 The Tucker AUTOMATIC REGISTER GAGE PRESSES It will automatically pull each sheet to a perfect alignment, whether it is fed to it or not. The worst feeder in your pressroom can not help feeding to a perfect register independent of the speed of the press. Greatly increases the output. Is put on or taken off instantly; works with or without the gripper; is almost indestructible. Made in two sizes. PRICE = = = = = $5.00 FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS AND TUCKER FEEDER COMPANY Successors to Tucker Bros. Co. 1 Madison Avenue . . NEW YORK Photo - Engraver Blue-Printer Photographer QUALITY TIME PROFIT Quality means more business. Time-Saving means a larger output. Quality and Time- Saving at lower cost of production mean Profit. These may be attained by adding to your equipment one or more A-B lamps according to your needs ; the lamp especially designed to meet the require¬ ments of your art. Write for bulletins and further information. The Adams - Bagnall Electric Co. CLEVELAND, OHIO WE MAKE THE FOLLOWING SIZES 454 x 9, 354 x 8, 254 x 8, 254 x 4 Inches U SERS of our presses, who are in a position to know by comparison , say that our ma¬ chines are less likely to get out of order ; require the least repairing; yield more in a given time at a less cost, and produce a class and variety of work excelled by none. An investigation will prove it. C. R. Carver Company N. E. Cor. 15th and Lehigh Ave. PH I LADELPH IA, PA. Canadian Agents: Miller & Richard, . Toronto and Winnipeg. Australian and Mexican Agents : Parsons Trading Co., Sydney, Mexico City and New York. THE NEW CARVER Automatic Stamping and Embossing Press <#> Size, 41/2x9 506 The Best of Its Kind THE ACME Wire Staple Binder Has served its purpose in promi¬ nent printing es¬ tablishments for many years. Uses Fine and Coarse Staples. Binds to X'inch- Has Automatic Clinching and Anti-clogging De¬ vices. Equipped with both Flat and Saddle¬ back Tables. Holds 250 Staples at a charge. Acme Staple Co. 112 North Ninth Street CAMDEN, N. J. ELECTRIC MOTORS DO YOU want to save expense and increase your output ? If so, write for our hand¬ some 74-page Bulletin No. 2294 on Electric Equipments for Printing Presses and Allied Ma¬ chines. SPRAGUE ELECTRIC COMPANY 527-531 West Thirty-fourth Street, NEW YORK CITY Branch Offices in Principal Cities HOOLE MACHINE & ENGRAVING WORKS 29-33 Prospect Street 111 Washington Street = BROOKLYN, N. Y. - “HOOLE” Check End -Name Printing Machine A Job of 500 End Names can be set up and run off on the “HOOLE” Check End-Name Printing Machine at a cost of nine cents, and the work will equal that of the print¬ ing-press. Let us refer you to concerns who are getting the above results. End-Name, Numbering, Paging and Bookbinders’ Machinery and Finishing Tools of all kinds. are Gordialiy Invited to call and, inspect our newly installed modern and up-to-date Engraving and Electrotyping plant, fully' equipped with all the latest improved machinery; operated under the most advantageous conditions manifested in our product which is the Best. 167 ADAMS STREET. CHICAGO TELEPHONE FRANKLIN 460 rHE ONLY ENGRAVING AND ELECTROTYPE PIANT WITHIN THE LOOP. 507 Experience Knowledge HIRTY days of actual working experience with a Cross Con¬ tinuous Feeder will give more genuine practical knowledge than months of theorising or guessing . Wherever automatic feeding may be used with profit, either on presses or folders, we are anxious to make a demonstration, with the burden of proof upon us. Let us work with you. . . . DEXTER FOLDER COMPANY Sales Offices : New York Chicago Boston San Francisco Southern Agents: Dodson Printers’ Supply Company, Atlanta, Georgia 508 e tj fc5? ^^cro-CjcovuxC *V\vcro-^v'ovTn^L. ^§8^ >\^\cro-^rova^.. C®I^ *\X^cro-C5v'o\TnC ESTABLISHED 1830 7o //?l b & 2 a o & 2 COES’ RECORDS First to use Micrometer in Knife work (1890). First to absolutely refuse to join the Trust (1893). First to use special steels for paper work (1894). First to use a special package (1901). First to print and sell by a “printed in figures” Price¬ list (1904). First to make first-class Knives, any kind (1830 to 1905). COES Is Always Best ! Same package. Same warrant. Ask us. i • r> o r* inc Lonng Coes oe Co. DEPARTMENT COES WRENCH CO. Worcester, Massachusetts New York Office — G. V. ALLEN, 21 Murray Street Phone, 6366 Barclay Over 35,000 Chandler & Price Gordons Sold This is remarkable* but listen: Of the more than 35,000 Presses sold and delivered by this Company, not one has ever been returned to the factory as defective in material or workmanship. We have sold more than 22,000 Presses since the beginning of this century — less than nine years. As printers’ requirements become more exacting, Chandler & Price Presses become more in demand. As economy becomes more necessary, the sales of Chandler & Price Presses increase ; as the necessity to get work out quickly increases, the popularity of Chandler & Price Presses increases. No radical changes in essential principles have been made in the Chandler & Price Jobber, but a refinement in manufacturing has gone on with development in manu¬ facturing processes. The CHANDLER & PRICE COMPANY Makers — ===== CLEVELAND, OHIO = U. S. A. Lanston Monotype cast¬ ing machine driven by Frame No. %, y, h. p. Power Problems Our Engineer¬ ing Department has solved many power problems similar to yours. It can solve yours. Write us for free ad¬ vice. Our policy of specialization has made the : : Robbins &Mvers "STANDARD Motors ( Direct Current, All Purposes, yao to 15 H. P.) far superior to any other small motor on the market. We have a supply of motors of all types for printing shops on hand all the time at our factory and at the branch offices ready for immediate shipment. Write us your needs. If we haven’t the right motor in stock we will make it for you. THE ROBBINS 4 MYERS CO., 1325-1425 Lagonda Avenue, Springfield. Ohio. Branches in NEW YORK, 14s Chambers St.; PHILADELPHIA, 1109 Arch St.; CHICAGO, 48 W. [ackson Blvd.; BOSTON, 176 Federal St.; CLEVELAND, 1408 West 3d St., N. W ; NEW ORLEANS, 312 Carondelet St.; ST. LO.UIS, Locust and nth Sts.; KANSAS CITY, 120 W. 13th St. THE BEST SORTCASTER Says the Is the Mergenthaler Linotype Co. Nuernberger=Rettig of Chicago Write any office of the Mergenthaler Linotype Co. or Manufacturers Universal Automatic Typecasting Machine Co. 97=99 North Sheldon Street, Chicago 500 WE PRAISE THE QUALITY OF OUR AMBITION BLACK because our customers praise it. They who use it can testify as expert witnesses. The Printer who is in the market for a SOLID, pure lustre BLACK, will not find a duplicate in quality at 40 CENTS PER POUND We ask forty cents, not as a bait, but to demonstrate our ability to serve you with a genuine grade — an Ink of uniform quality, and at a trial price within your reach. A trial order will prove our claims. Telephone us, or write for specimen work. It’s to your interest to know more about it. adelphia THE JAENECKE PRINTING INK CO. STLOUB CHICAGO OFFICE -351 Dearborn Street Main Office and Works — NEWARK, N. J. 509 Dinse, Page & Company Electrotypes Nickeltypes ■■■ = AND = Stereotypes 429-437 LA SALLE ST. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS TELEPHONE, HARRISON 7185 THE PEERLESS PERFORATOR IT is distinguished for the rapidity and perfection of its work, makes a clean and thorough perforation at a high rate of speed, and is adjustable to a wide range in the thickness of the stock it will perforate. SELLING AGENTS E. C. FULLER CO . New York, N. Y. GANE BROS. & CO . Chicago, III. T.W.&C.B. SHERIDAN . . . . Chicago, III. THE J. L. MORRISON CO. . . . Toronto, Ont. T.W.&C! B. SHERIDAN . . . . London, Eng. S. KOCHANSKI . Berlin, Germany MIDDOWS BROS. . Sydney, N. S.W. JOHN DICKINSON & CO., Cape Town, S. Africa Manufactured by A. G. BURTON’S SON 155 to 159 South Clinton Street CHICAGO, ILL., U.S.A. E. C. FULLER CO., I ^ . , 28 Reade St., New York f bole tastern Agents THE J. L. MORRISON CO., Sole Agents for Canada JOHN DICKINSON & CO., Agents for South Africa and India 510 SPECIAL TO CARDBOARD BOX MAKERS A revelation in Box Wire Stitchers. None but them¬ selves can be their parallel. A full line of these won¬ derful stitchers now ready for delivery. All paper box makers specially invited to inspect them. CJ We are headquarters for all sizes of stitching wire of the best quality by the case or ton. Printed matter on application The J. L. Morrison Co. Commercial Advertising can be made attractive by the use of high-grade blotting papers — not the cheap, soft or common¬ appearing grade, but the quality that responds to artistic color and printing. The local printer can use our line of blotters in a thousand ways, as an examination of our complete line of samples will convince you. We give special attention to ABSORPTIVE PAPERS for manufacturing purposes. Let us send you a full line of the following samples : VIENNA MOIRE Blotting (in colors), and Plate Finish WORLD, HOLLYWOOD and RELIANCE. Have you seen the latest absorbing novelty ? The most exquisite pattern, “Directoire” Blotting. THE ALBEMARLE PAPER MANUFACTURING CO. Makers of Blotting :: RICHMOND, VIRGINIA 143 WORTH STREET, NEW YORK CHICAGO LONDON TORONTO LEIPZIG, GERMANY Inks that are used in every country where printing is done. UCaat $c tlmujcr (Smttang Manufacturing Agents for the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico Charles Hellmuth Printing and Lithographic The World’s INKS Originators Standard Three and OF EVERY DESCRIPTION of Solvine Four Color DRY COLORS, Process Inks VARNISHES, etc. New York Bi-Tones Gold Ink 1 54-6-8 W. 1 8th Street that work worthy of Hellmuth Building clean to the the name Chicago 355-7-9 S. Clark Street Poole Bros. Building last sheet Edwards, Dunlop & Co., Ltd . Sydney and Brisbane Sole Agents for Australia. Full Equipments of the Latest and Most Improved ROLLER=MAKING MACHINERY FURNISHED ESTIMATES FOR LARGE OR SMALL OUTFITS A MODERN OUTFIT FOR LARGE PRINTERS JAMES ROWE 241=247 South Jefferson St., CHICAGO. ILL. LINOTYPE & MACHINERY COMPANY, Ltd., European Agents, 189 Fleet Street, London, England 511 Our Ad. in the May numbers of the Printing Monthlies read as follows: “The really Progressive Printer in considering the pur¬ chase of a new cylinder press sums it up thus wise : I need a press that’s always there ; that gives quick results for the time spent in making ready; that’s handy to work around ; that’s dependable in every way; whose use will show at the end of the year a balance on the right side of the ledger — and he buys a WHITLOCK. Isn’t it time for you to get in line ? ” Soon after this appeared we received the follow¬ ing letter: AMERICAN PUBLISHING CO. FINE PRINTING 14-18 EAST MITCHELL STREET Atlanta, Ga., May 10, 1909. The Whitlock Printing Press Mfg. Co. : Gentlemen , — Truth is mighty and it’s mighty scarce. We note that you are adding to the stock of truth by stating, in the trade papers, that the Whitlock Press is a profit-producer. We know this statement to be true, because our Whitlock delivers the goods. We commend you for the veracity displayed in your advertisement. Yours truly, AMERICAN PUBLISHING CO. ( Signed ) FRANK J. COHEN, Manager. We beg to thank Mr. Cohen for his kindly commendation, and publish his letter not so much from a spirit of vanity and self praise as from a desire to show the printing fraternity the way to help fatten their much-too-lean business profits. Buy a Whitlock AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO. Chicago, St. Louis, Cleveland, Cincin- ti , M inneapol is , Kansas City , Denver , Los Angeles, San Franc i' AUSTRALASIAN AGENTS Parsons & Whittemore, 174 Fulton St., New York. Challis House, Martin Place, Sydney. The WHITLOCK PRINTING-PRESS MANUFACTURING COMPANY DERBY, CONN. NEW YORK, 23d Street and Broadway Fuller (Flatiron) Building BOSTON, 510 Weld Building, 176 Federal Street 512 When You Buy a Press or Cutter don’t stop to ponder over the price, but find out the qualities first. It’s the value you get that makes the price satisfactory. OUR ILLUSTRATED BOOKLET tells an interesting story of how these machines are made and what they will do. Ask for it. * For Sale by the Principal Dealers in the United States. PEERLESS PRINTING PRESS CO. The Cranston Works, 70 Jackson Street, PALMYRA, N. Y., U. Lieber’s and A-B-C 5th Edition Codes. S. A. Electrotypes Nickeltypes represent but a small fraction of the sum involved in any job of which they are a part, yet a great deal depends upon their quality. You want plates that print as well as the patterns, made by a process that will not injure the originals, delivered -to you ready for the press without “tinkering.” Our plates are the results of good material, made by men who know how, under the supervision of a member of our firm anxious to preserve our reputation for quality. Acme Electrotype Co. 341-351 Dearborn St., Chicago - Reducol Compound Enables you to make ink work under different climatic conditions and temperatures; prevents picking and assists in rendering slip-sheeting practically unnecessary. Transparent Paste Body Dryer Enables you to back up printed sheets immediately. Electrical Destroyer Annihilates Electricity in Paper. Magic Type and Roller Wash Will remove any dried-up ink from rollers and forms when no benzine or turpentine will touch it. Richter’s Superior Metal Cleaner Will clean and flux Linotype, Monotype, Stereotype and Electrotype Metals. MANUFACTURED BY Indiana Chemical Company INDIANAPOLIS, IND. 4-3 513 One has a feeling of pleasure intermingled with satisfaction when handling a job done on <£Ht> ibtratfort) poofe $aper It is an absolutely all-rag book paper; soft and flexible, exactly alike on both sides. Delightful to feel and handle, a beautiful and distinctive texture with printing surfaces that give the results wanted. It is a paper made up to publisher’s requirements ; it helps him build beautiful and permanent books. It helps the job printer to produce jobs he likes to put in his show-case, for they bring business to him as well as his customers. White; Rough Antique, Smooth Antique, Medium Plate and High Plate finishes ; Wove and Laid, 80 lbs., 25 x 38. Rough Antique, Wove and Laid, 60 lbs.; Toned, Smooth An¬ tique, Laid, 80 lbs., Deckle Edge. Shown in the “STRATHMORE QUALITY” Book. Even if you don’t want such a paper now, it will do you good to look at the samples just to see what a fine paper is. The “STRATHMORE QUALITY” Book is for responsi¬ ble employing printers and large advertisers. You ought to have one. Mittineague Paper Company The “STRATHMORE QUALITY ” Mills MITTINEAGUE, MASSACHUSETTS, U.S.A. ^f^HE VERTICAL STROKE ATTACHMENT P°Ssible °n the NeW OSWEGO and BROWN & CARVER Cutters permits the Cutting of Tab and Index Cards, special shapes, and also the Pinking of Cloth Samples, etc., for a wide range of work within the capacity of the machine. Another new feature on OSWEGO-MADE Cutters is the new fixed Back Gauge Attachment, which permits the accurate duplicating of any widths at any time, such as loose-leaf ledger or card-index work. There is a nominal charge only for these machines, built to order with the vertical stroke in addition to the regular shear stroke, and the extra value of having practically a universal cutting machine com¬ mends itself to users of the latest OSWEGO and BROWN & CARVER Cutters. Full description with illustrations will be supplied with pleasure on request. OSWEGO MACHINE WORKS MEI. GRAY, JR., Proprietor The only factory making Cutting Machines exclusively. The only factory making a complete line of Cutting Machines. NINETY sizes and styles from the little 300-lb. 16-inch OSWEGO Bench Cutter up to the largest Q-ton 84-inch BROWN & CARVER Automatic Clamp Cutter are generally in stock for instant shipment. MAIN OFFICE AND WORKS OSWEGO . . . NEW YORK NEW YORK BRANCH, ISO Nassau Street W. S. TIMMIS, Manager Showrooms, 203 Wooster Street CHICAGO BRANCH, 347 Dearborn Street J. M. IVES, Manager 515 ^ Strong Points of the Pearl Press sa SPEED — Unlimited. Feed easily at 3,000 per hour. This speed can be considerably exceeded on short runs. STRENGTH — Amply strong for all classes of commercial work to the capacity of its chase. EASY OF OPERATION — Being perfectly balanced and free from superfluous iron the Pearl requires the minimum of power for operation. A boy can “kick” it all day without fatigue. DURABILITY — Will last a lifetime. There can be no lost motion to cause bad register or slurring. NOISELESS — Even at the highest speeds it is free from noise or jar. COST — There is no investment in the way of printing machinery that will pay better in any job-printing office than a Pearl Press because of its small first cost, great producing capacity and im¬ munity from breakages. The average annual cost of repairs on the Pearl is 21 cents. It is made in several sizes. Send for booklet and ask about our free trial proposition. No. 11 — 7x11 Pearl Press GOLDING MFG. CO. : : : Franklin, Mass. For Sale by All Principal Printers * Supply Dealers ROTARY CARD CUTTERS For cutting high-grade cards in quantities at a minimum cost. Index Cards Record Cards Visiting Cards Business Cards Cut so uniform that a pack of cards has the appearance of a solid block. The product from each set of knives collated by adjustable receiving boxes. Machines from 36 to 144 inches wide. For cutting small lots of cards, we build Hand Shears and Card Choppers specially designed for accurate work. Chas. Beck Paper Company, Limited PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 516 E have to announce to the trade that the AMERI¬ CAN FALCON PRINT¬ ING PRESS COMPANY have sold out their business to the AUTO FALCON & WAITE DIE PRESS COMPANY, Limited. The Head Office of the Company in the United States is established in the Rand-McNally Building, 160 Adams Street, Chicago, where all communications should be addressed. The Auto Falcon & Waite Die Press Com¬ pany, Limited, will collect all trade accounts and pay all trade liabilities of the American Falcon Printing Press Company. Waite Die Presses and Automatic and Express Falcons Can Be Seen Running in Our Show-rooms. HAMILTON’S".'"?'!' PRINTING-OFFICE FURNITURE ITS RECORD AS AN ECONOMIZER The name Butterick is a household term through- Here is what the Butterick Co. says about i 'LTON MFG. CO.: More than 60 Cabinets of the Masterman type e arranged in a single group, all equipped with foot' ils. There are ~ There is nothing unusual in the results obtained in the Butterick establishm i be obtained in any composing-room not equipped with modern furniture. We can show how to do MORE business in SMALLER quarters. And it is be saved. With modern, compact furniture, the equipment is at the workman's hand workmen does not occur. Millions of useless steps are avoided in the course of a ye lost profits. Why not save 10 to 25 per cent of your labor cost by installing mode i ? You will be repaid the entire cost of installment in less than « THE COUPON can be sent to us or to any dealer handling Hamilton Wood C SEND FOR A COPY OF “COMPOSING-ROOM ECONOMY.” THE HAMILTON MFG. CO. . . RAHWAY, N. J. ALL PROMINENT DEALERS SELL HAMILTON GOODS A VALUABLE LINE GAUGE, 518 The WORONOCO BOOKS show, among many other interesting things, how well adapted FAIRFIELD COVER is for a great variety of purposes, and others are suggested. FAIRFIELD COVER is not an ordinary stock, no more than the WORONOCO BOOKS are ordinary books. The Fairfield finish is enough in itself to make the paper distinctive ; besides, it is a finish you don’t get tired of ; the more you see and use it the better you like it. It is the same way with the line as a whole. One reason is, because it can be used in so many different ways. The WORONOCO BOOKS are to be distributed by express from the mill only, and to get a set you have to be on our list. If you are a responsible employing printer, publisher, independent designer or advertising agent and want to keep up with the procession, you better write to find out if you are on the list. We have received letters from a number of good people whom we did not know were in existence. WORONOCO PAPER CO. WORONOCO, MASS., U. S. A. 519 To Printers of Fine Business Stationery If you want to secure new customers who appreciate fine printing and use quantities of it, we can help you. Here is an advertisement, running in current magazines read by important business men, that is bringing us hundreds of requests for the Portfolio illustrated. These requests come from purchasing agents and heads of large businesses because they appreciate fine stationery, because they want it, because they use quantities of it, and must have it at a usable price. Read the advertisement yourself and see what you think of it. To Business Men If your business requires the writing of quantities of impor¬ tant letters — letters that must look their importance — you need Impressive Stationery at a Usable Price i write at once for this free Portfolio handsome Specimen Letterheads on instruction Bond. Then you will low how to secure the necessary impres- teness in your stationery at a price at makes it usable in quantities. letterhead and write today. W. E. WROE & CO. 1 Michigan Boulevard, Chicago There is nothing there to interest the man who wants cheap letter¬ heads. But the information offered is vitally important to the large consumers of stationery. That's why they write to us. We refer every one of them to a near-by printer who can supply the “ best value " in business stationery because he supplies Construction Bond. You can if you want to. If you want to secure new customers who appreciate fine printing and use quantities of it, if you want to have a reputation for giving your customers their money' s worth , write us for our plan of selling bond and writing papers direct to you in case lots. Write right now. W. E. Wroe & Co., 313 Michigan Boulevard, Chicago 520 ■ G □ □□ o DOS ■ 1 ■ cff 43rit)fcr's (Tppe SIB i i i ill baf a wonderfuf fbwg is a prinfer’s type! efts- setrbfed wtfb offer (ef7 \ / fers info words arc) sen fences, if brings fo usd fbrougb cenfuries fong past fbe nifaffbouqbfsfrom f be mind of genius. Df brings from Tips bong crumbfed info dusf fbe sfirring cab fo dufp, fbe message of bope, of ebarifp, of Tone and of for -a gweness. efts fife goes on f|}e power of fbe (effer qrowQ ffasf machines fake if mifb ifs feffows.marsbafing info ranhs and fines, and ifs impress is innirfed fo oasf disfances — awakening and making frue fbe hopes and dreams of men. U?e mho pface fhe (offers dap bp dap miff pass, and fbep wifi fir our roemorp according as me are worfbp or unworfbp. Cbis fifffe feaden patfiefe is fhe recorder of fbe worfd. Jf is fhe herafd of fhe world to come ^•bWe^uibir IB 1 . . . .. „ . .... . . B ■ 1 . ... . . ■■■ JC33 Designed and lettered by Printed by F. J. Tkezise, The Henry O. Shepard Company, Instructor Inland Printer Technical School and Printers and Binders, I. T. U. Course in Printing. lg0 8herman street, Chicago. Copyright, 1909, by The Inland Printer Company. [THE INLAND PRINTER! 5iitered as second-class matter, June 25, 1885, at the Postoffice at Chicago, Illinois, under Act of March 3, 1879. THE LEADING TRADE JOURNAL OF THE WORLD IN THE PRINTING AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES. VOL. XLIII. No. 4. JULY, 1909. Terms -j Foreign, $3.85 per year. I Canada, $3.60 per year. THE ELEMENTS THAT GIVE PERMANENT VALUE TO PRINTING, AS EXEMPLIFIED IN THE TYPOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF BRUCE ROGERS. BY HENRY LEWIS BULLEN. HE contemporary typog¬ rapher, taken generally, is a most excellent me¬ chanic ; his better work, indeed, is glittering — too much so. So far as glitter is concerned he is the too- willing victim, it is fair to say, of his paper and his pictures. Acknowl¬ edging his superior craft and apparatus, we, nev¬ ertheless, find only ephemeral satisfaction in his work. We turn to periods of less expert printer- mechanics, using the crudest of apparatus, for printed works to live with, and year by year, if we grow in understanding, our appreciation of these younger printers of earlier times increases. There are deeper things in typography than sharp impressions, hard packing, perfect miters, glossy paper and accurate register; these are good and necessary, but soulless. The essential ele¬ ments of permanent value in printing are clarity, color and proportion, qualities so subtle that few divine them, and none without study ; hence the rarity of masterworks in any one period. The contemporary typographer is more skilful than his predecessors, but his studies are nar¬ rowed to products of the immediate year. We realize that most of our readers are, perforce, more interested in commercial printing than in any other kind, nevertheless he errs who models his work solely after the fashion of the hour. Within fifteen years typography has improved greatly. No matter how modern a printer may be, he will repudiate all the larger commercial printing of the period preceding 1895, once so well esteemed. What or who caused us to dis¬ cover its puerility? One William Morris, with a head full of poetry and hands full of craftsman¬ ship, fell in love with printing. Unapprenticed, self-tutored, he began to print. He went back four centuries for masters. He restored beauty to typography, and proved himself the heir of many of the early masters in typography. Accepting a patrimony common to all students, he added to the perpetual estate of things beautiful. He printed a few books, but these actually revolutionized the every-day commercial printing of the world. It is in a measure creditable to us that his followers are counted by thousands in America, though most of them are ignorant of Morris and his work. More specifically Morris’ work discov¬ ered a small but increasing army of lovers of good printing of every sort, though it remained for Joseph War¬ ren Phinney to demonstrate the adap¬ tability of Morris’ typography to commercial or job printing, and to extend the usefulness of Morris’ fonts and material. Morris’ work is by no brucSarkSERS’ means faultless. In so far as Morris’ printing is merely imitated its influ¬ ence will diminish. In so far as the work Morris did induces typographers to apply to the same classical sources of inspiration that Morris found, the influence of Morris’ work will increase. Already in a few instances Morris’ printing has been surpassed. The moral of our discourse may as well be stated here. It is addressed particularly to the young aspiring printers. There is, as the Inland 522 THE INLAND PRINTER SOT{GS & SONNETS OF PIERRE PE RONSARD gENTLEMAN OF T£T(- 03 O MO IS SELECTED & T RAN(S L AT EP IT(TO STILISH V£%S£ BT CURTIS HIDDEN TAGS WITH WLN INTR OD UC- TORT ESS AT & N(OTES BOSTON & NEW FORK HO UgHT ON PMIFFLIN & CO MPA NT (JA4 CM I II Printer Technical School, and admir¬ able schools in Boston and Indian¬ apolis, and the I. T. U. Course of Instruction in Printing have amply proven, an increasing number of those who desire to study the subtle qualities of printing, as well as to excel mechan¬ ically. To them we recommend the study of the printing of the accepted early masters. The first printers were successors of two perfected arts used in making books, lettering and illuminating; and their work was based on a sure founda¬ tion when they followed the masters of those arts. As time went on the print¬ ers entered on new paths, as they found themselves able to make and use smaller characters, and in those new paths many of them were influenced by the contemporaneous great revival of all the arts known as the Renais¬ sance, a revival brought about in great measure by the interchange of ideas and of aspirations made possible by the introduction of printing. Typographic students may learn much, we believe, from a relation of the methods of Bruce Rogers, a printer whose fame is established permanently, we have no doubt, among lovers of classical printing. Bruce Rogers was born in Lafay¬ ette, Indiana, in 1870. With no un¬ usual advantages, but with a strong predilection for literature and draw¬ ing, he entered Purdue University in that city and took the art course. Among his classmates and friends in the university were John T. McCutch- eon, George Ade and Booth Tarking- ton, who have attained international reputations. After graduating he was employed on line illustrations by the Indianapolis News, most of it on chalk-plates. This work was followed by service in the general offices of a rail¬ road in southern Kansas, where he stayed long enough to acquire a useful knowledge of business methods. Inclination deciding, he went back to Indianapolis in the employ of the Indiana Engra¬ ving Company, doing line and brush work and retouching. In Indianapolis he collaborated with J. M. Bowles in the designing and production of their first book, a catalogue raisonne of the Walters’ collection in Baltimore. In 1895 he went East under engagement with L. Prang & Co., then prominent in chromolithography, and in 1896 was 1555 and 1574, used for this title. employed by Houghton-Mifflin Company, River¬ side Press, Cambridge, to determine or design the typographic style of the advertisements and, later, of the books published by that company. The work of Bruce Rogers at the Riverside Press sustained the high standard of bookmaking already established there. In 1900 he was enabled by the liberal enterprise of the Houghton-Mifflin Company to commence a series of carefully printed books in limited editions under the name of River¬ side Press editions. Forty-seven works have been issued, most of which are now rare and sought by book collectors. We have observed that some young printers are THE INLAND PRINTER 523 deterred from serious study by an assumption that they do not possess the ability necessary to enter the sparsely tenanted higher walks of typography. This is a serious error, for success in printing is usually the result of patient application and experi- opposite page. ment rather than of uncommon brilliancy. The first requisite, of course, is the preliminary educa¬ tion, literary and artistic, which enables one to discriminate in a degree between the true and the meretricious in design, color and proportion. This may be self-acquired, or obtained in the numerous LA R £ I N E lM % R E. roe; d £ PIS l o 1 y £. yyt M O NS El ty £J R D UK DAL ALISON. M O 7^S E I fj £J R LE & R A N D P R I £J R. MONSElTjSJR DE L^E VERS, g sAJT RE S. Model of 1574 for the types of the Ronsard title, shown on opposite page. evening art courses which develop those artistic perceptions which are rather latent than lacking in most of us. We accept Bruce Rogers as a master, else it would profit us nothing to examine his works ; but he himself only claims to be a student, and regards all his work so far as studies toward his ideals. It is this patient progressiveness, we think, that dis¬ tinguishes him, and this quality may be used by all of us. If any of Mr. Rogers’ qualities are heaven- born, it is his unerring good taste; but neverthe¬ less , he tests his work step by step and rejects the unsatisfactory until he is certain that the accepted is good ; here again we can all follow him, though few may attain the same degree of mastership. We require to learn how to study. Looked at from the outside the problem may seem vast and confused ; as we enter, all gradually becomes com¬ prehensible, and we advance according to the measure of our abilities and earnestness. No one, therefore, should be deterred by perplexities more imaginary than real. To will to do is more than half the work. Let us now follow Mr. Rogers, so far as we understand his method. He is guided as to format by the relative literary importance of the subject:* for the forever-influencing “ Montaigne,” a folio, with specially designed large, dignified types, beau¬ tifully proportioned ; for “ Paul et Virginie,” a small quarto, reviving the style of the Didots, pre¬ dominating in the early nineteenth century, using what we call the Modern Roman, a style never since so charming as in its beginnings; for the “ Songs and Sonnets of Aldrich,” a slender, dainty 16mo. As closely as may be, the style of the typog¬ raphy of each work is contemporaneous with its original printing or with the period to which it relates; consequently, the styles are as various as the works. A defect of many private presses is the monotonous repetition of types and format, combined with lack of literary value and fresh¬ ness in the subjects chosen. When the typographic style requires the use of decorations or the subject demands illustration, these are modeled after the best suitable work of the chosen period. The designs are not original, but they are not copies. The method may be explained by a comparison of the title-page of “Songs and Sonnets of Pierre de Ronsard” (on the opposite page) with the models for the border and the types shown on this page. Observe that while the proportions of the border made in 1555 are changed and the lines cleared up to overcome the defects of poor printing in the original, the * Apart from the typographical beauties of this series, the works selected have great literary interest, several appearing in English for the first time. They also cover all periods. A few titles, with dates, will suffice to indicate the enticing nature of the contents of the Riverside Press editions : “ Sonnets and Madrigals of Michelangelo ” (1475-1564), “ Of Friendship,” by Thoreau (1817-1852), “ The Last Fight of the Revenge at Sea,” by Sir Walter Raleigh (1552-1588), “ Montaigne’s Essays,” in three volumes (1533-1592), “ Instruc¬ tions Concerning Erecting a Library,” by Gabriel Naude (1627), “Compen¬ sation,” by Emerson (1803-1882), “ Documents Relating to the Purchase and Exploration of Louisiana” (1804), “Life of Dante,” by Boccaccio (1313- 1375), “Sailors’ Narratives of Voyages Along the New England Coast” (1524-1624), “The Life and Works of Geofroy Tory, Printer” (1840-1550). 524 THE INLAND PRINTER detail is faithfully but not slavishly followed. Nothing valuable in the original is lost, while something is gained in the interpretation, and this gain is the progressive step — the kind of origi- 150 Erecting of M. Rigaultius does at prefent govern the Bibliotheque Royal eftablifhed by King Francis the firjl , and exceedingly augmented by the extream induftry & diligence which he ufed. C.After all which it lhall be very re- quifite to make two Catalogues of all the Books contained in the Library, in one whereof they fhould be fo precifely dif- pof'd according to their feveral Matters and Faculties, that one may fee & know in the twinkling of an eye, all the Au¬ thors which do meet there upon the hr ft fubjedf that fhall come into ones head ; and in the other, they fhould be faithfully ranged and reduced under an Alphabetical order of their Authours, as well to avoid the buying of them twice, as to know what are wanting, & fatisfie a Example of the Brimmer font, a page from “ Instructions Concerning Erecting a Library,” printed by Bruce Rogers, in 1903. nality that carries forward all arts, for art is an ancient, forever developing. Mr. Rogers does his own drawing. When it is necessary to reproduce without change, each deco¬ rative piece is traced over the original so that the intent of the first artist may be printed without photographic reproduction of all the defects caused by inferior presswork of the original printer. The model for the type part of the Ronsard title is a title-page, without decoration, of the year 1574, a part of which is reproduced roughly on the preceding page. The types used are Caslon Old- style Italics, with a few swash letters specially cut and cast for Mr. Rogers. Throughout all the Rogers work the same method is followed. It is simple; it is the true method; we can all follow it, and, if we do, pro¬ ceeding slowly and studiously, we can not fail to improve our work, in proportion with our abilities. The early printers are our best models, simply because they based their work on good models. They possessed no mental advantages that the averagely educated young printers of this period do not have; they had numerous obstacles with which to contend that do not exist to-day. The wonder is that with all the wealth of ideas and examples they bequeathed to all succeeding times, we do not greatly excel them. The young student may ask, “ Where may these examples be found ? ” The originals may be seen in the great libraries, but the better examples are reproduced in .many volumes. If any interest is expressed in this arti¬ cle, we will print a list of works containing exam¬ ples useful to conscientious students. The composition on the Riverside Press edi¬ tions is, of course, by hand entirely. Mr. Rogers has his own small printing-office at the rear of the great printing-factory of Houghton-Mifflin Com¬ pany, on the banks of the Charles river. Some of the books are printed on hand presses on dam¬ pened paper in the good old style which sufficed for three and a half centuries, during which the mas¬ terpieces of typography were produced, teaching a M _ JK M _ _ iZ SONNETS «C MAORI* GALS*OF MICHEL ANGELO BUONAR ROTI A X RENDER:- ED 'INTO ENGLISH VERSE ‘BY WILLIAM AWELLSA NEWELL U *tl £ X SONNETS OF MICHEL¬ ANGELO BUONAR¬ ROTI NEWELL * 4* 4k if if 4k if if MDCCCC Cover-design by Bruce Rogers, slightly reduced. The original in gold leaf on cloth. The back the same, with publisher’s device in place of lettering. This was the first of the Riverside Press editions. THE INLAND PRINTER 525 us, let us repeat, that it is the man and not the apparatus that vitalizes these cold types. In no other art do details af¬ fect the whole design so much as in printing. To print works that will live, every line must be scanned and perfected. We may be sure that • nothing is hurried in this quiet little hand shop, overshadowed by the factory noisy with machines and motors and processes pro¬ ducing so much that will mainly be forgotten when Riv¬ erside Press Editions are pass¬ ing from one life-ownership to another, cherished inmates of the library. This wonderful, necessary machinery: it has its limitations ; it covers a vast widening field, but its work can not satisfy as does that of deft hands guided by studious heads. Bruce Rogers has mainly used the types and materials at hand in the Cambridge plant. He can draw, and he can and does use the graver to advantage. He experiments in inks (as the early printers had to) to obtain permanent blacks and correct colors suit¬ able to the papers. Hand¬ made papers are not made in America, but ancient houses in Holland, France and England continue to supply as much as is needed. A glance at the title-page of “ The History of Oliver and Arthur ” shows how easily decorative features that are based on the work of. early German printers have been added to types in every¬ day use. The picture is etched in zinc, and the woodcut effect is preserved by not reducing the drawing. There may be a field for illustrators who will cultivate a line that will overcome the objectionable sharpness of the line etching when reduced according to custom. The cover of the first book of this series, “ Sonnets and Madrigals of Michelangelo/’ shown on preceding page, is another illustration of the effective use of simple lines and lettering producible easily in a printing- ; size of page, 10% by 7% inches; printed in the black-letter style of black and red, on hand-made paper, with types known commercially as The reproduction is full size, but necessarily inferior to the original, irgins and differences in paper and color. office of average equipment. The young printer will do well to learn to draw in simple, correct fashion, or architecturally. Instruction is needed even to draw a straight line correctly. The exam¬ ples just referred to illustrate the value of this easily acquired accomplishment. The Brimmer, shown on the opposite page, was the first font identified with the Riverside rttten tn french in 1511, ttangfated into d&etman by (Kltlljclm JLtel? in 1521, and noto done into by 3^ttUam Heaton and 1903. the sixteenth century, : the Cloister Black seri( through curtailment of 526 THE INLAND PRINTER CAII PLYNII SECUNDI NATURALIS HISTORIAE LIBER XIIII. IN QUO FRUCTIFERAE ARBORES TRADUNTUR. PROOEMIUM. XTERNAE ARBORES INDOCIL- esque nasci alibi quam ubi compere: & quae in alienas non commeant terras : hactenus fere sunt. Licetque jam de communibus loqui : quarum omnium peculiaris parens videri potest italia. Noscentes tantum me- minerint naturas earum a nobis interim dici: non culturas. Quanquam & colendi maxima in natura portio est. Illud satis mirari non queo : interisse quarundam memonam : atque etiam nominum quas autores prodidere: notitiam. Quis enim non com- mumcatoorbe terrarum majestate romani imperii profecisse vitam putet commercio rerum / Ac societate festce pads? omniaque: etiam quas occulta ante fuerant : in promiscuo usu facta/ At hercule non reperiunturqui norint multa ab antiquis prodita: tanto priscorum MONTAIGNE TYPES, DESIGNED BY BRUCE ROGERS. First used in “ Montaigne’s Essays,” printed in three volumes during 1902-1904. This font is modeled after the famous Roman of Nicolas Jenson, 1470. The initial is a reproduction from a series designed by Geofroy Tory, in 1526. The initial commencing this article is also a Geofroy Tory initial. Press Editions. It was in fact rescued from the melting-pot, a font from a source unremembered, about to be discarded, which was examined letter by letter, until a small font was saved that would print well on damp paper. Mr. Phinney later recut both roman and italic with sympathetic fidelity for Mr. Rogers’ use. As its admirable qualities were developed it seemed advisable to give it a name, hence Brimmer, a name not found in type-specimen books. From time to time little things have also been cut and cast — types and ornaments. In 1901 the punches for the Montaigne types, shown on this page, were cut under the direction of Bruce Rogers. Taken from the same source as Morris’ Golden types (known commercially as Jenson Old Style) , the Montaigne is superior, and is more closely modeled on the famous roman of Jenson. Montaigne types have one oddity, the smallness of the dot of the i. It bothers us by its seeming indecision. In this, however, Mr. Rogers closely follows Jenson. For “Parlement of Foules” (Chaucer, 1340- 1400), published in 1904, a recut of an ancient French black letter was found. This was used again with fine effect in 1906, in a handsome folio, “The Song of Roland,” a French poem of the eleventh century. We show this letter on the next page in the “ Christmas Greeting,” printed for the late Prof. Charles Eliot Norton by Mr. Rogers. For “ The Life and Works of Geofroy Tory, Printer ” (1480-1550) , just published, a work that should be in the library of every printer who can afford the price, a font was improvised rather ingeniously from caps of twelve-point and lower¬ case of fourteen-point Caslon Old Style. As this book is of special historic interest to printers we will defer consideration of it and its types to another time. This review of the work of Bruce Rogers, it will be observed, is from a practical rather than a dilletante viewpoint. The workmanship of these books is almost flawless. On the mechanical side THE INLAND PRINTER 527 3 each work is a model. With, pleasure we note the ad- herance to well-established rules and the almost total absence of oddities, espe¬ cially when we reflect on the more queer than quaint productions of certain much-advertised private presses, in which a few fantastic “stunts” are made to cover too much villainously bad workman¬ ship. All really good typog¬ raphy is conservative. The printer is to be praised for what we observe he re¬ frains from doing, almost as much as for what he does. The temptation toward over-elaboration is persistent. It is impossible within our space to give an ade¬ quate conception of the beauties of the Riverside Press editions. Reduced facsimiles mislead, hence we can not exhibit any specimens of the larger vol¬ umes. Perforce, our exam¬ ples, being actual size, must be from the smaller books, and even these are divested of their proper margins, papers and colors. Yet examples of these forty- seven works, together with smaller printing of Bruce Rogers, would be highly in¬ structive. We venture the suggestion that selections from all might be printed and arranged in perhaps portfolio form and sold at a moderate price, so that students of typography everywhere might study them. The careful study of such a collection would surely improve 'the every¬ day work of the student, elevate his taste and cause him to shun the mean and meaningless in typography. The Inland Printer would gladly aid in selling such a pub¬ lication. Without examples before the reader it is tiresome to dilate on typographical points; with fljAnb tfjerc were in fcfje same country 60ep/ l?crbs a6ibing in tijr fiefb, keeping watefj over tijeir flock 6y nig$t. And fo, tf?c angcf office Corb came upon tfjem, anb tfie gfory of tife Corb sijonc roupb a6out ttfem*fanb tijey were gore afraib. Anb tQc angef saib unto tijem, Jfear not: for, 6efjofb,3i6ringyou goob tibings of great joy, wfjicQ efjaff 6e to aff pcopfe. Anb subbenfy tljere was witij tfje angef a muftitube of tfjc Qcavcn fy f?ost, praising Cob, anb saying, Cfory to Cob in tCje fjigijest, anb on cartij peace, goob wiff towarb men. s Greeting,” printed by Bruce Rogers, in 1904. Original oi !, four pages. Decorations adapted by Mr. Rogers. The sa n ancient French black letter. examples before the reader little need be said. Perhaps the most beautiful book in the collec¬ tion is “ The Song of Roland,” an ample folio, Hl/2 by 17 V2 inches, printed with black letter, decidedly fresh to the eye, and, like the epic itself, of ancient 528 THE INLAND PRINTER strokes off. French origin. This book is in four colors, and strikingly illuminated by hand. The illustrations are copied in color as well as design from medal¬ lions in the thirteenth-century stained-glass win¬ dow of Charlemagne in the Cathedral of Chartres, which actually depicts the medieval story of Roland. Mr. Rogers visited Chartres to make sketches and color notes. The book was printed on hand presses. The colors (except black) of each form were printed at one impression, with separate inkings. The chief initial is in gold leaf. One who would fail to love this book might better be a bricklayer than a printer. The bindings are charmingly appropriate to the subjects and typographic styles. The margins, whether broad or narrow, are always well propor¬ tioned. Mr. Rogers’ taste and judgment seem to be well-nigh infallible. In short, we doubt if from any one press so many books as beautiful as these have ever before been issued. “ But, what have I to do with books? ” we hear the job-printer say. We have said that Morris’ books revolutionized our commercial typography. Display composition of the present time is in the main coherent, where, before Morris’ time, it was made up of disconnected lines. Tawdry orna¬ mental types were used in all kinds of work, while to-day the merely ornamental types are despised. The worthily printed book is as to a piece of job- work as a temple is to a cottage ; and where beau¬ tiful and dignified temples abound the cottages must reflect beauty and dignity. The true impor¬ tance of the masterpiece is not in. itself but in its influence. Bruce Rogers is a printer of books, the higher branch of our art, but he not infrequently prints small commercial work (even cards of admission and the like), and he puts character and beauty into these just as effectively as in the larger work. We have selected as examples of the smaller work a music program and a Christmas greeting. They TROgRAMMS i QUARTET FOR TWO VIOLINS, VIOLA, AND VIOLONCELLO: G-MINOR, opus 27 Grieg a Un poco Andante — Allegro molto ed agitato B Romance — Andanlino c Intermezzo — Allegro molto marcato D Finale — Lento, Presto al Saltarello II PIANO SOLO BALLADE: A-FLAT Chopin MR. HEINRICH GEBHARD III VIOLIN SOLO a ROMANCE, opus 20 Lalo b MOTO PERPETUO, opus 34 Ries PROFESSOR WILLY HESS IV QUINTET FOR PIANO, TWO VIOLINS, VIOLA, AND VIOLONCELLO : A-MAJOR opus 81 Dvorak a Allegro ma non troppo B Dumka — Andante con moto c Scherzo — Molto vivace D Finale — Allegro THE INLAND PRINTER 529 are chaste, lovely and entirely suitable and simple. But of these we particularly admire the “ Pro¬ gram ” itself, set in Caslon Old Style roman and italic. In it the more subtle qualities of typog¬ raphy, clarity, proportion and color, are finely illustrated. Probably, if a one-point lead was changed in it, or a thin space added or taken away from an indention it would be marred. We ven¬ ture the assertion that to be able to successfully copy this simple composition, with all the mate¬ rials at hand, would establish the competency of a compositor. We think it likely that a majority of compositors would fail to bring out its beauty again if casually instructed to duplicate it. When the printer is able to comprehend the beauty of this simple composition he is well on the way to love his art and excel in it. Without that love none can excel. Finally, the young printer who has acquired a love of good literature (and that is mainly the old literature) will derive the greater pleasure in his work. Possibly the appreciation of the contents of books is essential to success in worthily print¬ ing them. A TIMELY AND WORTHY PROJECT. “ Preventive surgery or cutting off a coupon to save a limb,” is what a woman wrote when subscribing to the Museum of Safety and Sanitation. The museum is a clear¬ ing-house where “ employers may go to learn how to avoid killing or maiming those who work in their shops, facto¬ ries, mines, fields, railways, buildings and ships.” It is also a lecture-bureau and moving-picture show that directs attention to the slaughter of men, women and children in industrial life and the best means of prevention known here and abroad. Dr. W. H. Tolman, director of the museum, says the object of the movement is not commercial but humanita¬ rian, and explains its principal purpose in this item: “ ‘ Oh, hell, I don’t want your safety device ; it’s cheaper to hire another girl than to spend any money in putting that safety device on the presses! ’ exclaimed an indus¬ trialist, with a large number of presses and punches to operate. The practical employer knows that it is not cheaper to maim than to protect his operatives. He is often willing to install a safety device, but does not know where to go to see one that is practical and inexpensive, because it must not be complicated, and it must not inter¬ fere with the output. At this point comes in the Museum of Safety and Sanitation, where employers may go to learn how to avoid killing or maiming.” Philip T. Dodge, of the Linotype Company, is acting president of the museum, and Charles Kirchhoff, T. Com- merford Martin, Frederick R. Hutton and Richard Watson Gilder are vice-presidents. The list of charter members shows other names equally well known. There are several classes of members, and the fees range from $5 for annual to $100 for life members. The office of the museum is at 29 West Thirty-ninth street, New York city. Every schoolboy and schoolgirl who has arrived at the age of reflection ought to know something about the his¬ tory of the art of printing. — Mann. 4-4 Written for The Inland Printer. PHOTOGRAVURE FOR ADVANCED STUDENTS. NO. VIII. - BY CHARLES E. DAWSON.* ELECTRO-DEPOSITION. HE rate of deposit depends upon various conditions, such as the density of the bath and tempera¬ ture, but the more rapid the de¬ posit, the more porous it will be, while the more slowly it is depos¬ ited, the denser it will be. Advan¬ tage may be taken of this fact by depositing the face of the plate very slowly, in order to obtain a hard face, and then hastening the deposit to make up the thickness required. It will take about a week, running day and night, to grow or deposit a plate of the usual thickness of good quality. In dealing with currents of low voltage and large volume, it is of the utmost importance that all contacts are of ample area and held firmly together, as very little resistance will cut down the flow of current wonderfully. In order to obtain as broad contacts for the ends of the rods as possible, it is well to have solid copper ends brazed into them and these ends flattened so as to rest solidly on the distributing bars. The arrange¬ ment of the bars is shown in Fig. 12. The battery rods rest directly on the distributing bars, and so Fig. 12. reduce the loss of current to the lowest amount. Where accumulators or storage batteries are used, the leads should be of very large area, and should be brought to the baths overhead and clamped sol¬ idly to the ends of the distributor bars. A switch¬ board should be arranged so that the batteries can be charged in series and discharged in parallel by the movement of the switch. The feeders should be made of hard-rolled copper and should be about two inches wide by half an inch thick. Where the rods are coupled in series parallel, they will have to be connected with each other by means of bridge-pieces. These pieces and the ends of the rods should have corresponding holes drilled through them, through which bolts can be * All rights reserved. 530 THE INLAND PRINTER passed and held securely in place by nuts. These bolts and nuts must be made of bronze. PRIMARY BATTERIES. When primary batteries are to be used, the most suitable will be the kind called “ Smee’s,” invented by the celebrated electrician of that name. This battery consists of silver elements for the positive and amalgamated zinc elements for the negative, excited in a bath of diluted sul¬ phuric acid. It is a very simple and reliable battery and easy to keep in order. As shown in Fig. 7, the battery trough is arranged immedi¬ ately at the side of the depositing trough, so that dipping them in the battery solution for a few moments and then pouring a little mercury on the surface, working this all over them by means of a stiff brush, treating both sides the same. Every day the zincs should be brushed and the rods and hooks cleaned. The plates should also be turned end for end, in order to insure an equal wasting of their substance. When they get dangerously thin, or fall to pieces, the scraps can be used up entirely by means of the wire-basket shown in the illustration, Fig. 12. They are simply collected and placed in the basket, which is hung on the rod in exactly the same manner as the zincs are. The very last atom of zinc will then be converted into the battery rods may rest directly on the feeders, the positive silvers on the anode rod, B, and the negative zincs on the cathode rod, A. The best way to mount the silvers, which are thin sheets of pure silver treated with a surface deposit of platinum, is to rivet a frame of hard rubber, Fig. 12, around them and to attach by solder the top of the silver to a stout piece of copper, which being twisted through an angle of ninety degrees, at the ends forms a good broad conducting surface to rest on the anode feeder. The zinc elements are simply thick pieces of sheet zinc having a couple of holes drilled at each end, through which stout copper-wire hooks pass, which, in turn, embrace the supporting rod resting on the cathode dis¬ tributor. All contacts should be examined every day and polished. AMALGAMATION. The zincs are amalgamated with mercury in the sink provided for that purpose, Fig. 5, by useful current. It will be necessary to take out the pieces from time to time and scrub them, so as to insure good contact with the basket. As the zinc is dissolved the mercury will fall to the bot¬ tom of the battery trough and so be available for use again. When not in use the zincs should be placed upright in the mercury tank, while the silvers should be hung up on a rack. The greatest care should be exercised to avoid getting mercury on the silvers. BATTERY TROUGH. The battery trough should be of stoneware and provided with a faucet, so that the spent acid can be drawn off without trouble and a fresh quantity supplied without even taking out the elements. This is a convenience and saves many accidents. A stoneware trough should be kept for mixing the acid, as this sets up much heat, and fresh acid should not be put in the battery trough until quite COld. (To be continued.) THE INLAND PRINTER 531 n for The Inland Printer. PLANNING A PRINTING OFFICE. PRINTERS who are about to build or to move into new premises make occasion to take more or less ex¬ tended tours of inspection to glean ideas from other printers, so that they may adapt them to their own use. While this is good as far as it goes, too often an idea that works well with one printer is not suited to another, and there is nothing so barren of re¬ sults as a misfit plan. Remember, reader, once a plan is deter- mined on and the material is in place it is too late to change. When the printer re¬ turns from his tour of inspection he may have plans more or less definitely formed, and one of the causes of bad planning is the occasional ob¬ session and fixa¬ tion of one idea and irritation and resentment toward any sug¬ gested modifica¬ tion of it. To keep the mind open to sugges¬ tion, to take into consultation as many of the men associated in the business as em¬ ployees or other¬ wise as possible, and, after weigh¬ ing all the evi¬ dence and possi- half-tone Lom JAp bilities, determine what is to be done, is the surest way to satisfac¬ tory results. Every office is its own problem. In order to work the problem out, make a map of the floor plan. Take a large sheet of quadrille-ruled paper and let each of the squares represent a square foot of the floor space. Mark the places for the partitions, if any, the windows, doors, elevators, light-shaft, which can be easily done to scale established by the squares. Next make a list of all the frames, banks, desks, platen presses, cylinder presses, etc., that are to have place on the floor. Make a careful measurement of the dimensions of each. Then take cards and cut them to the dimensions meas¬ ured for each article, using the basis of the scale established by the squares of the quadrille-ruled paper. The name of each article represented by the card dummy may be written on it, or colored cards may be used, the same color for the cyl¬ inder presses, an- other color for the platens, an¬ other for the frames, etc. You are now in a position to play a sort of game of checkers with your various aides in your shop in laying out the plant in the most conve¬ nient way to transact your business with the least amount of unnecessary foot¬ work. Every un¬ necessary step in the printing-office costs you money. So arrange your plant that the work shall pro¬ ceed in one way, and go through i t s progressive stages in an or- STESE WOOD ENGRAVING. & derly way. Good light is an asset in a printing-office. An adequate receiving and shipping room. Provision for sort¬ ing and baling all waste-paper. All things arranged in an orderly way beget order in manufacturing of printing — and “order is heaven’s first law.” 532 THE INLAND PRINTER ritten for The Inland Printer. MECHANICAL METHOD AND COST SYSTEMS. BY CHARLIE HAYES. }FTER the employing printer has found out his cost of production or the average cost in his community, it is true that he has secured valu¬ able information, but however extensive this information may be¬ come, it can never satisfy inquiry. Systems of any description are advantageous if lived up to, but they must have nutrition ; they require stimula¬ ting; and the stimulant most beneficial to the cost systems re¬ cently adopted and in operation in many printing- offices throughout our country is mechanical meth¬ ods. When we place “Cost Sys¬ tems ” and “ Me¬ chanical M eth- ods ” side by side and compare the relative strength of each, which of them do we find the most profit¬ able factor in the production of a piece of printed matter? Cost system does not prevent men from utilizing fif¬ teen hours on a ten-hour job, nor does it prevent a proof from going to a customer with numerous errors in it; nor does it prevent workmen from looking to one an¬ other for instruc¬ tions; nor does it prevent a form going to press with errors that have to be corrected on the press, and a multitude of other illustrations too numer¬ ous to mention, all of which mechanical methods have the power of preventing. It is thus we see that mechanical methods are the most powerful factor of the two. Mechanical methods can live without cost system and thrive, but cost systems can not live without mechanical methods; yet, on the other hand, when sharp mechanical methods are combined with rigid system, and backed with mechanical brains, sys¬ tem then becomes a prime factor in the printing industry. When we reach the mechanical departments of our modern printing establishments, and note the various processes through which a piece of printed matter has to pass on its way to comple¬ tion, and take into considera¬ tion the fact that time comprises the bulk of the product on which profit and loss can be based, and there is a cer¬ tainty that the allotted time esti¬ mated to complete the job was amply sufficient, yet the time con¬ sumed is greatly in excess, where does the fault lie ? Which is to blame ? System or mechanical methods? Some men are too will¬ ing to assume that things are going right, and spend sleepless nights in fear that something “might” be wrong ; but the fellow who rather supposes that things are going “wrong” until they are proved to be “right” is the better off in the long run. That there Is need for excluding the possibility of going wrong is plainly manifested. The mechanical departments produce the profit and not the business office with all of its elaborate “ systems.” THE INLAND PRINTER 533 Written for The Inland Printer. VALUE OF THE NEWS ELEMENT IN ADVERTISING. BY S. ROLAND HALL. ^NE large department store calls its copy-writers “ reporters.” This name for the writers of advertising copy emphasizes an important truth often overlooked, that is, that a '’A great deal of advertising should be news — business news, of course, but no less interesting and no less effective than much of the matter appearing in the so-called reading columns of newspapers and magazines. Copy-writers are being continually urged to kind of suit the inquirer has in mind and will then describe as realistically as he can what his store has that will meet the need. Why is it so difficult for the writers of adver¬ tising copy to do the apparently simple thing of describing the interesting features in a newsy way? Why does it seem to be the common impulse, even with men that in the store or on the road are good salesmen, to do stunts or to fly the track in their efforts at the clever things that Mr. Walt McDougal thinks are so important — whenever they begin to put their salesmanship on paper? This will always remain one of the mysteries of advertising. take lessons from the work of the good salesman. The salesman in the store is ever ready with inter¬ esting particulars of the goods he offers for sale. If it is a suit that he is trying to sell, he. leaves nothing unsaid about the style, the finish, the wear¬ ing qualities that is likely to interest and impress the prospective buyer. Catch the good salesman away from the store, with no suit to help him out with his canvass, and even then he doesn’t content himself with telling an inquirer that the store “ carries positively the most magnificent line of clothing ever offered in the city of Buffalo.” He will intuitively find what The copy-writer will be helped if he will keep in mind that he is to play the part of a reporter as well as that of a salesman. An acquaintance of mine some time ago got an ice-cream concern interested in better advertising. The proprietor had been advertising his cream as “ the best in town.” Moses, if he made ice-cream, probably made the same claim. The claim was entirely devoid of news value and impressiveness. This acquaintance began to nose around. He was a walking interrogation-point. He wasn’t long in discovering that for years this firm had regularly kept up a standard of butter-fat in its 534 THE INLAND PRINTER cream that was about one-fourth higher (and richer) than other ice-creams — a strong point. Then he found that no ordinary water was used around the factory, that it all came from a fine, private artesian well that went away down under the rocks. He discovered that the maker of the cream put up special flavors such as cherry and hickory-nut for Sunday dessert — facts that not one woman in a hun¬ dred of that town was familiar with. And what an interesting se¬ ries of little ad¬ vertisements he was able to get out. He actually told the people of that city a num¬ ber of things that they were as much interested in knowing as they were in read¬ ing straight news. What is more in- teresting to a housekeeper than a good suggestion for Sunday des¬ sert? White Rock water was used by the Southern Society of New York at one of its annual dinners. This incident gave the copy¬ writer a chance to publish an in¬ teresting news item that brought the advertisement increased atten¬ tion. A mail-sack found in Alaska, after having been lost for several years, contained a watch that, when recovered, went on ticking as if it had just come from the jewelers and hadn’t lain in snow for several seasons. A reproduction of the clipping, along with some points about the construction of the watch, gives an advertisement that people will read out of pure interest without realizing that they are reading an advertisement. In spite of the efforts made to stamp out press- agent work, it must be conceded that there is a great deal of business news that is really worthy of a place as news. When advertisers learn that they hurt themselves by including self-praise in the items that they send to editors there will be less complaint about press-agent work. A great many publishers, particularly among the trade and technical papers, welcome items dealing with new plans, new ma¬ chinery, improved methods of oper¬ ating. If such items are written in the style that leads the reader to believe that he is reading real news or real in¬ struction, rather than thinly dis¬ guised advertise¬ ments, the effect will be much stronger. A plainly dressed woman some time ago walked into one of the banks of Scranton to open a savings ac¬ count. When she was asked how much she wished to deposit, she calmly presented a $1,000 note. When the teller tactfully inquired how she hap¬ pened to come to that bank, she said, “I saw the advertisement in the - ,” naming one of the local daily papers. An account of the incident was welcomed by the paper, for it was a good advertisement of its own power as a medium, but it was publicity for the bank at the same time. The “stunter” will not be downed. He receives encouragement from much of the work of the big advertisers, and he is apparently unable to dis¬ criminate between mere “attention” and atten¬ tion that inclines people toward buying the goods. THE INLAND PRINTER 535 An eastern concern, makers of printing-inks, have a full-page advertisement in a prominent trade journal, the upper half of which is a half¬ tone showing a prostrate figure of a man who has evidently been stricken down by two enormous apples, several times bigger than his own body, one of which has pinned him fast to the ground. The effect is pro¬ duced by inge¬ nious patching of two photographs, although the en¬ graver might have selected an apple orchard in¬ stead of a grove of timber, for the setting of the “ accident/' The text of the adver¬ tisement reads: IMAGINE (No. 4.) Sir Isaac Newton sitting under an ap¬ ple-tree, bearing some of the above apples — the result of Professor Bur¬ bank’s earnest ef¬ forts. Isn’t it just possible that the “ law of g r a v i t a- tion ” would have been impressed even more suddenly on his mind had the above accident oc¬ curred? We think so. Now, it isn’t necessary for us to drop a can or a bar¬ rel of ink on the head of the average printer to make him understand its good qualities • — all we want is a trial order to demonstrate what we have said about our high-grade inks. It is likely that the company whose advertise¬ ment is quoted above, makes some special inks that produce unusually good results for certain kinds of work, and that printers generally do not know all about these inks. This being the case, it would seem to be a pity that the advertiser did not see fit to volunteer this really interesting bit of trade news for the benefit of the readers of the journal, instead of filling expensive space in a trade paper with a rambling, inappropriate statement and pic¬ ture which bears no relation whatever to the goods advertised. While the advertisement doubtless attracted attention because of its prominence and the unusual character of the illustration, it cer¬ tainly distracted it from the real subject of the advertisement, and even from the author’s name. It would be a good investment for this manufac¬ turer to employ a capable adver¬ tising “reporter” to nose around for a day or so to find and write up the newsy things about the mak¬ ing and using of fine printing- inks, though it may be admitted that manufactur¬ ers prefer to gen- e r a 1 i z e rather than be specific. THE COST OF A LIE. For furnishing false information to a reporter for a New York morning newspaper, E. W, Welch, a lawyer, was given the alter¬ native of paying a fine of $150 or of going to jail. The suit involved a claim for damages and in¬ cidentally a woman’s reputation. City Court Justice La Fetra in his deci¬ sion said : “ I want to say that it is il¬ legal for any one to parcel out ‘ fakes,’ or false stories, to newspapers. For a lawyer to be guilty of any such indiscretion is doubly criminal, for the reason that he not only does an injustice to the newspapers, but he puts the Bar Association in bad repute. Both have trou¬ bles enough to contend with without anomalies of the char¬ acter contained in the papers before me.” Justice La Fetra refused to accept any of the excuses offered by the defendant. The action was taken under an enactment by the New York Legislature, which makes it a misdemeanor to give false information to a newspaper. — Practical Advertising. Prom Deutsche Kunst und Dekc THE INLAND PRINTER 537 EDITORIAL NOTES. THOUGH proverbially a delinquent in that respect, we rise to remark that a printer’s advertising should be the best product of his office, and yet something that could be duplicated for any customer who is willing to pay the price. A. H. McQuilkin, Editor. Published monthly by THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago, U. S. A. Address all Communications to The Inland Printer Company. New York Office : Tribune building, City Hall square. In the more progressive centers there has been sufficient investigation to show that gross mis¬ management is the cause of failure in many instances. Nowadays when a manager or a direc¬ tor complains that this or that department or group of employees is causing him to lose money, he is listened to politely, but a large interrogation point looms in the auditor’s mental vision. Vol. XLIII. JULY, 1909. No. 4 The Inland Printer is issued promptly on the first of each month. It aims to furnish the latest and most authoritative information on all matters relating to the printing trades and allied industries. Contributions are solicited and prompt remittance made for all acceptable matter. SUBSCRIPTION RATES. One year, $3.00; six months, $1.50, payable always in advance. Sample copies, 30 cents? none free. Subscriptions may be sent by express, draft, money order or registered letter. Make all remittances payable to The Inland Printer Company. When Subscriptions Expire, the magazine is discontinued unless a renewal is received previous to the publication of the following issue. Subscribers will avoid any delay in the receipt of the first copy of their renewal by promptly using the blank enclosed in the preceding number. Do not detach the lower coupon. Foreign Subscriptions. — To Canada, postage prepaid, two dollars and sixty cents; to all other countries within the postal union, postage pre¬ paid, three dollars and eighty-five cents, or sixteen shillings per annum in advance. Make foreign money orders payable to The Inland Printer Company. No foreign postage stamps accepted. Important.— Foreign money orders received in the United States do not bear the name of the sender. Foreign subscribers should he careful to send letters of advice at same time remittance is sent, to insure proper credit. Single copies may be obtained from all news-dealers and typefounders throughout the United States and Canada, and subscriptions may be made through the same agencies. Patrons will confer a favor by sending us the names of responsible news¬ dealers who do not keep it on sale. ADVERTISING RATES Furnished on application. The value of The Inland Printer as an adver¬ tising medium is unquestioned. The character of the advertisements now in its columns, and the number of them, tell the whole story. Circulation considered, it is the cheapest trade journal in the United States to adver¬ tise in. Advertisements, to insure insertion in the issue of any month, should reach this office not later than the fifteenth of the month preceding. In order to protect the interests of purchasers, advertisers of novelties, advertising devices, and all cash-with-order goods, are required to satisfy the management of this journal of their intention to honestly fulfill the offers in their advertisements, and to that end samples of the thing or things advertised must accompany the application for advertising space. The Inland Printer reserves the right to reject any advertisement for FOREIGN AGENTS. E. C„ Englan_. Raithby, Lawrence & Co. (Limited), De Montfort Raithby, Lawrence & Co. (Limited), Thanet Ho W. C., England. Penrose & Co., 109 Farringdon Road, London, E. C., England. T”” f . — " - " - " - 3 buildings, London, E. C., Wm. Dawson & Sons, Cannon 1 Alex. Co' _ __ .... Adelaide, Australi Cowan & Co., Wellington, New Zealand. F. T. Wimble & Co., 87 Clarence street, Sydney, N. S. W. G. Hedeler-, Niirnbergerstrasse 18, Leipsic, Germany. H. Calmels, 150 Boulevard du Montparnasse, Paris, France. John Dickinson & Co. (Limited), Capetown and Johannesburg, South Afrit A. Oudshoorn, 179 rue de Paris, Charenton, France. Jean Van Overstraeten, 3 rue Villa Hermosa, Brussels, Belgium. & Sons, (Limited), General Agents, Melbourne, Sydney and Those disposed to rail at the effectiveness of mere educational work in the effort to have print¬ ing done at a profit, must not forget that men do what they think about. They may be slow in doing that, but they never do what they haven’t thought about. Do first things first is an admirable rule. And it is patent — regrettable though it be — that the first thing with many printers is to show them what profit is, create a real, moving desire for it, and then demonstrate how it may be obtained. Enterprise is not confined to those who sit in front offices and smoke and “plan.” There are others keen to take advantage of modern methods, and to plan also. In a contemporary we read of a ruler who descended on a western city with a set of moving-picture films showing him at work on a ruling machine. This appears to have the old “ recommend ” and “ smooth line of talk ” put among the things that are obsolete, as the corre¬ spondent says sententiously, “He got a job.” Is it possible that we are entering an era when a pho¬ tograph of the sick baby or ailing wife will accom¬ pany the oral explanation of “ Why I didn’t show up yesterday?” _ At Detroit the United Typothetse will hold its twenty-third annual convention, and outward signs do not give promise of anything startling in the way of legislation. Last year Mr. Ellis’ proposal to materially change the policy of the organization was being discussed for months before the conven¬ tion. From official sources at this writing there is no intimation that any question of moment is likely to be disposed of. There has been a reduc¬ tion in dues during the year, and this and other pecuniary matters may engage attention, but they are not affairs of public interest. The innovation will be the setting aside of time for the secretaries of local Typothetse who will read papers intended 538 THE INLAND PRINTER to provoke discussion that will expose trade condi¬ tions in the various cities and develop methods for betterment. The program, which we print else¬ where, is a guarantee that the social features inci¬ dental to conventions are not to be overlooked. The National Editorial Association goes far¬ thest, and has the best time of all convention-goers in the allied trades. This year the happy country editor has his feast of reason and flow of soul at Seattle, and some of him will go to Alaska. We of the blare and bustle of the city wonder why we ever left the quiet town and humdrum village to let such summer prizes pass us by. “All that glistens is not gold” and several other similar “tags” smite us painfully as we ponder on the delights of “ Pay Streak ” and the luxury of Alaskan waters in midsummer. The union card is supposed to be a certifica¬ tion of the fact that the holder is competent to earn the standard wage. This is true in theory only. With the causes which make this theoret¬ ical instead of practical the man who has to pay the bills is not interested. The union proposes to sell him a service, and the service is often defec¬ tive. The International Typographical Union is working energetically to improve its service by supplementary education. The unit of strength in the union is the skilled workman. Less union politics and more craft pride will bring organized labor into its true place and power. British printers surely know what to do with the Prince of Wales, who has been represented to us by a recent writer as being a dull chap, with about the mental equipment to make a good British king, but not sufficiently alert to be acceptable as a prince. However, His Highness presided at a festival of the Printers’ Pension and Orphan Asy¬ lum Corporation, and made a good speech on the printer and his works. But, he did not stop with a speech ; he took up a collection, so to speak, with such success that the corporation’s funds benefited to the extent of about $66,000, the prince giving $500 for himself and $250 for King Edward. Of the printer, the Prince said he was the invisible friend of all who wrote or read; his elimination would mean social, political and commercial col¬ lapse, for he has been the instrument of truth, liberty and freedom. He spoke of the keen com¬ petition that made the printer’s life more strenu¬ ous than ever before, notwithstanding what civ¬ ilization and legislation had done to make life more reasonable. He complimented the profession, if you please, on having retained so much of the old apprenticeship system, and lauded those who were instrumental in providing technical schools where apprentices and others could obtain instruction supplementing that acquired in the offices. All of which shows that the Prince of Wales knows who to go to when he wants material for speeches, or that he has been watching the printerman with an eagle eye, and also knows on whom to lavish his spare change when he leads a campaign on behalf of the unfortunates of the craft. Since the retirement of Senator Platt, the way of the express companies have been beset with thorns. Nathan B. Williams, an Arkansas lawyer, has been delving into the law and workings of the Postoffice Department and finds that the express companies are carrying large quantities of profit¬ able mail matter, which accounts for twenty-four- million-dollar express-company “melons” and fifteen-million-dollar postal deficits. In the jug¬ gling of rates and classifications that brings about this result, towns, villages and industries are dis¬ criminated against in such a manner as to be offensive to good public policy. Mr. Williams also maintains that this is contrary to the provision in the revised statutes which is intended to create a monopoly of mail-carrying for Uncle Sam. Some years ago an individualist — one believing the less we have of government the better — who endeav¬ ored to demonstrate that the postoffice was a clumsy and expensive affair, undertook to carry mail between two Eastern points at a reduction on the regular rates. The judiciary cut short his career as a practical reformer, so Mr. Williams has brought his contention before the courts. If he is upheld, it will simply be another illustration of the fondness bureaucrats have for the time- honored practice of stopping petty leaks at the spigot and allowing floods to proceed out of the bunghole. _ Senator Paynter, of Kentucky, thinks the duty on Linotypes too high and would cut it to ten per cent. If his reasoning were applied in its entirety, all that goes into the making of a news¬ paper would be placed on the free list, a very improbable happening. After speaking of the power of thirteen thousand country newspapers which have their type set in the old-fashioned way, the Senator said : “ The Government can not put its functions to a more beneficial use than in lend¬ ing the necessary aid in the education of the people and in the distribution of knowledge. If Con¬ gress would safeguard the independence of the press it should not retain on the statute books laws which prevent newspapers from obtaining the material they need at reasonable prices, for their prosperity and success removes from their path- THE INLAND PRINTER 539 ways obstacles which do not conduce to indepen¬ dence.” “ Which listens well,” as the phrase goes, but indicates a fiscal system entirely at variance with the settled policy of the country. We must confess that if such a plea is regarded as justifica¬ tion for putting any raw material on the free list, it should hold for all. Is it possible that because paper is a large matter with big publishers “ free paper” finds friends in Congress? If so, it is a tribute to the organization of the last mentioned, for there is not much doubt the humbler editors and publishers wield the greater influence with their public. As yet, however, they have not affil¬ iated in such a manner as to make that influence felt most effectively. If they had done so, we may be sure Senator Paynter would not be standing alone as their champion in the Senate chamber. Like the commercial printer, the country editor and publisher is allowing a great quantity of power and energy to go to waste simply because he doesn’t know “ where he is at.” The real cause of the retirement of Census Director North is shrouded in mystery, for a dis¬ agreement with the secretary of the department about some detail of management does not explain the removal of a man with Mr. North’s influence. While not going the length of reiterating the asser¬ tion that the Census Bureau issued reports which seemed to be the product of the Ananias family, yet they were disappointing. Readers will recall the efforts of The Inland Printer to get some concise information out of the Bulletin on the printing industry. Laymen and an expert were unable to give us the desired knowledge. Those in a position to know something about the Bureau smiled at our perplexity. Then came Superin¬ tendent North’s memorandum giving the prices of paper. So far as a layman could judge, the News¬ paper Publishers’ Association demonstrated that the Bureau’s figures were worse than useless. The census is a very expensive affair, and its reports should not only be reliable but understandable to the layman. We trust that under the new man¬ agement when schedules are being prepared for the graphic arts, practical men will be consulted in the arrangement of them. It is not enough that the work is assigned a Census Bureau clerk who at one time conducted an establishment of some kind. There have been vast changes in a few years, and while one man may know how to meet the needs of the country publisher, or small city •office, or large concern, he may not be — and very likely is not — capable of preparing schedules suit¬ able for all three. Business men are expected to go to the expense and trouble of filling out the blanks, and it is reasonable to expect that the result should be of some real value to them and questions phrased in the current language of the trade. The idea that came out of the West — a com¬ bination of the allied industries — is taking hold. Daniel Baker, addressing a joint meeting of the board of trade and Typothetse at Philadelphia, said that notwithstanding all the talk of the crim¬ inality of doing jointly what one can do alone, the “ community of interest ” idea “ is the real and right controlling influence of business conditions at the present time.” He argued forcefully and correctly that printers, electrotypers, binders, ink- men and the regiment of supply men apparently are buying and selling of one another, but in real¬ ity there is only one customer, the public, “ which will pay just what we collectively ask it to pay, and that if any one of us loses his share of the profit on the sale all of us suffer. We should be a unit in this, as the public is a unit in getting value for what it pays.” It pleases The Inland Printer, which, keeping its economic ear to the ground, has observed the trend of events and for long has preached effective cooperation, to hear men like Mr. Baker preaching the same doctrine. We notice that he does not take within his purview the 'most important element in production — labor. On the Pacific coast it is treated as tradition says Solomon treated the smith at the Temple. The reason for this disparity is plain ; in one place the unions are powerful and in the other compara¬ tively weak. In such circumstances the omitted factor is bound to be made to feel the heel of the combination. There may be no declared policy, or even desire, to that effect, but it will come as inevitably as that a weighty superstructure bears more heavily on the foundation than a lighter one. What the result will be we do not pretend to say, but we know that repression produces explosions, and the parent of revolt is oppression. The retirement — and it seems to be perma¬ nent this time — of John Macintyre as secretary of the United Typothetse removes from official position in the printing field a somewhat pictur¬ esque character. Professing to be an apostle of peace, he was thought by many — every employee and some employers — to be the harbinger of trou¬ ble. That he could advocate peace and be a fighter — which Mr. Macintyre is — might be understood, but that he should promote pacific measures and support propositions intended to provoke war is not so easily reconcilable. The ordinary explana¬ tion of such conduct is that the man is erratic or 540 THE INLAND PRINTER not honest with himself, the result of a kink in his intellectual make-up that renders him mentally dis¬ honest. Mr. Macintyre’s friends have explained this defect in his public career by saying he was a mere servant and followed rather than framed Typothetse policies. These apologists do not ele¬ vate their hero. Mr. Macintyre has in him some of the qualities of leadership, and, if he allowed them to be subordinated to the whims and wishes of others, thus doing violence to his convictions, his friends put him on a lower plane than do most of his opponents. It is still worse to accept the other explanation that, like many other secretaries of employers’ organizations, he promoted dis¬ turbances for business reasons, as it put money in his purse. While by no means an ardent admirer of the gentleman, we can not bring ourselves to believe that Mr. Macintyre was so shortsighted as to pursue that policy with employing printers. If he was actuated by such a motive, we may be sure his sin will find him out. No man in the craft was so idolized by his partizans as was Mr. Macintyre during war time ; but that has perceptibly lessened since his return to office last autumn. There was mild criticism then, and now his official retirement is given to the world without a word of appre¬ ciative comment. Whatever the reason for this silence — supineness, avariciousness, or the mental twist that prevented his being honest with him¬ self — Mr. Macintyre will be remembered as a craft official devoted to destructive rather than constructive work. We wish he had made better use of his opportunities. The convention held at Omaha last month marked the coming of age of the International Printing Pressmen’s Union. Born of a schism in the International Typographical Union, the press¬ men’s organization has had a somewhat stormy career. First it was regarded as Ishmaelitish by organized labor, for which it received balm to its outraged feelings by being designated as a model association of its kind by employers’ associations. For years it was coddled in that way. The more emotional and the philosophical of the member¬ ship resented that, and the feeling of resentment reached flood-tide when the eight-hour question was up for disposition. A combination of circum¬ stances led the erstwhile model organization to take the most drastic action ever taken by a union in the printing trades. We, in common with the great mass in the trade, regarded it as a violation of contract. At that time it looked as though the organization was approaching the throes of dis¬ ruption. The Typothetse left the question of breach of contract to the arbitrament of the courts and secured a temporary injunction. From that moment the waning fortunes of the union revived. The court ultimately decided that the contract was improperly entered into and therefore not binding on the pressmen. Since then the pressmen’s union has been gaining ground, and advance sheets of the officers’ reports show it to be in a prosperous condition. It is still prosecuting an eight-hour campaign, but has it and other troublesome mat¬ ters so well in hand that there is promise of it beginning a career of constructive work. The conditions under which the present officers were elected made them an object of interest — sus¬ picion would be the proper designation of the attitude of many of the craft. The national arbi¬ tration board of the Newspaper Publishers’ Asso¬ ciation has given them a certificate of fairness, and they have taken an advanced position regard¬ ing some features of craft affairs till now they are fairly well understood. Pressmen have become so important a factor in the economy of printing- offices that we hope their union will achieve the most optimistic expectations of its friends. A CHURCH GRAFT HIT. Advertising in church programs was given a severe jolt last week when Rev. M. A. Matthews, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, of Seattle, in a talk on “ Tol¬ erated Graft on the Increase,” had this to say of it : “Among the many kinds of graft now tolerated, and which are steadily increasing because of this toleration, is religious, or ecclesiastical, graft. “ When I first came to Seattle I found in the program of this church a number of advertisements of local mer¬ chants. I protested against this. No merchant ever sold 5 cents’ worth of goods through an advertisement in a church program. “ The church, in accepting the merchant’s money for the little two-line advertisement, was simply grafting, by using the church as a means of holding him up for the money paid for the advertisement. “ The average church dinner is also a specimen of eccle¬ siastical grafting. The church goes to the merchants of the city and begs the ham, bread, cake and sugar, prepares the dinner, and then invites the very merchants who have given the materials to the dinner or luncheon at 50 cents per plate. “ The merchant gets no value for his money; he is sim¬ ply held up by the church organization. If churches can not publish programs and can not give entertainments and dinners without this sort of grafting, they should forever cease publishing programs and giving dinners.” — Fourth Estate. “GEYSER” OR “KAISER?” The teacher was giving a geography lesson, and the class, having traveled from London to Labrador, and from Thessaly to Timbuctoo, was thoroughly worn out. “And now,” said the teacher, “ we come to Germany, that important country governed by the Kaiser. Tommy Jones, what is a Kaiser? ” “ Please ’m,” yawned Tommy Jones, “ a stream of hot water springin’ up an’ disturbin’ the earth ! ” — Argonaut. THE INLAND PRINTER 541 THE PRINTER AND HIS CLAIMS. HAT you say and how you say it, and to whom you say it, are the impor¬ tant considerations in advertising. The claims which a printer makes — the arguments he puts up — in order to get trade, may be roughly i divided into two classes. The first class is the educational argument, the advantages of using a liberal amount of printed matter and the still greater advantage of using only that of first-class quality. The second standard of practice in the trade, and the result is a flat monotony. It is not to be forgotten that if you distribute a thousand carelessly prepared booklets or circu¬ lars, costing $20, and you receive only one inquiry or one order, that inquiry has cost you just $20. On the other hand, if you send out the same num¬ ber of correctly written and printed circulars, which cost, let us say, $40, and you receive twenty inquiries, each of those will have cost you only $2. These figures are extreme, but they vary only with the degree of quality in the writing and printing of the printer’s advertising matter. But this is a slight digression. What we are An INDICATION of stability and business standing — a favor¬ able impression which is difficult to shake — is given by tasteful and well-executed business stationery. No economy in its truest sense is found in cur¬ tailing the efficiency of this element of success. It is the most widely distributed of all the factors that speak for the standing of a business house — it is the most neglected. We are specialists in business literature, and design and print individualized stationery. We are not cheap, but our work is worth more than we ask for it. THE HOLM PRINTERY 124 CLARK ST. CHICAGO, ILL. class is the argument that the printer who is addressing the prospective customer is peculiarly well fitted to do first-class work under conditions that are most favorable to the customer. Printers usually prepare their own advertising matter. But those who are familiar with the value of advertising recognize the superior efficiency of specialists. They employ the experienced writers — men who know how to make a statement having conviction-carrying power, and to dress the state¬ ment appropriately. Printers, as a rule, know very little of the subtle qualities of type expression. They know the technique — how to put type together; but their selections of letter, suitable form, just arrangement, are usually taken from a considering is the printer’s claims as verbally expressed. From a number of specimens of print¬ ers’ advertisements the following are selected, which readers will find it interesting to modify and attempt to improve : WRITE! But when you write use stationery printed by us — it is always right and all ways right. We guarantee to do as good work as any print-shop at ninety per cent of its prices. Order that stationery now, before you run out of the old; you will be surprised at the excellence of it. Pratt’s Practical Printery. DO YOU KNOW there is a bright spot in the career of any Business Man when he comes to realize there is no better medium for 542 THE INLAND PRINTER extending ’ his trade than Good Printing and Advertis¬ ing? We make Business Building Printing a Study. The Schaefer Press. SHAKESPEARE SAID The appaiel oft proclaims the man.” Every one seems to think he just about hit the nail on the head when he said that. But, in a transaction by mail, what then proclaims the man? Not his good clothes. Not much. It’s the qual¬ ity of his business stationery that cuts the ice then. Send your next order for stationery to Jones Brothers, Printers, Bismarck, North Dakota. TIMELINESS. Printing ranks second in value in the world’s industries. As a factor in securing results, it ranks first. This makes it important enough to warrant the Blanchard Press becom¬ ing your printers. Because, in addition to the quality of our work, we deliver it on time. Make your printing needs our work, and we will show why we have earned the privi¬ lege of adopting “ On Time and Right ” as our business slogan. The Blanchard Press. THE STUFF PRINTING CONCERN. Dear People: Cheer up. The Horse Show is on, the Western Washington Fair is about to open, the Primaries will soon be off, Election Day will come a-whoopin’, Bill is sure to be IT, Potatoes is fine, so’s the weather — Cheer up, You — Quit your Grumbling — Get In and Help Dig. Seriously, the printing business is one of the best cri- terions of commercial prospects. We have handled during the past month the largest volume of high-class, bona-fide business printing we have ever booked in a corresponding time in Seattle. (Eight years in Seattle, establishing and operating two of the best known printing-plants in the West.) This means something to us all. At your service for the best. The Stuff Printing Concern, by Harry S. Stuff. N. B. — Don’t forget to boost the big show. DISTINCTIVE PRINTING. Printing is the ambassador of trade. It is sent out to acquaint your customers with your business. It goes where you can not be; it tells the story you would have told had you been able to go in its stead; it is the means by which you hope to attract attention to your house; to interest the public and secure patronage, if at all possible. In order to achieve these results and secure adequate returns for the money invested, it is vitally essential that your printed lit¬ erature have distinctive qualities. Ordinary printing is forgetable printing. Distinctive printing impresses itself upon the mind and brings results. Empire Printing Com¬ pany. ADVERTISEMENT — DON’T. READ IT. Are you satisfied with your printing? The Printery, which is just around the corner on East Sandusky street, takes especial pleasure in making things of Beauty and of Taste. We make Booklets, By-laws, Letter-heads, Bill¬ heads, Envelopes, Cards, Tickets and the regular line of printed matter ■ — but we make it “ different.” If you like this job, and have any printing you want done, come to our shop — if you don’t like THIS job, bring yours here any way. We do two kinds of printing — Good To-day, Better To-morrow. Give us your next j ob “ on suspicion.” The A. B. Doei’ty Printery. Cleanest Print Shop in the State. ARE YOU SITTING DOWN? Are you sitting down resignedly and expecting business to improve without contributing anything toward that much-desired result of your own initiative? There’s very little comes to us without effort. The way to get business is to go after it, and the best way to go after it is by the intelligent use of printer’s ink. When business is dull the need of putting out printed advertising is all the more urgent. Among the various ways of advertising the book¬ let and folder are the most popular and effective. A well- written booklet, tastefully designed and printed uncom¬ monly well is bound to impress the recipient and win his trade. It should be designed to meet the requirements of your particular business and will be equally effective in one or more colors. Just as good results may be obtained through the medium of a folder — which is susceptible of as much variety of form as the booklet. The blotter as an advertising medium is firmly intrenched in popular favor. A well-prepared advertisement skilfully displayed and well printed, either in black or illuminated in colors, is a never- failing business getter. Printed on the coated side of the stock, it is always printed side up carrying your message. Any one of these forms of advertising is a sure way of building up business, and is a profitable investment. And, above all, don’t overlook your stationery — letter-heads, business cards, bill-heads, envelopes and other printed mat¬ ter you use. You are sized up by the impression they make, and it is obviously essential that they be of a character to make the best impression possible. The Pearl Press. RED, WHITE AND BLUE. Hurrah! It pays to enthuse over your goods when you are sending out a catalogue, booklet or other advertising. State facts always, and do not be afraid to enthuse. Your attitude always influences your customer. The Barta Press is enthusiastic over its work. That is the reason why its products always create interest and command attention. Therefore, it pays to buy advertising from them. The Barta Press products enable the manufacturer to prop¬ erly transmit his enthusiasm to his customer. Explosions! Explosions inside of a sixteen-inch gun are all right. Explosions about your goods are all right. But remember the explosion in the gun accomplishes noth¬ ing unless the gunner first rams a shell home and trains the gun. The Barta Press products help you to send shells filled with truth about your goods and present these truths in just the right way to most effectively accomplish your purpose. Fireworks! Fireworks include cannon-crackers, but it is the beautiful set pieces and sky pieces which have been carefully studied out to produce a certain effect, that attract the most applause and longest linger in the mem¬ ory of the spectator. Highly elaborated and decorated catalogues and booklets may be termed advertising matter; but the Barta Press style creates confidence in the product exploited, brings a maximum quantity of orders and leaves the most favorable and lasting impression. The Fourth ! It is oftentimes the fourth piece of adver¬ tising which develops the order. The first catches the eye; the second brings the brain into action; the third estab¬ lishes a desire for the article advertised; the fourth focuses the action of the customer. Advertising developed by the Barta Press has a reputation for bringing the order imme¬ diately. It is built to not only catch the eye and the thought of the prospective customer, but to create desire and focus the action — all four in one. THE INLAND PRINTER 543 Written for The Inland Printer. A LIBRARY EXHIBITION OF BOOK BUILDING. BY S. H. HORGAN. EGINNING this month of July, there will appear in sixteen libraries throughout this country a public exhibition of the materials that go into the making of a printed book. It is the realization of a plan pro¬ posed two years ago by Mr. John Cotton Dana, librarian of the New¬ ark, New Jersey, Public Library, and which has been since that time in preparation. THE PRINTED BOOK its Materials and Features This Exhibition illustrates the Art of Bookmaking in all of its many phases. It includes about a thousand specimens, from old and modern books, of the Paper and Binding Materials, the Typographic Features, the Decorations and the Illus¬ trations of Printed Books One of the posters used in the exhibition. Mr. Dana’s suggestion was that librarians make collections of specimens of the physical fea¬ tures of a book and so arrange them that they could be exhibited and thus educate all those that handle books into a greater appreciation of the careful thought, refined taste and highly trained skill that are essential factors in the building of a book. Mr. Dana was made chairman of a committee to carry out his plan, the other members of the committee being H. E. Legler, Library Commis¬ sion, Madison, Wisconsin, and W. P. Cutter, Forbes Library, Northampton, Massachusetts. The work of compiling the exhibit actually fell upon Mr. Dana, who has just completed the task, and who thus speaks of it : “ This exhibition has been made in the hope that it will interest readers in the art of book¬ making — an art which forms an important part of the printing industry, which, in this country, gives employment to an army of writers, editors, artists, printers, pressmen, papermakers and craftsmen of varied kinds and in which is invested such an enormous capital that it would be impos¬ sible to compute it. “ It suggests the careful thought, highly trained skill and refined taste which are needed to produce a beautiful book. It suggests also that few books have bestowed upon their making the care and thought that may reasonably be asked, and that better paper and ink, clearer type and presswork and more substantial binding are possible at a moderate price. In a word, the exhibit may open THE FEATURES OF A PRINTED BOOK and the materials used in making it 1 Manuscripts 2 1 Photogravures 2 Book papers 22 Zinc etchings 3 Water marks 23 Half-tones 4 Printing inks 24 Three color half-tones 5 Type faces 25 Block printing 6 Type pages 26 Book plates 7 Title pages 27 Binding materials 8 Printers marks 28 Book cloths 9 Initials 29 Leathers for binding 1 0 Head and tail pieces 30 Lining papers 1 1 Dedications 3 1 Cover papers 1 2 Prefaces 32 Book wrappers 13 Contents 33 Bindings 14 Indexes 34 Pamphlet covers 15 Wood engravings 35 Printers 1 6 Copper engravings 36 Printing presses 17 Etchings 37 People reading 18 Mezzotints 38 Display printing 1 9 Steel engravings 39 Mottoes 20 Lithographs 40 Colophons List of features shown in the exhibit. the eyes of some to what is meant by the dis¬ criminating when they speak of the beautiful and honestly made book. “Art enters largely into the making of a book. In the harmony of cover and contents; in the cover decoration ; in the adaptation of type to sub- 544 THE INLAND PRINTER ject matter, to size of page, to width of line and other elements; in the arrangement of title-page, chapter headings and other features ; in the choice and use of decorations, headlines, initials and color, and in the selection of illustrations. Art is good taste, expressing itself through the best of craftsmen in the beautiful book. “ To look at books with interest, with care, crit¬ ically, passing judgment on them as a whole and then on their several parts — this is to practice one’s esthetic sense on one of the commonest of all subjects, which happens also to be the most important of all the products of human skill and the best fitted of all those products to serve as an object of art study.” The features of a printed book shown in these exhibitions number forty. They are mounted on cream-tinted boards, 13 by 17 ^ inches, to the number of from 150 to 200 mounts. For instance, there may be only two mounts devoted to manu¬ scripts, the first subject on the list; three will be given to initial letters and four or more to head and tail pieces, and so the number of mounts devoted to a subject will depend upon the number and interesting character of the pieces available. The separate pieces in each set for this exhibi¬ tion will number over a thousand. Readers are advised to visit one of these exhibits in the nearest library and note how the commonest objects they handle, even paper, when properly arranged and titled, become instructive and interesting. A TOURIST’S LAMENT ON “THE WAVE.” “ Buddy ” Matthews, the oldest tramp printer now on the road, and one of the last of the band that is being chased to the woods by the Mergenthalers, was in Fresno when this city voted “ dry ” on April 12 last. “ Buddy ” immediately hit the ties for ’Frisco, and on the outskirts of the town met T. Howard Goshen. The latter was headed for Fresno, not having heard of the disaster in the Raisin City. “ Don’t do it,” said “ Buddy,” and he shot this at T. Howard: “ I’ve wandered through old Fresno, Tom, ’taint what it used to be; they’re preaching up the raisins now and preaching up the tea; it’s just two weeks ago, Tom, that Fresno voted ‘ dry,’ and every day will be raisin by and by. The brewery’s on the bum, Tom, the brew man’s on the blink, you’d soak your seat in paradise in vain to get a drink; they’d hang a man fer whistlin’, Tom, ‘A Cornin’ Thro’ the Rye,’ and every day will be raisin by and by. The joints are closed up tight, Tom, the slots are on the dump; to get a drink at all, Tom, you take it from the pump; the gaudy white-coat barkeep is landed high and dry, and every day will be raisin by and by. So stay away from Fresno, Tom, and drop a scalding tear, in memory of bygone days — the days of nickel beer ; and let the ‘ Prohis ’ raise their loud hosannas to the sky, and every day will be raisin day by and by. “ The ” — but Goshen had fainted. — G. C. Oblinger, in Typographical Journal. Written for The Inland Printer. EVOLUTION IN LANGUAGE. these articles we have somewhat desultorily considered various points in language evolution, with no thought of science as such, but with the intention of being histor¬ ically accurate as far as we ven¬ tured in tracing history. Thp effort has been directed toward establishing certain facts on a more familiar foot¬ ing than they seem to have had heretofore, espe¬ cially the one great fact that both practice and theory may often differ legitimately, so that in many cases no person has any right to attempt prescription of one practice or another as the only correct way. It is particularly notable that all books of verbal criticism are dogmatic, and most of them sadly pedantic, and even the best of them contain occasional bits of absolute nonsense and easily proved historical misstatements. For example, Richard Grant White, whose books circulated widely and undoubtedly contained many truths well worth knowing about word-uses, asserted unqualifiedly that no such verb as loan existed, although in fact the verb is at least three centuries old and very common. Sure ascertainment of real history before venturing on positive assertion must prevent such misstatement, which goes far to discredit all that is said by its author, making it unsafe to accept any of his decisions without verification. Such critics have wrought mischief, in various ways, quite sufficient to offset what lit¬ tle of good they have accomplished. One instance is seen in the spreading acceptance of their ill- founded dictum that “ under a person’s signature ” should be changed to “ over his signature,” because usually the signature is placed below or after what is signed. In origin and in intent the expression has no connection with the position of the signa¬ ture. It is rather elliptical for “ under the sanc¬ tion of his signature.” The perversion is disas¬ trous in that it leads to frequent use of “ over ” in reference to articles that are actually placed beneath the signature, as this one is, and it has even been used in speaking of a book, where the name meant would of course be on the title-page. These remarks are made now only to draw attention to the existence of variety in methods of deciding matters at all open to question, and with the further purpose of emphasizing the desir¬ ability of careful consideration before accepting any dictum as ultimately authoritative. Beyond question many changes occur in language, both in the uses and meanings of words, in orthography, THE INLAND PRINTER 545 and in other matters of form. But it is worth while to urge attention to the almost universal aversion to innovation, and to remind our readers that almost always the interval is very long between the time of first disturbance of any fixed usage and the positive establishment in its place of a contrary usage. So markedly is this true, and so little is it comprehended by those who have not devoted much thought or study to the matter, that we are persuaded, even in course of writing this article, to forego the first intention of treat¬ ing some special matters herein, and to consider only the general subject. This conclusion is adopted as most conformable to the practical needs of proofreaders. Practical proofreading is work that involves many vicissitudes, and ranges from the merest absolute imitation of copy to the exercise of almost, or sometimes positive, editorial functions; and of course real qualification for the work in its editorial aspect is the aim of all ambitious proof¬ readers. This has no bearing on evolution, but knowledge of evolution has a decided bearing on attainment, for those who best understand it are the kind of persons who make the best attainment, as they are sure to be studious and careful. The whole secret of success at proofreading, aside from educational qualification, lies in careful and con¬ tinuous application. Even the simplest work demands absolutely unbroken attention ; so urgent is this demand, in fact, that no proofreader can meet it positively and infallibly. But it is decid¬ edly necessary to be as nearly perfect in this respect as one may be. Possibly it may be worth while to remind readers that their work is hardly ever mentioned in print except for the purpose of adverse criticism. Praise of proofreading is rarely published. Why? No matter what may be the answer, undoubtedly the most successful proof¬ readers are those who work so faithfully, and with such good results, that their reputation can not fail of such establishment as will secure continu¬ ous profitable employment. Mention is made above of two items of evolu¬ tionary aspect, that may serve further, with a few others, to press a point worthy of consideration for various reasons. Use of loan as a verb is not only common now, but it has always been so, espe¬ cially in connection with financial operations ; therefore its present use can not be said to exem¬ plify real evolution, though little doubt may be felt that its use is rather more frequent now than it formerly was. Some people would assert posi¬ tively that the word is better than lend in certain cases, especially large financial or pecuniary mat¬ ters, but they would hardly be able to show any substantial reason, except the mere fact that it is very much used; many other people would insist that it is never as good as lend, and that the latter word should be always used. Our point, which is made as merely exemplified by the particular word, and equally true in numerous other cases of choice between words, is that neither of the words involved is in any way incorrect, though there is (as the writer is sure for his own practice) good ground for choosing one and rejecting the other. What is held by one to be good reason in such mat¬ ters is often not credited at all by others, and fre¬ quently one side is no more really reasonable than the other. The one of these two words that the writer chooses is lend. He would always say that he lends anything he does lend, and never that he loans it, chiefly because there is no need of both words, and partly because even the most carping critic could never find an objection to lend, while many critics have objected to loan. “Over his signature ” is on a somewhat different footing. It never was and never can be a proper expression of the original and still real intention of “ under his signature,” and often is decidedly incorrect even for the perverted sense in which the phrase has been misconstrued by would-be precisians. Now, the propriety of all these remarks lies in the application of them. They are intended here for practical application. Intelligent proofreaders always want their work to show that they under¬ stand it and have made it right. Often they must correct accidental errors made in the writing. In cases similar to those here considered, however, they must use tact as well as knowledge, and so must often leave unmade changes they know to be good. STONE’S RULES. Melville E. Stone, of the Associated Press, spoke to the Columbia students in St. Paul’s Chapel recently on “ The Ethics of Journalism.” Mr. Stone laid down three rules of conduct which should be observed in the conduct of the business end of a newspaper. A paper should not print advertising matter as news, he said, and news should be clearly distinguishable from advertising matter. As his second principle Mr. Stone said that advertisers should be correctly informed as to the circulation of a newspaper. And finally there should be no discrimination in the matter of advertising rates. “ But I know of only about a half dozen papers in the United States that observe these rules, self-evident as they seem,” said Mr. Stone. — Printers’ Ink. MASTERY. Year after year an old farmer had listened in grim silence to the trains thundering, by his land. Finally, one day, his patience at an end, he dropped his plow and shook his fist at the passing express. “Ye can puff and blow all ye like, gol durn ye,” he cried, “but I’m going to ride ye, Saturday!” — Everybody’s Magazine. 4-5 546 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Printer. “OLD BILL” DISCUSSES THE COST PROBLEM. O-DAY “ Old Bill ” the pressman was holding forth with his usual vigor on the profits and pitfalls of the art preservative, to a more or less appreciative half dozen of the various employees, when one of the salesmen happening through to find out why one of his hurry jobs wasn’t done, stopped long enough to ask if Bill couldn’t spare enough time to tell him how to find the probable cost of a job before it was done. The salesman had just been “jacked up,” because sun¬ dry jobs of his didn’t show any profit. According to the system of the office, every morning the solicitors get the previous day’s job- tickets, which have been checked up with all of the various items of cost, and the selling price given the customer by the solicitor. Often a job carry¬ ing a selling price of $10 would show items of cost aggregating $12 or $15 and, in some instances, the cost would be double the selling price. The “ Old Man” had been vigorous in his kick and, appar¬ ently, with good reason. “Cost?” says Bill. “There ain’t no way to get it until the job is done and tied up. Printin’ is like nothin’ else under the sun, in that respect. “ Printin’ ought to be figured like they figure lighthouses and bridges and tunnels — with allow¬ ance for quicksand and things like that, because in our business there is more quicksand than in any other game I know. “You never can start any kind of a job through a print-shop with any assurance that it will go according to schedule. There are a thousand and one obstacles in the way, and they are the kind that one can’t see until he stumbles over them, even though he takes all the precautions that mod¬ ern methods have taught him. “ You don’t have to be long in the business before you see that a job can’t possibly go through a shop at different times with the same results; one time a job will be happy all the way through. Cases will be full, the comp, will choose exactly the right type the first time ; he won’t make any mistakes, the job will be properly justified, the stone-man will, in consequence, have no trouble with the lock-up ; a press is open with exactly the right kind of ink on it ; the type’s good, the paper’s all right and there’s no trouble. The customer gets the job on time and maybe he’s one of those rare birds who’d be happy even if he didn’t. “ But start exactly the same kind of a job next week, and have the conditions reversed, which happens in every office, and how does j;he job work out then ? “ This is how she works out: “ The copy is not quite plain, perhaps, and the comp, guesses at some of it. The case he wants is shy some few necessary letters ; he hunts for them, five, ten, twenty minutes. Maybe he don’t find them and throws in the half-set line and tries some other font. He has spent so much time on the hunt that he is careless in justifying the job; he slaps it up any old way and pulls a proof. There are corrections and another proof. This goes to the customer and he sends back word that if he can’t have type like his copy he don’t want the job. All right — set the job over again, pull another proof, read it again; stone-man attempts to lock it up. It don’t lift; put in copper spaces, screw up quoins till the form springs, send to press, wash up for blue ink — make ready — bad letter — form goes back for correction — another proof — run a while — type pulls out — unlock and lock up again. “And that’s why some jobs don’t pay a profit, and it’s why two exactly similar jobs will vary a lot in cost to the office. Of course, the right thing to do is to figure both jobs with the handicap, but he knows if he does that his fool competitor will get the work by figuring the other way. There ain’t no guy anywhere,” said Bill impressively, “ who can tell within ten per cent of what any job is going to cost, even in his own shop, and it would be a safe bet that he couldn’t come within twenty per cent. “ There are pitfalls and snares waiting always for the figure guy, and if he was as wise as Solo¬ mon he couldn’t escape all of them. He is afraid to figure high and safe for fear some one else will get the job, so to be safe and sure he always fig¬ ures low. “A printer is peculiar in this respect, that $30 coming in always looks twice as big as the same amount going out; he spends his money like a drunken Mexican, and collects like he was asking contribution money for a church. “A mug blows in and makes a noise like a cus¬ tomer, an’ he says, ‘ how much’ll one thousand of these cost?’ The printer looks at the job and whispers to himself : ‘ Composition about $1.50, presswork about 75 cents, stock, 25 cents = $2.50.’ He adds the usual forty per cent and says (still to himself) : ‘ That job has to be padded and round- cornered and I ought to get at least $4 for it, but the mug probably has figures from some other shop, so I better make it $3.50.’ Then the cus¬ tomer looks like he was about to lose his family and wants to know how much would 500 cost, and 250, and what would it cost if it was done in two colors, and the printer gives him a lot of valuable THE INLAND PRINTER 547 time and takes the job for less than it will go through the shop for and, probably, promises to do it in a hurry, so it will interfere with better business that’s already under way.” Bill relapsed into a contemplative mood as he continued : “ When a printer wants to buy anything, from a shot of booze to a house and lot, does he send out to get figures? Not on your tintype. He slaps down his money (if he has any) and says, ‘ Gimme one.’ But it seems that somehow printers have a reputation for being crooked, and, when any one wants any printin’, he must have evidence that the printer is not robbing him, so he peddles out every little job to every shop he can reach for fig¬ ures, and if he don’t think the fel- 1 e r who figures lowest is compe¬ tent to do the job right, he gives the good printer the ‘bum printer’s fig¬ ures and gets the low price in the good shop. “ It’s very likely that many jobs that bring ten dol¬ lars, have fifteen dollars’ worth of figurin’ done on them before they are given out finally to the sucker who hasn’t got any cost system. “How many fits do you think Siegel, the tailor, down here would throw if you went to him and said, ‘ Siegel, I’m expectin’ to need a pair of clothes pretty soon and wish you’d make me up a dummy, so’s I can peddle it around and get figures on it?’ Or the shoe man — the one who wants figures on every little stingy job — can you see him if you looked at some of his shoes and then sent an errand boy to every shoe-shop in town to see if you couldn’t get a $4 pair of shoes for $3.50 ? “ Of course, all of this is the fault of the printer himself, who has little sense or he wouldn’t be in the business. He is always ready to give close figures on any old job, when he knows to a cer¬ tainty that he has no absolute way of arriving at an honest estimate. “ It is a common thing for two printers of equal incapacity to vary forty per cent in figuring the same job, so the man who buys printin’ has some excuse for doubtin’ the honesty of the printer who asks him $70 for what another one asks $40, notwithstanding that the seventy-dollar man may be low. “ There’s just two ways to run a print-shop,” continued Bill, lighting his stogie, which had begun to unravel, “ so it will make money. One of them is like this : Have a system that will show every item of cost that enters into every job-office expense, light, heat, wear and tear on type and machinery, composition, presswork, binding and bad bills. Then you’ll come somewhere near a fair estimate when a job is finished. Of course, if you don’t have a system you can’t tell how much any job costs, even after it’s finished. “ Then, when a customer comes in, smoke up to him like this : ‘ I’ll put that job through for you the way you want it, but I can’t tell exactly how much it will cost; I can come pretty near; prob¬ ably it can be done for $100, but it might run to $125 ; or we might get it out, if conditions are favorable, for $90. Anyhow, I’ll put the best talent I have on it, and, after its done, I’ll ask the usual fair per cent of profit that it takes to run my business and let you have it for that. You’ll get any saving that comes from competent handling, but I must safeguard myself by not making a binding price that may lose me money/ “ That looks fair and ought to appeal to any business man ; but it won’t, and no one will trust you to that extent until after you are dead, so we can safely lay that system away until we are in heaven, and try the other one, which is in force in only one city that I know of. There they have an association of master printers who are banded together for only one purpose, and that is, to get a fair price for their product. The game works out like this : “ The association has an auditor, who is at his 548 THE INLAND PRINTER desk during all of the eight hours. When a guy blows into any shop looking for figures, he gets them out of a book, and they are figures that have been proven high enough by the entire associa¬ tion: so much for bill-heads, so much for cards, so much a thousand ems for each size of type, so much for each time through a ruling machine, so much for so many impressions on each size of press, so much an hour for make-ready, and so on. If the job isn’t covered in the price-list, then the printer may make figures high, so he is sure of a profit, but first he must call up the auditor and find if any other printer has figured on the same job. If so, then the auditor gives him the other printer’s figures, to which he must add ten per cent. This is done so that the feller who made the figures is protected and gets something for his trouble. So it happens that in this town the man looking for fig¬ ures is almost extinct; and, mostly, they buy printin’ like the printer buys his stuff, and that’s no dream either. In that town a printer is as good as any¬ body else, and their customers save a lot of shoes.” “I think, Bill,” chipped in one of the ma¬ chine operators, “that you talk largely through your hat. Print¬ ing-office proprietors are not as easy as you make them out, and I guess they’ll stack up with any¬ body for brains, and they must make money or they wouldn’t be so keen to stay in the business.” “And,” says Red, the pink-haired compositor, thinking they had Bill going, “ it ought to be as easy to figure printin’ as anythin’ else. Any good printer can tell pretty close to how long it will take to set any job that is referred to him, and machine composition ought to run about the same all the time.” “ Now,” comes back Bill, “ we have wisdom from its fountain source. Sure, printers have brains. There are Napoleons in the printin’ busi¬ ness who, if they directed their energies in some other channel, would make dollars where they make cents now. And they do make money — gen¬ erally off of half their employees, and they pay it out to the other half who are dubs, and they keep for themselves a rake-off just big enough to escape the sheriff from year to year. “ I says to a Linotyper once,” went on Bill, loosening his shirt-collar so he wouldn’t choke with indignation, “ I says to him, after struggling along for months with slugs that were bad in every conceivable way : ‘ Why don’t you fix your machine so it will make slugs that will print?’ and the machinist-operator says : ‘ I ain’t no machinist, and don’t claim to be one; I’m an operator.’ and there you have one reason why machine composi¬ tion costs more than it should, and why you can’t figure its probable cost. “A machinist-operator gets a salary for pound¬ ing the keys and another for being a machinist, which he generally is not, that is, he don’t know how to keep his machine so it will work, so he gets out six galleys to-day, twelve to-morrow and, per¬ haps, on some other day some¬ body drops a bed-spring near his machine and he spends the better part of that day trying to find what part of the Lino- t y p e it came from. I can see the Old Man if we sent the glad tidings to him some day that a press got out only five hun¬ dred an hour, simply because the spacebands wouldn’t drop! “And our worthy friend, Red here, who has mistakenly adopted the art of printin’ instead of bein’ a lighthouse, has said that any good printer ought to be able to estimate how long it should take to set any given job. He ought, but can he? No, he can’t; positively he can not. Whenever the office force gets an estimate from the composing- room on the time it should take to set a job, they have learned to double that estimate — and then they ain’t right. It’s the same in every depart¬ ment. I can’t tell to save my life how long it will take to make any form of cuts ready. I can’t tell if it will take a quarter or a half pound of ink to run a thousand of a certain label form. You sim¬ ply have to guess, and so the business is largely a guess. “And now, Jimmy, wash up the pony for red ink and don’t be all day about it ; we got to print this afternoon.” THE INLAND PRINTER 549 Written for The Inland Printer. HISTORY OF PAPER. WALL-PAPER. [E designing of wall-paper is limited by the process of manufacture to the decoration of a single strip of paper with a series of flat colors. The designer is an all-important factor in the production of success¬ ful wall-paper. It is a profession in itself, which requires special education acquired either in a school of design, or, more rarely, by practical experience in the shop. In the principles of the designs that are used, there is little difference from those governing the decoration of any other surface, excepting that the “ repeats ” are limited in size. Following then the successive steps in the manufactur¬ ing of a new design in wall-paper — the first idea comes from the designer. He produces a sketch in color, drawn to the finished size, being limited to the number of colors he uses by the ultimate selling price of the paper. Besides the color he also determines the texture for the finished paper — whether it is to be plain, or embossed in imitation of various finishes. The first drawing is made in water-colors, and when this has been approved an accurate sketch is made from the original. On this sketch the design is separated into the various colors which make up the whole, for each color must be on a separate roller. The process of printing is very similar to that of a printing-press, there being for each color a cylinder and inking mechanism. When the entire design has been printed the paper is dried by special apparatus and cut into rolls ready for the trade. The first wall-paper factory in this country was started in 1790, and crude as the work was, the mill prospered steadily. In those days paper was bought in sheets and pasted into strips of the required length. The background was put on by hand with a brush, and the designs were trans¬ ferred by means of wooden blocks. The number of colors used determined the number of blocks, and one block did the work the entire length of the pasted strip before the second color was put on, the principal being similar to the familiar wood- cuts. In 1844 paper in continuous rolls appeared on the market and the first machine for printing the designs was brought to this country, both of which had a decided effect on the trade and aided the manufacturer in producing wall-paper at greatly reduced prices. The machines have since been steadily improved, until those of the present day turn out thousands of rolls daily of the finest finished article, the cost of labor being very slight. PUTTING ON THE GROUND COLOR. The roll of sulphite stock, nineteen and a half inches wide, is placed on the grounding machine and the ground color is applied by brushes. As the roll travels on a long, flat surface it encounters a series of eight brushes varying in size and fineness, as well as in rapidity of motion. At first they oscillate slowly, gradually working the ground color into the paper; the next brushes travel faster, and the last move very rapidly. This is done to fill every pore of the paper evenly, and the constant action of the stiff bristles as they move back and forth, fulfil their mission so well that the paper reappears perfectly grounded. The paper is carried by endless chains, in long loops — similar to drying the enameled paper — the full length of the drying-room, a distance of two hundred and fifty feet, and then returns well dried to the color machine, where the pattern is to be put on. THE COLOR MACHINE. This is a revolving cylindrical machine holding from one to sixteen rollers, its function being to print the pattern on the grounded paper. Each roller conveys a color and so forms one part of the pattern, there being as many rollers as there are Courtesy of The Art Wall Paper Mills. DESIGNING AND BLOCK CUTTING. 550 THE INLAND PRINTER colors. For every roller there is a color-box, and a felt cloth which runs into the paint and fur¬ nishes the color to the print-roller as it revolves. Courtesy of The Art Wall Paper Mills. BLOCK CUTTING. THE FINISHING DEPARTMENT. The paper is brought in contact with the surface of the roller bearing the design, which has been colored by contact with the felt cloth. The amount of paint taken by this felt is regu¬ lated by what is known asa“ doctor,” a narrow strip of brass pressing against the cloth and squeezing out the superfluous paint so as to insure a clean print. The paper is carried around and through the machine on a revolving drum and from thence onto the drying-racks, where the heat is applied from below. As the paper reaches the end of the racks it is wound onto a roll, cut into smaller commercial rolls and prepared for shipment. This machine will run off from four hundred to a thousand eight-foot rolls an hour, depending upon the quality of the paper. A cheap grade is run at fast speed, while the better grade is run much slower. VARNISH MACHINE. Much of the wall-paper having gold in the pattern is made as de¬ scribed; that is, the bronze is mixed and placed in the paint-boxes of the color machine, but that known as “ varnished paper” requires more time in the making and finer treatment, and consequently is more expen¬ sive. It is first put through the grounding machine and, after it has dried, it passes through the color machine, receiving a coat of varnish where the gold pattern is to appear. As the var¬ nish takes more time to dry than the paint, the process is so timed that the paint is perfectly dry when the var¬ nish is ready to receive the bronze, and as the paper winds through the bronzing machine the fine powder is sifted onto the surface with feather dusters, adhering only to the var¬ nished portion. Cylindrical brushes in the dusting-box, where it next appears, revolve so rapidly that all loose powder is removed and recov¬ ered and the paper makes the tour of the drying-room a third time. At the end of ten or twelve hours it is ready to roll. THE ROLLERS. The rollers used for patterns in the color machine are made of well- seasoned maple and are cylindrical in shape, having iron heads to fit the shaft. They vary in circumference from twelve to twenty-four inches, according to the pattern, one repeating the pattern every twelve inches being on a twelve-inch roller. Several Southern firms have selected wood espe- SECTION OF PRINTING DEPARTMENT. dally for these rollers until it has become a sepa¬ rate industry. The plain maple cylinders vary in price from $1.70 to $4.50 each, and they play a THE INLAND PRINTER 551 very important part in this industry. After receiving a coat of white paint, the roller is placed in a frame, the pattern being transferred to the white surface by a burnisher. Thin strips of brass are bent and twisted by hand and hammered into the wood, forming a relief pattern about three- eighths of an inch high. When a solid print is desired the interstices of the pattern are filled in with felt and smoothed off on a lathe. Some designs require many rolls, while others need only one, depending upon the number of colors to be used. Very few factories make their own rollers, their patterns being selected from groups submitted to them by firms or individuals who make a business of designing, and send them to jobbers who make the rolls for them. The line is always made and in the pattern-room one year ahead. All factories keep in their employ one or two men who are familiar with the making of rolls in order to mend or make any changes necessary. The twenty-four-inch roll can be turned down to eighteen inch and the eight¬ een inch to fifteen; the fifteen inch to twelve and are thus used repeat¬ edly. Prices paid for wall-paper de¬ signs vary from $50 to $100 and the exclusive right to that pattern goes with the drawing. It can never be sold a second time, even years after¬ ward. Machine-made rollers, known as “milled rollers,” are made of solid brass and are used for backprints or overprints to give various effects, such as imitation burlap or cloth, but they do not raise or alter the surface of the paper. THE DRYING PROCESS. The air in the drying-room passes through a coil-house consisting of thousands of feet of one- inch steam pipes, and several thousand cubic feet of air passes through the coil every ten minutes. The heated air as it goes through is forced up into the drying-room by a nine-foot fan and distributed under the drying-racks. The paper hangs in long loops, and travels the length of the room by means of the endless chain, and the hot ascending air causes it to dry. The supply and temperature of air can be regulated very easily. In summer when no heat is necessary unheated air is forced up, drying the paint and varnish. FINISHES. Certain paper is given an embossed, tapestry, or pebble finish and, when compared with the same stock without this finish, it would not be recog¬ nized. The finish depends upon the design of the embosser. This is a machine made with two roll¬ ers placed one above the other — one of steel and another of soft paper. The steel roller may give the burlap or the watered effect, depending upon the pattern in the roller. No heat is applied, the effect being produced entirely by pressure. These machines run slowly to avoid friction and to insure perfect work, which adds materially to the cost of the paper. PREPARING THE PAPER FOR THE TRADE. The large rolls reeled from the racks in the drying-room are sent to the stock-room to be rerolled into smaller bolts for commercial use. The winding machines are long tables over which the paper travels and is automatically marked every sixteen yards. The girl who stands at the farther end of the table watches for the mark and cuts the roll off here with a huge blade attached to the side of the table, tosses that roll behind her and begins another. The number of bolts taken from one machine daily will vary from three to six thousand singles, depending upon the weight of the paper, for the lighter it is the easier it is to roll. The embossed and tapestry-finished paper is rolled entirely by hand, and one to three thousand single rolls is a good day’s work for one girl. The rolls are tied in packages of fifty rolls each, according to order. For the mills’ own sales the packages have six-inch bands of paper at each end, tied with manila twine wrapped twice around, but many jobbers specify “ no bands, and string around once,” thus reducing the expense. 552 THE INLAND PRINTER The sample books are made at the factory- ready for the salesmen, and the general arrange¬ ment of the sample-rooms is such as to facilitate business in every way. THE COLOR DEPARTMENT. The color-making department, where the six primary colors are made, is as “ sloppy ” as it is vital to the business. The six primary colors, red, blue, yellow, green, orange and violet, are prepared with special care, so that in themselves, and in whatever combination may be made of them, the resulting color will be one which is not only pure to the eye, but is safe from the action of light and gas. Many colors are influenced by these elements and fade or darken very rapidly. It has been found, however, that anilin dyes, which are used as a basis of primary colors, give as good results as anything. These dyes are mixed thoroughly and placed under pressure in cloths similar to the process of making cottage cheese. The primary colors are taken to the room containing the grounder and color machine, where, on a balcony, the tints and shades are mixed. The combination of colors is governed by the same laws which cover the entire field of color, whether it be the combination of the mixing of printing-inks, water-colors or dyes. SHOCKING EGGS. Waiter — “ Everything in this hotel is cooked by elec¬ tricity, sir.” Guest — “ Well, take this egg away and give it another shock.” — Practical Advertising. ONE MUST BE A COLD, NERVY BLUFFER TO BE A LAWYER — NOT A GENTLEMAN. “ You must run many a cold, nervy bluff and can not afford to be numbered in the down-and-out class. “ You can not afford to be too much of a gentleman to the opposing counsel nor too deferential in a courtroom.” These were among the “ Do’s and Don’t’s ” given by Judge Willard M. McEwen to the graduating class of 1909 of the Chicago Law School at a banquet held in their honor in the Egyptian room of the Auditorium Hotel, Chicago, on the evening of June 7. “ The lawyer occupies a vested position probably higher than in any other profes¬ sion,” the jurist said, “ and in this position he has himself first to maintain and should first of all look out for No. 1. “ Why is it that you will be given busi¬ ness against the older practitioner? Because your client thinks he is getting the service at a smaller cost or fee. Take it and be thankful, but maintain your nerve and dignity. “You must have experience and, perhaps, a little money, and you must run a cold, nervy bluff, for you can not afford to be numbered in the down-and-out class. Peo¬ ple believe in you and that you are just a little better than others, and you must play the part. You can not play the part of the country church mouse, but must reach out for what’s in sight. “ Juries are often impressed with the counsel, and all juries desire to have some one to lean on, and nearly always select the lawyer with the best attitude. This often determines a case at law. You can not afford to give the impression that you are giving way to either court or counsel on the opposite side. When you do that you lose the faith of the jury. I sometimes think a lawyer should be fifty per cent better than the court. “ Study the style and mannerisms of the profession and ask yourself, ‘ How do I stand with this juror or with the jury? ’. Story books have much to do with framing the attitude of the lawyer, but you can never afford to be too much of a gentleman or too deferential in court.” Chancellor J. J. Tobias, of the school, addressed the class briefly, and remarks were made by Frank B. Teed, Rae M. Royce, Roy A. Juul, Ransom E. Walker, William H. Canavan and M. J. Moriarty. Frank M. Reddy, the toastmaster, responded for the class of 1909, John P. Friedlund for the class of 1910, and Roscoe E. Little for the class of 1911. W. Scott Hodges presided at the dinner, which was opened with an invocation by Rev. Edward A. Kelley. Frank B. Teed was elected president of the Chicago Law School Alumni Association, closing the program of the dinner, which was attended by the thirty-two gradu¬ ates and their friends, 126 persons being seated at the tables. A VOICE FROM THE DEAD. Vicar’s Wife — “ No, the vicar is not in just now. Is there any message you would like me to give him when he returns? ” Old Woman (cheerfully) — “ Please, mum, Martha Hig¬ gins would like to be buried at two o’clock to-morrow after¬ noon.” — Punch. THE INLAND PRINTER 553 CORRESPONDENCE NATIONAL DAYLIGHT MOVEMENT. To the Editor: Cincinnati, Ohio, June 8, 1909. Referring to your editorial notice on page 379, in the current number of your journal, regarding the “ National Daylight Movement,” called to your attention by Mr. E. H. Murdock, of this city, it is evident that, from what you write, you misapprehend the entire situation. You speak of “ adopting changes such as would make the dinner hour four o’clock, and cause theaters and other places of amusement to open at six.” My Dear Sir, no such movement is contemplated. The only thing that is, is the moving of clocks one or two hours ahead (and it will probably be found better to make it one instead of two hours) ! If you dine at six o’clock (which God forbid!), you would still dine at six, even though the change were one or two hours, and not at four, as you say, and when you would go into the theater it would be eight o’clock, and not six. When you travel from Chicago to New York, and move your watch ahead one hour, there is no appreciable differ¬ ence to you that night when “ bed-time ” for you arrives — neither will there be for you or for any one when the national daylight movement is an accomplished fact, which it is bound to be in the very near future. You need to get another viewpoint on the situation. L. A. Ault. SOCIALISM NOT DESTROYER OF UNIONS. To the Editor: St. Louis, Mo., June 14, 1909. The clipping you print on page 394 of your June num¬ ber, from the London correspondent of the Scottish Typo¬ graphical Union, captioned “ Socialism Foe of Unionism,” would be interesting if its statements were true. The writer makes the common error of rejecting inexorable industrial and economic evolution. It is a pretty speech .to say the worker desires to be independent and to work out his own salvation as a free agent, giving full scope to incen¬ tive. And yet no one can deny the existence of coopera¬ tive production. Under the comprehensive factory system which has been evolved by combination of capital and the application of labor-displacing machinery the worker is a cog in the great wheel of industry. Cooperative produc¬ tion is a reality. The completion of the work of industrial evolution will give us cooperative distribution in lieu of the present inequitable private distribution. It will avail nothing to rail at the fast-disappearing competition. It was of the last age. We now enter the age of centraliza¬ tion of industry as well as of government. The Govern¬ ment’s losing fight against the trusts proves this. The law of evolution is as unyielding as that of gravitation or any other natural decree. Socialism offers no dry-nursing. Capitalism is giving us that now in robbing the cradle to man the spindle and loom. In regard to Socialism being the foe of unionism, the efforts of certain organizations of employers to disrupt the unions under the present order of society, ardently aided and abetted by government by injunction, makes it unneces¬ sary to .send a C. Q. D. to Socialism. Socialism will not destroy trade unions. Capitalism is doing that as fast as it can. J. J. Dirks. ANTHONY GOT THE WHISKY; WHO PAID FOR IT? To the Editor: Reading, Pa., May 26, 1909. In a back number of your up-to-date journal I hap¬ pened to see the following : FIGURE IT OUT. A 'banker going home from his dinner saw a $10 bill on the curbstone. He picked it up and noted the number and went home to dinner. While at home his wife remarked that the butcher had sent a bill amounting to $10. The only money he had with him was the bill he had found, which he gave to her, and she paid the butcher. The butcher paid it to the farmer for a calf, and the farmer paid it to a merchant, who, in turn, paid it to a washwoman, and she, owing the banker a note of $10, went to the bank and paid the note. The banker recognized the bill as the one he had found and which up to that time, had paid $50 of debt. On careful investiga¬ tion he discovered that the bill was counterfeit. Now will some friend tell us what has been lost in this transaction and by whom? — U. T. A. Bulle- This is easy: The banker returns the $10 bill to the washwoman, with the explanation that it is counterfeit; the washwoman returns it to the merchant, with the same explanation; the merchant returns it to the farmer, the farmer to the butcher, the butcher to the banker’s wife, and she, in turn, hands it back to her husband, who con¬ signs it to the gutter, whence he secured it. Thus no one loses any money and no indebtedness is paid by the spurious bill. This brought to mind an event which occurred to the writer some years ago, while in Arizona. In the extreme southern part of that State is a city which is called on the map Nogales, but which ought to be called “ Nomorals.” The main street of the city is the dividing line between the United States and Mexico. If a person is on one side of the main street he is in United States territory, but on the other side of the street he is in Mexican territory. At the time of which I write, a United States dollar was worth 90 cents in Mexico, and vice versa, a Mexican dollar was worth ninety cents in the United States. Each dollar was valued at par in its own country. Having given this little preamble in the way of explanation, I will try to relate the incident: One day I happened to be in a bar-room and wanting a drink, I reached in my pocket to see whether I had the price. I happened to be on the Mexican side of the street, and was fortunate enough to find myself in possession of a Mexican dollar. I called for a drink of whisky and ten¬ dered the dollar in payment. I receive my drink and 90 cents in change, but in lieu of small change the bartender gave me a United States dollar. I then crossed over the street with the United States dollar in my possession, and, after a while, feeling the need of another drink, I stepped into a saloon and bought one. In exchange I received a Mexican dollar, equivalent to 90 cents. This operation I repeated at intervals during the day, and when darkness came, I had a skin full of whisky and still had a dollar in my pocket. The question in my mind is: Who loses the money and who pays for the whisky? Perhaps some of the readers of The Inland Printer can enlighten me. Alonzo G. Anthony. 554 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Printer. LONDON NOTES. BY OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT. Annual Meeting of Master Printers. — The event of the summer season in London printerdom has been the annual meeting of the Federation of Master Printers and Allied Trades of the United Kingdom. The proceedings commenced with a luncheon, given at the Mansion House, to the members by the Lord Mayor, the following day being devoted to sightseeing by the members. On Sunday a spe¬ cial service was held in St. Paul’s Cathedral, the federation settling down to serious business on the Monday following, when the annual general meeting took place at Stationers’ Hall, under the presidency of the Lord Mayor, who, in moving the adoption of the report, said the past year had been a most satisfactory one. Many matters of importance had been successfully dealt with. He put in the first place the fact that the conciliation board had been firmly estab¬ lished. It was a matter of regret that it was not quite perfect as far as the employees’ side of the question was concerned, but he could not help think¬ ing that with the progress of time every one would feel that it was for the benefit of both sides of their trade. With regard to concilia¬ tion boards for all trades, it was highly desirable that all uneasiness and all fear of difficulty arising should be dispelled, and that all should work to¬ gether for the com- m o n good. The Lord Mayor said he was glad to notice that the question of “ costing ” in the printing trade was having careful consideration, and before long they might look for a valuable report on that subject. He hoped that their book on printers’ profits, which had had a good sale, would lead to a better adjustment of their profit arrange¬ ment. Mr. Sidney Reid was nominated president of the fed¬ eration for the ensuing year, and the nomination was agreed to. A portion of the business was discussed in secret session, a somewhat bitter hostility being displayed toward the eight-hour movement which the men are promoting, and a resolution was passed that the federation resist any further reduction of the hours of labor. At the annual dinner of the federation, which was held in De Keyser’s Royal Hotel, about three hundred ladies and gentlemen were present. Mr. Edward Unwin presided and was supported by the leading master printers of London and the provinces. The tables were beautifully decorated with roses, baskets of which, together with fans, were presented to the ladies during the evening, as well as a souvenir brooch bearing the arms of the City of London. Mr. G. Haven Putnam, of G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York, was present at the dinner, and made a capital speech in response to the toast of “ Our Guests.” Mr. Putnam said that a printing con¬ cern should have two partners, one to say when a client came in, “ the thing shall be done and in the best time pos¬ sible,” and the other — a philosopher with a good deal of dialectal ability — to explain, some months later, why the thing had not been done. The requirements of the cus¬ tomer, he admitted, were not always legitimate require¬ ments. The printers had the task of educating publishers who were not printers, to what was just and legitimate. But they put upon the publishers the impossible task of making clear to that troublesome fraternity, the authors, what was possible. He had to convince the author that he must not demand the impossible of his brother, the printer. He never succeeded, though he might walk a few steps in that direction, and he looked forward to a more peaceful life in the hereafter. Referring to the matter of tenders, Mr. Putnam said too much altruism was not good for printers, and turning to the question of copyright, he remarked that he had been secretary to the Copyright League for twenty-five years, as his father was secretary for forty years before him, and the ideal he sought to carry out was that they had a world-wide literature which should have no impediments of tariff walls or of medieval manu¬ facturing restrictions in the copyright law, where they were out of place and represented a relic of barbarism. At the close of the proceedings that fol¬ lowed the annual dinner, the members of the federation and their friends paid a visit to the office of the Daily Telegraph and wit¬ nessed the latest de¬ velopments in news¬ paper printing. On the last day of the proceedings the members of the fed¬ eration visited Wind¬ sor, where they were shown over the his¬ toric castle, and otherwise attempted to enjoy themselves during a day on which, unfortunately, the rain fell inces¬ santly. Annual Dinner of Printers’ Pension Corporation.— Another important function to printers was the eighty- second annual dinner of the Printers’ Pension, Almshouse and Orphan Asylum Corporation, a feature of which was that the Prince of Wales took the chair. He was supported by the Duke of Marlborough, the American Ambassador, the Portuguese Minister, the Lord Mayor, and about five hundred guests. The attendance at the dinner this year constituted a record, as also did the year’s donations and other contributions to the fund, the total financial result being over $66,000. To this total the King contributed $250 and the Prince of Wales $500. This amount of hard cash is quite a windfall to the corporation, and should greatly help its charitable objects. The Prince of Wales, in the course of a lengthy speech which displayed a remark¬ able knowledge of the history and technic of printing, paid a graceful compliment to the United States, and reminded his audience that Benjamin Franklin was at one time a working printer in London. Printers’ Athletic Association. — The Printing and Allied Trades Charity Sports Association is in a prosper- DE KEYSER’S ROYAL HOTEL, LONDON. THE INLAND PRINTER 555 ous condition. The annual report tells us that there is a marked improvement in the physique of those engaged in the printing and kindred trades during the last twelve years. The committee of the Charity Sports largely attrib¬ ute the success of the association to the magnificent prizes that are offered each year, and which have brought about the colossal athletic meetings now held, making each suc¬ ceeding year outrival the magnitude of the preceding one. That the smaller firms are so enthusiastic is a promising feature for the future success of the undertaking. Over $5,000 has been distributed among the trade charities. One excellent result has been attained, namely, the successful formation of miniature rifle clubs connected with the trade, and this section now bids fair to become a useful and patri¬ otic adjunct to the athletic section. L. S. C. Jobbing Guild. — This organization, which has been instituted under the auspices of the London Society of Compositors, is intended to “ make the man a better printer and the printer a better man.” The objects are to provide a center where members can meet for the exchange of views on all matters concerning the technical developments of the trade, and to secure facilities for instruction in general and artistic jobwork. Well-known experts will give lec¬ tures at frequent intervals, illustrated by lantern, black¬ board, and specimens. The subscription is 50 cents per annum,' payable quarterly. The executive is to be com¬ posed of a president, four vice-presidents, a secretary- treasurer, assistant secretary, and a committee of six. The meetings for the present are to be held quarterly or as often as the executive may decide. The subject of instruc¬ tion in high-class work, sketching or designing, is to receive the foremost place in the program of the guild. Already several meetings have been held, and the new organization seems likely to prove of great service in the education of our grown-up compositors. Marathon Printing Press. — The popularity of the term “ Marathon ” as applied to long-distance racing has induced a London firm of engineers to apply that name to the newest thing in printing-presses. The Marathon is a solidly built machine of simple design, that is intended for a speed of 2,500 to 3,500 impressions per hour. It is a cyl¬ inder machine, fitted with adjustable ink supply, stop- cylinder motion, flyers, and all the latest improvements, and in the foolscap-folio size prints a 9 by 13 sheet. This press possesses the advantage of taking up but little floor space and is sold at the low price of $225. This price will not, however, benefit any American printer who would like to install a Marathon, as your tariff wall is strong enough to keep out such importations. THE JUSTICE OF IMPRINTS. In your issue of March 31 John J. Morgan, of the adver¬ tising department of the New York, New Haven & Hart¬ ford Railroad, wants to know why printers are allowed to “ tag with their imprints ” the printed matter you buy from them. In reply I would say that we imprint our goods by the same right that every manufacturer exercises when he puts his name on his goods. Did the “ free advertising ” on Mr. Morgan’s collar, necktie, shirt, coat, pocket-knife, lead-pencil, fountain pen or typewriter ever worry him? Does he consider it “ presumptuous ” on the part of the car- builders to put their names on the cars his company buys? Where will he find a manufactured article of any worth that does not bear the imprint of the maker? I think he will find, upon reflection, that the average printer does not get much more than is coming to him. — W. Pierce Chilton, in Printers’ Ink. Compiled for The Inland Printer. INCIDENTS IN FOREIGN GRAPHIC CIRCLES. BY OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT. GERMANY. There were recently discovered in the city library of Liineburg eight volumes of old Hamburg newspapers, some of which were dated 1618. The German Printing Trades Association on May 2 celebrated its fortieth anniversary, assembling for the pur¬ pose at Mayence, the cradle of the art. The Typograph Company, Limited, of Berlin, manu¬ facturers of the Typograph typesetting machine, has increased its capital stock from 1,000,000 to 2,500,000 marks ($600,000). The Elektro-Typograph Company, of Nuremburg, which tried to introduce the typesetting machine invented by Meray-Rozar, has gone into liquidation. Evidently the machine did not prove a practical one. The press manufactory of Konig & Bauer, of Oberzell, near Wurzburg, has turned out a press capable of print¬ ing a sheet 110 by 150 centimeters (44 by 60 inches) in size, for the Oldenburg printing house at Munich. Herr J. Meyer, proprietor of the Bibliographic Insti¬ tute, of Leipsic, recently deceased, devised a fund of 30,000 marks to the city of Hildburghausen, the interest of which is to go to the aid of the local technical school. In his life¬ time he had already given 20,000 marks for the same pur¬ pose. A new building just finished for the Ohlenroth printing- office in Erfurt is distinguished by having a tablet attached to a wall of the main stairway, on which are inscribed the names of eighteen officers and employees of the house who have been in its service over twenty-five years. The oldest of those listed has a record of fifty-two years’ employment with the Ohlenroth office. On May 1 the International Photographic Exposition, at Dresden, held its opening ceremonies, at which the King of Saxony was present. The exposition comprises sections devoted to geography and ethnology; trade and amateur photography in competition with the artistic; photography as used in the sciences; schools for photography, chemig- raphy, processwork and gravure; machinery, apparatus, chemicals, papers, etc., employed in photography. The extent of the exposition may be inferred from the closely printed catalogue of three hundred pages. The Berlin Bor sen-Courier says of the German paper¬ making business that it is in a very precarious condition. Well-managed paper mills, whose products have been popu¬ lar, and which have for years produced good profits, are to-day quite at sea. Despite long-continued restrictions in production, they find it impossible to secure sufficient orders, as there are certain competitors who accept orders at any price, with no thought of what they lose in filling them, nor how much they depress the paper market. For the year of 1909 there are no prospects in sight of improve¬ ment, as there are large new factories being built, which can only weaken business still further. A number of paper manufacturers have recently endeavored to come to an agreement on the prices of certain papers, but without avail. Those manufacturers who have labored under deficits for years and who also furnish a questionable product, are the most stubborn opponents of an understanding. The Verein fur Altschrift (Roman Type Society), started some twenty-five years ago, now has fourteen thou¬ sand members. Its self-appointed mission is to advocate 556 THE INLAND PRINTER the general use of “Antiqua ” (Roman) instead of the “ Fraktur ” (improperly called German) type-faces. It endeavors to do away with the evil the printers of Ger¬ many, Austria, Holland, Denmark, etc., contend with — the necessity of being equipped with two kinds of faces. The society recently sent a numerously signed petition to the various lawmaking bodies of the German States and cities, asking for cooperation in the gradual adoption of the “Antiqua ” faces. Count von Zeppelin, of aeronautic fame, has just become an honorary member. The presi¬ dent of the society is Albert Windeck, 25 Limburgerstrasse, Cologne. It may be added that there is a society in Ger¬ many having the contrary object, namely, the preserva¬ tion of the “ Fraktur ” style, which it reveres as the “ national type-face.” Bismarck in his day was an enemy of the “Antiqua.” AUSTRIA. Austria is imitating the United States in the matter of size in newspapers, as may be noted in the Easter Sunday editions of the following journals, which for the occasion were increased to the stated number of pages: Neues Wiener Tageblatt, Vienna, 172, including 123 of adver¬ tising; Neue Freie Presse, Vienna, 160 (96 advertising) ; Fremdenblatt, Vienna, 106; Bohemia, Prague, 100; Pesti Hirlap, 112 ; Pester Lloyd, 80. In the lately revised wage-scale of the Vienna lithog¬ raphers, retouchers, process and copperplate printers occurs the provision that should night work extend beyond midnight, the work next morning shall begin as much later as the portion of time which Was worked after midnight, and that no deduction shall be made from the next day’s pay in such instances. Also that if overtime extends beyond 9 p.m. 20 hellers (4 cents) extra “ entrance money ” will have to be allowed. This peculiar extra is no doubt due to the fact .that the main doors of flats, apartment houses and hotels in Vienna are locked about 10 P.M. by their janitors, and whenever again unlocked during the night the doortender expects a fee, according to custom, of at least 20 hellers. From this same wage-scale we gather that the regular holidays of the trade in Vienna (and for which the worker is to be paid) are New Year’s Day, Epiphany, Candlemas, Annunciation, Easter Monday, Ascension, Pentecost Monday, Corpus Christi, Feast of SS. Peter and Paul, Ascension of Holy Mary, Birth of Holy Mary, All Saints, St. Leopold’s, Conception of Holy Mary, Christmas and St. Stephens’. On Christmas Eve and on the Saturdays before Easter and Pentecost the workday is to be shortened two hours. FRANCE. The management of the Petit Parisien has its own paper mill. This daily has a circulation of one million two hundred thousand, and earns a dividend of seven per cent. At a celebration held in the rooms of the Cercle de la Librairie, in Paris, on April 3, four hundred persons con¬ nected with the printing and book trades and other graphic industries were presented with diplomas and medals, in honor of their having each served twenty to thirty years for one house. During the strike of the French postoffice employees L’ Illustration, which has fifteen thousand foreign subscrib¬ ers, sent the edition of March 19 to them by freight to Brussels, placing it in the mails there, and for the weight of 7,500 kilograms added the goodly sum of $1,500 for postage to the postal exchequer of Belgium. The motto of the Republic of France, “ Liberty, Equal¬ ity, Fraternity,” was devised in the year 1793, by a printer, Momoro, who later was guillotined. His wife played the part of “ The Goddess of Reason ” during the feasts of the Revolution. Which goes to show that, in all cases when something great or something small takes place, a printer must always have a hand in it. A correspondent having requested some information about the Ecole Estienne, the graphic trade school at Paris, a few notes may be interesting. This institution is only a primary school and is intended to teach apprentices between the ages of thirteen to seventeen years; there¬ fore, it is not a school for the perfection of adult pupils. The course of instruction is divided into four years. For¬ eign scholars are admitted, but are charged $200 per year, which comprises a term of ten months of theoretical instruction in the schoolrooms and practical instruction in the mechanical department. The best-equipped mechanical sections are those devoted to bookbinding, lithography and copperplate printing. The entire equipment of the school is of the highest class. In a few months a new section for autotypy will be opened, the cost of which will be $25,000. There is perhaps no graphic school anywhere which can be compared with the Ecole Estienne in point of practical and sanitary equipment. The school operates under State aid, given for the purpose of assisting apprentices to obtain a grasp on all the elements of their trade. Courses in French, arithmetic, history, etc., are also given by spe¬ cial instructors, who have nothing to do with the technical branches. TURKEY. Says the Zeitschrift fur Deutschland’ s Buchdrucker: “A kingdom for a Turkish dictionary! This may well be the wish of many a reader of the day, to whom his news¬ paper dishes up daily a mixture of Turkish and Arabic language morsels. Selamik, Ulema, Imam, Bey, Scheich, Emir, Agha, Pascha, Effendi, Hodscha, Softa, Scheriat, Fetwa, Jildis, etc., meet us in varied array with each sec¬ ond line, and all this without a single indication of the meaning. What editors can be thinking of when they pre¬ sent such unintelligible work is a mystery. No one expects a literal translation, of course, but surely every reader has a right to a literary presentation that clearly carries the sense. Pity that Pascal David, the philologist of the Stras- burg Post, is no longer living, to give these editor-mechan¬ ics some needed instruction.” SWITZERLAND. A new series of Swiss banknotes is in prospect, and the question now is who will print them, the commission in charge of the matter not yet having arrived at a definite conclusion as to whether the work shall be done in Switzer¬ land, England or the United States. An American firm, which has a special polychrome process a la Orloff, and makes a specialty of notes almost proof against counter¬ feiting, in addition to a house in Basle and one in Zurich, is being seriously considered. • NORWAY. The female compositors and other workwomen in printing establishments of Norway have raised a protest against a proposed factory-inspection law, in which over¬ time and night work are forbidden for women. They do not desire protective legislation of that sort. THE ONLY WAY. After all, it isn’t clothes or deportment, or money, or doing as you’d be done by that makes a gentleman. You’ve got to be all right and then forget it. — Irving Bacheller, in “ The Hand-Made Gentleman.” VIEWS IN THE UNION PRINTERS’ CLUB, OP CHICAGO. 558 THE INLAND PRINTER JOB COMPOSITION BY F. J. TREZISE. In this series of articles the problems of job composition will be discussed, and illustrated with numerous examples. These discussions and examples will be specialized and treated as exhaustively as possible, the examples being criticized on fundamental principles — the basis of all art expression. By this method the printer will develop his taste and skill, not on mere dogmatic assertion, but on recognized and clearly defined laws. ON THE USE OF DECORATIVE MATERIAL. One of the hardest propositions for the printer to han¬ dle is that of ornamentation — the use of decorative mate¬ rial. To many job compositors it is the rock on which their hopes of successful work are wrecked, and perhaps more printing just misses being satisfactory through an injudi¬ cious use of embellishment than in any other way. Espe¬ cially is this true where decorative effects are employed to “ fill up ” white space. A bit of white space in a job is looked upon by many compositors as a thing to be avoided, and, although the job may have been planned without thought of embellishment, and the ornaments at hand may be entirely unsuited to the type or the subject, still all white spaces are filled up with ornaments of some kind. Like all other things, white spaces in a type-design must of us who can not remember the time when we longed for a wealth of ornaments, stock cuts and initial letters, in order that we might do “artistic” printing. Well, per¬ haps that was a laudable longing, for the plain type effects do become monotonous at times, and the same desire for decorative effects that actuates us in ornamenting our build¬ ings, etc., moves us to ornament our printing. But orna¬ mented printing is not necessarily artistic printing — neither does the lack of ornamentation imply an absence of art. Ornamentation is good only when it adds to and rounds out the text — it is never good where it detracts from or overshadows the reading matter. A job which is correct in other particulars is never spoiled through lack of decoration. On the other hand, we frequently see print¬ ing overornamented to a degree that renders it practically valueless. The ornamentation must be appropriate — not merely a pretty stock cut crowded into the design simply because it is the latest product of a typefoundry. The new orna¬ ments in the average shop are treated much in the same manner that characterizes the treatment of a new series of type — they are run in every job that comes in, regardless of their appropriateness, or lack of it. The question of whether the ornament fills the space seems to be the one of prime importance. A little thought will enable one to select ornamentation appropriate to the subject in hand, and a study, although limited, of decorative designs of various peoples and periods will materially aid the printer in deciding just what to use. The foundries furnish a wealth of decorative material, but without an intelligent application it is worse than useless. As an example, one sees in the catalogues various decorations of an architec¬ tural nature — columns, etc. In certain places they are used with excellent effect and produce the most pleasing | Shoes j Millinery J.d.Smmm | Ladies’ «><* Gents’ DRY GOODS 1 | Furnishings and FANCY GROCERIES II Fig. 1. — An illustra PRATTVILLE. ALABAMA. ne fails to see where this style of dec ition has anything in conn be properly situated and of relatively pleasing sizes, and, while this, of course, necessitates considerable thought and judgment, the printer who has reached the point where he can see a white space in a job without having an irre- sistable desire to fill it up with “ fancy work ” -has pro¬ gressed not a little. Still, however dangerous to pleasing effects may be decoration in the hands of the thoughtless or inexperienced, its proper use can not fail to add much to almost any typo¬ graphical design and a study of the possibilities of decora¬ tive material is most helpful. With all too many printers artistic printing consists of a free use of ornamentation. There are perhaps very few results, but in cases such as one which recently came to our notice, where a cover-page of a treatise on Gothic archi¬ tecture was elaborately embellished with architectural deco¬ rations which were characteristically Roman, one feels that the entire absence of ornamentaton would be infinitely preferable. Take Fig. 1 as an illustration of the fallacy of over¬ ornamentation. Decorative borders, underscoring of dif¬ ferent kinds, together with a variety of roaring lions, all go to make up a design that is just about as far from what a letter-head for a dry-goods house should be as it is pos¬ sible to imagine. Think of the effect such a letter-head as this must produce upon the recipient. He opens the envel- THE INLAND PRINTER 559 ope expecting to get a dignified business letter from a busi¬ ness house and is confronted by what might easily be taken at first glance for an advertisement for an animal show. We have no prejudice against the use of decorative mate¬ rial. We believe in ornamentation — and plenty of it. But as between a piece of commercial stationery decked A striking example of inappropriate decoration is shown in Fig. 4, a hanger issued by the New York Typo¬ graphical Union to advertise its fifty-ninth annual recep¬ tion and ball. The architectural motif, even though it were carefully and consistently worked out, suggests nothing whatever of the printing craft. Contrast it with Fig. 5, a L.w C LARDY PmlAot JOE CHAMBERS. W fflfts ®Wt? ftntiig drawl tj s£in (Rnrart Fig. 2. — In this example the decoration is of such character that it makes the text more effective. The original v out like a poster for a circus and an absolutely plain letter¬ head, we infinitely prefer the latter. In Fig. 2 the effect is quite the reverse of that produced by the preceding speci¬ men. The cut in the panel at the left is particularly appro¬ priate in connection with a theatrical letter-head, and there is not so much of it that the type is lost. The use of decorative material is not entirely without its humorous side, as Fig. 3 will show. The compositor or customer who was responsible for the use of this “ exceed¬ ingly appropriate ” cut certainly went the limit in his choice of decoration — but seemingly without much thought sketch submitted for the same hanger. In this latter exam¬ ple the decoration is thoroughly in keeping with the sub¬ ject, and the printer seeing this design naturally associates it with the craft. Liberties have been taken with the con¬ struction of the composing-stick and also with the propor¬ tion of the chase, but this conventionalizing is perfectly permissible in cases of this kind. It is by no means necessary to have the decoration sig¬ nify something pertaining to the subject. The bits of mis¬ cellaneous conventional decorations procurable from the foundries may be used as ornamentation regardless of James E. Free, m. d. BILLINGS, MONTANA Specialty: MIDWIFERY Fig. 3. — Another phase of ornamentation. It certainly does not leave a very good impression of thg doctor represented. as to the effect it would produce. Business and profes¬ sional cards are distributed for the purpose of advertising, and while some lines of advertising may be furthered through the medium of a joke, it is hard to see wherein the dignified profession of medicine can fail to suffer harm through this medium. The card is well calculated to cause a good laugh, but it doesn’t leave a very satisfactory impression of the doctor who gives it out. association with the subject — provided, of course, that they are not of such nature as to strongly suggest some¬ thing foreign. Where the printer has a choice, however, in the matter of cut or border, he should carefully con¬ sider which is the more appropriate. For instance, a decorative border of grapes and leaves would be entirely harmonious on a cover of a wine catalogue. A border of fleurs de lis or one of geometric design might answer the 560 THE INLAND PRINTER purpose, but one feels that the use of the grape motif does much to emphasize the fact of its being a wine catalogue. So far as the decoration for his own printed matter is concerned, the printer need never be at a loss. Numerous conventionalized proof presses, ink balls, etc., afford him first employed to forestall the practices of pirate publish¬ ers, it has continued a useful and popular feature. A printers’ mark in one or more colors furnishes the most appropriate and pleasing decoration that he can employ for his commercial stationery, etc., and is very effective. ample opportunity to i fitting manner. Thei monogram — a thing Dating back to the ( have, with the use of decorath se, overlook the ques- irmony in connection That the ornaments i with the type- THE INLAND PRINTER 561 i, as is also the consideration of whether t in shape to be associated with the type ui should not be used — neither should they be used solely to fill up a vacant space. If, however, their use is decided upon, the same careful attention that bears upon this deci- (fojppgrapljiral intPnNo.fi Tickets One Dollar BIG 6 59th Annual | Reception BALL Music by Bay ne’5 Sixty-ninth Regiment Band LincolnsBirthday Eve, Feb. 11/09 CRAND CENTRAL PALACE 43 d and 44th Streets and Lexington Ave. Proceeds to be Devoted to the Hospital Fund | mWm . W - Z and tl considered. Unless one is will that Le selection of the ornament, and it rith the balance of the job in char- In this way only can ornamenta- 3 of the job, they tion be successfully v 562 THE INLAND PRINTER woMoomos BY JOHN S. THOMPSON. The experiences of composing-machine operators, machinists and users are solicited with the object of the widest possible dissemination of knowledge concerning the best methods of getting results. Bruised Matrices. — A New York operator sends some damaged matrices and asks for the cause. Answer. — The damage may have been caused by a burr on the face of the mold-cap, as it seems improbable that such a deep bruise could be made from anything less than the pressure applied at this point. If you take a fine oil-stone and rub it across the face of the mold, any bruises will be detected. Another thing which may have caused the damage is that the line may have squabbled and so presented some of the matrices at an angle to the mold, resulting in such matrices being bruised. We have known this to occur. Metal. — F. C. M., Princeton, Indiana, writes: “ I wish you would please publish in your next issue of The Inland Printer an answer to the following and accept my thanks in advance : My metal for Linotype is too soft, many slugs being mashed on face; also stick in mold. I would like to know of something to strengthen metal; would also like to know of something that is good for cleaning metal when melting it.” Answer. — When metal becomes soft it is because it has lost its antimony, and this ingredient must be restored to make it hard again. The proper pro¬ portions can be determined by analysis if the standard formula is known. Where this is impracticable, a sample pig can be sent to the metal merchant and a temper metal ordered to add to the mass to restore it to standard. A small lump of sal ammoniac will cleanse the metal when remelting it. Bring the metal to a high temperature and stir thoroughly. Put in the smelting furnace all pot skim- mings and they will be reduced if heated sufficiently and stirred vigorously. Lock-up. — A Nebraska operator writes: “I enclose a sample of my trouble. I am getting a little metal on the face of the mold and it gets on the matrices and clogs the channels. I have been a student of your book for some time, but find no relief in this particular case. The machine is six years old, No. 3 model. Eccentric is set to lock as tight as possible. New disk and new mold. Your book has helped me out of the hole a good many times.” Answer. — As there are several causes for such trouble, you may dis¬ cover the reason by an examination. Open vise and with a straight-edge, or a piece of new brass rule held against the mold and extending over its surface, note whether the cap is in alignment with the base of the mold, as it should be. If it is not, and extends outward farther than the base of the mold, you have the cause of the trouble. Another test: Set up a line and send it into the elevator; lock the spaceband shifter and recast a few lines. While the machine is in operation note the extent of compression of the pot-lever spring as the pot locks up to cast. This spring, if it yields much over one-sixteenth of an inch may be the cause of the trouble. Increase the tension of the spring if found weak, or renew it if it is broken. Test mold-disk lock-up as follows: Close vise jaw; draw out starting lever. When mold-disk advances, push back the starting lever; by raising the first elevator the space between the mold and vise jaws may be determined. There should be room for about two pieces of print-paper when the mold is in this position. Damaged Matrices. — “ Slug Eight,” Cleveland, Ohio, writes : “ I am enclosing several matrices. I call your attention to the lower ears. All matrices show the same trouble; of course, the thin ones more than others. I can not locate the trouble. I thought at first it was caused by the assembler star or in the assembler, but it does not seem to be there. Sometimes the ear is almost cut off. Can you give me the cause and remedy? ” Answer. — From the nature of the damage to the matrices, it would suggest that the harm was done as they were entering the line- intermediate channel from the assembling elevator. If a line is elevated with much force, the first matrix to the left in the line may be thrown up a few points and the lower ears will be brought into contact with the rails in the line- intermediate channel. If the line is a short one, for exam¬ ple a thirteen-em line, the carriage travels seventeen ems, and if the air chamber permits too much speed, the ears aforesaid will receive the impact of this force against the rails in the line-intermediate channel. As a remedy, keep the duplex rail in the assembling elevator in, or send the lines up with less force. The line-delivery-carriage pump valve may be set so as to diminish the speed of the carriage. Low Letters. — An Iowa operator writes: “We are sending you under separate cover several slugs which have sunken letters. I marked them with a scratch on the slug so that you can see where they are. We also enclose in this letter a sheet which has been printed, which shows the trouble. We are having considerable trouble of late with the German machine in regard to this. Our lock-ups are perfect and all the adjustments are good and true. The matrices are about six years in use, about sixteen hours a day. The slugs are all right, when we use them for stereotyping, but when we come to print direct from the slugs, we have this trouble of low letters showing up faintly in the print. Would you be so kind and tell us where the fault lies? ” Answer. — Low letters’ are usually caused by faulty facewise alignment of the matrices. Facewise alignment is made by the pressure of the pot against the mold, which is thus forced against the faces of the matrices to align them. The pot has a compression¬ spring between it and the cam-lever which operates it. If this spring is broken or misadjusted it can not act. The lever should compress the spring a sixteenth of an inch when the cam forces the pot against the mold. Too much tin in the metal will also cause shrinkage, which will pro¬ duce low letters. Broken Springs. — A Minnesota operator writes : “ The machine which I am working on is a No. 2 model and is not in very good condition. I could not get more than half a dozen spacebands out of the box before they would be blocked, so last night I took the box off and found that the pawls were very dirty and that one was higher than the other and that only one ear of the spacebands was being released half the time. I cleaned the pawls and dressed them down to equal length and run the spacebands out of the box several times without getting a blockade. The keys are all worn smooth and there is not a letter on the lower-case keys, not even the groove. I tried taking out the fulcrum rods and putting the cap-levers on the lower¬ case side, but could remove only one rod, the rest being screwed so tightly that I could not get them out. The second-elevator bar spring is missing and the spring THE INLAND PRINTER 563 between the cam one and cam two is broken in two places. Are these springs of a special size and must they be pro¬ cured from the Mergenthaler Company, and, in ordering, what springs must I ask for? Magazines have never been cleaned, and the lad who is operating the other machine (a two-finger operator) has been putting graphite in them and they are very dirty. No tools in the place excepting one old file, a wrench and a couple of screw-drivers.” Answer. — In ordering springs from the Mergenthaler Company ask for B-238, second-elevator starting spring, and G-67, second-elevator bar spring. These springs should be on the machine and kept in proper condition. They can be secured from the Mergenthaler Company, 521 Wabash avenue, Chicago. Graphite should not be used in the maga¬ zine in the manner you described. It only magnifies the troubles and also produces other difficulties, such as causing the keyboard cams to be covered with graphite, and the roller to become smooth. Ejector, Etc. — An Illinois operator asks: “(1) In ejecting the slug in my machine, instead of the ejector being carried forward only as far as the shoe on the gear cam is set to carry it, sometimes the ejector will travel for¬ ward until the ejector slide strikes the guide block, and consequently kicks the slug against the front of the stick and mashes the face. This only occurs occasionally. What I want to know is, how can I adjust the ejector so that it will stop as soon as the shoe on the gear cam releases the pawl on the ejector lever? The machine is a Model 2. (2) Do you consider a coal-oil burner better than a gasoline burner for controlling the temperature of the metal? Can you control the heat with the coal-oil burner practically as well as you can with gas? With the gasoline burner there is no way to heat the mouthpiece, especially on a pot made for a gas burner, and I would like to know if the coal-oil burner is a success in this respect. What is the price of this burner? (3) Is the mold-wiper (F-898) front or back, and how is it attached? (4) What would be apt to cause a pot-lever to break in casting? I recently broke one in this way. Everything seemed to be in perfect adjustment, and the nuts on the eye-bolt under the pot were set the same as they were when the machine left the factory — the inside nut against the short section of gas-pipe on the bolt, and the outer nut on the end of the bolt. The only thing I could see wrong was that the spring on this eye-bolt had become compressed some from long usage. Would this lever stand the work if I should have the two pieces joined by brazing? I put on a new spring and slackened the inner nut on the eye-bolt. Was that the proper thing to do? ” Answer. — (1) To remedy your ejector difficulty, procure a new buffer-spring (F-337) and keep the ejector guide and blade free from oil. If you have changed the adjustment, readjust it so that the end of the blade just clears the edge of the spring-plate in the knife-block. (2) A coal-oil burner will not give as much heat as a gasoline burner, but it is used extensively. It usually gives much more trouble. Both burners must be regulated and kept clean. The coal- oil burner has a mercury governor to automatically regu¬ late the supply of oil; it does the work properly if it is adjusted right. The gasoline burner has no automatic regulator, it being an easy matter to keep it in order. We would recommend the gasoline burner. Both are sold by the Mergenthaler Company. (3) The mold-wiper (F-898) is a front wiper, and is attached to work betwen the top of the knives and the bottom of the right jaw. The wiper complete consists of F-898, F-886 and B-87. The cost is about $1. You can attach these parts. (4) The pot-lever might be broken if the lock-up between the pot and disk was obstructed by metal and if the machine was then forced over by hand, or by an abnormally strong pulling- clutch. Brazing should make it hold. The spring should compress at least one-sixteenth inch when the pot is locked up to cast. RECENT PATENTS ON COMPOSING MACHINERY. Justifying Mechanism. — B. F. Bellows, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to Electric Compositor Company, New York. Filed August 15, 1906. Issued May 11, 1909. No. 921,063. Slug-casting Machine. — B. F. Bellows, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to Electric Compositor Company, New York. Filed August 16, 1906. Issued May 11, 1909. No. 921,064. Matrix-distributing Mechanism. — B. F. Bellows, Cleve¬ land, Ohio, assignor to Electric Compositor Company, New York. Filed August 16, 1906. Issued May 11, 1909. No. 921,065. Machine for Making Printing-plates. — J. S. Duncan, Chicago, Illinois, assignor to Addressograph Company, Chicago, Illinois. Filed June 15, 1908. Issued May 11, 1909. No. 921,600. Typesetting and Printing Machine. — F. H. Brown, J. E. Hanrahan and J. L. Sellar, Baltimore, Maryland, assignors to American Planograph Company, New York city. Filed September 30, 1899. Issued May 18, 1909. No. 921,946. Type Mold. — S. C. Gaunt, Chicago, Illinois, assignor to Barnhart Brothers & Spindler, Chicago, Illinois. Filed December 2, 1907. Issued May 18, 1909. No. 922,129. Type-bar Machines. — F. H. Richards, Hartford, Con¬ necticut, assignor to American Typographic Corporation, New Jersey. Filed March 22, 1899; April 9, 1900. Issued May 15, 1909. Nos. 922,512; 922,632. Linotype-assembling Mechanism. — J. E. Billington and Charles Holliwell, Broadheath, England. Filed April 18, 1908. Issued June 1, 1909. No. 923,131. Linotype Matrix Swage. — P. E. Kent, New York city. Filed December 21, 1908. Issued June 1, 1909. No. 923,275. Type-embossing Machine. — W. G. Reynolds, Chicago, Illinois. Filed May 2, 1908. Issued June 8, 1909. No. 923,998. Assembling Mechanism. — J. R. Rogers, Brooklyn, New York, assignor to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, New York. „ Filed Feb. 1, 1909. Issued June 8, 1909. No. 924,000. Junior Linotype. — J. R. Rogers, Brooklyn, New York, assignor to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, New York. Filed December 4, 1908. Issued June 8, 1909. No. 924,001. Vise Jaw.— L. L. Kennedy, Brooklyn, New York, assignor to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, New York. Filed May 5, 1908. Issued June 8, 1909. No. 924,243. Monoline Machine. — H. Degener, Berlin, Germany. Filed May 23, 1908. Issued June 8, 1909. No. 924,326. WHY HE DID NOT STAND UP. Mr. X. was a prominent member of the B. P. O. E. At the breakfast table the other morning he was relating to his wife an incident that occurred at the lodge the pre¬ vious night. The president of the order offered a silk hat to the brother who could stand up and truthfully say that during his married life he had never kissed any woman but his own wife. . “And, would you believe it, Mary? — not a one stood up.” “ George,” his wife said, “why didn’t you stand up?” “ Well,” he replied, “ I was going to, but I knew I looked like hell in a silk hat.” — The National. 564 THE INLAND PRINTER ©STAND METHOD COST SYSTEMS VS. MANAGEMENT. BY JOHN D. GRIER. After reading many articles on the subject of prices printing should be sold at and cost systems, the writer wishes to point out a few things lost sight of in this recent agitation to raise the price of the printer’s product. Among these is lack of organizaton — handling men suc¬ cessfully. The average “ boss ” (it fits the old adage) when a workman became so incompetent that he could no longer get a situation as a journeyman, either became a foreman or a proprietor of a small shop. My many years’ expe¬ rience has proven this to be only too true, as it is very sel¬ dom you work for a man who conducts a print-shop whom you can tell anything. If you advance an idea, the “ boss ” will “ swell up ” and give you that cold stare that would freeze a drop of dew on a July morning. He will probably inform you that he is running the place and you are doing the work. “ Get busy,” do it my way or look for another job. In an organized print-shop, one should find the work the man can handle, keep him at it, and so get results; but I have very seldom found these conditions existing. You usually find a man working at something he does not like or can not do successfully. Handling men is a subject to which very few of our master printers give any thought, and they usually secure a foreman or superintendent who knows far less. They think a printer, or a so-called printer, can handle anything you hand him, and with very few instructions. Instructions! Well, they can give him very little of that article, as they would not know much about how to go at the work themselves, and try to push it out some way, often poorly constructed, badly spaced and rotten in general. But this is a day of specialists, and we get the special¬ ist foreman or superintendent, who knows one thing — we will say job composition. For example, the man was a first-class compositor, did his work fairly well, put up a good front; and the “ boss ” picks him out from among the many and gives him the position at the desk. Along come the tickets from the office, very meager instructions thereon, such as come out of the business office of the average print- shop. Among them is a sixty-four page catalogue, which, in time, is set up, without any planning, in many different styles, and I have seen the pages, which could have been easily set up all one size, all constructed different widths and lengths. Fine conglomeration to lock up! And Mr. Stoneman walks up to the desk, asks Mr. Job Printer Fore¬ man, “ Sixty-four pages inserted for saddle or flat-stitched book, which? ” What will the intelligent answer be? I want to ask the question here, how and where, in a few years, are we going to get a first-class, all-around printer, who understands every branch of the business, to act as foreman or superintendent? They are at present a scarce article, but in a few years we will not have one, as this is a day of specialists. The average printer to-day knows nothing about press- work or binding, not to mention photoengraving, electro¬ typing, paper — its different sizes, weights or quality, whether it is suitable for a letter-head, novel or a catalogue full of half-tones. He knows nothing of ink, the kind required in a particular case, if the job goes in colors, what to use suitable to the paper and to produce a desirable effect. But the foregoing assertions are not a criticism of such bad practices as some others the writer has encountered. The average head of a house handling printing knows very little about the physical condition of his plant, and many shops where I have worked, even though they secured $3 an hour for composition, would be producing at a loss. Why? Because there is no material, and the “ boss,” if requested to purchase material for the composing-room, will state that, “ we turned out the work last year, why not this year? ” never giving any thought to the business in hand and the present necessities. I had the pleasure of working in such a shop in a Western city. We had secured an extra rush of work, four large catalogues. The com¬ posing-room, then on the first floor, not being adequate to handle the work, they made space on the third floor, setting up frames for six men. This small force was turned loose up-stairs to get out the extra work, and “ overtime every night ” was the order. No material to work with was the first condition encountered. When sorts were wanted, it was “ Go down to the first floor.” The time put in on this work would make a wooden Indian blush. One day the vice- president came up and the writer endeavored to explain the condition of affairs, but the same old story was handed back. I finally insisted on having six-point three-em spaces. What did he get? One-half pound for six men to work with ! In this same shop I have seen the lead and slug cases turned upside down for three or four hours at a time, twenty-five to thirty men at work, or trying to work, in the composing-room, and all other material likewise lacking. What did it cost this firm an hour for composition? I have encountered the same conditions in Chicago. This woeful lack of material and poor management, which most print-shops are working under, will never enable the master printer to make money in his composing-room. The pressrooms and binderies are about in the same condition — a mass of antiques which would make a “ mossback ” turn green with envy. A short time ago the writer had a conversation with a gentleman who was foreman in a shop in this city, oper¬ ating a battery of Gordons and six cylinders, having held the position for six months, under the most trying circum¬ stances. One day he sent a requisition to the “ boss ” for a dozen strips of reglet. After a couple of days it came back unhonored and the head of the house, when the sub¬ ject was brought up, wanted to know what he wanted to use them for. The foreman backed up and bowed himself out of the job. What more could the man do? The writer at present is working in a shop where mate¬ rial has not been replaced in ten years. Recently a cylinder pressman put in two hours trying to get a form locked up in a chase which resembled a “ barrel hoop,” to lay flat on the bed of the press so that it would print without a blur. Life is too short to mention the other deficiencies of this place, but the “ boss ” complains that he is not making money; yet he gets a fair price for his work, but can not see the necessity of replacing the old material. The writer admires the movement to raise the price of printing and has often made the statement “ that it is impossible to get too much money for a piece of printing,” but there are many deficiencies which the “ price-booster ” and “ cost-system man ” is overlooking, and, in order to THE INLAND PRINTER 565 put our business in the front rank, where the banker will look upon us favorably, he must master these faults, most of which are in the workroom, where the “ boss ” likes to hold on to the relics of bygone days and endeavors to pro¬ duce an output which will show a dividend every year. Look over your plant, replace your old worn-out material, buy new, in sufficient quantities, and you will find two jobs being produced where one used to come out, pay-roll decrease, and you’ll have money in the bank. This is not an argument of a supply-house salesman, but that of an ordinary tramp printer who has worked in a shop or two. THE HOME-MARKET IDEA IN CHICAGO. The Chicago Association of Commerce claims to be the largest organization of business men in the world, which is proof of its intense Chicagoism. The purpose of the requires an investment of more than $1,000 for each employee. “ The annual report as furnished by the Tribune last January gives the volume of business in our line at approximately $30,000,000 a year, and which, we believe, with its full measure of reciprocity from the members of this association can be largely increased. Sixty-six per cent of the amount expended in our product is for labor, prac¬ tically every dollar of which returns through the various channels of business to Chicago merchants, as those employed by us are not the class that send their surplus to Europe, or leave this country after earning a competence. “We have found that many of the larger concerns, members of this association, have in the past given very little personal attention to the placing of their printing contracts, leaving it in many cases to subordinates, who Bust anti 3kust €at Btmes anti BoUars association is to promote the commercial interests of the Windy City at home and abroad. Under its auspices there was held , recently a “ public discussion of the internal trade question — of Chicago for Chicago.” Manufacturers told of the small percentage of the goods made in Chicago that were sold in that city; and buyers recited why they did not patronize their fellow citizens. It so happens that a sore spot with Chicago printers is the practice of send¬ ing work out of town by some merchant princes. E. F. Hamm, of the Blakely Printing Company, was among the speakers at this meeting and took occasion to voice the wintry discontent of the craft in this wise : “ Market cooperation in my opinion means market reciprocity, and reciprocity among members of this associa¬ tion is, I believe, an all-important question. Ex-President Hall had the following to say on the question : ‘ The more general the sentiment of reciprocity becomes in a great market like this, the more its trade is bound to increase. It is the volume of trade that makes and maintains a great market, rather than the extent of its dealings in a few commodities, however important it may be. The edu¬ cation of our merchants and manufacturers in the theory and practice of reciprocity and cooperation to their highest degree of practicability is to-day the most important single aim of the association, and, I believe, that no member will either fail to recognize these facts, or will decline to give them his indorsement. It is essential, however, that they should not be forgotten, but be kept in practical every-day use.’ “ I therefore feel that too much can not be said upon this subject, and what I have to say is in behalf of Sub¬ committee No. 45, as well as, I hope, in the interest of the association. Subcommittee No. 45, on which I have the privilege of serving, is composed of printers and binders, an industry which stands sixth in magnitude in the line of manufacturers in the United States, and which, in the point of members, has the largest representation in this associa¬ tion of any manufacturing line. It is an interest which have not the best interest of the association and our city at heart, and, therefore, place the work with out-of-town con¬ cerns. This is the day of specialists, and particularly so in our line. “ I venture the assertion that most any job of printing that is being placed with out-of-town concerns can be dupli¬ cated both in price and quality in Chicago if the buyer will simply take the trouble to investigate as to what concerns are best fitted to handle his particular line of printing. It is unfair to the Chicago printers for any of our local mer¬ chants to ask a price on a certain piece of work of a Chicago printer who is not properly fitted in his mechan¬ ical departments to economically produce this particular piece of work, and then obtain a price on the same work from a printer outside of Chicago, who may be well fitted to handle it for various reasons, and then make a com¬ parison of the figures with those received from the Chicago printer and then allow the contract to be awarded on this basis. “ While we have certain conditions that militate against us, it has been found that where the character of work and other points are considered, the Chicago printer is able to compete with any of the out-of-town printing-offices. Your subcommittee asks your consideration and requests that some action may be taken by this association that we may be better able to serve the association by enlarging its membership.” HOW IT IS WITH THE ENVELOPE-MAKERS. J. A. Johnston, of the Samuel Cupples Envelope Com¬ pany, spoke at a Franklin Club lunch in Chicago, giving the reasons that led up to the organization of the West¬ ern Envelope Club. It is merely a local affair and does not exert an influence over so wide a field as its members would wish. But, as the influences which compelled Chi¬ cago envelope men to get together operate all over the country, there are signs that the Chicago plan will grow till it becomes a nation-wide affair. In fact, the prelimi- 566 THE INLAND PRINTER nary meeting has been held, and a national organization is assured. Mr. Johnston said he had come through an experience in which the “ knocking ” salesman and lying buyer were considered necessary adjuncts to upbuilding of a successful business. The speaker had reached the conclusion that those methods were piratical and he now believed that the civilized method of having some regard for the welfare of the industry — being altruistic — was the up-to-date and most successful way. When the first envelope-maker told a customer that he would not figure against a fair price given by a competitor, the latter was suspicious that behind this statement was a desire to do bodily ill. Then some one thought of getting the suspicious ones and the Good Samaritans together. At the first meeting there was a great deal of constraint, if not some actual coldness. Under the genial influence of good viands, there was a frank swapping of experiences, and they found a remark¬ able similarity in troubles. Mr. Lying Buyer was uncov¬ ered, and sincere regret felt for the hard feelings he had engendered between competitors. Gradually the manu¬ facturers were drawn closer together and they endeavored to eliminate some evils and put the stamp of approval on worthy trade practices. Mr. Johnston quoted some prices On printing that took away the breath of the straight-line printers. He said sev¬ eral reasons could be cited as responsible for this condition of affairs. One was that in the absence of a national association, members of the Western Envelope Club had to meet the prices of outsiders. Another was that all envelope-makers do not know their costs, and are easy prey for buyers who play the game so that the bidder will forget his overhead — that is, if he is so well versed as to know what that meant and its importance. It is impossible for the ordinary printer to meet the prices of the envelope- maker, as the last mentioned had special machinery for the making and printing of their product. But in fully equipped establishments the cost of production was about the same and they knew that many jobs were taken and delivered for less than cost. Another drawback is — and until it is obliterated there is little hope of envelope- makers getting a profit on their printing — the competi¬ tion of the Government. It offers to do that work for nothing. It is the general impression in the trade that the contractor for these printed envelopes is not piling up wealth at a menacing rate. Mr. Johnston appealed to his hearers to do what they could to have the Government abandon its policy relative to printing return cards on envelopes, a sentiment which was heartily approved. In closing, Mr. Johnston paid his respects to the luke¬ warm and milk-and-water members of trade organizations. He said their forte was criticizing their competitors and bewailing poor conditions. Yet they know all the short cuts, and hold aloof from associated effort because they know it all and can’t learn anything about the business, to hear them tell it. These are the people who not only are not making money, but giving their substance to the buyer and preventing others from getting their just dues. Every energy should be exerted to get that class of men into an organization, so that they may be shown what they are — stumbling-blocks to themselves and every interest in their line of business. The Western Envelope and the Ben Franklin clubs may seem small affairs to some of their members, said Mr. Johnston, “ so also was the little association in New Bed¬ ford and Fairhaven formed of grocers to improve their buying ability. It was organized by Henry H. Rogers. Its members soon outstripped their rivals and through it Mr. Rogers got his start in life. If he had adhered to the ideas he seemed to have in those days — that business was cooperation, not war> — he might have enjoyed his millions and had his memory respected and beloved of men.” UNION OFFICIAL ON TRADE ABUSES. In the current American Pressman, Mr. Berry, presi¬ dent of the International Pressmen’s Union, has an arti¬ cle dealing with the cut-price problem. He likens it to the rebate evil, which is not half bad as an analogue. Mr. Berry says it is difficult to imagine that the evil is as wide¬ spread in any other industry as in the printing trade, and regards it the duty of all followers of the craft to lend their energies toward the elimination of the practice. In Mr. Berry’s opinion, “ the cause and responsibility do not rest on any one of the parties,” though “ the employing printer for the time pays the damage, but ultimately all interests are affected, for the evil adds to the irregular condition of the commercial printing industry.” There is a hard jab at supply houses that are over liberal with their credit, thereby placing a heavy and undeserved burden on the solvent and successful printer. The public has been educated to low prices by unbusi¬ nesslike practices prevailing in the trade, says Mr. Berry. While many people “ realize that the work is worth more than is demanded by employing printers, they will continue to secure their printing at the lowest possible figure.” He does not believe the remedy can be wrought by any single element in the trade. There will have to be cooperation of the broadest and most comprehensive character. Mr. Berry sees an opportunity for organized labor to get in the game, for he believes greater uniformity of wages is needed, say¬ ing: “The nonunion shop will not assume uniformity of wages, which is one of the principal factors, nor will it assure uniformity of output, and certainly, to average the cost of the product, those points are the most essential. Labor organizations should cooperate with employers to the degree of forcing a regulation wage, and give more attention to a system of education that will improve the workmanship of the men. With such a policy, other abuses, of which there are many, can be systematically and gradu¬ ally eliminated.” Speaking of what he calls the “ rebate graft,” Mr. Berry remarks : “ It is the duty of our organization, whether or not members indulge in such practices, to vigorously prose¬ cute a campaign of publicity and punishment that will have the effect of minimizing the present abuse.” A SHORT SERMON FOR PRINTERS. Having chosen to be a printer, my son, joy will forever be just ahead of thee. Thou wilt ever be near to the vision of sweet-featured reality, but will get the hypothesis instead, unless thou art wise. Printers are a breed unto themselves, mysteriously generated and nourished on the bile of trade cupidity, which is confectionery to them. Verily, printers have three parts- — -the job-vigor, the figure-obscura and the dump-entia. These are hard to overcome, but printers, “ come over ” with them easily. Be a chastening rather than a chasing printer. Do not speed the job to cover and when up to it do not feed the giver on the little wind thou hast left, but wrap about thyself an undiscovered quality and let the customer guess. But never guess thyself; know both thy figures of speech and cost; be thou the entity and if there is to be a nonentity let it be the customer or thy rival. He who telleth all he knoweth is empty, but he who seemeth to know much and sweateth it slowly is swelled with irresistible charm. When THE INLAND PRINTER 567 thou seekest money remember it is fugitive; seem not too eager to possess it, but be coy, even as the maiden who showeth just above her ankles, and it will not take flight. In business as in courtship the reserve is ever an unknown quantity. Follow these precepts, my son, and if thou wilt be a printer thou mayest be more than an assumption and may get the job. — The British and Colonial Printer and Stationer. RESPONSIBILITY OF PRINTERS. The June issue of the Ben Franklin Monthly contains a story of an interesting case of a spoiled job and the respon¬ sibility therefor. It is an involved affair, in the sense that four firms did the work, three of which might, on a super¬ ficial glance, be said to be in some sense responsible for the spoilage. The Troy Laundry Machinery Company wanted a cata¬ logue printed. It purchased the paper, had a firm make the printing-plates, another the embossing-plates and also gave it the job of doing the embossing. George Seton Thompson was requested to figure on the printing. In doing so he said, “ The scoring should be done after the embossing, otherwise it might interfere with the register.” Mr. Thompson received the material first and was told to go ahead. In order to insure register, the embossing-plate was sequred and the embosser’s instructions on feeding were followed. The job was handled with great care, the paper being allowed to stand for a week with frequent turn¬ ings so as to season it, and during the progress of the work the paper and tympan were carefully covered each night. As a further precaution a printed sheet was run the second time every three or four hundred impressions to guard against any variation in the guides and prove the register. The printed covers were sent to the embossing company, which found it impossible to make its work register with the printing. This condition led to a conference of all the par¬ ties in interest, in an effort to fix responsibility. The paper company said it did not guarantee the stock; paper was susceptible to atmospheric conditions, but that was at the user’s or buyer’s risk and not the seller’s. The platemaker did not regard himself as in any way responsible, while the embosser said he was doing satisfactory work for his cus¬ tomers, but could not make this job register, as no two sheets appeared to be alike. On being asked for a statement, Mr. Thompson said: “ The way this job has been handled is a mistake. The only way to get satisfactory results is to have the printing and embossing done by the same firm under the same con¬ ditions. I did not make the plates, nor the stock, and can not control the weather. The only reason the embossing will not register is because the paper has dried or con¬ tracted since the printing was done. Having no control of the work since it left my shop, I am not responsible.” The conferees agreed that the customer should be taken care of in some way. The paper house promised to bill the paper at cost and provide another lot at the same rate; the embossing company offered a material reduction and Mr. Thompson expressed his willingness to cancel his charge, so as to pave the way for a satisfactory job — having in mind his dictum that the printing and embossing should be done in the same office. This liberal — perhaps generous is a more fitting term — arrangement was not satisfactory to the customer, who wrote Mr. Thompson : “ In view of the fact that you accepted the contract, knowing the conditions under which it was to be produced, we shall expect you to deliver to the embosser eight thousand covers in such condition as will enable him to register the die and complete the job in a satisfactory manner, without further unnecessary delay and without additional expense to us.” This exceeded the terms of the original contract, and provoked a reply in which Mr. Thompson took the position that his work had been done in a competent manner and requesting check for amount of bill. The purchaser’s reply to this was a note saying that if Mr. Thompson did not within twenty-four hours promise to do the work, the mat¬ ter would be “ handed to our attorneys.” This roused the ire of Mr. Thompson and, after con¬ sultation with the officers of Franklin Club, he gave the customer a Roland for his Oliver by “ beating him to the courts,” and entered suit for the amount of his bill. Mr. Thompson demonstrated that he had taken every precaution to secure a first-class piece of work — had ful¬ filled all the terms of his contract. He alleged the defect was due to shrinkage in the paper, and as that was supplied by the customer, he would have to stand for any damage resulting therefrom. Witnesses for the defendant customer were compelled to admit that defects could only be explained because “ the paper had shrunk after the printing had been done.” It also developed that the embossing die had been cut in two after the printing had been registered by it. The Monthly says this “ fact in itself was sufficient to destroy the case for defense.” Judgment was entered for the plaintiff and a new trial was denied on the ground that defendant’s witnesses had proved the case for Mr. Thomp¬ son. Commenting on the case, a writer in the Monthly says : “ It has come to be a part of the plan of some buyers of printing to parcel out their work, as was done in this case. Evidently the scheme is to get it done at the lowest possible rate. Therefore, they buy the designs from the artist direct, the plates from an engraver, and the paper from the wholesaler, in each case getting the same rate as the printer would, plus the cash discount. In each transaction they deprive the printer of his legitimate profit on all the parts of these correlated lines entering into the complete job. If the printer furnished all the things going into the make-up of a catalogue he should be held responsible for the proper fulfilment of the contract. He is justly entitled to a profit on all the various parts he buys to complete the work. He must have this profit when he takes the risk. Where all the materials used in producing a piece of work are furnished by the customer, the printer is deprived of a large part of the legitimate profits on the contract. Then, as in the Thompson case, when anything goes wrong, the question of responsibility is always a matter of dispute. “ It would seem to be better business practice for the customer to place contracts for the entire work with the printer, and for the printer to decline contracts for only a portion of the work, unless some specific agreement is made fixing responsibility absolutely and beyond any chance for dispute. “A grave injustice was the attempt to saddle the entire cost of another lot of covers on the printer. “ The unfortunate part of the case was compelling the printer to take the case into court in order to collect his legitimate bill. This cost time and money in getting the evidence together, the services of a lawyer, witness fees, time of the plaintiff’s own witnesses, and all the other inci¬ dental and numerous expenses unavoidable in such cases, in order to collect a just claim. “ If other printers profit by these experiences and avoid complicated contracts, either by refusing them altogether or insisting on doing the complete work, and getting a fair profit therefor, the lesson will be well worth the price.” 568 THE INLAND PRINTER PR.ESSR.OOM The assistance of pressmen is desired in the solution of the Automatic Feeders for Job Presses (481). — “Will you please give me information regarding automatic feed¬ ers for job presses? Do you know of any that can be attached to an ordinary job press by which two-color work can be produced?” Answer. — Tucker Feeder Company, 1 Madison avenue, New York; Kidder Press Company, Dover, New Hampshire; Kramer Web Manufacturing Company, 364 Race street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Printers’ Chase and Machine Company, 13 North Jeffer¬ son street, Chicago, Illinois. Immoderate Reducing of Ink (488). — Submits a blot¬ ter printed in bronze-blue and yellow. The yellow is printed uniformly, but the blue is weak looking and appears mottled in the solid type. He asks : “ How can I overcome the mottled effect in the type? I used a reducer, but I pre¬ sume I did not get the ink thin enough.” Answer. — The reducing of the ink has been carried too far, thus causing the weak and mottled effect. It is quite possible that the glazed surface of the blotter peeled with the ink in its original state. A slight amount of reducing varnish or other reducing medium can be safely used if it does not tend to weaken the ink. Balsam copaiba or boiled oil is often used for the purpose. It is a wise plan to keep posted on the various reducing mediums offered by ink-dealers. Several cans of these compounds should always be kept on hand. There is little or no waste attached to their use. Removing Copying-ink from Rollers (485). — “We are having trouble with our rollers every time we use pur¬ ple copying-ink. It seems that the ink eats them, and, besides, it is so difficult to remove the ink afterward. How should such rollers be cleaned, and what will prevent the destruction of the rollers? ” Answer. — You should use hard summer rollers for copying-ink, and add a small amount of glycerin to the ink. This will tend to diminish the pull of the ink, which is so trying to the surface of the rollers. As the copying-ink is composed principally of analin, it can not be entirely removed in cleaning, because it penetrates below the surface of the roller and stains the gelatin. To clean the rollers, sheet off as much ink as pos¬ sible, then run on a liberal amount of news ink and allow it to distribute. The rollers may then be washed with ben¬ zine or turps. Some pressmen prefer to have the rollers washed with water and then dried by rolling over pieces of print or other soft paper. Copying-ink rollers may be used for black, but not for colored inks. Tympan for Cover-form (484). — Submits a booklet cover printed in black ink on heavy antique cover-stock. Several solid cuts appear in the advertisements. These cuts are not printed solid, although ample color was car¬ ried. The make-ready is responsible for this condition, inasmuch as that impression is lacking on the entire form. The query is as follows : “ What kind of tympan and make- ready should be used on the enclosed cover? I find that I must carry considerable color to have the dark cuts print properly; then they dry so slowly.” Answer. — Use print- paper for a tympan where old type or electros are used. The tympan may be covered with one or two sheets of hard manila as the condition of the form may warrant. Pull an impression on a thin sheet of book-paper or print for the mark-out sheet; attach this sheet several sheets deep in the tympan. On a form having solid cuts and large type several mark-out sheets may be required. When the form is ready to run, work up the color to the proper point. Do not start with a surplus, as this condition may conceal defects of the make-ready, which will have to be corrected later. In printing on soft heavy stock carry a strong impression, with the ink as short as the stock will stand, but not to the extent that the surface is peeled or made fuzzy in the solids. Boiled oil used sparingly will serve the purpose of thinning the ink if it is required. If the run is a short one add as much Japan drier as the ink will stand. Perforating Rule on a Platen Machine (487). — “ Please inform me what to use in the tympan when work¬ ing a perforating rule on a platen machine. What is the price in English money of a book on embossing? Is the instruction applicable to country shops where we make our own dies?” Answer. — In working perforating rule with a type-form, if possible have the rule parallel with the rollers to avoid cutting them. If the rule must be placed the other way, lock the form out of parallel with the sides of the chase. Under the top sheet place a sheet of pressboard, which will be changed as often as it becomes lumpy with ink and paper. As most all perforating rule sold is above type height, some printers reduce the height by sharpening to a trifle under type-high and compensate for the difference in the make-ready by pasting a strip of pressboard beneath the top sheet. As this is not inked there is less deposit beneath the perforations. The strip may be renewed as occasion demands. Another method is to make two impressions of the work. First print the form, then lock up the perforating rule between two six- point pieces of brass rule of equal length. The rollers are removed from the press and several pieces of heavy manila are stretched over a pressboard as tympan. The brass rule on each side of the perforating rule prevents undue cutting and allows the sheets to strip readily without tearing and gives clean cutting. “A Practical Guide to Embossing and Die Stamping ” is a comprehensive work on the subject. All prevailing methods of embossing are explained in sim¬ ple language. The book will be sent postpaid for 6s. 3d. by The Inland Printer Company. Offsetting of Process Inks (483). — Submits speci¬ mens of tri-color work printed on coated Bristol. The fin¬ ished impression appears dead, the colors being flat and without luster. The blue shows spotted in the shadows and appears somewhat darker than ordinary process blue. In referring to the specimen the pressman says: “There was a run of twelve thousand with ideal weather for such work. The work was slipsheeted, except the yellow, and was allowed to stand twenty-four hours in the slipsheets. Had them piled in bunches of about two hundred sheets, but with all this care there was an offset from the red. Was the trouble with the ink or the manner of using it? I usually have trouble with the red ink in this way. I use the ink as it comes from the can, without modifying it in any way. What is the cause of the trouble? ” Answer. — It may have been that the yellow was allowed to become bone dry before the red was applied. This condition would not permit the red to blend with the yellow, but, rather, make it necessary for the red to dry on the surface. In this manner the red will dry slower; a trial by rubbing with the finger will not always reveal its true state. The THE INLAND PRINTER 569 printing of the blue on the red, which is only dry on the surface, gives a cause for the mottled appearance of the solids. While it is not advisable to print the red while the yellow is still wet, still this must be done before the yellow is completely dried. If the inks have not been ordered spe¬ cially for the stock the necessity of modifying their work¬ ing and drying properties is apparent. A retarder for the yellow and driers or binders for the red and blue inks have become indispensable in a pressroom. For some time past a number of inkmakers have carried their special varnishes and binders for process printing. In the make-ready for the process plates the use of the several mechanical over¬ lays makes the work of blending the various colors more exact, on account of the selective nature of these methods. The large printers use these methods exclusively in their work, it is said. Label Stock Wrinkling (482). — Submits a 20 by 30 inch sheet of labels, eight on. The plates are 7% by 9 inches and have six points’ space between each plate. The gripper-bite is three picas. The stock is thin, but of good quality. The tail end of the sheet shows a slight wrinkling, which comes opposite a slurring on the gripper edge. The letter of inquiry reads : “ Our pressman has been having some trouble on our new press, caused by wrinkling of the paper. He has changed the grippers and sheet-guards and has been able to get it from the ends to the center, but can not get rid of it entirely. The plates are light and the ink corresponds. The paper lies flat, so we do not believe it causes the trouble. Will thank you for any suggestions you may offer.” Answer. — The slurring at the gripper edge at a point where one of the lower guides is placed seems to indicate that the guide rest is raised too high. When the grippers close on the sheet with the guide rest in this position there is a buckling of the stock, and as this part of the stock strikes the edge of the plate before the cylinder presses it to the form, a slur or double print marks the white part of the sheet outside the actual printing area. This marking is irregular in appearance, being stronger and weaker at various intervals. A test to determine this condition may be made by closing the grippers on a sheet and turning the cylinder forward until the edge of the sheet is clear of the guide rest. In this position the sheet should lay close to the cylinder and show no curve or buckle. On some old-style two-revolution presses it was a difficult problem to have the guide rest remain in a position where it would not cause a buckling of the stock and at the same time clear the tail end of wide sheets when delivering to the fly. The guide rests should be set low enough to lay quite close to the top sheet. This is accomplished on some presses by an adjustment which raises or lowers the feed- board. When wrinkling occurs in full forms where open or white spaces occur, it may be due to the draw given the stock by the uneven impression of some of the plates. This cause is readily detected, as the wrinkles usually radiate from the affected part. Where thin or flimsy stock is used the rapid closing of the grippers on a sheet which may not lay close to the feed-board causes it to buckle uniformly along the guide edge. This difficulty is readily corrected by hanging a sheet of heavy, rough manila paper over the sheet-guards and allowing its lower edge to extend to the bottom rod of the sheet-guard. The guards may be set so as to press this sheet lightly against the cylinder. This plan causes the smoothing out of buckled sheets by excluding the air from under the sheet. This may be applied to drum cylinders as well as two-revolution presses. Mounts for Process Engravings (486) . — “ I have a four-color job consisting of the usual three-color plates and the black plate, size 7% by 8% inches. When the plates came from the engraver they were mounted on a wood block. As we were to use them for an indefinite period, they were returned to be mounted on paneled backing. The engraver stated that the paneled backing, which they put on at our request, had warped before they had shipped them. They then removed the plates and remounted them on bridged-metal mounts. I contend that the metal mounts are all right, if made solid, but as the bridged mounts have so much blank space, it allows the plate to sink unless it is locked up with the supporting parts parallel with the bed- bearers. The first pulls taken from these plates when mounted on wood, show a uniform impression, and the make-ready only requiring about an hour for each plate. When the second order was being printed, this time with plates on metal, the red plate had three depressions, which required considerable overlaying to make a uniform print. Underlaying was out of the question on account of the dis¬ tance between supports. The other plates were in like con¬ dition. The make-ready time was necessarily increased three times on this account. Am I justified in demanding that these plates be remounted on paneled blocks or at least on solid metal bases? The plates cost $65, and I believe for that price I should have better results. I believe that engravers should study the printing side of the question a little more. It would eliminate such controversies as this between the printer and the engraver.” Answer. — An impression of the red section of a process label submit¬ ted with the above letter shows one part to be uniformly even, while five distinct sinks give no print whatever. As some of these low places occurred between the supporting ribs there is no means for underlaying, making it neces¬ sary to even up the impression by overlaying. It is quite possible that the trouble originated in the repeated un¬ mounting of the block. The plate was mounted while it retained some slight bends it received when it was removed from the wood mounts. We believe your demand would be complied with if fully understood by the engraver. There are two methods of applying permanent metal mounts to plates such as these : one is the solid ; the other the bridged block. The former is used for very heavy work, which will include embossing dies and solid tint-blocks. The bridged mounts are suitable for ordinary color-plates. Wood mounts, when permanently attached to plates, do not as a rule give entire satisfaction, on account of their tendency to swell and shrink and yield under continued pressure. The use of sectional metal blocks is a distinct advance toward the solution of the problem of stable mounts for cuts. A TEST OF PROGRESSIVENESS. Some of the greatest drawbacks to progress are the fal¬ lacious postulates which new ideas encounter. The spirit of nonprogressiveness was well summed up in a remark made by a manufacturer to whom a new proposition was presented — -a remark that is classic in its stupidity: “ If there had been anything in that idea, don’t you suppose some one would have taken it up long ago? ” It is over such obstacles as this that nearly every improvement in' mechanics, methods, and policies has been made. Unless ideas were in advance of the time in which they first appeared they would not be new. Whether a man belongs to the new or the old order of things is largely indicated by the way he first receives something new. — W. P. War¬ ren, in Collier’s. _ _ “ Were you ever surrounded by wolves? ” “ No; but I used to open the dining-room doors at a summer hotel.” — Louisville Courier- Journal. 570 THE INLAND PRINTER NEWSPAPER. WORK THE INLAND PRINTER 571 lS°iSriZf£2i“I»rI?'IS2 , Journal, Mechanios- .ull, president, Herald N. — C. M. Day, president, Daily Argus- -president, Public Opinion, lident, Pioneer-Register, x Falls; H. A. Sturgess, J. P. Caldwell, presi- N. Rhodes, News, Bir- ■easurer, News, Birming- Cornwell, Jour- , C. H. Thurston, 'inthrop ; E. F. Sibley, Putnam, Conn. ; C. W. ig secretary, Daily Free er, Journal, Somerville. . Thurston, Chronotype ITIsS M. P. Rindlaub .ndrews, Bloome: K. Davis, Miltoi s. — Items of general interest regarding the associations will be published in this depart¬ ment each month. Members are requested to send us infor¬ mation relating to forthcoming events and the doings of ■their meetings, which will appeal to publishers generally. Each succeeding meeting of an association is supposed to be “ the largest ever attended,” and “interesting papers ” •are always read, so that such references, either before or rafter a meeting, are not “ news of general interest,” but all ■members of all associations are interested in the happen¬ ings at the various meetings where something out of the ordinary occurs or is planned to occur. The Inland Printer desires to present to its readers the “ meat in the •cocoanat,” and to present the meat only. In this resolve it believes it will have the hearty cooperation of every secre¬ tary and every individual member. The Texas Press Association will have twenty delegates •at Seattle. Ten Days in Eastern Canada. — The Pennsylvania 'State Editorial Association has just completed a ten days’ trip through eastern inland Canada, including the Muskoka Lake region, the Hudson Bay country and Ottawa. Outing of Georgians. — The Georgia Weekly Press .Association is to spend a week among the mountains in "North Georgia this month, several of the settlements hav¬ ing extended hospitalities. The outing follows immediately .•after its annual business session. Association Trips. — Arkansas Press Association, one •of the most active organizations in the country, makes a -great feature of its trips each year. In the past it has -visited Buffalo, Chicago, St. Louis, Denver, Asheville, Gal¬ veston and Old Mexico, but this year it made a tour of its -own State in a special train, stopping at pretty points and ^interesting .towns where they were received like “ long-lost children ” and stuffed with fried chicken. The trip was declared to be the most enjoyable of all. At the last meet¬ ing of this association, held in May, there were over two hundred members in attendance. Pennsylvania to Go in a Special Car. — Pennsylvania State Editorial Association is to send an enthusiastic dele¬ gation to the Seattle convention, having their own special car. They have high hopes of electing their ex-President, Hon. A. Nevin Pomeroy, to the presidency of the National Association. Connecticut daily and weekly publishers have joined forces, the Daily Newspaper Publishers’ Association of Con¬ necticut and the Connecticut Editorial Association meeting at the same time and place, holding their business meetings separately and then joining for lunch and to hear and dis¬ cuss papers. July Meetings. — National Editorial Association, Spo¬ kane, July 19-25; Colorado Editorial Association, Steam¬ boat Springs, - — ; New York Associated Dailies, Cooperstown, July 13-16; New York Press Association, Cooperstown, July 13-16; Georgia Weekly Press Associa¬ tion, Douglas, July 13 and 14; Virginia Press Associa¬ tion, Rockbridge Alum Springs, July 13; Suburban Press Association of New England, Island No. 2, Lake Ellis, Athol, Massachusetts, July 26. History of Canadian Journalism. — A commendable stroke of enterprise is shown by the Canadian Press Asso¬ ciation, which recently published a “ History of Cana¬ dian Journalism.” The book is written by Dr. A. H. U. Colquhoun, Deputy Minister of Education for Ontario, and covers the rise of journalism in each of the provinces of the dominion from the earliest times to the present day. It is a volume of 250 pages and contains the portraits of past presidents of the association, which has been in existence fifty years. Summer Outings. — The Suburban Press Association of New England holds monthly meetings, usually convening at the Crawford House, Boston, but the June, July and August meetings are to be principally summer outings, where business will be combined with pleasure. At the invitation of the corresponding secretary, R. William Waterman, they will be held at Island No. 2, Lake Ellis, Athol, Massachusetts, and the lady friends and relatives of the members are included in the invitations.. This associa¬ tion was organized in 1881 and has been represented at all the conventions of the National Editorial Association, fur¬ nishing two of its presidents. Inland’s June Meeting. — The June meeting of the Inland Daily Press Association, held in Chicago on June 15, was, as usual, strictly a business session. This association has probably had more to do with keeping the price of print-paper down in the Middle West than any other one influence, and what has been accomplished in this direction alone demonstrates what real practical benefit may result from publishers getting together at stated intervals and discussing business problems of mutual interest. The Inland holds meetings three times a year, in February, June and October, all of which are held in Chicago. Nothing but business enters into their sessions, and no “ courtesies ” are accepted. At the June meeting much stress was laid upon the value of a good editorial page. It was demon¬ strated that subscribers approve of a paper that shows by the comments on the editorial page that there is some soul and some intellect back of the publication. It was stated, and undoubtedly with a great deal of truth, that “ the paper with a strong editorial page never has an empty bank account.” 572 THE INLAND PRINTER To Maintain Advertising Rates. — A strong set of resolutions was adopted by the Illinois Daily Newspaper Association and made an appendix to its constitution and by-laws. The resolutions refer to advertising and are believed to be the first taken by any similar organization in the United States. They demand absolute adherence to rates with no secret rebates, commissions, free space or any gratuities of any kind; extra charge for special position under all circumstances; designate railroad time-tables as advertising matter to be paid for; disapprove the practice of naming a competitor in making a comparison of the number of lines of advertising carried, etc., or publishing anything discourteous to competitors; declare that adver¬ tisers are entitled to a full knowledge regarding the circu¬ lation of all newspapers, how, when and where they are distributed. Many other features of the advertising busi¬ ness are covered in the resolutions, the whole tending to weld more strongly the bond of good fellowship fostered in all associations of editors and publishers. Open-space Contracts. — Every publisher has had ex¬ perience with the advertiser who will contract to use a large number of inches in a year in order to get a low rate for some special advertising he wants to run, and then for¬ get to use the balance of the space. Philip Ganz, publisher of the Macon (Mo.) Republican, in his address before the Missouri Press Association on “ Home Advertising,” sug¬ gests a plan to overcome this difficulty, which he has used successfully himself. Mr. Ganz has a rate of 13 4-5 cents an inch for 1,000 inches, to be used in a year, the adver¬ tiser having the privilege of using the space as he pleases. He divides this rate, where he has doubts about the adver¬ tiser using the full amount, as follows : First 50 inches at 20 cents. Next 50 inches at 18 cents. Next 100 inches at 16 cents. Next 200 inches at 14 cents. Next 600 inches at 12% cents. This schedule, as Mr. Ganz says, protects the seller of space, as the buyer pays a higher rate if he uses only a small amount of space, and the advertiser is encouraged to advertise more extensively, as the more space he uses the lower becomes his rate per inch. Weeped at. the Wrong Time. — Walt Rogers, lately proprietor and editor of the Chandler (Okla.) News, in announcing the sale of his interest and the merging of his paper into the Publicist, thus forming the Ne\ closes his valedictory thus : “ In the language < days we wish to add that, since coming to Chandle ‘ laughed where there was no mirth, weeped wh was no sorrow, the fruits of our labor were the Sodom, and had we continued longer our belly wi contained only wind.’ We tried to do busines square, but the effort seemed out of tune. We newspaper boys here success far more than they : have realized before.” Ad.-setting Contest No. 27. — For The Printer’s twenty-seventh ad.-setting contest selected an ad. that will give the contestants a for the display of their talents. In previous has been the custom to present the copy in a ] graph, leaving the compositors to select the lines for the display without any intimation as to the wishes of the advertiser. This time the ad. is reproduced just as it appeared in a Raleigh, North Carolina, paper, giving a little more of a foundation on which to build. Like many ads. from houses carrying largely diversified stocks this one has a long list of articles enumerated. Such ads puzzling, to say the least, and the compositors who can duce arrangements of this copy which will be entitle leading honors will be deserving of all praise. It wi noticed that the copy reproduced is much smaller thai original ad., but the reproduction shows the relative of display. The same rules which have so successfully erned previous contests will apply to this : BOYLAN- PEARCE CO. | BOYLAN- PEARCE CO. The Formal Opening Of The Spring Season Dry Goods, Millinery, Coat Suits, Car¬ pets. Mattings and House Furnishings The “First View” of the Paris Pattern Hats, New York Designs, Tailor-Made Hats and Our Own Creations BOYLAN -PEARCE COMPANY, >6 Fayetteville St., .... RALEIGH, N. C. stamps or coin should be enclosed in the p; and not sent in a letter; in fact, it is better letter at all. The will be followed : . mitted will be after the clos selves will acl which, in his receiving the largest number of points will be in The Inland Printer, and brief biographical ske them. Three points will be HiSrll THE INLAND PRINTER 573 first place, two points for each second choice, and one point for each third. Contestants should read the rules very carefully and see that each provision is fully complied with, as failure to meet the conditions may debar their work. Special care should be taken to have the size of the paper correct, as one ad. on paper too long or too wide would make every set inconvenient to handle, and any such will be thrown out. Particular note should also be made of the date of closing, as ads. received too late can not be accepted. Where a compositor enters two ads., each set of specimens should be wrapped separately and the two enclosed in one package. The Inland Printer is able to reproduce only a limited number of the ads. submitted, so that those who do not participate are missing much of the benefit to be derived from a study of the various styles of display in a and what body-type to set it in (a strenuous job), to give him an idea of emphasis and display accordingly, as well as justifying the ad., meantime explaining to him why he ought to use the various types. Now, when I give him copy to set, he goes at the work almost like a veteran, and I need answer very few questions. I don’t know if this is the best plan for instructing apprentices, but anyhow I feel much elated over the progress of this one. If you think his ads. and this plan of instruction are worth publishing, I would be pleased to have you do so for the benefit of others. I, for one, know by experience what discourage¬ ments there are for apprentices.” Mr. Grosskopf deserves much credit for devoting his time to the apprentice, as it is seldom he receives systematic, helpful advice. The whole secret of his success is in the fact that he always explained Secondhand .. Store .. 419 Howard Street Gas and Gasoline Ranges Roll Top Desks Cupboards and Bookcases Beds and Bedding Furniture ot All kinds G. E. HOLTS PET06KEY, MICH. No. 2. _ jjffc _ mMjiL Holiday Pastry Mince Fruit Pies Cake seasoned' Leaved made anywhere ' " ' dinner o/ weddings. Oyster Patties Model Bakery Set by sixteen-year-old apprentice. Good use of panels THOMAS FLYER NoteThese Specifications Price $ 3180.00 PIONEER AUTOMOBILE CO. No. 4. complete set. There will be two hundred sets of ads. and, should the number of contestants be unusually large, the sets will be given to the first two hundred who enter, so that the advisability of submitting specimens early is apparent. Teaching an Apprentice to Set Ads. — John B. Gross¬ kopf, of the Petoskey (Mich.) Record, and one of the win¬ ners in the last ad.-setting contest, sends several ads. set by an apprentice, sixteen years old, with but eighteen months’ experience. Two of the ads. are reproduced (Nos. 1 and 2). They show good judgment and the result of Mr. Grosskopf’s training, who writes interestingly of his work in that direction: “As you know, an apprentice in a coun¬ try newspaper office has about every sort of thing to do, and gets mighty little chance to devote himself to ad. and job composition. I have the newspaper in charge, so it has fallen to my lot to teach this boy as much of the trade as possible. It was a queer task for me at first, for it was my first experience along that line, but I hit upon an idea — all my own, I think — -to teach the youngster to set ads., not knowing how successful I would be. Up to about six months ago I would have him set up an ad., one or two a month, but I would designate each line of type to be used to the boy why he should use certain sizes and faces of type. To simply give instructions without reasons is to get him in the habit of believing that he can depend upon some one else to do his thinking for him. If the apprentice really cares to learn, the instruction given by Mr. Grosskopf is sure to be rewarded by the production of a really intelli¬ gent printer. Newspaper Enterprise Builds Nurses’ Home. — Scott Laird, manager of the Winona (Minn.) Republican-Herald, recently offered the Winona General Hospital all the pro¬ ceeds of a day’s edition of his paper. The Hospital Asso¬ ciation immediately got busy soliciting advertising. They made a rate of 50 cents an inch, expecting to clear about $1,000. Much to their surprise, after seeing two or three merchants, they found a very charitable citizen who offered to double all that they could secure in the way of adver¬ tising. This added zeal to the proposition and they imme¬ diately redoubled their efforts, and when the time arrived for closing the forms they had over $3,600 worth of adver¬ tising. The double of this amount gave them $7,200, to which were added several special donations, bringing the total sum up to $8,500, which is to be expended for a nurses’ home. The edition cost the Republican-Herald 574 THE INLAND PRINTER about $400, but they feel well repaid, as the building will be a lasting advertisement for the paper. Newspaper Criticisms. — The following papers were received, together with requests for criticism, and brief suggestions are made for their improvement: Belleville (Wis.) Recorder.- — There is too much margin at the top of your first page and a little more ink would improve your paper greatly. Franklin (Ohio) News. — Solid ten-point does not make a very handsome body letter, but it is nicely handled in your paper. The whole arrange¬ ment is commendable. Independent Republican, Montrose, Pennsylvania. — It is seldom that a paper is received having so much news crowded into eight seven-column pages. There are too many heads the same size at the top of the first page, and these should not be run side by side. Lanston (N. D.) Journal, Overly (N. D.) Tribune, Eekman (N. D.) .Press. — These three papers are all issued from one ofliee, the entire editorial and mechanical work being done by two men. Each is a six-column quarto, and all follow the same style of heads and make-up, a very effective first page being procured by using a double-column display head at the top of the two center columns, with single-column heads in the first and sixth columns. The running of a line above the title is not desirable and should be abandoned. Aside from this the entire work is commendable. Attracting the Attention of Advertisers. — The Hannibal (Mo.) Courier-Post is using a novel idea to attract the attention of prospective advertisers. It is ire the form of a legal petition, citing each individual mer¬ chant to appear as defendant in a case on appeal from the “ Court of General Depression.” A half-tone of the sum¬ mons is shown herewith, together with the inscription on the outside of the document, which gives it rather a star¬ tling aspect of genuine legal procedings. While adver¬ tising of this kind may not result in direct orders, still it accomplishes its purpose of bringing the message of the paper to the attention of the advertiser in an effective manner. Students at the Technical High School, Cleveland, Ohio, have started the publication of a new monthly with a most peculiar title, The Scarab. It is explained that the scarab is an Egyptian beetle, worshiped as a symbol of immortality. Progress Edition. — Steamboat Springs, Colorado, is a town of but one thousand people, yet not too small for a “ Progress Edition ” of thirty-six six-column pages. The Steamboat Pilot claims that its big edition is the largest special number ever issued by any weekly newspaper in Colorado, two tons of paper being used in its production. The typographical arrangement was particularly pleasing, and some of the features will be of interest to other pub¬ lishers having similar plans in mind: The four outside pages were set in the usual thirteen-em columns, but the remaining thirty-two inside pages were broken into five columns each, each surrounded by a one-point rule, the reading matter being set in ten-point; the columns were fifteen ems wide and no column-rules were used; the head¬ ings were all set in boxes, most of them full page in width, and the ads. were set in a corresponding style; one-point rule was used around all headings and ads., all of the dis¬ play in both being Clearface Bold. In publishing special editions it is just as easy to get up something attractitve as it is to give the work the appearance of being thrown together. This number was one which would be admired by any printer, yet all of the ads. were set in a simple style and one which would consume the least possible time. Pos¬ sibly Editor Charles H. Leckenby may have a few extra copies of the edition which he would send to interested THE INLAND PRINTER 575 publishers, if 10 cents in stamps were sent with each request. Good Ad. Display. — Among the many ads. received this month was a package of very good specimens from Frank D. Starr, of the Watsonville (Cal.) Register, two of which Fancy Traveling Parasols Goods No. 5. No. 6. Effective handling of the section of a page ad. are reproduced (Nos. 3, 4). Mr. Starr’s work is an exem¬ plification of effective panels and striking contrast in dis¬ play. No. 3 goes to excess in the use of large type for the principal display, but it is better to err in this direction than in the opposite extreme. No. 4 shows good use of a trade-mark, and both ads. demonstrate the advisability of using but one style of type in a single ad. Nos. 5 and 6 are double-column sections from a full-page ad. set by Otto Vasgerall, of the Denison (Iowa) Review, showing a pleas¬ ing way of setting the headings for the several divisions of such an ad. Ernest Tomowske, of the Spokane (Wash.) Spokesman-Review, a few of whose ads. were criticized in By REX BEACH Unusual heading arrangement. March, sends some very nice specimens of his work, among them being “ The Barrier,” an unusual arrangement for a full-page heading. Brief suggestions are made for improv¬ ing the work of other compositors : W. W. Drummond, Odessa (Wis.) Democrat. — Your work shows excel¬ lent ideas ; the one point where improvement could be made is in the use of a little larger type for the principal display lines. Charles W. Edwards, Pacific Goldsmith, San Francisco, California. — Some of your ads. lack contrast and others would be improved by the use of a few panels or breaking up with rules or dashes. Will Dockery, Cceur d’Alene (Idaho) Journal. — You certainly got up a fine page ad. and the many panels added materially to its effectiveness. KEEP STILL. Keep still. When trouble is brewing, keep still. When slander is getting on its legs, keep still. When your feelings are hurt, keep still — till you recover from your excitement, at any rate. Things look different through an unagitated eye. In a commotion, once, I wrote a letter and sent it, and wished I had not. In my later years I had another commotion, and wrote a long let¬ ter; but life rubbed a little sense into me and I kept that letter in my pocket against the day when I' could look it over without agitation and without tears. I was glad I did. Less and less it seemed necessary to send it. I was not sure it would do any hurt, but, in my doubtfulness, I leaned to reticence, and eventually it was destroyed. Time works wonders. Wait till you can speak calmly, and then you will not need to speak, maybe. Silence is the most massive thing conceivable, sometimes. It is strength in very gran¬ deur. — Dr. Burton. EDITORIAL ASSOCIATION’S CONVENTION AT SEATTLE. Usually the National Editorial Association selects an attractive place for its meetings and sees that its members are provided with enjoyment en route. The program arranged for this year is no exception to the rule. The meeting will be held in the center of the year’s greatest attraction — the Fine Arts Building of the Alaska- Yukon- Pacific Exposition. At this writing details of the itinerary of the return trip have not been announced, but it is pro¬ posed that the official party reach Chicago via the Great Northern and the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railways. Some delegates are expected to take advantage of a special twenty-day trip to Alaska, and others will view the beau¬ ties of Yellowstone Park en route home. But the outgoing arrangements are made to the last dot. The rendezvous will be at Chicago, with headquarters at the Sherman House. On Wednesday, July 14, at 2 p.m., members and their friends will start from there on an auto and tallyho drive through the parks and boulevards, after which a course dinner will be partaken of at the White City, one of the Windy City’s great amusement parks, which will be enjoyed till 9:30, when the party will leave for the Sherman House previous to taking the special train of Pullmans at 10:45 at the Union Depot for the trip west over the Burlington. On the following day, Thursday, din¬ ner will be taken at Council Bluffs and Omaha, where dele¬ gations from Minnesota, South Dakota, Iowa, Kansas, Mis¬ souri and other central and southern States will join the party. After a ride around the cities, Omaha will be left behind at 2:25 p.m. and Lincoln reached at 4. Three hours will be spent in viewing the city and visiting the home of William Jennings Bryan, where refreshments will be served, starting west at 7 p.m. At 5:35 a.m. on Friday the travelers will meet the delegates from Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas and Colorado, and at 7:15 P.M. of the same day be joined by those from Montana, North Dakota, northern Minnesota and northern Wisconsin at Billings. On Sat¬ urday at 5 p.m. the party will reach Spokane, and be taken sightseeing and feted till its departure at midnight. Sun¬ day morning will see the tourists at North Yakima, where they will tarry for an hour or so and move on to Seattle, which will be reached at 5 p.m. of the same day. Monday, July 19, the convention will get down to busi¬ ness — and lots of it — according to the following official program : 10 to 10:30 a.m. Band concert by Administration band ; 10:30 to 12, opening session, invocation, president’s annual address, reports of officers and committees, announcements. 2 to 4 p.m. Addresses of welcome by Hon. E. M. Hay, Governor of Washington; Hon. John F. Miller, mayor of Seattle; Hon. J. E. Chilberg, president Alaska-Yukon- Pacific Exposition; Kenneth C. Beaton, president Seattle Press Club. Responses by Hon. B. B. Herbert, National Printer-Journalist, Chicago; Hon. P. V. Collins, North¬ western Agriculturist, Minneapolis; Governor A. B. White, Charleston, West Virginia. 4 to 6. Automobile ride about the city. 8 to 11. Theater entertainment. Tuesday, 20. 10 a.m. to 12 M. Appointment of Committees; Ad¬ dresses — “Seeing Things in the West,” Edith Tozier Weatherred, Western Tours, Seattle; “Individuality in Newspaper Work,” Henry J. Allen, Beacon, Wichita, Kan¬ sas; “ Telegraph Service for Small Dailies,” Lon F. Chapin, News, Pasadena, California; “ Gathering News 576 THE INLAND PRINTER on Country Dailies,” G. W. Ridgway, Express, Kirksville, Missouri. 1 to 6. Viewing the exposition. 6 to 8. Dinner at exposition grounds. 8 to 11. Visiting attractions on “ Pay Streak.” Wednesday, 21. 10 a.m. to 12 m. Addresses — “Editing the Small Country Weekly,” Miss Caroline A. Huling, Bookseller, Chicago; “The Newspaper as a Factor in Town Promo¬ tion,” Frank D. Throop, Journal, Muscatine, Iowa; “Uni¬ versity Training for Journalists,” Prof. Merle Thorp, Uni¬ versity of Washington, Seattle; “ Relation of the Country Paper to the Metropolitan Daily,” Leon Westmoreland, Democrat, Greenwood, Arkansas; “Journalists and Com¬ mon Newspaper Men,” T. A. McNeal, Capital, Topeka, Kansas. 2 to 6.. Boat ride to Navy Yard and inspection. 8 to 11. Reception and entertainment at Hotel Wash¬ ington. Thursday, 22. 10 a.m. to 12 m. Addresses — “ Starting a Daily Paper in a Small Town,” Miss Goldie Perry, Sun-Sentinel, Win¬ chester, Kentucky; “ Handling Circulation of a Daily Paper,” R. P. Habgood, Star, Bradford, Pennsylvania; “ Handling Circulation of a Weekly Paper,” Edwin C. Funk, Democrat, Rogers, Arkansas ; “ Developing Adver¬ tising Business on a Small City Daily,” Carl Roe, Union- Statesman, Walla Walla, Washington. 2 to 5. Closing session. Addresses — “ Stopping the Leaks,” H. G. Taylor, Nonpareil, Central City, Nebraska; “ Foreign Advertising,” W. L. Tobey, Republican, Hamil¬ ton, Ohio; “ Profitable Side Lines for Newspaper People,” Omar D. Gray, Leader, Sturgeon, Missouri; “Profitable Recreation for Newspaper Workers,” Will G. Steel, Steel Points, Portland, Oregon; election of officers; reports of committees; adjournment. 8 to 11. Seattle Press Club smoker. Friday, 23. 9 a.m. Take steamer for Tacoma; automobile ride about city; luncheon at Point Defiance Park; ride on rail¬ road toward Paradise Valley to view glaciers, mountains, canons, waterfalls and forests; dinner at Tacoma and return to Seattle in evening. Saturday, 24. 9 a.m. Take steamer for Victoria; automobile ride about this quaint English city; dinner and arrive at Seat¬ tle about 10 p.m. 10 a.m. Parties for Alaska trip take steamer North¬ western of Alaska Steamship Company, for eighteen or twenty day trip to southeastern and southwestern Alaska. WHY, MARY! “ Now remember, Mary,” the teacher said just before the school exercises, “ if you forget some of the words when you are singing your song, don’t stop. Keep right on. Say tum-tum-tummy-tum or something like that, and the words will come back to you and nobody will know the difference. Now don’t forget.” On exhibition day little Mary edified her audience with something like this : Around her tummy-tum-tum.” — Everybody's. PROMOTED TO MAKE-UP. The keen wit of an Irish printer from Kentucky con¬ fined at the Marion county workhouse gained for him the admiration of Mayor Bookwalter and, incidentally, his release from that institution. The printer went to the workhouse in an automobile patrol wagon, but he left it in an automobile touring car with the mayor as a companion. It will be remembered that the mayor was formerly a printer, and that he still carries a card. Hence, printers in trouble give him the high sign of distress, and profit thereby. The “ high sign ” from the man in the workhouse did not go to the mayor direct, but through a mutual “ print ” friend. The letter that led to the printer’s release was written to a fellow-printer, who in turn gave it to the mayor, and was dated at the workhouse. “ For the love of heaven, send or bring me some plug tobacco,” wrote the printer, “ and some stamped envelopes. I have a little money, but want to save it to get away with when my 110 days are up at this Hotel d’lndustrie. Must have accumulated an elegant stand of refreshments after I left you, as, after a twenty-four hour nap at the police station, I awakened to a charge of pulling a gun on a man. “ I remember the gun all right, but nothing at all about the mixup. Don’t say anything to the boys, as I don’t care to be ‘ kidded ’ the rest of my life. I have adapted myself to circumstances and have already learned to walk like a duck and eat like that barnyard quadruped which ‘ divideth the hoof, but cheweth not the cud.’ Am now a full-fledged member of the Rock Pickers’ Bangfest. “ If you come out, come direct to the building; don’t go around by the police station, and come in the wagon — that’s the way I got in bad. “ This is my first experience in this line and I must say it is not exactly the sort of recreation I would have chosen for my declining years. Also, I don’t like to stay in my apartment quite so close. The life here is very simple; get up at 6 a.m. and go to bed at 6 p.m. Meals are served en famille in a large salle a manger, with attentive young men, armed with clubs, stationed about to see that none of the guests is dissatisfied. We are allowed to write twice a month and to receive reproachful friends on the first Wednesday in each month. “ Well, I’m here and going to make the best of it, but when I get out Indiana will be a mere speck on the horizon in about two blinks. If you have any magazines of a vintage later than 1492, they would be like manna in the desert. Thanking you for past favors and heaping bless¬ ings on your head for those I am hereby trying to work you for, I am, yours, Terry.” The mayor inclosed the letter with a note to Judge Whallon, saying that he was satisfied that a man with so much humor in his make-up as the printer seemed to have, was incapable, when in his right mind, of harboring designs against the life of any one. The judge’s answer came back in the way of a release written on the back of the envelope. The mayor called an automobile and hurried to the workhouse. There he found the printer placing dishes on the table in the dining-room. “Hello,” said the mayor, in surprise; “I thought you said you were on the rock pile? ” “ There has been a promotion in the office,” said the “ print.” . “ I’m on the make-up now.” Then the mayor brought the printer to town in an auto¬ mobile and in a little more than “ two blinks ” that worthy was on a train, bound for his old Kentucky home, where “ guns ” may be carried with impunity. — Indianapolis News. THE INLAND PRINTER 577 Written for The Inland Printer. DEFINITE PLANS FOR INCREASING CIRCULATION. NO. IV. - BT 0. F. BYXBEB. SECURING SUBSCRIBERS THROUGH CONTESTS. MJB^EWSPAPERS naturally prefer to get subscrib- ers exclusively on the merits of the paper, without the use of premiums or other outside inducements. Contests in which the extra inducement goes to the person securing the subscription, rather than to the subscriber, comes as near as possible to accomplishing this purpose. It is extremely difficult to find a plan that will not react disastrously, either through the ultimate loss of the greater portion of new names secured or through the sacrifice of the dignity of the paper in securing them. The contest plan is one which has stood the test of repeated trials and has become so popular that several com¬ panies have been organized which make a business of conducting the contests on a percentage basis. One of the first papers to promote a feature of this kind was the Scranton (Pa.) Tribune. It conceived the idea of conducting an “ Edu¬ cational Contest,” so termed because the contestants were striving to secure educations (and incidentally subscrip¬ tions) . The results were so gratifying that the plan was repeated the two following years with but very little change. In the first contest there were ten rewards, five of which were scholarships and five articles of mer¬ chandise, ranging in value from a $375 piano to a $30 gold watch. From the selec¬ tions made by the successful participants it was evident that these latter premiums were not sought after, but that the young people were all striving for educations, so that the following two years scholarships alone were offered. In the second contest eight scholarships were awarded. At the head of the list were two of equal value — four-year courses at Lafayette College and Swarthmore College, each worth $1,000 and including every item of expense, except¬ ing meals, for the full four years. Next was a scholarship covering three years in a State normal school, valued at $675, and covering all expenses — tuition, room, meals, light, heat, laundry and books. The remaining five schol¬ arships were in local business colleges and musical con¬ servatories, aggregating $375, and making the total value of the rewards offered over $3,600. In addition to these rewards, all contestants failing to finish above eighth place were paid ten per cent of all the money collected for the paper. This second contest pi’oved so successful that a third was conducted, in which were awarded thirty schol¬ arships, valued at $9,000. 4-7 Contestants were secured from the young men and women of the city and surrounding towns, who were required to canvass for subscriptions to the Tribune, all of which must be paid in advance before credit was given. Subscriptions were received for one month or any number of months, but all must be from persons whose names were not on the books of the paper when the contest opened, the contestants being credited with one point for each month paid; thus, a subscription for one year counted twelve points, while one for three months brought but three points. The greatest task in connection with a plan of this kind is to arouse the interest of the contestants and the public. After this has been done, ordinary attention to details is practically all that is necessary, aside from enthusiastic daily reports in the paper, giving the standing of con¬ testants from day to day. There is a large amount of detail to be attended to before the contest is opened. Contracts must be made for the scholarships, rules de¬ cided upon, circulars printed and blanks for receiving sub¬ scriptions prepared. There must also be arrangements made for keeping an accu¬ rate record of subscriber, contestant and points. As to the preparation of these de¬ tails, and the general work¬ ing out of the plan, prob¬ ably no better course could be adopted than that which has been tried and proved successful. The Tribune in sixteen weeks added a very large number of new, paid- in-advance subscribers to its list, and received several thousand dollars in cash, to say nothing of the amount of money that was paid later by many of these new subscrib¬ ers, eighty per cent of whom were retained on the books. The first necessary step was the securing of scholar¬ ships. These, in most cases, were obtained in exchange for advertising, although a few hundred dollars in cash was necessary to secure the larger ones. This work can not be done hurriedly, from one to two months being necessary to get the most favorable contracts signed. There must be lengthy correspondence, personal interviews, and, fre¬ quently, the paper is obliged to wait the result of a refer¬ ence to some committee or board. After contracts have been signed, preliminary announce¬ ment should be made, giving the scholarships and their value, the rules of the contest, and setting a date for the formal opening, about ten days or two weeks in the future. It is a good plan to get the endorsement of local clergymen arid other influential men, as to the educational oppoi’- tunity offered the young people. These should be published and featured. Both before announcement is made, and during the interim between that date and that of the formal opening, correspondents, school principals and teachers, and clergymen, both in your own and surrounding towns, should be visited, the plan explained and lists of names of f~\TTBK it docs seem such a pity that VKoah and his party did not miss the boat UVLxrk ^Twairo 578 THE INLAND PRINTER young people of their acquaintance secured, to whom cir¬ cular ietters are to be addressed. When it is possible, it is an excellent plan to secure the names of high-school junior and senior classes, particularly the latter, as many of these will be looking forward to college courses. The Tribune used the following letter to reach and interest the young people whose names were secured from these source's: Dear Friend, — Your name has been given us as one who is enterprising and ambitious, and we take the privilege of addressing you regarding our educational contest. We enclose a full description of the plan and wish to call your attention particularly to the very liberal special rewards offered for the labor of a few weeks. We believe it will pay you to enter the con¬ test and do what you can. It may be that only a few points may he necessary to secure one of the best scholarships, hut, in any event, you will he paid for your efforts, as you will note by reading the accompanying circulars. Call at the Tribune office, or write to us and we will send you one of the little books of sub¬ scription blanks, so that you can start right in. Go among your friends and acquaintances — many of them will add the Tribune to the publications they are receiving if you explain to them why you are canvassing for it and the reward you seek to obtain. But do not confine your work to acquaintances — any fair-minded person will appreciate honest effort. We shall be pleased to aid you in any way and will promptly answer inquiries by mail if you will address a letter to “ Editor Educational Con¬ test.” Kindly let us know what you think of the plan. Yours very truly, The Tribune Publishins Company. Enclosed with this was a sixteen-page pamphlet, giving a full description of the contest and its rules (reprinted from the announcement in the paper) , and under separate cover a larger booklet, describing and illustrating with fine half-tones the various scholarships offered. If the first letter failed to bring a response others were sent, and this system was kept up long after the contest was under way. One of these letters read as follows : Dear Friend, — We have been endeavoring to interest you in the Trib¬ une’s Educational Contest, hut have not as yet had the pleasure of enrolling your name among those who desire to secure one of the many valuable scholarships offered. The Tribune has decided to make this its last Educational Contest, and it is safe to say that an offer of this magnitude will never again be made. It is true that many of the most' successful contestants in past years did not enter until after the contest was half over, but it will be readily seen that those who start early have a distinct advantage. We hope you will sign the enclosed slip and send it to the Contest Edi¬ tor at once, and he will send you an outfit promptly. The Tribune Publishins Company. P. S. — • We have not as yet had any entries from your, town — at least we have received no points — and you have an exceptional opportunity. The last three years the largest number of successful contestants were located outside of Scranton. Scholarships were secured last year by young people residing in Carbondale (2), Elmhurst (2), Vandling, Harford, . Moscow, Chinchilla, ICizers, Green Grove, Factoryville, Thompson, Hallstead, Price- burg, Brooklyn and Forest City. The strong feature of this letter was in the postscript, which, of course, could not be used only where a previous contest had been conducted. This postscript was added to all letters to young people residing outside the home town, except those living where there were active contestants. The final appeal was signed by the “ Contest Editor,” and demonstrated how even the contestant who entered late had a good chance of winning : Dear Friend,- — I have been endeavoring to interest you in the Tribune’s Educational Contest, and have been sending you copies of the paper from time to time, containing descriptions of some of the educational institutions in which scholarships are offered, hoping that you would see the advantage to you of entering the contest. The book which is handed you herewith shows the attractiveness of the universities, colleges, .etc., and it is safe to assert that no offer equal to this will ever again come to you. Just think for a moment of the possibility of securing an education for the work that can be done in even the few weeks that remain. You may consider that it is too late to take up the work, but I want to show you what an easy thing it would be for you, if you have only a little push and perseverance to secure one of these valuable scholarships. There are still seven weeks of the contest — forty-two working days. An average of only three points a day would make a total of 126 points, which would be good for about twenty-fourth place to-day, and unless some of the much lower than that at the close. Isn’t it remarkable how few boys and girls have a real desire to help themselves and have ambition and stick-to-it-iveness enough to gain that desire ? I hope you are one of the few with real pluck. If you j are you will win out and I will do all I can to help you. I enclose a mailing card, and if you will put your name and address on the back, a one-cent stamp on the front, and drop it in the postoffice, I will send you a contestant’s equipment and full instructions by return mail. Within a week or two you will be among the thirty leaders. With best wishes for your success, I am, Cordially yours, E. L. Hatfield, Contest Editor. Next month will be given the rules of the contest, sam¬ ples of the blanks used, and a description of how the records were kept. PROPOSED MASS CONVENTION OF EMPLOYING PRINTERS. The holding of a mass convention of employing printers was the principal topic of discussion at the quarterly meet¬ ing of the Printers’ League, which was held at the Union Square Hotel, New York, on June 8. It is proposed to hold a convention in September, to which shall be invited every man in the United States who is interested in the printing and kindred industries. The league’s idea is now well known, and those who attend are to be asked to express themselves frankly for or against its feasibility. If the consensus of opinion is in favor of the league’s plan, then all are to be asked to join in one strongly knit organization to insist on the acceptance by the entire trade of the league’s plan. If it is decided that the league’s method is too far in advance of the times, then suggestions are to be called for in the nature of modifications, and members for the national association are to be sought at this convention. A contract between the Allied Printing Trades Coun¬ cil, which represents the various branches of the printing trade, was put before the meeting, and it was generally contended that the council made no effort to be liberal in its dealings with the employers, but rather took the attitude that it had a favor to confer, and those employers who desired to use the label would have to do so at the council’s dictation, and in that way only. In the opinion of a member of the league, this is a most peculiar attitude for a labor organization to assume when one considers “ that the label is a right accorded by law to designate the product of union labor and is not and can not be considered a privilege granted by the council. Follow¬ ing its general principle, the league will not undertake to coerce or brow-beat the council,” said this member, “ and if it can not see the eri’or of its assumption the league can but be sorry and then devise a remedy which may prove acceptable to the printing fraternity and the courts.” The league has a committee investigating the rates charged for power and light by the New York Edison Com¬ pany. It is reported that the company had such a poor opinion of the trade that it was put in the weekly payment class. After getting all the necessary information from league plants, the committee will take up the whole matter with the lighting company, in the hope of securing better terms after the company is made acquainted with the needs of the trade. An exchange speaks of an accident in which “ none of the fatalities were serious.” Are we to take this seriously? — Advertisers’ Magazine. THE INLAND PRINTER 579 Queries regarding process engraving, and suggestions and experiences of engravers and printers are solicited for this de¬ partment. Our technical research laboratory is prepared to inves¬ tigate and report on matters submitted. For terms for this service address The Inland Printer Company, To Turn Dry-plate Negatives.— R. P. Griscom, Brook¬ lyn, writes : “ I am trying to turn dry-plate negatives for photogelatin printing. Can you give me a good quick formula, that is, one that will turn freshly developed plates? I can turn old developed ones, but the new ones are too soft. I am a constant reader of The Inland Printer.” Answer. — Soak your freshly developed plates in a weak solution of formaldehyde until the gelatin film has become hardened through. This can be learned by trials. Then use a hydro¬ fluoric acid treatment to release the film from the glass. Galvanoplasty. — “ Printing Company,” Toledo, Ohio, asks : “ The writer read something about a process of duplicating plates abroad called ‘ Galvanoplasty.’ The arti¬ cle stated that very little paraphernalia was required and the results were more accurate than electrotyping. What can you tell us about this process? ” Answer. — There is no process for duplicating engraved surfaces more accu¬ rate than electrotyping. The lead process, by which a sheet of lead is used instead of wax is said to be an improve¬ ment. It originated in Germany and in translating refer¬ ences to this process from German into English they some¬ times call it “ Galvanoplasty,” which may account for your being misled by the name. Aquatint Grain. — Augustus Vandevyde, New York, asks : “ Could you tell me, a constant reader, how the beau¬ tiful aquatint grain on old engravings was made? Is it a lost secret? Could it be done to-day? ” Answer. — Cer¬ tainly, it could be done to-day if there were a demand for it. It was usually made by dissolving resin in alcohol and flow¬ ing this over the copper plate. This method has been prac¬ ticed by the writer. When the alcohol evaporates it leaves the resin in fine grains all over the surface. Heating the plate slightly secures the grain firmly to the plate. Another way was to lay a wax ground on the plate and while it was soft dust over it fine table salt, which sank into the wax. When the plate was placed in the acid the salt dissolved away, leaving “ punctures ” in the wax resist. Still a more delicate way was to oil the surface of the plate and sift powdered sulphur over it. The grains of sulphur etched the copper enough to show a grain in printing. Double Printing of Line and Half-tone. — J. W. Rose, Rochester, New York, encloses some clippings from magazines of half-tone advertisements, showing an auto¬ mobile in half-tone and lettering indicating improvements or parts of the mechanism in line, and is puzzled as to how it is done. Answer. — One practical way of doing this work is to stretch over the wash drawing, or touched-up photo¬ graph, of the automobile a piece of tracing-paper and put on this the lettering just as you want it to appear on the finished half-tone. If you put registry points on the pho¬ tograph and copy them on the tracing-paper, so much the better. Now make a half-tone negative from the photo¬ graph and a line negative from the tracing, keeping the camera in the same focus for both negatives. Print the half-tone first on the metal. Mark with ink the registry point on the metal, register the line negative upon the metal and print it, etch the plate and there you are, a com¬ bination line and half-tone. Comparative Output of Wet and Dry Plate Nega¬ tives. — The following query was sent to Process Work : “ What is the best average output per working day of ten hours for a wet-plate half-tone operator and similarly for a dry-plate operator? ” Five answers received prizes, though no two of them agree as to the output. Ten to twelve wet- plate negatives to twenty dry-plate negatives is the lowest estimate, while fifteen negatives for the wet-plate operator to twenty-four negatives for the dry-plate operator is the highest. All agree that ten hours is too long a day for a photographer to put in at the work. One holds that the difference in the output depends on the size of the work. With small work a number of dry plates can be developed in a large tray at one time, while if the work is large the dry plate is the quickest. The time that is gained in not having to prepare the sensitive plate when using the dry plate and in the time of exposure, which is usually shorter in the case of the dry plate, is lost in the additional time required in washing and drying the gelatin film. One operator who has worked both methods says that when one considers the defects in the dry plate compared with the wet plate the speed of the dry plate is overbalanced. He prefers the wet plate for rush work and all good work. Blue-prints for Colorwork. — Knox Illustrating Syn¬ dicate, Newark, New Jersey, asks: “We are about to glue paper on to sheets of zinc, on which we are going to make blue-prints from key-plate negatives and then work the blue-prints up with pencil, crayon and wash as well as white, so as to make color-plates that will be exactly in register, trusting, of course, that the blue-print will not photograph. We wish you would favor us with the solution to brush on the paper that will give us a blue that will not photograph.” Answer. — It would be well that the paper that you glue down to the zinc had a little size in it to keep the print on the surface of the paper. The addition of the gum arabic in the formula below is to prevent the print from sinking into the paper. The two names for the salts are also given so that your chemist will be sure to supply the right chem¬ icals. A. Potassium ferncyamde . \ 40 ing. Potassium ferridcyanide . J Water . 1 ounce. B. Ammonia citrate of iron . 1 110 "rains Ferric ammonium citrate (green) . / °r ln • Gum arabic . 10 grains. Water . 1 ounce.. Keep these solutions separate until you want to use them; then mix in equal parts in a saucer and brush over the paper in one direction and then in the other, being sure that the paper is completely covered. Dry quickly in a darkroom. After printing, wash under the tap, when the print should turn a deep blue. If overprinted, reduce the color by washing in a week alkali like ammonia water or carbonate of soda water. To stop the reducing action of the alkali, wash with a weak acetic-acid solution. Etching Counters from Type-design. — “ Photoen¬ graver,” Montreal, writes : “ I have a customer who wants me to make counters from type-designs for embossing sta¬ tionery. He wants them in metal for printing on paper in some special way of his own. The counter must be a trifle 580 THE INLAND PRINTER larger than the type, so that the face of the type will just fit in it. Also the edges of the counter must not be so sharp as to cut the paper and, above all things, my work must be done cheap, as there is a lot of it to do if I can but do it cheaply.” Answer. — Pull proofs of the type-designs with ink mixed with a trifle of varnish. While the proofs are fresh, dust with lampblack, graphite, or any opaque pow¬ der. Print from these, in reverse, on zinc in the usual man¬ ner, using either enamel or the albumen method. Etch them intaglio without protecting the sides of the metal and you can get them of any width you want for the type to enter. After etching and cleaning off the zinc, brush it with coarse emery and a stiff brush until the sharp edges of the zinc are removed. By this method you get the counter to register absolutely with the type die. Panchromatic Collodion Emulsion. — J. E. S., Bos¬ ton, writes : “ I have followed with great interest, I assure you, the advice you have given from time to time about the making of col¬ lodion emulsion for three-color work. I have tried homocol, pinacynol and the various sensitizers you have recom¬ mended and want to write for the bene¬ fit of those who are working in the same line as myself — color-record negative making — that my best collo¬ dion emulsion is sensitized with pina- verdol and ethyl violet, as described in your journal on page 698, for August, 1904. I first make up separate stock solutions of the two dyes in absolute alcohol; this keeps well in the dark¬ room. The alcohol is heated before add¬ ing twelve grains of the dye to twenty- five ounces of the alcohol. Then I sensi¬ tize ten ounces of collodion by adding to it 176 minims of the pinaverdol stock solution and forty-two minims of the ethyl-violet stock solution. The glass plate is coated in a faint red light and the excess of dye washed away; then the plate is dipped in a two-grain-to- the-ounce silver bath for two or three minutes. The plate is then drained and exposed while wet. With good strong filters this plate is panchromatic, that is, it is, with sufficient exposure, as sen¬ sitive to red as it is to yellow and blue.” The thanks of The Inland Printer “ the litt are due to “ J. E. S.” for his willingness to give others the benefit of his very interesting experience. The Four-color Process. — T. W. Foley, New York, complains : “ The use of the term ‘ four-color ’ for a process which is usually three colors with a black key-plate, seems to me to be wrong. We printers speak of a job of that kind as three colors and a black, or four printings. I don’t say that your publication makes that mistake, but I think that you should correct the error, which is quite common among engravers, who talk to their customers about four-color work, when it is in reality three colors with a black or dark- brown key-plate.” Answer. — Mr. Foley is right in object¬ ing to the misuse of the term four colors when one of the plates is to print in black. He probably does not know that some of the work labeled four-color printing is really in four colors. There are now several photo processes for printing in four colors. One was proposed by Zander, another by Hering and later one by Woodiwiss. The last is a different combination from either of the others. With Woodiwiss the four colors are those of the three-color, but with the magenta color split in two, neutral red and neutral violet, thereby allowing the yellow and the blue to be selected for the production of a more brilliant green. By the employment of these four colors with their short absorp¬ tion bands, Mr. Woodiwiss claims unique blends may be made that are attainable by no other known method. Cements for Processworkers. — R. W. Brown, Cin¬ cinnati, asks : “ What has The Inland Printer to offer in the way of a glue to repair breakages in a photoengraver’s shop? I want a cement that will stand acid if necessary. At present we use the processman’s standby, Le Page’s glue, but it will not stand water even wjien used to repair graduates or trays.” Answer. — Le Page’s glue would withstand water if you would use it only after it is sensi¬ tized with bichromate^ and allow the glass vessel repaired with it to stand in the sunlight until the glue becomes waterproof. A good cement for rubber trays is made of shellac to which has been added gutta-percha dissolved in bisulphid of carbon. The proportions are : A pound of brown shellac in a pint of alcohol, to which has been added one and one-half ounces of a thick solution of gutta-percha in bisulphid of carbon. A cement that comes well recommended for repairing almost anything that a processman uses is made of litharge and glycerin. Litharge is an oxid of lead and is sometimes called massicot. The litharge must be added to the glycerin until it makes an emulsion about like collodion emulsion. It can be applied to almost any surface and when the broken parts are pressed together and thor¬ oughly hardened will stand water, acid or heat. This cement will also repair iron or wood, the only difference being that the amount of glycerin should be lessened, leaving the cement the con¬ sistency of putty. GETTING THERE. Achievement is a simple stunt when you stop and think it over. There are only four steps in achievement : 4. FINISH. 3. stick. 2. START. 1. DECIDE. Too many people are content to take the first two steps and then start off in another direction, so that they never arrive anywhere. Such people have courage and initiative, but lack perseverance and concentration. It seems to be all a matter of habit. Dreaming is a delightful pastime, but a poor vocation. Imagination is the foundation of all progress, but the superstructure is built of solid stuff, like pure grit and hard work. In the building of a life, nature seems to enforce ordi¬ nances to the effect that man is his own contractor, his own foreman, his own workman. Union rules do not apply; he is on the job twenty-four hours per day and seven days per week. Raw material seems to lie around in abundance; plans and specifications are freely offered in the market. But, my boy, if your structure ever rises above the dead- level of the surrounding earth, THE STUNT IS UP TO YOU. — George Landis Wilson, in Business Philosopher. THE INLAND PRINTER 581 ELECTROTYPING STEREOTYPING BY C. S. PARTRIDGE. Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from electrotypers, stereotypers and others. Individual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Inquiries will receive prompt attention. Differences of opinion regarding answers given by the editor will receive respectful con¬ sideration. Address, The Inland Printer Company, Chicago. Removing Zinc from Stereo Metal (480). — “ Is there any way that I can remove zinc from my stereo metal? I have spoiled a whole potful.” T. B. Look, Portland, Maine, is the authority for the following method of overcom¬ ing your trouble. Heat the metal very hot and allow the zinc (which is lightest) to come to the top as much as possible; then throw on with a scattering motion, so as to cover as much of the surface as possible, a mixture of three parts of sulphur to one part powdered resin. Now burn off and skim thoroughly. Repeat and add a small quantity of antimony to the metal. Depositing Nickel on Wax Mold (479) . — B. F., Mem¬ phis, Tennessee, writes : “ I find that in depositing nickel on a wax mold the shell is not evenly deposited. It seems to require considerable time to cover the lower portion of the case and in the meantime the shell is getting thick at the top. Can you let me know how to overcome this? ” Answer. — Extend a loop of wire entirely around the mold, sinking it into the wax and leaving it long enough so that the ends may be bent into hooks for suspending the case in the bath. Deposition will now begin on all four sides at once, instead of beginning at the top and working down. By using this method the mold ought to cover in two to three minutes. Crocus is often used to prevent the form from sliding and also to prevent the wax from sticking to solid cuts and causing them to be rough. However, it must be carefully brushed off the mold before it goes into the vat or otherwise it is a frequent cause of blisters and sinks. It seems very probable that crocus will be replaced by copper, a process for pulverizing which has recently been discovered. This powdered copper possesses none of the disadvantages of crocus and all of its advantages, and will, moreover, aid in metallizing the face of the mold. Honeycomb Plates. — When you are having trouble there is no detail of the stereotyping process so insignifi¬ cant that it should not have your careful attention, in wit¬ ness whereof note the following excerpt from a letter received recently: “ Three months ago I had a big stereo order and had shipped about half of it when complaints began to come pouring in. Nearly a third of the plates were so honeycombed that they gave way on the press and caused no end of trouble. The advertiser landed on me and threatened to take away the rest of the order. I, in turn, jumped on the metal man and insisted that the metal was at fault, thinking, of course, that it was too hard, but he had it analyzed and reported the proportions perfect. I tried other metal, but it did no good. Finally after three or four days of unsuccessful effort I found the cause of my trouble. It was a patent-plate job, and we were in the habit of painting the cover of the casting-box with a solution of blacklead and tobacco. On this occa¬ sion one of my stereotypers, of an experimental turn of mind, substituted kerosene oil for water to make the solu¬ tion smoother. I knew of this, but never suspected what the effect would be on the plates.” Backing Metal Does Not Stick to the Shell. — -An experience illustrating the same idea occurred to an elec¬ trotyper acquaintance of mine. He found that the shell kept peeling off the plate and, after days of experimenting with his soldering acid, tinfoil and metal, he found that the trouble was in the depositing solution. Machine vs. Hand-made Matrix (478). — “Will you kindly let me know through the columns of your journal something of the relative quality of hand-made and machine-made matrices, and what advantages each method has?” Answer. — Primarily the molding machine is a great saver of time. There is no one feature of stereo¬ typing that is so laborious and slow as molding by hand, and as far back as 1861 the first machine was built to do this work. Although not successful at the start, the demand for a quicker and easier method of molding than the brush process led to a series of experiments that has resulted in the adoption of the rolling machine in nearly all the large shops of the country. Aside from the time and labor saving advantages, it is possible to make a better matrix from zinc etchings or half-tones by machine than by hand, but when the form to be molded is of type, the brush process is superior in that greater depth may be obtained, especially in the bowls of the type. Nevertheless, an effectual mold may be made from such a form by using a largely mineral paste that will not soak into the paper flong, and by giving to the matrix three or four distinct squeezes, increasing the pressure each time. It may not be out of place here to say, that, although it has never been possible to successfully apply the direct flat pressure prin¬ ciple to stereotype molding, because the flong is not plastic, yet some very good matrices have been made of display pages on a pneumatic steam drying-table that has recently been placed on the market. This is not a molding machine, however, and its manufacturers do not claim such virtues for it. Steel Electrotypes. — We are in receipt of a circular setting forth the merits of the Leuchter Hard Steel Print¬ ing Plates. The process will undoubtedly prove of much value to printers as an adjunct to copper electrotypes. The material is obviously much harder than copper and is not so readily affected by chemical inks. The claim that the millionth impression is as good as the first is probably not exaggerated. A sample of the steel shell, which accom¬ panies the circular, is an exceedingly beautiful piece of work and looks to be indestructible. Some of the claims made in the circular are hardly warranted by the facts, and some of the knocks given to electrotypes are cer¬ tainly undeserved. However, the circular is issued pri¬ marily for promotion purposes, and strong claims are, per¬ haps, excusable. One statement in particular is of interest to electrotypers and important if true. It will also be news to most of the craft that “ the profit in the electro¬ typing business is never less than fifty per cent, while the average is one hundred and fifty per cent and sometimes higher on the better class of work, of which there is a great demand.” This may be true in New York, although it seems “ too good to be true ” anywhere. We know a number of electrotypers in the West who would cheerfully hand their business over to any responsible person who would guarantee them fifteen per cent profit. Steel-faced 582 THE INLAND PRINTER electros, according to the circular, “ are nothing less than a deposit of iron on copper,” and are unworthy of con¬ sideration. While it is true that a steel printing-plate deposited directly on the mold is superior to a steel-plated electro for very fine screen colorwork, yet for all ordinary purposes, such as catalogue and book, steel-faced plates are at least worthy of mention. The writer has before him a catalogue, printed from steel-faced electros — the last one printed on an edition of four hundred and fifty thousand. The pages contain numerous half-tones and fine rules, and it is impossible to detect any wear. With regard to electros, the circular says, “ Under the most favorable conditions, the printing capacity of the copper shell is fifteen thousand.” This statement is, of course, IMITATION LETTERS. Recently I received in my mail a neatly printed imita¬ tion circular letter, done on the best bond-paper. But, though the signature was signed in ink, it did not have my name and address on the sheet. As an excuse for this, I found at the bottom of the letter : “ In order to facilitate the prompt delivery of this letter we have omitted filling in your name, as we have over five thousand customers who are personal correspondents of our firm.” That set me to thinking. The envelope had been run off on the typewriter. Now, nobody cares much about the way his name is printed on the envelope, for he very rarely keeps it. So why not with the same energy print the name on the letter-head where it belongs and use a carbon sheet STRAWBERRY SHORTCAKE. Photo by R. R. Sallows, Goderich, Canada. absurd. Every printer knows that, “ under the most favor¬ able conditions,” a good electro will stand a quarter of a million impressions or more. The steel plate is enough more durable than copper to make a strong argument in favor of its use without stretching the facts. There is a field for steel electros and there will undoubtedly be a demand for them for long runs and for colorwork, but it is extremely doubtful if the “ copper electros will be imme¬ diately relegated to the scrap-heap as an antiquated method of yesterday ” as soon as the printing public learns of steel electros. Steel electros are superior to copper, because they are more durable and because they are not affected by colored inks. There is, however, one objection to them which the circular does not mention and that is their liability to corrode. They must be kept dry and, if it is desired to store them away so that they may be used in printing future editions, they must be well protected from dampness. for the envelope? This works very satisfactorily, and I do it now in a very large part of my correspondence. Put the sheet of paper in the machine, twist the nobs to the desired length, then put in your envelope with a sheet of carbon paper the color of your typewriter ribbon. They come out together and you have killed two birds with one stone. When you want to print a signature and make it look like it was really signed in ink, have the zinc etching made from the signature done with a fountain pen and then print in a rather light blue ink. Most people who receive form-letters are not discrimi¬ nating in the fine points of deception, but it pays to do these things right when the people who receive the letters are those who can tell. — Ernest Hesse, in Practical Printer. Great is the condition of a man who lets rewards take care of themselves — come if they will, or fail to come. — Phillips Brooks. Printed from original 200-line half-tone. Printed from electrotype from the original half-tone. Printed from electrotype from the electrotype. A REMARKABLE RESULT BY ELECTROTYPING ELECTROTYPES FROM ELECTROTYPES WITHOUT LOSS IN DETAIL. See descriptive article on next page. 584 THE INLAND PRINTER EXEMPLIFICATION IN ELECTROTYPING BY THE GLOBE ENGRAVING & ELECTROTYPE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO. Dubious looks and more than dubious words come from the printer when he is asked to get results from electro¬ types of half-tone cuts. The printer clamors for the original to print from. But when he is asked to print from an elec¬ trotype from an electrotype he throws up his hands and declares that all arguments are useless. It can’t be done, it never was done, and it is against reason and common sense. But if there is any force in the adage that “ seeing is believing,” the representations recently made by the Globe Engraving & Electrotype Company, of Chicago, should carry conviction of the fact that electrotypes from electrotypes of half-tone cuts as fine or finer than 200 lines to the inch can be made from the successive electrotypes in large numbers with the most trifling loss in detail and bril¬ liancy. On the preceding page are shown samples which are exceedingly interesting examples of what may be accom¬ plished by electrotyping, though the test has been carried much farther than is here shown, and nine or ten electros have been made from each other successively with only such loss in detail as would be discernible by close scrutiny and comparison. That this success must come to all progres¬ sive electrotypers we may be assured. And this means that the half-tone, which has cost so much time and worry to pro¬ duce, can be preserved as a master matrix and electrotypes therefrom be electrotyped from in turn. The printer should instruct his customers that the “ new cuts ” they sometimes send in may be “ new ” with respect to the manufacture, but they are simply new plates from worn half-tones or worn electros. Don’t wait until your pressman kicks about the cuts. Examine them before you take the job. But elec¬ trotypes from electrotypes from half-tones are here, the printer will be glad to see. PHOTOENGRAVERS’ CONVENTION. Promptly at 10 a.m. on Tuesday, July 6, President Stiles intends to open the thirteenth annual convention of the International Association of Photoengravers at the Hotel Kaaterskill, Catskill Mountains. The convention will continue in session till Thursday if necessary. In addition to the regular business of such assemblages there will be these addresses by the following gentlemen : N. S. Amstutz, “Science and Money in Photoengraving”; John Clyde Oswald, editor the American Printer, “ The Photoengraver and the Printer, from a Business Point of View”; W. T. G. Weymouth, president, Typo Mercantile Agency, “A New Draft System for Collecting Delinquent Accounts”; Arthur Fruwirth, “Focusing, Old and New”; Louis Edward Levy, “ Photoengraving: A Retrospect and a Look Ahead”; Will Bradley, art director, Collier’s Weekly, “Color and Design”; A. W. Rathbun, treasurer, Inland- Walton Engraving Company, “A Complete Cost-Keeping System.” “Ample opportunity will be given for a full dis¬ cussion of the remarks made by various speakers,” says the program. MORGAN BUYS CAXTON BOOKS. Again the United States has scored on British book- buyers, and a number of Caxton’s books that were offered at the sale of Lord Amherst’s library have been purchased on behalf of Mr. James Pierpont Morgan. The price must have been a very high one to induce the auctioneers to withdraw the books from public sale. Written for The Inland Printer. AN EIGHTEENTH CENTURY ETCHING MACHINE. BY S. H. HORGAN. BTCHING machines are being discussed at the present time everywhere engravings are made, the principle in all of them being to move the plate or etching fluid in a manner that will hasten the even etching of the plate. Methods of rocking the glass-covered vessel containing the etching fluid have been patented. It will be of interest to examine the reproduction from Diderot’s Encyclopedia, published in 1767, showing there was an etching machine in practical use prior to that date, or 150 years ago. The upper portion of the engraving shows a section of a table with the simple clockwork of the machine upon it. ETCHING MACHINE OF 150 YEARS AGO. The pendulum-rod goes through a slit in the table to the weight below. The latter, it can be seen, has a set-screw for fixing it at any portion of the rod so as to regulate the speed of the machine. In the lower part of the engraving is shown the glass- covered etching box. A cross section of this box calls attention to the beveled corners on the inside of the box, much as we have them to-day. The other parts of the machine are shown in detail. All of which proves once more that there is, after all, little new under the sun. CENTAUR CENTAUR- CUTTING MACHINE - COMPANY NEW YORK.- CHICAGO - OMAHA Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure A BOOK ON PRINTING CHARLES EATON SMITH THE EMPIRE PRESS »9°7 Figure 4. Figure 5. AUGUST R. MOORE A. M. JENKINS JENKINS & MOORE Automobiles and Sundries 2680 North Avenue, PITTSBURG, PA. We carry a complete line of high grade machines <3(tgl)t!) jEJnnual Concert of tl )t Ctjfcago dOustcai Qgsoctatton Admission One Dollar Monday Evening, January 20, 1908 Ktgus flflntinfl SPECIALISTS IN RAILROAD PRINTING M. JONES . P* m BJ.SM/TH . 5“*h- KBS^HProl The Printer Can Not Afford to use a substitute or a weak gold ink on a high-class job. IS A PERFECT GOLD \Jp£\ U l I jf INK of tested quality— an ink which, when used, will retain its brilliant luster. The best printing establishments of the country are using “ OROTYP ” and pronounce it the most perfect and satisfactory gold ink they have ever used. It is not an experiment. Suppose you give it a test ? Write to-day for samples, prices, etc. Manufactured in four shades: Light Gold, Deep Gold, Aluminum and Copper. MANUFACTURED BY THE CANADIAN BRONZE POWDER WORKS MONTREAL TORONTO VALLEYF1ELD Distributing Agent for United States JAS. H. FURMAN, 36 LaSalle St., Chicago, HI THE INLAND PRINTER 601 jgjpasaagags '‘SB!1 pi',rc’Sf„croh“keohis!°" "SKjgK%,tjr= - - - ™ SSBgES;r mmm wmmm •SHi'SSH.”' E&M£tiS£ns& ^'SS*- 8?TA«VMWfSf‘ d“™ 1 • gPS™ :=gsss3|p~eH= P°^ober*^nd'^eady,I^married! a*Address°Gl!295^er °f Chat^ ■P,M-^ ^'.rzK'Tii ELSKS«Sjp?PS.;?‘ sfflSr 602 THE INLAND PRINTER •"2SS MU pt'1*" ' w? 1 1 * w^-^rss&jaa «rhi" “ ,ou * ■h”t 28 1 ,».Y. SLASeSKE i by H. E. Smith Co., I NaSSaU S6-10NeW bab0nc^^^ tkS^kn^p; Printies10an Eng- %spe- RAY, WILLIAM I ’ E. 9th st.. New LLLMAN-PHILPOTY ( ^Eh^Eraste?BAliveredP!H) days^fronT d^y o/order^^fauIUes^wort!1^!!-^^3 s for Prli P=S1 % ^a^TSStyEIept%Tip- DE™ cuSmadSnes^hat1 a^powerfui °SSgMmAaCo= °£ **£* 1 & CO., 76-82 5 Photo^haU. 1NL4Nt™LT^ THEIecEot™N C lepI: 1 «ssf TH°cSNo; TfoV/S SWSJWS* ’ BINCGomm“rBBt?PhnadelphrANY’ 4°6 ^ St’ NW ^ a^.9413 BDg WtLD^STEV.NS, I BARNHART BROTHERS & SPINDLER^ 3SF »ss THE INLAND PRINTER 603 „„rt,„us of all kinds. Send to nearest house for latest type specimens Houses — ■ Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Richmond, Buffalo Pittsburg, Cleveland, Cinci apolis, Denver, Los Angeles, delphia, , . Louis, Chicago, Kansas City, Indi .ncisco, Portland, Spokane, Seattle, Van Superior copper-i PLATEMAKERS ! PUBLISHERS ! A gentleman with unquestionable references and with rience not only as an office and sales man, but who is a mn Electrotyper , Nickeltyper and Stereotyp, _ _ a mnrpr _ ially with a id needs such a partner, o: i where good business on > Direct correspondence to .11 their branches, desires to _ _n that wishes to increase its busi- -ould purchase a plant in some healthy The PAASCHE Air Brushes are absolutely the best for coloring post-cards, calendars, novelties, show-cards, price tickets, advertising posters, signs, etc. Write us for catalog now. PAASCHE AIR BRUSH COMPANY 7=9 Blue Island Avenue CHICAGO, ILLINOIS THE GLOBE SPECIAL MACHINERY CO. JOS. E. SMYTH, Pres. Manufacturers of PRINTERS’, BOOKBINDERS’ AND ELECTROTYPERS’ MACHINERY Machinery Rebuilt and Repaired. Day and night force. No delays. Telephone, Expert mechanics. Monroe 456. 1 1-19 South Jefferson Street. CHICAGO. “Rmifillilio” f°r the Trade U&4 JJL1. J. We have put in a ROUGHING MACHINE, and should be pleased to fill orders from those desiring this class of work. Three-color half¬ tone pictures, gold-bronze printing, and, in fact, high-grade work of any character, is much improved by giving it this stippled effect. All work given prompt attention. Prices on application. Correspondence invited. THE HENRY O. SHEPARD COMPANY 120-130 Shermao Street CHICAGO then , ny kind of paper. It n the fines :ing. These are broad staten INK GLOSS difference whether it is rough paper y day by printers who use my Ink Glos HAMPTON AULD 798 MI. PROSPECT AVENUE NEWARK, N. J. PROMPT AND EXPERT = KNIFE-GRINDING SERVICE = CUTS for ADVERTISERS Our CUT Catalogue shows thousands of beautiful and appropriate half-tone and line cuts for booklets, catalogues, circulars, magazines, papers, etc. Ovei ioo pp„ g/ x 12^, 50 cts. (refunded on $2 order). BEAUTY BOOK— Ful page art pictures from original photographs of sixty-five of the most beautifu women in the world. Electros for sale. 36 cts. Both 76 cts. Stamps taken SPATULA PUB. CO., 100 Sudbury Bldg., Boston, Mass DURANT MODEL B JOB PRESS COUNTERS Can be furnished with simple attachments for perfect operation on all sizes and makes of platen presses. AskustheSetaiisealerf°r The W. N. DURANT COMPANY, Milwaukee, Wis. Model B, Job Pi fl Modern Monthly - — fill About TA 'PE'R THE PAPER DEALER gives the wanted information on the general and technical sub¬ ject of $aper It will enable the printer to keep posted on paper, to buy advanta¬ geously, and to save money on his paper purchases. No dollar could be spent more profitably for a year’s reading. Printed on enamel book paper. SPECIAL OFFER-^^yi0^ Kr'uSE head, and remit at our risk, and receive the paper for the year of 1909 and also a copy of our book, "Helps to Profitable Paper Selling.” Hw Pnom | PtfaS & h e PAPER. DEALER 155 WASHINGTON STREET, CHICAGO Wire Loop Is the cheapest and best di “Stringing” Catalogues, Directories, Telephone Books, Prices Current, etc. Look Better and Won’t Break or Wear Out! Let us send sample and quot WIRE LOOP MFG. CO. (Successors to Universal Wire loop Co.) This cut illus: 75 Shelby Street DETROIT - = = = MICHIGAN “I Cao See Results the First Month” jBfe rgrry^Tf) BurnSs Sllffi BLOTTERS ! To Users of the Monotype Machine Our price for Keyboard Paper, with ROUND PERFORATIONS, is still 6 CENTS per pound. Satisfaction guaranteed. COLONIAL COMPANY Mechanic Falls, Maine PRESS CONTROLLERS TOMATIC SYSTEM Fills All Requirements of Most Exacting Printer: MONITOR SALES DEPT. 106 South Gay Street, BALTIMORE, MD. JXON’S Special Graphite No. 635 - should be used on Lino- n ! M type Space-Bands, Matrices, and wherever there is friction. Write for free sample 157. JOSEPH DIXON CRUCIBLE CO., Jersey City, N. J. We Can Serve the Local Printer With his SPECIAL WORK, in large or small runs, promptly, with our newly and fully equipped plant. WE MANUFACTURE Cut and Folded Tin Strips for mounting calendars. We do Tin Mounting for the trade. We sell Tin Mounting Machines. _ We varnish and gum label paper. Phone or write for lull information. American Tin Mounting Co. 54 NochlcalsoJ0mS' We enamel, varnish and gloss postal card views. Roughing or “ Stippling” of the highest grade. Wanted half-tone vvaruea ^ PLAXES Am in the market to buy, at a reasonable price, three or four hundred plates, about 8 x 10, covering art subjects, scenery or other interesting matter. Will consider plates of complete books on above subjects. JQHN g BAXTER 356 Dearborn St., Chicago. 3 Chilled -Iron Roller INK MILLS ^iZ6w!th,or^viMthou't^R)ppe^.^SolfdCor>'WateI^C(>oled?^ieS' Also build Paper datura THE BLACK- CLAWSON CO. -- HAMILTON, OHIO. U. S. A. - We are Manufacturers of the Highest Grade of “LINO” “AUTO” “STEREO” “MONO” “ELECTRO” 1 “COMPOSO” TYPE METAL Merchant & Evans Company (Successor to Merchant & Co., Inc.) Smelters and Refiners (Philadelphia New York Brooklyn Baltimore Kansas City EMBOSSING IS EASY If you use STEWART’S EMBOSSING BOARD. Simple, economical, durable. Sheets, 6x9 inches. $1.00 a Dozen, postpaid. The Inland Printer Co., 130 Sherman St., Chicago. 604 : V r\ : -D U.S.COLORTYPE PRESS r -rv we"' fur'ni'sh'Vhis subject for newspaper inserts ' ^ WRITE FOR THE LARIAT THE BEST -ENGRAVING HOUSE ORGAN PUBLISHED 605 Color Problems Solved Y THE MARGO SYSTEM the Printer can select in advance with scientific accuracy the color, tint or tone of the ink or inks suitable for any stock or any design. All experimental proving is done away with. Time, worry, expense saved. Do not guess about color. Know about it. To know about color use the Chromatoscope. Write to us about it. “It is practical, correct and simple, and therefore wonderful,” users say. What the Largest Engraving House in the Country Thinks of the Margo System This unqualified endorsement is the result of practical ex¬ perience with the Margo System. Have You a Chromato¬ scope? . ftp VCHouser, stcv. ^6ro^6^&Dm6aru/ E.W. Houser, ff ^ ENGRAVERS 21s llEXm JH ChI«ifu’?str«M CATALOG PLATE MAKERS Chicago, Hay 27th.,1 1909. Philip Rux ton. Inc. 158 E. Harrison St.. Chicago. Dear Sir:- I feel it is only fair to tell you how we appreciate your Haratta System of color standardizal ;ion. It is practical, correct and simple, and therefore wonderful. 1 feel that you have bridged the chasm between the artist ‘e original color conception and the engravers and printers reproduction of it. Its gj •eatest feature in my mind is the fact that it eliminates guess work entirely and makes it possible for a mechanio to produce artistic effects. Since actions speak louder than words, I will dismiss the subject by saying ' that we have adopted your system and are glad of it. Very truly yours, L.F. — /y BARNKS-CROSBY COHPAMY. Mgr. City Dept. Get in consultation with us. Our consultation with you will save you time, many dollars, and improve your work. PHILIP RUXTON, Inc. NEW YORK and CHICAGO. TONS OF TYPE HAVE BEEN CAST BY THE THOMPSON TYPECASTER The Cheapest Machine ■ Price $1,200. All sizes of type 5 to 48 point and low quads and spaces are all made in the same mold. Mold bodies cost but $ 1 0 each. ■ Used in These Offices Sears, Roebuck & Co., Chicago . Daily News, Chicago. Peterson Linotype Com¬ pany, Chicago. Cozzens & Beaton Type¬ setting Co., Chicago. ASK THEM ABOUT IT The Only Machine Which Can Successfully Cast Type from Linotype Matrices The only machine which can cast type from 5 to 48 point. The only machine which casts all sizes of type in one mold. We guarantee perfect type and highest rate of production. Watch for the announcement next month, in these columns, of our new model with several very important improvements. Descriptive booklet and sample type will be sent on request. THOMPSON TYPE MACHINE COMPANY 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago. The Cheapest Matrices ■ 5 to 1 4 point, $2 per font. (Linotype matrices, 300 faces.) 18 to 48 point, $20 per font. (Electrotype matrices, our make.) Low quad matrices, $5 a body. ■ Used in These Offices Henry O. Shepard Com¬ pany, Chicago. W . B. Convey Company, Hammond, Ind. New York Journal, New York City. And other printing houses. 607 THE HUBER- HODGMAN PRINTING PRESS PRINT-SI DE-UP DELIVERY IN OPERATION THE Huber-Hodgman Printing Press is a machine so simple in its construction, so rigid in its build, so absolutely accurate in its reg¬ ister, so efficient in every particular, it makes a friend wherever used. Those who are unacquainted with its merits are the ones from whom we solicit an investigation. The old Huber presses have a well known record for durability on account of the excellent materials used. The Huber-Hodgman is a modern machine in improvement of mechan¬ ism, but is made of the same kind of material. It runs almost noise¬ less, its driving mechanism is the most powerful and efficient made. There is no vibration to this machine because it has an iron base lock¬ ing the machine together, and will never slide on the floor or shake the building as other presses do. See our four-roller Pony de luxe. This machine is not equaled to-day for general excellence. We build two-color presses, perfecting presses, all sizes of two-revolution presses, rotary zinc or aluminum presses. We solicit your consideration. VAN ALLENS & BOUGHTON IJ to 2^ Rose St. and 135 IV illiam St., New York. Factory— Taunton, Mass. Agents, Pacific Coast, PACIFIC STATES TYPE FOUNDRY 645 Battery Street, San Francisco, Cal. Agent, England, P. LAWRENCE PTG. MACHINERY CO., Ltd 57 Shoe Lane, London, E. C. Western Office, 277 Dearborn Street, H. W. THORNTON, Manager, Telephone, Harrison 801. CHICAGO BUFFUM AUTOMATIC PRESS 31 'Cr(umpl) ttt ^rtnttng-^rrss Construction PRINTS CARDS UP TO AND INCLUDING GOVERNMENT POSTAL SIZE AT A SPEED OF ABOUT 8,000 IMPRESSIONS PER HOUR A THOROUGHLY PRACTICAL PRESS. ALL PARTS OF HIGH NICKEL AND JAPAN FINISH AND STRICTLY INTERCHANGEABLE THE BUFFUM AUTOMATIC PRESS is not only a novelty but a well-built and businesslike machine. It prints cards up to and including Government postal card size, and feeds the same automatically from the bottom. The motor is set for a maximum speed of about 8,000 impressions per hour. It has removable chase and tympan and our special rapid impression-regulating device, making possible the very rapid delivery of work. The press is equipped with fountain and impression counter, and is so arranged that it can be operated by hand or motor power, or both, as may be desired. All parts are strictly interchangeable and of high nickel and japan finish. A complete equipment goes with each press. Write for full particulars and prices. MANUFACTURED BY BUFFUM TOOL COMPANY M Louisiana, Mo. Makers of High-Grade Tools for High-Grade Workmen 4-9 U. P. IVT. Vacuum a a Bronzing Machine RADICAL DEPARTURE FROM OLD METHODS Saves 'Bronze Increases Product j Decreases Cost The disagreeable feature of bronze dust about the pressroom successfully overcome. U. P. IM. Continuous a Pile Feeder Has all the advantages of both Pile and Continuous Feeding Machines No Climbing : No Wedging No Stops for Loading Demonstrates the practicability of short runs for an automatic feeder. The DOUBLE ELEVATOR supplies a means for making the second impression without loss of time. United Printing Machinery Co. 246 Summer Street, BOSTON 12-14 Spruce Street, NEW YORK WESTERN AGENTS (0) CANADIAN AGENTS W illiams-Lloyd Machinery Co. Toronto Type Foundry Co., Ltd. 337 Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill. 70 York St., Toronto, Canada 610 Important Notice We wish to announce that we have taken hold of the Unitype Typesetting Machine, and shall place it upon the market in extraordinary numbers. This we are enabled to say because of certain recent, and extremely valu¬ able, developments with respect to this machine, which our thorough know¬ ledge of the machine composition situ¬ ation has enabled us to bring about. The new Unitype will not be offered until July 15th; but one may be seen in operation at our offices on and after July 1st. Wood & Nathan Company Number 1 Madison Avenue New York City 611 E. C. FULLER COMPANY Fisher Building 28 Reade Street „ & Works CHICAGO NEWYORK NEW HAVEN, CONN. Fuller Folders and Feeders FULLER AUTOMATIC FEEDER FOR PRINTING PRESS We guarantee an increase in production of ten to twenty-five per cent over hand feeding, absolutely perfect register and a saving in wastage of paper. We make Automatic Feeders for all kinds of machines designed to handle paper in sheets. THOUSANDS IN SUCCESSFUL OPERATION. FULLER COMBINATION JOBBING FOLDER Handles sheets from 12 inches by 16 inches to 38 inches by 50 inches in any weight of paper without wrinkling or buckling. Folds and delivers 8, 12, 16, 24 and 32 pages. Book or Periodical Imposition. Also long 16’s, 24’s and 32’s two or more “on.” 612 The Smyth Gluing Machine j iii fiHfSMMBB fggjjySaL , MADE BY SMYTH MFG. CO., HARTFORD, CONN. Built on scientific and practical principles. Uses hot or cold glue, paste, dextrine or mucilage. Absolutely uniform application of any of the above materials. Automatic delivery of glued or pasted fabric, moist side up to conveyor. Simple, Rapid and Effective. CHICAGO SOLE SELLING AGENTS E. C. FULLER COMPANY newyorr The White Rapid l|j||p . . Powerful XuSlB 1 land Chimp Accurate THE BEST PAPER CUTTER EVER PRODUCED Fisher Building CHICAGO E. C. FULLER COMPANY newVork 613 What Are You Selling, Mr. Printer? Are you getting real money for the real results you are able to produce, or are you working against the stiff competition that deals in typesetting, presswork and a percentage on the stock? If you are competing in this way, now is a good time to stop, and the way to do it is to give your customer something the other fellow hasn't figured on. There is good money in the printing business, but you can’t get it out by cutting prices. It is far easier to get more for your work and give more for the money at the same time, if you will simply know a little more about type and paper possibilities than your competitor. One way you can put yourself in line to make bigger and easier profits the coming year is to familiarize yourself with the economical effectiveness of our line of BUCKEYE COVERS. Get a full line of Buckeye Samples from any of the following jobbers, or of us, and let them prove to you that Buckeye is “ better than any other cover at anywhere near the price, and better for more purposes than any other cover regardless of price" : BUFFALO, N. Y.— The Ailing & Cory Co. CHICAGO, ILL. — James White Paper Co. (Ulster Covers*). CINCINNATI, OHIO ] f The Chatfield & Woods Co. I J The Whitaker Paper Co. (Highland Covers*). 1 The Cincinnati Cordage & Paper Co. (Psyche Covers*). [ The Diem & Wing Paper Co. CLEVELAND, OHIO — The Union Paper & Twine Co. COLUMBUS, OHIO — The Central Ohio Paper Co. (Montrose Covers*). DAYTON, OHIO —The Keogh & Rike Paper Co. DETROIT, MICH.— The Union Paper & Twine Co. INDIANAPOLIS, IND. NASHVILLE, TENN. PITTSBURG, PA. C. P. Lesh Paper Co. Indiana Paper Co. The Whitaker Paper Co. (Highland Covers*). Graham Paper Co. (Peerless Covers*) . The Ailing & Cory Co. The Chatfield & Woods Co. ROCHESTER, N. Y.— The Ailing & Cory Co. ST. LOUIS, MO. — Graham Paper Co. (Peerless Covers*). Note.— We are almost ready to take up the “BUCKEYE SUGGESTION CAMPAIGN,” which was stopped by the postoffice department some time ago, and we want the name of every progressive printer who is willing to be shown how he can make more money with less competition. Write us if you want to be on our list. The Beckett Paper Company Makers of Good Paper in Hamilton, Ohio, since 1848 614 A Pen Stroke Today Saves Thu $50 On JULY 15th the price of We MILLER <1 We urge you to do so. You risk nothing and incur no obligation. C Under the terms of our offer, you are permitted to try out this machine for thirty days under your own shop conditions and decide for yourself whether or not its savings in time and labor will make it prove a profitable investment. C.You decide. If adversely, back it comes without a murmur from us. Special-Purpose Saw-Trimmer ADVANCES from $150.00 to $200.00 ’ You will undoubtedly be pleased to learn that I succeeded in securing the position of advertising manager with the Emil Grossman Company, manufacturers of automobile specialties, for which post you so kindly endorsed me. I am to enter their employ on the 15th inst. While it will be expected of me to exhibit great capability and to shoulder manifold responsibilities, I am confident the Powell training has developed in me resources and qualifications that will enable me to acquit myself in a manner that shall reflect creditably upon your course of advertising instruction. I take this occasion to recall to you that this is the fourth good connection I have been so fortunate as to secure through your kind offices ; the wider experience gained in each succeeding one has tended to advance me further in the realm of advertising. With assurances of deep appreciation of your many efforts in my behalf and extending sincerest thanks for this latest evidence of your interest in me, I remain, Yours respectfully, LEWIS M. SCHWARTZ, 327 East Tenth Street. If you wish to double or quadruple your income as an advertising expert, either on salary or by conducting your own office, let me mail my fine free books — Prospectus and “Net Results.” GEORGE H. POWELL 1219 METROPOLITAN ANNEX ....... NEW YORK 627 * Bind your Inland Printers f at Home with an ARNOLD SECURITY BINDER Artistic :: Simple :: Durable NEW DESIGN 5 WHEELS AMERICAN . . . . . . Machine Lo» 293 Essex St., Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A. OR THROUGH DEALERS PEERLESS MOTORS are made to operate any size press, from the small job to the largest cylinder or flat-bed press. FOR A JOB PRESS the PEERLESS Friction Drive Motors have no equal, and have stood the faithful test with all comers. The uniform and economical service is of vital importance to the net earn¬ ing capacity of your plant. Occupies but small space, as shown in illustra¬ tion. Requires no belting. The spring base pre¬ vents injuring the shaft if fly-wheel occasionally does not run true, or in case of sudden shock — all points of vital importance. Its appli¬ cation permits the drive to be operated with a minimum pressure between fly and friction wheels. Send for Complete Catalogue, Prices, etc. The PEERLESS ELECTRIC CO. Factory and General Offices ..... WARREN, OHIO American Model 30 m 12345 Impression of Figures Steel throughout Model 31 — 6 wheels . . $6.00 Steel throughout Model 31 — 6 wheels, $6.00 The Giles Rotary KS' Print all Classes of Roll Wrapping Paper and Paper Bags Two-color Bag Printing Presses, Two-color Roll Wrapping- paper Printing Presses, Two-color Bag and Roll Wrapping- paper Printing Presses, One-color Roll Wrapping-paper Printing Presses, One-color Bag Printing Presses. All classes of Stereotyping Machinery. Special Printing Machinery designed and built. PRINTERS’ MACHINERY CO., ELKHuAsRTA. ,ND* Write for a Sample Machine on trial American Model 30 NO TOOLS, PUNCHING OR STITCHING - YOUR HANDS THE ONLY TOOLS THE “ARNOLD SECURITY BINDER” is the modern method of keeping your magazines together and in good condition. It has the finished appearance of a bound book and is the ideal magazine cabinet, keeping the magazines fresh and in consecutive order. It can be used as a permanent binding or emptied and refilled as the magazines become out of date. A magazine can be inserted or removed at any time without disturbing the others. Binder for One Volume, six issues, $1.00 Two Binders, covering full year, $1.80 Address, THE INLAND PRINTER 120-130 Sherman Street, CHICAGO 628 It’s Not the Price You Pay, but the Satisfaction You Get for the Investment $ We might have invented a Compo keeping, of course, with the price. ing Stick that could be sold at much lower price, but times demand up-to-date appliances, in £ There are many Sticks on the market — some are good, others not so good; but with the STAR Composing STICK, and its IMPROVED WEDGE LOCK, you have the “ cream ” of the best. A scientifically constructed Stick of high-grade polished materials, beautifully finished; popular sizes. It saves “ kicks ” because no time is lost fussing around trying to set a truly recta more convenient, less tiresome than any other stick. It is quickly set. Graduated to measure by tight spacing. No holes to wear larger nor pins to wear smaller. Groove It has the proper allowance for “ squeeze ” to make lines lift when locked up with other stick of equal size. It is the longest-lived graduated Stick made. 'ru;^ new booklet. FOR SALE BY SUPPLY HOUSES GENERALLY. THE STAR TOOL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 17 W. Washington St., SpringSield, Ohio, U. S. A. % :r and neater, X vedged out of X _ « 1 ^ This Stick is manufactured in both nickel-plated steel and brass. Send for c The Best Special Works for Lithographers, Etc. ALBUM LITHO-26 parts in stock, 20 plates in black and color, $1.50 each part. AMERICAN COMMERCIAL SPECIMENS-three series, 24 plates in color, $3.50 each series. TREASURE OF GRAPHIC ARTS— 24‘folip plates inVolor,$4.50. TREASURE OF LABELS — the newest of labels- 15 plates in color, $3.00. "FIGURE STUDIES” — by Ferd Wiist — second series, 24 plates, $3.00. FREIE KUNSTE — SEMI-MONTHLY PUBLICATION- $3.00, post free; sample copy, 25 c PUBLISHED BY JOSEF HEIM - - Vienna Vl./i Austria NEW Wing-Horton Mailer Some of the largest and most progressive publishers in this and foreign countries are adopting the WING- HORTON MAILER. There is a Reason ! Would it not pay you to investigate ? Full particulars supplied on request. CHAUNCEY WING, Manufacturer . . Greenfield, Mass. West Baden French Lick Springs Over night from your office — come back feeling like a new man. You can have complete rest — and just enough entertainment to enjoy yourself without exertion. Dreamy music in large rotunda — bowling, billiards, golf, or horseback riding among the Cumberland Hills. The famous waters are excellent for stomach complaints. West Baden-French Lick Springs are beautifully situated in Indiana, 300 miles south, on the FRANK J. REED, G. P. A. E. P. COCKRELL, A. G. P. A. CHICAGO 629 Printer and Publisher is the Canadian printer’s local paper. It is the only printing journal in Canada and is the organ of the Canadian Press Association. You know the value of a local paper to the advertiser; you realize its direct benefits to the reader in keeping him fully informed on what is going on in his own locality. Every month TPrfpfe? fy goes to all parts of Canada from coast to coast, covering the en¬ tire field. With its news of the month in gos¬ sipy form and various useful features, which make it a practical aid to the printer, its advantages to the adver¬ tiser who wants to cover the Canadian field and do it thoroughly can not be questioned. Send for rate card and further information Published every month in Toronto, Montreal, Winnipeg Westinghouse Motors Driving Stitchers With every machine in the printing shop in¬ dividually driven by a Westinghouse Motor there is no waste of power, as is the case when driving a large of shafting and a large number of machines that are doing no With individual drive when a machine is not working it is not running, and when working consumes only the power sufficient to run it. Furthermore, you can place your machines exactly where wanted. We make motors specially adapted to printing machinery, and can tell yot just how to apply them. ^ Westinghouse Electric & Mfg. Co. PITTSBURG, PA. /|JOQ ^ For Canada — Canadian Westinghouse Co., Ltd., Hamilton PLATINE TYMPAN Specially Prepared for Printers from Stock sizes in rolls, 36 in. up. Basis, 24 x 36 — 80 lbs. Ask your jobber. Samples upon application to the Manufacturers. Detroit Sulphite Pulp 4 Paper Co. MAKERS OF PAPERS OF STRENGTH DETROIT, MICH. Me^ilPs Patent The sheet, as shown, is fed short of the gauge and yet it will register. When the press closes, the “Auto¬ matic” extends forward and gently pushes the sheet to exact position. It does not bite the sheet and prevent it from registering. It never pushes it out. It registers cardboard or paper. The ordinary gripper operates it. No extra fixtures. The gauge forms a stop for the sheet and then registers it. Feed any way to it as a side gauge, and as fast as you like. The Automatic Register Gauge costs $4.80. Including a pair of the Double -Grip Gauges for the bottom, to your door for $5.95. Testimonials and booklet. Your Dealer or E. L. MEGILL, Patentee and Manufacturer, 60 Duane Street, NEW YORK Use Modern Equipment ! KIMBLE VARIABLE-SPEED SINGLE -PHASE A. C. PRESS MOTORS We are the originators of Variable-Speed A. C. Motors Stop your kicking and get a Kimble Variable-Speed S. P. A. C. Motor and increase your output. - PRICE — - - — % h. p., $52.00 Y h. p., $ 60.00 '/l h. p., $85.00 % h. p., $100.00 1 h. p., $110.00 i'/2 h. p., $130.00 Guaranteed Two Years. Send for Catalogue “ P.” KIMBLE ELECTRIC CO. 324-326 West Washington Boulevard, CHICAGO, ILL. A Peerless Trade -Builder As a trade-builder, a printer can get nothing that will approach Peerless Patent Book-form Cards because when you once get a customer for these cards you get him as long as he buys cards. Any printer who has developed a trade for these cards will testify to this fact. Customers who remember you for cards will remember you, because of that fact, for other kinds of printing. Don’t you want to be remembered? You Do the Printing in Your Own Plant We supply these Peerless Cards to you in Blanks, already Scored. WITH USE OF OUR LEVER BINDER CASE, TABBING OF CARDS IS NOT REQUIRED. Send for Card Samples and see the perfectly smooth edge when the cards are detached. Write for it to-day — now. THE JOHN B. WIGGINS COMPANY Engravers Die Embossers Plate Printers 7 and 9 E. Adams Street, Chicago Warnock Sectional Blocks and Register Hooks Quickest and most flexible hooks on the market IF YOO WANT HOOKS OR BLOCKS FOR ANY PURPOSE, WRITE US MANUFACTURED AND FOR SALE BY THE WARNOCK-TOWNER CO., 334 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO 631 AMERICAN LEAD AND RULE CUTTERS FORM A CLASS BY THEMSELVES Gauges adjust instantly and lock automatically to non¬ pareils — No. 30 also gauges to points. Permanently accurate. No slipping. No guessing. Quick, Sure and Accurate Results — that’s all. If you want the Best, you must get an AMERICAN. Made to both American and European (Didot) Systems. Sold by reputable Dealers throughout the World. = MADE ONLY BY ====== H. B. ROUSE & CO. CHIC AGO?* U SS.T. %\)t American pressman A MONTHLY TECHNICAL TRADE JOURNAL WITH 20,000 SUBSCRIBERS Best medium for direct communication with the user and purchaser of Pressroom Machinery and Materials. ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR 802 -80S Lyric Theater Bldg., CINCINNATI, Ohio THE BEUSTER ELECTROTYPES Bear the ear-mark of ‘ lA Little Better than Expected — In Unexcelled Service .” If you require high-grade reproductions, for high- grade printing, and are one of those “hard-to-suit” buyers of Electrotypes, we can satisfy the most exacting requirement. GOOD ELECTROTYPES AND QUICK SERVICE COST you NO MORE than the ordinary kind. It’s worth your while to investigate our facilities, and a visit by YOU to our plant will set aside any question. Special Automobile Service at your command. THE BEUSTER C0MPANYTYPING 371-375 Dearborn Street, Chicago, Ill. : ' < Phone, Aarrison 2657. Read by British and Colonial Printers the IV orld over. Stye Ulritisli printer Every issue contains information on trade matters by specialists. Reproductions in colors and monochrome showing modern methods of illustrating. All about New Machinery and Appli¬ ances. Trade notes form reliable guides to printers and allied traders. Specimens of jobwork form original designs for “lifting.” PUBLISHED BI-MONTHLY. $2 per Annum, post free. Specimen Copy sent on receipt ol 35 Cents. RAITHBY, LAWRENCE tr CO., Ltd. LEICESTER and LONDON American Representative, A. O’Donoghue, 535 W. 125th St., NewYork When You Figure r»r» a lr»K do Vou *ully antic" on a JOD ipate all the leaks and possible chances of your “dropping” your profits? Increase your profits by stopping the leaks C. A successful printer can not conduct a thrifty business without applying system to his work. Its workings will tell you every hour of the day your cost of operation and net profits, enabling you to figure on jobs intelligently. Once installed, this system need never be changed, no matter how your business grows. C, By arrangement with the Cost Department of the Inland Printer Technical School I am prepared to install personally in a limited number of printing-offices this modern safeguard method. Full particulars on application to M. J. BECKETT Inland Printer Technical School 120-130 SHERMAN ST., CHICAGO 632 The "Reliance” Cutter THE “Reliance” Lever Paper Cutter has an interlocking back gauge and clamp for narrow cutting, and all other features found on the best power cutters. Don’t judge lever paper cutters by previous experiences you may have had with the ordi¬ nary kinds, but send your name and let us show you how “differ= ent” THE “Reliance” is. SOLD BY ALL PROGRESSIVE DEALERS “ U ARDEST TO BREAK and £ | EASIEST TO REPAIR” just about sums up the advantage to you in buying a perfectly=constructed, perfect= cutting lever paper cutter like the “ Reliance.” You can’t break it ordinarily. You can’t lose anything but the cost of a new part if you’re careless. No machinist to hire when repairing a “Reliance.” It’s Inter¬ changeable. Made by Paul Shniedewend & Co,, Chicago IF YOU WANT TO BUILD A TRADE WITH THE FRENCH PRINTERS SEND YOUR CATALOGUES AND TERMS TO THE FONDERIE CASLON (PARIS BRANCH) THE LEADING IMPORTERS OF AMERICAN MACHINERY FOR THE FRENCH PRINTING TRADE. (Shipping Agents: The American Express Company.) FONDERIE CASLON, 13. Rue Sain te Cecile. PARIS THE NEW STATIONERS’ MAGAZINE NOT A NEWSPAPER the selling end of the retail stationery business 120-130 SHERMAN STREET, CHICAGO Edited and managed by the same efficient corps of men who control The Inland Printer , aided by some of the best and most practical stationers in the country. DEPARTMENTS : Window Dressing Shelf and Counter Display Salesmanship Lettering for Stationers Stationers’ Advertising Stationery Store Management EIGHTY PAGES. FULLY ILLUSTRATED Subscription Rate .... $1.50 per year Send for sample copy, 15 cents The BEST and LARGEST GERMAN TRADE JOURNAL for the PRINTING TRADES on the EUROPEAN CONTINENT InttHrluT Hurit- iuih i>lriniu*urim* Devoted to the interests of Printers, Lithographers and kindred trades, 0ruJsrijn* Httrlj- mt& $t?ntdntrk?r 19 DENNEW1TZ-STRASSE - - - BERLIN. W. 57. GERMANY Will You Accept This Business Book if We Send it Free? Sign and mail the coupon below. Send no money! Take no risk! One hundred and twelve of the ' world’ s master business men have written ten books — 2,079 pages — 1,497 vital business secrets, ideas, methods. In them is the best of all that they know about Name _ Address Position . 633 AUTOMATIC BED and DD PCOITO PLATEN riVC/OOl^O table shown in cut. _ M1TICFT press 4 mfg. co. rlLloLL 9b404s%T MASCseS,ercAVSnAe Help the Circulation You should have this work. Sent postpaid on receipt of price, 50c. THE INLAND PRINTER CO. 1729 Tribune Bldg., New York. 130 Sherman Street, Chicago ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH HALF? For Cylinder Press Drive the Ratio ot Power Used to the Power Paid For is “B-T” MOTOR DRIVE WITH FIELD CONTROL Write for description The Mechanical Appliance Co. MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN DRAWING FOR PRINTERS By ERNEST KNAUFFT, Editor of The Art Student, and Director of the Chautauqua Society of Fine Arts. THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago 1729 Tribune Bldg., New York A practical treatise on the art of designing and illustrating in connection with typog¬ raphy, containing complete instructions, fully illustrated, for the beginner as well as the more advanced student, which will enable any one who has a desire to learn drawing, whether connected with the printing craft or not, to become as profi¬ cient in the art as it is possible to be through the study of books. Full cloth; 240 pages; over 100 illustrations. Price, $2.00. 634 u Qualify Quantity Quietly Prouty Without effort or strain; results assured; profits inevitable and perfect satisfaction universally. OBTAINABLE THROUGH ANY RELIABLE DEALER Boston Printing Press & Machinery Co. 176 Federal Street, BOSTON, MASS. The HUMAN FIGURE ut the World. H. B. ROUSE & CO. 61-63 Ward Street CHICAGO, U.S.A. 636 Quality Metals for printers are the kind Blatchford makes — Linotype, Monotype, Stereotype, etc., etc. E. W. Blatchford Co. CHICAGO, U. S. A. Eastern Office— 5 Beekman St., New York We cater to the Printing Trade in making the most up-to-date — = line of = Pencil and Pen Carbons for any Carbon Copy work. Also all Supplies for Printing Form Letters. MITTAG & VOLGER, Inc. PARK RIDGE, NEW JERSEY MANUFACTURERS FOR THE TRADE ONLY Whitmore Mfg. Co. HOLYOKE, MASS. MANUFACTURE BEST GRADES OF Surface Coated PAPERS AND CARD BOARD Especially adapted for Lithographing and Three-color Work. We acknowledge it the best at every test — the leading printers of the United States. Acme Ink Reducer A Reducer and Dryer Combined. Acme Ink Reducer will readily mix with any kind without injuring the solid cuts, 01 celled, bee — kinds), c - - - „ - ,, large type, Acme Ink Reducer is un- _ ause it prevents pulling or peeling of id distributes the ink freely and uniforrr paper and distributes the ink freely and uniform producing the required amount of color at ever hing does the business like Acme Ink Reducer _ ie World’s Best. Used and endorsed by all leading printers everywhere. Send us a description of your requirements for a sample, sufficient for a trial, free postpaid. ACME COMPOUND CO.. Elkhart. Ind., U.S.A. The B. A. Machine Works Repairing of Printers’ & Binders’ Machinery a specialty 200 S. Clinton St., CHICAGO Black and Colours For Printing Ink, Carbon Paper, etc. Soluble in Oils, Wax, Resin, etc . WILLIAMS BROS. & CO. HOUNSLOW, ENGLAND OUR NEW IMPROVED §I>i)at>tng jftlms Are Guaranteed to Remain Transparent , are Deep and Do Not Smudge. CIjc American pairing; Jilacljtne Co. 164-168 Rano St., Buffalo, N.Y., U.S.A. CARBON BLACK Godfrey L. Cabot BOSTON, MASS. ECLIPSE. DIAMOND. ELF. B. B.B. ACME. OPENS WITH THE FOOT Ihs Justrite Oily Waste Can TED by the NATIC and Listed by their thJf o^bvSIs^rde^re Jo T/ocJ^e ^er^p^jhereC FOR SALE by leading printers’ supply houses and hardware THE JUSTRITE COMPANY 218 Lake Street CHICAGO, U. S. A. TWO CAMPBELL DOCBLE-ENDERS^wo). . INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. TABLE OF CONTENTS -JULY, 1909, iissi si ssissii smssssissssss iisisssss tmmmsmm s mmm issssssssssl BOOKS AND UTILITIES ■pc THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 120-130 Sherman St., CHICAGO 1729 Tribune Building, NEW YORK PAMPHLET GIVING CONTENTS OF EACH BOOK MAILED ON REQUEST 640 r Many a printer Has developed A well-paying business And An enviable reputation By the use of Doubletones and Ullmanines On Booklets, Catalogues And high-grade work in general. Do not wait too long To bid for your share. Nor spoil your chances With inferior imitations. Sigmund Ullman Co. Inventors and Sole Manufacturers of Doubletone Inks and Ullmanines New York Chicago Philadelphia ^oes , if is pro nounced. me true basis for fine printing Distrilutors of “BUTLER BRANDS' STANDARD PAPER CO., - BENEDICT PAPER CO.. - - SOUTHWESTERN PAPER CO- SOUTHWESTERN PAPER CO. PACIFIC COAST PAPER CO„ SIERRA PAPER CO- OAKLAND PAPER CO.. - MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN CENTRAL MICHIGAN PAPER CO.. - GRAND RAPIDS. MICH. - KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI MUTUAL PAPER CO- ----- SEATTLE. WASH. - - DALLAS, TEXAS AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO- - - SPOKANE. WASH. - HOUSTON. TEXAS AMERICAN TYRE FOUNDERS CO- - - VANCOUVER, B. C. - SAN FRANCISCO. CAL. NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE CO- - NEW YORK CITY - LOS ANGELES. CAL. NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE CO- CITY OF MEXICO. MEXICO - - OAKLAND. CAL. NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE CO- CITY OF MONTEREY. MEXICO NATIONAL PAPER 6 1 TYPE CO . HAVANA. CtJBA eJ.V.Bufler Paper Company.. » Chicago 5-1 641 642 In the advertising of Old Hampshire Bond we are working toward the better¬ ment of the quality of paper used in business correspond¬ ence and literature. We are showing the buyers of print¬ ing that quality should be considered first, cost afterward. In suggesting to your customer you are educating him along the right lines. Good printing, good paper and good prices are closely allied. That which makes for one makes for the other. We are working together, or we should be, for our interests are mutual. Hampshire Paper Company The only paper makers in the world making Bond Paper exclusively South Hadley Falls, Mass. 643 The Duplex Single-Plate Rotary THIS is the latent and in many respects the mo£t remarkable product of the Duplex Works. Hitherto there has been upon the market no thoroughly satisfactory machine for printing daily newspapers with circulations or with number of pages too large for our Duplex Flat-Bed Press, but too small to justify the great initial cod and the expense of operation of a metropolitan outfit. The only presses available for this large class of daily papers were handicapped by the expensive necessity of duplicate plates, and when printing more than eight pages, of reducing speed one-half, because of the necessity of collecting the sheets. Furthermore, these presses, in order to print more than eight pages, mud cut the web before it enters the folder, and thereafter carry the severed sheets by tapes, thus introducing the serious liability, inseparable from a tape-carrying device, of irregularity of movement and clogging of folder, with consequent loss of Duplex Printing Press Company Ba“'uCrs”A.M,'h' DUPLEX SINGLE-PLATE 16-PAGE PRESS An additional section may at any time be added, making a 20-page press time and paper and frequent breakage of the machine. Another mod serious objection to all these presses is the fac5l that none of them are capable of printing 1 4 or 18 page papers. In the Duplex Single-Plate Rotary all these disabilities and objections are removed. It prints any even number of pages, up to the full capacity of the press, from single plates and at full speed. And not only so, but because of their peculiar construction the plates themselves may each be made lighter than those of other presses. All these great advantages are secured by the introduction of tubular plates , an entirely new feature in newspaper presses. FOUR of these machines were sold, without solicitation and without advertising, before the first one was completed Duplex Single-Plate 16-page Rotary Press as Compared with Others in'] All at HALF speed; JQ L claimed 10,000 per 10 J 8?000?raCtlCally Duplex Single-Plate Press 324') All at FULL speed; 405 20,000 per hour — ^ may be run at 25,000 f if desired. All with 567 book fold and with- 648 J nut collecting. The Duplex is the only practical 16-page press that can print 14 pages, the only 20-page press that can print either 14 or 18 pages, and the only 16 or 20 page press that can print more than half its maximum number of pages at more than half speed. The Seybold Four- Rod Embosser With Mechanical Feeding Device Built 22x28, 26x33, 28x38 and 32x42 inches. We guarantee absolutely perfect register at a speed of from 850 to 1,350 impressions per hour, depend¬ ing upon the size and style of sheet being handled. lllllllllllllllllllHlllllHHIIIllll Writo to 1 | THE SEYBOLD MACHINE COMPANY Main Office and Factory, DAYTON, OHIO NEW YORK CHICAGO :: SAN FRANCISCO The J. L. Morrison Co. F. A. Venney & Co. J. H. Schroeter & Bro. Canadian-American Mchry. Co. Canada Agents Southwestern and Mexican Agents Southern Agents European Agents Toronto Dallas, Texas Atlanta, Georgia London, E. C., England 645 "SSiiS£ Some of R. HOE & CO.S IMPROVED MACHINERY For Printing, Stereotyping, Electrotyping and Photoengraving The latest and best at moderate prices 504-520 Grand St., NEW YORK 646 Cutting Machines Exclusively For Paper, Litho¬ graphs, Books, Boxes, Board, Cloths, Tin Foil, Leather, etc., etc. The Oswego : The 'Brown & Carver : The Ontario One of the Ninety Rigidly constructed and easily worked £> Oswego Lever Cutter 0 Four sizes : 23-inch 26-inch 30-inch 32-inch DO YOU KNOW THAT AT OSWEGO there is an organization of experts who think of nothing else but cutting machines; who, with the advantage of over a third of a century’s experi¬ ence, are devoting their entire energies to the problem of cutting accurately and with the least expenditure for power, and within the minimum floor space, any kind of material or manufacture? To do this there are NINETY different sizes and styles of OSWEGO Cutters, each one with several improvements on no other, and one of these NINETY OSWEGO Cutters has features exactly adapted to your special needs. A constant study of the latest demands of the trade, not only in the United States but also in Europe, and the immediate adoption of any feature that increases the efficiency of these cutters insure your always having the advantage of the latest practices and the latest improvements whenever you buy a BROWN & CARVER or OSWEGO Cutter. Starting with the 16-inch OSWEGO Bench Cutter and going up to an 84-inch Automatic Clamp Cutter, these machines are made Automatic Clamp, Semi-Auto Clamp, Hand Clamp, Small Power, Hand-Wheel Drive, Hand Lever, Bench Lever and Die-Cutting Presses, with many special production-increasing attachments, and are all generally in finished stock ready. OSWEGO MACHINE WORKS NIEL GRAY, JR., Proprietor OSWEGO . . . NEW YORK NEW YORK BRANCH, 150 Nassau Street WALTER S. TIMMIS, Manager CHICAGO BRANCH, 347 Dearborn Street J. M. IVES, Manager The only factory making Cutting Machines exclusively, and the only one making a complete line of Cutting Machines. GET IN TOUCH WITH US— YOU WILL BE GLAD OF IT. The 1909 Catalogue is a little different. 647 2d Announcement The Unitype Here is a typesetting machine with which a single operator can set 3500 ems of justified matter an hour. It may be purchased for but $1500, payable in three years’ time; or leased for five years at a small monthly rental. We have arranged with the largest typefounders in the United States to supply for it the latest and most popular faces, at prices hitherto unheard of; while with the machine we give Four Hundred Pounds of specially cast body-type. The printer never before has had such an oppor¬ tunity to make a high-class, high-earning, investment at so small a cost. With this machine he can set the bulk of his work for less money than is possible with the line or type casting composing machines now in general use; and his product, being 'printed from foundry type, will give far better satisfaction. Through the transaction we have just completed with important financial and practical interests, we are enabled to offer the trade such a chance to cut its costs as it has seldom seen. Whatever may have been your past views, it will now be necessary, in the light of what we can show you, to reconsider the entire subject of machine composition. Wood & Nathan Company 1 Madison Avenue, NEW YORK CITY 648 Three Points ? ! . To enjoy your food your plate must be accessible. To print with pleasure on an offset lithograph press the plate must be equally as convenient. The Harris plate is. Handy blankets are appreciated in a happy home. (Not in August, however.) The blanket cylinder on a Harris Offset Press is unhampered by mechan¬ ical contrivances which are in the way of the pressman. Every one likes to be clean, even a press. The impression cylinder on a Harris Offset Press is not tucked away where it gathers dirt, dust and rust, and can not be easily cleaned, but is out in the open, free from obstructions, within easy reach of the pressman (right in front of him) where it can be easily cleaned — a necessity on an offset press. These are three Harris points. Here are three more ? ! . Which interpreted mean, ask — you will be sur¬ prised — convinced— and finally buy a Harris. We have some more points. THE HARRIS AUTOMATIC PRESS CO. CHICAGO OFFICE factory NEW YORK OFFICE Manhattan Building NILES, OHIO 1579 Fulton 649 650 THE BABCOCK PRINTING PRESS MANUFACTURING CO., NEW LONDON, CONNECTICUT New York Office, 38 Park Row. John Haddon & Co. Agents, London. Miller & Richard, Canadian Agents, Toronto, Ontario. BARNHART BROS. & SPINDLER, WESTERN AGENTS, 183-187 MONROE STREET, CHICAGO Great Western Type Foundry. Kansas City, Missouri; Great Western Type Foundry, Omaha, Nebraska; Minnesota Type Foundry Co.. St. Paul, Minnesota; St. Louis Printers Supply Co., St. Louis, Missouri; Southern Printers Supply Co., Washington, District Columbia; The Barnhart Type Foundry Co., Dallas, Texas; National Paper & Type Co., City of Mexico, Vera Cruz, Monterrey, and Havana, Cuba. On the Pacific Coast— Pacific Printers Supply Company, Seattle, Wash. The Babcock Optimus The Babcock Optimus Speed, register, distribution and strength; and the Greatest of these is Strength. No matter what perfections lie elsewhere, rigidity is the first of many qualities required in a printing press. If it does not practically offer inflexi¬ bility under impressional strains it must be unsatisfactory on the hard and heavy work now found everywhere. It will give inferiority, and the inferiority will cost more than it should because of the struggle to wrest from the machine something in does not possess. In our printed matter we illustrate the section through the impression line of an Optimus of medium size. It shows the six tracks, and hints of the size, weight and strength of the center-girt, the main support to impression below the bed, upon which they rest. Its equal in strength does not exist in a like press, nor can it be attained. Driving motions and available space prevent. A two-revolution cylinder must be lifted. The manner of doing it is the difference between superlative and comparative strength. Every other two- revolution has its cylinder boxes loose in the side-frames. They slide up and down, carrying the cylinder as it lifts and lowers. Such cylinders are not fixed. Opposed to this the Optimus cylinder boxes are a part of the side-frames, fixed and immovable, and hold the cylinder with great strength and solidity to im¬ pression. It is the only way to secure extreme rigidity, and avoid the looseness and flexibility inherent in many parts actuated from below the bed. Again we refer you to our printed matter where we have space enough to fully explain the above, and to tell you of other things that make for a rigid press; wherein we tell you not only of the strongest press made, but of one in which every printing quality is as superior as its strength; we show you by language and illustration just why the Optimus is the best for the fast, hard and heavy work modern methods have made common, and that the qualities that fit it best for this work make it best for all. These reasons you can understand. We are confident they will appeal to you; for only through them can we account for the most satisfactory year in the history of Optimus manu¬ facture now just closed. The Babcock Optimus 651 AN ECONOMICAL DEMONSTRATION OF HAMILTON’S"'*"'':" COMPOSING-ROOM FURNITURE Let’s be conservative and say a compact modern composing cabinet will save you only 20 per cent of your floor space. That would mean a saving of $4. 80 in rent each year. Worth consideration, isn’t it? Now it will save you, figuring on a very conservative basis, 5. per cent in your labor. That’s good for $41.00 each year, furniture, you will be nothing out. Fill out the attached coupon and mail it to us, and we will have some one show you what can be done in modernizing your office. If we can’t make good our claims, we do not want your order. We will get it, how¬ ever, if you give us the chance we are asking, because ive can make good our claims. Results in the home of the Saturday Evening Post and Ladies Home Journal THE HAMILTON MFG. CO. r Sirs,- The Compos i cacture. By the use , THE HAMILTON MFG. CO. Main Office and Factories . . Eastern Office and Warehouse TWO RIVERS, WIS. . . RAHWAY, N. J. A VALUABLE LINE GAUGE, graduated by picas and nonpareils, mailed free to every inquiring printer. When you buy Hamilton Furniture, you get the best equipment any printer has ever used. Wouldn’t that be a source of satisfaction in itself? We stand ready to show any progressive printing office proprietor that we can save him from 25 to 50 per cent of his floor space and from 10 to 25 per cent in the time of his com¬ position. Isn’t that statement worth investigation? Your floor space is probably worth something like 50 cents per square foot per year; that is about the average in city offices. If you are paying rent, figure it out for yourselves. A composing-room cabinet actually occupies about 12 square feet of floor space. The alleyways and overhang of cases will take about 36 square feet — a total of 48 square feet, represent¬ ing a rent expenditure of about $24.00 per annum. A modern composing-room cabinet will cost you about $80.00 to install. making a total saving of $45.80 by installing one modern com¬ posing-room cabinet. How does it look to you now? Then there is a saving in material which we will leave out of this cal¬ culation. You already have a saving of over 50 per cent each year on the purchase price. It will be more than 100 per cent in many instances. Can you make a better investment? It will be the same with modern Stone Frames, Storage Cabinets, Working Banks and many other pieces of composing- room furniture. Let us show you what others have accomplished by sending you a copy of “Composing-Room Economy.” Look it over, and after you have grasped the idea ask us to show you what we can do with your composing-room. Remember it is up to us to show you. If we can’t make you believe it would be to your interest to install modern 652 When you have been sufficiently misled , by buying imitations of our product, drop us a line. Established 27 years ago. “Togo” Catalog Folder Made by Brown Folding Machine Company ERIE, PA., U. S. A. New York Agencies Chicago Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. 38 Park Row London, W. C., J. Collis & Sons, 355 Dearborn Street 42 Regent Square, Gray’s Inn Road 653 The Fechs & Lang Mfg. Co. Machinery 29 Warren Street : : NEW YORK 328 Dearborn Street : : : CHICAGO 150 N. Fourth Street. PHILADELPHIA 44 High Street : : : : : BOSTON Factory : : RUTHERFORD. N. J. Supplies for Lithographers and Printers Emmerich & Vonderlehr Machinery The McKinley Perfection Distributing Roller IF YOU HAVE NOT TRIED ONE, LET US SEND YOU ONE ON THIRTY DAYS’ TRIAL A FEW TESTIMONIALS wr alj their presses fi MANUFACTURERS of HIGH-GRADE PRINTING INKS 654 655 EVERY TIME a business man makes the acquaintance of (Hortbmore Bond ( it has the crackle ) that paper makes a firm friend. Its success as a medium-priced, high-grade, satisfactory paper (with serviceability in every sheet and a wide range of colors and weights from which to choose) is due to the fact that it is better than anything we can say of it ! It proves more than we claim — for its good qualities have a way of surprising those who thought they knew them all ! (The samples we gladly send you will show why the sales are going up steadily.) The Whitaker Paper Company CINCINNATI, OHIO, and NASHVILLE, TENN. BAY STATE PAPER COMPANY BOSTON, MASS., and NEW YORK, N. Y. ■ 111 ■ PROGRESSIVE HALF-TONE BLACK THE BLACK INK OF QUALITY Without an Equal Slialntamt Printing Ink (£o. Main Office and Factory, ST. LOUIS = DEPOTS = 415 Dearborn Street, . . . CHICAGO, ILL. 1509 Jackson Street, .... OMAHA, NEB. 400 Broadway . KANSAS CITY, MO. 222 North Second Street, . NASHVILLE, TENN. HE 656 igpiplS ■Ml MS& 1 CINCINNATI • NEW YORK • CHICAGO ST LOUIS • BUFFALO PHILADELPHIA • MINNEAPOLIS • SAN FRANCISCO • TORONTO HAVANA CITY OF MEXICO • BUENOS AIRES LONDON THE AULT & WIBORG CO.’S DUPLEX. SEPIA, G. S. 831-14. No matter what type of machinery you are operating, or what your require¬ ments are, “The KOHLER SYSTEM” will increase its output For the electrical operation of the small rotary or flat-bed presses and newspaper web perfecting presses, the MULTIPLE PUSH-BUTTON AUTOMATIC SPEED CONTROL is a reliable system, simple in operation, easy to install, and should be considered as an investment — not a luxury. Here are only a few reasons why “The Kohler System” should have your earnest investigation: Saving of Time — Because the operator has instant, automatic and absolutely correct control from the nearest push-button station. Saving of Material — Because waste is avoided by prevention of mis¬ takes in operation. Increase of Production — Because of rapidity in making the machine ready, quick stopping when required, and eliminating waste material. Saving of Power — Because of the minimum amount necessary to start the machinery, and the graduated increase of speed. Protection of Machinery — Because danger of injury is eliminated by doing away with jars or jerks, and by automatic stopping in case of mechanical troubles. Protection of Men from Injury — Because the operator, when working on movable parts of the machinery, can always protect himself by pushing the “SAFE” switch. Remember, “The Kohler System” will meet the most exacting demands of every known form of machine which requires precise , accurate , instant and infallible control. Tell us the kind of machinery you use, its make, size, and the voltage of your power circuit, and we will send bulletins describing how we operate it. KOHLER BROTHERS CHICAGO Main Offices, 277 Dearborn St. NEW YORK OFFICE LONDON OFFICE 1 Madison Avenue 56 Ludgate Hill, E.C. 5-2 657 We stand back of all our machines. Buying Dexter Machinery is an absolutely safe investment. You take no risk. Southern Agent : Dodson Printers’ Supply Company, Atlanta Dexter Folder Company 200 Fifth Ave., New Yokk 315 Dearborn St., Chicago Southern Agent: Dodson Printers’, Supply Company. Atlanta Our guarantee covers quality — quantity an unapproached service and complete satisfaction. Let us work with you. Dexter Folder Company Everything Depends - — on the - Cost of Production Production cost governs the job printer’s selling price and profit. Reduce your cost and thereby increase your profit. We guarantee 25 per cent greater and better product from the Golding Jobber Three Golding Jobbers will do the work of four crank- action presses. Its users are willing to prove it to you. Can you afford to pay four men where it only takes three? You are simply throwing away time and money. You are losing profits. IV i e Guarantee Results. Ask us, or ask your dealer to send you a Golding Jobber of the size preferred, subject to thirty days’ trial and return if not satisfactory. Golding Mfg. Co., Franklin , Mass. Printing, Embossing, Stamping, Cutting and Creasing Presses, Paper, Card, Lead and Rule Cutters, etc. ■ ■ The Jaenecke on our Label means Excellence and Unvarying Quality, and a Guarantee that we stand back of. THE JAENECKE PRINTING INKS are known the world over, and are recognized by those who appreciate uniform quality. The price is right. The quality is always right. THE JAENECKE PRINTING INK CO. Main Office and Work., NEWARK, N. J. CHICAGO OFFICE, 351 Dearborn Street NEW YORK PHILADELPHIA ST. LOUIS ■ ■ 660 How to Save Money Though a Printer IF the printer will stop to consider, there’s more money lost in his “ make-up ” department than through any other channel. You handicap speed by “old methods.” You blame the make-up man for loss of time. The fault is yours. You can not expect to cultivate the same number of acres with a stick plow and oxen as your competitor who is alert and equipped with modern utensils. Modern methods mean convenient facilities and increased production. Your Make-up is the one great leak that should be investigated by the progressive printer. The printer with The Rouse System can stop the leakage. You ask, “What will all this cost ?” Modern “ make-up” methods are an investment — not an expense. The question is, will you give up the old for the new F Your competitors use modern equipment — that’s why they do business with profit; they can figure on an “estimate” intelligently; they know how much to allow for quick make¬ up. Speed and convenient equipment are two essential necessities. Suppose you let us submit an estimate showing the exact cost of properly equipping your plant. The Rouse System of Hooks and Bases is a Dollars and Brains proposition — and it’s worth your investigation. MADE ONLY BY H. B. ROUSE & CO. 61-63 WARD STREET, CHICAGO Originators of Point-System Bases 661 E. C. FULLER COMPANY Fisher Building 28 Reade Street Works CHICAGO NEWYORK new haven, conn. Fuller Folders and Feeders FULLER AUTOMATIC FEEDER FOR PRINTING PRESS We guarantee an increase in production of ten to twenty-five per cent over hand feeding, absolutely perfect register and a saving in wastage of paper. We make Automatic Feeders for all kinds of machines designed to handle paper in sheets. THOUSANDS IN SUCCESSFUL OPERATION. FULLER COMBINATION JOBBING FOLDER Handles sheets from 12 inches by 16 inches to 38 inches by 50 inches in any weight of paper without wrinkling or buckling. Folds and delivers 8, 12, 16, 24 and 32 pages. Book or Periodical Imposition. Also long 16’s, 24’s and 32’s two or more “on.” 662 The Smyth Gluing Machine MADE BY SMYTH MFG. CO., HARTFORD, CONN. Built on scientific and practical principles. Uses hot or cold glue, paste, dextrine or mucilage. Absolutely uniform application of any of the above materials. Automatic delivery of glued or pasted fabric, moist side up to conveyor. Simple, Rapid and Effective. SOLE SELLING AGENTS CHICAGO E. C. FULLER COMPANY NEW YORK The White Rapid Powerful Accurate Automatic Clamp Hand Clamp Foot Clamp chTcago E. C. FULLER COMPANY 28 Reade Street NEW YORK 663 Strathmore Talks ( Introductory ) Beginning with the next issue of this maga¬ zine we are going to run each month a series entitled “Strathmore Talks.” It is our intention to make these talks strong and alive on the value and advantages of good printing and good paper. We shall aim to give practical selling arguments that can be used with buyers of printing. Our experience has been varied and long, and while our talks may not all contain new ideas, certainly there will be some things worth reading. If at any time our line of argument is impractical for actual appli¬ cation, or there are points not mentioned, we should be glad to be set right. t[ These talks will necessarily hinge on the “Strathmore Quality 9 9 brands of Book, Cover and Writing Papers, than which we ourselves and many others are thoroughly convinced there are no papers of their classes better adapted for high-grade commercial and social work. The papers are shown in the “Strathmore Quality ’ ’ sample books, and as reference will be made to these, you better let us know if you haven’t the set. They are for responsible employing printers, advertising agents, etc. MITTINEAGUE PAPER COMPANY MITTINEAGUE, MASS., U. S. A. The “ STRATHMORE QUALITY” Mills Electric Drive IN PRINTERIES is better than any other drive because it allows absolute control, is always ready for use, does not keep light out of the shop, and is efficient, reliable and economical. Send for Bulletin No. 2294. SPRAGUE ELECTRIC COMPANY 527-531 West Thirty-fourth St., CITY OF NEW YORK BRANCH OFFICES IN PRINCIPAL CITIES THIS FALL Reliaitce The Reliable Proof Press We haven't yet heard of one of these presses whir* has Wed " for- with the old established engravers. " Why get a new one," they say, "When the old one is still good as new ? " Let us tell you who some Paul Shniedewend & Co. cmuGoac.k!°un.s!vA: l^.%c^ocs°E^o: :::: GALLY IMPROVED UNIVERSAL PRESSES 17* chase. The largest Platen Printing- Press in the World. 30 x 44 inside chase. The Largest in the World. 4 Styles Printi 3 Styles Ei Stami — 3 Pres; Press m: ■ IMPROVED STYLES - Embosser No. I. i, Embosser No. 2, Stamper No. 3, side chase, - 2 1 M Sold by all reputable dealers in the world THE NATIONAL MACHINE CO., 111-135 Sheldon Street, Hartford, Conn., U.S.A. SOLE MANUFACTURERS 665 THE TUCKER AUTOMATIC REGISTER GAGE FOR PLATEN PRESSES / each sheet to a i Is put on c gripper; is aim r pressroom can not it of the speed of the :ases the output. taken off instantly; works wit! ist indestructible. Made in two i Price, $3.00 1 FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS AND TUCKER FEEDER COMPANY 1 Madison Avenue . NEW YORK Let Old Mill Rond Sell Itself For You Show your next letter-head customer samples of OLD MILL BOND. Let him put it to every test he can think of for strength and durability — have him compare its style and finish with bond papers far higher priced. You will find that OLD MILL BOND sells itself without fail — and it’s the paper that nets you the biggest profits. mE MOIL ©(MI We are Mill agents — not jobbers We sell to you direct from the mill at the same price the jobber buys his paper. We sell Old Mill Bond in case lots only. This is another advantage to you. It cuts out the competition of irresponsible printers, keeps down the price and gives you a reliable stock to fill orders promptly. Send us your name on a postal. We will send you a complete line of samples of Old Mill Bond as well as of other grades of Cady case lot paper. Look for our advertisements in the standard magazines and the leading national publications. These ads. teach business men to demand Old Mill Bond. Cady Paper Co. P? 314 K Tacoma Bldg. CHICAGO More than thirty years’ experience in building Photo - Engraving Electrotyping and Stereotyping Machinery enables us to offer the most improved line of Printers’ Plate-making Machinery. We also handle a full and complete line of Photo-Engravers’ Material and Supplies, including Chemicals. Our 1909 Catalogue for Photo-Engravers is now ready. WILLIAMS -LLOYD MACHINERY CO. Headquarters for Photo - Engravers’ Supplies CHICAGO UNITED PRINTING MACHINERY COMPANY SUPERIORITY DETAILED. t.FMKE F ARING Pat. Sept. 22-’03. 24365 The “New Era” Typograph Numberer fPLEST AND STRONGEST MADE IN LENGTH AND $7.50 K— 6-wheel, ’ & } $9.50 Engraved Steel Wheels. Made by the Olde For Sale and in Stock by all the Typefounder direct from WM. A. FORCE & CO., Ii SAID THE OLD MAN toTHE BOY “The only Book Ink which has given satisfaction to your father, my father, you and me.” 1925 South St., - - Cincinnati 345 Dearborn St., - - Chicago 147 Pearl St., - Boston 1 1 th and Hamilton St., Philadelphia 316 Fifth Ave., South, - Minneapolis THE QUEEN CITY PRINTING INK CO. 667 Thoroughly Dependable Printing Equipment is most essential to the economical and prosperous printer. The Peerless Job Presses and Cutters are of the dependable construction; they require the least repairs of any make on to-day’s market. OUR ILLUSTRATED BOOKLET tells an interesting story of how these machines are made and what they will do. Ask for it. * For Sale by the Principal Dealers in the United States. PEERLESS-GEM LEVER PAPER CUTTER FOUR SIZES PEERLESS PRINTING PRESS CO. The Cranston Works, 70 Jackson Street, PALMYRA, N. Y„ U. S. A. Lieber’s and A-B-C 5th Edition Codes. of all Blocks used in America for hold¬ ing and registering plates are made by WeseL Every buyer should know why. Send for “ BLOCKS : What Those Who Print from Plates Should Know About Blocks.” By the only firm that makes all kinds of Plate-holding Blocks. ’■fpSHE'F1' A Big Step Forward Wesel sums up forty-three years’ experience in the new Wesel Reversible Narrow-margin Register Hook. It is simplicity, in two pieces. The catch may be reversed— a great convenience. It is the only Hook with a Reversible Catch. With hooks abutting, plates as narrow as /^-inch may be held safely — this has been impossible hitherto. The catch is moved by an H-inch worm-screw, larger than on any other hook, giving the maximum strain resistance. The catch moves one point for each maximum turn of lever. The New WESEL is the Best Register Hook For a quick-action hook, combined with facilities for exact register, the new Wesel Combination Ratchet and Register Hook is recommended. The ratchet wheel moves with the catch. The catch is brought to the plate quickly with a curved ratchet which does not scratch the sections and requires no groove to work in. The final fine register is obtained by a lever in holes drilled in recess behind the ratchet, thus giving the narrowest margin obtainable on a ratchet hook. Always — IVesel Accuracy and Durability. F. WESEL MFC. CO. MtoTcL^£ll Brooklyn, N.Y. Largest complete Providers for Printers , Electrotypers , Stereotypers and Photo-Engravers in the world. Wesel’s THE PEERLESS PERFORATOR IT is distinguished for the rapidity and perfection of its work, makes a clean and thorough perforation at a high rate of speed, and is adjustable to a wide range in the thickness of the stock it will perforate. A.G.BURTON’S SON 155 to 159 South Clinton Street CHICAGO, ILL., U.S.A. E. C. FULLER CO., | ~ 28 Reade St., New York P0115 tastem Agents THE J. L. MORRISON CO., Sole Agents for Canada JOHN DICKINSON & CO., Agents for South Africa and India Over 35,000 Chandler & ">4 Price Gordons Sold This is remarkable, but listen: Of the more than 35,000 Presses sold and delivered by this Company, not one has ever been returned to the factory as defective in material or workmanship. We have sold more than 22,000 Presses since the beginning of this century — less than nine years. As printers’ requirements become more exacting, Chandler & Price Presses become more in demand. As economy becomes more necessary, the sales of Chandler & Price Presses increase ; as the necessity to get work out quickly increases, the popularity of Chandler & Price Presses increases. No radical changes in essential principles have been made in the Chandler & Price Jobber, but a refinement in manufacturing has gone on with development in manu¬ facturing processes. The CHANDLER & PRICE COMPANY Makers ' - CLEVELAND, OHIO -"= U. S. A. 670 Use Modern Equipment ! KIMBLE VARIABLE-SPEED SINGLE -PHASE A. C. PRESS MOTORS We are the originators of Variable-Speed A. C. Motors Stop your kicking and get a Kimble Variable-Speed S. P. A. C. Motor and increase your output. - - PRICE — — - lA- h. p., $52.00 Ys h. p., $60.00 '/i h. p. , $85.00 % h. p., $100.00 1 h. p., $110.00 1 Yz h. p., $130.00 Guaranteed Two Years. Send for Catalogue “ P.” KIMBLE ELECTRIC CO. 324-326 West Washington Boulevard, CHICAGO, ILL. The Greatest “Roman” of Them All! PERFECTION No. 12 Manufactured by THE J. L. MORRISON CO. A. G. MACKAY. Proprietor 143 WORTH STREET - - - NEW YORK, U. S. A. Chicago Toronto London, Eng. Leipzig, Ger. The most powerful Wire Stitching Machine in the World. Size of Pulley, 15 inches. Weight, Net, 480 pounds. Capacity, ^ to \'/z thickness. Flat work only. Takes Wire 18 to 24 Gauge. Weight, Crated, 730 pounds. Size of Table, 26 by \2Yz inches. Floor Space, 3 by 3 feet. per Minute. MAKE-READY HELP WHEN every cut in the form is true and type-high, make-ready is half done. The HOERNER Combination Shute-Board and Type- Iligh Machine quickly reduces cuts to type height, corrects warped and uneven blocks, straightens edges, cuts miters, trims leads, slugs and rule. It keeps busy saving time and trouble for its owner. You can very soon save its cost ($35), to say nothing of its help¬ fulness in turning out uniformly good Work. Enough Chases A big chase for a little form wastes time and often impairs quality of work. With McGREAL Chases you have a chase to fit any form, and at a price less than the cost of a few regular steel chases. For example, twelve pairs popular lengths of McGreal Chases form sixty-six different sizes of chases and cost only $65.60 — less than $1.00 per chase. It will pay you to send for a circular and get posted. MANUFACTURED BY THE CHALLENGE MACHINERY CO GRAND HAVEN, MICHIGAN, U. S. A. 671 $10,000 to Make This Trade-Mark Valua- ble to You. The Buckeye “Suggestion Campaign” starts this month. The- initial expenditure will be $10,000 — but it isn’t the amount that is important, so much as the way we are going to spend it. The purpose of our advertising will be, not to help you sell Buckeye Cover instead of some other stock, but to increase your business. The Buckeye “ Suggestion Campaign ” will make orders grow where there were no orders before. It will create new users of cover stock, will bring new , profitable , non¬ competitive business to every progressive printer who will take advantage of the opportunities created by our work. If you want to know how we are going to accomplish this, and how you are to get your share of the benefit, send us your name, and watch .our future announcements in this space. In the meantime, you will find it a good move to familiarize yourself thoroughly with the various, colors, weights and finishes in the Buckeye Line. List of Jobbers in any recent Inland Printer. Get samples from nearest to-day, or write direct to The Beckett Paper Company Makers of Good Paper in Hamilton, Ohio, since 1848 672 The Reason Why Hundreds of printers have asked why the American Type Founders Company ceased to advertise its type faces through trade papers and practically otherwise during the pa£t year. The answer is solely because its foundries have been so crowded with work that it has had to “back order” extensively, and while work¬ ing full time last summer and piling up millions of pounds, and working 56 hours all winter, it was not able to keep up with its orders for weight fonts. It advertised in Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Chicago and St. Louis papers for type foundry employees, and hired every experienced person it could get and is training over 60 apprentices. It made one large addition to its foundry a year ago; another 6 months ago and will complete 30,000 square feet additional September 1st, and will then add 50 more apprentices. Over 60 of its machines have been continuously at work on Cheltenham Family alone. In the case of 1 2 point Chelten¬ ham Bold, it had accumulated last summer 1 5,000 pounds of this one size, and while running several machines continuously on that size it was compelled to “back order” through the winter. With the big addition to the plant and the number of type foundry employees it has been enabled to engage and the apprentices it is training, it will again renew its usual amount of advertising in trade papers and otherwise. Look out for the new faces that are coming along. American Type Founders Co. 5-3 673 60 Point 3 A $5 80 5a $4 20 $10 00 3 A $4 40 5a $3 10 $7 50 ^an^Myme ^Di (mce/di(mb 3 A $2 90 10a $3 60 $6 50 4 A $2 65 10a $2 85 $5 50 £Rema/iJcaYl&^ MelAcd 4 A $2 05 14a $2 95 $5 00 iJtece/btimi ^invOfietiAvt/ 18 Point 6 A $2 00 19 a $2 50 $4 50 8 A $175 23a $2 00 $3 75 12 Point 8 A $140 32a $2 15 $3 55 YZemebwtnewY Mii€$ 0tuiAo€€€£' £Pec€*/eMiefr CY?tY/y<'tt Q)hecY SfYbcY S/ie/ioth 'WfiW /faYticYic (YenwnsYittYiat/ YJYec/e^mu:/ gPitfccYiaAecf . ^dmeHcun ^ficwMcYekb (9’ti of/t e((i (A/wwn/ ^((ttniri/ta/y (jPeettiide^ yfn/y/i iacdcaf yeft&fiAew (Peccitd Pfflcoi' r(?cmnH>)cia/ ((offtnef r(Jf/flfo HPiebidetti (fa/ui' band, PPleetMilet/ (£7te £/( irniofn i anWom/tantj ’ic Q}ti/d ,an<( 9P(cne' 'tobubAeWi' ((in itif/ -// (ae/ ine 9ca/iiiai &ioc& $800, OOO (Pui/i/tti $200,000 Q}efft(c in *t *w( (/(srlnwn (/(teefo £Puiti£y3(/.9P/iebman', PPke&ideni (y o/ui So. f MeMceb/, £fiea&t€foety 7 7 2/i wr/i^fiawtw, ((rJa&/iiei' (9 UPte&ideni ii ''/(ott^fon 2dan$ &*Wiynfy(ffl.&fieeniywn/ tJ$an(' rrnf/c((cnnn<>ici\\\vcro-^rovTrt^.. *\^cro ESTABLISHED 1830 To the Trade: We beg to announce a new Coes Knife which we are selling as our“New Process” Knife. We have been supplying this knife in its improved form for over a year to our largest customers with the best results. It is sold on our regular list at no advance in price. Following our established habit of raising quality to the customer at no extra expense to him. COES’ RECORDS First to use Micrometer in Knife work (1890). First to absolutely refuse to join the Trust (1893) . First to use special steels for paper work (1894). First to use a special package (1901). First to print and sell by a “printed in figures” Price¬ list (1904). First to make first-class Knives, any kind (1830 to 1905). COES Is Always Best ! Same package. Same warrant. Ask us. Loring Coes & Co. Worcester, Massachusetts f; ?j *P{ 3 p. 8 f, ' T BP k | ff C O k 8 i i&l k 8 i ? * 1&1 k ? \ *pi New York Office — G. V. ALLEN, 21 Murray Street THE CHAMBERS Paper Folding Machines Double -Sixteen Folder with Automatic Feeder An accurate machine of especial value on long edition work. Among several sizes our customers find No. 528 is adjustable for 90 per cent of all such work in ordinary binderies. The machine folds sheets from 40 x 54 to 1 9 x 26 inches, giving a folded page ranging from 1 0 x 1 3 j/2 to A3A x 6/2 inches. All desirable modern appliances. Accurate, reliable work guaranteed. Chambers Brothers Co. Fifty-second and Media Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Chicago Office : : : 59 West Jackson Boulevard 678 A LETTER FROM YOU will insure your receiving a set of these books. And if we were you we certainly would write that letter. THE BOOKS are as fine as they look and better. The papers are as good as you ever saw and the illustrations in keeping with the quality and character of the stock. It doesn’t make any difference how big a concern you represent or how prolific of ideas you may be, you need the books. THE BOOKS are only for responsible firms in the printing, advertising and designing business, and will be distributed by express from the mill only. Agents will not have a supply for distribution, but will be glad to forward requests. WORONOCO PAPER CO. WORONOCO, MASS., U. S. A. 679 THE PAY-ROLL PAYS FOR W(\t jfalcotr automatic platen fhrss Will automatically feed, print and de¬ liver any weight of stock from onion¬ skin to cardboard. Feeds from the top of the pile. Speed, 3,500 per hour. Prints from flat forms. No expert required. Absolute register. Some of the Users Ashby Printing Co. . . Erie, Pa. Wilbert Garrison Co., New York Braceland Bros. . . Philadelphia Baker -Vawter Co., Benton Harbor Longaker, Prentice Co., Philadelphia Chamberlain Medicine Co., Des Moines United Drug Co . Boston E. Rugg & Co . Winnipeg Geo. Rice & Sons . Los Angeles Kingsley, Moles & Collins Co., Los Angeles Speaker-Hines Printing Co., Detroit Frank Pickup . New York G. W. Engler . . Mount Vernon Size, inside chase, 18%xl2% inches. Price, $1,750, f. o. b. Factory. express Jfalton platen $ress This press with Automatic Envelope Feed and Delivery is the fastest and most economical press for printing envelopes that has yet been produced. Speed, 4,500 envelopes per hour. The Automatic Envelope Feed Attachment can be removed and the Hand-feed Board substituted in five minutes, when flat sheets can be fed at the speed of 3,000 to 3,500 per hour. Size, inside chase, 10% x 7% inches. Price, $800, f. o. b. Factory. FURTHER PARTICULARS ON APPLICATION TO &uto jfalcon & W&itt Bte Company, Himttrti ( Successors to American Falcon Printing Press Company) OFFICES AND SHOWROOMS Rand-McNally Building, 160 Adams Street, Chicago Factory: DOVER. N. H. GENERAL WESTERN SELLING AGENT JX. PACIFIC COAST SELLING AGENTS D. H. Champlin, 342 Rand-McNally Building, Chicago, Illinois. \jr Geo. Rice & Sons, 350 Los Angeles St., Los Angeles, California. DIE-PRESS PRINTERS All over the world are using the “Waite” Die and Plate Press. Why? Because it is unexcelled in stamping, steel plate, photogravure and bank-note printing, securing the best results from the most delicate and fine-line engraved plates. Inks, wipes and prints at one operation. Has a speed of 1,500 to 2,000 perfect impressions per hour. Uses far less ink than any other like machine on the market. Uses a thirty-five per cent lighter wiping paper than can be used on any other machine. The only die press on the market that will give a hairline register. Any intelligent operator can learn to manipulate the “Waite” Die Press in all its details in a few hours. We want to tell you more about this press. Send for our booklet now. Made in three sizes — 3x2 inches, $825; 5x3 inches, $1,300; 8x4 inches, $1,750 Auto Falcon & Waite Die Press Company, Ltd® (Successors to American Falcon Printing Press Co.) Rand-McNally Building, 160 Adams Street, Chicago Factory at Dover, N. H. Western Selling Agent Pacific Coast Selling Agent D. H. Champlin, Rand-McNally Building, Chicago Geo. Rice, Jr., 350 Los Angeles St., Los Angeles, Cal. Eastern Selling Agent : S. P. Palmer, 346 Broadway, New York City THE LEADING TRADE JOURNAL OF THE WORLD IN THE PRINTING AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES. VOL. XLIII. No. 5. AUGUST, 1909. ( $3.00 per year, in advance. Terms Foreign, $3.85 per year (Canada, $3.60 per year. RECENT IMPROVEMENTS IN STEREOTYPING CURVED PLATES. BY HENRY LEWIS BCLLEN. IFTY years after stereotyp¬ ing by the clay process came into use the papier-mache process was introduced, and the flexibility of the paper matrix made it possible to cast curved plates. Curved plates were first used in America on the New York Tribune- in 1861. Thomas Rooker, the superintendent of that paper, had advocated stereotyping in vain for four years, but a great increase in cir¬ culation, caused by the Civil War, compelled the Tribune to duplicate or triplicate its forms. Thomas Rooker preserved one of the matrices used in making the first set of stereotype plates used on a regular edition in America, and that matrix is now owned by the American Typographic Library and Museum in Jersey City. From 1861 to 1900 the only radical improve¬ ment in stereotyping was the introduction of the matrix-rolling machine, which to an extent made it unnecessary to beat in the matrix with a brush. The inventive mind was otherwise apparently dor¬ mant in this department. In 1900 the method of making curved stereo¬ type plates was revolutionized by the introduction of the Autoplate machine on the New York Herald. That paper frequently casts as many as 2,7 00 full- page curved plates in a single night. The first Autoplate, which the writer had the pleasure of seeing on several occasions in the beginning, was practically perfect. Night after night for months its inventor, Henry A. Wise Wood, stayed by his machine, instructing the operators, overcoming difficulties, and gaining experience on which to base the many improvements found in his later Autoplate machines. The chief object of stereo¬ typing on newspapers is to shorten the time between what happens (the news) and placing the account of it before the readers. The Autoplate very materially shortens the time between closing the forms and starting the presses. It is automatic from the instant the operator places the matrix in the casting-chamber until all the plates required from that matrix are completed. It casts, com¬ pletely finishes and delivers ready for the press plates of one-half inch thickness at the rate of four a minute. When the plate is one-quarter inch thick the rate may be seven a minute. These plates are cooled automatically in the latest type of this machine. It is said that there are twenty- two manual processes in casting a plate by hand in the old fashion, and nineteen of these are auto¬ matically accomplished by the Autoplate. The Autoplate is used in all countries where newspapers have very large circulations. It was followed by the Junior Autoplate, a less expensive machine, which delivers the plates cast, sawed and beveled, after which they are carried to an ordi¬ nary curved shaving machine to be shaved and then finished by hand, or to an Autoshaver, which automatically shaves, trims and cools the plates. This was also invented by Henry A. Wise Wood, who in September, 1908, was awarded the Elliot Cresson gold medal of the Franklin Institute of Pennsylvania for his valuable and original inven¬ tions. The Junior Autoplate is made single and double. A single Junior Autoplate will cast three 682 THE INLAND PRINTER plates a minute, the double apparatus, having two casting-boxes, casts six plates a minute. The Autoshaver is auxiliary to the Junior Autoplate, the two combined accomplishing nearly all the functions of the standard Autoplate. One Auto¬ shaver will finish (shave, trim and cool) the out¬ put of two Junior Autoplates at the rate of six Standard Autoplate, front view, casting, shaving, finishing and cooling curved plates automatically, ready for the press. plates in a minute. The foregoing important inventions are made by the Campbell Company, of which Mr. Wood is president. One of the first difficulties encountered on the Autoplate was the tendency of the matrix to break down under the immense pressure developed in the matrix chamber. The gas-heated matrix-drying machine (“Roaster”) was found necessary to thoroughly dry arid harden the matrix. This machine was invented several years before the Standard Autoplate, rear viev Autoplate, to which it is now a valuable auxiliary. It is manufactured by the F. Wesel Manufacturing Company. The Autoplate stimulated invention in this line. Charles E. Hopkins, a practical stereotyper, seems to have been almost contemporaneous with Wood. His apparatus, however, was not automatic. He was prohibited from manufacturing in the United States by order of the courts, pending decision of the suit of Wood against Hopkins for infringe¬ ment. The Hopkins apparatus is in use in Ger¬ many only. The Goss Printing Press Company came successfully into the market with a patent pump stereotype metal furnace, by which the metal is pumped by hand into Goss’ rocker style casting-boxes. This supplants the old method of filling the casting-boxes with ladles, and each casting-box is so poised that one man can handle boxes which formerly required two men. These pumps are made to supply from one to three casting-boxes. R. Hoe & Co. also makes a patent pump metal furnace with equipoise curved casting- boxes, pumps made to supply from one to three boxes, each box easily handled by one man. The first application of the pump to the metal furnace may be put to Mr. Wood’s credit. It is a marvel Junior Autoplate, or Autoplate No. 2, easting, beveling and sawing curved plates automatically. The plates are shaved, finished and cooled on other apparatus. that in an inventive age fifty years elapsed before any one took steps to abolish the clumsy and slow ladle. There is a parallel instance in typecasting. For four centuries the typefounders poured metal into their hand molds with ladles. In 1838 Bruce invented his casting machine, in which a pump to force metal into the mold was a chief part; and then, when the hand mold was made practically useless, except for making trial casts, an ingenious mind discovered that a pump could be utilized with a hand mold. Consider the millions of little types made in four centuries, each necessitating the pouring of a thimbleful of metal; consider the time that might have been saved if some one had thought of the pump ! “ The saddest words of THE INLAND PRINTER 683 tongue or pen : it might have been.” As it is, we must now rank Henry A. Wise Wood among the illustrious, with Gutenberg, Schoffer, Ged, Stan¬ hope, Konig, Richard March Hoe, Gordon, Del- lagana, Bullock, Ives, Benton and Mergenthaler, each of whom radically advanced the art and craft of letterpress printing by basic inventions, the foundations upon which others may build if they can. The latest invention announced in this field is by Charles E. Hopkins, and styled the one-man semi-automatic stereotyping apparatus. It is designed for use with a pump metal furnace of the type made by Goss or Hoe. The front of the casting-box rocks from the perpendicular position in which it received the metal, to the horizontal position shown in the illustration, as in the Hoe and Goss boxes, carrying the plate with it. The operator shoves the cast and beveled plate onto the finishing cylinder by hand, after which the sawing and shaving operations are automatic. Autoshaver, automatically shaving, trimming and cooling the plates cast on the Junior Autoplate. The plate returns to top of finishing cylinder auto¬ matically, and is lifted to the water-sprayed cool¬ ing cylinder by a hand mechanism. It is claimed that this machine will produce these plates ready for the press, cast, finished and cooled, in two min¬ utes, with one operator. The very latest improvements relate to making the matrices. The original method, still largely used, is to beat the papier-mache into the inter¬ stices of the type-form, after which pressure is applied on a table heated by steam until the mois¬ ture is extracted from the matrix. Beating with a brush is effective but slow, and the matrix-rolling machine was invented to abolish the brush and save time. A rolling pressure is better, as it expels the air between the matrix and form, which direct pressure does not do so satisfactorily. Pressure has been applied to matrix-drying tables by hand wheels for fifty years, and muscle was about as necessary as brains in making a sat¬ isfactory matrix. As the matrix conforms under pressure to the type-form the pressure relaxes and requires to be continually followed up. One manu¬ facturer attempted to operate these tables with steam pressure, but as it could not be made con¬ tinuous, steam failed. Within the past two years the F. Wesel Manufacturing Company has suc¬ cessfully applied pressure to its matrix-drying tables with compressed air. The patent com¬ pressed-air apparatus of the Westinghouse Com¬ pany, manufacturers of air-brakes, is used. The first result is that pressure is applied without manual exertion by simply opening a valve; sec¬ ondly, the pressure is continuously at its maximum until released; thirdly, the pressure ranges from sixty thousand to ninety thousand pounds on a 684 THE INLAND PRINTER type-pa'ge, as required, whereas thirty-five thou¬ sand pounds was the maximum by hand wheel. While the use of the matrix-rolling machines is still advised, it is found that the tremendous pres¬ sure on these new tables produces a satisfactory Hopkins’ one-man semi-automatic stereotyping apparatus, which com¬ pletes a curved plate ready for the press. matrix without rolling, especially if there are few half-tones in the form ; and in the final rush min¬ utes of getting to press the rolling machine is not now used on several large dailies. Tables actuated by compressed air may be heated by any approved method. Hitherto matrix-drying tables have been heated by steam. Not many offices were able to get a Hoe’s Pump Metal Furnace, with Equipoise Curved Casting-boxes sufficient pressure of live steam, especially if the tables were several stories above the boilers, and gas-heated steam generators are very generally used in the large and livelier plants. Gas-heated tables are effective, but disagreeable and dirty adjuncts to a stereotyping room. Almost simul¬ taneously with its invention of a compressed-air matrix-drying table, the F. Wesel Manufacturing Company successfully applied direct electric heat to their tables. Far more heat than is required can be developed, but the heat is usually regulated up to a maximum of 350 degrees. The maximum, rarely reached, on gas-heated tables is 277 degrees. When a temperature of 350 degrees develops by Electric-heated compressed-air Matrix Drying Tables, front view. At the right is an old-style hand-wheel table. At the left in the rear is the air compressor. In the background is the electric signal apparatus. electric heat, a bell rings, a red signal light flashes, and the operator reduces the heat by a turn of a lever. The combination of maximum heat and maximum pressure reduces the time of drying a matrix one minute and five seconds, and the results are said to be greatly improved. Not the least of the advantages derived from these two inventions are, first, cleanliness, and, secondly, a more normal Rear view of Electric-heated Compressed-air Matrix Drying Tables, show¬ ing three operating levers actuated by compressed air. In the foreground is an old-style hand-wheel table heated electrically. (In this outfit this is used occasionally for double-page forms.) The pipes on the floor contain electric connections, and should be under the floor. The air compressor and its motor are seen at the back. THE INLAND PRINTER 685 temperature in the stereotyping room. The heat, while intense on the table, does not radiate to an appreciable extent, and when the matrix is not in process the heat is diminished instantly. The air, formerly vitiated by scores of gas-burners, is now pure. When the pressure is released on these tables the type-form is automatically shoved from under the tables onto the apron. It will thus be seen that the stereotypers have entered upon less strenuous days, in which skill will count for more than muscle, and the stereotyping room, as these improvements become general, will become less of an inferno. _ THE “STILL SMALL VOICE.” The moral of this story may be that it is better to heed the warnings of the “ still small voice ” before it is driven to the use of the telephone. A New York lawyer, gazing idly out of his window, saw a sight in an office across the street that made him rub his eyes and look again. Yes, there was no doubt about it. The pretty stenographer was sitting upon the gentleman’s lap. The lawyer noticed the name that was lettered on the window and then searched in the telephone book. Still keeping his eye upon the scene across the street, he called the gentleman up. In a few moments he saw him start violently, and take down the receiver. “ Yes,” said the lawyer through the telephone, “ I should think you would start.” The victim whisked his arm from its former position and began to stammer something. “ Yes,” continued the lawyer severely, “ I think you’d better take that arm away. And while you’re about it, as long as there seems to be plenty of chairs in the room - ” The victim brushed the lady from his lap, rather roughly, it is to be feared. “ Who — who the devil is this, anyhow? ” he managed to splutter. “ I,” answer the lawyer in deep, impressive tones, “ am your conscience! ” And then he hung up. — Everybody’s Magazine. _ THE BOSS BACKCAPPER. An Australian member of Parliament received from an indignant constituent, who had asked him in vain for a ‘‘billet” (a job in politics), the following unique letter: “Deer Sur, — You’re a dam fraud, and you know it. I don’t care a rap for the billet or for the muney either, but you could have got it for me if you wasn’t as mean as muk. Two pounds a week ain’t any moar to me than 40 shillin’s is to you, but I object to bein’ made an infernil fool of. Soon as you was elected by my hard-working friends a feller wanted to bet me that you wouldn’t be in the house moren a week before you made a ass of yousself. I bet him a Cow on that, as I thought you was worth it then. After I got your note sayin’ you deklined to ackt in the matter i druv the Cow over to the Feller’s place an’ tole him he had won her. That’s orl I got by howlin’ meself horse for you on election day, and months befoar. You not only hurt a man’s Pride, but you injure him in bizness. I believe you think you’ll get in agen. I don’t. An’ what I don’t think is of moar konsequince than you imajin. I believe you take a pleshir in cutin’ you best friends, but wate till the clouds roll by an’ they’ll cut you — just behind the Ear, where the butcher cuts the pig. Yure no man. Yure only a tule. Go to hel. I lowers meself ritin’ to a skunk, even tho I med him a member of Parliament.” Written for The Inland Printer. THE BELIEF OF THE PRINTER. this day and age of incredulity, destitute indeed is he without a published creed. And, so, here comes THE CREED OF THE PRINTERMAN. I believe that the “Art Pre¬ servative” is the most exacting, nerve-racking and mind-straining of all the trades pursued by man. The printer toils with diligence, endures with patience, is often maligned and, in the end, receives but a miserly remuneration. I believe in the puerility of the prevailing prac¬ tice of placing an order for printing but a few hours previous to the time of actual need. Requests requiring undue impetuosity are given but scant attention, and the outcome is often an abomination to the critical eye of the printerman and a burning disgrace to the buyer and user of printing. I believe in the joy and beauty of work well done. I believe in the judicious employment of a high quality of ink and paper stock, for I know that cheap color and poor paper are to the printer workman even as a dull saw and a slab of gnarled oak is to the carpenter. I believe with all the strength of a printer’s soul that the great mass of inferior printing which floods all channels of trade is due not to the incom¬ petency of the man behind the stick, but solely and only to the inordinate greed of the man in com¬ merce. I believe the trade of the printerman is the most eminently deserving of all the vocations of man. The types in the hands of this wan crafts¬ man have preserved to mankind all the riches in the literature of the ages — the songs, the poems and the stories — the products of the minds of the men of genius of all time. All that’s worth knowing in the history of man — all the wealth of a deathless past, stretching back for almost an seon and preg¬ nant with priceless gems — is at your finger tips on the printed page, prepared and published by the printerman. _ THE OPEN SEASON FOR HONEST REPUBLICAN LAWYERS. A graduate of an Eastern law-school wrote to a promi¬ nent lawyer in Arkansas to find out what chance there would be for him in that part of the country. “ I am a Republican in politics,” he wrote, “ and an hon¬ est young lawyer.” “ If you are an honest lawyer,” came the reply, “ you will have no competition, and if you are a Republican the game laws will protect you.” — Everybody’s Magazine. 686 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Printer. EVOLUTION IN LANGUAGE. BY P. HORACE TEALL. SNE of the surest truths about evolu¬ tion in language is that some of the locutions that become firmly estab¬ lished in usage are not good, and never can be good in any way other than as mere conventionalities. Some words when first used meet with stout opposition, but prove to be so useful that no puristic objections can prevent their permanent establishment in use. The com¬ monest criticism that would be powerful in coun¬ teracting such neologisms, and the one that is most telling as argument against them when they can not be supplanted by better words, is that they are hybrids. Philologists call a word a hybrid when it is made by joining elements from different lan¬ guages, as in uniting a Latin word or element with one from Greek. We shall revert to this, to show that the criticism is not always potent; but first let us exemplify the opposite, with which we started. The other phase of the subject is men¬ tioned here because of a wish to have the two ideas plainly in contrast — that some neologisms outlive their state of newness, and become firmly implanted in the language notwithstanding initial scholarly protest, and that others are almost uni¬ versally adopted, notwithstanding inherent lack of any real commendatory quality. With these points well in mind, it may be profitable to note a few facts bearing on actual and possible evolution. Fitzedward Hall, a Vermont Yankee who went to India, became a Sanskrit scholar and philologist, and then lived in England until he died recently, wrote a book on “ False Philology,” in which he called attention to many words that made their way into reputable use in spite of disreputable methods in their making. Professor A. S. Hill, for many years prominent in the English department of Harvard University, wrote a book on “Prin¬ ciples of Rhetoric,” which deals interestingly with numerous instances of proper and improper evolu¬ tion. These books and others, especially Green- ough and Kittredge’s “Words and their Ways in English,” afford unquestionable evidence that certain locutions among those most strongly denounced by some verbal critics are absolutely beyond effective objection. This further digres¬ sion is made because of the writer’s inability to make in these articles anything like an approach to the exhaustive treatment which the books afford, and because of his strong conviction that every proofreader would be greatly benefited by careful study of everything involved. One of the words firmly established in an erro¬ neous use is convene with the meaning properly belonging to convoke. Proofreaders would be well within their province in uttering a strong protest against convene as meaning call together, because its elements actually mean come together. While good writers have for hundreds of years been using the expression “to convene a meeting,” or to convene anything, and will continue to use it, it is and always will be fact that convoke is the preferable word, because it says just what is meant. Why did no one ever use convoke where convene is the correct word? It would be just as good as the other misuse, but one is very common and the other has never happened. Another word that is often misused is com¬ prise, but this is a case where the proofreader may use his good judgment without hesitation. When¬ ever this word is used as in two expressions actu¬ ally published, the two being “the houses that comprise the row ” and “ the companies that com¬ prise the regiment,” comprise should be changed to compose. In all cases the things put together in a group compose the group, and the group com¬ prises the things that compose it. This confusion of comprise and compose is exactly analogous to that of convoke and convene, with the one excep¬ tion that comprise in the wrong use is simply occasional and comparatively rare, though becom¬ ing more common, while convene is more often used than the correct word, instead of convoke. In this case also it is at least a curious fact that no one ever uses compose where comprise is the right word, just as no one ever gets convoke into the place properly belonging to convene. A curious difference is noticeable, though, in the facts that in one case the more unusual word, and therefore the one that probably seems a little more learned, is substituted for the more familiar one, and that in the other case the one wrongly used is the more familiar. Professor Francis A. March, widely known as a philologist, and the principal orthographic and orthoepic editor of the Standard Dictionary, wrote a strong protest against the word electrocute when that word was new, and not only proposed elec- tricute instead as being better made, but put his own proposed word into the dictionary, giving the one actually used only as a variant form. He made out a strong case in favor of his proposed form, showing positively that it is better made than the other. Yet the word of poorer make is the one in actual use, and will probably remain so; and a strong reason for this is found in the existence of many other words beginning with electro and of none beginning with electri as a distinguishable element. THE INLAND PRINTER 687 Fitzedward Hall, in discussing objections made against the word presi¬ dential, which had been con¬ demned by some critics as not correctly made, wrote: “ Our presidential is comple¬ mentary to both president and presidency, and presidental would be complementary to president only; but we required an adjective complementary to both that and presidency, and we have it in presidential.” Al¬ though some men, who thought they were right, tried hard to have presidential rejected and presi¬ dental adopted, they failed, and the reason quoted is a good one. The same arguments are applicable to residential and residental. Charles Sumner thought he might make an improvement in the language when he used annexion instead of an¬ nexation ; and, following his lead, a few writers adopted his proposed improve¬ ment. But the shorter word never was established in use, and was soon dropped altogether. Adherence to old familiar forms with wide analogies is deep- rooted, and proposals contrary to it rarely find favor. One more fact is worth noting here, , with which our desultory consideration I of evolution may conclude. It is aston¬ ishingly common, even yet, to find per¬ sons asserting that a word not defined I in the dictionary can not be a good word. I A case was called to the writer’s atten- I tion recently. A schoolgirl used the II word unusable in a composition, and her 1 teacher said there is no such word, , . because it is not in the dictionary. On Pencil drawing „ , .. by the contrary, it is as good a word as it otto e. Hake, every dictionary had it. One of the best- lcag° known dictionaries for many years, if it is not still better known than its successor, was entitled “Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary,” yet the word unabridged did not appear in it. Tire¬ less, meaning the same as untiring, not becoming tired, was not in any dictionary until very recently, yet it has been a very common word for a long time. Our language has many words that are not in the dictionary, while the dictionary, on the other hand, contains numerous words which are rarely if ever used in ordinary written or oral com¬ munication. ADVERTISING A CITY. In our modern pride of advertising we may delude our¬ selves into believing that we are pioneers in advertising a city. We are wrong. About seventy-five years ago Cincin¬ nati was boomed by an advertising campaign outshining some of our present efforts in clean-cut business method. Nicholas Longworth, progenitor of the present-day genial son-in-law of a famous personage, was at that time in pos¬ session of a group of seemingly hopeless hills along the Ohio. He couldn’t sell them, he couldn’t lease them, and he couldn’t work them. For a long time he studied the situation, and his mind traveled the same groove toward a solution that is traveled in so many present-day commercial difficulties — toward advertising. Longworth recalled the vine-clad terraces of the German Rhine, and he proceeded to use the only adver¬ tising medium which was worth much in those days — . the postoffice — to bring viniculturists here. He printed circulars and wrote letters to the full pro¬ ductive capacity of the little town of Cincinnati, and flooded the Fatherland with them. He told them exactly what he would want to know if he were in their place, describing soil, climate, living conditions, etc., and he offered them profitable employment and protection. As a copy-writer he must have been a winner, and the original reason-why man, for how numerously the Ger¬ mans responded is now a matter of history. Hundreds of thousands of Germans live in and about Cincinnati to-day. If more cities with advantages would wake up and fol¬ low the example of Longworth or of Kansas City, whose splendid and resultful campaign is noteworthy, there would be a better adjustment of population and industry, to the profit of all concerned. There has been too much unprepared and harum- scarum advertising done by cities, which has resulted in no good. An effective campaign must be well followed up. Montgomery, Alabama, several years ago, spent $10,000 in advertising, and when results came in they were not organ¬ ized to take care of them. Such a mistake is always fatal. — Printers' Ink. STUDY YOUR ADVERTISEMENT BEFORE YOU PRINT IT. It is easier to tear down than to build. The most care¬ fully planned piece of advertising matter will be adversely criticized by people who never did anything half so good in their lives. For this reason every piece of printed matter should be the subject of much thought and study. Fore¬ stall and prevent criticism if you can. — Character. THE VOICES OF THE DUNES. Music is everywhere: No place so bleak and bare But hath a gentle spirit To sustain and cheer it ; And even these sad dunes Have their enchanting tunes That crowd the seasons full — The wind, the wave, the gull, And here and there some grass Sighing as zephyrs pass. So, even Grief doth find Some solace for her mind ; She hath her music, too, Although its notes be few — The fountain of her tears And some few hopes and fears That sigh among the reeds Where, wounded, her heart bleeds. Etching by Earl H. Reed. THE VOICES OF THE DUNES. THE INLAND PRINTER 689 bEIKIIANI) PRINTFRl l. H. McQuilkin, Editor. Published monthly by THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago, U. S. A. Address all Communications to The Inland Printer Company. New York Office: Tribune building, City Hall square. EDITORIAL NOTES. THIS is the season of the year to keep a sharp eye on the printing needs of your friend and neighbor, and let him know that you know what will be good for him. This is August and the heat is still in the air, but many buyers of printing want their announce¬ ments mailed in September. So it behooves the printer to “get on the job” now. Far-sighted advertisers have their work done by this time, but there are numbers who are not noted as being pos¬ sessors of foresight. The printer who thinks of these ordinary average people and gets after them now may reap a harvest. It pays to keep a watch¬ ful eye on the printing needs of possible customers. Vol. XLIII. AUGUST, 1909. No. 5. The Inland Printer is issued promptly on the first of each month. It aims to furnish the latest and most authoritative information on all matters relating to the printing trades and allied industries. Contributions are solicited and prompt remittance made for all acceptable matter. SUBSCRIPTION RATES. One year, $3.00; six months, $1.50, payable always in advance. Sample copies, 30 cents; none free. Subscriptions may be sent by express, draft, money order or registered letter. Make all remittances payable to The Inland Printer Company. When Subscriptions Expire, the magazine is discontinued unless a renewal is received previous to the publication of the following issue. Subscribers will avoid any delay in the receipt of the first copy of their renewal by promptly using the blank enclosed in the preceding number. Do not detach the lower coupon. Foreign Subscriptions. — To Canada, postage prepaid, three dollars and sixty cents; to all other countries within the postal union, postage pre¬ paid, three dollars and eighty-five cents, or sixteen shillings per annum in advance. Make foreign money orders payable to The Inland Printer Company. No foreign postage stamps accepted. Important. — Foreign money orders received in the United States do not bear the name of the sender. Foreign subscribers should be careful to send letters of advice at same time remittance is sent, to insure proper credit. Single copies may be obtained from all news-dealers and typefounders throughout the United States and Canada, and subscriptions may be made us the names of responsible news- Every employing photoengraver should read the article by A. W. Rathbun that appears in this issue. It is a plain, straightforward statement of the need of a cost-accounting system and a forceful appeal to put the photoengraving business on a more scientific basis. It seems absurd that one of the most modern of industries should for a large part be conducted along lines that comport with the days of small enterprises in which little capital was invested. The trade doubtless inherited this along with some better things from the wood engravers, with their limited productive capacity. But times and needs have changed, and Mr. Rath- bun is an apostle preaching the doctrine of prac¬ tical recognition of the new order in the business office. _ Printers brew trouble for themselves in fail¬ ing to make the customer give explicit instruc¬ tions, or in failing to comprehend explicit instruc¬ tions. The mix-ups that result from uncertain instructions from preoccupied or muddled brains are a heavy drag on profits. This uncertainty is in all their acts. The orders that come to supply houses, for instance, are occasionally so obscure as to take the character of a rebus. A course of mental training, new thought, or any old thought, would be desirable for the man who sent an order to a Chicago ink house, reading as follows : “ Gentlemen, — In regards to the ink for the enamel paper that I ordered and which you have no doubt sent by this time I wish to state in this letter that I did not in the other is that I think one fault is about the ink that I use that it is not thin enough or rather the cold weather causes it to be still, and if you yet think from this letter that you have not sent the kind I should have, will ask you to please send another kind from what you have sent. Respectfully yours, - . P. S. — If you THE INLAND PRINTER know of anything that I can mix with the ink, in case it will not work that will help please advise.” We venture the opinion that if the correspondent mixes his ink as thoroughly as he has mixed his syntax, he ought to obtain results. In the Cost and Method Department there is a short article on insurance by Alderman W. P. Dunn, of Chicago. The subject is one of impor¬ tance to many printers, who regard the insurance fraternity with some distrust after hearing of the experience of others. Alderman Dunn has been through the mill, having suffered a total loss by fire a few months ago. He is not embittered against the adjusters, probably because he kept an inventory of his plant and took other precau¬ tions that obviated controversy, which is always inimical to the interests of the insured. Those interested in insurance and others to whom the subject is like unto a closed book should peruse this article. Though it is largely local in some of its aspects, it may contain an unthought-of hint that will ultimately prove a substantial solace when a solace is sorely needed. Employers of union labor are upon occasions confronted with regulations from the local organ¬ izations that are trivial, vexatious and unneces¬ sary. These enactments are prejudicial to all concerned. Accepting the proposition to deal with their workers as an organization, employers have a right to insist that their employees shall be pres¬ ent at the meetings the regulations of which they have agreed to respect. The foreman is the medium through which the employer deals with his help, and it would be a protection to the employer and to the workers themselves, if the foreman’s duties should require each employee to present his card in certification of the fact that he was present at the meeting before beginning work on the succeeding day, or give a satisfactory explanation for his nonattendance. A few rules to help the employer might not be amiss. The old-age pension scheme of the Interna¬ tional Typographical Union gives the world its most accurate information regarding the average wages of compositors, as they pay into the fund, on the percentage basis, one-half of one per cent of their earnings. The Typographical Journal says the monthly contribution for the last fiscal year averaged 37.3 cents a member. The 44,921 members in good standing earned $40,293,738, or an average of $897 a member. The Journal claims that no other union “ can show an average earning capacity for its members that comes anywhere near these figures.” For the field covered, this is the most reliable data we have regarding the wages paid in any branch of the industry. It would be interesting to know just what percentage of compositors are not in the union ranks, but we have never seen that estimated. However, it is probably a good guess to say that members of the other unions in the printing-trade group receive $25,000,000 a year in wages. That makes a total of $65,000,000, the most nimble sum of that mag¬ nitude in the industry. So far as we know, this is the first time any union has secured reliable figures concerning the money its members handle during a year. When they actually realize the enormous volume of money that passes through their hands and the potentiality that inheres in it, the unionists will devise methods tending to make its expendi¬ ture inure to their advantage. The Inland Printer welcomes the Interna¬ tional Printing Pressmen’s Union as a recruit to the ranks of the trade educationists. On the sug¬ gestion of President Berry, the recent convention authorized the appointment of a committee, which shall cooperate with the officers, to investigate and devise some method that will have the effect of “educating our journeymen to a higher standard of efficiency.” The resolution has all the earmarks of being sincere, as the committee is not ordered to report to the convention a year hence, but is authorized to submit its plans to the referendum if the educational scheme involves material expense to the organization. Under the energetic leader¬ ship of President Berry — for whatever else one may think of that gentleman, all will concede him to be a reservoir of energy — we may reasonably expect that a first step will be taken toward popu¬ larizing the art and science that lies at the bottom of the well of presswork. The innovation is a logical move for the union to make and is in keep¬ ing with the spirit of the times. Possibly the most encouraging feature in connection with this action is that every delegate who spoke on the subject expressed hope that the committee would be able to accomplish the task assigned it. We may be pardoned reiterating our pleasure at this evidence of a harvest, for we have sown seed long and with the infinite patience that befits a teacher. The initial article in the first issue of The Inland Printer — October, 1883 — was an appeal for protection against “ botches,” and it was suggested there that the State should be as much interested in the development of mechanics and artisans as it was in producing lawyers and physicians. Since then we have steadily advocated enhancing the efficiency of the workers, according to such meth- THE INLAND PRINTER 691 ods as appeared feasible — but our cry has always consistently been “ Educate ! Learn how to think straight on craft problems.” Not only have we preached, but we have also tried to put our pre¬ cepts into practice at times when it meant finan¬ cial loss. But that is of the past, and is forgotten in the heartening that comes from knowing that another great organization sees the light. Some well-meaning friends have asked from time to time why we did not adopt at least a few of the recommendations of the Simplified Spelling Board. Reason and logic are all on the side of the change, but we felt — knew, as well as such things can be known — that there was no demand for a change, as spelling is one of those affairs the popu¬ lar voice will control, be it with or without reason. As many of our readers are required to spell cor¬ rectly, for obvious reasons it were better for them to have their trade journal follow the orthography required of them in their daily work. If buyers of printing showed an inclination or were likely to show a desire for change, we should have done all in our power to help our readers fit themselves for the new order. That our conception of the atti¬ tude of the public was correct is borne out by the experience of Editor French, of Profitable Adver¬ tising. That excellent journal has been merged with another and is now known as Advertising and Selling. The “slightly simplified spelling employed” has been regretfully abandoned, and Mr. French explains the return to Webster, by saying that the “ people do not like ” the more modern spelling. During three years in which the editor indulged his soul in what he regarded as logical, sensible and scientific orthography he “ was not once commended by one reader, and was constantly condemned by many readers ! ” This is a case where change will come with exasper¬ ating tardiness, and those of light and leading will have to wait in patience till the great mass, that is “ sot in its ways,” is prepared to move forward. Advance copies of the reports of the officers of the International Typographical Union show that delegates to the fifty-fifth annual convention — which meets in St. Joseph, Missouri, on August 9 to 14 — will be called upon to review the acts of a year of unparalleled prosperity. There are 652 subordinate unions, and the average of fully paid up members is given as 44,921 — but 1,812 fewer than in 1905, just previous to the eight-hour strike, which was the banner year for member¬ ship. Attention is directed to the fact that the membership in good standing for the last quarter of the fiscal year was 46,949, which tops all records by 215 members. It requires a rather bulky vol¬ ume to give an epitome of the activities of this great organization with its anti-tuberculosis cam¬ paign, home, old-age pensions, supplemental trade education, and the expenditure of its immense rev¬ enues. The healthy condition of the funds is dem¬ onstrated by a surplus of more than $250,000, to which should be added a somewhat greater sum in cash in local treasuries. It is expected that the convention will devote much attention to the dis¬ cussion of changes in the old-age pension law and the feasibility of establishing an insurance scheme. There will also be an attempt made to move the headquarters from Indianapolis to University City, St. Louis, Missouri. The advocates of this change profess to see an opportunity whereby the union may ultimately become a millionaire real-estate holder without additional taxation. Some one has said of the International Typographical Union that its history reads like a romance. Its business meth¬ ods are surely of a high order, and well deserve the commendation bestowed by former President Ellis in one of his addresses to the United Typothe- tse. Notwithstanding its wealth and wonderful resourcefulness, the base of this union’s greatness is the efficiency of its officials, the loyalty of its members, and that economic conditions prevail¬ ing in the trade offer a fertile field for unionism. In an article in the Cost and Method Depart¬ ment, Mr. Jordan, the Chicago poster-printer, de¬ picts rather vividly the conditions existing in that branch of the industry before the formation of an organization. Distrust, envy, jealousy, hatred and price-cutting were so general that erstwhile friends became enemies, passing each other on the street as strangers. Such a tinge of barbarism colored the trade that the assembling of seven poster-printers in one room was regarded as a great achievement. The article shows what has been accomplished since, which is a tribute to the value of the “ get together.” In reproducing an appreciation of the Industrial Commission of Illi¬ nois we give a still more remarkable tribute to the power that inheres in supposed enemies telling each other their troubles. For years the labor ele¬ ment in the Sucker State had sought a better law for the protection of workers in mines and facto¬ ries. The usual opposition from the manufac¬ turers made its appearance, and yearly harsh lan¬ guage and bold insinuations were bandied back and forth. The governor appointed a commission composed of representatives of the unions, employ¬ ers’ associations and sociologists. They got together, looked each other in the face and found “the common ground upon which both sides may 692 THE INLAND PRINTER stand without the sacrifice of either principle or self-respect.” The sociologists were expected to act as mediators between these ancient enemies, but their services were not needed in that capacity. This commission developed what the representa¬ tives of the unions claim is the most “ comprehen¬ sive labor code in America if not in the world,” and while it has been enacted into law, the labor men say “the fundamental thought is that the employer will make its legal enforcement unneces¬ sary, and the employee — safer, healthier and more contented — will contribute his not unimportant share to the public good.” The brochure we quote is well printed on hand-made paper and is a word of thanks from the labor committee to the capital¬ ists on the commission for their unselfish devotion to the common good. The pity of it is that, despite the manifold evidence of the humane and civilizing effect of association by conflicting interests, there are those who are slow to see the advantage of it. The report of the proceedings of the twenty- third convention of the United Typothetse in this issue shows that the organization has expended a tremendous amount of energy and some money in adding to its membership and preaching the gospel of “ costs ” to the craft. Secretary Heath reports that sixty-six new members constitute the result of the direct appeal, while time alone can furnish returns on the purely educational work. Possibly the most important incident of the convention was the step taken toward systematizing the work of the secretaries. The most significant action was the adoption of a resolution asking for the legislative elimination of the judicial doctrine of “ contributory negligence ” in damage suits. This constructional device of the courts has been desig¬ nated as a “ feudalists brutality,” which breeds injustice under our complex industrial system. For a quarter of a century the labor unions have been inveighing against the application of this theory in damage suits, and it seems meet that a printing-trade organization should be the first employers’ association to take a modern position and speak out on the subject. The growth of organization spirit among printers is not wholly due to the tenseness of com¬ petition. The movement toward better business ethics is a subtle though powerful impetus. As ethics has to do with man’s relation to his fellows, it necessarily follows there must be a foregather¬ ing to ascertain what is practicable in this step toward higher ideals. The old notion still prevails that there is neither sentiment, religion nor ideal¬ ism in business — that its one god is Results. Not¬ withstanding the claims of intense individualists, we are not the absolute makers of our destinies. Powerful as commercialism is in these days, there is a still more powerful force compelling obedience to its wishes. That force is public opinion. It has ideals and sentiments ; indeed, in some of its mani¬ festations it is highly emotional. We have had evidences of its desire to repudiate the “ devil- take-the-hindermost ” doctrine. Its fulminations against Standard Oil and railroad methods were not so much aimed at those corporations as against their practices, which, after all, do not differ — in a moral or ethical sense at least — materially from those generally prevailing in the business world. The people were led to believe, however, that by calling on courts and legislatures they could curb the rapacity of some corporations. Go out on the highways and byways and you find the methods condemned infinitely more than the individuals involved are reprobated. The American people may be stunned for a while by their failure to pun¬ ish the alleged malefactors, but they have made up their minds that some unethical practices must go. At bottom, the war is on policies rather than against men or corporations. The American pub¬ lic is not the most logical quantity in the world, but it attains its ends and, sometimes, in wondrous ways. We need only note the evolution of the chattel slave from being the most sacred kind of private property to a state of solicitously watched freedom and recent penalties imposed on the liquor interests which flouted public opinion to see that the people achieve their object without much regard for precedents or property rights. Those more or less expert at forecasting events realize that a new commercialism is to arise. The work of preparation is being pushed. Many are uncon¬ sciously doing this when they say, “ Come, let us get together and see if we can not eliminate some of the bushwhacking. Surely business is not war, in which all forms of trickery and deceit are fair — let us see if it be not something better than that.” And so they organize to discover that much of competition is foolishness and the mother of rottenness. In this manner the way is being paved for the elimination of those practices which offend the awakened moral sense of the great and all- powerful public mind. HISTORICAL. Gutenberg was born in 1398, and died in 1468; Jenson was born 1420, died 1482; Etienne, born 1460, died 1521; Garamond, born 1498, died 1561; De Tournes, born 1504, died 1564; Plantin, born 1514, died 1589; Elzevir, born 1540, died 1617; Fournier, born 1712, died 1768; Didot, born 1730, died 1804; Senefelder, born 1771, died 1834. THE INLAND PRINTER 693 Written for The Inland Printer. HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE TO SET THE JOB? the June number of The Inland Printer, page 371, 1 gave the result of some practical experiences in composing, correcting and lock¬ ing up catalogues. Mr. F. J. Marl- nee, foreman of the job department of the Union Printing Company, Wellsville, Ohio, writes as follows : “After reading the article ‘ How Long Will it Take to Get the Job to Press?’ published in the June issue of your magazine, I reached the con¬ clusion that the composing-room time was entirely too long as given in both instances, provided that the page submitted is a fair sample of the entire catalogue. “ I am reasonably familiar with catalogue work, having worked as make-up and stoneman in some of the best shops in the country, and am a fair Linotype operator (not a swift, by any means) . “In a shop properly equipped for such work, and with operators — or at least the foreman — reasonably familiar with the capabilities of the machine, it seems to me that the time should be about as follows : “The composition, if all measured as nonpa¬ reil, would amount to 4,320 ems to the page, and ninety-six pages would contain 414,720 ems. A fair operator should be able to set 2,500 ems per hour. Call it 415,000 ems in round numbers, this would give 166 hours machine composition. “ To do the work in this time, I would set the machine to twenty-one ems, the full length of the line, so as to be able to take care of any full lines. Then, the copy being all marked the measure it is to be set, I would set the jaw in to the longest measure on the page, setting the long assembler finger and slide likewise. I would set all of this measure for that page, then change to the next shorter measure, and so on throughout the entire page. Then taking the next page I would com¬ mence with the shortest measure and reverse the operation of first page, thus doing away with as many changes of jaw and long assembler finger as possible. This manner of changing takes a great deal less time than changing liners and ejector, and in the end will serve the same purpose. “ The slugs should then be trimmed on a Miller Saw Trimmer or some similar machine. “In this manner I believe that the time could be reduced as follows : Linotype composition . 166 hours Inserting heads in proper places on galleys . 16 hours Trimming slugs on saw-trimmer . 48 hours Mortising cuts on same machine, al¬ lowing an average of four cuts to page, a total of 384 cuts . 10 hours Justifying cuts (provided there is plenty of proper material at hand) . 16 hours Sorting cuts from box, placing same on galleys in the order wanted . 40 hours Total . 296 hours Proofreading, make-up and lock-up . . . 777 hours Making a total composing-room time.. 1,073 hours Average time per page . 11% hours “ It is necessary, in order to do the work in the time I have given, that the proper materials be at hand in sufficient quantity to justify the mortised cuts, and that the men working on the job know in advance just how they are going to do the work. “ P. S. — Since writing the above I have set the specimen page shown, and the time of work includ¬ ing change from thirteen ems to twenty-one ems liners and ejectors until I was ready to change back to thirteen ems was one hour and thirty-three minutes. There were ten changes of long assem¬ bler finger and slide, and I set in the jaw ten times.” With the consent of Mr. Marlnee, his sugges¬ tion was submitted to some experienced Linotype operators, who object to his conclusions, reason¬ ing that the time taken in picking out the uniform measures and grouping them would take longer than the few moments necessary to make the changes to the several measures. There is more liability to error by Mr. Marlnee’s method in the estimation of these gentlemen. What have other readers to say? Mr. Albert Scholl, of the Scholl Printing Com¬ pany, Chillicothe, Ohio, writes : “ I am interested in your article of June issue relative to cost of composition on Crofts & Reed’s catalogue. I am sending you under separate cover a copy of catalogue of The Chillicothe Hardware Company, which we printed. The specifications were as follows : 7,500 copies. Number of pages, 64. Trimmed size, 9 by 12. Stock inside, 25 by 38 — 45-pound M. F. book. Cover, 25 by 38 — 80-pound enameled book. Bound with wire, saddled. Black ink inside — cover red and black. Eight eight-page forms inside. Cover, one form — print and turn and cut. “ Cuts and copy were all properly marked and copy was in good shape. “ It took 293 hours to get out the composition, proofreading and corrections, stacked on stone ready for lock-up. 694 THE INLAND PRINTER “ We set it on a Model No. 5 Linotype machine, and the large display by hand. “ Some of the cuts were very much warped and had to be sanded and underlaid, which was done by compositor. “The job contains about eight hundred cuts. “ How long would it take in Chicago to do the work? and, if possible, would like for you to make an estimate of what this job should be worth.” catalogue have uniform measures. The writer obtained an estimate from a Chi¬ cago house and submitted it as follows, advising Mr. Scholl that in the opinion of several printers he was mistaken in the hours needed to do the job : 7,500 copies — 64 pages and cover — 9 by 12. 25 by 38 — 45-pound M. F. book — one color. 25 by 38 — 80-pound enameled book — two colors, work and turn. Saddle wire stitched. 8.p. forms. ie-p. forms. Composition, 64 pages and cover. .$488.00 $440.00 Stock, 64 reams, 25 by 38 — 45- pound, inside . 156.00 156.00 Stock, 4 reams, 25 by 38 — 80-pound, cover . 25.00 25.00 Presswork, 8 /8’s, 7,500 each, $25 . . . 200.00 120.00 Cover, presswork, % pp. red, 7,500. 18.75 18.75 Cover, presswork, % pp. blk. 7,500. 18.75 18.75 Cover, registering and slip-sheeting 12.50 12.50 Ink . 40.00 40.00 Binding, $6.50 . 48.75 48.75 $967.75 $879.75 Mr. Scholl replies that his figures and methods are correct, and says : “ In reply to your letter of the 2d relative to estimate on catalogue of Chillicothe Hardware Company. I note that some printers doubt the time used in getting the work ready for press, namely, 293 hours. It only goes to show that the ‘ country ’ printer has the ability to execute work with speed as well as the ‘city’ printer, but the Size of type page, from rule to rule, 7% by 10% inches. This is a reproduction of one of the easiest pages. country printer must have plenty of material and can not run around with the bodkin in his hand and pieing dead and live jobs in order to get up the work, and the sooner the proprietors of the city and country learn that it is better and more profitable to patronize the typefounders a little more rather than pay for jobmen running around ‘ hunten ’ sorts — that’s how much sooner he’ll find that the jobroom can earn a profit as well as the pressroom. “We always have on hand all sizes of leads and slugs still in the original packages ready for emer¬ gencies. Think of a job-office in a town of fifteen thousand doing an ordinary line of job and book work having three thousand pounds of leads and slugs and twelve tons of Linotype metal, bushels of metal, iron and steel furniture, brass rule, good skylights and good conditions. Wake up, Mr. Master Printer, and get plenty of good material THE INLAND PRINTER 695 for your men and then insist on getting the maxi¬ mum output. “ You also make an allowance of $12.50 for register and slip-sheeting. Beg to state that the writer registered the cover-form in fifteen minutes and did not slip-sheet. We use good machinery — why couldn’t we turn out quick work? ” Let me take occasion here to ask readers of these notes to remember that I am endeavoring to get opinions on “mechanical method” — to ascer¬ tain how long it should take to do jobs. The meth¬ ods of figuring, cost accounting, etc., are consid¬ ered elsewhere in this publication. If the com¬ posing-room or the pressroom or the bindery is not working under good generalship the printer will lose out. Printers can send in their questions and state their perplexities here, and their names and places of business need not be published. The names are given here only with the consent of the writers. But if printers will give their expe¬ riences to each other they will surely benefit the trade and, of course, themselves. Let us open these questions up boldly and get new light. TOO COSTLY FOR USE. A traveler in the heart of Alaska tells of seeing a man make a purchase in a Dawson store. He paid for it in gold dust, and in doing so merely pulled a leather poke from his pocket and handed it to the clerk. Then he turned round and began a conversation with another man, paying no heed whatever to his bag until it was handed back to him, when, dropping it once more into his pocket, he picked up the articles he had purchased and departed. He had given no heed to the weighing of the dust taken in pay¬ ment, and unless he had weighed his gold before entering the store had no means of knowing whether the right amount had been taken out. The wondering tourist, com¬ ing from a land where change is at least glanced at when it is handed back to one, asked the storekeeper if all his customers were as trusting as this one appeared to be, and simply handed him their dust pokes to take what he wanted. “ He knows well enough,” said the merchant, “ that I couldn’t afford to cheat him. We trust one another in this country — more, probably, than you do in the States. In the early days we had to, and woe to the man who betrayed a trust. There is nothing so utterly unpardonable in a mining camp as a deal that isn’t square and, in the early days, the man who was not square didn’t last long.” There are those who are disposed to think exact hon¬ esty only a rigid requirement of divine law. It is a sig¬ nificant commentary on any such view that rough men on the very outskirts of civilization have found its enforce¬ ment an absolute necessity if they are to live together, and have made a community where dishonesty is so costly a luxury that nobody can afford it. — Forward. NEMESIS. Fare — “ Hi, cabby, what are you stopping here for? ” Cabby — “ There’s an old woman in ’ere a-getting an awful time of it havin’ ’er teeth out. I wouldn’t miss it for a dollar. I ’ad ’er for a fare yesterday.” — London Opinion. Written for The Inland Printer. PRESSROOM PRACTICE— SOME OBSERVATIONS BY A STONEMAN. BY VERNON POSSNETT. [E following notes were intended as a stimulus to discussion following the recent series of articles in The Inland Printer by Mr. Gage.* The frequent reference to the ques¬ tion in the “Presswork” page of The Inland Printer suggests that discussion is needed. The May issue gives some prominence to an answer on the relationship of cylinder and bearers, and the view of the problem is submitted as an outsider’s criti¬ cism of a highly technical point. “ Yes ” or “ No ” — the concluding summary of this article, should be definitely accepted by every man in the craft. The writer says “ Yes ” and here are his reasons : No visitor calls so frequently nor has such interest in the practice of a pressroom as the stone- man. In a large job-office he inevitably acquires a fairly wide experience of the capabilities of men and the performances of presses. While it would be sheer presumption for this man to pose as a critic of many features of presswork, he may rea¬ sonably claim to be heard on those details which concern the forms. Further, he may even be in a position to assist the pressman of limited expe¬ rience, by setting forth some points in the practice of more capable men. Craftsmen the world over are apt to suffer for want of intercourse. Whatever their calling, there is always a danger that they will become mechan¬ ical. Method degenerates into mere habit. The right hand’s cunning can not be forgotten, because it belongs to the subconscious part of nature. Especially in a craft so closely allied to mechan¬ ical science does this danger assert itself. Medi¬ ocrity is the tool of the press; a press is the tool of ability. The solitary pressman in a village shop is little more favored than his confrere in the city, where incessant rush (or rivalry) forbids com¬ parison of methods, and the standard by which all are judged is the sum of the week’s work. The technical press is the guide, philosopher and friend of all, and to maintain this triple title will be the chief aim of this contribution. As a rule, when difficulty occurs with a form, the stoneman is called for. To be “ wanted down below, press No. 13,” may be a terrifying sum¬ mons to the uninitiated, especially when one is further instructed to register or to stop a form from rising. But the stoneman approaches either of these tasks with commendable resignation. * Now published in book form — “Modern Presswork,” by Fred W. Gage — by The Inland Printer Company. 696 THE INLAND PRINTER Sometimes the pressman has already tried his hand. Perhaps he has turned the chase over, or driven an assortment of nails into blocks and furniture, or punched the spacing material hope¬ lessly out of shape, or stulfed a bit of card or wet paper here and there. Or he may have gone about the business in most workmanlike manner, and shown excellent judgment in adapting his remedies to what appears to be the cause of the trouble. And when the stoneman takes his turn he may show just as little or just as much intelligence as the various types of pressmen referred to. Stonemen and pressmen alike, however, often realize that the cause of the trouble has not been removed nor even discovered. Bad register remains a mystery. Spaces will mark or slugs get tipped off their feet. Eventually, if a partial reduction can be effected by sheer force, a compro¬ mise is struck, and the job goes through rather slower than was anticipated. Some phases of this problem have already been treated at length in this journal, but others are apparently regarded as inevitable. It is taken for granted that edges of plates and ends of lines, or any extremities of printing surfaces which are parallel with the axis of the cylinder, will speedily wear and blacken. A large share of “ good commercial ” printing shows these faults quite conspicuously. Even in first- class work abundant evidence can be found prov¬ ing that an elaborate make-ready has deferred for only a short time the blunting of type and cuts. Disfigurements of work from this cause are so familiar that the mere mention thereof is vexa¬ tious. This is the very point where a large share of the pressman’s time is consumed. Right here the second-rate man shows his inferiority. Why is this trouble so universal? Why do masters and men regard this evil as inevitable? The answer is — compromise. A certain principle has been accepted in building and running a press and the man who questions that principle is indeed a rara avis. Some months ago The Inland Printer ex¬ pressed a desire to bring pressroom practice to “ an exact science.” That is a most worthy object, and Mr. Gage’s articles were conducive to that end. It is in no personal sense that I introduce his name. He represents a school — a theory — and it is quite pertinent to ask how extra impression is to be obtained when a sheet printed under those conditions requires more squeeze? This point has been discussed in a desultory fashion for a few years. In December, 1906, I had a few notes in The Inland Printer supplement¬ ing a previous contribution by Mr. Gage. Since that date I have canvassed a number of pressmen and have found opinions more diverse than they ought to be. Manifestly, “ exact science ” does not number presswork as one of its departments. Previously I emphasized the unvarying ten¬ dency in several kinds of presses for Lino slugs and type to be driven off feet always toward the gripper edge. I do not recollect a single instance of slugs or type being dragged the other way. The reason forced itself upon me that overpacking of cylinders was the common cause, and — theories notwithstanding — the only practical method of obtaining extra impression is to add a sheet or two to the clothing of the cylinder. On this occasion another phase of trouble and loss may be cited as an argument against these general theories — I refer to the unequal wear of different parts of the same form. An example of this trouble is shown in the reproduction here¬ with (Fig. 1). To begin with, let us come to an agreement concerning the varying demands which successive jobs may make upon some one press. We are told that a modern press contains approximately twice the weight of metal that a press of similar size would have contained a generation ago, and most of this extra weight has been introduced to pro¬ mote rigidity of impression. Yet the fact remains that a large form can not be printed satisfactorily THE INLAND PRINTER 697 with the same amount of packing which a smaller form on the same press would require. Although I am not a pressman, and am thousands of miles from Chicago, I know that a press which prints sixteen pages of The Inland Printer will print an eight-page form with a sheet or two less on the cylinder. A four-page form would probably require one or two sheets less still. Suppose the cylinder to be absolutely correct in circumference when printing the four-page form, it must be grinding the form when printing eight pages, and still more when sixteen pages. So long as we accept the principle of increasing the clothing of the cylinder in order to increase impression, grind¬ ing is inevitable on a heavy form. When presswork has attained to an “ exact science ” there will be no variation in the circum¬ ference of the cylinder whether light or heavy forms be printing. Assuming the cylinder to be of accurate circumference when printing the four- page form, as in the previous paragraph, it is made gradually larger as the forms vary in size. Thus the variation is always on the excess side of the ideal. For the purpose of illustration we will consider each sheet added to the cylinder as one degree of error, and that an eight-page form needs two sheets and a sixteen-page form four sheets in excess of the four-page forms. The actual work¬ ing condition might then be stated thus : Extra Sheets Degrees Size of Forms. . on Cylinders, of Error. 4-page . . . o 0 8-page . 2 2 16-page . . . • . .4 4 A press so large will seldom be employed on the smallest form, and in twenty forms we may have two four-page, six eight-page and twelve sixteen- page. Tabulated we have : • Number Degrees Size of Forms. of Forms, of Error. Total. 4-page . 2 0 0 8-page . 6 2 12 16-page . 12 4 48 Total . 20 60 The average working condition is shown to be in error by three degrees or three sheets too much on the cylinder ( 60 20 = 3 ) . If we introduce mechanical drawings, the point is at once evident. Fig. 2 represents a correct cylinder. The cylinder is set upon bearers exactly type-high, and the packing of the cylinder is uni¬ form with the collars or bearers on the cylinder, the circumference being identical with the travel of the carriage. This condition obtains in print¬ ing a small form, and the press is not strained in obtaining impression. Fig. 3 may be considered as representing the alteration of the cylinder when several sheets have been added to give enough impression for a heavy form. The extra packing occupies space which is supposed to be occupied by the form. As it is physically impossible for the same space to be occupied by both cylinder and form we may reasonably conclude that one yields and by common consent we may say the bed yields. Although the bed is deflected slightly it has only the same distance to travel as in Fig. 2. Not so the cylinder. All the time of printing the surface of the paper is traveling faster than the type. This could only be suggested by great exaggera¬ tion in drawing, but the point is so obvious that we need not elaborate an argument to emphasize it. Possibly there are some who agree that there is a slight difference in the speed of cylinder and bed, but do not agree that so slight a difference can be the cause of serious trouble in the form. I contend that this slight difference is all-important. The excessive speed of the cylinder drives type and Lino slugs off feet, tilting them always toward the gripper edge. This slight difference in speed is the reason why overlays so often get displaced during a long run and almost invariably the slower moving type has dragged them away from the gripper edge. But my chief point in this article is the effect upon the face of the form, whether type, slugs or cuts. If extra impression could be obtained without enlarging the cylinder, the life of plates would be prolonged many times. Even 698 THE INLAND PRINTER if the enlargement could be only partially reduced, the form would suffer much less wear than at present. Of these alternatives, the first would require a complete change of method in making ready. The second, however, could be achieved without diffi¬ culty. Let us state briefly the points upon which opin¬ ion is unanimous. We all know that type or plates wear most quickly on the edges referred to. We agree that a large form needs more impression than a small form on the same press, and that the most practical method of obtaining that impres¬ sion is to add a sheet or two to the clothing of the cylinder. Probably we agree as to the reason why this extra packing is necessary; it is because the bed is more or less deflected from its theoretical position. These points are so commonplace as to need no comment ; yet the accepted theory in set¬ ting the cylinder ignores the deflection of the bed. Apparently the pressbuilder works to the same principle in erecting a press as would be followed in building a skeleton machine like a clock. Theo¬ retical accuracy could be maintained in the clock, but can not be maintained in the fine tool of the pressroom. The exigencies of make-ready demand variation in cylinder thickness in the same line of impression, and further variation wherever the line of impression may be taken. I do not suggest that the variation can be avoided, but I contend that it should not be ignored. Extra sheets and overlays and patches are now added to the perfect cylinder, and every addition carries us away from theoretical accuracy and helps to grind the face of the form. Modern presses can be strained to an almost incredible degree when an extra heavy job is being carried. A 40 by 25 inch sheet, on a 40 by 30 inch press — the form being electros of a white letter design — showed the following measurements when the form came off the press : ' Inch. Plate and interlay . 167 Type-metal mount . . . 750 Underlays . . 029 Total . . 946 Standard type-height . 918 Excess thickness of forms . . . .028 I am told it is a rule on such heavy jobs to equalize the excess packing, giving about as much extra packing to the cylinder as to the form. What becomes of the accepted theory in a case like this ? The measurements were taken by microme¬ ter by a skilled typefounder. If we trace the process of making ready and printing an ordinary job, we may mentally see the evil operation of an enlarged cylinder. The back of a printed sheet is the pressman’s guide in work¬ ing. His skill is directed to reducing and increas¬ ing (not much reducing) the impression until a given face of letter appears uniform throughout the sheet. Finally expert criticism fails to find any detail which needs amendment and O. K. is given. Scrutiny is not relaxed when the press is running. A touch here and there compensates for variations as they are detected. Yet, in a long run edges lose their sharpness long before the center of the pages. Why? An agency which no eyes could discover has been operating all the time. At each separate impression the slightly enlarged cylinder has been racing the form. The full impression of a line of pages is a retarding influ¬ ence to the cylinder and the racing is accomplished as impression is released in each gutter of the form. The gripper edge of the pages receives a blow from the cylinder, while the back edge is pushed slightly by the swifter-moving paper. The friction is too slight to be observable on a single impression, but fifty thousand impressions show a definite result on the form. It is friction, and not impression, which wears away the edges of the plates. An appearance of heavier impression along these edges is quite natural when a first proof is pulled and can be logically explained. The line of impression has a certain degree of width, which begins at the point of the first contact of paper and form, and ends at the point of final contact. When the width represented by this line is not fully occupied by the form, the portion which is occupied is sustaining additional impression. But the pressman remedies this by easing the edges and patching the centers, until impression is uni¬ form in the printed sheet. Plato might have foreseen the errors in mod¬ ern pressroom practice when he wrote, “ The man who makes use of a thing must necessarily be best acquainted with it; and must in the course of using it keep the maker informed as to the success or failure of its performances.” The uneven wear of the form in the production of modern jobwork must be written down as one of the failures attend¬ ing the builders’ theory of press construction. The fine-drawn theory of what a press ought to do can not be squared with the concrete illustration of what a press does. A cylinder, set and clothed to accepted ideals, is theoretically perfect. In practice this same cylinder develops three distinct evils, which can be produced only by a cylinder of greater circumference. (1) Type and slugs are forced forward to incline toward the gripper edge ; (2) Friction injures those parts of the form which engage the cylinder while the line of impression is THE INLAND PRINTER 699 not fully occupied; (3) Overlays and other pack¬ ing on the cylinder tend to be displaced by contact with a form which moves at a slower speed than the paper. So pronounced is this third fault that overlays are generally placed a shade nearer the grippers by many first-class men. The common explanation is that “the packing stretches.” Exactly; but if form and cylinder traveled in unison there would certainly be less stretching than is often the case. If these evils can be attributed to any other cause, my argument loses much of its force ; but the universal character of the troubles stated should not be mistaken for a purely local matter when any other explanation is submitted. At the risk of being tedious, I venture to point out the essential weakness in the popular theory of setting a cylinder. The mistake begins in basing calculations upon the bearers instead of upon the form. Let us imagine the bearers are removed from the carriage, and a form of average weight is in position. Granting the cylinder has been clothed perfectly, the essential condition is that the cylinder shall be secured in such a posi¬ tion as to produce a perfectly printed sheet. Let there be no question of bearers until a satisfac¬ tory impression is obtained. Then, while the form is sustaining the full weight of impression, bear¬ ers should be built up to fill the space between the cylinder collars and the press-carriage. I am fully aware this will be dubbed impractical, but I ask my hasty critics to suggest another cure for the evils I have shown. It is common knowledge that one press is much more rigid under impression than another. By making a bearer proportionate to the strength or weakness of the press we should obtain the end for which bearers exist. Bearers are unquestionably serviceable, but they are not an absolute essential. I have known a press run all manner of best work, from the heaviest possible to the lightest, without bearers on the carriage. I am not recommending this as an example to be followed ; I am content to state the fact that best jobwork in a first-class office was so produced. Further I do not suggest that there should be fre¬ quent tinkering with the bearers when once the cylinder has been set. When a press is used on miscellaneous work the form used as a guide for setting the cylinder should be one requiring medium impression. There would still be an extra sheet for a heavy form, or a sheet less for a lighter one. When a press is used solely on one job, or on one class of jobs, the cylinder might be regularly as nearly perfect as possible. Of course, cylinders are supposed to be “perfect” now, yet we have the universal evidences that theoretical perfection coexists with practical enlargement. There are mechanical objections to the method of cylinder setting just described. Purely as a question of facility, setting to bearers is preferable to setting to a form. If the present method of setting to type-high bearers so generally produces the evils resulting from cylinder enlargement, it appears a logical deduction that to set to bearers a shade lower than type-high would fix the cylin¬ der a few sheets nearer to the form. The net result would be a few sheets less packing, and a rather smaller cylinder. Slight adjustments else¬ where might be necessary in some presses, but such details need not concern us here. The main question is : Are our cylinders generally too large ? If the answer is Yes, we are left with the problem of reducing them. If the answer is No, we have the more perplexing problem of discovering the cause of the evils which reproach our presswork. “WHEN GOD MADE BUDD.” Last Sunday for a few hours we had the pleasure of a visit from “ Col.” M. E. Budd, of Burlington — one of the best printers that ever stepped foot in Kansas. For seven years he worked for the writer while we were an employ¬ ing printer in Wichita, and never did he fail to meet the demands made on his time and skill. He was faithful to every trust, conscientious in the performance of every duty, and phenomenal in the amount of work he could and did do. With him printing was an art. No picture so beautiful as the skilful arrangement of type on the well-printed page — unless we except the picture made by the living faces of the children he loved so well. Generous, yes, to a fault — so generous that the boys interpreted his initials as “ Most Easy,” a sobriquet he upheld with everybody but himself. Modest, unassuming, unambitious, he is the same old Budd, with a slightly grayer tinge across the temples, and a new wrinkle or two — the love-marks of time. The two-day vacation he had treated himself to, after months of faithful service, was already growing irksome. Before he was in town an hour we knew he was hearing the call of the shop - — -was wondering how the boys were getting on with the work; and long ere this is printed he will be back in the harness again, printing his life away. Such men are scarce in these days, and as we grasped his honest hand to say good-by we were tempted to paraphrase a line from Riley and say: “ When God made Budd I’ll bet he didn’t do any¬ thing else that day but just set around and feel good.” — Mulvane (Kan.) News. AN EDITORIAL BLUNDER. The Transcript Clerk of the Day tells the story of “ a very sinful wag ” who was lunching with Doctor Abbott and referred repeatedly to his connection with Outing. At last Doctor Abbott could stand it no longer and protested: “ But, my dear sir, I am not the editor of Outing. I have never had anything to do with Outing. While I live I hope never to edit Outing. I am the editor of The Outlook.” “ Why, bless me, so you are ! ” cried his vis-a-vis. “ Funny I should have made that mistake. Really, couldn’t have confused two periodicals more strikingly different. Whereas Outing makes a religion of sport, The Outlook - ” The self-respecting clerk refused to complete the antithesis. — Christian Register. 700 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Printer. THE COMMERCIAL ARTIST— HIS USE AND MISUSE. NO. IV. — BY ANNA M. DENNISTON. INCE marble first imaged the gay god Pan, grinning from his pedes¬ tal, or a dancing Donatello was brought to life by a facile pen, humor has touched a sympathetic chord in the world through art. Long before and, surely, since the Sapolio people announced that “ The Spotter of Spotless Town ” had — “ Spotted a spot on the butcher’s gown,” and that it was — “ mete for justice’ sake To roast the butcher at the stake,” on to the end, where the spot was removed by Sapolio, there has been little doubt that humor held a place in art — and advertising. “ ANGELIC TOM.” “ Laugh and the world laughs with you ” is not so familiar a modern saying that it can afford to be overlooked. The fact that the staid business man has been known to walk around a block, rather than by way of a direct route, just to see the old lady in the large poke bonnet arguing with the crossing policeman, or the “ Dago ” chasing the small boy, has furnished a useful hint, even to commercialism. In this connection, aside from •I STRENUOUS I the mere social pleasure of wit, a secret lies — that of spontaneity — and, as the old Scotchman said, “ Real humor is a thing ’at spouts oot o’ its ain accord,” and again, “A humorist would often no ken he was ane, if it wasn’a by the way he makes fowk lauch.” Like mercy, the quality of true humor “ is not strained.” On the other hand, it is as the same “ gude man ” said, “ Na, the rale humorist kens vera weel ’at there’s subjects ’ithoot a spark o’ humor in them. When a subject rises to the sublime, it should be regairded philosophically and no humor¬ ously.” So it is that the Mycenae gate stands guard at the entrance to the field of classic sculp¬ tural art ; that the Pharaohs builded rock moun¬ tains to command future generations to contem¬ plation of their power, and Michael Angelo’s Moses sits in stern rebuke of triviality and lightness. However, it seems . seldom necessary to remind the world that the grave and direct are effective, for THE INLAND PRINTER 701 gravity comes natural to mankind as a whole. This is, no doubt, why catchy things, from the standpoint of genuine humor, do sometimes go begging, while large representations of pickles, hats, hosiery and cook-stoves in solemn array — the one provoking a laugh by its association with the other, if for no other reason — are so much in use. In all the range between the sublime and the ridiculous, opportunity comes for the kind of work where the humorist “ no kens he is a humor¬ ist.” The boy sits for a sketch to be made. He merely wriggles and smiles and the artist “ smiles with him,” and the “ spirit ” is caught, as we say. This sort of half-grave, laughter-provoking art is a kind that finds acceptance where outright bur¬ lesque would be refused, for life and vitality may be imparted to the hardest facts when thus repre¬ sented. The artist whose work illustrates these paragraphs — Samuel J. Kennedy — touches these phases of humor and human interest and then goes on into the subjects where things must be “ treated philosophically and no humorously.” Beauty may be its own excuse for being, but it is not its own cause. The cause is that people want something — usually something useful — and then its elaboration and embellishment fol¬ lows. As a result of this eternal “ because,” deal¬ ers plan and buy and the artists and craftsmen produce. Men who work usually have an idea around which they build and, whatever its value, it serves as a nucleus for their building. Mr. Kennedy works on the theory that to do the best for a given cause is not to pore over the matter in hand specifically, but to be ready at every turn for the inspiration of the moment in order that the mind may become resourceful and responsive to all requirements. In short, the old lady who obstinately refused to throw away anything that could possibly “come in play some time” illus¬ trates the mental attitude which he considers necessary to the resourcefulness that fits the artist, commercial or otherwise, to assist in keep¬ ing “all the people” interested “all the time.” He gives credit to the wholesome country life of childhood and to school and college years for the genuine love of nature and for studious habits well formed, and he maintains that “ He who works to do is an artist, he who works to finish an artisan.” So, in short, spontaneity — or love of doing — is the key-note and motive of his output. His course illustrates the usual routine that falls to the lot of the men who seek by practical means to reach a goal. The making of book-covers, newspaper illustrations, mechanical drawings and the like is constantly enlivened by study — both academic and otherwise. A summer sketching tour to Colorado resulted in the production of two large canvases for tne office walls of the Santa Fe road. They pictured the charm of light and color among the great western hills and, for studio use, a large collection of color notes was made, which show in striking manner the enormous distances between the peaks and give a vivid impression of BIG BROTHER. the changing color. The Palette and Chisel Club has exhibited a large panel, where Pike’s Peak is “ trailing clouds of glory ” at dawn and the Colo¬ rado creek winds in subtle curves through the valley below. From the sublime to the less sub- 702 THE INLAND PRINTER lime, is the transition constantly required in this world of art, and the same proud country that invites to the view of sun-flooded heights also, with equal enthusiasm, invites the study, use and exploitation of, for instance, ladies’ gloves. Those accustomed to buying, say, paper dolls for the children, often imagine that, like “ Topsy,” they “just grew.” On the contrary, they are made, and, with care, somewhere, by some artist. So it is with illustrations for cut-glass, calendar- panels and all these things — they are made. From Pike’s Peak to lady’s gloves is a rather long leap, but when undertaken in a spirit of apprecia¬ tion and interest it proves not too long. Ladies’ gloves are at least very necessary, as evidenced by some recent agitation of national importance regarding them. Putting aside traditional meth¬ ods of presenting this subject, the illustration shown indicates the standpoint of treating com¬ mercial art as high art and making it as nearly as is compatible with practical ends a beautiful pic¬ ture, having some of the qualities of portraiture. The result — a trade-producing advertisement — justifies the method and the idea back of it. It is not necessary to go to Colorado to paint. The laity would probably cast a vote in favor of Colorado as compared with the Chicago river. Not so the artist. He says the river is beautiful, and, if he thinks so, this in itself is “cause” enough why he should establish his claim. Mr. “ SLEEPING BEAUTY.” Kennedy had dipped a brush into paint and been immersed in Chicago rainstorms in pursuance of this object. As the painter is aware, there are many good reasons why this sacred stream, beloved by Chicago for its commercial use, should THE INLAND PRINTER 703 be painted. One of these is that it is not twice alike. To-day large warehouses and elevators stand in bold, mountainlike masses of transparent purple against a misty sky and to-morrow they are gone — torn down, burned it may be, or obscured by some new architectural pile. Another reason is that the panorama of ships, barges and sails which one day seems fairly built into the ensemble, in a short time is displaced and an entirely new aspect confronts the observer. He who would enjoy certain beautiful effects more than once must have them safely on canvas. Besides, Chicago needs to be painted. It has not been painted overmuch, though it has special qualities of color and line that are distinctively its own. The Chicago smoke odium — without being overvalued — still serves in certain aspects to make a dream city where otherwise would be mere walls and spaces. The man who orders illustrations for adver¬ tising purposes, or for any other practical art use whatsoever, is not the only patron who enters the studio. “ The other fellow” drops in sometimes — the “ other artist,” who brings an order for things outside of his line or asks a bit of assistance. These commissions are honored respectfully, but, “ on the side,” a few quick strokes of pencil, pen or brush are made which express in forcible terms an extremely personal and ideal estimate of the subject — but not in the direction of wings or halos. These art products are seldom paid for — - at least not in coin — but the law of reciprocity in studios is swift and sure, and the weapon of warfare is not alone in the hand of the party who begins the strife. Men who can be precipitated into an attack of “ blues ” over deserved and unde¬ served criticism of their art — and they are sure to have their share of both — can “ smile and smile ” and never flinch over the most hopeless view of their personal characteristics in a cartoon. These are digressions from the grave business of the world, but they are some of the reasons for the “ snap ” and “ go ” that creep into the practical and work-a-day. As a result of his study of cartooning and child-life, Mr. Kennedy voices the opinion that, to be humorous and to be productive of the spontaneous, one must forget himself, must for¬ get that he is alive and become what he is expressing. To picture a child, he must think back to his own childhood days and become a child again. Then he arrives at the reason that the child has for his acts and gestures. When the boy reaches his hand shyly up to his pocket, for instance, the artist must realize that it is because he is proud of a pocket and wants it to be seen. The artist can not relate any more than he under¬ stands himself. In picturing a child doing some¬ thing, he does not show him doing as a man would. To illustrate : the childlike way of carrying a gun is more or less as a man would carry a log. It is funnier, oftentimes, to see people taking things seriously than it is to see them in laughter. Take, for instance, a child making a very serious mat¬ ter of some trivial thing, as in the case of the little western miner’s boy with the pocket. He was so unaccustomed to seeing a stranger that he took the stranger-artist as an adult might view an inhabitant of some hitherto unheard-of mysterious world. To picture that wondering contemplation would be humor of a high class and, in this con¬ nection, it is observable that the humor of the high-minded reaches only those of like thinking, the coarse and crude becoming uninteresting to the well-bred. Again the voice of the old Scotchman is heard : “Lads, humor’s what gives the nip to speakin’.” It may be that if he had the wisdom of the twelfth century commercial life added to his natural shrewdness and were speaking to-day, he would say, “ Lads, humor’s what gives the nip to adver¬ tising.” The power depends on the depth of the artist’s insight of that object he contemplates. — Emerson. 704 THE INLAND PRINTER Written for The Inland Printer. A DIPLOMATIC TRIUMPH. BY EDWARD EVERETT HORTON, SR. HE newly elected chairman of the chapel of the Daily Lantern has caused the pleasing fact to trans¬ pire that, if elected, he would sternly rebuke all lapses on the part of the proofreading force; that each knight of the pen would be held to a strict accountability for “malicious and unnecessary” marking of proof- sheets in future, and that any deviation from posted style unaccompanied by a ring would be a casus belli. The Lantern’s composing-room force had had enough of the “ fine points of syntax, close punctuation and the arbitrary division of words by Worcester.” Mr. Keeneye, the Lantern’s proofroom fore¬ man, raised his eyes for the twentieth time one night as the door swung back and the chairman with flushed face, proofsheet in hand, angrily strode in. The head reader was patient, polite and resourceful. Before him on this occasion lay copy of church music for Easter services, which had been forwarded to him by the copy-cutter for an arrangement of style before sending it from the hook. The fierce mien of the chairman set Mr. Keen- eye’s wits to work. He anticipated the chairman’s mission — to debate the proper use of a comma — and as it was after 1 o’clock in the morning and every minute was of double value, a happy thought came to him. He recalled that the new chairman was of a “ sporting ” turn ; that the greater part of his knowledge of the printing business had been acquired at the ringside and at the race-track. In feigned excitement, therefore, he exclaimed : “ Mr. Muddle, can you give me any information as to who this fellow Nunc Dimittis is?” He pointed to the words on a freely penciled page of copy. The chairman’s angry look merged in one of profound study, in which considerable satisfaction was shown. It was no mean thing, this coming to the fountain-head by the foreman of the proof¬ room for enlightenment. “ Nunc Dimittis,” he said, slowly, “ Nunc Dimittis. Why, that reporter is twisted. Nunc Wallace is the guy the fellow should have written, the stiff that Jack Burke, the English welter¬ weight, put out in eight rounds in Australia in — er — 1894 or ’95 — can’t say which exactly.” “ Now we’re getting at it! ” broke in Mr. Keen- eye, in tense tones. “But this Dimittis was a Greek wrestler, a cousin of the defeated Nunc Wallace, the reporter says, and he issued a chal¬ lenge to Burke soon after that battle.” “Piffle!” retorted the indignant Mr. Muddle. “ He was no more a cousin to Nunc Wallace than one of our apprentices is to Gotch ! This Dimittis was a cheap skate, a faker, a stiff that ’ud lay down as quick as ever Tug Wilson did before John L. Don’t talk to me about these fourth- raters trying to climb into the limelight.” His voice trailed off as, forgetting his errand, he placed his hand on the knob of the door. “Say,” Mr. Muddle called back, “if that is deferred copy you’re handling, I’ll look up Richard K. Fox’s book on scraps and scrappers, and if that Nunc what’s-his-name is mentioned at all I’ll let you know.” “ It is Sunday stuff,” replied Mr. Keeneye, in a low voice. “ I thank you for the information.” Then, to himself, “ I have prevented a scene and have saved the office at least five minutes’ valuable time.” True to his promise, Mr. Muddle appeared the following night. He could not find Nunc Dimittis among Fox’s famous fighters, which proved con¬ clusively that Nunc was, as he had emphatically pointed out the night before, a faker, worthy of no notice whatsoever. PRINTERS’ WISDOM. The wisdom of the successful printer consists in the knowledge of his losses. — Franklin Printer. w mwm IW Ss VcmhIcBi •: ;,:«PW $#&&?# 1 IRfepi Xf'M iT‘$fc 'MC mMc: H THE INLAND PRINTER 705 (DESPONDENCE While our columns are always open for «fae discussion of any relevant subject, we do not necessarily indorse the opinions of contributors. Anonymous letters will mot be noticed; therefore, correspondents will please tfive their names — not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of tiood faith. All letters of more than one thousand words will be subject to revision. ROUGHING WITHOUT A ROUGHING MACHINE. To the Editor: St. Louis, Mo., July 10, 1909. In looking over my files of The Inland Printer I have noticed a number of instances where correspondents have asked for information regarding some method of roughing other than that done on machines made for that special purpose, but in none of the replies have I seen mentioned or advised any method which would produce the desired results, namely, an exact duplication of the mat patterns generally used in roughing three-color processwork, many examples of which have appeared from time to time in The Inland Printer. I enclose you several specimens of printed work turned out in my former shop at Fort Smith, Arkansas, and roughed by my method, which I think you will agree is an exact duplication or reproduction of the regular roughing- machine work, and equal to most of, if not the best, work done on machines. The simplicity, quickness and cheapness of this method may commend it to many printers who can not afford machines for that purpose, or who are remote from large cities where such work is done for the trade. To give a short history of the facts which led me to this idea, I will state that having figured on a large con¬ tract of lyceum-bureau printing, it was stipulated at the last moment that the work should be roughed. Thinking that I would be compelled to turn down the order on account of the heavy cost of shipping the stock several hundred miles to get it roughed, to say nothing of the delay in production, I did some “ tall thinking ” over night, during which time the idea occurred to me which I believed would do the trick. In fact, so confident was I that I had the right solution, that I closed the contract next day before I had made any attempt to give it a try-out. The idea, in brief, is as follows : Take a sheet of some suitable material that has the roughing design already embossed on its surface, and from this make a stereotype plate to do the roughing with. The material best suited for this purpose is known to many printers, and is in use in nearly every bindery, and is known as “ skytogen,” and can be bought from paper houses in quite large sheets. This skytogen, which is a kind of paper-leather, comes embossed in various patterns, among which is the well- known mat pattern so effectively used on processwork. The making of plates from skytogen proved to be very easy and simple, being accomplished by using a sheet of skytogen for the matrix and casting the plates in an ordi¬ nary stereotype casting-box. After first heating the box to the right temperature by pouring in a lot of melted 5-5 metal, I then proceeded to make the plates by first placing a sheet of ordinary cardboard on the bed of the caster, and on top of this laid the sheet of skytogen, face up; then placing the bearers in position and clamping the box the metal for the plate was poured, and, after giving it suffi¬ cient time to harden, but not long enough to burn the mat¬ rix, the plates were taken out. The operation of placing the matrix and pouring the metal must be performed quickly, otherwise the prolonged heat would cause the matrix to warp, wrinkle or blister. It was found by this method that perfect plates the full size of the caster, could be made, and all that was necessary to complete them was to trim to size needed and mount on a board or block to type-height. The metal used was a lot of old type, which produced plates hard enough to emboss several thousand sheets before showing wear enough to impair the appearance of the work. The embossing or roughing was done on a cylinder press, the plate being locked up in same manner as a type- form, and made ready by inking and printing on the cylin¬ der and “ spotting up ” a few light places in the design, after which the rollers were taken off the press, the embossing plate washed clean and the paper run off with a heavy impression at a moderate speed. The make-ready, of course, needed some treatment in order to give it the hardness and effect of a female die, and this was done by taking a sheet of blotting-paper and placing on the tympan, over which a thin coating of smooth paste was made, and this covered by a sheet or two of tissue-paper. Several impressions were taken at short intervals while the paste was drying, which took about thirty minutes, and, finally, the usual draw-sheet was stretched over the cylinder and the work was then fed through the press in the usual manner. In running such work the printing is, of course, done first, and it is also necessary to leave an extra margin of about half an inch at the gripper edge, which the emboss¬ ing plate does not touch, and this can be trimmed off when the job is completed. There are a number of schemes for producing roughing on a letterpress, such as embossing from a plate made by gluing sandpaper to a block, or by using electrotypes or etchings made by the “ Ben Day ” process, but they do not give the same appearance as the skytogen work and are not very effective or satisfactory. The total cost of making a set of plates for a sheet 18 by 24 inches did not exceed $5, and the make-ready and running were about the same as ordinary printed work, minus the ink. Webb M. Oungst. THE FLAT SCALE AGAIN. To the Editor: Chicago, III., July 4, 1909. This afternoon while perusing the pages of one of your esteemed contemporaries I ran across the following: “ I think the printers’ union has been a large gain for the employers in regulating the ruling prices for wages, but the union has not been a success in making superior workmen. It has always scaled down the ability of the bright member, refusing him any more consideration than is given to the inferior man. Why should not the scale of wages be graded to fit the capacity of the man? Why should the poor workman be carried by the bright and quick-witted man? All ambition is thus crushed out. I think this is one cause why so few boys enter the craft. I have a case in mind just to illustrate this point. A man 706 THE INLAND PRINTER who has been with us for years (from boyhood) asked for an increase in pay. I asked: ‘Why? You are a union man. You receive the full union scale. What is the mat¬ ter? ’ “ ‘ I am doing much more each day than the man by my side on the same work,’ he replied. “ The answer returned was : ‘ That may be true, but who tells me what I shall pay this man? Does not your union? Why does your union give you both the same wage? ’ “ ‘Yes, I understand, but I do more work.’ “ The answer given was : ‘ The price of composition in this town is regulated by the price we must pay our men. The man next to you is your equal in every way, except he is constitutionally slow, and we must pay the scale. The slow man must have an equal price. Whose fault is it? ’ “ The next morning the fast man came to me and said : ‘ I have been thinking this subject over. I see the point. What I have been doing is to contribute $2 each week for a considerable time toward the support of my companion’s family.’ ” I know this is an old line of reasoning, and the majority of the good printers of the country repudiate it, as is evi¬ denced by the fact that all but a small minority are mem¬ bers of the union. The reasoning is superficial. The writer seems to think all that enters into the problem of wagemaking is the proficiency of the worker. On the con¬ trary, wages are governed to a very great extent by an iron law which brings them very near the subsistence line. By that is meant, if printers were to content themselves with a living that could be purchased for $2 a day, wages would soon sink to the two-dollar basis, and the man getting twenty per cent over the scale on a four-dollar basis would be getting about ten per cent on the two-dollar basis for his extra efficiency. As the economists have been pointing out ever since the early seventies, the standard of living is the thing to raise, and the typographical and other unions secure permanently only those changes which enter into raising the standard of living. That is why once hours are reduced in a trade they are never lengthened, because rational relaxation from labor inevitably tends to improve the status of the worker. Now, the efficient man mentioned in the quotation was not giving $2 each week for the support of his compan¬ ion’s family, because, according to the employer, his com¬ panion was the standard on which his wages were based; so we may assume that the companion was an average workman. If his wages had been reduced $2 a week the tendency would have been to reduce the more efficient man’s wages also, and then both of them would have been con¬ tributing possibly $3 or $4 a week to their employer or to society. That is the sordid end of it. The employer’s idea is the essence of selfishness. From a social standpoint the union’s position is far the best, even looking at it from the erro¬ neous viewpoint of the employer. One holds to the doctrine of Cain — “Am I my brother’s keeper? ” The other teaches the brotherhood of man. Now, which doctrine is the noblest and the most worthy of making sacrifice for, if sacrifice must be made? All this is somewhat academic. How the wage problem works out every day disproves the position taken by the writer I quote from. Nonunion offices are not noted for giving good wages to good men. They have a basis of wages which they pay, and as a general rule if they can “ jew ” a man below that price they do so, taking advantage of his necessities rather than looking at the value of his output. It is said that employing printers in the city of Philadelphia get as high prices for their work as employers in any other city in the country, yet printers’ wages are lamentably low, and the printer in Philadelphia does not begin to enjoy the com¬ forts that his fellows in much smaller or larger, but better organized, cities do. The union is, or has been, very weak in Philadelphia. Now, how is it that good printers don’t flock there to get the extra wages paid their class on account of the low wages paid the average or below-average men? I have worked in nonunion offices; I know the tricks. I recall an incident during my apprenticeship when an apprentice wished $1 a week increase in his wages, but the foreman refused, explaining to the employer that as the apprentice’s mother was an invalid he could not afford to leave his work and look for another job. Within ten days the mother died and the boy left. His employer coolly offered him double his wages to remain, but he refused and joined the union so as to circumvent a little trick in black¬ listing which was being set afoot. On another occasion, I recall an open office where union men got the scale, though the most proficient worker received $3.50 a week less. In time the office went into the union and during the dicker¬ ing the employers insisted that their good worker should be taken into the organization. About the other nonunion men they cared not a rap. The workman explained that he had been well treated; was never “docked” for holi¬ days, and every week the manager used to stop at his frame and inquire about himself and the babies. The union offi¬ cial to whom he recited his story, analyzed it this way: “ You say you were paid for holidays and lost time (amounting to about three days a year) and not paid for overtime, which struck you two or three times a week in the busy season; that the boss was very nice inquiring about the babies. Now, don’t you know you were working beside union men who were getting $3.50 a week more and sometimes earned an extra $5 a week in overtime? Of course, the boss never asked them about their babies, but I’ll tell you what I’ll do : I’ll ask you once a week about your babies for half of $3.50, which is the price they have been charging you for interest in your family’s welfare.” This suggested a problem to the erstwhile nonunionist, who fig¬ ured out that during his employment in that office he had been soft-sawdered and soft-soaped out of about $1,000, which would have done his family a great deal more good than the solicitous inquiry of his employer, who never sent him home rejoicing with a red apple in his pocket for the kiddies. How is it these bosses are always wrong on an eco¬ nomic problem? They have little or no idea of the elements entering into the making of wages. If they did they would manage their businesses to better advantage. For instance, the gentleman I quote from says that the price of composi¬ tion is regulated by “ the price we pay our men.” If so, the union maintained the prices; but that should not have been so and doubtless wasn.’t. The price of composition was most likely regulated by the figures offered buyers of printing when they were looking for bids. The economics of most of these people, from Mr. De Vinne down, seem to be based upon the theory of small production and small offices with primitive appliances. The influence of machin¬ ery and modern business methods on economic laws seems to have escaped them altogether. The thoughtful journey¬ man, aware of this crass ignorance, is not surprised to read of late in the trade journals that these same employers possess little or no knowledge of business, have little stand¬ ing at the banks and are just beginning to find out what their product costs them. E. R. THE INLAND PRINTER 707 Written for The Inland Printer. LONDON NOTES. BY OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT. British Trade Conditions. — The printing trade in England still continues to suffer from depression, although matters are a little better than at this time last year, when the idle members of the London Society of Composi¬ tors numbered over six hundred. This month the number of unemployed men is only about four hundred and fifty, but that number of society men testifies eloquently to the bad state of trade when it is remembered that there are nearly as many nonsociety men in the metropolis who can not find work. The trade has been exceptionally dull in Edinburgh, and also in Glasgow. Of course, with all this the dealers in printers’ requisites are suffering, and com¬ plain very much of the inability to collect their accounts, owing to the scarcity of money among printers. Hopes run high, however, that this depression will pass away and better times come. Scottish Typographical Association. — The amalga¬ mation scheme by which the various typographical associa¬ tions of the United Kingdom were to be consolidated into one body is meeting with great opposition in the ranks of the Scottish Typographical Association, and the opinions of a number of the members have been embodied in a letter that appears in the organ of that body. Scotsmen have always been of an independent character, with a suspicion of anything “ English ” that nearly three centuries of union between the countries has not yet entirely obliterated, and it is no wonder therefore to find the following in the letter referred to : “I hope Scottish members will be unanimous in dedaring that the Scottish Typographical Association will ever remain a purely Scottish trade union. ... If you agree to this so-called principle you lose your indepen¬ dence and your liberty, and you (‘ England and Ireland generally ’) become one body, and be called ‘ The Typo¬ graphical Union.’ Why should we join these two coun¬ tries? Is it for love of our Scottish membership? A few years ago one of our Scottish members was not allowed to lift a stick in a Dublin caseroom, because he was a Scot, and had to return home after being compensated. Call ye that fraternity? Glasgow members were recently in a similar position in London, while in our Circular of June, 1908, you will find that the London Society of Compositors was in favor, by an overwhelming majority of 6,237, of the protection proposition to exclude strangers from member¬ ship when a large number of men are signing. ‘ We intend to breed our own Cockney compositors now . . . Scots¬ men . . . had better stay at home.’ Let Englishmen and Irishmen abide in their own places and Scotland will sustain her own sons. We desire to remain Scotland, and we have no desire to form part of either England or Ire¬ land.” Objection to Recorders on Linotypes. — A new rule of the Typographical Association was the subject of discus¬ sion at the annual general meeting of the Linotype Users’ Association, the other day, when the president of the latter body said that if it were submitted to, the recorders on the machines would have to be taken off. The men say that no mechanical arrangements shall be associated with any printing machine that will be a time-check upon the output of that machine. The masters are just as firm in their refusal to listen to the men’s request, as it would be a granting of the right of the men to control the working of the machinery in printing-offices, regardless of the rights of the employers, and that they might just as reasonably object to the placing of counters on printing-presses as to line-counters on the Linotype. The Linotype Users’ Asso¬ ciation decided that when they met the Typographical Asso¬ ciation’s representatives in conference again they would clearly intimate to them that they intended to retain full control over the mechanical appliances in their own offices, and they would on no account accept the new rule as a working proposition. The Master Printers’ Federation also intends to resist the introduction of the rule by every legiti¬ mate means as being inimical to the printing trade and to the masters’ interests. Revision of Scale for Temporary Work. — The Lon¬ don Printing Machine Managers’ Trade Society — as the pressmen’s association is termed — is suffering from a grievance in that a number of employers, instead of keep¬ ing on a full staff of machine minders, employ casual labor for a great period of the time that their machines are at work, and thus a considerable number of men belonging to the society are continually traveling from one office to another in search of employment, and constantly meeting with disappointment, which destroys their best energies. During 1908 at least fifty per cent of the members were only casually employed, and the society claims that if the employers have a due regard to the maintenance of skill and proficiency, with a consequent high standard of print¬ ing, in the years to come in England, some amendment of these unsatisfactory conditions must take place. It is pointed out that the minimum number of men are now only maintained on the regular staff, and that the maxi¬ mum amount of work is demanded of this minimum num¬ ber, any increase of the ordinary work in the office being met by the calling in of extra men for a few days, their services being then dispensed with, as though they were ordinary dock laborers, instead of men who had served an apprenticeship to an important branch of the printing trade. With the foregoing facts in view, the society pro¬ posed to the masters’ association a revision of the scale for casual work, and that in future all minders called in for temporary employment should receive not less than 28 cents an hour, or if engaged for the whole week, $11, over¬ time to be charged at the rate of 10 cents per hour extra upon the weekly rate; fractions of an hour to be charged as full hours. This proposal was submitted to the masters with a request that the alterations come into force on June 30. The masters’ reply is to the effect that no useful pur¬ pose will be served by discussing the proposed alterations and so, meantime, the matter has practically fallen through. Church Work. — The smaller class of printers in Eng¬ land have a grievance, sometimes, with the work they do for religious bodies, such as churches, parish bazaars and the like, where the work is given out by the minister or other officer, and is only given on the understanding that the printer must recoup himself for the cost by canvassing for advertisements and printing them in the parish maga¬ zine, bazaar program or whatever piece of work he may have been lucky (?) enough to secure. A master printer of thirty years’ standing has just been protesting against this obnoxious system, in which, practically, he has to pay himself for the privilege of doing the work of others. It is generally found that low wages and sweating go hand in hand with this kind of thing, and that church work with its low prices and long-deferred payments leads a man toward the bankruptcy court. Labor Newspaper. — At the forthcoming Trade Union Congress that is to be held in September next the subject of the establishment of a daily newspaper in the cause of labor will be again discussed, and the congress will be asked to authorize the working of a daily newspaper company to 708 THE INLAND PRINTER begin at once. In view of the uncertain state of the law in relation to the investment of trade-union funds it is pro¬ posed that the scheme shall be organized in such a way as to allow of individual members subscribing the capital required. The labor newspaper has hung fire for a long time, but the matter is well supported by the London Society of Compositors and will no doubt soon materialize. Cost of Process En¬ graving s. — The somewhat moribund Process Engravers’ Association has got a new president in the person of Mr. Arthur Cox, of Birming¬ ham, and in a letter that gen¬ tleman has been telling the members some home truths. The cutting of prices in the British process business has become quite a scandal, and Mr. Cox’s remarks should be taken to heart by the mem¬ bers of the association. Mr. Cox says : “ From investiga¬ tions made there seems to me no doubt but what there are many firms to-day who have no proper system of arriving at their actual cost of produc¬ tion of the various classes of work they are called upon to handle. To do so properly is admittedly a most difficult matter in a business like ours, and many who have seriously made up their minds to know their productive costs have been greatly surprised, not only at the difficulties met with, but also at the results obtained. There is no doubt but what if more firms knew their actual costs they would find that much of the work they are now producing is being sold at a loss. I know that there are firms who con¬ sider that they have their costs quite clear, and think that by ascertaining the amount' of materials used a given job, and taking that, plus the cost of labor, they have arrived at a satisfac¬ tory basis upon which to fix their selling prices. My suggestion is that the associa¬ tion give the matter of costing serious consideration and endeavor to formulate a scheme whereby it can assist its members in introducing methods which will help them to arrive at their actual costs of production. When such costs are known, I feel quite certain that the effect will be to generally improve prices on certain classes of work at least, and by such means we can look for improved conditions as regards prices without resorting to any attempt at restric¬ tion.” This counsel may appeal to process engravers who in their present anxiety to secure work at any price, are simply making conditions easier for entering on the road to bankruptcy. Knowledge of the cost of production is a potent antidote for many business disorders. Abuse of Statute Regarding Employers’ Liability. — - Under the English Workmen’s Compensation Act the employer is liable for damages to his workers if they meet with any accident during the ordinary course of their employment, and every week sees a crop of actions in the courts in which claims are made,, in some cases heavy com¬ pensation being granted. Naturally, any injury received in the workshop is made the basis of a claim; not always successfully, as a case the other day showed, when a youth sought an award against Messrs. Blades, East & Blades, printers and sta¬ tioners, of London, in respect of an accident which resulted in his being laid up for ten weeks with a seriously in¬ jured knee. An extraordi¬ nary conflict of evidence arose over the description of the accident, the applicant swear¬ ing that it was occasioned by his slipping from a counter as he was shifting some paper for the firm, and three of the respondents’ employees stat¬ ing equally definitely, that the injury was caused by the lad falling as he was wres¬ tling with one of his col¬ leagues. The judge held that the accident did not arise out of, or in the course of, em¬ ployment, and made an award in favor of the employers, with costs. New Scale of Wages. — A new agreement has been made between the London master printers and the Asso¬ ciation of Correctors of the Press, by which in future the latter will be paid at the rate of 20 cents per hour up to fifty-two and one-half hours, with a minimum weekly wage of $10.50. All overtime to be paid for at the rate of 8 cents per hour for the first three hours, after that time at 9 cents per hour extra, up till midnight, and later than mid¬ night, 11 cents. Sunday work is to be paid at the rate of 18 cents an hour extra. It is also agreed that no printers’ reader shall work more than forty-eight hours overtime in any calendar month, or more than sixteen hours in any one week. It is also stipulated that all the members of the association shall work amicably with any nonsociety employees, and with members of other societies. The agreement is to continue in force for five years, and may then be terminated by either party on giv¬ ing six months’ notice. “ Can you keep anything on your stomach? ” the ship doctor asked. “ No, sir,” he returned feebly, “ nothing but my hand.” — Success. THE INLAND PRINTER 709 Compiled for The Inland Printer. INCIDENTS IN FOREIGN GRAPHIC CIRCLES. BY ODR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT. GERMANY. The Zeitung, of Halle, on June 25, celebrated its two hundredth anniversary. The Supreme Court of Germany has recently decided that printers and publishers can not be held responsible for mistakes in advertisements which are due to illegible manu¬ script. The Typographic Society of Wurzburg, numbering about one hundred members, has started a course in tech¬ nical sketching, and will next establish a course in tint- block cutting. On January 1 last there were in use in Germany 1,199 Linotypes, 339 Monolines, 763 Typographs (a machine resembling the “Junior” Linotype), in all 2,301 line¬ casting machines, and 227 Monotype keyboards and 142 Monotype casters. The German Typographical Union at the end of its first fiscal quarter of 1909 had 58,458 members in good standing and net assets of $1,668,000. On January 1 last it had 56,325 members, the increase during 1908 being 2,786. The wage scale was in force in 6,611 offices, including 1,942 cities and towns. The following Amei’ican individuals and firms are rep¬ resented at the International Photographic Exposition, now being held at Dresden: N. S. Amstutz, Valparaiso, Indi¬ ana; Binner-Wells Company, Chicago; Eclipse Electro & Engraving Company, Cleveland; A. W. Elson & Co., Bos¬ ton; Inland- Walton Engraving Company, Chicago; Repub¬ lican Publishing Company, Hamilton, Ohio; Joseph Meadon, Hamilton, Ohio; Miehle Printing Press & Manu¬ facturing Company, Chicago. As an indication of the state of trade in Germany, one may note in the statistics of the German Typographical Union, that during April last it paid out in out-of-work benefits to 2,843 members, for loss of 38,659 days’ work, the sum of 62,190 marks ($14,800). In April of 1908 it paid to 2,088 members, for loss of 25,179 days’ work, 35,527 marks ($8,456). This shows that in April of this year it paid to 755 more members than in April of last year, for 13,480 more days lost, an excess of 26,662 marks ($6,344) — or for fifty per cent more days’ lost time during last April than in the previous April. To more fully attain its object of providing for a suc¬ cession of competent help, the Dresden branch of the Asso¬ ciation of Master Printers has made a thorough revision of the curriculum of its trade school. The new plan is out¬ lined in a forty-page pamphlet, just issued, and covers the combining of theoretical instruction in the schoolrooms and practical instruction in the workrooms of all branches of the trade. Besides the technical courses for compositors and pressmen, the program of study includes German, French, arithmetic, bookkeeping, banking methods, draw¬ ing and tint-block cutting. At present there are two hun¬ dred and seventeen pupils, who are taught in sixteen classes by eight teachers. Emperor William II., the Crown Prince, Prince Eitel Friedrich, Prince August William and other members of the royal family, have, through the chief marshal of the court, sent a circular to the court photographer and other photographers, notifying them that they would have to relinquish to the royal personages all copyrights of pic¬ tures made of them. This order of the emperor was called forth, because numerous pictures of members of the royal family and fantastic groupings of them, reproduced mostly on post-cards, were generally executed in a manner lacking artistic taste. An end will now be made to this practice. While hitherto the photographers had the right, without special permission, of reproducing and selling either origi¬ nal photos or fanciful groupings of royalty, they are now constrained to submit such to the persons pictured and may publish only those for which they receive official per¬ mission. At one of its recent monthly sessions, the Erfurt Typo¬ graphical Club was interested in the exhibit of a fine col¬ lection of American printing, loaned by the German Book Trades Association. The reporter of the meeting ex¬ presses himself as follows regarding the exhibit : “ Though the American, in minding the saying, ‘ The way to wealth lies through printer’s ink,’ makes large use of printed mat¬ ter, he lays less value upon its artistic than upon its origi¬ nal — even if simple — arrangement. Noteworthy is the exemplary composition and the clean presswork, especially of the illustrations. The use of good, modern papers is very noticeable. We are not used to seeing such a frequent use of italic types, nor the mixture of roman and black- letter faces in one line.” After discussing various tech¬ nical questions, the club decided to make monthly visits to certain museums and industrial establishments during this summer. There is no existing portrait of Gutenberg painted dur¬ ing his lifetime. However, there is said to have been such a picture, after which was copied the earliest known por¬ trait of the master; but this, in the Franco-German War of 1870, was burned with the city library of Strasburg. Of this portrait, which has served as a prototype for many Gutenberg heads and among others was also used by Thor- waldsen for the modeling of the Gutenberg statue at May- ence, the city library of Mayence has possessed a good copy since 1832. Besides this, there exist six different Guten¬ berg portraits, of which two (woodcuts of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries) are in the National Library at Paris. A colossal painting, “ Gutenberg,” by Edward Hess (who died in Mayence in 1880) , has hung since 1896 in the city library at Frankfort; a large oil-painting, “ Guten¬ berg’s First Proof,” by Karl Friedrich Reichert (who died, 1881, in Dresden), is in the Mayence picture gallery. Among other group pictures the copperplate, “ Gutenberg in His Workshop,” by Eugene Ernst Hallemacher, of Paris, merits mention. A tour of inspection was recently undertaken by thirty members of the London Institute of Printers and Kindred Arts. They visited several prominent printing-offices and machine shops in Berlin, Leipsic and Dresden. The tour was made upon the invitation of the German Book Trades Association, the members of which were pleased to observe the great interest taken by their British confreres in every¬ thing shown them. It is hoped that the visit will correct many prejudicial opinions held by the British people respect¬ ing the German trade. Mr. C. L. Drummond, the leader of the trip, said that in Berlin the cleanliness of the work¬ shops visited and their excellent ventilation attracted spe¬ cial attention; the appearance and physical condition of the workmen were decidedly better than that of the average English workman, and that the printing trade in Germany at present stood upon a higher plane than in England, where the public did not make such high demands upon it as in Germany. To attain to a superior product the English would, in Mr. Drummond’s opinion, have to pay greater attention to a system of perfecting schools. However, the 710 THE INLAND PRINTER defective schooling of the average Englishman is a hin¬ drance hard to overcome. It is a fact that a comparatively large number of English post-graduate pupils can not pass their examinations, owing to the inability to express even the simplest thoughts on paper, in an intelligent manner. It is in the elementary schools, therefore, that the right start must be made, to catch up once more with the leader¬ ship now won by the Germans. The methods employed in the newspaper offices also gave an excellent idea of the rest¬ less activity and presented a typical picture of German progressiveness. “ We have here,” added Mr. Drummond, “ learned infinitely much, and we take with us the conviction that nothing would do both nations more good than a fre¬ quent exchange of visits like the one just made by us. In its modest way it has doubtlessly had its effect in throwing a proper light upon the insane, reprehensible and sensa¬ tional baiting carried on in certain political circles of the two nations.” FRANCE. A six-volume edition of Moliere’s works, dated 1773, having thirty-three original drawings by Moreau le Jeune, and binding by Bradel, was on April 24 sold at auction to M. Rahier, for 177,500 francs, said to be the highest price ever paid for a printed book. Other books reaching high prices are the Psalter of 1459, sold in 1885 for 125,000 francs, and a first edition of the “ Decameron,” sold in 1812 for 56,500 francs. The French Government has begun an investigation to ascertain the demands of the various industries upon the apprenticeship system. For one hears much complaint that in the present evolution of industry it is no longer possible to obtain competent artisans in sufficient number. In the printing trade there are establishments which positively refuse to bother with apprentices, claiming their journey¬ men only lose time in teaching youths. Other printing- offices, however, would engage only beginners, believing they can make good profits on their labor. With such contradictory testimony it is well for the Government to seriously study the question, in order to secure a proper regulation of the apprenticeship system. There died on June 9, at Paris, one of the foremost printers of France — Jean Claude Motteroz. He was known not only at home but abroad as an excellent and progres¬ sive printer and also as an able writer on typographic sub¬ jects. In conjunction with Gabriel Charavay, a bookdealer at Lyons, he started L’Imprimerie, the noted printers’ jour¬ nal, now in its forty-seventh year, for which he wrote most of the matter, and which in its early days was printed on a hand press. From a very humble beginning his business grew into a very large printing establishment. This he sold a few years ago, but retained a directorship in it until recently, when poor health compelled him to entirely relin¬ quish his business activity. He continued his literary pur¬ suits, however, almost to the moment of his death. The new buildings for the National Printing Office, at Paris, which were to have cost 442,350 francs (perhaps a rather low estimate), will cost nearly 10,000,000 francs when completed. The minister of justice, on account of scandals in connection with the building, has appointed a commission to investigate the matter. Originally, the con¬ struction was to have been finished in four years, but now, after seven years, the buildings are not half completed. A total of 5,653,367 francs has so far been expended, and the directors in charge ask for 4,500,000 francs more from the Chamber of Deputies. According to the investigations of the committee one might say that there is not a stone in the structure which has not been replaced once and twice by another. Everything in the original plans was, after its erection, torn down and reconstructed. All floors were laid with cement, but being then considered objectionable were torn out and replaced by parquet floors of oak wood. Because of this the cost per square meter came to 17% francs, and as there are thousands of square meters of flooring, this ate up a good bit of money. And thus it was with the other details of the structure. AUSTRIA. A collection of copperplates owned by the Baron von Lana, of Prague, was recently auctioned off at Stuttgart and netted $200,000. Some of the works were acquired by the Royal Library at Vienna. Dr. Konrad Schiffmann, director of a library at Linz on the Danube, who has already numerous valuable literary finds, has just discovered two leaves of the first dated Latin Bible printed by Fust and Schoffer, in Mayence in 1462. They had been used in the covering of a book, “ Tafel der Kaiser und Konige,” printed in 1522 by Adolf Petri, at Basle, Switzerland. The two leaves are from a copy printed on parchment and contain parts of the Paulinian letters. According to statistics published in Vorwdrts, of Vienna, there were in use in Austria at the beginning of April last, 432 linecasting machines, of which 217 were Linotypes, 146 Typographs and 69 Monolines; of the last there were 60 alone in Vienna. In addition, there were 51 Monoline keyboards and 36 casters, of which the majority were in Prague. Prague also had 50 more Linotypes than Vienna. The number of persons engaged on these machines is now 800, which is six per cent of the 14,000 members of the employees’ organizations. RUSSIA. Not long ago there was discovered in mid-Asia a copy of the “ Evangels,” believed to be over a thousand years old. Its make-up is most gorgeous, the leaves being of pur¬ ple silk and the text — in old Greek lettering — produced with silver leaf. The volume contains one hundred and eighty-two pages in this grand style, which have been divided among several Russian museums. An association of archeologists, under the leadership of Prof. Vladimir Uspenski, has had the rare volume reproduced typograph¬ ically. The edition numbers one hundred copies, costing 500 rubles each. However, the printers could not resist the temptation of committing a fraud, for, instead of using pure silver bronze for the work they used an aluminum powder, charging the price of the better material in their bill. A suit is now pending in the courts because of the substitution. ITALY. An international exposition is being planned for the Italian jubilee year of 1911, to be held at Turin. A space of one million square meters is figured on, of which the printing and kindred arts and the newspaper industry are to have a generous share. TO FILL SPACE. When the editor of a certain country newspaper is in a hurry, he doesn’t waste words by saying “ it rained.” He simply writes : “After many days of arid desiccation, the vapory cap¬ tains marshaled their thundering hosts and poured out upon scorching humanity and the thoroughly incinerated vegetation a few inches of ‘ aqua pluvialis.’ ”■ — Black and White. THE INLAND PRINTER 711 JOB COMPOSITION BT F. J. TREZISE. In this series of articles the problems of job composition will be discussed, and illustrated with numerous examples. These discussions and examples will be specialized and treated as exhaustively as possible, the examples being criticized on fundamental principles — the basis of all art expression. By this method the printer will develop his taste and skill, not on mere dogmatic assertion, hut on recognized and clearly defined laws. In the July issue of The Inland Printer, under the title, “ The Elements that Give Permanent Value to Print¬ ing, as Exemplified in the Typographical Studies of Bruce Rogers,” the writer deals in an entertaining manner with Mr. Rogers’ work, and shows numerous examples of his typographical design. In addition to the illustrations of book designing, in which Mr. Rogers is an acknowledged authority, several examples of job composition are shown, the latter being held up as absolutely perfect craftsman¬ ship — so perfect, in fact, that the writer says of one of them, “ Probably, if a one-point lead was changed in it, or a thin space added or taken away from an indention it would be marred.” Inasmuch as one of the specimens in question is so far removed from the application of the typographical principles discussed in this department, in the Inland Printer Technical Schoolj and in the I. T. U. Course of Instruction in Printing, we feel that a brief dis¬ cussion of it in this department will not be amiss. A reproduction of the job in question, together with the title which accompanied it, are shown herewith. Viewpoints naturally differ, both from what might be termed natural taste and from training. Frankly, the acceptance of the statement that this is an entirely suit¬ able piece of design would leave us all at sea regarding the fundamental principles of typography. In this department and in the I. T. U. Course of Instruction in Printing we have expounded principles which we have every reason to thoroughly believe are fundamental and of vital impor¬ tance to typography, and to the printers who have care¬ fully studied these principles the acceptance of the speci¬ men in question as absolute perfection will thoroughly undermine that study and training. It is for this reason that the question is here taken up. We have indicated to the readers of this department, and to our students, as fundamental principles of typography, simplicity, propor¬ tion, tone harmony and shape harmony, and indicated these as the chief elements which give permanent value to type design. These are definite; so far as we know they are unquestioned, and they give the printer an unfailing stand¬ ard by which he can measure his work. This, we believe, he must have. To a few specially gifted ones, perhaps, so happily situated that they have the opportunity of study¬ ing masterpieces of printing, and strong enough mentally to avoid becoming obsessed with the eccentricities found therein, to an exclusion of a study of fundamentals, the general directions to study the old masterpieces, with a view to reproduction in a measure, is excellent advice. But what of the ones who are not especially gifted — those who are not in a position to see the old masterpieces, and who, perhaps, would follow them blindly? For such as these — and we believe they are in the vast majority, else we would not have referred to the others as the few espe¬ cially gifted ones — we must be more specific. We must, rather than call their attention to the work of the old masters as copies to be followed, direct their attention to a study of the principles upon which the old masters built up their designs. Otherwise the eccentricities of the old work will be magnified and closely adhered to, perhaps to the neglect of some fundamental principle. The illustra¬ tion of the “ Music ” page herewith is an excellent example of the point in question. What might be termed an eccen¬ tricity — the long S, being an f with the cross strokes cut off — is especially emphasized, while the question of the harmony of tone between ornament and type — a really vital question of design — is unnoticed. We have submitted proofs of the page in question to two students of the I. T. U. Course of Instruction in Print¬ ing, with the request that they criticize it upon the same basis that they criticize other examples which are submit- 1 -MVjlC i WEDNESDAY EVENING FEBRU- 5 ART TWENTY-SIXTH NMCMVIII 0 AT ON 8 HUNDRED FIFTY-ONE jj COMMONWEALTH ^AVENQJE i j* “ Music Program,” printed by Bruce Rogers, in 1908, with materials previously used in his books. The long S in “ Music ” is an f with cross¬ strokes off. 712 THE INLAND PRINTER ted to them with some of the lessons of the course, and we feel that their replies will be of interest to other students of typography and to readers of this department. They are as follows : “ The first thing that attracts my attention in connec¬ tion with the cover-page for ‘ music program ’ is its decora¬ tion, which has been so lavishly put on and is so dark in tone as to completely overshadow the reading matter. “ Lesson No. 13 of the I. T. U. Course deals with ‘ tone harmony/ and I am thoroughly convinced that, as the les¬ son states, tone harmony is one of the principal factors in good typography. To me nothing is more displeasing than to see a job on which the decoration has been so darkened, as compared to the type, that it seems to stand out from the reading matter. In a design of this character * the eye is attracted by the decoration and irresistibly drawn toward it, even when trying to read the matter above.’ On some classes of work I think it is permissible to give the type matter a darker tone than the decoration, but I feel safe in saying that on high-grade work the type should never be subordinated to the decoration. “ During my work on the lessons of the I. T. U. Course I sent in a job on which an excessive amount of decoration had been used, and received this paragraph in my letter of criticism : ‘ The main idea in creating a design should be in arranging the type in a pleasing and readable manner. After this is accomplished a judicious use of consistent decoration will give the job character. Understand, we do not discourage the use of decorative spots, borders, etc., but we do claim that the decoration should be so placed or arranged, and of such proportion, as to give added attrac¬ tiveness to the reading matter, and not force itself upon the reader’s attention.’ I think this paragraph could very well be written in criticism of the ‘ music program ’ cover- page. Not only is it lacking in tone harmony, but the decoration is excessive. “ My idea of any printed job, no matter of what nature, is that it must first convey a message and then an impres¬ sion that will fix the message firmly in the reader’s mind. This can only be accomplished by treating the decoration as a secondary item, or rather as an auxiliary to the mes¬ sage. The application of this thought is very noticeably lacking in this design. It is an excellent example of care¬ fully drawn, consistent decoration, and shows a thorough knowledge of the balancing of groups, but as a specimen of typography it is at fault, and this mainly because the reading matter is the lesser attraction — thrown into the background and of very little importance as compared to the decoration. “After pointing out the lack of tone harmony and the overdecoration of this job, my next point of criticism is that the inside decoration is too pictorial and was appar¬ ently designed more from a realistic standpoint than with a view to its relation to the type matter. “ This lack of 4 shape harmony ’ explains itself in Les¬ son No. 12 of the I. T. U. Course, which states that * har¬ mony requires that the details of a design shall have some¬ thing in common.’ The contour of this spot of decoration is very ragged and uneven ; certainly not harmonious with the squared-up group of type and the regular border arrangement. Something more conventional would have been preferable. The same motifs of design could have been conventionalized into an enclosing form — such as a rectangle or an inverted pyramid — that would still have a representative nature and also be correct as to shape har¬ mony.” — Jerry Becvar. “ Received the job for criticism. This design shows very little thought of tone harmony. The ornamentation is so heavy that it makes the type matter the weaker part of the job, and the composition is still further weakened by wide spacing between the lines. “ The formal style in which the type is set does not con¬ form very well to the nature of the ornamentation. It seems to me this style of ornament would be more appro¬ priate for a tailpiece to be used after several pages of reading matter than to be used on a title or cover page.” — Glen Coleman. _ _ LIFE. And what is life? ’Tis hut the interim Between the morn of infancy and eve of age. The brief probation where we earn the wage Set forth in words most plain ’tween man and Him Who holds us in the hollow of His hand ; A road traversed by all ; and in its length He tests our weakness, feels our strength ; God knows, and thus He so appoints our ways That each has just enough to fill his days With joys and sorrows, and with good and ill, So to befit us that, in His good will, Each naked soul before Him takes its stand. And so we mourn thee not, 0 comrades, friends, Whose journey o’er this rugged road of life Is at an end, with all its care and strife ; We mourn thee not, but fond remembrance lends A deeper, truer love unto the spell Thy presence here has left upon our hearts ; We count as naught the little space that parts Our souls from thine; for we shall meet again In God’s appointed time, somewhere, somewhen ; His love is o’er us all, both there and here, And, resting thus, we have no cause for fear — The loving Father doeth all things well. — IF. II. Pierce, in Memorial Day program, of Chicago Typographical Union. A KINK, ON WASHING TYPE. The following method of cleaning type has been found by R. W. Springer, of Fort Schuyler, New York, to be very handy and very good. In making lithographs, the pattern is first laid upon the stone in some material that resists water. Then the stone is thoroughly wetted and usually wiped dry. Then the ink-roller is passed over the stone, and the ink is only able to adhere in the places where the water has not struck. The new method of washing type is built upon the same principle. The type is placed in a shallow pan and thoroughly wetted all over. Then a little kerosene is placed on the brush and the inky part of the type is scrubbed therewith. The kerosene dissolves the ink; and, unlike benzine, does not evaporate and deposit it again. The kerosene can not touch the type where it has been wet, but only on the greasy and inky portions thereof. After the face of the type has been lightly scrubbed for a moment, it is again flushed with water; and the dirty kerosene floats off. If new type has been used it looks as bright as new after this treatment. The shank of the type remains just as bright as if it had never been used. _ FIFTY PER CENT DISCOUNT FOR TRUTH. Berkowitz and Sternberg, traveling salesmen, met on the train. “ I have just come from St. Louis, vhere I did a tremen¬ dous business,” said Berkowitz. “ How much do you think I sold? ” “ How should I know? ” replied Sternberg. “ Of course you don’t know, but vhat do you guess? ” “ Oh, about half.” “ Half of vhat? ” “ Why, half vhat you say.” — Everybody’s Magazine. Typographical Designs By I. T. U. Students and Others Fig. 1. A simple title-page designed and lettered by L. S. Lauritzen, a student of the I. T. U. Course in Printing. Fig. 2. An attractive cover-page de¬ sign by Louis Silverman, a student of the I. T. U. Course in Printing. Fig. 3. Unique statement design by J. E. Worley. Admission ticket by J. G. Gray, I. T. U. Course in Printing. Fig. 4. An interesting and attractive rule arrangement by Thos. W. Ashe, I. T. U. Course in Printing. Fig. 5. Two bill-head designs. The upper one, especially attractive because of its lettering, is by C. S. Roray; the lower one, noticeable because of its unique and interesting border, is by Miss N. M. Suy- dam. Both are students of the I. T. U. Course in Printing. Fig. 6. Letter-head and envelope de¬ sign by Bertsch & Cooper, Chicago, for a printing house. These illustrate the ten¬ dency toward the use of lettered effects by printers. Fig. 7. Another interesting page de¬ sign by Louis Silverman. THE MERCHANTS' ASSOCIATION OF PITTSBURG YEAR BOOK 1908 THE GEM PRESS P1TTSBUR0 Figure 1. Figure 2. ffl IN account with 157 SOUTH ThiHTIBTH STAB8T Bell PwoNfi A-1232 1$. If. drupe *0>«r a»6 ^4-^ lEttgratipr Eighth Annual Concert of the Chicago Musical Association Handel Hall Monday Evening January 20. 1 908 Admission .One Dollat Fisurb Price List of Sterling Silver Ware Nineteen Hundred and Eight /. HARIMAN& CO. CHICAGO Figure i. S3 o 3 a d <4 s Fiourb 5. c7lOiR'D & Trintenr tpublirheyor ^lankSBook iMakerr joo-jo6 St ClairAVe.pOW- joo-io/SCoble Court, SCPf Guy. Central 580.5 Cleveland, Ohio Fiodbb 6. The Beauties of Learning Designed for the Instruction and Entertainment of Youth By L. M. STRETCH, M. A., VICARj, of TWYF0RD and OUSELBURV Hampshire, London. Printed for C. DILLY and T. N. LONGMAN Paternester Market, City. 1798 Figure 7. THE INLAND PRINTER 713 SPECIMENS Under this head will be briefly reviewed brochures, booklets and specimens of printing sent in for criticism. Literature sub¬ mitted for this purpose should be marked “For Criticism,” and directed to The Inland Printer Company, Chicago. Postage on packages containing specimens must not be in- on the entire package. S. S. Osgood, Norfolk, Virginia — Your leaflet for the Old Dominion Paper Company is certainly an original and clever design. Its timeliness should make it very effective advertising. That the Hahn & Harmon Company, Minneapolis, Minnesota, not only believe in high-class printed matter for others, but practice what they preach, is evidenced in a book of samples which they recently sent out. It is 9% by 12% inches in size, and contains numerous examples of cover- pages, title-pages, etc., all tipped on heavy cover-stocks and tied with heavy silk cord into a beautifully embossed cover. The designing, printing and embossing are all that could be desired, and speak volumes for the capabilities of the Hahn & Harmon Company. We reproduce herewith one of the specimens of designing. Mercantile Printing Company, Honolulu, T. H. — The specimens which you sent are excellent in general arrangement and color, although we think that if instead of attempting to square up the upper group on the first page of Young Men’s Christian Association circular, you had made it more in shape like the lower group, omitting the rules, the effect would have been more pleasing. Excessive spacing, either between words or letters, in order to obtain a square effect, should be avoided. The McCormick Press, Wichita, Kansas. — The June number of “ Impressions ” is very attractive, neat in design, and with snappy text matter. It can not fail to prove good advertising. Fred W. Haigh, Toledo, Ohio.- — The monthly calendars which you issue are among the best that reach this department. The ideas are always new and clever, and your customers must certainly look forward to their arrival each month. We have received from J. Harry Drechsler, Baltimore, Maryland, a unique advertising device, consisting of an excellent imitation of a large firecracker. Upon pulling the cord which serves instead of a fuse, a neat little folder is brought into view. Among other interesting advertising literature, the Santa Fe has recently .produced a booklet of illustrations used in advertising one of its trans¬ continental trains. These illustrations comprise types of the different races inhabiting the Far West along the Santa Fe trail — Spanish, Indian, Chi¬ nese and American. We show one of the reproductions herewith. It is especially interesting to printers as an illustration of the use of hand¬ lettering of a distinctive character. From The James Bayne Company, engravers and printers, Grand Rapids, Michigan, has come an ornate catalogue showing specimens of work in photographing, engraving and printing. The work throughout is of such nature as to permit of no criticism whatever. The Marsh Printing Company, New Philadelphia, Ohio. — The announce¬ ment is very neat and pleasing in design. Personally, however, we would prefer the job run in two colors, omitting the green, as it does not seem to improve the appearance enough to pay for the extra impression. One of the handsomest catalogues that we have recently received is that of the Dexter Folder Company. The cover-design is an artistic piece of work, embossed in soft colors on brown stock, and the inner pages are well printed in black and brown on heavy coated paper. The arrangement is very satisfactory and the printing of the half-tone illustrations is excellent. One of the most unique menus that has reached this department is that recently used at a dinner given by the Terra-Marine Company, of Staten Island, to the bankers and brokers from all parts of the country who han- 714 THE INLAND PRINTER die its securities. The menu is a facsimile of the bonds issued by the company, the menu being printed on the bond proper and the coupons each bearing a short, snappy phrase. It was designed and arranged by Putnam Drew. The printing-house of Landby & Lundgrens, Malmo, Sweden, has sent out a very handsome portfolio of specimens of designing and printing. Unusual effects characterize the work throughout. We show herewith a panel was in light blue, the line immediately under the panel in orange and the balance in black. “ Union Pacific Outings,” a booklet descriptive of the fishing in Colo- of the pages contains a reproduction of a photograph of some phase of camp life, from the business man in his office deciding to take a fishing trip to the breaking of camp. The booklet bears the imprint of the Wood¬ ward & Tiernan Printing Company, St. Louis. The Mills Printing Company, Griffin, Georgia. — The cover-page designs are all very creditable. As to color, unless there is some special reason for the use of red or orange, we would suggest that something cooler in tone be substituted. This applies particularly to the Griffin District Insti¬ tute job, as we presume the other job called for red. Too much of a warm color gives a flashy appearance to printed matter. The Northern Pacific Railway has recently sent in three booklets which are exceptionally creditable. Of the three, the Souvenir Itinerary of the Chicago Association of Commerce is perhaps the most dainty and artistic, having a beautifully lettered cover and title-page and being attractively embossed in colors. The other booklets — “ Minnesota Lakes ” and “ The Land of Geysers ” — are well designed and printed, and very attractive. The Southampton Times, Southampton, England. — The most noticeable feature of the package of commercial specimens is the over-ornamentation. A great variety of designs are shown, many of them very pleasing, but too great a proportion of them show an excess of decoration. Take, for exam¬ ple, the “ Building Brick ” booklet. The inner pages would be much more satisfactory if the decoration outside the border had been omitted, as the latter in itself furnishes enough ornamentation for a job of this character. Elaborate decoration is costly to produce, and, where it is not of such nature that it supplements the text by being directly related to it, one should be sparing in its use. J. R. Genters, Norfolk, Virginia.— The admission ticket is at fault in several particulars. The rules which you have used are too light to har¬ monize in tone with the type next to which they are placed. The initial letter in the center group of reading matter is too black for the text which follows it. It is also a trifle too condensed, and there is too much white space at the side and bottom. We note very poor spacing in the first and third lines of this center group. We would suggest the omission of punc¬ tuation points at the ends of lines and on the envelope corner. A recent time-table issued by the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad should prove exceedingly popular with travelers. Instead of the conventional time¬ table, this folder is arranged in such manner that the traveler can follow, by a series of descriptive notes regarding the stations, his route between Denver and Salt Lake and Ogden. The scenic attractions and points of interest are concisely described, the elevation above sea-level, the distances from terminals, the various industries and resources of the territory tra¬ versed, are all included. Simplicity of design characterizes the recent booklet of the Borough Polytechnic Printing Classes, London, England. The booklet shows speci¬ mens of work designed, composed and printed by the students, together THE BOROUGH BOOKLET %mm 1908-9 BEING REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS OF WORK DESIGNED COMPOSED AND PRINTED BY THE STUDENTS OF THE BOROUGH PRINTING CLASSES, TOGETHER WITH A PAPER ILLUSTRATED WITH EXAMPLES BY ARTHUR C. EDWARDS fp| THE BOROUGH POLYTECHNIC PRINTING CLASSES with an able paper illustrated with examples, by Arthur C. Edwards. The title-page, a reproduction of which we show herewith, will give an idea ®f the simplicity of design which is to be found throughout the work. The original of this page was in black and orange, the rules and design being in the latter color. _ _ _ A JOURNEYMAN PLUMBER. The householder smothered his wrath, and descended to the basement. “Are you the plumber? ” he asked of the grimy-looking individual who was tinkering with the pipes in the cellar. “ Yes, guv’nor,” answered the man. “ Been long in the trade? ” “ ’Bout a year, guv’nor.” “ Ever make mistakes? ” “ Bless yer, no, guv’nor.” “ Oh, then, I suppose it’s all right. I imagined you had connected up the wrong pipes, for the chandelier in the drawing-room is spraying like a fountain, and the bath¬ room tap’s on fire! ” — Weekly Telegraph. THE INLAND PRINTER 715 M/«t£(DMC6IIDN The experiences of composing-machine operators, machinists and users are solicited with the object of the widest possible dissemination of knowledge concerning the best methods of dettinjJ results. Back Knife. — An Illinois operator writes : “ What is the cause of metal collecting between the back knife and the mold-disk? I clean the back of both molds every morn¬ ing and grease the mold-wiper with a mixture of oil and graphite, but the metal still gets caked on this back knife so much that it would stop the machine if I did not clean it off. I sent the knife to the factory and had it ground, thinking probably it had become worn to the wrong angle, but this did no good worth mentioning.” Answer. — - When metal adheres to the back knife, take it out and polish the surface next to the disk on a piece of crocus cloth laid flat on a stone or bed of proof press. Rub also the flat or upper side of knife. Set the knife so that it presses evenly against the back of the mold and adjust the guard to prevent the disk springing away from the knife while trimming the bottom of the slug. Assembler-slide Brake. — An operator in northern Michigan writes : “ I am writing you for information regarding assembler slide and brake attached to the new No. 5 machines installed in our office one year ago. When assembling, matrices or spacebands force the slide over too far, thus allowing the top of the matrix to fall back to the assembling entrance, and, of course, the next matrix or spaceband (more frequently) falls inside, thereby causing transpositions. I have tried to remedy this by tightening spring on the brake and also loosening it. I have used oil on the assembler slide and also resin. In fact, I have done everything I could think of to remedy this defect, but still have the same trouble. If you would tell me what to do in this case I would be very much pleased.” Answer. — The brake you are using should be replaced with a new one. No oil or resin should be used. The tension of the brake spring should not be changed. Your trouble will end by applying a new brake, and by cleaning the slide free from oil. Metal-pot. — C. G., Roanoke, Virginia, writes : “ I will again call upon you for information regarding the Lino¬ type. I have just put in a new mold and crucible. I tested same by spreading red lead on back of mold (as instructed in your school) . The test shows a perfect lock-up on the bottom of the mouthpiece, but not touching the top at all. I thought probably that by shifting the pot backward a little, it would tend to throw the pot a little closer at the top. I decided not to touch any of the adjustments until I had heard from you. Since putting in the new mold the knives are trimming the ribs off on the top of the slugs, but the bottom seems to be perfect. I have cleaned both the liners and mold, but without results.” Answer. — The cause of the lower side of the mouthpiece showing strong while the upper side is weak may be due to the front end of the crucible not being placed to full depth in its seat. Remove the cover and liner and see if the upper part of the crucible lugs are flush with the jacket. The pot can be adjusted in all directions by the screws in the pot-legs, but you should remember that the legs are on the jacket and not on the crucible. If the mold is not down to its seat in the disk, the knives will trim the ribs off the slug. The mold being properly in place, the knives can be adjusted to properly trim the slug. Matrices. — An Arkansas operator writes : “ I am enclosing a matrix, not one of the worst ones, however, and would like for you to tell me the cause of the condition of the ears. I think that the mold wheel is too high and shears the ears on one side, and the lift in the distributor box bends them — am I right? I have a hard time getting the magazine seated just right, also. The keyrods, cams, verges, etc., work all right, but the matrices stick in the magazine for some cause or other.” Answer. — The dam¬ age to the matrices has been caused by the mold, but the mold-disk can not be set “ too high.” Rather it is that the matrix line does not drop down far enough to allow the ears to enter the aligning groove in the mold. This stroke is regulated by a screw in the first-elevator head. The second screw engages the top of the vise-automatic stop, and after the first screw is set so that the elevator rises about a sixty-fourth of an inch just before the cast, the second screw can be adjusted. This can be done only while the elevator is at its full down stroke. Send in a line and stop the machine just before the mold-disk advances. Then adjust the vise-automatic screw so that the pawl near the lower end of the lever just clears the sliding dog, which is pressed forward when the mold advances. Remove any metal around these parts, which would prevent their free action. The ears are bent in the distributor box when the parts are badly worn and allow two thin matrices to be lifted at one time. This should not occur in a new machine. The magazine of the Model No. 5 is not adjustable, and if matrices stick it is because they or the magazine are dirty or the damaged ones are making the trouble. Double-magazine Assembler. — E. P. writes: “What are the adjustments to be maintained around the assembler of a double-magazine Model No. 2? I am bothered with matrices bouncing out of the assembler onto the floor. Also the spacebands will strike the assembler-chute spring some¬ times and slip over the assembler gate onto the floor. I am confident the trouble lies in the chute spring; but if I bent the spring so as to fit close to the rails, then I am bothered with transpositions of spacebands and the last letter in a word. How should the chute spring and the first partition extension be set to give the best results? The adjustments around the assembler slide are all right, but the slide is worn some. What do you suppose is the cause of the enclosed matrix having the lower back ear bruised as it is? It appears to be done in assembling, for the first elevator seems to be adjusted properly. At first it will seem that it is done by the matrix striking on the top of the small assembler glass, but this is not the case, for I have the glass-holder bent so that the small glass stands out at the top and the matrices can not strike it. Another thing : The bruise has begun to appear on the matrices running in the lower magazine, which is still more puzzling to me. Can it be that it is just a natural consequence from dropping into the assembler, or is some adjustment at fault? ” Answer. — The space between the assembler-chute spring and rails should accommodate the thickest matrix of . the sizes used in the upper and lower magazines. The spaceband in drop¬ ping should pass freely through or by this spring. See that the points are not bent out of position. The shape of the spring when received should be maintained except as to allowing more or less space as described before. The 716 THE INLAND PRINTER spring, if the old style is used, should be pushed to full height. If the first partition is bent toward the chute spring slightly at the bottom it will tend to slightly retard the speed of the matrices falling and to some extent min¬ imize the bruising of the inside lower ear, as in the matrix you sent. Where this bruise appears on the lower ear of the lower-magazine matrices, the cause is elsewhere. It is evident from the appearance of the matrix that it is strik¬ ing squarely, as the upset appears uniform on both sides. Mold and Mouthpiece. — H. M., Little Rock, Arkansas, writes : “ I am bothered with the last hole in the mouth¬ piece next the keyboard filling up and making the last letter on the end of a line have a bad face, as though the metal were cold. Can you tell me by the enclosed slug if the mouthpiece sets too far toward the keyboard, or what do you think the trouble is? I formerly had this trouble, and removed the mouthpiece and found that on the back it had rusted all around this last hole and the hole would fill up with the rust. I replaced it with a new mouthpiece, but still have the trouble, especially on wide measure, and a large face of type bothers more than small. There was no accumulation of dross behind the old mouthpiece. Plunger is new and there seems to be no cause for the trouble. Can the mold be sent to the factory and ground true so that the feather-edges on bottom of slug will disappear? ” Answer. — The cause of the bad face opposite the first jet in the mouthpiece is due to the obstructed flow of metal through the aforesaid jet. The mouthpiece should be moved toward the left far enough to bring the first jet inside the edge of the right mold liner. Examine the bottom of a solid slug and you will note the condition described. When you have the mouthpiece in its correct position mark the crucible immediately below the first cross-vent so that in the future you will have a guide in replacing the mouthpiece. If the cap of the mold is rounded off on the edge, it can be reme¬ died by grinding, but if the base is also rounded the prob¬ lem is more complicated. However, if the edges are not too badly rounded, they can be ground off. The Mergen- thaler Linotype Company, Chicago, will do this work for you and supply a utility mold while work is in progress. Write them for particulars. Cleaning Magazine. — A Canadian operator writes: “ Knowing that you willingly answer letters on questions relating to the trade, I am taking this opportunity of writ¬ ing to you. I operate a Linotype in the Chronicle office here. The machinist, who is a Monoline man, looks after our machines (Linotypes) as well. In cleaning out the magazine he uses wood alcohol. After a cleaning out, the matrices drop all right for a day or two and then become slow and have a tendency to stick in the channels. Would you please inform me whether wood alcohol is a good thing to use, or is it a bad practice? If it is a bad thing to do, please state the proper powder or liquid to use. Our maga¬ zines on both Linotype machines require cleaning out about every two weeks, therefore something is wrong somewhere.” Answer. — We believe that no harm will follow the use of wood alcohol for cleaning magazines. However, we find that gasoline serves the purpose and is cheaper. The fol¬ lowing is the method for cleaning the magazine and the matrices: Run out the matrices into the assembler and place them in two rows in a news galley. Take a clean cloth and moisten it slightly with gasoline (or alcohol) and rub the ears and edge of the matrices until they are clean ; then take the magazine brush (which should be clean) and put some of Dixon’s special graphite, No. 635, on its bristles, and rub the matrices until the exposed surface is polished. Now place another news galley just over the cleaned matrices and turn them over, thus transferring them to the second galley. Repeat the operation of cleaning and graphiting of the matrices. As for the magazine, it may be cleaned in the machine or it may be removed. If it is to be cleaned in the machine, the front end may be raised about two inches so as to clear the flexible or stationary front, as the case may be. The entrance is opened and covered with a piece of paper. A piece of paper may be attached over the keyrods and allowed to cover the keyboard to keep the dust from entering thereto. The verge-escapement covers are raised and the pi-tube entrance guide is removed to facilitate the cleaning. The magazine brush is now used to remove the dust from the channels by vigorous action, the full length of the magazine, the brush being pushed out of the back end and drawn out of the front end each time. This operation should rid the channels of all loose dust. To remove the dirt, which may be caked near the verge pawls, moisten the bristles with gasoline and brush vigor¬ ously. When clean, sprinkle a small quantity of graphite on the brush, then shake off the surplus. Brush out the channels as before. This operation polishes the surface and reduces the friction between the matrices and surface of the channels. One word of caution: use the graphite sparingly both on the matrices and in the magazine, and do not use free graphite in the magazine. You should have a copy of “ The Mechanism of the Linotype.” Graphite may be procured from the Mergenthaler Company. recent patents on composing machinery. Double-magazine Linotype. — J. R. Rogers, Brooklyn, New York, assignor to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, New York. Filed October 23, 1909. Issued June 15, 1909. No. 924,939. Die-case Controlling Mechanism. — J. S. Bancroft and M. C. Indahl, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, assignors to Lanston Monotype Machine Company, Philadelphia, Penn¬ sylvania. Filed May 10, 1907. Issued June 15, 1909. No. 924,957. Mold Mechanism. — F. H. Pierpont, Horley, England, assignor to Lanston Monotype Machine Company, Phila¬ delphia, Pennsylvania. Filed October 14, 1907. Issued June 15, 1909. Nos. 925,023, 925,024. Multiplex Composing Mechanism. — W. Bancroft, Phila¬ delphia, Pennsylvania, assignor to Lanston Monotype Machine Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Filed March 5, 1908. Issued June 15, 1909. No. 925,073. Impression Machine. — F. H. Richards, Hartford, Con¬ necticut, assignor to American Typographic Corporation, New Jersey. Filed July 24, 1896. Issued June 15, 1909. No. 925,383. Two-letter Assembler. — F. J. Wich, Cape Town, South Africa, assignor to Linotype and Machinery, Limited, Lon¬ don, England. Filed December 23, 1907. Issued June 29, 1909. No. 926,158. Distributor Bar. — R. G. Clark, Brooklyn, New York, assignor to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, New York. Filed December 10, 1908. Issued June 22, 1909. No. 925,753. Linotype Machine. — F. B. Converse, New Haven, Con¬ necticut, assignor to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, New York. Filed November 9, 1907. Issued June 22, 1909. No. 925,754. Linotype Machine. — F. B. Converse, Brooklyn, New York, assignor to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, New York. Filed February 15, 1908. Issued June 22, 1909. No. 925,755. THE INLAND PRINTER 717 ©STAND METHOD FOLLY OF BUYING LABOR INSTEAD OF MATERIAL. BY H. E. GONDER. Notwithstanding the educational campaign that has been carried on by the printers’ supply houses, aided by the trade journals, relative to the false economy of endeavor¬ ing to turn out work with insufficient material, judging from the expressions of writers in the craft journals this condition is to-day one of the greatest obstacles in the path of profitable printing. Every reader of printers’ supply- house literature and printing-trade journals in general must be impressed with the extent and prevalence of this condition of affairs until it would seem that there can be hardly an exception to the rule. Being possessed of intimate knowledge of one (and only one) instance to the contrary, I will recite the conditions arising from this exception for the benefit of those who take great interest in the matter. The McCormick Press is located at Wichita, Kansas. The manager, Mr. A. G. McCormick, was a journeyman printer and started out in business for himself. His was necessarily a small plant at first, and the variety of his material was conspicuous for the reason that there wasn’t any to speak of. But there was plenty of everything to do such work as could be handled, and the profit side of the ledger showed up handsomely in comparison with the gross receipts. After a time the plant and business assumed such proportions as to boast of a foreman other than the boss. This is the period when, according to best information, type-pulling and lead and slug piecing begins. In this instance it didn’t. The foreman “ got his ” when the boss meandered back in the shop and observed a compositor engaged in these familiar stunts. The foreman was fur¬ nished with order-blanks, and when material was needed he was expected to see that it was procured, and instead of waiting for an 0. K. on a requisition the material was ordered and the boss learned of the increase in his equip¬ ment when he received the bill. It is not to be assumed that material is ordered lavishly without regard to its future utility. On the other hand, judgment Is required, and every plan and devise designed to reduce labor, material and consequent expense is thor¬ oughly investigated on its merits from an economical stand¬ point. And when leads or slugs are needed for a certain job, instead of ordering only enough for that particular job, the order is for one hundred pounds, for the reason that founders box them in that quantity, and they are received in better condition. The management, while economical, buys material, believing it to be cheaper than labor — the concern’s most expensive item — and good money is invested on such labor-savers as will pay a dividend on the money invested. The net result can be summed up in this statement : The plant is doing a business of $50,000 a year on a pay-roll of one-half of that of the average shop doing the same amount of business. This feature of the management, however, is not alone responsible for the results obtained in this instance, but is, instead, merely one feature of the business policy observed. The proprietor who regards all workmen as being of a uniform degree of competency, and looks to the amount of wages demanded instead of the amount of labor performed, could adopt Mr. McCormick’s plan with reference to ade¬ quate material, and learn that his profits showed no such interesting results. While good judgment in any one direc¬ tion is to be commended, it does not necessarily indicate a successful business, and a general improvement in the mat¬ ter of conducting printing-plants will not be consummated until a higher degree of sound business judgment shall have been injected into the px-oprietors. COST-KEEPING FOR ENGRAVERS. BY A. W. RATHBUN.* The subject assigned me by your secretary is one I am much interested in, and one that for the past five years I have been trying to make a practical application of in the printing and engraving businesses, but it is so lai’ge and has so many different divisions that it is only possible to consider it in a general way at this time. When an accounting system was suggested to the gen¬ tleman who opened up the engraving department for us, he doubted if such a thing could be attached to an engra¬ ving business. He had never known of it, and did not understand what there was to get the cost of, as he had always understood that if you paid out for labor, material and expenses $4,000 in a month and you sold $4,500 worth of engravings you must be making $500, and that was the only accounting system he had ever heard of in engraving shops. What kind of work was most profitable, what work (if any) was done at a loss, what proportion of a job was labor, what proportion material and shop costs, what rela¬ tion office and selling expenses bore to the finished product when it left the workrooms — all these were entirely unknown quantities, and seemingly it was considered too much of a bother to try to find out what they were. The great aim of those employed in selling engravings seems to be “ Get the order.” If the solicitor can not get it at what he considers the price should be, then take it at or below your competitor’s price — but get it, anyway, appears to be the rule. If there is any question about a charge for extras on account of retouching, special outlining, etc., give the customer the benefit of the doubt, as otherwise you may lose the job. If the price is a little low, the solicitor knows that his house has no means of getting at the exact cost of the finished job, and it will help his total sales, upon the showing of which he expects a salary increase soon. It will also keep the shop busy, and even if the house should lose a little on this particular job it will make it up on something else, is about the way the salesman reasons. And now, gentlemen, to be perfectly honest with your¬ selves, how many of you have in your establishment an accounting system that will enable you to check up your solicitors’ jobs so that you will know positively if you have made or lost money on each and every order? To get at the proper selling price for your product the first thing necessary is to get at the cost price, not what you guess it costs, but what the figures show it costs. Hence * An address delivered before the thirteenth annual convention of the International Association of Photoengravers, at the Hotel Kaaterskill, on July 6 and 7. “ A Complete Cost-keeping System ” was the title given on the program, but we think our caption more nearly describes the speech of the treasurer of the Inland-Walton Company. 718 THE INLAND PRINTER the necessity of finding and putting into use a proper cost¬ accounting system. Your secretary flatters me by making the title of my subject “A Perfect Accounting System.” Now, the system we use is not a perfect one, but it is the best one we have been able to find, and we are going to continue to use it until we can either develop or find a better one. The different headings or branches of a system may be put under the following divisions: labor, material, fixed shop charges and office expenses. All productive labor can be charged against each job as it goes through the shop as one labor item, but we have seen fit to separate it as fol¬ lows: Art, photo, printing, half-tone, line etching and finishing. These can be arrived at accurately by using a daily time report for each workman and transferring the figures to the job-tickets the next day. The troublesome item here is the matter of idle time, and the question we must determine is : “ Should the price per hour charged on the job be increased over the amount paid to the workman to absorb unavoidable idle time (such as when a man is compelled to wait on a camera, or there is nothing for him to do), or should the charge on the ticket represent the exact amount paid the workman and the idle time be absorbed in the percentage provided to cover cost of mate¬ rial and fixed charges? ” A portion of the material can be correctly measured and charged on each job, but there is a proportion which can not be so charged, particularly the chemicals, inks, etc. We have been figuring on a percentage to cover cost of mate¬ rials in each department, together with the cost for fixed charges, which includes the proportion of superintendents’, janitors’ and boys’ wages, also depreciation on equipment, insurance on equipment and sundry minor expenses, includ¬ ing oil, repairs, etc. Having charged the job with the labor that belongs to it and added thereto a percentage on that labor to equal the cost of material and other items such as are enumerated in the preceding paragraph, you have a total which repre¬ sents the shop cost only. If it has been necessary to pur¬ chase items for a job, such as a drawing or a photograph taken outside or some printing, these should be added to the shop cost. Now you have an item to dispose of which pro¬ vokes much argument and upon which there is a wide dif¬ ference of opinion among what I might call cost accounters, in lieu of a better term. It is what we call “ overhead expenses,” comprising rent (also light, power and heat where same are not included in the rent) , delivery charges, advertising, salaries of officers, solicitors, office help and incidental office expenses. The cost of the job as it leaves the workroom is not the cost of the job to your firm. Each piece of work must bear its proportion of these expenses. I believe the percentage plan must be used for a proper solution of this — that is, add to the shop cost of each job a percentage that will equal all of the above items. As a concrete example, let us suppose that the labor for a month in an engraving plant is $2,000 and the material used, $1,000, making the shop sosts on the month’s work $3,000; the rent, office salaries and office expenses for the month are $750. This equals twenty-five per cent of the shop cost of the product and makes it necessary to add twenty-five per cent to the shop cost of each job to find its total cost. For instance, a job upon which the shop cost was $40 would cost, with its proportion of office costs added, $50. Now add to the $50 what you think you should have as a profit for the risk of conducting a business, or, if you are doing business “ just for fun,” sell it at $50 or less. Do not be misled by the idea that the percentages men¬ tioned heretofore are items of profit, for if correct they are not, but represent actual outlay of cash, for which you must have a return on the goods you sell. First find your cost and then add your profit, and, it might be added that if you start out with the fixed idea that you must try to make a profit on each piece of work you handle, the sheriff will always have a stern chase. As an example of the method of showing the costs by departments, I submit the two following examples : EXAMPLE I.— MINIMUM CUT. Art Department : Depreciation and general expense, .... per cent . Photo Department : Labor . $0.11 Depreciation and general expense, 70 per cent . 09 $0.20 Printing Department: Material . Labor . .12 Depreciation and general expense, 25 per cent . 03 Half-tone: Line Etcher: Labor . 08 Depreciation and general expense, 55 per cent. ... .04 Finishers : Finishers’ labor . 42 Depreciation and general expense, 30 per cent . 12 - .54 Outside bills . . Total labor and material . $1.01 Office sundries, 33% per cent . .33 Express . Carfare . General expense, 8 per cent . .08 Gain $1.42 EXAMPLE II — THREE HALF-TONES. Art Department : Labor . Depreciation and general expense, 20 per cent . Photo Department : Labor . $0.77 Depreciation and general expense, 70 per cent... .52 Printing Department : Material . Labor . 33 Depreciation and general expense, 25 per cent. . . .08 Half-tone: 90 per cent . 92 Line Etcher : Labor . Depreciation and general expense, 55 per cent . Finishers: Finishers’ labor . .73 Depreciation and general expense, 30 per cent.... .22 Outside bills . Total labor and material . Office sundries, 33% per cent. Express . Carfare . General expense, 8 per cent . . . Gain . $1.29 .95 $6.53 4.57 $11.10 Were it possible to turn out work for a month and then add all costs together, dividing them according to the THE INLAND PRINTER 719 amount of work delivered, before sending bills to your cus¬ tomer, percentages would not be needed, as actual figures would be at your command. As bills must be rendered promptly, however, we must be governed by our experience in past months for a basis in getting at the expense of pro¬ ducing work. One thing we have proven conclusively, and that is that under the minimum-cut idea, either a half-tone or a zinc, at the prevailing prices in our city — Chicago — is always a losing job, and especially when it is run singly. You can safely figure you are losing from one hundred to three hundred per cent on each one you deliver to a customer. In conclusion, one thing more, by way of caution: Do not attempt a cost-accounting system that is not a part of the general bookkeeping department of your establishment, for it must be treated as a part of your general ledger accounts to make it authentic and reliable. HINTS ON THE INSURANCE PROBLEM.* In taking up this subject I shall treat it not from a prac¬ tical insurance man’s standpoint, but rather from a busi¬ ness man’s view of the situation as it affects printers to-day. Fire insurance is a comparatively modern business. The first company in this country was the “ Philadelphia Contributionship,” chartered in 1752, and an interesting fact is that Benjamin Franklin’s name appeared at the head of the list of directors. I will attempt no argument for the necessity of carry¬ ing insurance, for insurance will readily be recognized as a prerequisite to such credit as a man in the printing busi¬ ness may seek and is indispensable to the financial responsi¬ bility of the man in this occupation. I will not attempt to analyze rates — or the tax for carrying the risk — for that is fixed by the assured in the care exercised in precaution. A large proportion of fires are caused by a lack of proper precaution, and printers’ risks in the past have been undesirable because of it. The rapid growth of our cities and the cheap construction of buildings make almost inevitable the improper housing of our printing plants. This condition in our line and others, with careless super¬ vision, has caused the United States to be the greatest loser by fire of any country in the world. The average yearly loss on each $100 of property covered by insurance in England is about 9 cents, in Italy about 6 cents, while in the United States it is 50 cents. The average loss per capita in Germany, France, Switzerland, Austria, Den¬ mark and Italy combined was 33 cents as compared with upward of $2.25 in the United States. These comparisons were made for the five years beginning with 1900. There is no question but what the printing business has its full share in these losses. The time is not so very far back when it was almost impossible for the printer to get sufficient insurance, owing to the frequent and heavy losses and the bad repute of the trade, but recent years have shown improvement and the underwriters report us better risks than formerly; still we have not secured the rates to which we are entitled. The lowering of rates can be brought about by a stricter compliance with the building laws of the city and the rules of the board of underwriters. No large printing-office can afford to be without a standard sprinkler system. In many cases the reduction of the rate has been sufficient to pay * An address given by Alderman W. P. Dunn before the Ben Franklin Club of Chicago. for the cost of the installation in three or four years, and the printer has been able to secure his insurance at about one-fourth the rate he would be compelled to pay without a sprinkler system. To be fully prepared to meet the emergency when it comes — and it may come any day — every printer should keep a book containing a complete inventory of everything in his shop. There are books on sale now at slight cost that makes this very simple and easy. I would handle the account in this way: Assume an office worth $50,000. At the end of the year charge off ten per cent, or $5,000, leaving the value at $45,000; then add the new material bought during the year, say $1,000, which would make the value of the office stand $46,000. Fol¬ lowing this procedure each year, charging off ten per cent and adding the new, you will find that, with $1,000 pur¬ chases to replenish the worn-out faces and broken material, your $50,000 office will stand on your books about $25,000 actual worth at the end of ten years. By that time you will want to throw out some old presses, etc., and buy some mod¬ ern equipment and your office will again inventory about $50,000. In case of a fire loss your insurance companies will take that plan of keeping values as about correct. Of course, in case of loss you will be required to make a detailed, item¬ ized schedule with value attached to each item, which can be readily drawn off from your inventory book, and prices made from current price-lists of material houses, making reasonable reductions for depreciation on account of use. I believe in using a blanket form of policy and placing insurance with one or, perhaps, two large and old-estab¬ lished agencies. In case of loss, their adjusters, with the general adjuster for the underwriters, will give you a fair treatment and you need pay no commission to professional adjusters. Remember that no paper-stock, cuts or plates furnished 720 THE INLAND PRINTER by your customers will be paid for or allowed in your claim, unless specially insured in the name of the actual owner. Keep the amount of your insurance fully up to the amount called for in the eighty or ninety per cent clause. Because of the general good record the printing busi¬ ness has made in recent years, I am inclined to think that a strong effort, backed by the Ben Franklin Club, would succeed in getting a reduction of the rates for our business in and around Chicago. For the general good as well as individual protection, greater care should be exercised in keeping offices free from accumulations of combustible rubbish; then, with strict compliance with the regulations of the board of under¬ writers, there need be no difficulty in procuring adequate insurance or in settling fairly in case of loss. PROGRESS AMONG THE' POSTER-PRINTERS. Among the pleasurable results of meetings and ad¬ dresses, such as a few employing printers’ organizations indulge in, is the opportunity they give members to hear about what is going on in related trades. A short time ago the Ben Franklin Club, of Chicago, heard from the lips of Mr. J. A. Johnston, of the envelope-making indus¬ try. It was an instructive address. Later the same club, wanting to know something about the cousinly industry of poster-printing, invited President C. W. Jordan, of the Show Printers’ Association of America, to make an address. As usual in such cases, the address held the attention of the auditors, not because of its ornateness so much as because one practical man was telling what he knew and how he lived commercially to other practical men. Mr. Jordan disclaimed any pretensions to the possession of oratorical ability, saying “ when the good Lord created me he figured that I would be an easy mark, so shaped my destinies that I became a printer.” He said that the national association of poster printers was formed for the purpose of “ making the Devil be good. I use the expres¬ sion * the devil ’ for the reason that as many years back as I can recollect poster-printers have not been known as printers’ devils, but as real, live devils among themselves. “ Having associated many years with the various ele¬ ments in the show business, their dispositions had become like that of their customers. Jealousy was a pronounced trait of every office. Poster-printers were so bitter that they gradually became what you might term bitter enemies — -so bitter they would pass one another in the street as perfect strangers. It was next to impossible to get them together in the same room; they were afraid of one another, and distrust was rampant. If Jones took an order away from Smith, Smith would immediately begin to get even with Jones by going to Jones’ customer and cutting the former’s price; then Jones would retaliate. This con¬ tinued for years until the poster-printing industry became what might be termed the anemiac of the mercantile world. By the way, I believe that term might apply to all of us in the printing business. Something had to be done, and that quickly. So about five years ago a few took it upon them¬ selves to visit every poster-printer in the United States. They laid out a campaign, and necessarily the very first step taken was to overcome that feeling of hatred and lack of confidence in one another. After a year’s hard work these missioners finally succeeded in getting seven poster- printers to meet in the same room, at Cincinnati, without calling each other names. “ These seven men, having broken the crust of reserve, found — as men in such circumstances usually do find — that all were human, and our troubles arose from faulty methods rather than wrong-headed persons, as we had sup¬ posed. There was an exchange of views and even confi¬ dences, and those seven men formed an organization to pro¬ mote the best interests of our industry. Six months later the directors held their meeting at the Auditorium Hotel, Chicago, and there were twenty present. “ By the time we held our annual meeting the associa¬ tion had made such headway that forty persons were pres¬ ent. The association has grown steadily in influence and power. Our fourth annual convention, held in New York, was attended by ninety-eight per cent of the show-printers of the United States and Canada.” Mr. Jordan went on to show that merely being an asso¬ ciation did not attract the poster-printers. The organiza¬ tion was the instrument through which much needed work was done. “We had to do something or quit doing busi¬ ness,” said the speaker. A cost system was devised and a commmittee made an educational campaign, giving prac¬ tical illustrations and installing cost systems in various offices. Credit is always a delicate and dangerous question with the business man. It was a little more so with poster- printers. They cater to a business notorious for its fluctua¬ tions, and, as so many show people know little of business, bankers and supply people regarded poster-printers coldly, because, they said, they did business with irresponsibles and unreliables. This condition was not only responsible for heavy direct losses, but gave the printers a reputation that the banks and supply houses made them pay for. A com¬ mittee on credit was appointed to handle this large and important subject. It developed departments that look after credits, the collection of bad debts and also protective measures against contracting them. The influence has steadily moved toward a uniform contract and the elimina¬ tion of the “ dummy evil,” which takes the form with them of making colored sketches gratis. THE INLAND PRINTER 721 Among the essentially special features of this associa¬ tion is the censorship committee, which has for its chief duty the elimination of objectionable posters. Another exceptional function is the work of the business-building committee and the issuance of a weekly bulletin to all mem¬ bers. “ We have accomplished a great deal,” continued Mr. Jordan, “ which may not be apparent to those not familiar with the conditions that existed prior to the birth of our organization. What has been done gives satisfac¬ tion to our members, who are doing well to-day, as the figures quoted in estimates are within the bounds of reason. This has proved an incentive to the production of better work, as poster-printers now secure orders on merit and service.” DISTRIBUTION OF TIME IN A COMPOSING-ROOM. A gentleman whose modesty constrains him to insist that we withhold his name, says he thinks the “ experts ” are overlooking the value of a “ distribution of time ” sheet. It is a business barometer that he has found useful in work¬ ing out the cost problem. Purely a composing-room fore¬ man’s proposition, it has naught to do with overhead and such — just labor. He sends us a statement covering nine calendar months as follows : Total pay-roll hours... General . Foreman . Cutting and preparing copy. Proofroom . Stereotyper and handy man.. Composition (hand) . Distribution . Stoneman . Bookroom . Composition (hand) . Distribution . Stonemen and galley-boy - Linotype-room (three machines) Composition . Care and no power . Recapitulation : Net composition . Distribution and all other labc . 49,559 Per Cent. . 21.81 03.92 02.74 11.50 03.65 . 17.56 52.3 26.7 21.0 . 47.84 60.0 19.6 20.4 . 12.79 90.1 09.9 100. 49.42 50.58 The percentages are obtained from a tabulation of the daily time-tickets — a simpler form than is used in many offices. “ Total pay-roll hours ” is the actual number of hours worked as shown by pay-rolls, and that number of 5-6 hours was charged to jobs handled. “ Pay-roll cost per hour ” is the quotient found by dividing total amount of pay-roll by total pay-roll hours, for the entire period. The office in question is not strictly a commercial shop, and authors’ corrections are included in composition. We are not informed as to the approximate percentage of that item. A PRINTER’S PARABLE. Oliver Dildock was the Whole Show at Old Man Quoin’s Printing Emporium. He had it on the boys in the shop because he was born in Oakland. So in the race for the Coin he started from the Barrier like a Quarter Horse, and it wasn’t long before he had developed into a sixty-horse¬ power Printer. What he didn’t know about Ink and Type wasn’t worth throwing into the “ Hell ” Box. When the rest of the Undesirables in the shop were just cutting into their “ Ham and Eggs ” faithful Oliver had performed half a day’s work, and he kept up this Marathon until he disturbed the slumbers of the night watchman, who had to scare him off the job with a pistol. When Oliver wanted a little Five-Finger Exercise he tore off fifty-seven thousand ems an hour and washed the type for fear the “ Devil ” would exert himself. The Old Man appreciated his thrift and named the delivery horse after him, and once while Mrs. Quoin and daughter were out trying to lasso a son-in- law at the seashore, Oliver was invited out to the Palatial Home, where he was introduced to Quoin’s Old Private Stock. The splendor of the place did not scare Oliver in the least, because he knew that he had earned it for the boss; in fact, he waded up to his shoe tops in the brussels just as though he had been used to it and spilt soup on the $69 table cloth to show his authority. By the time he poured his “ Little Black ” into the finger-bowl he had decided to kick out for himself and to be no longer a Slave to Old Man Quoin. Smothering a few glasses of Grape for Courage, he gathered himself together and skidded across the Maple to the Boss. Making a noise like a Man reciting the Declaration of Independence, he said that he was going after the Filthy Lucre himself, as he was tired of erecting fortunes for others. Much to Oliver’s disgust, the Old Man did not fall on his neck and offer him a half interest in the business, trimmed with his daughter’s hands. Instead, he wished him success, something he was already sure of. He rushed home and gathered his “ for better or for worse ” to his manly bosom, and gave her a few stanzas on “ Equality and Liberty.” The echo of his speech had hardly died away before the supply houses were overwhelming him with their goods. He was given until the Next Coming in which to pay, besides lining his stomach with the best the cafes pro¬ duced in order to get him to accept their gifts. Oliver broke into the Printing Game like a Tornado, scattering business and prices. He worked the Sympathy Racket on many of Old Man Quoin’s customers. Some of the Rough Stuff he handed them was, “ Help a young man just starting in business,” “ an heir coming ” and “ Quoin’s rich.” Since Oliver was not paying the Elusive Coin for his supplies, prices did not worry him. His ambition was to have his presses running night and day, and he accom¬ plished his One Best wish. It wasn’t long before he was known as the Heavy Weight Price-cutter of San Francisco. The only other firm in his class was the Upstart Printing Company, who did work for nothing, but Oliver went them one better and did work for same price and gave a Chromo of Ben Franklin and a bunch of Violets with each order. The difference between Oliver’s and Old Man Quoin’s bids on a job would keep a poor but prolific family a year. 722 THE INLAND PRINTER Oliver forgot that there was any such race as Supply Men; he was too busy spending money to consider them. While he rode on this Crest of Prosperity he decorated his fingers with a cluster of Near Diamonds and opened French Excitement Water for the boys. By the time the Cock Tail Bell rang each evening he had many Appetite Encouragers under his Belt, so that he could give the bill of fare an Awful Play. He bought a Joy Wagon that took three men to see as he flashed by, one to say “ Here it comes,” another “ Here it is,” and the last “ There it goes.” Of course, while Oliver was burning all this Benzine the supply houses were not getting any answers to their bills, so when he blew down to the office one morning he discov¬ ered that he was up against it. So he dug down through the pile of Bills and took out the old Colt’s Trouble Destroyer. Just at the crucial moment when he decided to do the Trick he discovered that it would blow a hole in the suicide clause of his insurance policy. Seeing that there was no other way out of the mess, he tipped the deck of Bills over on himself. It took until noon for the boys to dig him out, and while they were deciding to give up Bull Durham for a week to buy a “ Rest In Peace ” floral emblem for Oliver, the Sher¬ iff dropped down upon the place and realized more in five minutes for the supply houses than they had received in one year. Moral — Price-Cutting is the Son of Foolishness and the Father of Despair. Or, A Small Debt Produces a Debtor — a Large One Sui¬ cide. — Franklin Printer. STRIKING EXAMPLES OF WORKING FOR WORK’S SAKE. Here is a letter from a printer in an Indiana town of about six thousand population and an hour’s ride from Indianapolis, which brings to light an interesting example of “ how not to do it.” “ I have bought The Inland Printer for eighteen years and never miss a copy, and I have been a close student of the cost department, which I consider one of your best features. I am enclosing a booklet on which the customer claims that I was trying to rob him. I quoted a price of $21 for 1,000, figuring machine composition. The enclosed sample was printed and delivered for $14. “ I would be pleased if you would make a comparison of the figures and show in detail which price was fair. If I am wrong I will be glad to be shown up in your publica¬ tion.” Owing to the manner in which we are treating the subject, we withhold the writer’s name. The booklet is a fair piece of work of its class. Our correspondent does not give the wages, but, as there is no union located there, we have figured on a basis of a nine-hour day and $10 a week as operator’s wages — which we believe is low — and get this result: Composition, 22,000 ems at 24 cents . $ 5.28 Time-work (heads, tables, make-up, etc.) . 5.28 Stock . 1.75 Cover-stock . 3.50 Presswork — one 12-page form . 4.00 Presswork — one 4-page form (cover) . 1.50 Binding . 3.00 $24.31 To this we would add ten per cent for profit, quoting $26.50 or $27 as the price to the customer. We fail to see how our correspondent could “ make even ” on the j ob at $21, unless his “ overhead expense ” is much lighter than we have worked into our figures. There does seem to be an odor of robbery attached to the booklet as delivered, but we opine that the firm whose imprint it bears did the rob¬ bing, with itself as victim. For comparative purposes, we had a solicitor of a large and successful Chicago house figure on the job. He took as his basis the eight-hour working day and wages at $19.50, with this result : Composition (machine), 22,000 ems at 60 cents . $13.20 Time-work (heads, tables, make-up, etc.) . 13.20 Stock . 1-75 Cover-stock . 3.50 Presswork — one 12-page form . 5.00 Presswork — one 4-page form . 2.00 Binding . 3.25 $41.90 THE INLAND PRINTER 723 On these figures he would be compelled to quote $45 to the customer — at least, that is about what he would have to get for the work in order to hold his job. This is interesting, both as showing the competition large cities have to meet and the prevalence of cutthroat competition. But does it pay to attempt to meet such com¬ petition as landed this job? The successful bidder appears to be one of those printers who remain in business because they do not do a great deal of it. If we reduce the price of composition to 10 cents, which is less than it costs to “ take care of ” machine composition, we fail to see where there is any money in the job at $14. For the printer’s sake, we hope the buyer is indulging in gammon when he says the work was delivered for that price. But sad experience makes us fear that the job was done for that sum. The practice of doing work at ruinous rates is not confined to “ small fellows ” and “ country printers.” On the Pacific coast Sacramento and Oakland printers are trying to educate the “ big fellows ” in the great city of San Francisco to cease selling printing at prices which mean ultimate disaster to themselves and other craftsmen. The folly of cutthroat competition is very generally recognized. There is an aspiration in the trade for more modern methods and a desire to abandon business ways that were fashionable when storekeepers had two prices and a man never paid the price asked for an article. The craft would like to be as up-to-date in its methods as it is in its productive capacity, but few have the cour¬ age to consistently follow the path that leads to the goal. Our Indiana friend was hit by apparently ruinous compe¬ tition of a town of the same class. A complaint from a small town in Illinois is directed against a city firm in Indi¬ ana, in which the writer tells us : “We wer'e asked to submit figures on a job of circulars, approximately 10 by 15 inches, with three first-class half¬ tones and several paragraphs of descriptive matter in small type, printing on one side. When we were given the specifications, the customer impressed us particularly with the fact that he wanted a high-class job, perfect results from the half-tone cuts, and the highest quality ‘ glazed ’ paper. “ The quantity required run from two thousand five hundred copies to four thousand copies and we were asked to submit prices on both quantities. After figuring for an hour — cost, 50 cents — we quoted a price of $13.50 for two thousand five hundred and $19.20 for four thousand, using enameled book-paper at 7 cents per pound (in Chi¬ cago). The prospect went up in the air, so to speak, and insisted that he had a quotation from a city in Indiana of $2.75 per thousand for the work, and assurances of good work and the use of suitable ‘ glazed ’ paper thrown in. Could we be expected reasonably to turn out a high-grade job on enameled book (70-pound) in quantities up to four thousand at $2.75 per thousand? We believe our prospect was telling the truth about the quotation. When will city printers and country printers cease forcing the cheapest prices they can frame up on the attention of the pros¬ pective customer, instead of talking high quality at a fair price to their patrons? “ We trust you will keep hammering against this ten¬ dency to encourage ‘ cheapness ’ among the trade, or enlighten us as to how we can turn out a fine job of cut and circular work of this size and character at $2.75 per thousand.” We have our limitations, and can not tell one friend how to produce the booklet at the price paid, nor inform the other as to a method whereby he can turn out work of that class for $2.75 a thousand — and make money. But we will keep hammering away at the curse of cheapness, and hope for ever-increasing support from our readers. If that doesn’t come, we shall continue to “ knock ” the old idea and boost the new — that men are in the printing business to make money, and that the customer is the legiti¬ mate person from whom to secure it. STUDYING THE JOB. The wrinkles in a business often save more time than labor-saving machinery. Every printer should make his head save his hands and feet much labor, and reduce his worry. The enterprising printer will study the “ ins and outs ” of this or that job of work that comes to him. He will suggest to his customers little aids and helps, and be quick to see any changes that will be of benefit to the looks of the job. Ornaments suggestive of a line of business will be as good as and answer the purpose of a trade-mark. They can be run in the same color as the body of the work, or in a separate color. A suggestion of this kind will impress a customer with the idea that you are up-to-date in your business and are giving him special attention, and will draw him closer to your office and help to educate him to a point where the price-cutter won’t interest him. Newspaper offices have a chance to rake in a good many dollars in a year by getting up an extra good advertise¬ ment occasionally for different advertisers, especially those who do not get up special jobwork. After the paper is printed suggest to your customer that he have five hundred or a thousand circulars of this form. If your advertising type is somewhat worn place a blotter under your tympan. For the real-estate man who runs a three-inch single-column advertisement, pick out some scraps of cover-paper cut to fit a No. 6 envelope. Print in a harmonizing color. You can give him a job for half the usual price and make extra money. I have used this repeatedly on circulars, cover inserts, and on blotters. It is not new, but is not worked by many offices. — C. E. Barnes, in the Practical Printer. MAYBE SO. Maybe some of those senators think if they made print- paper higher the newspapers will not have so much room to tell what they are doing. — Louisville Post. 724 THE INLAND PRINTER PR.ESSR.OOM The assistance of pressmen is desired in the solution of the problems of the pressroom in an endeavor to reduce the various Roughing Machine (494). — “Will you please give us addresses of firms who manufacture pebbling machines? ” Answer. — - These machines can be obtained from the Fuchs & Lang Manufacturing Company, 29 Warren street, New York, and Dunning Brothers (Incorporated), 64 Fulton street, New York. Rebuilt Rotary Presses (489). — “ I will thank you to favor me with the names of houses handling rebuilt rotary newspaper presses, as I am looking for two for shipment to Mexico.” Answer. — You may be able to secure such presses from R. Hoe & Co., New York, or Goss Printing- Press Company, 732 South Paulina street, Chicago. Black Bronze (495). — “Will you kindly give us the address of an importing house or firm that can supply us with a black bronze? We need this for a special purpose and are unable to procure it in this city.” Answer. — We are unable to find any ink-dealers who know anything about black bronze. Possibly some of our readers do. Machine for Printing Roll Tickets (491) . — “ Kindly furnish me with the name and address of a manufacturer of machines for printing roll tickets.” Answer. — A machine suitable for this work may be obtained from Henry Drouet, 1 Madison avenue, New York. There is another firm, the Ansell Ticket Company, 63 North Clark street, Chicago, who print and furnish these tickets complete. Tympan for Bond-paper Jobs (497). — H. E. Parker, instructor of printing in the New York House of Refuge, in a letter to The Inland Printer, says: “ Note in your June number that for bond-paper jobs the cardboard is placed just beneath the top sheet. I do all printing on bond-paper with a bond-ink, also I put a sheet of glazed card over the top sheet and attach it with the gauge-pins to the sheets beneath. The card can not slip or cause a slur. I find the printing is sharp and clean when done as described above. This letter-head was printed in that way.” The letter¬ head mentioned is printed on a good grade of bond-paper. The type is an extended lining gothic. The printing is sharp and done without excessive impression. The plan is a good one for short runs, but if the card becomes indented greatly and needs changing it can not readily be removed when pinned to the top sheet as described. To Soften Vignette Edge (490). — “ How can I make- ready a half-tone cut so as' to fade away the edge and cause it to remain light during a run of about twenty thousand impressions? I find that a job starts all right, but after a while the soft edge which was weak becomes strong and the solids which were all right become weak. Why is this so? ” Answer. — The reason for this condition is due to a yielding in the tympan and in the cut mount. For long runs cuts should be mounted on metal; then there would be no trouble from that source. The yielding in the tym¬ pan can be remedied by a secondary make-ready after the run is under way four or five hours, or when the vignette edge begins to show harsh. This make-ready is carried out on a thin sheet of hard paper, usually of the same thickness as one of the hangers in the packing. In the marking out, which may be done on the face, with a carbon sheet beneath, the solids and middle tones which have become weak are given a few tissues, and the vignette edge which has gained impression is trimmed or rubbed down. When the sheet is spotted up and attached in the tympan one of the hangers is withdrawn; this leaves an increase only of the few tis¬ sues where added to compensate for the compression. This treatment when properly carried out maintains the softness of vignette edge and uniformity of appearance of the other parts of the half-tone cuts. Heavy Form on a Platen Press (499) . — John Burk, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, submits a few sheets of a sixteen- page booklet form, which was printed on a platen press, with the following letter: “I am sending to you under separate cover four sheets of a booklet form, to see if you think it practical to print a job 10% by 14% on a 10 by 15 platen press. The job was locked up with the quoins in the center of the form. Is the work as good as could be done on a larger press or on a cylinder? ” Answer. — The presswork is excellent in every detail. The half-tone cuts, both square and vignette, are well brought up, and bear evidence of careful handling. The form is extremely heavy, as it con¬ sists of half-tone cuts and type surrounded by a pica wide half-tone border. The press, however, is built with ample strength to turn out work of this character. We would not advise work of this kind being done at high speed. We also believe that the work may be done more economically on a cylinder press. A larger platen press could not have made a better appearing job. Ink Getting on the Sides of Type (496). — A press¬ man writes in effect as follows : “ In an argument between a pi'essman and a printer in regard to the ink running- down in the form on a newspaper press the pressman claims that the trouble can not be wholly avoided, while the printer says it should not occur. There are seven thousand runs on the form, and as the quoins are not locked very tight, so that the column-rules will not work up, the ink works down. In my long experience on presses of all kinds I have always found that news ink on long runs will work down even to the bed of the press. I have found on web machines on removing plates that the ink had worked down in every interstice as far as it could go. The printer asserts that the ink should not be found on the body of the type in this manner, and that it is up to the pressman to prevent it. What can be done to prevent this trouble between pressman and printer? ” Answer. — While we believe the pressman is not at fault, inasmuch that the ink will run down in the form, there is possibly a way of washing the form that will remove the ink. Also, if the form is locked up tight enough, the ink may not run quite so low, perhaps not farther down than the top of the leads. But, as you state, the quoins are as loose as possible to pre¬ vent the column-rules cutting the sheets. Would like to hear from any of our readers who had similar trouble and overcame it. _ BREAKFAST A LA MODE. “ John, I believe the new girl has stolen the whisk- broom ; I left it on the dining-room table last night.” “ I guess the joke’s on me, Mary; it was not quite light when I got up this morning, and I thought you had left a shredded-wheat biscuit out for my breakfast.” — Houston Post. THE INLAND PRINTER 725 PROOFROOM Questions pertaining to proofreading are solicited and will be promptly answered in this department. Replies can not be made by mail. Reverend. — J. T. McL., Hattiesburg (State not named in letter) , asks : “ Is it good newspaper usage to use the title Reverend without the initials or the word Mr., as in ‘ Rev. Jones came to the city to-day ’ ? Is it improper to say ‘Rev. Mr. Jones’? Does not the title Rev. always imply the word the in front of it, which would make it grammatically improper, as well as bad usage, to use it as you would the titles Dr., Gen., etc.? ” Answer. — The only correct use of this title is with the before it, as in “ the Rev. Mr. Jones,” “ the Rev. A. B. Jones,” etc. Such is the decision of every critic who has said anything on the sub¬ ject, and such is the vastly prevailing usage. “ Rev. Jones ” is about as bad as any such thing can be. Harrowing Questions. — We have long wished for something to arouse correspondents to interesting and profitable discussion, and think that we have now found a topic that should have that effect. It comes from an English book on “ Printing,” by Mr. C. T. Jacobi, who was examiner in typography to the City and Guilds of London Institute from 1892 to 1897, and who published in his book the ques¬ tions he asked. One of these questions was : “ What rules would you follow in compounding and dividing words? ” Another was : “ Name the qualifications necessary for a good reader, and mention some of the points in reading bookwork in order to preserve style and uniformity.” These two questions are selected as sufficient, though there are many others that would serve as well. They seem well fitted to set people thinking, and if they strike others as they do the editor we may have some interesting letters. What do our readers think Mr. Jacobi’s own answers would be if he had to answer? The editor has answered them the best he knows how in these columns, but he suspects that Mr. Jacobi would not accept his answers. Does any one know how or where to find rules that would be generally acceptable? Most of the grammarians refer people to the dictionary for compounding. But the dictionary asserted most strongly by its publishers to be the best has, for instance, angel fish and devilfish, hip bone and breastbone, goldbeater and gold beating, and many other such cases. Can any one suggest a rule that would give such an effect? Does any one know of a style-book or any publication that answers the questions satisfactorily? Most important of all, can any one give answers that are really satisfactory to himself? Shall and Will. — D. J. G., Baltimore, Maryland, writes : “ Kindly let me know the correct use of will, shall, would, and should. Let me have your opinion on the fol¬ lowing: ‘ Write us a letter and let us know your wants, and we will be glad to take up the matter with you.’ ‘ We would be pleased to have you call.’ Do you think a com¬ positor is justifiable in changing these to shall and should? ” Answer. — No compositor should ever make any change from copy except to correct an error that shows unques¬ tionably that it can be nothing but an error, and the words in question are not in this class. This being so, the only justifiable action by the compositor in the cases asked about is to follow copy. Compositors have no responsibility in connection with the language of the matter they set, except that they should spell correctly, even if words happen to be misspelled in copy, and punctuate properly even if copy is not so punctuated, unless they are told to follow copy. Certain small responsibilities properly pertain to them, even under “ follow copy ” orders, including the correction of grammar where it is unquestionably plain that what is wrong is accidental and not intentional. Mere little slips in the writing, that no one could fail to recognize as such — for instance, omission of a letter in a word or of a plainly necessary word in a sentence, repetition of a word,, mak¬ ing a doublet, as if the preceding phrase here had been written “ repetition of a word word ” — should be cor¬ rected in setting the type, even with the strictest orders to follow copy. But this should apply only when there is no possibility that copy is right, as in the quoted doublet. Choice of words to be used, of grammatical construction, and of form in regard to anything as to which a difference of opinion is possible, is not to be meddled with either by compositors or proofreaders. It rests entirely with writers or editors. Shall and will and should and would have been discussed extensively in many books, and are even men¬ tioned as special subjects of study in the catalogues of some schools. No such extensive discussion or special study could be possible if there were no difference of opinion as to best usage. It would be supererogatory for us to add another set of rules to those already existing, which range from concise statements, easily understood, to cumbersome and complicated treatises fitted only to show how much some people can say where little is needed. For regularly differentiated rules, and examples of the appropriate uses, our correspondent must be referred to the large diction¬ aries, every one of which contains carefully studied state¬ ments, with exemplifying quotations. Proper use in each instance depends on the primary sense of the word used, but in some instances the senses of shall and will are so nearly coequal that no one but the user can determine whether one of the words is or is not more appropriate than the other. Thus the rules can not always, although they can sometimes, enable one person to decide that another is misusing either word. Will expresses any degree of willingness, from that of the mere promise to the emphatic utterance of positive determination, mainly sub¬ jectively, that is, on the part of the speaker or speakers with reference to action by himself or themselves. Objec¬ tively, that is, as used by one person to another of action by the person addressed, will is proper as expressing mere probability or emphatic certainty. Shall ranges in sense from expression of merely determined future action by the speaker or speakers to that of imperative command or assertion. We have tried only to say enough to show that, while shall and should would probably be better in the sen¬ tences in question, no one but the writer of them can tell positively whether change would be actual correction or not. When there is such good cause for doubt, in this or any other matter, no change should be made by any one except the writer or editor. CHICAGO RAPPED. A Western clergyman announces that the God of the Bible is not the God of Chicago. We had suspected as much for a long time. — Philadelphia Inquirer. 726 THE INLAND PRINTER BY S. H. HORGAN. Queries regarding process engraving, and suggestions and experiences of engravers and printers are solicited for this de¬ partment. Our technical research laboratory is prepared to inves¬ tigate and report on matters submitted. For terms for this service address The Inland Printer Company, Answers to a Few Correspondents. — “ Process Worker,” Seattle, can remove the bichromate of potash stains from his fingers by treating them every day after work with dilute aqua ammonia and then washing the hands well with warm water and soap. T. M. Ault, Spring- field, Illinois, will find an excellent formula for zinc enamel in this column for November, 1908, page 256. National Engraving Company, St. Louis : There is no book published giving intaglio on copper or steel. W. Mosely, Elgin, Illi¬ nois: To take a mold in gutta-percha all that is necessary is that it be softened by heat. To Hasten Chlorid of Iron Etching. — J. W. Sears, Philadelphia, wants to know if there is any way to hurry up the action of chlorid of iron on brass. Answer. — The action of chlorid of iron can be hastened by the addition of small quantities of hydrochloric (muriatic) acid, but it would be well to add at the same time chlorate of potash, or the action will be too violent. It will be well also to keep a close watch on the acid resist on the protected parts. If it is burned in glue enamel it may act as if it was dis¬ gusted with the addition of the muriatic acid and jump off, leaving the lines unprotected. A good asphaltum resist on brass stands the muriatic acid addition well. To Brighten Up Copper or Brass Etchings. — William Slavin, Troy, New York, asks: “ Can you tell me how some etchers get their half-tones to look so bright? I have some brass signs to etch to be afterward lacquered, to protect them from tarnishing, and I want to get the bottoms of the etching as bright as possible. Can you help me out? ” Answer. — The best solution for cleaning the chlorid of iron stain from brass or copper etchings is the one we used to employ for thoroughly cleaning glass for negative making. It was composed of sulphuric acid, bichromate of potash and water in about the following proportions: In one-half gallon of Water dissolve one-quarter pound of bichromate of potash and add four ounces of sulphuric acid. We kept this mixture in a lead-lined tank, for it seemed to be destructive of any other vessel. Fourth Plate in Four-color Work. — M. Griffin, Cleveland, Ohio, writes: “ Will you kindly give me formula in your next issue, if possible, for a gray filter to be used for the making of the black plate in four-color work? Am using the liquid filter, but as yet have not got a satisfac¬ tory dye for this gray or black plate.” Answer. — The cus¬ tomary way to make this black or key-plate negative for four-color processwork is to register the three-color record negatives exactly upon each other and fasten them securely in that position, then put them in a positive camera and by transmitted light make a positive from the combined three negatives. From this positive make a negative and there you have a negative containing all the deepest shadows in the original. Read the reply in this number to correspon¬ dent who is puzzled over an orange and black cover-design. Saalburg’s Photogravure in Colors. — George Fritz, Vienna, Austria, makes several inquiries about the new invention for printing photogravures in color on a calico- printing machine. Mr. Fritz and all the others who have been curious about this new process will find Mr. Saalburg’s own description of it, published in his United States Pat¬ ent No. 923,799, issued June 1, 1909, under the title “ Proc¬ ess of Making Pictures.” The first account of the process with an excellent exhibit of it, in the reproduction of an oil-painted portrait, was in The Inland Printer for December, 1908, pages 383 and 384. The copies containing this exhibit have been bought up by collectors who appre¬ ciate the historical value of the first exhibit of a process which has a future of great importance. The Grained Bitumen Process. — A process which has heretofore been kept a secret is the method used by which a fine grain is had from a photographic negative on alumi¬ num, zinc or stone by some few lithographers in Europe. Mr. Guy Symmons, manager of the photographic depart¬ ment of one of those establishments, told before the London County Council School of Photoengraving and Lithography, London, just how it was done. For different purposes the formulas are as follows : For aluminum. For zinc. For litho. stone. Asphalt . 7 gms. 7 gms. 5.6 gms. Chloroform . 100 ccs. 100 ccs. 100 ccs. 1 Benzole . 9 ccs. 8 ccs. 5 ccs. Alcohol . 35 ccs. 36 ccs. 28 ccs. Ether . 50 ccs. 50 ccs. 50 ccs. The only benzole which it is claimed can be used for this process is that supplied by a gas-works, the whole secret of the grain lying with this benzole. For different materials the formula varies, but the grain may be varied by changing the formula. If too coarse, more benzole must be added, and if too fine, more alcohol. The ingredients should be dissolved in the order shown, and the last items should be added very gradually drop by drop while stirring the solu¬ tion. The coating of the plates must be done in a room at a temperature of sixty degrees, absolutely free from any drafts of air, and the plate warmed to about blood heat, slightly warmer at the bottom than at the top. Pouring should be done through a funnel direct on the plate, coat¬ ing from left to right, rocking the plate all the time. The plates will keep for months when coated, if put away in a dry dark cupboard. The great drawback to the method is the long exposure required. With a negative, not at all dense, one and one-half hours in bright sunshine is not too much, or an equivalent exposure to arc lamps is necessary. This exposure must be much longer if the light is at all weak. The developer is the following: Benzole . 8 ccs. French turpentine . 50 ccs. Aniline oil . 1 cc. A good deal may be done in the development in competent hands by local treatment in using the developer. The weights and measures are given in the metric system, as most operators in this branch of processwork use that system. “ The Photography of Colored Objects,” by C. E. Kenneth Mees, D.Sc., is the very latest contribution to the subject of color photography. To give an idea of the author’s style just one quotation will suffice. Doctor Mees explains just why all red objects appear black under the Cooper Hewitt lights in the following: “ We should form the habit of considering a red object, not as one that reflects red, but as one that absorbs green and blue violet. Take a THE INLAND PRINTER 727 scarlet book and examine it by a light containing no red — such, for instance, as the mercury vapor lamp, in which red is almost entirely wanting. The book will no longer reflect red light, because there is no longer any red light for it to reflect, but it will still absorb the green and blue violet of the lamp, looking black; it has not changed its nature, and we should still be justified in saying that it is red if we define red as we have done above.” The book has sixty- nine pages, fourteen plates, a color-chart and a photo¬ gravure frontispiece. Published by Tennant & Ward, 122 East Twenty-fifth street, New York. Price, 50 cents; post¬ age, 6 cents. To Reproduce a Black- and-Orange Copy.— “ 0 1 d Reader,” New York, writes: “ I have been reading your book for ever so many years and I am sorry now I did not keep the back numbers stead of trusting to my mem¬ ory. I don’t remember that you have answered this ques¬ tion. I expect to have a number of black-and-orange covers to make for a publica¬ tion. At present the designs are simple and we are get¬ ting the separations by mak¬ ing two tracings, but I want to make photographic separa¬ tions. If you have answered this question before please send me the date.” Answer. — Don’t recall that this ques¬ tion has appeared before. To get black-and-orange separa¬ tion negatives from your copy make first, through an orange screen, a record negative of the black and from this a positive on glass. Make the best record negative you can of the orange, which will, of course, also contain the black. Put the positive record of the black you have in regis¬ ter with your orange-record negative and you will find the black masked or shut out completely in the orange- record negative. Make a positive from this last com¬ bination and from this posi¬ tive a negative, and this last will be a record of the orange in the copy separated from the black. The process is roundabout, but, if any of our readers know a better one, we would be glad to have it. Reproduction Methods Cheaper Than Zinc Etching. — Henry T. Weed, Brooklyn, New York, writes: “From time to time I wish to have drawings reproduced. They are very small. I need only about two hundred copies of each, and the quality of the reproduction need not be first class, while cost is a decided item. Can you suggest a process by which they can be reproduced at a minimum expense? Something cheaper than a zinc etching, if it can be had. I am a subscriber to The Inland Printer, so that an answer there will reach me.” Answer. — The inven¬ tion of Mr. Payne whereby he furnishes a sensitized metal plate which can be used in the camera as a photographic dry plate is now used and the image gotten direct on the metal would seem to be the ideal method for your purpose; but “ Payne type,” as it is called, is not ready for the mar¬ ket yet. You might find one of the several letter-copying and duplicating methods used in business houses to answer your requirements in a crude way. If you could make a number of your drawings close together on a transparent medium like celluloid and print them on cyanotype or blue-print paper, it would be a cheap practical way of get¬ ting two hundred prints by photography. The drawing- can be a negative one if the celluloid is coated with a red or orange varnish and the drawing is scratched through this varnish with a point. Trouble in Stone Print¬ ing. — “Lithographe r,” Cleveland, Ohio, writes a let¬ ter about his trouble in get¬ ting a print on stone. “ On zinc with a three-minute exposure I get a good print, but on stone the dots are ragged, the fine dots rub off and the dark parts fill in.” Answer. — Your trouble will be found in one or all of the following reasons: (1) Former albumen prints have not been thoroughly removed from the stone. Albumen sinks deeper into the stone than one would believe. (2) Your albumen film is too thick in places. (3) The ink is not fine enough, or you put it on with a leather instead of a composition roller. After grinding away the old surface of the stone you should treat it with a little soda potash, or ammonia water, to make sure that all the acid in the stone has been neutralized; then wash away all traces of this alkali. Use eight to ten ounces of water to the white of one fresh egg and fifteen to twenty grains of bichromate of ammonia for your sensitiz¬ ing solution. Flow this solution over the stone at least three times before you drain the last off and whirl. When the stone is dry get the stripped negative in contact with it by the use of sweet oil or castor oil, either of which needs to be well wiped off before inking up the stone. The com¬ position roller lays down a smoother film of ink than the leather ones. When developing the stone use wet cotton gently in the stream of water flowing from the tap over the stone. All the operations, from sensitizing the stone to developing, should be performed in a room lighted by a yel¬ low light or gas light; excepting, of course, the printing through the negative in sunlight or electric light. 728 THE INLAND PRINTER EDUCATION ABOUT THE VALUE OF “ DRAWING.” Henry Lewis Bullen is an undoubted authority on many — perhaps most — things connected with the graphic arts, but he does not seem to grasp in his usual masterly way the essentials of the educational movement now occupying the craft’s attention. In the first article of The Inland Printer for July Mr. Bullen brackets the North End Union School at Boston with the I. T. U. Course, and later on truthfully says, “ The young printer will do well to learn to draw in simple, correct fashion, or architecturally.” There is a vast difference between the two institutions. At Bos¬ ton the capable Mr. Stewart, with his heart in his work, is fitting prospective apprentices to take their places in the workshop. There is no doubt that many journeymen would be benefited by the instruction given, for few are they who have had such opportunities, but Mr. Stewart would quickly deny that he is making printers. He is trying out would- be apprentices and the sifting process has borne excellent fruit. The I. T. U. Course in Printing, on the other hand, would be of comparatively little value to the beginners in Mr. Stewart’s classes, but it would prove of service to them later. The suggestion that “ the young printer will do well to learn to draw,” etc., is in line with what the I. T. U. Course is doing. In the arrangement of lessons, given in this department, it will be seen that the first group compre¬ hends lettering, which is done in free hand. This gives the students such dexterity with the pen or pencil that many of them previously unskilled in this respect prefer to send in composition work in ink or pencil sketches to putting them in type. There are scores of International Typographical Union students who can do “ stunts ” like unto Mr. Rogers’ Michaelangelo cover. The “ drawing ” taught in the I. T. U. Course may not be exactly what Mr. Bullen had in mind, but it serves every purpose, and is of great value to the compositor. Lack of facility with the pencil — even without a knowledge of let¬ tering and design — has been the cause of the downfall of many nervous compositors. If they had but taken time to sketch their jobs there would have been more successes and fewer failures, and it was the latter that caused them to “ lose out.” In many composing-rooms there is an unrea¬ soning prejudice against the men who use sketches. Some foremen are pronounced opponents of the practice, regard¬ ing it as a time-losing proposition. There couldn’t be a greater mistake. It is the opposite of that, being not only a time-saving device, but a good-work producer. Some for¬ tunate persons are able to visualize accurately and see in the mind’s eye just what a job will look like; those not so gifted should seek the aid of pencil and paper. They are at a disadvantage as compared with the more fortunate; but they are at a still greater disadvantage if they dispense with this simple aid. There is a story of a shrewd mer¬ chant who advertised for a bookkeeper. The usual coterie of applicants were in the anteroom and as one after another came out of the inner sanctum with dejected mien, it occurred to one of those waiting to ask a rejected appli¬ cant why he was turned down. “ I don’t know,” was the reply. “All. the old curmudgeon asked me was ‘ What is twice two? ’ I told him ‘ four ’ was the answer, and His Nuts said I wouldn’t do.” When the inquirer was called, the same question was put to him. He pulled out paper and pencil and did the sum in the usual way, showing the result. He was engaged on the spot, the employer saying he didn’t want a bookkeeper who was so careless that he would give answers involving figures without taking the precaution to put them down on paper. The rough sketching of jobs, like writing down figures, gives exactness and guards against mistakes. As students of the I. T. U. Course become more numerous, this prejudice will break down. They, with their facility with the pencil, will not disdain to use the means so successfully employed by commercial artists or designers, who are invading the typographer’s domain, partly because they sketch and partly because printers have neglected or refused to do so. At the moment there occur several incidents which serve to show the value of this accomplishment. One student who is apparently youthful-looking, and does not speak English fluently, being foreign born, was denied employment by a foreman who advised him to arrange to serve under instruc¬ tions for some time. This not being at all to the student’s liking, he sketched some jobs and was engaged on the spot. The student complains of being sneered at by his fellows for sketching, and expresses regret that he is unable to make his tormenters understand what an advantage the I. T. U. Course would be to them. Another student writes that, notwithstanding his youth, he is receiving considerably more than the scale, because he now sketches work for the other compositors. And still another, who sent in his first lesson about the end of January, inquires in July as to the price he should charge for sketches and lettering, as some business firms had given him work to design and others had volunteered to give him full charge of their printing here¬ after. The printer is learning to draw, and to some purpose. LESSONS IN THE I. T. U. COURSE. We print herewith list of lessons given in the I. T. U. Course in Printing, together with terse explanations of what has been called the “ new features ” : Lesson 1 — Lettering : Lesson 2 — Lettering : Lesson 3 — - Lettering : Lesson 4 — Lettering : Lesson 5 — Lettering : Lesson 6 — Lettering : Lesson 7 — Lettering : Lesson 8 — Lettering : Lesson 9 — Lettering : Roman capitals in pencil. Roman lower-case in pencil. Italic in pencil. Inking in roman capitals. Inking in roman lower-case. Inking in italic. Gothic alphabets. Making cover-page design. Making cover-page design. The foregoing lessons treat of the various styles of let¬ ters, their formation and appropriate use. Aside from the fact that hand-lettering is fast becoming a desirable adjunct of the printing-office, the student gains necessary informa¬ tion regarding the proper use of letters, the laws of spacing, and acquires knowledge that aids him in mastering the next group : Lesson 10 — Design : Balancing measures. Lesson 11 — Design: Proportion. Lesson 12 — Design : Shape harmony. Lesson 13 — Design : Tone harmony. Lesson 14 — Design : Preliminary sketches, or arrange¬ ments of lines and masses. THE INLAND PRINTER 729 The principles of design are not merely the style of to-day or to-morrow. They are the same principles which have been found in good work ever since the invention of printing, and without which we can not achieve satisfac¬ tory results. This is the first time they have ever been expounded by printers for printers. The mastery of the preceding lessons fits the student for the proper application of what is learned in the succeeding group : Lesson 15 — Color harmony. Lesson 16 — Color harmony. Lesson 17 — Color harmony. Lesson 18 — Color harmony. Lesson 19 — Color harmony. Color harmony is not a question of personal taste ; it is a question of scientific fact. In order to successfully pro¬ duce colorwork, or even set up a job for colors, the printer must have a knowledge of these facts, and not “ guess ” at what the results will be. When the student has finished these lessons he has made for himself a chart which is an authority on the contrasts, harmonies and complements of the colors the printer uses. The benefit of the logical structure of the course is now apparent. In previous lessons the student has been drilled in the principles underlying typography. He is now asked to apply those principles (with type or by pencil sketches, as best suits his convenience) to the everyday work of a composing-room. It should be noted that he is not follow¬ ing another man’s style, but applying principles. His work is original — his own conception of how the principles should be applied. Lesson 20 — Composition of letter-heads. Lesson 21 — Composition of bill-heads. Lesson 22 — Composition of business cards. Lesson 23 — Composition of envelope-corner cards. Lesson 24 — Composition of tickets. Lesson 25 — Composition of menus. Lesson 26 — Composition of programs. Lesson 27 — Composition of cover-pages. Lesson 28 — Composition of title-pages. Lesson 29 — Composition of advertisements. Lesson 30 — Composition of advertisements. Lesson 31 — Layouts of booklets and books. Lesson 32 — Papermaking. Lesson 33 — Platemaking of various kinds. Lesson 34 — Imposition : Four and eight page forms. Lesson 35 — Imposition : Twelve and sixteen page forms. Lesson 36 — Imposition: Twenty-four and thirty-two page forms. Lesson 37 ■ — Imposition : Forms for folding machines. PRESIDENT LYNCH THINKS MORE JOURNEY¬ MEN SHOULD STUDY. commission has in mind and as our graduated students demonstrate their greater efficiency in following their trade, that the increased knowledge and ocular demonstra¬ tion will prove a much more potent lesson than the circu¬ lars sent out by the commission. The secretary of the commission has addressed several local unions and with good results. There is another feature to this work that should be touched upon. Our technical education proposi¬ tion has attracted attention from the press, daily, weekly and monthly publications frequently mentioning the course in laudatory terms. Its advertising value must be taken into consideration, and without question this venture has aided in raising the International Typographical Union to a high place in the estimation of the general public. The attention of the delegates and of the entire membership is invited to the report of the commission covering its work for the fiscal year. — President Lynch, in annual address to International Typographical Union. WANTS TO CHANGE PUBLIC-SCHOOL STUDIES. “ If the public school wants to develop social efficiency and promote industrial education, one of the things it can do is to cut out the useless, and, for the most part, unin¬ telligible stuff now being taught, and substitute therefor those subjects applicable to the world in which we live.” This was the statement of Prof. Paul H. Hanus, chair¬ man of the commission on industrial education, who last evening addressed the graduating class of the Boston Trade School for Girls, at the Parker memorial. “ The object of the public school,” said Professor Hanus, “ is to develop a social efficiency and increase the capacity for self-support, and up to this time it has done very little in this direction. “Take the arithmetic as taught to-day, for instance: all that stuff about compound interest, stocks and bonds, bank discount and the lot of other rubbish which I need not name. No wonder you begin to ask what all these have to do with the every-day problems of the world. “Another thing which could be readily dispensed with is a considerable portion of the English grammar. “We have found that we do not acquire good English by rules and by long hours spent over silly analyzing of sentences. We learn English by speaking and reading. “ What the public school must do, if it is to promote the industrial education, is to throw overboard all this rub¬ bish, to make room for the more important things. “A vast improvement could be made in the present sys¬ tem if a more extensive manual training was incorporated into this work. “We should have manual training in every grade of the elementary school, and by the time the elementary course is completed the student will know what his industrial capac¬ ity is.” — Boston Advertiser. Our movement for the better education of journeymen and apprentices in our trade has been quite successful. The report of the commission having this subject in charge goes into detail. Movements of this character are neces¬ sarily of slow growth. That the journeyman or apprentice can be taught the art of good printing through a corre¬ spondence course at first does not qppeal to the average man or boy. Gradually we are overcoming this prejudice, and our commission has demonstrated that its correspon¬ dence course meets all of the requirements. There should be a much larger number of students than we have, but notwithstanding we are doing very well, indeed, and it is hoped that as the membership of the International Typographical Union gets a better idea of the object the GAY YOUNG BLADES. From a crowd of rah-rah college boys celebrating a crew victory, a policeman had managed to extract two prisoners. “ What is the charge against these young men? ” asked the magistrate before whom they were arraigned. “ Disturbin’ the peace, yer honor,” said the policeman. “ They were givin’ their college yells in the street an’ makin’ trouble generally.” “ What is your name? ” the judge asked one of the pris¬ oners. “ Ro-ro-robert Ro-ro-rollins,” stuttered the youth. “ I asked for your name, sir — not the evidence.” — Everybody's Magazine. 730 THE INLAND PRINTER THE INLAND PRINTER 731 Summer Meeting.— The Associated Ohio Dailies will hold its summer meeting at Cedar Point, beginning Tues¬ day, August 3, and running to the end of the week. , Empire-day Number. — The Christchurch (New Zea¬ land) Weekly Press published a voluminous “ Empire-day Number” on June 2, consisting of ninety-six five-column pages and cover. While not as elaborate as the annual Christmas number of the Press, it was still a very credit¬ able production. Ad.-setting Contest No. 27.— Last month was an¬ nounced The Inland Printer’s twenty-seventh ad.-setting contest, and it is sure to be a most interesting one, as the copy is difficult and capable of a great variety of styles of treatment. A compositor who enters the contest and secures a full set of the specimens submitted will obtain many most valuable ideas. The contest does not close until August 15, so that there is still ample time to enter. Look up the copy and rules on page 572 of the July issue and see if you can set the best ad. Good Ad. Display. — One of the hardest problems of the ad. compositor, or, at least, the point where most of them “ fall down,” is in the securing of proper contrast. Among several ads. submitted by W. W. Drummond, of the Odessa (Mo.) . Democrat , is one which well illustrates this difficulty. The line at the top is too long for good display — it should have been broken up into two, or even three lines. The type used for the body-letter at the top is almost as large as the display lines in the balance of the ad. This should have been smaller, making room for good, strong display. I have work to illustrate this point. The rest of his ads. are very nicely arranged and well displayed. Skirts Man-Tailored and Made to Measure Demands New Building.— of an i to-day i hundred inches daily, while this summer it is running from eighteen hundred to twenty-two hundred inches. The most interesting part of this condition of affairs is to learn just how such an increase in business was secured, and to a question along this line A. G. Dulmage, business manager of the Gazette, makes the following response: “ We attri¬ bute the reason for this remarkable showing to the fact that the Gazette represents the people’s interests in every way in this community. It has waged a number of very successful battles against corporate interests that have greatly benefited the people of Arizona and the Salt River valley — as an illustration, reduction of freight and express rates have been secured for this territory. The above, com¬ bined with hustling and going after the business, has built up the circulation and advertising in this paper to such an extent that the Gazette claims the largest circulation in Arizona of any newspaper published and carries the great¬ est amount of advertising on week days. In the securing of business in the circulation department premium contests were used; in advertising, personal solicitation secured the greatest increase. We were very successful in the want-ad. department in the securing of new business by the use of premiums and various other schemes, such as giving away a dollar daily to the person bringing in an advertisement with a misspelled word in it. A great deal of interest was taken in the dollar proposition. We have had as many as one hundred and fifty inquiries in one day for that dollar. 732 THE INLAND PRINTER It was an extra good thing, as it forces the people to read the classified ads. and the advertisers were very quick to appreciate it.” Newspaper Criticisms. — The following papers were received, together with requests for criticism, and brief sug¬ gestions are made for their improvement : Fowler (Kan.) Gazette. — An examination of your paper explains why the circulation has increased voluntarily — the large amount of correspond¬ ence, covering all towns within a radius of fifteen miles. Mechanically the' paper is satisfactory. Markdale (Ont.) Standard. — The Standard has been criticized nine times in the past seven years, and in that time has shown marked improvement. The only disfigurement is in the “ Want Ad.” and similar departments, where some of the ads. are badly worn — it would pay to reset these every Odessa (Mo.) Democrat. — Of course, the ideal first page would be free of advertising, but the two ads. at the top of your page are very neat, and being of the same size, are not a bad disfigurement. As both of these ads. are set with double panels it would be better to avoid using a .panel for the heading in the center — a plain type-heading would be much better, as it would afford contrast. Jewell County Republican, Jewell City, Kansas. — Your paper is well printed and you have an active corps of correspondents, but your first page is a disgrace — about three columns of scattered reading matter, princi¬ pally at the bottoms of columns, and ninety per cent of it paid locals. You should give more prominence to real local news — set it in larger type, with headings on the principal items. Novel Publicity. — Edgar E. Bartlett, of the Rockford (Ill.) Register-Gazette, used a novel card to advertise his paper during the summer vacation period. In fact, he considered the idea such a good one that he had it copy¬ righted. On one side of the card was a list of articles which a man usually requires when on his summer outing, and on the reverse side a list for the woman’s needs. At the top of each list was a line, “ First, order the Register- Gazette forwarded.” The two lists are reproduced. Advertising Records. — Reproduced herewith is a page from a loose-leaf record for keeping track of advertising accounts, as used by the Kettle Falls (Wash.) Valley Tribune. The publication dates appear in small figures. A compact advertising record. It certainly makes a very concise record, although the dis¬ advantage of having to print new sheets each month for the entering of new contracts might deter some from adopt¬ ing it. _ ADVANTAGES OF EDUCATION. The Darwin centenary opened in Cambridge yesterday, and in honor of the occasion the dispatches tell of an edu¬ cated monkey, which has turned into a successful burglar. Incidentally, the monkey got first page and Darwin was put inside. — Washington Times. CASE FOR A DESPERATE REMEDY. The Proud Mother — “ This boy do grow more like ’is father every day.” The Neighbor — - “ Do ’e, poor dear? And ’ave you tried everything? ” — Sketch. RECOMMENDATION. Mrs. Handout — “I would like to know whether you are a trustworthy character? ” Dusty Stryper — “ Why, lady, at the last place I worked they called me a trusty! ” — Puck. THE INLAND PRINTER 733 DEFINITE PLANS FOR INCREASING CIRCULATION. SECURING SUBSCRIBERS THROUGH CONTESTS. g|ONTINUING last month’s description of an ! “ Educational Contest,” as conducted by the ] Scranton (Pa.) Tribune, we will give the 1 details of how the contest was managed. When- i ever a reply was received to one of the letters, ! even where only additional information was asked for, or if a postal requesting circulars was received through notices appearing in the paper, a book of subscription blanks with full instructions was imme- The' SCranton Tribune. Please enter on your subscription list the name of Address . for subscription to The Scranton Tribune for . months, and credit me with _ . points in your Educa¬ tional Contest. Amount, $ . Name of Contestant . No: 1. diately sent and the writer notified that he or she had been duly entered as a contestant, “ believing that they would be anxious to commence work at once without delay.” The book of instructions was an eight-page booklet, too lengthy for reproduction here, containing pointers on how TRIBUNE EDUCATIONAL CONTEST DAILY REPORT No. to approach people, what to say, how to close a deal, and urgent paragraphs regarding the value of sticking to the canvass and not becoming easily discouraged. The first book of subscription blanks given a contestant contained but ten leaves, but as soon as results were obtained larger books were supplied. These books were six inches long and two and one-half inches wide. On the first page of the cover was printed “ Educational Contest, Scran¬ ton Tribune,” and blanks for name and address of con¬ testant; on the inside cover-pages was the list of rewards and “ Reasons why people should read the Tribune,” while entered on the “Daily Report” blank (No. 2), together with the number of points to which he was entitled and the amount of money brought in. Each day all new subscribers were sent receipts by mail from the office (No. 3). The contestants did not give receipts to the subscribers, although such a receipt could easily be prepared. Still, it might be mentioned that not a single complaint was received that was not easily adjusted, and although there were hundreds of young people collect¬ ing money in the name of the paper every cent was promptly turned over to the Tribune. A careful record was kept of every subscription secured in a specially ruled book, which proved indispensable as the contest advanced. All disputes were easily adjusted, expirations of subscriptions were quickly ascertained, and, by keeping the book posted after the contest closed, the percentage of subscriptions retained could be easily com¬ puted. The heading of one of the pages is shown, the original being about twelve inches wide, with thirty lines to the page. We beg to acknowledge the receipt from you of & . . . . . , through . . one of the contestants in The Tribune's Educational Contest, payment in advance for your subscription to The Scranton Tribune from . 190 „ to _ 190 We wish to thank you for the subscription, arid trust you will notify us promptly if the paper is not regularly and Satisfactorily delivered. THE TRIBUNE PUBLISHING COMPANY. No. 3. The rules of the contest, which were sufficiently clear to avoid all controversy, were as follows : The special rewards will be given to the persons securing the largest number of points. Points will be credited to the contestants securing new subscribers to the Scranton Tribune, as follows: Points. One month’s subscription . $0.50 1 Three months’ subscription . 1.25 3 Six months’ subscription . 2.50 6 One year’s subscription . 5.00 12 The contestant with the highest number of points will be given a choice from the list of special rewards, the contestant with the second highest number of points will be given a choice of the remaining rewards, and so on through the list. Each contestant failing to secure a special reward will be given ten per cent of all the money he or she turns in. All subscriptions must be paid in advance. Only new subscribers will be counted. Renewals by persons whose names were on our subscription list prior to the opening of the contest will not be credited. The Tribune will inves¬ tigate each subscription and if found irregular in any way reserves the right to reject it. Scranton Tribune’s Educational Contest on the last page appeared the rules of the contest. One of the subscription blanks is shown herewith (No. 1). As the contestant brought in subscriptions, each coupon and stub was dated and stamped “ Paid ” with a rubber stamp; the stub, retained by the contestant, served as a receipt. At the same time the contestant’s name was No transfers can be made after credit has once been given. All subscriptions, and the cash to pay for same, must be handed in at the Tribune office within the week in which they are secured, so that papers may be sent to the subscribers at once. Subscriptions must be written on blanks, which may be secured at the Tribune office, or will be sent by mail. The contest will close promptly at 8 o’clock Saturday evening, August 31. 734 THE INLAND PRINTER Contestants were allowed credit for all renewals obtained by them of subscriptions they had originally secured, as the longer a subscriber takes a paper, the more likely he is to continue, and all were carefully posted regarding expirations by means of the following slip, sent out about a week in advance of the date of expiration : The subscription of . .■ . No . street, which you secured in the Tribune’s Educational Contest, expires . You are entitled to credit for all renewals of this subscription which you are able to secure before the contest closes, and we would suggest that you see the subscriber at once and endeavor to have it continued for six months or a year, as your points will thus be increased more rapidly. Yours very truly, The Tribune Publishing Company. If a subscription expired before a renewal was received from a contestant, the following note circular was filled out and mailed to the subscriber : Your subscription to the Scranton Tribune , which was received through . • . one of the contestants in the Tribune’s Educa¬ tional Contest, expired . We trust that the daily visits of the paper have been a source of pleasure to you, and unless we hear from you to the contrary we will consider that you wish your paper continued. If you prefer to continue paying in advance, you may hand the money to . M . , and we will give h. . . . full credit for the number of points to which . .he would be entitled,- just the same as if you were a new subscriber. Yours very truly, The Tribune Publishing Company. After the expiration of the contest it was found neces¬ sary to continue the notification of expirations in order to avoid misunderstandings. Many who subscribe in this way do not intend to take the paper longer than the time origi¬ nally paid for, and if it is not stopped they will become angry and refuse to pay, but the following letter disarmed these and not more than ten per cent would order the paper discontinued : Your subscription to the Scranton Tribune, which was received through one of the contestants in the Tribune’s Educational Contest, expired . We trust that the daily visits of the paper have been a source of pleasure to you, and unless we hear from you to the contrary we will consider that you wish your subscription continued. If you prefer paying in advance you are at liberty to do so at the same rate at which you subscribed, otherwise we will send you a bill at the end of each month at the regular rate. Yours very truly, The Tribune Publishing Company. As the contest neared its close the interest became intense, and during the closing week the young people worked day and night, each fearing that some competitor was holding back returns. Beginning with the opening day the standing of the contestants was published daily and every change in position made much of. The rivalry at all times was most friendly, and even at the close there was not the slightest friction. To avoid any possible misunder¬ standing, the circular given below was sent to each con¬ testant just a few days before the close: To the Contestants in the Tribune’s Educational Contest: As the end of the contest approaches it will no doubt please you to have a full explanation of the arrangements for the closing day. Not that there is to be any change in the rules, for this is unnecessary, but to avoid any possibility of a misunderstanding we have thought best to address this letter to you. We will continue to publish in the Tribune each day the standing of the contestants, but after the issue of Saturday morning, August 31, no further information will be given until the final result 'is announced on Monday morning, September 2. Returns will be received at the office of the Tribune until 8 o’clock p.m., Saturday, August 31, but do not delay bringing in your last points until an hour dangerously close to the end, as no returns will be accepted from the contestants (except those who make returns by mail) who are not in the office at the first stroke of 8 o’clock, as told by the courthouse clock. Contestants will be required to make their returns regardless of the standing of others at the moment, and the number of points any one may have registered during the day will in no case be disclosed prior to the final announcement. Contestants who send returns by mail will be credited for all that bear a postmark at the postoffice of deposit of 8 p.m. or earlier. In this connec¬ tion it is important to notice that letters left at the postoffiee are fre¬ quently not postmarked at once, and it will be necessary to ascertain just how long before the hour of 8 a letter should be deposited in order to insure its being properly stamped. In case of ties, the one who succeeds in first scoring the number of points will have a first choice of a special reward. The hour of making the return at the Tribune office or the postmark will decide. From now until the close it is advisable to make returns promptly and thus avoid confusion and possible errors on the last day. It will be impossible to make a definite announcement Saturday evening, as returns made by mail might materially change the result. It will also be necessary to examine each subscription to see if it is not a renewal of some person who is already on our books. This rule seems to be clearly understood and there will probably be no trouble in this respect. Thanking you for your continued interest and earnest efforts in the Tribune’s Educational Contest, and wishing you the success you merit, we beg to remain. Cordially yours, The Tribune Publishing Company. Nearly every contestant worked until the last minute of the contest. Over $1,000 was received during the last hour, and it was with great difficulty that the large number of new subscribers were properly served with the Monday morning issue. Next month other contests will be described. MEETING OF WISCONSIN PUBLISHERS. What the fifty-sixth annual meeting of the Wisconsin Press Association, which was held at Superior, June 28, 29 and 30, lacked in numbers it made up in enthusiasm. Supe¬ rior being located at the extreme northern point of the State, it was a long jaunt for some of the publishers, par¬ ticularly as railroad transportation was not available, and as a consequence the attendance was materially affected. One of the greatest problems of State press associations is the devising of means for keeping the members interested and assuring their attendance at the meetings. With this object in view the Wisconsin association revised its by-laws, reducing the amount of dues to those members who main¬ tain a continuous membership for a number of years. The regular annual dues are $2 ; after five years of continuous membership the rate is made $1.75, after ten years it will be $1.50, after fifteen years $1, and after twenty-five years honorary membership is conferred. The object of this revision is, of course, a commendable one, but it is doubtful if the saving of 25 or 50 cents a year will prevent a member from losing interest if he has an inclination in that direction. Another important action of the association was the appointment of a legislative committee, whose duty it will be to attend the meetings of the legislature in the interest of the newspapers and to use their influence in procuring the passage of favorable legislation and in the prevention of the enactment of unfavorable laws. This action was brought about through the results secured by three news¬ paper men who acted in a like capacity, although unoffi¬ cially, at last winter’s session. In the papers which were read and in the discussions which followed there was much of real practical help. One matter which was emphasized was the importance of a pub¬ lisher being able to write advertisements for his local mer¬ chants. Many a contract has been secured through the presenting to the prospective advertiser the proof of his advertisement already in type. The Superior Commercial Club, under the direction of its secretary, J. C. Bertrand, was the host of the meeting, and displayed Superior to the visitors from land and water, by daylight and electric light. There were boat rides, auto¬ mobile rides, and a very successful banquet. The club also offered a series of cash prizes, with $100 heading the list, for the best published description of Superior and its attractions. Most of the officers were reelected, the revised list being THE INLAND PRINTER 735 as follows: President, George F. Cooper, Badger State Banner, Black River Falls; vice-presidents: Will K. Davis, Milton; H. A. Whipple, Waterloo; J. H. Frazier, Viola; C. A. Booth, Milwaukee; C. W. Fraser, Menomonee Falls; Adelaide King, Waupun; L. B. Squier, Tomah; Hattie Moberg, Amherst; H. W. Meyer, Appleton; E. J. Scott, Shawano; A. C. Chase, Colfax; secretary, F. E. Andrews, of a Magazine ” ; Ralph Estep, advertising manager of the Packard Motor Car Company, Cleveland, Ohio, “ The Artistic Side of Advertising”; William Thompson, presi¬ dent of the Kalamazoo Stove Company, Kalamazoo, Michi¬ gan, “The Man Who Pays the Bills”; James Schermer- horn, editor Detroit Times, Detroit, Michigan, “ Up-stairs and Down-stairs”; Capt. C. C. Healey, captain mounted Advance, Bloomer; treasurer, Cassius L. Coward, Enter¬ prise, Lodi. Executive committee: W. H. Bridgman, Stan¬ ley; 0. F. Roessler, Jefferson; F. R. Huth, Grantsburg; W. K. Davis, Milton; G. A. Markham, Independence. PRINTERS AND PRINTING AT AD. MEN’S MEETING. Advertisers are paying more and more attention to the quality of their printing. As a consequence, that subject has a big place on the program for the fifth annual conven¬ tion of the Associated Advertising Clubs of America, which will be held in Louisville on August 25, 26 and 27. The convention as a whole will treat of nearly every phase of the advertising problem, and in doing so will emphasize the function of the printer. Among the talks directly bearing on the matter will be addresses by W. A. Ferree, of the Buxton & Skinner Sta¬ tionery Company, St. Louis, on “ The Value of Printing Arrangement in Copy,” and Ingalls Kimball, of New York, founder and director of the Cheltenham Press and the Cheltenham Advertising Service, on “ The Printing Art in Advertising.” The other speakers, with their subjects, will be: Frank Van Camp, president of the Van Camp Packing Company, Indianapolis, Ind., “Advertising, What It Is and Its Effect Upon the Consumer ”; Louis Sourlock, president of the Provident Land Company, Kansas City, Missouri, “ The Legal Responsibility of an Advertiser ”; St. Elmo Massen- gale, president of the Massengale Advertising Company, Atlanta, Georgia, “Advertising in the South”; Arthur Hawkes, superintendent of the department of publicities and industries, Canadian Northern Railway, Toronto, Can¬ ada, “The National that Advertises”; Hugh Chalmers, president, Chalmers-Detroit Motor Car Company, Detroit, Michigan, “ Salesmanship and Its Relation to Advertis¬ ing ”; S. S. McClure, of McClure's Magazine, “ The Making police, Chicago, Illinois, “ The Proper Policing of a City a Valuable Advertising Asset.” During the proceedings the delegates will be the guests of the Louisville Courier- Journal, when they will hear from Bruce Haldeman and Henry Watterson. . As for amusement, it is sufficient to remember the con¬ vention is to be held in Louisville, and Louisville is in Ken¬ tucky, where robust Southern hospitality blends delightfully with the Western idea of hustle. The committee says, “ Fear not the thermometer, for the delegates will either be high up, where it is cool, or close to the river.” DUMMY DAY. THE IDEA! Norah, after watering the lawn — “ Missus, do you hang up your hose? ” Mistress — “Certainly, not, Norah; we always pay cash ! ” — Christian Work and Evangelist. 736 THE INLAND PRINTER THE TRADE’S GREATEST ORGANIZATION. It is said three hundred delegates will attend the forth¬ coming convention of the International Typographical Union, which will meet at St. Joseph, Missouri, on August 9 to 14. If these same delegates are doing their duty toward their beloved constituents, they are poring over the officers’ reports, which cover 181 6% by 5% inch pages of nonpa¬ reil. Embryo statesmen who are acquainted with the his¬ tory of their organization will find the reading not merely interesting but inspiring, perhaps imparting a flavor of exaltation to some of the more ardent natures. The infor¬ mation conveyed in these reports is probably the most remarkable ever submitted to an American trade union of mature age and acknowledged standing. Young organiza¬ tions in periods of prosperity may have shown greater increases in membership, but none has attempted to deal with such a diversity of activities. From President Lynch’s opening paragraphs, wherein he tersely outlines the prog¬ ress of the year to Secretary-Treasurer Hays’ significant complaint that $261,945.73 is too small a sum for the local unions to have in their treasuries, the reports breathe satis¬ faction with the past' and confidence in the future. After a few words of formal greeting, President Lynch sounds the key-note in this clarionlike style : “We have progressed; the International Typographical Union is stronger at every point than it was one year ago. Our policies are gradually claiming the attention and receiving the commendation of all who are interested in the trade-union movement, and even hostile employers are reluctantly compelled to admit that the International Typo¬ graphical Union is rapidly becoming a model organization. “ During the year our members have been quite gener¬ ally employed, owing to the steady increase in patronage of union offices, although the contrary has been true as to the nonunion offices. In the main I attribute this prosperity of the union office and permanency of employment for our membership to the aggressiveness of the label campaign, so persistently conducted from international headquarters, and so loyally assisted and furthered by local unions, acting through their local label committees. “ The pension assessment shows that our membership has earned during the fiscal year about $40,500,000, and this is indisputable proof of the quite general employment of the union printers and the permanency of that employ¬ ment. “ Our pension venture has worked out better than the most optimistic pension supporter had hoped for. “ Our technical-education proposition is rapidly ingra¬ tiating itself in the esteem and support of the membership. “ The Union Printers’ Home at Colorado Springs is in good condition. “ Our organization work goes on with gratifying results. In this respect we go neither too fast nor too slow. “ Sanitary conditions in composing-rooms have steadily improved. “We obtained a high place in the general campaign against the great white plague. “We have been associated with all movements having for their object a betterment of the condition of the toilers of the country. “ The label campaign has been auspiciously inaugurated, and contains promise of much greater results as it is gradu¬ ally developed and its possibilities unfold. “At the convention of the American Federation of Labor in November of last year the International Typographical Union was one of the few organizations showing a gain in membership, notwithstanding the panic conditions. “ The average membership for the year is 44,921. “We paid per capita tax to the American Federation of Labor for the month of March on 48,246 members; April, 45,636 members; May, 49,966 members. The total mem¬ bership taken from the quarterly reports on April 3 was 47,174. “ Our finances are in a good condition, and we hope during the coming year to make a gain in this respect, as we do not anticipate that the calls from local unions will be near as heavy as they have been for the past two or three years.” Mr. Lynch insists that the agreement with the publish¬ ers’ association has been productive of good in increasing earning capacity and in maintaining peace, and defines his attitude on strikes and employers’ associations as follows: “ I am opposed to strikes. I have always opposed the strike, and I have sought a settlement in every instance where trouble did occur through every channel that offered, before the strike was resorted to. But I am not one of those who would abandon the strike as the last weapon in the hands of organized labor. Where the employers, through their associations, are fair; where they indicate a desire to enter into agreements under which industrial dis¬ putes can be adjusted in a manner that gives both the employer and employee equal opportunities in the settle¬ ment, then I am for that policy of conciliation, arbitration, or adjustment. On the other hand, where associations of employers evince the disposition and manifest the tactics that were so conspicuously indicated by the Typothetse when in the full enjoyment of its greatest power, when all overtures toward peace were rejected, then I am for battle, and a battle to a successful end for the union, despite the sacrifices that may be called for and the treasure that may be expended.” For the first time in the history of the organization the executive council makes a report, and the subject of great- THE INLAND PRINTER 737 est general interest dealt with relates to insurance or burial benefits. President Lynch and the council are in favor of the adoption of a change in this respect. There has been considerable discussion of the subject among the members, but the council agrees that it does not know the temper of the membership, and asks the convention to submit the question to a popular vote. It is estimated that a straight $1,000 benefit would cost each member $12 a year and that a graded benefit ranging from $200 (for six-month and over members) to $500 for (five-year and over members) would cost $7.20 a year. Mr. Lynch is opposed to any amendments to the old-age pension fund that would increase its burdens or decrease its revenues, believing that, in face of the experience of British organizations having such features, caution should be exercised. The executive council opposes moving headquarters from Indianapolis to University City, a suburb of St. Louis. President Lynch agrees with this and goes a step farther, suggesting that the Hoosier capital be selected as a per¬ manent convention city, reasoning that if those gatherings became purely business assemblages they would not be held so frequently and the money expended could be devoted to other union work. Mr. Lynch cites instances tending to prove that the label campaign has diverted work into union offices and prophe¬ sies that as the campaign grows older and becomes better systematized the printers will “have the best organized, result-producing label movement on the continent.” Stress is laid on the better-health campaign, which has been a marked feature of President Lynch’s work. Of this he says: “We are gradually creating a better sentiment that is reaching the employer, and is having its effect on old composing-rooms and in sanitary features in new composing-rooms. If the employer will not put his com¬ posing-room on a sanitary basis, then our unions will be justified in making particular scales for these exceptionally unhealthful composing-rooms, scales materially higher than those that apply to the modern, healthful and up-to-date composing-room.” A glimpse of the work attached to the presidency is found in the statement of mail matter issued, which included 37,896 official communications, 24,437 circulars and 3,799 packages. The delegate-elect or plain member who loves figures can revel in them to his heart’s content in Mr. Hays’ report. The total receipts for the year were $478,773.95 and the expenditures $458,061.73. This brings the balance in the international treasury to the tidy sum of $258,728.47, which, with the $261,945.73 in local treasuries, leaves the typographical union as a whole with $520,674.20 as cash in hand. From August, 1908, to May, 1909, $67,580 has been disbursed in pensions; during the fiscal year $72,598.94 was spent on the home, $38,175 for burial benefits, and local unions received for strike benefits and special assistance, $116,468.67. Secretary-Treasurer Hays reports that a total of 84,715 pieces of mail and express matter were sent out from his office during the year, classified as follows: Typewritten letters, 38,297; postal cards, 10,593; papers (exclusive of those mailed by printer), 11,186; organizing literature, packages, 1,294; supplies, packages, 6,948; mis¬ cellaneous (receipts, circulars, etc.), 15,072; by express, 1,325 packages. If you save money, you’re a grouch; if you spend it, you’re a loafer. If you get it, you’re a grafter ; if you don’t get it, you’re a bum — so what’s the use? — Pittsburg Dis¬ patch. CONVENTION OF PRESSMEN’S UNION. President Berry wielded the gavel over 186 delegates, representing 103 unions, at the twenty-first annual conven¬ tion of the International Printing Pressmen’s Union, held at Omaha, Nebraska, during the last week of June. The officers’ reports showed the organization to be in good con¬ dition. The president referred to this in his address and Secretary-Treasurer McMullen reported receipts of more than $433,000, with a balance on hand of $96,530. Of the expenditures $13,523 was paid for death benefits and $273,- 050 to defray strike and organization expenses. The same authority tells us : “ The total membership is 19,692, an increase for the year of 24 members. The web pressmen, cylinder and platen pressmen show an increase in membership; the feeders a decrease; the web pressmen from 2,280 to 2,561, a total increase of 281 ; cylinder and platen pressmen, from 8,509 to 9,222, an increase of 713; assistants and feeders, a decrease from 8,879 to 7,909, a decrease of 770. The total number of subordinate unions, 278, of which 74 are mixed unions composed of pressmen and feeders, 121 of cylinder and platen pressmen, 31 of web pressmen, 50 of assistants and feeders, one of platen pressmen and one of job-press feeders.” The first and second days of the convention were spent in listening to addresses of welcome, appointing the com¬ mittee on credentials, disposing of its report, receiving resolutions and nominating officers. There was no opposi¬ tion to the principal officials, and the election on the third day showed that Peter J. Dobbs, of Brooklyn, was reelected first vice-president by 136 to 45 votes, the number received by his opponent, Frank R. Wilke, of Milwaukee. It was by 142 to 36 votes that Michael H. Flannery, of Chicago, was reelected second vice-president, he being opposed by John P. Mines, of New York. The only change in the offi¬ cial family is that Clayton A. Pense, of Chicago, was elected third vice-president by acclamation to succeed Peter J. Breen, of New York, who did not seek reflection. Among fragmentary reminders of the eight-hour strike still in the air, is an assessment of one per cent on the earnings of members, and a proposition to call it off was discussed till 127 of the 160-odd delegates present voted to close the debate, when the assessment was ordered contin¬ ued within the discretion of the officials by a vote of 138 to 29. The increase in membership during the year was imma¬ terial — 24 — which probably influenced the delegates to authorize the appointment of three extra organizers. Thanks to the initiative of President Berry, technical education was discussed with some degree of earnestness. 5-7 738 . THE INLAND PRINTER The convention authorized him to appoint a committee of five, “ representing the different classes of our business, for the purpose of considering technical education, and devising some plan whereby this work can be inaugurated on a basis of practicability. If, after a careful study of this question, the committee is of the opinion that the work can not be carried on without expense to the International Union, its plan in concrete form shall be referred to ref¬ erendum.” The board of directors is to act in conjunction with this committee. Similar action was taken in reference to tuberculosis. There was bitter complaint about the unsanitary condition of pressrooms, in which voices from New York were loud and heard frequently. A working arrangement with the machinists’ union was entered into. Under its provisions union pressmen are pledged to “ use their best efforts ” to have all erecting, dis¬ mantling and repairing on presses done by union machin¬ ists, except in emergencies, when pressmen may attend to repairs. Reciprocally, union machinists will endeavor to see that union pressmen shall operate all presses. The agreement also provides for the cooperation of pressroom employees and machinists until presses are accepted. Delegates from San Francisco endeavored to commit the union to some stringent job-press rules, but the matter was disposed of by the old device of recommending that local unions “ regulate the operation of platen presses not to exceed the maximum of three machines.” An apprenticeship law was adopted requiring the serv¬ ice of a four-year term as apprentice pressman before an applicant is qualified for membership in a pressmen’s union. Registration of apprentices is compulsory, and all time served at presswork is to be accredited to apprentices. A committee of five was appointed to watch the operation of the law and suggest improvements, when the same might be found necessary. A resolution providing for an increase in the salaries of officials was defeated, the prospective beneficiaries being among its opponents. Hereafter subordinate unions must audit books of their fiduciary officers at least twice a year and send reports to headquarters. The local treasurers will also be required to give bond. An elaborate law, evidently modeled on that of the typographical union, provides the machinery for the elec¬ tion of officers by popular vote, which will be the rule here¬ after. When elected, they will hold office for two years instead of one year, as has been the custom. The delegates expressed themselves as being highly pleased with the all-round progress made by the American Pressman, which showed a profit of about $4,000. The next place of meeting will be Columbus, Ohio, and the executive officers are: President, George L. Berry, of San Francisco; first vice-president, Peter Dobbs, of Brook¬ lyn, New York; second vice-president, Michael H. Flan¬ nery, of Chicago; third vice-president, Clayton A. Pense, of Chicago; secretary-treasurer, Patrick J. McMullen, of Cincinnati. The headquarters of the organization remains at Cin¬ cinnati. There was a fair amount of entertainment and the intellectual side of the gathering was enhanced by speeches by President Francis, of the Printers’ League of America ; President Lynch, of the International Typo¬ graphical Union; President Glockling, of the International Brotherhood of Bookbinders; Vice-President Sumner, of the International Stereotypers’ and Electrotypers’ Union; Vice-President Keppler, of the International Association of Machinists, and Representative H. M. McSwiggan, of the International Flint Glass Workers’ Union. THIRTY-THIRD ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE UNITED TYPOTHETAE OF AMERICA. The spirit of constructiveness now animates the United Typothetae. The old order changes with time. Both employer and employee must see that their interests are common. They have but one source of revenue — - the pub¬ lic. The chief interest in the twenty-third convention of the Typothetae rested upon discussions on how to perfect mechanical methods and how to obtain uniformity of method in collecting and distributing the elements of cost that enter into the manufacture of printing. The convention held its meeting at the Hotel Cadillac, Detroit, Michigan. About two hundred delegates and visitors and a large num¬ ber of ladies enjoyed the hospitality of the Detroit printers, under the efficient direction of Edward N. Hines and Robert W. Hamilton and a large corps of aides. On Tuesday evening, July 13, a “ smoker ” was given as a preliminary in the banquet hall, musical numbers and vaudeville, etc., stimulating the “ mixing ” spirit. The convention opened formally on Wednesday at 10 a.m. with an address of welcome by Mayor Breitmeyer and a brief talk by John Trix, president of the Employers’ Association of Detroit, on the relations of the business man to the employing printer. That there is a distinction between a business man and a printer must be a disad¬ vantage to the printer. Mr. Trix contended that Detroit, which he declared to be an open-shop town, pays the high¬ est average wage of any city in the country, and welcomed the delegates as fellow workers in the contest for the prin¬ ciples in which his organization is chiefly interested. Mr. E. N. Hines extended the welcome of the Typothetae and responses were made by Thomas Todd, of Boston, and Robert Middleditch, of New York. The twenty-third convention was then declared open for the transaction of business. The reports of officers were as follows : ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT FELL. In opening the twenty-third annual convention of the United Typothetae of America, I congratulate you upon the renewed activity and growth of the year just passed. We find our organization more thoroughly alive to the neces¬ sity of the times and more ambitious to relieve conditions in the trade than ever before. We are undoubtedly accom¬ plishing better results for our membership, and the craft in general, than ever in our history. The depression of the last two years has caused the printers of the country to investigate more closely their methods of manufacture and means for various economies in the operation of their plants. Both by correspondence and contact have the various individuals shown their earnest and sincere desire to improve conditions. This feeling has been very manifest during the last year throughout the country. Our convention in Boston last year recommended several plans for increased work for your officers. A conscientious endeavor has been made to carry these into effect, and while the results have sometimes been disappointing, the general good accomplished has amply repaid our endeavors in that direction. We have studied to make membership in our national body mean an active and earnest cooperation. The removal of the details of finance to the secretary’s office was a step in this direction, and has proved very satisfactory. We are in closer touch with our membership than was possible under the old conditions. The indifferent and delinquent members have been dropped from the roll, and to-day every man who is a member of the United Typothetae is thor¬ oughly alive to that fact. Our dues are more promptly paid THE INLAND PRINTER 739 and there are fewer delinquents on our list than ever before. In a courteous way it has been made clear to our members that their dues are an obligation to be paid as promptly as any other bills. We have had the most hearty cooperation along these lines from our membership, and we have appreciated this support very much. Our member¬ ship has increased considerably in the last year and many of the more important offices have joined with us, being interested in our new activities. The correspondence of our members is now handled promptly, bills are sent out promptly and our collections and applications are carefully looked after. All claims have been satisfactorily adjusted and paid, all bills of our organization are paid in full to July 1 and the treasurer’s report will show a comfortable balance in the bank. This is a matter for congratulation, and is due mainly to the activity of the secretary’s office, encouraged constantly by our treasurer. The Bulletin for the last year, I feel, speaks for itself. It has been enlarged and sent out promptly each month, with the result that our members are in touch with condi¬ tions in different parts of the country as they never were before; the ideals of our association have been brought to the attention of many manufacturing printers, who are much interested in the work we are undertaking and who are joining from time to time. We feel that our organ at the present time is of great strength and usefulness. The Winona Trade School has had a very successful year, and our committee in charge of that work will supply you with further information. It is interesting, however, to note that they graduated one hundred and forty stu¬ dents, chiefly in typography and lithography. The North End Union School, conducted by our members in Boston, has continued to do good work and is no longer an experi¬ ment. It can not be too much impressed upon our member¬ ship that it is absolutely necessary to educate more appren¬ tices, and the use of these schools will be found to produce excellent results. Our committee on trade abuses has been active and has conducted a very successful campaign against the printing of envelopes by the Postoffice Department at Washington. We have received the hearty cooperation of many members of both houses. In addition to this, various national organ¬ izations have taken the matter up and we feel confident that with renewed activity next fall we will be able to secure the repeal of this very unfair legislation. The various paper-trade associations and machinery houses have taken an active interest in our endeavor to increase the profits in our trade. They have begun to real¬ ize that our success is greatly to their advantage; that a printer in this day who does not look after the details of his manufacturing, use a cost system and obtain a profitable price for his goods is a poor credit risk. At no distant date we believe it will be essential in order to deserve credit from those who sell us that the printer must show his abil¬ ity to operate his business profitably and successfully. The selling of paper and machinery direct to the consumer and to private plants has been kept constantly before the allied people, and we feel that this is one of the strongest neces¬ sities of the present time. The amount of printing which has been absorbed by the private plants and the legitimate profits of the printers which have been given to the con¬ sumer who purchases his paper direct are much larger than is generally supposed, and it behooves us to make active efforts to prevent them from increasing. This is not said as a generality. It can only be accomplished by the per¬ sonal effort of each individual keeping continually at the trade from which he purchases. With the cooperation of the eastern boards of trade we have prepared and distributed two thousand sets of cost systems. While we do not claim that this system is ideal, it is nevertheless workable, and can be adapted to any printing business — large or small. We have also prepared a handbook, giving approximate prices and other valuable information in regard to estimating, for which a small charge has been made. The fact that nearly three hun¬ dred copies of this book have been sold within a month after its issue shows its need. This has been followed up by a stereopticon lecture which has been delivered in many parts of the country to our members and interested printers. There can be no reasonable excuse for our members remaining in ignorance of their cost production. We have placed in their hands carefully prepared material, and they should see to it that it is introduced in their plants. We venture to assert that it will prove the most valuable adjunct that they have ever made to their business. The results will sometimes be sur¬ prising and often disappointing. We frequently can not believe that for years we have been doing work of certain kinds at an absolutely net loss. These systems once prop¬ erly introduced will go a long way toward making our busi¬ ness profitable. We recommend to our successors that this work be continued and enlarged. Certain recommendations will come before you as to changes in the constitution. We trust that you will give these serious consideration and that they will appeal to you, as they have been found necessary in our work of the last year. Increasing the number of vice-presidents to three is with the idea of making a geographical disposition of these officers, who will then be placed in charge of their respect¬ ive territories. This, we feel, will place a certain responsi¬ bility upon each officer and locality, and can not help but be productive of good. Representatives from the central office have been on the road practically the entire year visiting our members. They have covered a vast amount of territory. The value of this can not be overestimated. It has interested our isolated members and brought them in closer touch with the objects we are working for. The hearty cooperation of our members in different localities has been of immense assistance in carrying forward our work, and the hospi¬ tality which they have extended to our representatives and the time which they have given to arranging meetings have been very much appreciated. Without this valuable assist¬ ance it would have been impossible to have accomplished the work we have done. We know of no reason why the printer’s credit should not be as high as the banker’s, nor his business as profitable, and this is the object we have set our minds on accomplish¬ ing. We feel that the printers of this country are thor¬ oughly alive to the necessity for a change in the conducting of the printing business, and with the hearty cooperation of our members we know that our business can be brought to a profitable level, taking its place with other successful enterprises of this country. We expect to see our trade reach a plane where, instead of the struggle for existence through an active life, ending with the leaving of an indif¬ ferent plant for our heirs, the printer of the future shall be able to live as well as any of his neighbors and have a competency for his old age. This can certainly be accom¬ plished if we are faithful to our part. We have the organ¬ ization in our national body to do this, and if each member will but do his share we shall be surprised to see how quickly it will be accomplished. This is not something for the future, but for the present, and with each one here adding his energy and enthusiasm we will undoubtedly accomplish the desired result. SCENES ATTENDING THE U. T. A. CONVENTION, DETROIT, JULY 14-15, 1909. THE INLAND PRINTER 741 ADDRESS OF CHAIRMAN OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE LEE. The twenty-third annual convention of the United Typothetae of America, assembled in this beautiful city of the great West, finds our organization in most healthful condition and well equipped to grapple with the important questions and problems that confront the printer of the present day. The foremost of the problems, to my mind, is the education of the printer as to how he can properly estimate the cost of the work he is producing in his estab¬ lishment and then through cooperation encourage him to secure a price" that will give a living profit. The public as a whole is willing to pay such a profit, but the great varia¬ tion in prices that he secures from different printers gives him a feeling of distrust and he is in doubt as to what a fair profit is. It is of great importance to the craft that we secure the cooperation of the supply men in this movement to improve the condition of our trade. They should not con¬ tinue to bolster up concerns that are continually quoting ruinous prices to the customers, by giving long credits and low prices that mean ruin to themselves and many times to their competitors. The selling of machinery and supplies to other than printers has in many instances worked great harm in many localities, by giving local printers unfair competition from manufacturing concerns establishing plants to do their own work. Not having sufficient work to keep their plants busy all seasons of the year, they enter the many times overcrowded field and take work at prices that can not be met by men doing work under conditions they necessarily work under. It is the story of the Govern¬ ment going into the envelope business. It is competition that none of us can meet, for none of the expenses of con¬ ducting the business are charged against it and the busi¬ ness is taken at a loss when everything is considered. Your officers have made a good start during the past year to cor¬ rect these evils, and with the desired support of the print¬ ers, through membership in this organization, much can be done to place the printing industry on a good financial basis. The trend of the present day is consolidation and organiza¬ tion, and it does seem that our trade should see the benefit of the latter and be more than ready to support the Typothetae in the work it is doing in that direction. During the past year your officers have visited many parts of the country and have found the printers generally greatly interested in and fully recognizing the necessity of main¬ taining the work we are now engaged in. Our finances, as will be seen by our treasurer’s report, are in a healthy state. The reduction of dues will be considered at this con¬ vention. While I should personally, as would many, prefer to see the present rate maintained for at least three more years, to build up a larger fund, I feel that under the exist¬ ing conditions it would be the wiser course to make the reduction and trust to the increase of membership that should follow to make up the decrease in revenue from the present members. With sufficient income an office could be established in the West and greatly facilitate the building up and furthering the interests of our organization and the trade by coming in somewhat more frequent contact with local Typothetae and their members in that section. The Labor Bureau, as heretofore, has been an important part of our work during the past year. This work on the whole is growing in favor with our members and should be con¬ tinued. It is hoped that the secretaries will be interested in getting together and comparing notes and getting points that will be to their mutual advantage. The success of an organization is largely due to the efficiency of its secretary, and that he not only be greatly interested in his work but influenced by what is doing in other localities. The Bulletin seems to be well received and has had the effect of keeping our members better informed as to the work of the organ¬ ization, and it fills a long-felt want. In conclusion, I wish to thank the executive officers, executive committee and members for the many courtesies extended during the past year. With the same support to your officers in the future, there need be no fear for the success of the United Typothe¬ tae of America. REPORT OF ACTING-SECRETARY HEATH. The work of the secretary’s office, under the direction of the executive committee, during the past ten months, or since the last convention, has been almost wholly devoted to education in cost of production and travel by repre¬ sentatives from the office. Some of the results following the work, with detailed accounts of meetings held in the different cities visited, have been chronicled in the Bulletin, which the members have presumably received and read each month. About two thousand sample sets of the cost system com¬ piled by the printers’ boards of trade of New York, Phila¬ delphia and Boston, copies of which were distributed among the delegates in Boston last September, have been sent out to printers generally throughout the United States upon request. The system has met with much favor, and has been installed either wholly or in part in many offices — in part where cost systems were already in use and some added forms were found desirable or were used to replace those that did not meet the requirements. Cost lectures, with stereopticon demonstration of the various forms used in the system, were given in Detroit, Grand Rapids, Peru (Indiana), Cincinnati, Norfolk and Richmond. At Utica the lecture was given without the stereopticon. Under the auspices of the Boston Typothetae lectures were given in Boston, Springfield and other New England cities, New York city and Montreal. Great inter¬ est was shown in the subject, the meetings being well attended by printers, not only members of the United Typothetae of America, but others who came from cities where the meetings were held and near-by towns. The immediate result of this work is a newly aroused interest in cost of production and a study of the subject much more thorough and with much better understanding than is usual. A book issued by the secretary’s office, based upon sched¬ ules in force in the printers’ board of trade in Philadelphia, and containing presswork scales and much other valuable information as a sound basis upon which to estimate print¬ ing, has been sold to many printing establishments, both in and out of the Typothetae. An effort is being made to encourage, as far as possible, the adoption of a nearly uniform estimate blank, the use of some good cost system, and finally, by placing the price-list and general-information book referred to in the hands of as many printers as possible, it is hoped that more regular and well-balanced estimates may result. The earlier . part of the past year was almost exclusively given up to travel by the secretary, the following cities being visited and meetings held: Atlanta, Buffalo, Char¬ lotte, Chicago, Cincinnati, Dallas, Des Moines, Detroit, El Paso, Erie, Fort Wayne, Fort Worth, Galveston, Grand Rapids, Houston, Kalamazoo, Knoxville, Milwaukee, Minne¬ apolis, Mobile, Nashville, New Orleans, Norfolk, Omaha, Peru, Richmond, Rochester, Saginaw, San Antonio, Syra¬ cuse, Utica, Washington. Cities visited where no meetings were held: Augusta, Battle Creek, Bay City, Bridgeport, Chillicothe, Cleveland, Columbus, Dayton, Indianapolis, Jackson, Kansas City, .Macon, Memphis, New Haven, St. Paul, Sioux Falls, Stamford, Toledo. 742 THE INLAND PRINTER New members, including the Utica Typothetse, have been added to the number of forty-nine; reinstatements of former members, seventeen — a total added membership of sixty-six. The Bulletin, issued monthly since the Boston conven¬ tion, has been sent to about eighteen hundred printers in the United States and Canada. It has been well received and undoubtedly tended to revive much of the former inter¬ est in the work of the organization. Especially is this true of the cost question and correction of trade abuses, to which much attention has been given. Never before, perhaps, has the printer been so universally awakened to the necessity of knowing what his costs are, and the introduction of cost systems and the careful study made of office records result¬ ing therefrom, with the sincere attempt to adjust prices to meet present conditions, testifies in the strongest manner possible that the labors of the officials of this organization have not been in vain, augmented as they have been by boards of trade, price-making associations and the pub¬ licity given through the trade press. That the members of our craft are fully alive to the situation there can be no doubt, and with the assistance offered by our organization the outlook for the future is most encouraging. There have been no strikes of importance. Incipient strikes were reported from two cities in the membership, but the places made vacant by those who went out were immediately filled. With these trifling exceptions no labor trouble of any kind has been reported. The shorter work-day went into effect in many of the offices of our members on January 1, and adjustments to the changed conditions have gone on rapidly with slight shock to the business in general. From eighty-eight cities heard from, thirty-four are working forty-eight hours per week; five are working fifty hours per week; thirty-one are working fifty-four hours per week, and eighteen cities, where no uniform action has been taken, employ help on hours averaging from forty-eight to fifty-four. These are divided as follows: Eastof Westof Pittsburg. Pittsburg. Forty-eight hours . 17 17 Fifty hours . 5 Fifty-four hours . 16 15 Forty-eight to fifty-four hours . 5 13 43 45 The thoroughness and accuracy of the statistical work of the secretary’s office depends greatly on the cooperation of the local secretaries, to whom he looks for necessary information. Some of the secretaries, realizing the impor¬ tance of the work, and taking a real interest in it them¬ selves, are prompt to respond to the various inquiries sent them; others, who from indifference or other reasons fail to comply with the requests sent them from the national headquarters, often neglecting even to acknowledge letters addressed to them, sadly hamper the effectiveness of the work in which we are engaged. This complaint, we find, has been made in nearly every annual report made by the national secretaries in the past. This complaint must not be understood to apply to all local secretaries, however. The organization is to be congratulated upon the possession of officers representing some of the local bodies to whom a great deal of credit is due and to whom the national officers are deeply indebted. To their interest and cheerful coop¬ eration is due much of the success of the secretary’s office. Without it his work would lack much in effectiveness. With the combined cooperation of all secretaries the value of the labors of the national headquarters’ staff would be to the same extent increased. It is to be hoped, however, that the plan now being made to recognize the work of the local secretary by refunding a portion of his expenses to the annual convention and the organization of a secretaries’ association will bring into the work active men who will not only be willing but anxious to cooperate in every way possible with the national officers, that the work of the organization may be made of greater value to the craft than ever before. The convention, at the instance of Isaac H. Blanchard, of New York, sent a telegram to several congressmen, at Charles P. Soule, manager American Type Founders Company, Chicago (on right). Washington, urging their acceptance of Senate paragraph 412, increasing the duty on picture post-cards to $1.50 per thousand. The feature of the afternoon session was the address of E. A. Quarles, secretary of the Louisville Typothetse, being a vigorous denunciation of the evils which have arisen in labor-unionism. James Henry, of Syracuse, New York, connected with one of the biggest printing concerns of that section, said: “ We do not oppose the unions. Some of us, and I am one, have been forced to discard union labor, because the local unions have forced it on us, but we do not object to the principles of unionism, if properly complied with.” Secretary C. W. Heath, of New York, expressed the gratitude of the convention to the local members and citi¬ zens in general who were contributing to the success of the meeting and pleasure of the visitors. The session was followed by a meeting of the secre¬ taries of Typothetse to perfect a plan of coordinating their work and unifying their system of operations. In the evening an illustrated lecture on cost accounting was given by Joseph Hayes, of Philadelphia, which was received with interest and followed by an animated dis¬ cussion. At the following morning session a resolution was adopted commending the efforts to obtain legislation elimi¬ nating consideration of contributory negligence where dam¬ age suits are brought by employee against employer. In this the Typothetse is first of the employers’ associations officially to favor such action. The committee attempting to induce the Government to discontinue the printing and sale of printed envelopes was commended and continued, while to its duties was added THE INLAND PRINTER 743 that of fighting every form of trade abuse, with especial reference to the discouraging of those firms trading in printing supplies who sell to the consumer. Other important actions were the reduction of assess¬ ment dues from one-half of one per cent to three-tenths and the instruction to the executive committee to appoint an assistant secretary for the western district, with headquar¬ ters at Chicago. Officers elected are: President, E. Lawrence Fell, Phila¬ delphia; first vice-president, Wilson H. Lee, New Haven; second vice-president, George M. Courts, Galveston; third vice-president, H. K. Dean, Grand Rapids ; treasurer, A. M. Glossbrenner, Indianapolis; secretary, Franklin W. Heath, Philadelphia. The offices of second and third vice-president were cre¬ ated at this meeting. The convention completed its business on Thursday. Rochester, New York, will in all probability be the next meeting place. NOTES. The automobile ride given to the visiting ladies through scenic Detroit and the beautiful Belle Isle on Wednesday will make Detroit famous if the ladies sustain the line of talk carried on up to the time of going to press. There is nothing more pleasurable or fascinating than to see a man who knows his business thoroughly creating with the minutest accuracy work that heretofore has been MILLER SAW-TRIMMER. attempted imperfectly with toil and waste. Miller, with his saw and trimmer located in a hotel bedroom, showed the perfection of mechanical method. He made brass boxes out of printers’ rule, and these souvenirs, “ made while you wait,” were given from hand to hand with admir¬ ing comment. The economy of accuracy breaks slowly on the printers’ minds, but Miller is waking them up. Cost accounting was well ventilated. If there are any crooks and corners the experts have not explored, we may appeal to the meditative Beckett. Interest will not be allowed to flag with Robert S. Denham in the field as a quiet, all-pervading hustler. The exhibit of Phil Ruxton, Incorporated, exemplifying the possibilities of the scientific method of using color on printing, and lectures in that connection, with demonstra¬ tions by H. G. Maratta, lift this department from the plane of shop tradition to that of applied art — where the ink- maker’s art sustains it. George J. Carter, representing the Fuchs & Lang Com¬ pany, showed what the offset press could do in colorwork, and well sustained his reputation as a jollier. Charlie Evans, representing the Meisel Press & Manu¬ facturing Company, of Boston, “ represented ” in an all- pervading way. Like the “ helm of Navarre,” wherever the crowd was, Charlie was there. Carl S. Hanau, president of the Auto Paper Feeder Company, of the “ Monosheet feed,” New York, has visited many far countries and seen many strange peoples, and the way Carl can ring in the merits of the monosheet and hold your attention with his travels has the experience of the solitary guest with the “Ancient Mariner ” faded. President Fell tried hard to escape the honors thrust upon him, and in proportion to his reluctance so waxed the desire of his friends to hold him to the job. That better times and better feeling will come to the entire trade by candor and open discussion of all questions no one will gainsay, and Mr. Fell looks to meet every issue squarely on its merits. The employers should have one organization. Where is the inherent difficulty? On Friday afternoon the delegates and visitors made an excursion on the steamer Promise to Bois Blanc Island, where dinner was served. A good band, a fine deck for dancing, pretty girls, gallant secretaries, Phil Ruxton and Luders of the Seybold Company made a combination of unusual excellence. For persistency in noisemaking Mr. Luders has no superior and few equals, and what Phil Ruxton did only those near him could say. The center of attraction, he was blocked in by admirers, and the steamer had no amphi¬ theater. Mr. Luders demanded cheers for so many things and so many people, institutions, sentiments and ideas, that the cheer for himself exhausted the powers of those who did him honor. Likewise these notes have exhausted all the space at disposal for this event, but reparation will be made' on application and all errors and omissions rectified in future issues. THE MEETING OF SECRETARIES. At the Boston convention of the United Typothetae it was decided to defray the expenses of secretaries attending national conventions, and there was quite a gathering of secretaries of Typothetas and boards of trade at Detroit. New York, Philadelphia, Boston, Rochester, Cleveland, Buffalo, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montreal, Quebec, Washing¬ ton and Baltimore were represented. At their meetings discussions of costs and method took up the greater por¬ tion of the time. Among those present was Mr. F. I. Ellick, of the Ben Franklin Club, of Chicago, who explained the general work in the cost system of that organization. It was the consensus of opinion that Chicago led in the num¬ ber of cost systems in operation, and the secretaries decided to visit the Western metropolis some time in the fall to look over the field at close range, when it is expected Secretary Ellick and Chairman Morgan, of the Ben Franklin Club cost committee, will open a school for practical and theo¬ retical instruction In Doctor Eliot’s list of books necessary for the essen¬ tials of a liberal education we fail to note the Football Guide for 1909. — Puck. 744 THE INLAND PRINTER NEW YORK EDITORS IN JOINT SESSION. Cooperstown, New York, was a busy place during the week beginning July 12, when four organizations of State newspaper men met in joint annual session. The meetings were headed by the New York State Press Association, which was joined by the New York Associated Dailies, the President McHenry and Chair- Mr. Sleicher and Mr. Bunnell, man Knapp consented to be pho- the latter Secretary for forty-two tographed. consecutive years. Republican Editorial Association and the Democratic Edi¬ torial Association, there being in the neighborhood of two hundred in attendance. The example of the New York State publishers could well be emulated by the editors in other States. The idea of meeting together was unanimously declared a great success and the same plan will be followed next year. The meetings were held in the new O-te-sa-ga Hotel, on the shore of Otsego Lake, said to be “ the finest summer hotel in the north.” It is a beautiful hotel, beautifully situated, and was an ideal place for the editors to bring their wives and daughters, who were present in large num¬ bers. It was the annual meeting of the New York State Press Association and was declared by many to have been the most enjoyable of all, owing largely to the attractive¬ ness of the hotel and its surroundings. The business sessions were devoted principally to the reading of papers, there being little discussion. Each ses¬ sion was largely attended and much interest was taken in the proceedings, particularly in the annual address of President McHenry, who made many practical suggestions, and in Secretary Bunnell’s report. Mr. Bunnell has been secretary of the association forty-two successive years, never having missed a session, and was reelected for his forty-third term. He reported that he had succeeded in securing photographs of the forty-five presidents who had held office since the association was organized and stated that he had known all but two of the number, counting them among his personal friends. Mr. Bunnell has had the Mr. Davidson, the “ personal Judge Arnold, the genial host conductor ” of a tour of Coopers- at Five-Mile-Point Inn. photographs grouped and rephotographed, so that the mem¬ bers may have an enduring historical treasure. The crowning feature of the convention was the ban¬ quet, at which President McHenry, who made a most effi¬ cient toastmaster, 'presided. The after-dinner talks were all made by members of the various associations repre¬ sented, and were of exceptional interest, enlivened by much extemporaneous wit. The Cooperstown Board of Trade and the local news¬ paper editors left nothing undone that would add to the pleasure of those in attendance at the meeting, and their entertainment included sightseeing trips about historic old Cooperstown, steamer trips on the lake and a dinner at the Five Mile Point Inn, where the editors were the guests of Judge Lynn J. Arnold. The next annual joint meeting of the four associations will be held in July at Saratoga Springs, where an even larger attendance is already assured. New officers of the New York State Press Association were elected as follows: President, W. H. Greenhow, Hor- nell Tribune; vice-presidents: W. J. Pollard, Seneca Falls Journal; W. D. McKinstry, Watertown Times; E. L. Adams, Marathon Independent; G. H. Carley, Coopers- THE INLAND PRINTER 745 town Freeman’s Journal; W. F. Cook, Canajoharie Cour¬ ier; secretary and treasurer, A. O. Bunnell, Dansville Advertiser; executive committee: W. 0. Greene, Fair- port Herald; C. I. Combes, Johnstown Republican; R. L. Forbes, New Rochelle Press; Dr. E. H. Porter, New York Journal of Homeopathy; Gardiner Kline, Amsterdam Recorder. MASS CONVENTION OF EMPLOYING PRINTERS. As forecast in The Inland Printer for June, the New York branch of the Printers’ League has taken the initia¬ tive in calling a mass convention. The invitation seeks the attendance of “ all who are in the remotest degree interested in the welfare of the craft.” Those desiring more information or intending to accept the invitation are requested to address the secretary of the New York branch of the league — D. W. Gregory, 75 Fifth avenue, New York city. Full text of the call follows: The league movement, as started in New York, having proven so feasible and so entirely successful both here and in other cities in which it has been put into operation, and the league principles and mode of procedure, embodying the German idea of district joint commissions, trade courts and boards of arbitration, having been so widely copied throughout the United States, it seems only the part of wisdom at this time, when so much for the universal good can be accomplished through organization, to take the necessary steps to form a national association of manufacturers in the printing and allied trades, so that all may unite on a broader plan of advance than can ever be attained through purely local organizations. To this end a general convention has been called, to be held in the city of New York, beginning on Thursday, September 23, and continuing to and including Saturday, the 25th. The time and place chosen will “ The Three Twins ” ; Mr. Potts, of the Troy Times , on the right. enable delegates to prolong their stay so as to witness the Hudson-Fulton Celebration, which will open on September 25 and continue to October 9, 1909. It will readily be seen by all of what importance a convention of this kind will prove to the printing industry. Men of prominence are invited to take part, as the relative value of a strikeless age to economic and civic government is felt and recognized in all walks -of life, and this is due to the important position our industry assumes in the commerce of the country. Every society of employers which is interested in solving the problem of the relation of capital and labor, which recognizes the important place organized labor holds in the business and political life of our country, and which would welcome a closer bond of union for the common good between what have heretofore been warring factions draining through their strife the heart’s blood of the printing business, and whose strikes and lock¬ outs have cost hundreds of millions of dollars, are invited to attend the first annual convention of the National Printers’ League of America. Individuals in cities and towns where as yet no employers’ organiza¬ tions exist are also invited to attend as delegates representing their com¬ munity, but all who wish to attend the convention should at once signify their desire to do so by letter to "the corresponding secretary, whose name appears at the head of this circular letter, and who will issue a card of NEW USE FOR SOCIETY STATIONERY. The courtesies and formalities of business are becoming quite as exacting as those of society and of considerable more importance. A dealer in antiques, whose trade is done largely with the wealthier classes, has taken advantage of this care of the business man to give attention to his social corre¬ spondence by sending “ cards ” to his list in exactly the same form as observed in society. These cards are of the approved proportions and size, and are duly engraved. On the backs, however, he has had written in ink, in a femi¬ nine hand, an “Announcement ” of a special sale or exhibi¬ tion. The envelope is addressed in the same hand and bears no mark of identification. To all outward appearances this note comes from a lady in society and is thus assured a personal inspection. — System. THE HANSENS GO PICNICKING. A neatly printed program informs us that the employees of the H. C. Hansen Type Foundry, at Boston, held their annual outing at Bass Point, Massachusetts, on July 17. More than one hundred attended the blow-out, and of course they had a good time, as is the custom at Bass Point. 746 THE INLAND PRINTER PHOTOENGRAVERS’ CONVENTION. Though all the large cities of the United States and some Canadian centers were represented, the attendance of photoengravers at the Hotel Kaaterskill was not at all what the excellent program merited. The officers of the National Photoengravers’ Association decided to make this an educa¬ tional meeting, and President Stiles and his aides succeeded admirably in realizing their ambition. In addition to the wisdom dispensed by the speakers there was an informing exhibit of labor-saving devices and methods, and all given to the absentees than to those who attended. During the meeting these papers were read : “ Science and Money in Photoengraving,” N. S. Amstutz. “ The Photoengraver and the Printer, from a Business Point of View,” J. C. Oswald, editor American Printer. “ Draft System for Collecting Delinquent Accounts,” W. T. Weymouth, president, Typo Mercantile Agency. “ Focusing, Old and New,” Arthur Fruwirth. “ Photoengraving: A Retrospect and a Look Ahead,” Louis Edward Levy. DINNER TENDERED TO INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF PHOTOENGRAVERS, AT ELKA PARK, CATSKILL MOUNTAINS, JULY 7, 1909. in the most delightful environment, with just an ample dash of pleasure. On the opening day — July 6 — two sessions were held, at which some routine business was disposed of and several addresses delivered. In the evening there was a hayrack ride to Tannersville, which was loudly acclaimed by the lucky participants to be among The distinctly enjoyable affairs of their lives. A short session on Wednesday morning preceded a visit to the hospitable home of F. Wesel, at Elka Park. Here the party partook of a bountiful lunch, and after inviting infractions of a portion of the tenth commandment by strolling round the grounds, returned to the Kaaterskill. The concluding session on Thursday was devoted to winding up the business of a convention successful in every way except in the point of attendance, which was more hurtful “ Color and Design,” Will Bradley, art director, Collier's Weekly. “A Complete Cost-keeping System,” A. W. Rathbun, treasurer, Inland- Walton Engraving Company. “ It is to be regretted that a larger number of photo¬ engravers did not take active interest in this convention,” said one of the most successful business men at the Kaaters¬ kill. “ It is only by ‘ rubbing elbows ’ with others engaged in the trade and interchanging ideas that the photoengra¬ ving business as a whole can be improved, and that there is room for improvement we are all painfully aware.” The election of officers resulted in the reelection of H. C. C. Stiles, of Washington, D. C., as president, and Mr. Bragdon, of Pittsburg, as treasurer. Mr. Heath, of Buffalo, was elected vice-president, and Mr. Brigden, of Toronto, will serve as secretary. THE INLAND PRINTER 747 Written for The Inland Printer. SUGGESTIONS ON STANDARDIZING BRASS RULE. BY N. J. WERNER. 8N The Inland Printer of last October, under the caption “ Incidents in European Graphic Circles,” mention was made of a proposition offered and discussed in a German printers’ meeting, having for its object the standardiza¬ tion of brass-rule faces. In my perusal of German printers’ journals I have noted that this topic has not only been further discussed in a number of meetings of German printers’ organizations, but a num¬ ber of articles have been published in the journals favoring the idea and expressing the writers’ views as to the details of the normalization. From this I gather that our German brethren look upon the subject as quite an important one. It is one that has had my attention for a number of years — ever since I have had the satisfaction of seeing the ideas it will be noted that they are quite deficient in gradation, the faces not progressing in width or weight proportionally as the bodies increase in dimension. Some brass-rule makers agree, upon order, to match any face made which is not upon their regular list, just as the typefounders of the by-gone generation would upon large orders match any body peculiar to some other foundry. But this always entailed extra expense, whether it fell upon the customer or not, and was generally done under more or less protest, and with a bestowal of negative “ blessings ” upon the lack of a universal system of type-bodies. The plan for a standard system of rule-faces, as pre¬ sented in the accompanying table, covers approximate equivalents of all the most-used rules, as shown in the specimen books of the makers. There are other stock rules, more or less ornamental, which might be included, but I believe those here described will suffice for a model upon which to base a standardization. In numbering rules, for identification purposes both in respecting a standard or uniform alignment of type-faces, which had been a hobby of mine for many years, were proving their worth and also their lease upon an endless life. Hence the discussions spoken of as interesting the German printers induce me to dig out from my private manuscripts the plan of a system of standardization which I had worked out about ten years ago, which I had hoped some time to exploit through a brass-rule business of my own — a hope whose realizing requires more capital than I have at command. I now present it for the earnest con¬ sideration of our rulemakers. As printers well know, there is no system in the rules produced by the brass-rule makers of this or any other country, aside from the bodies they come on, these now conforming, of course, to the point system. Nor, except in the fine “ single ” and “ full-face ” styles and a few other accidental instances, do the rules of any two makers agree in face. Where rules are shown in series — particularly of “ parallel ” and “ double ” faces — in the specimen books, the catalogues of the makers and in the offices of the print¬ ers using them, it goes without saying that there should also be system; also, that all makers should use the same numbers to identify and list similar rules. My table sug¬ gests a numbering system which is doubly descriptive. As will be noted, the last two figures of the numbers designate the number of the series, while the one or two figures pre¬ fixed designate the body of the rule. Thus, rule No. 602 would be six-point of series No. 2, while rule No. 1214 would be twelve-point of series No. 14. Such a method of numbering has already been successfully applied to the identification of ornaments and borders by some foundries. A few words as to some of the rules included in my table may serve to make it better understood : Series No. 2 is the ordinary fine-line single rule, so generally used, and of which the two-point size is the base for the type-face alignment systems of the present day — the so-called “American,” “ Standard,” “ Uniform,” “ Uni¬ versal,” etc. 748 THE INLAND PRINTER Series Nos. 3 and 4 are rules more generally used for column, head and “ cross ” rules, the demand being for a somewhat heavier line than the ordinary single fine-line face. Series Nos. 14 and 15 (parallel) and 24 and 25 (double) answer the requirements for newspaper head and cross rules. Having shoulders, they stereotype better than rule- faces cut flush at the edges of the body. Job-printers prefer parallel and double rules (especially in panel work) without shoulders, so they may be joined closely. For them series Nos. 10 to 13 and 18 to 23 are therefore best suited. Series Nos. 31 and 32 correspond closely to fine-dot or fine-hyphen leaders, while Nos. 33 and 34 have more the effect of wide-hyphen leaders. For general every-day use series No. 32 is without doubt the most desirable, though the taste of some printers will occasionally demand the other dotted or hyphen rules. The width of face (0.2 point) is in each the same as that of the ordinary single rule, No. 2, and makes these rules equally usable in blank- work, in alignment with the modern systematically lining type-faces. Printers not caring to bother too much with one-point leads for justifying to line, will want series Nos. 2 and 32 on two-point and four-point bodies. The two- point lines easily with the six-point, twelve-point, fourteen- point, sixteen-point and twenty-four-point type-faces, while the four-point lines easily with the eight-point, ten- point, eighteen-point and twenty-point type-faces — the justifying material being six-point slugs and two-point leads. These dotted rules, having their slits divided by multi¬ ples of a point, giving respectively eight, six, four and three slits to each twelve points (pica), when being cut into labor-saving lengths, should always be cut at the center of a slit. This would secure neater-looking joints wherever two or more rules are “ spliced,” a beauty of detail which has ever been neglected and ever been an eye-sore to the typographical critic. The same remark may be made regarding the cutting of labor-saving brass leaders, which have the same fault. In series Nos. 31 to 34 the width of the slits should be one-third the distance between centers of slits. Thus, in No. 31, where this distance is one and one-half points, the slit should be one-half point wide, while in No. 33, where this distance is three points, the slit should be one point in width. In No. 32 the slit would be two-thirds of a point and in No. 35 it would be one and one-third points wide. In series Nos. 28, 29 and 30 (wave rules) the waves or swells should be at standardized intervals, and I would fix the distance between the nodes at three points. Then, naturally, when wave rule is cut it should be always cut at a node and not at some part of a swell, as is the usual indiscriminating custom — unavoidable because the waves have now no length definitely based upon the point system. (By “nodes” are meant the central points of the rule, half way between the swells or waves.) Having nodes three points apart, there will be two swells on each side of the rule within every twelve points (or pica). News¬ papers using wave rules will prefer series Nos. 29 or 30, while on jobwork No. 28 will look better. In their discussions of this subject the German printers often refer to the matching of rules with fancy metal corners, a typographic vogue which the American com¬ positor has well-nigh forgotten in these days of plain-rule panels, many of which are made up of such heavy rules as to make the jobs look like funeral notices. We older com¬ positors had the same experience in matching rules with the ornamental corners of which our German confreres complain, and could count ourselves lucky if the foundry that furnished the corners could also supply rules to use with them. Should the pendulum of taste ever swing back to the ornamental metal corner-pieces (which might not be such an unwelcome reaction from the present somewhat monotonous vogue) , let us hope that the troubles of match¬ ing be not again with us — to which end a standardization of rule-faces and the cutting of the corner-pieces to con¬ form to the standard rules would be the proper course. For it is to be expected, if the vogue comes once more, that the corners will be of fresh design and new cutting. NEWSPAPER PRINTED IN BALLOON. The first newspaper ever printed in a balloon was the Jim Crow edition of the Dayton (Ohio) Journal. It was printed on a hand press in the basket of the balloon Hoosier, which began an aerial voyage from Dayton last week, and was distributed in the various cities and towns over which it sailed. The paper was gotten out under the direction of George R. McClellan, the publisher of the Dayton Journal. The balloon, which had a capacity of eighty thousand cubic feet, left Dayton at 10 o’clock in the morning and reached Indianapolis the next evening. THE DAYTON JOURNAL On the Balloon Hoosier, June 29, 1909. JIM CROW EDITION. Printed in the Air. (Published by Howard Burba.) THIRD AND LAST EDITION. 3 P.M. We are now passing seventy- five miles south of Indianapolis. ALL WELL. SECOND EDITION. AT 11:40 WE ARE 6,700 FEET HIGH; WE ARE PASSING FRANKLIN GOING SOUTHWEST. Taking dinner. Speed, 26 miles. 1 o’clock — Shot at by farmer. He missed. The staff consists of these, who are also the carrier boys: Dr. P. M. Crume, F. G. Carley, B. H. Wendler, L. Custer. Col. George McClellan is chief of the staff and the pressman is Howard L. Burba, the police reporter of the Journal. Keep this copy of the miniature Jour¬ nal — and remember it is the first paper ever printed above the earth. Weather fair. Get the big Journal for a full account. God bless all of you. Away, and away, and away — that’s the feeling. “ Passing here is the Soldiers’ Home,” said Professor Brumbaugh. “ That little thing down there,” said McClellan. “ Who’d a thought it.” The fact was it looked only larger than the face on a postage stamp. — Editor and Publisher. WHY? And why, in the name of Unanswerable Things, With which we are heavily cursed, Does a man say: “Enclosed is a clipping, or something” — And seal up the envelope first? — New York Mail. THE INLAND PRINTER 749 ELECTRICITY IN A BOOKBINDERY.* BY CHARLES CRAIG PHELPS. HN the popular mind the impression prevails that bookbinding is the small end of the printing business — that the typical bookbinder is a man who owns a little shop and ekes out an existence only by continued hard manual labor. A visit to a large modern bindery would quickly dispel this impression and show that the art of bookbinding has fully kept pace with the prog¬ ress of the times even to the extent of electrification of many of its tools and appliances. A typical plant along these lines is that of the J. F. Tapley Company, at 531-535 West Thirty-seventh street, New York. This establishment is electrically equipped throughout with individual motor driving, except in the Fig. 1. — An electrically driven folding machine in the Tapley bindery, New York city. cases of very small machines, and much of what is given in the following paragraphs is based upon what was there seen. Many of the illustrations, too, as will be noted, are interior views of the Tapley plant. The first operation in bookmaking is the cutting and folding of the printed sheets. Fig. 1 shows a machine which picks up the sheets containing a varying number of pages, cuts them, then folds them to the proper size and finally drops the folders into a trough where they are stacked into bundles of convenient size. This folding machine works automatically with great rapidity and, although the mechanism appears to be very complicated, the ease of manipulation is remarkable. It is belt-driven from a Stanley G. I. open type alternating-current motor. Nearly all the motors in the Tapley works are of the same type and either shunt or compound wound according to the service for which they are intended. After folding, the pages are either gathered for sewing or are bundled and stored until wanted later. The small bundles from the folder representing sections of volumes can be seen in Fig. 2, ready to be fed to the gathering machine, where with great rapidity as many as thirty-two * Reproduced by courtesy of Electrical Record. groups can be gathered and arranged simultaneously into bunches for sewing. The gathering machine goes through one complete cycle in less than a second, and should any accident occur, such as the failure of a folder to take its proper place, the machine would automatically stop for the trouble to be corrected. Fig. 2 strikingly presents the simplicity of general layout to be gained by abolishing the usual overhead shaft¬ ing and belting, and substituting instead individual motors fed by conduits fastened to the ceiling. Fig. 3. — An electric bundling press. Fig. 3 shows how advantage was taken of a peculiar form of machine construction to gain compactness by plac¬ ing the motor directly under one corner of the machine — a bundler in this case. A belt from the motor screws and 750 THE INLAND PRINTER unscrews the clamp which compresses the pages into com¬ pact form to be tied into bundles. The Seybold smashing machine, shown in Fig. 4, is remarkable in many ways. It is used to remove the air tons on the books. The smasher is belt-connected to a five horse-power motor, and has a heavy fly-wheel which gives steady action to the machine. As the operation of sewing together the various sections of a book requires so little power, individual drive would not here be profitable, so a line shaft under a raised plat¬ form is used to run the sewing machines pictured in Fig. 5. An electric motor at one end of the room drives the shaft, and several trap doors in the floor allow easy inspection of the shaft and pulleys. Trimming machines which are used for trimming the pages down to a uniform size are also driven by electric Fig. 5. — A gang of book-sewing machines taking power from an electrically driven shaft, running underneath the floor. motors with intermediate belt connection, the “ give ” of which helps to prevent the cutters from sticking under a particularly heavy cut. Fig. 6 shows the machines which shape the unbound books. The sewed and trimmed pages enter the machine in a shapeless form and, after being rolled and pressed, emerge with rounded edges and backs, ready to have the covers attached. The table on the left of the illustration is loaded with formless books ready to enter the shaper and the shaped books are stacked at the sides of the machines. The manufacture of the cover is by no means the least interesting stage in the evolution of the book. Fig. 7 shows the cover-making mechanism which assembles and glues together, in one operation, the pieces of cardboard and cloth, previously cut to the right size and shape in elec- from between the pages of books and is composed essen¬ tially of a massive head, which is automatically adjustable, and a lower jaw on which the books are placed. The lower jaw is raised and lowered by means of the action of a toggle-joint and is capable of putting a pressure of five Fig. 8. — A Simplex glue-pot in operation. 752 THE INLAND PRINTER trically operated machines. The upper roller is the feeder and the lower one applies glue from a trough to coat the covers. The cardboard back is held in suspension by pneu¬ matic suction while being lifted into place. The suction tubes are made of small rubber tubing, four in number, and are located on the bottom of a swinging arm. The glue is kept liquid by means of an electrically heated coil placed beneath the trough. Such glue-pots are clean and economical and are much liked by the workmen. The Tapley bindery has a fine equipment of Simplex glue-pots, made by the Simplex Electric Heating Company, of Cambridge, Massachusetts. One of these is shown in Fig. 8, and is so arranged that it can slide under the table when not in use. Electric heating-plates have been tried on the embossing presses at the Tapley bindery, but so far have not proven satisfactory or economical. The old method of heating the dies by steam or gas flame and cooling by water therefore continues in use and hand power operates the presses. In the case of gold embossing, a large portion of the gold leaf must be removed as waste by brushing. This is done over a grating through which a strong downward draft of air is induced by an electrically driven centrif¬ ugal fan. The air sucks in all the gold particles and delivers them to a receptacle where the gold is afterward recovered. Leather covers are handled as easily by electric meth¬ ods as those made of cardboard or paper. Cutting and trimming of morocco is accomplished more quickly and bet¬ ter by electric means than by hand. Where so much apparatus is in use, repairing and sharpening machines are frequently called into service. A variable speed electric lathe and electric grinding wheels are among the auxiliary apparatus to be found in an elec¬ tric bindery. The illumination of a bindery is, of course, best accom¬ plished by electric lighting, and from the nature of the work incandescent lamps best serve the purpose. Many of the cuts here given show how the electric bulbs concen¬ trate the light on the work, where it is most needed. LABOR’S APPRECIATION OF PUBLIC WORK OF EMPLOYERS. Governor Deneen, of Illinois, appointed a commission composed of representatives of the manufacturers’ asso¬ ciation, the trade unions and the public for the purpose of devising laws for the protection of life and limb in the industrial world. The commission’s work was concluded by the adoption of its recommendations by the legislature. Labor was represented on the commission by Edwin R. Wright, ex-president of Chicago Typographical Union, who was elected chairman, and Peter W. Collins and William Rossell. They have issued in neat shape a well-printed booklet in which they pay their tribute of appreciation to their colleagues, and from which we quote: “ Gentlemen of the Industrial Commission : “ The representatives of labor on the Illinois Industrial Commission desire to express to the Hon. Charles Piez, the Hon. E. E. Baker and the Hon. P. A. Peterson, representing the employers, our sincere appreciation of their impartial and painstaking service as members of the Illinois Indus¬ trial Commission, and to assure them that we are deeply sensible of the services they have rendered to the State. “ It is particularly gratifying to meet with men who, though holding differences of opinion and varied points of view, work in harmony for the common good, men who have not allowed differences of opinion to interfere in any degree with the impartial investigation of conditions surrounding labor or the consideration of remedial legislation necessary for the protection of the health, safety and comfort of the employees of the commonwealth. “ Labor appreciates the work you have done and the worth of the services rendered to the citizens of the State, and, as representatives of labor, we believe that the spirit of fairness manifested by the members of the commission representing the employers emphasizes greatly the value of conference, and a discussion of our problems, to the end that we may find the common ground upon which both sides may stand without the sacrifice of either principle or self- respect. “ We are, therefore, of the opinion that this expression of our esteem is but the simple acknowledgment of the impartial services you have rendered as members of the Illinois Industrial Commission. “ Likewise we are grateful to those unselfish repre¬ sentatives of the great .third interest — the public — who for weeks and months gave of their time and effort that justice might be done the worker. To the Hon. Samuel A. Harper, the Hon. H. B. Favill, M.D., and the Hon. Graham Taylor special credit is due, because theirs was an academic rather than a direct interest in striving for the highest pos¬ sible standing of protection to our bread-winners. “ Under less favorable circumstances the duty imposed on this section of the commission would have been to hold the balance of power — to act as mediators in an effort toward harmony. Owing to a truly remarkable spirit of harmony and mutual confidence which developed with the first meetings of the commission the division lines were at once practically abolished. “ In the presence of such men as represented the public much of this spirit of mutual confidence was born — because, in the presence of such gentlemen the evil spirits of sharp practice, undue influence, or mutual distrust would have fled abashed. “ Samuel A. Harper combined the duties of secretary and legal adviser — a difficult position — but his efforts merited and received the unanimous thanks and apprecia¬ tion of the commission. “ To the Hon. Edgar T. Davies, chief state factory inspector, more than to any other man, is due the broad scope of the new law. Year after year Mr. Davies has worked along similar lines and offered his measures before the General Assembly. As his efforts failed his determina¬ tion became the greater, and, like a true enthusiast, he gave the commission the winnowed grain of long-continued effort. Labor owes much to this worthy gentleman. “ The Bureau of Labor Statistics is, of course, a likely place for labor men to look for a friend, and in the secre¬ tary, the Hon. David Ross, we were not disappointed. His statistical records and wealth of information as well as a genial personality made him a most welcome addition to the commission. “ Professor Charles R. Henderson and Professor Com¬ mons also contributed to the potpourri of thought and research which we are proud to place before the world as the most comprehensive labor code of the union, if not of the world. “ Respectfully tendered by those favored few, who, for a dav. officially represent the hewers of wood and drawers of water of our great commonwealth. “ Edwin R. Wright, “ Peter W. Collins, “ William Rossell, “ Committee .” THE INLAND PRINTER 753 AN APPRECIATIVE AUSTRALIAN. The “ Editorial Notes ” of the journal named [The Inland Printer] are invariably worthy of perusal. Short, pithy paragraphs, pertinent to the printing and allied trades, quite of the style to which Australians have become accustomed through the pages of The Bulletin — no un¬ necessary language, but a wealth of “ meat.” A recent issue contained this fragment of solid and sound reasoning, which it would not do the trade as a whole much harm to paste in its individual and collective hat : “ It is not merely incumbent on each to get all the work he can at profitable rates, but we should all interest ourselves sufficiently in our customers’ affairs to see if they are not overlooking oppor¬ tunities because of a too sparing use of printers’ ink. It is up to the trade to not only do the printing for the public but to create new work.” And there is but little doubt that said trade should welcome suggestions such as these with a united and hearty “ Hear, hear! ” It is by adopting meth¬ ods such as these that the progressive printer may gradu¬ ally cast aside the necessity of slavishly following the beaten track of solicitation in order to keep his presses running on unprofitable work, and thus do his share in the process of “ ever-widening ” the area of consumption while avoiding participation in the “ thrusting-down ” process, which, in his case, is the lunacy of cutthroat and ruinous competition. — Wimble’s Reminder, Sydney, N. S. W. A NEW COMPOSING-STICK. A new stick has recently been patented by Sam H. Bean, a practical printer, of Asheville, North Carolina, for which he claims superior advantages. As the patent rights are for sale, a full description of the device may be given here : The holes are one pica between centers, the first hole on the right being one pica from the rim, or edge, to the closed end of the stick. The holes are nonpareils in diameter. Pin No. 9 (Fig. 4) is one pica from the right-hand side to the outer surface of wall No. 7. There is a space of eighteen points between pin No. 11 to the outer surface of wall No. 12. When wall No. 7 is next the type, picas can be set; when the slide is reversed so that wall No. 12 is next the type, nonpareils can be set. To get measures other than picas and nonpareils, wall No. 7 can be turned to the bottom, with the pins to the left, walls Nos. 7 and 8 being the same thickness. The slide (Fig. 4) is exactly twelve picas square, the illustration representing a two-inch stick. The slide will always be even picas square to get the half measure on the reverse. Among the advantages claimed for the new stick are speedy adjustment and absolute accuracy. It can not be used unless the measure is made accurate; it may be set to measures other than picas and nonpareils ; all parts can be got at instantly, for cleansing; the stick is very rigid, the clamp working extremely close to the type; the walls are quarter-inch, the top and left walls being narrowed to one-twelfth inch at front. In wide measures, when the stick begins to get heavy, it is easy to hold when starting on a new line, as the ball of the thumb rests on the top wall. PRINTERS’ BASEBALL TOURNAMENT. J. M. McGowan — known as “ Circus ” McGowan to the frivolous friends of his ragtime youth — who is the Pooh- bah in looking after arrangements for the baseball tourna¬ ment at Chicago, says that everything is in readiness. Success is assured if that distinguished printer and mem¬ ber of Chicago union, Weatherman Moore, will furnish a good brand of weather, and even then the committee has arranged for one rainy day. Ball will be played on four days, the first game being called at 1 p.m. and the second at 3 when two games are on the board. The schedule is as follows : Saturday, August 14. — First game, Pittsburg vs. Cin¬ cinnati; second game, New York vs. Philadelphia. Sunday, August 15. — First game, Chicago vs. St. Louis; second game, Boston vs. Washington. Monday, August 16. — First game, the two Western winners ; second game, the two Eastern winners. Tuesday, August 17 (Game called at 3 p.m.) — The West vs. the East. Wednesday, August 18, will be a field day at Riverview Park, one of Chicago’s great amusement resorts. If one of the games should be postponed it will be played off on this afternoon. Apart altogether from that contingency, the following events will be pulled off for suitable prizes under the supervision of the National Commission: Fifty- yard dash, long-distance throw of baseball, ladies’ egg race, thirty-yard dash for fat men (200 pounds minimum weight), one hundred-yard dash, ladies’ potato race, time record for circling bases, two wrestling matches and a tug of war between Eastern and Western players. The day’s events and the tournament of 1909 will wind up with a din¬ ner at the resort. HIGHER EDUCATION. The absent-minded professor returned home one eve¬ ning, and, after ringing his front doorbell for some time to no effect, heard the maid’s voice from the second-story window, “ The professor is not in.” “All right,” quietly answered the professor ; “ I’ll call again.” And he hobbled down the stone steps. — Lippin- cott’s Magazine. 5-8 754 THE INLAND PRINTER TRADE NOTES ias^irs sS®je*i£i^^ Printer Resigns Political Printer’s expert at Springfield ographing & Label a liberal application of the excise laws — is going to issue t first it will appear in five languages — Eng- tions will be extended till there are e J. •ation for the press a trea¬ tise on the theory and practice of book imposition. Mr. Schott is a printer of the old school, of thorough training, a former resident of Chicago and St. Paul. It is said his work will discuss the subj< unapproached by any writei at the Broadway Central Hotel in New York the first week of July. More than sixty delegates, from all parts of the 3 Cup, for the best amateur . in 1908, was awarded to Edward C. Cole, of Angeles, California, is the i: A New Craft in the of San Francisco have ( of the Printers’ League, ; THE INLAND PRINTER 755 printers of Chicago and also Chicago Typographical Union, as well as to address meetings of employers in Cincinnati and Indianapolis. It is said that branches of the league will be formed in the two last-named cities. Stereotypers’ and Electrotypers’ Convention. — While the big printers’ organization is meeting at St. Joseph, the smaller though not less effective International Stereotypers’ and Electrotypers’ union will be holding its convention at Kansas City, Missouri. This organization is in good shape, and probably dominates its trade more thor¬ oughly than any other union in the allied trades, and the officers report that financially and otherwise it is in a flour¬ ishing condition. Secretary McEvoy Retired on Pension. — At the June meeting of Chicago Typographical Union, No. 16, it was voted to give retiring Secretary McEvoy a pension of $20 a week. The gentleman is one of the charter members of the organization, and has served it in many capacities, hav¬ ing just relinquished the office of secretary-treasurer after twenty-one years’ service. He was born in Ireland, seventy- seven years ago, and is not in the enjoyment of very good health, as all who know him will be sorry to hear. Journeymen Photoengravers’ Convention. — The International Photoengravers’ Union will hold its tenth annual convention at Milwaukee, commencing Tuesday, September 7. President Woll says it bids fair to be the best-attended meeting ever held by the organization. Agreeably to instructions from the membership, the offi¬ cials promise to report some scheme of technical education, and it is expected that regulations relating to hygienic con¬ ditions will “consume much time of the convention. Prominent Printer Seeking Preferment. — J. Stearns Cushing, of Boston and Norwood, always prominent in Typothetae affairs locally and nationally, is seeking a seat in the governor’s council of Massachusetts. Referring to his candidacy, the Christian Science Monitor says : “ Mr. Cushing is past commander of the Ancients. He started in life as a printer’s apprentice at 75 cents a day, and is now proprietor of the Norwood Press, publishing five mil¬ lion Bibles a year. Both his paternal grandfather and his maternal grandfather were elected to the , executive council.” Novel Wedding in ’Frisco Print-shop. — Mrs. Chris¬ tina Walsh, who has been operating a Linotype for the last six years at the printing establishment of C. A. Murdock, was married to Donald McPhee on June 6. The ceremony took place near the lock-up stone in the shop, the bride being attended by two members of the force. Besides being the recipient of many presents from the employees, the proofreaders brought in a huge floral tribute, of which Mr. Murdock made the presentation speech. — The Frank¬ lin Printer. The Who’s-Who Style of Advertising. — For his years, Anderson, of Sacramento, is one of the best-known printers on the Pacific coast, which means that he is a good advertiser, one of his latest stunts being to send out a blot¬ ter bearing this pen-picture of himself and his shop: “Anderson, Joseph M., Printer and Publisher, 416 J street, Sacramento, California. Established 1891; known then as the Pacific Printing House. His shop is also known as the Josh Foundry, Trouble Emporium and Smile Center. All' this is in the printing line. If you wish anything in the line of joshes he will help you out; originality is his strong point. If you are in trouble, go to him; he assimilates it and relieves you of all distressing tribulations. There’s a smile for you, whether it’s an order for printing or the ask¬ ing of a favor. Even in advice, ‘ The Lord loveth a cheer¬ ful giver ’ — Anderson’s advice to all is : ‘ Have your print¬ ing done at 416 J street, Sacramento, California.’ ” Unemployment in London. — The number of signa¬ tures on the out-of-work roll of the Society of Compositors is the trade barometer of London. The readings for the early part of July, when about eight hundred men were “ signing,” are said to indicate a low state of trade. Reports from several other points, however, show improve¬ ment. In contrast with London conditions, the officials of New York and Chicago typographical unions report unusual activity in the labor market. They frankly admit they are unable to explain the “ why ” of it. Circulation Managers’ Officers. — A record attend¬ ance distinguished this year’s convention of the National Association of Managers of Newspaper Circulation, which met in Cleveland the last June week. There were inform¬ ing addresses and discussions on how to get and keep cir¬ culation by leaders in the business. The official chairs were filled as follows: President, Robert L. McLean, Philadel¬ phia Bulletin; first vice-president, H. E. First, Cincinnati Enquirer; second vice-president, John D. Simmons, Atlanta Journal; secretary and treasurer, Jay R. Taylor, Grand Rapids Press. Modest Paterson (N. J.) Printers.— The News has completed the printing of the session laws of 1908-9, and the volumes are now being shipped to the State House. This is the earliest date at which the laws have ever been issued. And yet from the time the contract was awarded to the News Printing Company the South Jersey papers have indulged in a continuous howl about the alleged delay. And these uncalled for yawps have been reproduced in newspapers which ought to have known better. The work is like all turned out by the News Office, first-class in every respect, and a credit to the printers and pressmen of Pater¬ son. — Paterson News. More Daylight Movement Opposed by British Pub¬ lishers. — There is before the House of Commons a pro¬ posed act known as the “ daylight-saving bill.” Editor Phillips, of the Yorkshire Post, told the lawmakers, at a committee hearing, that the Newspaper Society, which he represented, was opposed to the bill. The evening news¬ paper men fear the law will operate so as to prevent the publication of sporting news in the regular editions, thereby causing the issue of profitless extras. The morning news¬ paper publishers are in opposition, because the change in hours will prevent them printing American markets and political speeches of important foreign statesmen in their earlier mail editions. French Printers Look Us Over. — A party of thirteen printers and publishers landed in New York on June 26, and it was given out they would inspect the larger printing establishments from Quebec and Boston in the north and east to Washington and Seattle in the south and west before returning to France. Anton Oudshoorn, of Paris, who was active in promoting the trip, is with the party, and is accompanied by Louis Baschet, editor of L’ Illustra¬ tion; M. Desfosses and Desfosses, Jr., A. Chatenet and Fred Vernede, all of Paris; Louis Bellenand, of Fontenay aux Rotes; Charles Valin, of Caen; E. Prota, of Macon; Louis Danielfils, of Lille; Paul Brodard, of Coutomniers ; Desire Dehon, of Valenciennes; M. Plateau, of Lille, and Felix Zavadski, a Russian newspaper man from Vilna. Board of Arbitration Meets. — The National Board of Arbitration provided for by the agreement between the American Newspaper Publishers’ Association and the 756 THE INLAND PRINTER International Typographical Union met in Indianapolis on June 1 and continued in session for three days. Several amendments to the agreement and mode of procedure were considered and adopted, and disputes between the publish¬ ers and unions of Houston, Butte, Minneapolis, St. Louis and Hamilton, Ontario, were disposed of. The publishers’ association was represented by Bruce Haldeman, of the Louisville Courier-Journal; Henry N. Cary, of the St. Louis Republic, and H. N. Kellogg, labor commissioner of the association, while the typographical union’s interests were looked after by President Lynch, Vice-President Miller and Secretary-Treasurer Hays. Real Ocean Newspaper Service. — The Atlantic Daily News is the latest venture in daily journalism, and is being printed on twenty-seven steamships which get wireless news from the Marconi Company. Each ship has a staff of one editor and two printers. An editorial staff in New York and one in Europe prepares the news for transmis¬ sion to their respective stations — at Cape Cod and at Clif- den, Ireland. The first two days out from New York the news is supplied from the western end, and the last two from Clifden; on the third day the editor afloat may get his copy from either station or from both. The matter is sent in skeleton form, and it is said makes a good summary of the world’s news. The sheet carries advertisements, of course, but it is distributed free to first and second class passengers, the steamship companies subsidizing the pub¬ lications. Prize Garden of Printers’ Home Injured. — Hail, rain and wind battered and cut to pieces about two-thirds of the plants in the Printers’ Home gardens at Colorado Springs, during the prevalence of an electrical storm, and caused damages estimated at $2,000. When the storm subsided, wreck and ruin were everywhere. Gardener Lowe and his assistants had almost completed their work of decoration and ornamentation, which was commenced about June 1, and in the space of less than one-half hour’s time the scene of beauty was transformed into one of destruction. Many weeks, in consequence, will elapse before the gardens can be restored to their former shape and form. — Brooklyn Eagle. Aftermath gf Presidential Election. — Frank I. Kidd, president of the typographical union at Washington, D. C., is employed at the Government Printing Office, and supported President Taft last November. Sam De Nedrey, is a so-called labor “ leader,” who edits the Washington Trades Unionist, has represented the typographical union in the Central Labor union for years and was an ardent supporter of Bryan in the last campaign. This year Presi¬ dent Kidd failed to appoint Mr. De Nedrey to the much- coveted delegateship, which was taken to mean that he was being punished for opposing President Taft. Immediately notice was given to amend the local union’s laws so as to provide for the election of delegates to the Central Labor Union. But that could not save the official head of the con¬ tumacious De Nedrey. The central union, however, elected him as a delegate-at-large to represent his paper and then made him its secretary. The typographical union pro¬ tested vigorously against this grotesque action, denouncing it as violative of the principles of unionism. Thus ended the first chapter in a squabble which the Washington Herald implies was an effort on the part of high-up Taft- ites to discredit unionists who believe in political action. Parlous Condition in Great Britain. — “Armed neu¬ trality ” is possibly the diplomatic phrase that best explains the relations between employers and employees across the seas. The unification of working hours — which means the entire trade shall be put on an eight-hour or forty-eight- hour week basis — is still “ in the air,” though employers now working eight hours are said to be satisfied and would not return to the nine-hour day. The great body of employ¬ ers refuse to discuss the proposition, which, in turn, is apparently met by the men making more demands on them. Among these is the, to Americans, astonishing one of protesting against the use of indicators on typesetting machines. In such circumstances “ demands ” of this nature are always misunderstood. President Whitaker, of the Linotype Users’ Association, said this complaint was as ridiculous as would be an objection to the use of a counter on a press. A careful regular craft writer, using the pen name “ Ouvrier,” who makes a specialty of the labor side, says “ Mr. Whitaker talked a certain amount of nonsense.” “ Ouvrier ” does not think “ there would be objections to the indicator on the Linotype, if it were only made to serve the same purpose as it serves on the press,” and suggests that Mr. Whitaker urge the members of his association to use indicators in that way, as “ that would solve the whole question.” Just what these alleged abuses are we do not recall having seen specified. His critic, how¬ ever, says Mr. Whitaker “ evidently does not know or recog¬ nize the real injustice inflicted on the honest compositor by the use certain managements have made ” of the indicators. WOOD & NATHAN TAKE OVER THE UNITYPE. It is announced that the Unitype Typesetting Machine has been placed in the hands of the Wood & Nathan Com¬ pany. This will be somewhat of a surprise to the trade, as well as to the makers of other composing machines. It has been rumored for some time past that remarkable developments were in progress in connection with the Uni¬ type, but it was not suspected that the astute gentlemen who now. announce themselves as its sponsors were at work in its behalf. The keen scent of Messrs. Wood & Nathan for great commercial possibilities, which led them a few years ago to detect the then unknown merits of the Monotype, is a faculty of such precision as to warrant the trade in believ¬ ing that something of value to the printer is about to occur. To an inquiry made of Mr. Wood as to whether the Linotype and Monotype machines do not now adequately cover the field, he laughed and replied : “ Wait and see. No field is covered by Tom and Dick so long as money is going to waste that Harry can save,” and Mr. Nathan added, “ Fashions change with the times. “ For instance, before the panic people could afford more expensive methods of machine composition than they can to-day. But the printer is now on hard pan, his capital is reduced, and in many cases he can no longer afford to fit up as a typefounder for the purpose of doing his composi¬ tion when recent developments have made a more econom¬ ical course the far more profitable one. “ We’ve seen this change coming, and by putting two and two together have produced a condition which every user of straight composition in the country will gladly wel¬ come. I tell you, low cost and good work are the things to-day, and the man who expects to sell machines that are luxuries has sized up the times wrong. “A low-priced machine having high speed that can turn out first-class work with inexperienced help is what we shall offer the printer, and you may take it from us, if we aren’t posted upon the needs of the times nobody else is; that’s all.” It looks as if there is an energetic and instructive cam¬ paign ahead, for the good judgment and fighting qualities of the gentlemen who have it in charge are proverbial. — Newspaperdom. THE INLAND PRINTER 757 BUSINESS NOTICES This department Is exclusively for paid business announce¬ ments of advertisers, and for paid descriptions of articles, machinery and products recently introduced for the use of print¬ ers and the printing trades. Responsibility for all statements published hereunder rests upon the advertisers solely. NEW CALENDAR FIGURES. Printers who make a specialty of calendar work, and calendar advertising in all its branches, will be interested in the new figures just introduced by the American Type¬ founders Company, and of which a specimen is shown below. 1909 August 1909 Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat. ® © © dj © © © ® ® © © © © © © © @ © © © © .(§) © © © © © © © (§) © O o o o This specimen is set in the twelve-point size and the calendar figures are made in six, eight, ten and twelve point. All but the twelve-point are put up in fonts ample to set a twelve-months’ calendar. The twelve-point font contains an assortment for six months. All sizes sell at $1 the font. While chiefly adapted for calendar work, these characters will also find their way into other printing which has previously required the expensive combination of rule and figure work. The newspaper publisher will appreciate their use in running small calendars in the newspaper columns. NEW SCRIPT TYPE. The American Type Founders Company is showing two pages of Commercial Script, which can not fail to attract attention. There are always certain requirements which can best be met with script type, and this new face is a legible, bold, direct letter which will be found most accept¬ able for a great variety of the every-day forms which come to most printing-offices. “NEW ERA” TYPOGRAPHIC NUMBERING MACHINE. Attention is called to the announcement in this issue of the new numbering machine recently placed on sale by William A. Force & Co., 188 Monroe street, Chicago, for many years one of the foremost makers of these goods. The “ New Era ” as it is called, possesses a low plunger, whereby hard rollers may be used with excellent results, an advantage which is said to make this machine prefer¬ able to many others. It has an individual unit pawl, allow¬ ing of varied printing, and as the case is made to point sizes both as to length and width, having but one . screw in its mechanism, the machine can be set in any form of type without the use of extra leads, and locked up securely the same as ordinary type. The square plunger is made of solid steel, and has no guides or pins. The New Era numbering machine is made in four models, embracing a five-wheel in both forward and backward patterns, and six-wheel in both forward or back¬ ward, each numbering consecutively to the full capacity of the machine. CARD-BOARD EASELS. A new illustrated price-list of easels manufactured by the Standard Die Cutting Company, of Detroit, Michigan, shows a number of ingenious supports, the result of years of experiment. These are adapted to display cards, etc., which have little or no base on which to stand, and when once set up for display they can not slip or get out of posi¬ tion. The Standard Easels are made in a variety of sizes and shapes, all of which are excellent for their special pur¬ pose, and they will support with ease any amount of weight which a show-card will hold. Not the least of the good points of these articles is the convenience of packing and the small space which they occupy when prepared for ship¬ ment. A USEFUL SAMPLE-BOOK. The Sigmund Ullman Company, of New York, has issued a handsome sample-book of their L N F bond printing-ink. With the idea of producing a complete book, fully in keep¬ ing with the character of the ink, they have printed it on Old Hampshire bond, the choicest product of the Hamp¬ shire Paper Company, the bond-paper specialists. The book shows one hundred and thirty-nine effects of red, blue, green, brown, black, as well as various tints, in practically all harmonious combinations on the fifteen col¬ ors of Old Hampshire bond. The printing has been done remarkably well. The reg¬ ister is so perfect that it is difficult to believe that the work was embossed after printing. It looks as though both print¬ ing and embossing were done with one impression. The printer is thus given an opportunity to demonstrate sam¬ ples of work and colors to his customer without loss of time and expense of making special proofs in individual cases. L N F inks are a series of black and colors, made of special varnishes and pigments, in order to give them the necessary qualifications for perfect printing on bond and linen papers, for which purpose it was formerly difficult, if not impossible, to get the correct inks. They may be printed and embossed afterward, or the embossing may be dispensed with. When embossed, they give results in every respect equal to the far more expensive method of die- stamping. They are, in fact, in many ways superior to the die-stamped work, one feature being that whereas die- stamped work, especially when heavy, frequently cracks- and rubs off, this is not the case with the L N F inks. With proper workmanship and care, there should be no' difficulty for any printer to duplicate the work shown in the book, which is printed and embossed on a platen press, a brass plate being used for embossing, cut sharp and with detail. The brass plates are preferable to zinc etchings, as the latter do not permit of the fineness of detail which should be a feature of the work. Essential factors are a properly made embossing plate, accurate feeding and care¬ ful register. 758 THE INLAND PRINTER WANT ADVERTISEMENTS. ^assw,*r- SBPSs^aw ™JXAS IK S =5 ‘^r Si WaT BS ^awsm* P*““ *“ -d te* s>s:-‘ga-g‘g % FQ^o^AL|Hi^^^ r^S.ClOCkS; - in g°°d C°ndi- FQinEairP2^rhH774column type-high — «-*»• &eaCO.,W342 GOLD INK is a complete fizzle unless you get the right quality and know how to apply it. There have been many attempts, but few have succeeded in producing a reliable working gold ink for strictly artistic printing. OROTYP or COPPER INK. Get the best. It c red GOLD INK, i THE INLAND PRINTER 759 Arti,,s. mmmMmMmm WACO?D«Mffi Iowa‘ ^ ret0UCher‘ ^ °ES M°INES ENGRAVING * - Bookbinders. MISCELLANEOUS. rS^s^^3 ZgSB^^W* s Compositors. SITUATIONS WANTED. Artists. C®f W1^he&dSlT8f9VENS’ INC- 5 PUrChaSe St’ ^ B0St°n’ 2-^r- Embossing Composition. Printers' Supplies. BARNHART BROTHERS & SPINDLER, 183-187 Monroe st., Chicago. 7-10 Rubber Stamps. Etc. Embossing Dies. !5SF "WtetSWA KJSXShX. “U- Engraving Methods. Stereotyping Outfits. 11 if || PI JONES, SAMUEL, & CO., 7 Bridewell place, London, E. C., Eng. Our spe- KAHRS, .240 E. 33 st., New York city. Ink Manufacturers. “gsss jg AMERICAN PRINTING INK CO., 891-899 W. Kinzie st., Chicago. 3-10 RAY^ WILLIAM H„ PRINTING INK MFG. CO., 735-7-9 E. 9th st.. New ULLMAN-PHILPOTT CO., THE, office and works, 1592 Merwin st., N.AV., b™t BROTHERS » SPINDLER, CM«W. Sup„.„ Machinery. HABoSon ;H 43 CeiRe? st^and^ll^Elm ^st^New "York.’ 19°‘192 <*%*• Mats for Casters. WILL YOU SSIslBB and copy- Frank Armstrong Adv. Co., Des Moines, Iowa. Mercantile Agency. Motors and Accessories for Printing Machinery. DURANT COUNTERS SStSiSt WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MFG. CO., Pittsburg, Pa. ' 11-9 <®6jr^ SLV^SSsSSS The W.N. Durant Co.MiW Paper Cutters. “Sg 'SLSSnes^ ^4=^tair Men who are interested in the engraving, printing and allied industries, read and study technical literature. Progress demands that an individual look beyond his own daily round of activ¬ ities and devote some study to the larger accomplish¬ ments of others. No one man is so self-contained that he may rightly say, “I am the sum of all.” The printer or engraver who does not take advantage of his technical trade literature is as foolish as the boy who does not want to go to school because the “fish are biting in the creek.” “The Graphic Arts Year Book” is an epitome of the accomplishments of the allied arts and crafts. Within its 480 pages are many articles by the world’s acknowledged leaders in theory and practice, giving information as to the best methods to employ to obtain high-grade results in plate-making and printing. There are numerous examples in colors and monochrome reproduced by various mediums. It is the highest grade annual review in the world and reflects the high standard of American engravers and printers. The book contains 480 pages, is 8 x 10 inches, bound in half-leather. Price $5.00 in the United States and Canada. Foreign postage extra. THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY CHICAGO, ILLINOIS PROMPT AND EXPERT - -= KNIFE-GRINDING SERVICE - — - We make a specialty of Paper Cutter and Lithograph Stone Knife grinding. E. C. KEYSER, 300 Dearborn Street. CHICAGO (’Phone. Harrison 7594) To Users of the Monotype Machine Our price for Keyboard Paper, with ROUND PERFORATIONS, is still 6 CENTS per pound. Satisfaction guaranteed. COLONIAL COMPANY - - Mechanic Falls, Maine CUTS for ADVERTISERS Our CUT CATALOGUE shows thousands of beautiful and appropriate half-tone catalogues, circulars, magazines, papers, etc. Over efunded on $2 order). . BEAUTY BOOK- Full- SPATULA PUB. CO.. 100 Sudbury Bldg., Boston. Mass. PLATEMAKERS ! PUBLISHERS ! A gentleman with unquestionable references and with many years’ expe¬ rience not only as an office and sales man, but who is a modern and practical Electrotyper , Nickeltyper and Stereotyper in all their branches, desires to interest himself financially with a concern that wishes to increase its busi¬ ness and needs such a partner, or would purchase a plant in some healthy location where good business on modern methods is assured. Direct correspondence to “A 28,” 1729 Tribune Bldg., New York. \ TAGS AND BUSINESS HELPS eMatmfaciiuiticj dotwanjj' ^inters Mil PI nTTTDC ILLUSTRATED DESIGNED DLU I I LnO IN 3 COLORS YOU PRINT THEM - SHOW WHAT YOU CAN DO IN YOUR OWN SHOP f)UR Color Designs for printers’ blotters furnish the up-to-date v printer with a splendid means of advertising his business in¬ expensively, effectively and productively. They are a credit to the printer and never fail to bring in business. Particulars free. Write today, on your letterhead: CHAS. L. STILES, Columbus. Ohio Roildllirid ^or Trade JL% UkIIIIIk We have put in a ROUGHING MACHINE, and should be pleased to fill orders from those desiring this class of work. Three-color half¬ tone pictures, gold-bronze printing, and, in fact, high-grade work of any character, is much improved by giving it this stippled effect. All work given prompt attention. Prices on application. Correspondence invited. THE HENRY O. SHEPARD COMPANY 120-130 Sherman Street CHICAGO IXON’S Special Graphite No. 635 - - — should be used on Lino¬ type Space-Bands, Matrices, and wherever there is friction. Write for free sample 157. JOSEPH DIXON CRUCIBLE CO., Jersey City, N. J. SUMMER ROLLERS Universal Wire Loop Is the cheapest and best device _ _ “ Stringing ” Catalogues, Directories, Telephone Books, ; Prices Current, etc. Look Better and Won’t Break or Wear Outl us send sample and quote you WIRE LOOP MFG. CO. (Successors to Universal Wire Loop Co.) 75 Shelby Street DETROIT - - - - MICHIGAN fl Modern Monthly — fill About TA TE'R A~PHE PAPER DEALER gives the wanted information on the general and technical sub- iectof $aper It will enable the printer to keep posted on paper, to buy advanta¬ geously, and to save money on his paper purchases. No dollar could be spent more profitably for a year’s reading. Printed on enamel book paper. SPECIAL OFFER- head, and remit at ou the year of 1909 and to Profitable Paper Si and receive the paper for 1 copy of our book, Helps Uh e PAPER. DEALER 155 WASHINGTON STREET, CHICAGO 761 We Can Serve the Local Printer With his SPECIAL WORK, in large or small runs, promptly, with our newly and fully equipped plant. WE MANUFACTURE Cut and Folded Tin Strips for I We enamel, varnish and gloss mounting calendars. postal card views. We do Tin Mounting for the trade. Roughing or “Stippling” of the We sell Tin Mounting Machines. highest grade. _ We varnish and gum label paper. I phone or write for full information. American Tin Mounting Co. « 5free' Perhaps you think you are using the best padding glue now. I feel sure a trial of R. R. B. PADDING GLUE will change your mind. It’s the best Padding Glue I can make — and I have been a specialist in this line for fifteen years. Why not try it NOW ? ROBT. R. BURRAGE, 83 Gold Street, New York. Iflarrinutt frrss 435 Kent Street :: Sydney, Australia Aimrrttatng Writers anti printers Want to buy useful stock cuts and other advertising novelties. Will accept agencies for good, sound lines. We’ll willingly exchange literature with other good advertising firms. We are Manufacturers of the Highest Grade of “UNO” “AUTO” “STEREO” J\\ “MONO” “ELECTRO” f “COMPOSO” TYPE METAL t*: Merchant & Evans [ » ■VjJ* Company I Brooklyn ^ j| (Successor to Merchant & Co., Inc.) J Chicago"^ Pat. off.” Smelters and Refiners I Denv«C'ty THE GLOBE SPECIAL MACHINERY CO. JOS. E. SMYTH, Pres. Manufacturers of PRINTERS’, BOOKBINDERS’ AND ELECTROTYPERS’ MACHINERY Machinery Rebuilt and Repaired. Day and night force. No delays. Telephone, Expert mechanics. Monroe 456. 1 1-19 South Jefferson Street, CHICAGO. PRESS CONTROLLERS MONITOR Fills All Requirements of Most Exacting Printers. MONITOR SALES DEPT. 106 South Gay Street. BALTIMORE. MD. Embossing is Easy IF YOU USE Stewart’s Embossing Board Simple — Economical — Durable Sheets, 6x9 Inches $1.00 a Dozen, Postpaid The Inland Printer Company 130 Sherman Street, CHICAGO Will You Accept This Business Book if We Send it Free? Sign and mail the coupon below. Send no money! Take no risk! Name _ Address Business 762 The Sea of Color Charted for The Printer :: The Margo System HE PRINTER can plan the color and obtain harmonious, unusual and striking effects, even more simply and quickly than he can select the paper stock — by using THE MARGO SYSTEM. CL No matter whether the paper is colored or white, the printer can give the printing richness, beauty and distinction in coloration — by using THE MARGO SYSTEM. CL Absolute close harmony or absolute contrast is obtainable in a few minutes — no expensive,, uncertain testing, proofing or guessing with ink and press. The Chromato- scope is the Printers ’ Chart in the Sea of Color. CL These facts are de¬ terminable by you if you will write to us in con¬ sultation. Y ou can satisfy yourself, and save your¬ self an infinity of trouble in your colorwork and save a great deal of money — and money saved is twice earned. CL The Inland Printer Technical School con¬ ducts the I. T. U. Course of Instruction in Printing. The management of the school has tested THE MARGO SYSTEM, and Mr. F. J. Trezise, the chief instructor says this : Have You a Chromato¬ scope? InCancf Pctnterlec/ynicaCSc/IooC 120430 S£emnanL Street C£i£a^J!?. ■ introduction of the Margo system it the printing ink industry has determine pleasii printer to dupl i< and with the grei ing the names throughout, an meaningless nai lg combinations, and enables the, :ate in color the artist's sketch- itest facility. Margo nomenclature of colors — us- f the primary and secondary colors doing away with the fanciful but 3S heretofore used, will do much rinter to establish a proper rela- Very truly yours, IBIMD PRINTER TFCHNTCAI SCHOOL, Consult us in color problems. You will have only one regret — that you did not consult us sooner. PHILIP RUXTON, Inc. NEW YORK and CHICAGO. 763 If you sell business stationery, whether you do the work of producing it or not, you sometimes lose an order for want of a convincing argument Here is an argument that secures orders: Mr. Customer, here is our estimate for making your letter-heads and envelopes. It includes the best work we know how to do, on a bond paper that will add character to the finished job without adding much to the price. W e want to help you to compare price with product, so you can judge values fairly. Of course you want the best value, because that means a bigger money’s worth. You know business men are judging one another pretty closely these days. And a man’s business stationery influences this judgment for better or worse. We want to suggest that your stationery has not been quite up to the standard you maintain in other departments of your business. You may have thought so, but it isn’t good enough for you, when compared with what your competitors are using. So we have made this estimate io cents per thou¬ sand higher than you expected because it gives you a better value — more for your money. This increase gives you a much more dignified and impressive paper. It has nothing to do with the work. Here are the facts about it. This paper we recommend is sold only in large quantities. You know how that cuts down expense. It is sold direct to us from the mill agents. So no jobber gets a chance to add his profit to your expense, when you secure this paper. While it costs you io cents a thousand more, you get a value equal to 50 cents a thousand more, because of the way this paper is sold. Yes, that is the same talk you have read in maga¬ zine advertisements about Construction Bond; and it’s true. Construction Bond is the paper we recommend to those who want their money’s worth. Here’s a sample of it. See the water-mark. Try to tear it. Try your pen on it. Here’s another fact worth remembering. Con¬ struction Bond is more widely used by large consumers of stationery than any other bond paper. These big fellows are the closest buyers we have to deal with. They always get the best value. Now isn’t it pretty safe to follow their lead and get impressive stationery at a usable price ? Now, Mr. Seller of Business Stationery, CONSTRUCTION whether you do the work of producing it or not, there is an argument you can use to advantage. It has been used for several years successfully. So there is no guessing about it. The thing to do now is write at once for samples of all sizes, weights, colors and finishes of Construction Bond. Find out how we secure new customers for those who handle and recommend Construction Bond. We can secure them for you. So write to-day. W. E. WROE & CO., 313 Michigan Boulevard, Chicago BOND 764 IS THE OPINION OF THESE LEADING PRINTERS WORTH ANYTHING? Our New Model is Now Ready. Write for Particulars. Uses Every Make of Matrix — Linotype, Monotype, Compositype and Our Own Mal^e. Our rental plan gives you all the type you want for $2 per font. Our New Model is the fastest machine on the market, and the product is equal to foundry type. THOMPSON TYPE MACHINE CO. 120-130 Sherman Street, CHICAGO Set in Caslon and Cheltenham cast by the Thompson Typecaster from Linotype and Thompson Matrices If It’s a POTTER It’s The Best POTTER ROTARY OFFSET PRESS. The name POTTER on Printing Machinery is a guarantee of highest excellence. Three Sizes 28 x 34 30 x 42 34 x 44 Simplest , Strongest , Surest , Greatest Efficiency , Least Trouble, Either Hand or Automatic Feed . Potter Printing Press Co. PLAINFIELD, N. J. D. H. CHAMPLIN, 342 Rand-McNally Bldg., Chicago, Western Sales Agent. How Newspapers Can Get It Back EVERY publisher knows that newspapers formerly carried a large variety and quantity of general advertising which they have lost since the development of the modern attractively printed magazine. A greater volume of advertising is going into the magazines than ever before. Count the advertisements in the leading magazines — you’ll perceive the steady gain month after month. The volume grows constantly— THERE’S NO DOUBT ABOUT IT. Naturally, the question comes: “Why do not the newspapers get a share of this advertising?” Advertisers of seasoned judgment — who spend their money and watch results — TELL why. Advertisements printed in magazines are clear and sharply outlined — NEVER SMUDGED OR BLURRED — as in newspapers. THEY STAND OUT like a beacon light in the dark — every type is distinctly outlined and perfectly defined, every word is a picture unto itself — attractive, luring, fascinating. The strong typography of the advertisement catches and holds the eye — compels you to read it through — once , twice and THRICE. After that you ADMIRE it and STUDY it as you would a picture. There are thousands of others who do the same thing, which is not true of the newspaper. This superiority of magazine advertising over that of newspapers comes from the printing — printing on the RIGHT KIND of press. THE COTTRELL SUNDAY SUPPLEMENT PRESS is built by the same people and on the same principles as the Cottrell magazine rotary presses on which the beautiful magazine work is done. It imparts to the newspaper the clearness and elegance of the most beautifully printed magazines in the world. Possessing the Cottrell Sunday Supplement Presses, newspapers can get back the vast amount of advertising which has been lost. May we write you full particulars ? C. B. COTTRELL & SONS CO. 41 PARK ROW, NEW YORK 279 DEARBORN ST., CHICAGO Works: WESTERLY, R. I. 767 THE USER OF THE RELIABLE WHITLOCK ALWAYS ENJOYS HIS VACATION OWNERS OF WHITLOCK PRESSES have a measure of enjoyment when away on vacations not experienced by other printing-office proprietors. They know that the pressroom is making money at every turn of the wheel. They know that the output of the room will be large in quantity and good in quality. They know that the presses will cause no trouble by breakdowns and delays. They know that other essential details of the conduct of that department will move along smoothly. Why not become a member of the large and happy family of Whitlock users, so that you can have peace of mind when away as well as when “ on the job ? ” It is easy to join. Let us tell you how. AGENCIES COVERING AMERICA AND EUROPE Messrs. J. H. SCHROETER & BRO., 133 Central Avenue, Atlanta. Ga. Messrs. T. W. & C. B. SHERIDAN, 10 Johnson’s Court, FleetSt.. London, E.C. AUSTRALASIAN AGENTS Messrs. Parsons & Whittemore, 174 Fulton St., New York. Challis House, Martin Place, Sydney. The WHITLOCK PRINTING-PRESS MANUFACTURING COMPANY DERBY, CONN. NEW YORK, 23d Street and Broadway Fuller (Flatiron) Building BOSTON, 510 Weld Building, 176 Federal Street 768 IN THE FOREST Color Plates and Printing by The Williamson-Haffner Engraving Co. United States Colortype Press Denver, Colorado Manufactured by The Ault & Wiborg Company, Cincinnati, New York, Chicago, St. Louis, Toronto, London. Are You Going to Let an 7^ •fhe Miller Saw- Trimmers are fully cov¬ ered by U. S. and for¬ eign patents and pending applications, controlled ex¬ clusively by Miller Saw- Trimmer Co., who will vig¬ orously protect its rights therein. BLOCK YOU? LOOK this straight in the face ! Can you honestly call it good business to let an imaginary "If" cheat you out of your rights, when knowing positively can cost you nothing? We offer you: Thirty Days Riskless Free Use of the MILLER “Universal” or “Special-Purpose” SAW-TRIMMER Acceptance commits you to nothing. The gamble is all on us. Under your own shop conditions you prove out the Miller — decide how much it will make for you, how much it will save, how quickly it will earn its cost. Then keep it or return it as you elect. Write us today for full details on these two types which are the only machines in the world which saw-and-trim at a single operation, reducing cuts, slugs and rule to absolute point measure, mitering, mortising and accomplishing other important cuts and trims precisely to points. Today is none too soon to write. Miller Saw-Trimmer Co. Milwaukee $300 $200 Sharp Competition requires Special Machinery MEISEL Press & Mfg. Co. T is not the largest printing plant, employ¬ ing a large army of workmen, that turns out work profitably. It is the one equipped with special machinery that can meet com¬ petition at profit. We build Special Machines for the Print¬ ing and allied trades, for producing special¬ ties in one operation. Write us class of work, principal sizes — whether delivered flat, folded, interleaved, or rewound, and output desired — so that we ' can submit descriptive data and quote prices. 944 to 948 Dorchester Avenue BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS QUAUTY-PRICE-SERVICE A COMBINATION IMPOSSIBLE TO BEAT "SATIN FINISH” Engravers’ Supplies Copper and Zinc . Charcoal, Powders, All Sizes and Gauges Dragon’s , Blood, Inks, Carried in Stock and all sundries The American Steel & Copper Plate Co. 116 Nassau St., New York City BRANCHES 358 Dearborn Street, Chicago 97 Queen Victoria St., London, Eng. THE SCOTT SHEET-FEED ROTARY TWO-REVOLUTION is the Pioneer Sheet-Feed Rotary Press “ Built by the People JVho Know How ” A Scott Rotary Sheet-Feed Two-Revolution Press has been in operation in one of the largest printing-offices in New York city for several years, running all the time and giving entire satisfaction. Over a Million Impressions have been worked on a set of plates on this machine without any perceptible weai;. It gives an unyielding impression and the ink distribution is unsur¬ passed. The Printed Sheets are delivered singly on a receiving table properly jogged for refeeding. The receiving table lowers automatically at a speed equal to the thickness of paper used. The delivery can be arranged to deliver the printed product with printed side up or down, as desired. Send to nearest Office for prices and further information about this machine. New York Office 41 Park Row Walter Scott & Co. - DAVID J. SCOTT, General Manager - — PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A. Cable Address— *' WALTSCOTT,” New York. Chicago Office Monadnock Block 771 Ah raise mah voice ter sing Jwlgl Chalk- Plate habit pSrjA ^rTr RL It’s a money-making / ^ habit. It’s within your /£/ VkWa'/.l / Cuts; a straight and sim- HL mI®/ wv^ / ple system’ easy to learn> ^|ph Hu ■ / w,thout any Iengthy and j|lL5 ||:§4 Ik ^ In every State, news- Dinse, Page & Company Electrotypes Nickeltypes - and •= Stereotypes llfl fKS§L papers use the Chalk- ^ f P'ate SyStSm and find Chalk-Plate outfits. A fuU Hne ot^Dols^and^ Madiinery Jor^Eng^aving^aaid^Stereotyping. HOKE ENGRAVING PLATE CO. 304 N. Third Street ST. LOUIS, MO. 429-437 LA SALLE ST. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS TELEPHONE, HARRISON 7185 1 * Bind your Inland Printers ^ rtf f-trimo with an ARNOLD SECURITY BINDER * %zM> C. JL a K i Artistic Simple Durable NO TOOLS, PUNCHING OR STITCHING - YOUR HANDS THE ONLY TOOLS /"TAHE “ARNOLD SECURITY BINDER” is the modern method of keeping your magazines I together and in good condition. It has the finished appearance of a bound book and is the ideal permanent binding or emptied and refilled as the magazines become out of date. A magazine can be inserted or removed at any time without disturbing the others. Binder for One Volume, six issues, $1.00 Two Binders , covering Ml year, $1.80 _ 772 Four operation^ at one_ and t_he_ same_ time, consequently great sayiny of time and labor_ These machines are covered by U. S. Patents Nos. 761,496, 763,673, 768,461, 768,462, 768,463, 779,784, 783,206, 789,095, 828,665, 813,215, 846,923. Action has been commenced against Gullberg & Smith for making machines in infringe¬ ment of patent No. 761,496, covering the Detector or Caliper. Sellers and users of the infringing machines are also liable. WATCH THIS SPACE FOR A LABOR -SAVER TO BE PLACED ON MARKET BY US GEO. JUENGST & SONS CROTON FALLS. N. Y. 773 saving Kidder Machinery “ Do you ever think you require a Press built specially for your work? You do? Well, then get into correspondence with us. We are doing such work continually and may have the designs of such a Press in our draw¬ ing-room, which we could build quickly, and at the cost of one specially designed. What you are after is Output Quality Reduced cost. We can give you these in “ Kidder Printing Presses." Tell us your requirements. We will furnish particulars. Kidder Press Co. Dover, N. H. Canada: The J. L. Morrison Co. Toronto NEW YORK OFFICE : 261 Broadway GIBBS-BROWER CO., Agents Great Britain: John Haddon & Co. London 774 Parkside Casing-in Machine iff! A neater book than has hitherto been obtainable by any process is insured by the case-forming device on this machine. For further particulars about the Parkside Casing-in Machine, address T. W. & C. B. SHERIDAN CO. 56-58 Duane Street, NEW YORK 149 Franklin Street, CHICAGO 65-69 Mount Pleasant, LONDON, W.C., ENGLAND. 775 II I C K OK Paper-Ruling Machines "■> Ruling Pens ‘Bookbinders ’ Machinery The W. O. HICKOK MFG. CO. HARRISBURG, PA., U. S. A. The Robert Dick MAILER Combines the three great essentials to the publisher : SPEED — SIMPLICITY- DURABILITY. § Experts address with our machines 8,556 papers in one hour. <| SO SIMPLE a month’s practice will enable ANY operator to address 3,000 an hour. and inspect our new}/ installed modern and up-to-date Engraving and Electrotyping plant-, fully equipped with all the latest improved machinery operated under the most advantageous conditions manifested in our product which is the Best. STREET, CHICAGO IE FRANKLIN 460 HOOLE MACHINE & ENGRAVING WORKS 29-33 Prospect Street 111 Washington Street ===== BROOKLYN, N. Y. - - “HOOLE” Check End -Name Printing Machine A Job of 500 End Names can be set up and run off on the “HOOLE” Check End-Name Printing Machine at a cost of nine cents, and the work will equal that of the print¬ ing-press. Let us refer you to concerns who are getting the above results. End-Name, Numbering, Paging and Bookbinders’ Machinery and Finishing Tools of all kinds. npl 1*^ - cuts and electrotypes can’t I KACf show good results without 1 11*"' the use of really good Printers’ Inks which fasten the cuts to the paper and are more important than the harness which connects horse and wagon. HUBER’S are the best, best working and best looking printing inks. Made from HUBER’S cele¬ brated colors and HUBER’S own best varnishes, scientifically and harmoniously combined, they will permit the printer to turn out the most and the best work that the press is capable of doing. Ask for catalogue. MANUFACTURER OF J. M. Huber Dry Colors, Pulp Color* Varnishes and Printing IlllCS 350 Dearborn Street - - CHICAGO JOHN MIEHLE, Jr., Manager BOSTON PHILADELPHIA ST. LOUIS 1 33 Pearl Street 206 South Fifth Street 113-115 Vine Street 150 Worth Street and 3, 4, 5, 6 Mission Place, NEW YORK HUBER’S Colors in use since 1780 780 The sheet, as shown, is fed short of the gauge and yet it will register. When the press closes, the “Auto¬ matic” extends forward and gently pushes the sheet to exact position. It does not bite the sheet and prevent it from registering. It never pushes it out. It registers cardboard or paper. The ordinary gripper operates it. No extra fixtures. The gauge forms a stop for the sheet and then registers it. Feed any way to it as a side gauge, and as fast as you like. The Automatic Register Gauge costs $4.80. Including a pair of the Double -Grip Gauges for the bottom, to your door for $5.95. Testimonials and booklet. Your Dealer or E. L. MEGILL, Patentee and Manufacturer, 60 Duane Street, NEW YORK NEW Wing-Horton Mailer in this and foreign countries are adopting the WING- HORTON MAILER. There is a Reason ! EASELS FOR DISPLAY CARDS and sizes to suit any make or shape of card. Write for Samples and Prices. Consult us about that difficult Die¬ cutting job you have trouble with. We are experts in Paper and Card Die-Cutting. Standard Die Cutting Co. T T'VT T~'\ /^V T TPT'P PlT publishers and printers have noticed the claims of Cy i. yI ly W v_y U A L ^ L y i > A unusual superiority for lead-molded and steel electrotypes. As the largest producers of electrotype plates in the world, with a business created entirely on quality and service, we claim for our electrotypes an exact duplication and a printing quality equal to the original, and for our nickeltypes an extra wearing quality for long runs and for color printing. “ The proof of the pudding is in the eating ” and the publisher and printer that appreciates quality is respectfully invited to test our service. We also make designs, drawings, half-tones, zinc etchings, wood- cuts and wax engravings, but — we do no printing. 407-425 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO OUR PRICES are popular. If you are a buyer of Engravings\ you should have our Scale of Prices, the most complete, 1 comprehensive and consistent scale ever issued. With it on your I desk, the necessity for correspondence is practically eliminated. / 781 THE HUBER- HODGMAN PRINTING PRESS PRINT-SIDE-UP DELIVERY IN OPERATION E" us send you a little booklet of endorsements, by some of the largest, most successful and artistic printers, of the Huber-Hodgman Printing Presses. These printers have used this press, and over their own signatures commend it. You, the non-users, are the ones we wish to show. When we get a customer to try this machine, our arguments are ended — we have a most efficient representative in his plant then — the press that looks after future orders. We are building the most efficient printing-press that is to-day offered the trade. If you will try one you will be convinced. Nothing on the market like our Four-roller Pony de luxe for speed, rigidity, register, distribution and durability. Built in two sizes, 28 x 33 and 28x36. We solicit an interview or correspondence. VAN ALLENS & BOUGHTON 17 to 23 Rose St. and 1 33 JV illiam St., New York. Factory— Taunton, Mass. Agents, Pacific Coast, PACIFIC STATES TYPE FOUNDRY, 645 Battery Street, San Francisco, Cal. Agent, England, P. LAWRENCE PTG. MACHINERY CO., Ltd. 57 Shoe Lane, London, E. C. Western Office, 277 Dearborn Street, H. W. THORNTON, Manager , Telephone, Harrison 801. CHICAGO 782 American Model 30 A STRICTLY HIGH-GRADE MACHINE COMBINING STRENGTH AND SIMPLICITY OF CONSTRUCTION WITH ABSOLUTE ACCURACY Write for a Sample Machine on trial NEW DESIGN 5 WHEELS W 12345 Steel throughout Model 31—6 wheels . . $6.00 AMERICAN Machine Co- 293 Essex St., Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A. OR THROUGH DEALERS Parts Released for Cleaning and Oiling. Steel throughout Model 31 — 6 wheels, $6.00 The BEST and LARGEST GERMAN TRADE JOURNAL for the PRINTING TRADES on the EUROPEAN CONTINENT ifutarljfr Hurit- mih gtetnftntrim* “bu™.™ Devoted to the interests of Printers, Lithographers and kindred trades, with many artistic supplements. <1 Yearly Subscription for Foreign Countries, 14s.'9d. — post free. Sample Copy, Is. DeuJsrijpr lurlj- mb iTruriteurkpr 19 DENNEWITZ-STRASSE - - - BERLIN, W. 57. GERMANY Read by British and Colonial Printers the W orld over. Size, 414 X 9 784 Reducol Compound Enables you to make ink work under different climatic conditions and temperatures ; prevents picking and assists in rendering slip-sheeting practically unnecessary. Transparent Paste Body Dryer Enables you to back up printed sheets immediately. Electrical Destroyer Annihilates Electricity in Paper. Magic Type and Roller Wash Will remove any dried-up ink from rollers and forms when no benzine or turpentine will touch it. Richter’s Superior Metal Cleaner Will clean and flux Linotype, Monotype, Stereotype and Electrotype Metals. MANUFACTURED BY Indiana Chemical Company INDIANAPOLIS, IND. A Peerless Trade- Builder As a trade-builder, a printer can get nothing that will approach Peerless Patent Book-form Cards because when you once get a customer for these cards you get him as long as he buys cards. Any printer who has developed a trade for these cards will testify to this fact. Customers who remember you for cards will remember you, because of that fact, for other kinds of printing. Don’t you want to be remembered? You Do the Printing in Your Own Plant We supply these Peerless Cards to you in Blanks, already Scored. WITH USE OF OUR LEVER BINDER CASE, TABBING OF CARDS IS NOT REQUIRED. Send for Card Samples and see the perfectly smooth edge when the cards are detached. Write for it to-day — now. THE JOHN B. WIGGINS COMPANY Engravers Die Embossers Plate Printers 7 and 9 E. Adams Street, Chicago ROTARY CARD CUTTERS For cutting high-grade cards in quantities at a minimum cost. Index Cards Record Cards Visiting Cards Business Cards Cut so uniform that a pack of cards has the appearance of a solid block. The product from each set of knives collated by adjustable receiving boxes. Machines from 36 to 144 inches wide. For cutting small lots of cards, we build Hand Shears and Card Choppers specially designed for accurate work. Chas. Beck Paper Company, Limited PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 5-10 785 THAT 5,000 RUN The Cartwright Press is THE Automatic Job Press for Short as well as Long Run Presswork Cartwright Advantages FLAT BED, FLAT PLATEN AUTOMATIC SHEET FEED it SU?A^ted^tT emboss£g^OTSwo^^reXiring^ aheavy The New Way CARTWRIGHT AUTOMATIC JOB PRESS METHOD The Old Way Styl 'Handfed JOB- PRESS METHOD See the Difference? The Cartwright Way — The Only Right Way May we tell you more about it ? The Cartwright Automatic Press Co. SPRINGFIELD, OHIO World Building, New York, N. Y. m 12345 TMS NEW IMPROVED BATES Price $8 ALTHOUGH far superior to any other Typographic Numbering Machine upon the market, this machine will remain at the low price quoted above instead of being advanced in price as have The machine is type-high and designed to be locked in the chase with the form, wholly sur- s? srst vs sfs i s . r - w.e!1 - “ki"* f *"■ " l*f»- .The plunger THE SIZE- 11/2XT516 IN. BATES NUMBERING MACHINE COMPANY, 700 JAMAICA AYE., BROOKLYN, N. Y. The Morse Adjustable Gage Pin ACCURATE AND RELIABLE 10enda^ A TWENTIETH CENTURY CONVENIENCE for PRESSMEN THE EASIEST, QUICKEST AND CHEAPEST ADJUSTABLE PIN EVER OFFERED TO THE CRAFT Only the draw-sheet being engaged allows that sheet to be lifted from the make-ready without disturbing the register. Twelve points high, eight points margin, a range of thirty points adjustment, either from end or side. Half Dozen .... 60c. One Dozen . . . $1.15 THE MORSE GAGE PIN CO. SARATOGA SPRINGS, N.Y., U.S.A. KOFt SALE BY ALL DEALERS -3W1 Dawbarn & Ward, Ltd., 6 Farringdon Ave., London, E. C. AMERICAN AGENTS: Messrs. Spon & Chamberlain, 123 Liberty Street, New York ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH HALF? For Cylinder Press Drive the Ratio of Power Used to the Power Paid For is With Line Shaft Drive . . 20 PER CENT With Motor Drive, Variable Speed, Armature Control 45 PER CENT With »B-T” MOTOR, Varl- able Speed, Field Control 76 PER CENT Close speed regulation. Always the same speed for the same position of the controller. Wide ranfje of speed. All obtained by “B-T” MOTOR DRIVE WITH FIELD CONTROL Write for description The Mechanical Appliance Co. MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN DIE EMBOSSING and COPPER PLATE EN= ORAVING for Printers FOR ALL THAT IS CLASSIC — no matter for what purpose — COMMER¬ CIAL or SOCIETY, the adaptability of Steel=Die Embossing is the one acknowledged artistic form of correct private or commercial stationery. You can provide for tl WITH NO INVESTMENT you can work up a ] customers who are wil Embossed Work. Lei show you the way tc business among a jay a good price foi respond with you. We 787 Printer and Publisher is the Canadian printer’s local paper. It is the only printing journal in Canada and is the organ of the Canadian Press Association. You know the value of a local paper to the advertiser; you realize its direct benefits to the reader in keeping him fully informed on what is going on in his own locality. Every month JnK goes to all parts of W' Canada from coast to coast, covering the en- J tire field. With its news of the month in gos¬ sipy form and various useful features, which make it a practical aid to the printer, its advantages to the adver¬ tiser who wants to cover the Canadian field and do it thoroughly can not be questioned. Send for rate card and further information Published every month in Toronto, Montreal, Winnipeg THE BEESTER ELECTROTYPES Bear the ear-mark of UA Little Better than Expected — In Unexcelled Serviced'' If you require high-grade reproductions, for high- grade printing, and are one of those “hard-to-suit” buyers of Electrotypes, we can satisfy the most exacting requirement. GOOD ELECTROTYPES AND QUICK SERVICE COST you NO MORE than the ordinary kind. It’s worth your while to investigate our facilities, and a visit by YOU to our plant will set aside any question. Special Automobile Service at your command. THE BEUSTER COMPAnVYPING 371-375 Dearborn Street, Chicago, Ill. Phone, Harrison 2657. Full Equipments of the Latest and Most Improved ROLLER=MAKING MACHINERY FURNISHED ESTIMATES FOR LARGE OR SMALL OUTFITS A MODERN OUTFIT FOR LARGE PRINTERS JAMES ROWE 241=247 South Jefferson St., CHICAGO, ILL. LINOTYPE & MACHINERY COMPANY, Ltd., European Agents, 189 Fleet Street, London, England 788 ew Place to Shoot and Fish W. E. DAVIS, P. T. M. Temagami Northern Ontario, Canada —a new territory now reached by rail— the country of the canoe, the camper’s paradise. Fish for black bass, speckled trout and lake trout— the gamiest fish that swim. Shoot moose, deer, bear, partridge and other game during the hunting season. Bring your camera — the scen¬ ery is wild and magnificent. In this pure, pine-perfumed air, hay fever is unknown. A booklet telling you all about it, hand¬ somely illustrated, sent on application to 789 Now is the Time forYour Summer Vacation A Trip to Yellowstone Park pays big dividends in pleasure, change, and novel experiences. UNION PACIFIC “The Safe Road to Travel” Takes you to Yellowstone, Montana, right at the edge of the park, and only nineteen miles from the Fountain Hotel, Lower Geyser Basin. Block Signal Protection. Dining Car Meals and Service Best in the JVorld . Dustless Roadbed, Perfect Track. For beautiful descriptive literature and full information relative to rates, routes, etc., call on or address W. G. NEIMYER, G. A. 120 Jackson Boulevard Chicago 790 Westinghouse Motors Driving Stitchers With every machine in the printing shop in¬ dividually driven by a Westinghouse Motor there is no waste of power, as is the case when driving a large amount of shafting and a large number of machines that are doing no work. With individual drive when a machine is not working it is not running, and when working consumes only the power sufficient to run it. Furthermore, you can place your machines exactly where wanted. We make motors specially adapted to printing machinery, and can tell you just how to apply them. Westinghouse Electric & Mfg. Co. PITTSBURG, PA. Sales Offices in all Large Cities. For Canada — Canadian Westinghouse Co., Ltd., Hamilton, Ont. LINOTYPE AND Sort Caster WORK TOGETHER FROM LINOTYPE MATS 10 Point Cheltenham Years ago the TYPE FOUNDERS GAVE UP THE ADJUSTABLE MOLD and installed the permanent mold for each size body— as it was found almost impossible to make the same adjustments at different times. Printers who have had experience with irregular type bodies will hardly re¬ turn to the product of an adjustable mold. ALL TYPE IN THIS AD CAST ON THE NUERNBERGER - RETTIG UNIVERSAL AUTOMATIC TYPECASTING MACHINE COMPANY CHICAGO I Can Help You To a Better If you are tired of long hours of slavery in an uncongenial position, the demand for trained advertising writers and specialists has a greater meaning than ever before. I shall be glad to mail you my free books — Prospectus and “Net Results ” — telling just what I have done for ambitious men and women, and what I can probably do for you. An abbreviated example : Boston, July 10, 1909. My dear Mr. Powell: I know you will be pleased to learn of the success I have attained through the Powell System. July 1 ter¬ minated my very suc¬ cessful career as man¬ ager of the H. S. Moody Land Company, Providence, R. I. In fifty-six weeks I am credited with $400,000 in book accounts, with one day’s record of $12,000 — thanks to your interest in my behalf. I am now accepting a position allowing more scope. Very truly yours, E. MILTON MOSHER. My system of correspondence instruction is the highest development in the world of business education, and, besides making you an advertising expert capable of earning thousands, it also makes you a master of business correspondence and selling plans. For the free books mentioned, address me, George H. Powell 1247 Metropolitan Annex, NEW YORK 791 The Schopl of Hard Knocks 1 The Best Special Works for Lithographers, Etc. ALBUM LITHO — 26 parts in stock, 20 plates in black and color, $1.50 each part. AMERICAN COMMERCIAL SPECIMENS-three series, 24 plates in color, $3.50 each series. TREASURE OF GRAPHIC ARTS— 24folio plates in color, $4.50. TREASURE OF LABELS — the newest of labels— 15 plates in color, $3.00. "FIGURE STUDIES” — by Ferd Wiist — second series, 24 plates, $3.00. FREIE KUNSTE -SEMI-MONTHLY PUBLICATION- This Journal is the best Technical Book for Pri, and all Kindred Trades. Artistic supplements. $3.00, post free; sample copy, 25 cents. PUBLISHED BY , Lithographers rly subscription, JOSEF HEIM - - Vienna Vl./i Austria Clje American pressman A MONTHLY TECHNICAL TRADE JOURNAL WITH 20,000 SUBSCRIBERS' Best medium for direct communication with the user and purchaser of Pressroom Machinery and Materials. ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR 802 -80S Lyric Theater Bldg., CINCINNATI, Ohio Uses Fine and Coarse Staples. Binds to X'inch. Has Automatic Clinching and Anti-clogging De¬ vices. Equipped with both Flat and Saddle¬ back Tables. Holds 250 Staples at a charge. Acme Staple Co. 112 North Ninth Street CAMDEN, N. J. The Best of Its Kind THE ACME Wire Staple Binder Has served its purpose in promi¬ nent printing es¬ tablishments for THE NEW STATIONERS’ MAGAZINE NOT A NEWSPAPER Devoted exclusively to promoting the selling end of the retail stationery business Matt& £>tatumer 120 -130 SHERMAN STREET, CHICAGO Edited and managed by the same efficient corps of men who control The In/and Printer , aided by some of the best and most practical stationers in the country. DEPARTMENTS : Window Dressing Shelf and Counter Display Salesmanship Lettering for Stationers Stationers’ Advertising Stationery Store Management EIGHTY PAGES. FULLY ILLUSTRATED Subscription Rate .... $1.50 per year Send for sample copy, 15 cents 792 j 5 m ITII COURSE IN PRINTING L 120-130 SHERMAN STREET :: :: :: :: :: CHICAGO Lt_ Gives Confidence \ A student in charge of a non¬ competitive office, writing to the I. T. U. Commission, says: “/ can submit a job with greater confidence than I ever did before.” Confidence is somewhere be¬ hind every success. Your failures — whole or partial — are largely due to lack of that vital quality. The I. T. U. Course gives stu¬ dents CONFIDENCE because — The instruction is scientifically correct. It is imparted by the most approved educational methods. Every nerve is strained to help the stu¬ dent — the backward are encouraged, not scolded or jeered at; the alert are improved, not spoiled by fulsome praise. You should know about this educational effort that is pronounced wonderful by hundreds of stu¬ dents who are taking it. For full information drop a line to The I. T. U. COMMISSION 120 SHERMAN STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. The price — $20, five per cent off for cash; or $5 down and $5 a month till paid — is merely the cost of instruction. On and after September 1 the price of the Course will be $25, with easy payments. E£ mi COURSE IN PRINTING 120 130 SHERMAN STREET :: 793 Should be in Every Printer’s Hands This new 100-page book of cuts contains proof in one and two colors of the oddest and most unusual cuts ever gotten together — a collection of dashy, brilliant, artistic illustrations, executed by some of the cleverest artists of New York and Chicago — cuts that will inject snap and ginger into any text they accompany, catch and hold the eye until advertising, reasons and arguments can sink into the mind. To the printer and the advertising man the ideas and sug¬ gestions in this book will be invaluable, worth many times what we are asking. Send 50 cents (stamps or money) for this book to-day. Price of book refunded on first order of $1.50 or more. Mr. Photo -Engraver Photographer Blue-Printer WE HAVE AN ARC LAMP SPECIALLY DE- SIGNED FOR YOUR WORK. Let us tell you more THE ADAMS-BAGNALL ELECTRIC CO. The Patterson-Gibbs Co. Department B, Heyworth Bldg., Chicago, Illinois CLEVELAND, OHIO NEW YORK OFFICE 143 Liberty St. CHICAGO OFFICE 303 Dearborn St. CORDOVA SUPER COVER Super strength, especially desirable for Telephone Directory Covers or any Catalogue Work where good wearing qualities are wanted. Ask us for sample book. Detroit Sulphite Pulp 4 Paper Co. MAKERS OF PAPERS OF STRENGTH DETROIT, MICH. Electrotypes Nickeltypes represent but a small fraction of the sum involved in any job of which they are a part, yet a great deal depends upon their quality. You want plates that print as well as the patterns, made by a process that will not injure the originals, delivered to you ready for the press without “tinkering.” Our plates are the results of good material, made by men who know how, under the supervision of a member of our firm anxious to preserve our reputation for quality. Acme Electrotype Co. 341-351 Dearborn St., Chicago 794 LUSTRO COATED BOOK Do you know it? Write for a set of 12 EXHIBIT SHEETS that show the adaptability of LUSTRO to various classes of work that you are all the time called upon to do. In color, LUSTRO is the whitest of the white and its surface is truly superfine. It will solve some of your problems of turn¬ ing out fine half-tone and color work at moderate prices. Stocked in 25 x 38 — 80, 100, 120 lbs.; 28 x 44— 100, 120, 140, 160 lbs.; 32 x 44 — 120, 140, 160 lbs.; minimum basis, 25 x 38 — 75 lbs. S. D. WARREN & COMPANY BOSTON MASS. PAPER MANUFACTURERS Distributing Agents Buffalo, N. Y . The Ailing & Cory Co. Cn2§8M.™*>.} • J- W, Butler Paper Co. Cleveland, Ohio . Kingsley Paper Co. Dallas, Tex . Southwestern Paper Co. Grand Rapids, Mich. . Central Michigan Paper Co. Houston, Tex . Southwestern Paper Co. Kansas City, Mo . Benedict Paper Co. Los Angeles, Cal . Blake, Moffitt & Towne New York City (for export only) National Paper & Type Co. Milwaukee, Wis . Standard Paper Co. Oakland, Cal . Oakland Paper Co. Philadelphia, Pa . Magarge & Green Co. Pittsburg, Pa . The Ailing & Cory Co. Portland, Me . C. M. Rice Paper Co. Rochester, N. Y . The Ailing & Cory Co. San Francisco, Cal. . . . Blake, Moffitt & Towne Seattle, Wash . Mutual Paper Co. Spokane, Wash. . . American Type Founders Co. Vancouver, B. C. . . American Type Founders Co 795 m ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ “How Much Did the Job Cost , and What Was Your Profit f” 4T the solicitation of numerous representative printing houses of the United States and Canada, the Inland Printer Technical School announces the addition to its courses of study of a department of COST ACCOUNTING FOR PRINTERS The department is in charge of thoroughly experienced cost accountants, who have made a close study of this, the most important branch of the printing business. The Cost-Accounting Course is designed not only for employing printers, who desire to place their business on a sound commercial basis, but it is of the greatest benefit to the ambitious worker, because it shows him how to successfully handle costs. It shows him how to go into business for himself and make a success of it if he is properly prepared — and, inversely, it will show him clearly the dangers in the path, and deter him from engaging in business for himself on a cut-price basis. The whole subject of Cost Accounting, so far as it relates to the printing busi¬ ness, is covered by the Course. Among the subjects taught are: Bookkeeping for the Printer Average Costs by Totals Order Entry System Average Costs by Departments Cost Accumulating Stock Keeping Calculating and Recording Costs Perpetual Inventory Filing for Handy Reference Overhead Expenses Costs by Departments Department Expenses Costs of Completed Work Office and Selling Expenses Costs of Stock Work Proper Application of the Percentage Principle Inventory and How to Take It for Cost Purposes The Course of Cost Accounting for Printers may be taken personally or by correspondence. The value of the instruction is the same in either case, the Corre¬ spondence Course occupying a longer time. The fee includes individual instruction by expert accountants who are highly specialized in the printing business; copy for all books, blank forms, time tickets, etc., so that the student-printer can establish the system himself at once, and work it successfully. The system is very simple. It has been perfected after years of experiment. It has been tested and re-tested and has met with the approval of the best authorities in the printing business. The system we teach will enable any printer to tell instantly and definitely just where he stands without any guesswork. Method digests the matter that industry collects. Without it no business can be carried on successfully. Great success in life only comes to the very few — and they are invariably Men of Method. The Department of Cost Accounting provides a means whereby every printer can tell the condition of his business, and Where and How to give it New Life. COST DEPARTMENT, INLAND PRINTER TECHNICAL SCHOOL 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 796 FOR PRINTERS Quality Metals for printers are the kind Blatchford makes — Linotype, Monotype, Stereotype, etc., etc. E. W. Blatchford Co. CHICAGO, U. S. A. Eastern Office— 5 Beekman St., New York We cater to the Printing Trade in making the most up-to-date = line of ===== Pencil and Pen Carbons for any Carbon Copy work. Also all Supplies for Printing Form Letters. MITTAG & VOLGER, Inc. PARK RIDGE, NEW JERSEY MANUFACTURERS FOR THE TRADE ONLY Send for Catalogue ECONOMY ENGINEERING CO. 58-64 N. Jefferson St., Chicago, Ill. Foreign Agents: Parsons Trading Co.. New York Do you have to pile your stock? If so, you should have a Portable Elevator The standard in the trade is the Economy Steel Tiering Machine Acme Ink Reducer A Reducer and Dryer Combined. Acme Ink Reducer will readily mix with any kind ng a part of it, without injuring the :tingtherr ‘ of ink, becoi quality or af. _ „ On all jobs of coloi k — posters, lithos, nowcaras (all kinds), etc., requiring :uts, or large type, Acme Ink Reduce! ed, because it prevents pulling or pee . . and distributes the ink freely and ur producing the required amount of color at impression. Nothing does the business like Acme Ink Reducer —The World’s Best. Used and endorsed by e" leading printers everywhere. Send us a description of your requirements for mple, sufficient for a trial, free postpaid. ACME COMPOUND CO.. Elkhart. Ind., U.S.A. The B. G'A. Machine Works Successors to L. Martenson Repairing of Printers’ & Binders’ Machinery a specialty 200 S. Clinton St., CHICAGO Whitmore Mfg. Co. HOLYOKE, MASS. MANUFACTURE BEST GRADES OF Surface Coated PAPERS AND CARD BOARD Especially adapted for Lithographing and Three-color W^ork. OUR NEW IMPROVED ^Ijatitns dftlrns Are Guaranteed to Remain Transparent, are Deep and Do Not Smudge. ===== Write for Catalogue ===== Che American HbljaUinsr ^Hatljine Co. 164-168 Rano St., Buffalo, N.Y., U.S.A. CARBON BLACK Godfrey L. Cabot 797 OPENS WITH THE FOOT Ihs Justrite Oily Waste Can For Printers, Engineers and Machine Shops EXAMINED and TESTED by the NATIONAL BOARD OF FIRE UNDERWRITERS, and Listed by their Consulting Engineers. ADVANTAGES of the JUSTRITE The Patented Foot Lever opening device is so convenient that it obviates all desire to block the cover open, thereby greatly increasing the efficiency of the JUSTRITE can over all others. This feature appeals to all users of oily waste or refuse cans. FOR SALE by leading printers’ supply houses and hardware dealers, or write us direct for circulars and prices. THE JUSTRITE COMPANY 218 Lake Street CHICAGO, U. S. A. Gel a Hand Baler Sullivan Press = PRESSMEN’S = Overlay Knife PRICE, POSTPAID, 25 CENTS The Inland Printer Co. 1-130 Sherman Street :: Chicago INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. \sssn s*if 31sls3 TABLE OF CONTENTS -AUGUST, 1909 Ad-setting Contest No. 27 . 731 Advertising Records, Good . 732 Amateur Press Association . 754 Arbitration, National Board of . 755 Associated Advertising Clubs of America . 735 Autoplate . 681 Baseball Tournament, Printers’ . 753 Bean’s Composing-stick . 753 Black Bronze . 724. Bookbindery, Electricity in a . 749 Brass Rule, Suggestions on Standardizing _ 747 Business Notices: American Type Founders Co.’s New Script. 757 New Calendar Figures, American Type Founders Co . 757 Sigmund Ullman Company Sample-book . . . 757 Standard Die Cutting Company . 757 Cheap Methods of Reproduction . 727 Circulation, Definite Plans for Increasing. . . . 733 Circulation Managers’ Association . 755 Commercial Artist, The — His Use and Misuse 700 Composing-stick, A New . 753 Creed of the Printerman . 685 Curved Plates, Improvements in Stereotyping 681 Convention of International Printing Press¬ men’s Union . ' 737 Convention of International Association of Photoengravers . 746 Convention of United Typothetae of America. 738 Convention at Boston, United Typothetae.... 743 Convention of International Typographical Union . 736 Convention of Printers’ League . 745 Convention of Stereotypers and Electrotypers 755 Correspondence : Flat Scale Again . 705 Roughing Without a Roughing Machine. . . 705 Cost and Method: Buying Labor Instead of Material . 717 Cost-keeping for Engravers . 717 Distribution of Time in a Composing-room 721 Insurance Problem, Hints on the . 719 Poster Printers, Progress Among the . 720 Printer’s Parable, A . 721 Working for Work’s Sake, Example of. . . . 722 Democratic Editorial Association . 744 Diplomatic Triumph . 704 Drawing, Value of, to the Printer . 728 Dummy Day . 735 Dunn, W. P . 719 Editorial Notes : Cost of Photoengraving . 689 Employees’ Attendance at Union Meetings. 690 Explicit Instructions, Value of . 689 Fall Printing . 689 International Printing Pressmen’s Union. . . 690 International Typographical Union Conven¬ tion . 691 Organization and Public Opinion . 692 Pension Scheme of the 1. T. U . 690 Poster Printers . . 691 Printers’ Insurance . 690 Simplified Spelling . 691 United Typothetae Convention . 692 Education : Lessons in I. T: U. Course . 728 President Lynch Thinks More Journeymen Should Study . i . . . 7 Value of Drawing . 7 Electricity in a Bookbindery . 7 Evolution in Language . 6 acis, Charles, Tour of . 7 French Apprenticeship System . 7 French National Printing-office . 7 rench Printers, Visit of . 7 Fust and Schoffer, Latin Bible of . 7 enwood’s Multiline Gage . 7 Incidents in Foreign Graphic Circles: American Printing, Exhibit of, at Erfurt. . 7 Confiscation of Copyright of Pictures of Royalty . 7 Continental Tour of London Printers . 7 Dresden Trade School . 7 Evangels, Discovery of Copy in Russia .... 7 French Apprenticeship System . 7 French National Printing-office . 7 German Typographical Union Membership. 7 Gutenberg, Portraits of . 7 Italian Exposition in 1911 . 7 International Photographic Exposition . 7 Latin Bible of Fust and Schoffer . 7 Mistakes in Advertisements . 7 MoliSre’s Works, High Price Paid for . 7 Motteroz, Jean Claude . 7 Insurance Problem, Hints on the. . . 7 International Photographic Exposition . 7 Job Composition . 7 Jordan, C. W . 7 rneyman Printers Should Study . 7 Labor’s Appreciation of Public Work of Em¬ ployers . 7 London Notes: British Trade Conditions . 7 Church Work . 7 Employer’s Liability, Abuse of Law . 7 Labor Newspaper . 7 Process Engravings, Cost of . 7 Recorders on Linotypes, Objection to . 7 Scottish Typographical Association . 7 Temporary Work, Revision of Scale for. ... 7 Wage Scale, New . 7 Machine Composition: Assembler-slide Brake . 7 Back Knife . 7 Cleaning Magazine . 7 Double-magazine Assembler . 7 Matrices . 7 Metal Pot . 7 Mold and Mouthpiece . 7 Recent Patents on Composing Machinery.. . 7 Newspaper Solicitors’ Union . 7 Newspaper Work : Ad. -setting Contest No. 27 . 7; Advertising Records . 7; Arizona Gazette . 7: Associated Ohio Dailies . 7; Christchurch Weekly Press . 7; Good Ad. -display . 7: Newspaper Criticisms . 7: Rockford Register-Gazette . 7: New York Associated Dailies . 7 New York Editors in Joint Session . 7. New York State Press Association . 7 Pension Scheme of 1. T. U . 690 Photogravure in Colors, Saalburg Process. . . . 726 Pressroom : Black Bronze . 724 Ink on Sides of Type, To Avoid . 724 Rebuilt Rotary Presses . 724 Roll Tickets, Machine for Printing . 724 Roughing Machine . 724 Tympan for Bond-paper Jobs . 724 Vignette Edge, To Soften... . 724 Pressroom Practice — Some Observations by Printers’ League, Mass Convention of . 745 Process Engraving: Answers to Correspondents . 726 Black-and-Orange Copy, To Reproduce . 727 Cheap Reproduction Methods . 727 Chlorid of Iron Etching, To Hasten . 726 Copper or Brass Etchings, To Brighten .. . 726 Fourth Plate in Four-color Work . 726 Grained Bitumen . Process . 726 “ Photography of Colored Objects ” . 726 Saalburg’s Photogravure in Colors . 726 Stone Printing, Trouble in . 727 Proofroom : Harrowing Questions . 725 Reverend . 725 Shall and Will . 725 Recorders on Linotypes, Objection to . 707 Republican Editorial Association . 744 Roll Tickets, Machine for Printing . 724 Roughing Without a Roughing Machine. .... 705 Scottish Typographical Association . 707 Sigmund Ullman Company L N F Bond-ink. . 757 Specimens . 713 Standardizing Brass Rule, Suggestions on. . . . 747 Stereotyping Curved Plates . 681 Stone Printing . 727 Time in a Composing-room, Distribution of. . 721 Trade Notes: Aftermath of Presidential Election . 756 Amateur Press Association . 754 Anderson, Joseph M . 755 Cushing, J. Stearns . 755 Daylight Movement in Great Britain . 755 Greenwood’s Multiline Gage . 754 International Photoengravers’ Convention. . 755 National Association of Circulation Mana¬ gers . 755 National Board of Arbitration . 755 Newspaper Solicitors’ Union . 754 Ocean Newspaper Service . 756 Polyglot Newspaper in Chicago . 754 Resignation of State Printer Jones . 754 Retirement of Secretary McEvoy . 755 Schott, Charles J., an Author . 754 Stereotypers’ and Electrotypers’ Convention 755 Unemployment in London . 755 Visit of Charles Francis, of Printers’ League. 755 Visit of French Printers . 755 Union Meetings, Employees’ Attendance at. . . 690 United Typothetae Convention . 692 Unitype Taken Over by Wood & Nathan . 756 Voices of the Dunes . 687, 688 Washing Type, Kink on . 712 Wisconsin Press Association . 734 Wood & Nathan Take Over Unitype . 756 THE HENRY O. SHEPARD CO., PRINTERS, CHICAGO. 799 BOOKS AND UTILITIES ssss THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 120-130 Sherman St., CHICAGO 1729 Tribune Building, NEW YORK PAMPHLET GIVING CONTENTS OF EACH BOOK MAILED ON REQUEST 800 ' Mfai 'm® W;-s imimmik SEPTEMBER 1909 Imagination You don’t need a vivid imagination To see that DOUBLETONES and ULLMANINES Are different from ordinary inks. The difference is visible — Palpable — STRIKING. You couldn’t miss it if you try. You’ll find out also that They are the most economical Inks that you can use. $10 invested in DOUBLETONES and ULLMANINES Will pay you better than $1,000 invested in new equipment. You have lost money By not using these inks sooner. But it’s not yet too late to catch up, Sigmund Ullman Co New York Chicago Philadelphia TO THOSE "WHO ARE HOT FAMILIAR WITH CASCO PLATE SUPER BOOK PAPER We wish to say that it occupies a po¬ sition among S.&S.C. papers similar to that enjoyed by SNOWFLAKE in the enameled grade , „ . , CASCO PLATE SUPER is intended for catalog printing where paper less expensive than coated is sought You would he interested to know what really fine results are obtain¬ able on this elegant paper , . . WRITE FOR PLAIN OR PRINTED SPECIMENS DISTRIBUTORS OF “BUTLER BRANDS” STANDARD PAPER COMPANY . . MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN BENEDICT PAPER COMPANY . KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI SOUTHWESTERN PAPER COMPANY . DALLAS, TEXAS SOUTHWESTERN PAPER COMPANY . . HOUSTON, TEXAS PACIFIC COAST PAPER COMPANY . SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SIERRA PAPER COMPANY . LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA OAKLAND PAPER COMPANY . . . OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA CENTRAL MICHIGAN PAPER COMPANY . GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN MUTUAL PAPER COMPANY . SEATTLE, WASHINGTON AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY . SPOKANE, WASHINGTON AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY . VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE COMPANY (export only) . NEW YORK CITY NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE COMPANY . CITY OF MEXICO, MEXICO NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE COMPANY . CITY OF MONTEREY, MEXICO NATIONAL PAPER & TYPE COMPANY . HAVANA, CUBA J.W. BUTLER PAPER CO. CHICAGO 6-1 Big Type Founding Business There has been no panic in the type founding business. There is not an idle type founding employee in the United States. The American Type Founders Company offers to employ any person experienced in any department of type founding. It has advertised extensively to secure experienced type foundry employees, of which it has obtained quite a number. It has been compelled to constantly train apprentices to keep up with its large increase in type sales. This large increase has been due not only to its beautiful type faces and type families, but to the low price of the product where job type is sold in weight fonts at body type prices and large discounts. Many printers are buying more type than formerly because of the weight font opportunities. There is no further excuse for empty cases or lack of sorts. Job type was never sold at so low a price as now — in weight fonts. The enterprising printers are taking advantage of it, know¬ ing that they will save more in the cost of labor in their com¬ posing room by having an ample supply of type than the amount of their entire annual purchases of type. Besides, new up-to-date type faces bring new customers to the printery and hold old ones at fair prices. American Type Founders Company Cheltenham Bold, 18 Point The Casting Machine Fad Selling job type in weight fonts, at body type prices and discounts, has brought great changes, and many printers who were considering the purchase of casting machines have concluded that it was not only far cheaper, but more satisfactory to buy type in weight fonts than to put in casting machines with the big original outlay and the endless expense for labor, metal, matrices, repairs, gas and other supplies ever afterwards with a limitation as to the number of sizes and variety of faces, except at an outlay of many thousands of dollars for matrices. The enterprising machine salesman claims that a six or eight dollar boy can run a type casting machine, and in many cases it was tried with the result of poor type, bad line, matrices burned out and unsatisfactory results generally. There are not a dozen printing offices in the United States that can afford to purchase and operate a casting machine when job type can be bought in weight fonts at our low prices and large discounts. The entire yearly purchase of job type in weight fonts would not cost a printer as much as the matrices, to say nothing of the big investment in machines and the cost of labor, wear and tear, interest and other operating expenses. Any printer endeavoring to keep up with new faces and new styles would have to spend hundreds of dollars annually for matrices, and then obtain only the smaller sizes. Some printers have not hesitated to spend from two thousand to three thousand dollars in the purchase of a casting machine plant and supplies with a limited number of matrices, who would not spend that much in ten years in the purchase of type at the weight font prices, and as long as he used the casting machine be out the original cost, the operating expenses, the cost of matrices, gas, repairs, insurance, interest, etc. American Type Founders Company Set in Cheltenham Bold. 14 Point SOLD IN WEIGHT FONTS AT BODY TYPE PRICES AND DISCOUNTS MONOTONE GOTHIC 48 Point 4 A $4 00 7 a $3 55 $7 55 WAVERT RAILWAYS Hadinburg Boulevard 42 Point 5 A $3 30 8 a $3 00 $6 30 REQUIRE HARDENING Benevolent Campaigner 36 Point 5 A $2 30 8 a $2 75 $5 05 DEMOLISHED MANDOWN Characteristic Governments 30 Point 5 A $2 05 10 a $2 20 $4 25 RAILROAD TRAIN Western Novelties 24 Point 7 A $175 13 a $180 $3 55 EXCURSION TOURS Rambler Enthusiastic 18 Point 9 A $155 19 a $170 $3 25 MYSTERIOUS PERSONS Automobile Establishment American Type Founders Company 14 Point 13 A $140 26 a $165 $3 05 REMEMBERS HEROES Soldiers Receive Medals 12 Point 16 A $135 31 a $145 $2 80 PUBLIC EXHIBITION OPEN Machinery Display Complete 10 Point 17 A $1 20 34 a $1 30 $2 50 COMBINE REVEALS METHOD Third Reading Delayed Reports 8 Point 20 A $105 42 a $125 $2 30 REGAINS OPERATIC PERFORMANCE Director Promotes Enterprising Singer Returning Chorus Tendered Reception 6 Point 22 A $0 95 44 a $105 $2 00 EDUCATORS DEMAND REFORM MEASURE Philanthropist Endows Mondrosea University Faculty Accepts Design For College Buildings 804 SOLD IN WEIGHT FONTS AT BODY TYPE PRICES AND DISCOUNTS MONOTONE TITLE 36 Point No. 14 6 A $3 75 HONEST MINER 30 Point No. 13 7 A $3 00 ENSIGN RECEIVED 24 Point No. 12 8 A $2 50 BRONZING MACHINES 24 Point No. 11 9 A $2 50 DESIGNERS GRADUATING 18 Point No. 10 11 A $2 00 RENOMINATED PUBLISHERS 18 Point No. 9 13 A $2 00 DELIGHTED REPRESENTATIVES SELLING HOUSES RICHMOND CLEVELAND CINCINNATI CHICAGO KANSAS CITY DENVER PORTLAND SAN FRANCISCO VANCOUVER 12 Point No. 8 16 A $150 ENORMOUS EXPOSITION 12 Point No. 7 20 A $1 50 CONTENTED MUNICIPALITIES 12 Point No. 6 22 A $150 SOUTH AMERICAN RESERVATIONS 12 Point No. 5 26 A $150 EXCELLENT EDUCATIONAL ADVANTAGES 6 Point No. 4 20 A $1 00 RECREATIVE MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS ENTICE COSMOPOLITAN THRONG FROM SUMMER TOIL 6 Point No. 3 27 A $100 WONDERFUL LANDSCAPE SCENERY ENJOYED DURING RECENT SUCCESSFUL AERONAUTICAL EXPERIMENTS 6 Point No. 2 32 A: $1 00 FAMOUS NORTHWESTERN EXPLORING ENGINEERS RELATING THE BENEFICIAL POSSIBILITIES AWAITING ENERGETIC EFFORT 6 Point No. 1 31 A $100 ANNOUNCEMENT MONOTONETITLE AND MONOTONE GOTHIC ARE HERE PRESENTED AS THE LATEST AND BEST IN GOTHIC FACES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TICKETS, INVITATIONS, BUSINESS STATIONERY, ANNOUNCEMENTS AND OTHER EVERY DAY PRINTING CHASTE LETTERS AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS COMPANY 805 Reliable Printers* Rollers Sam’l Bingham’s Son Mlg. Co. CHICAGO FACTORIES 195=207 South Canal Street PITTSBURG First Avenue and Ross Street ST. LOUIS 514 = 516 Clark Avenue KANSAS CITY 507=509 Broadway ATLANTA 52=54 So. Forsyth Street INDIANAPOLIS 151 = 153 Kentucky Avenue DALLAS 675 Elm Street MILWAUKEE 133 = 135 Michigan Street The Peerless Carbon Black Co., Ltd., Pittsburgh, Pa. B1NNEY & SMITH CO., Sole Selling Agents, 81-83 Fulton St., New York, N.Y. 63 Farringdon Street, London, E. C., England. 90 Rue Amelot, Paris, France. W. Kohnk, Kaufmannshaus 179, Hamburg, Germany. 807 FOR FULL INFORMATION ADDRESS T. W. & C. B. SHERIDAN CO. EXCLUSIVE SELLING AGENTS 56-58 Duane Street, New York 149 Franklin Street, Chicago OR Joseph E. Smyth, Manufacturer, 11 S. Jefferson St., Chicago ilational 52>ook Sewing Mtacfyirte » % _ _ A MACHINE TO SAVE YOU MONEY Straight Needles. Tight Sewing. Adjustable Stitches. Economical Takes work from 254 x 1 % inches up to 15 x 10% inches. RAPID - SIMPLE - DURABLE SAMPLES OF THE WORK OF THE NATIONAL SENT ON REQUEST %e QUEEN CITY PRINTING INK COMPANY^ • CINCINNATI • CHICAGO • BOSTON PHILADELPHIA -KANSAS CITY • MINNEAPOLIS- The Queen City Printing Ink Company A NEW LINOTYPE WAY - ELIMINATE CUTTING OF SLUGS AND INSERTING FIGURES - ; - BY HAND, AND SUBSEQUENT DISTRIBUTION, BY USING OUR Display Advertising Figures THESE POPULAR FACES ARE NOW READY 18-POINT DISPLAY FIGURES Century Bold Cheltenham Bold Condensed 1234567890., $c De Vinne 1 234567890., $c Century Bold Italic 1234567890., $c De Vinne Italic Gothic No. 16 1 234567890., $c ift 1 234567890., $c No. 16 1234567890., $c 1234567890., $c nham Bold Condensed Italic 1234567890., $c Cheltenham Bold 1234567890., $c nham Bold Italic 1234567890. , $c Post Old Style 1 254567890. , $c Winchell 1 234567890., $c Cheltenham Bold Italic Gothic Condensed No. 1 1234567890., $c Cheltenham Bold 1 234567890., $c nham Bold Italic 1234567890., $c 24-POINT DISPLAY FIGURES Century Bold Cheltenham Bold Italic 1234567890., $c De Vinne Italic 1234567890., $c 1234567890., $c 1 234567890., $c at to from at to from and for OTHER FACES IN PREPARATION 14-Point Display Fractions 1/4 1/3 1/2 2/3 3/4 18-Point Display Fractions '/4 1/3 l/Z 2/3 3/f 24-Point Display Fractions 1/4 1/3 1/2 2/3 3/4 These fractions can be used in conjunction with any of the faces of their respective bodie MERGENTHALER LINOTYPE COMPANY NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO NEW ORLEANS PARIS SYDNEY, 1 TORONTO: The Mergenthaler Co., Ltd. HAVANA: Francisco Arredondo WELLINGTON, /Vrariinn Co CAPE TOWN: John Haddon & Co - - MEXICO CITY: J 1 raamg STOCKHOLM: Akt. Bol. Gumaelius << Sill Border made up of three 6-point slugs — Nos. 69, 110, 111, and 112 being used. Follow the Path ° 18-Point Cheltenham Bold Advertising Figures— 5'/2-Point Slut "By Equipping Your Linotyp More of Your $3.50 523SSSSS > on Swiss and cambric cloth; \ eyelet, filet and copies of French handiwork, for shirt waists, etc. 18-Point Post OldpStyle Advertising Figures DREAMLAND— Where Old Coney’s Sands are Coolest. All new f C _ but the moon. Boats direct, IJC Quick-Change Model No. 4, . $3,600 (DOUBLE MAGAZINE) Quick-Change Model No. 5, . $3,150 (SINGLE MAGAZINE) EASY TERMS The 12- to 24-Poi Title No.o«nCModerniZed Figures) RAJAH SILK SUITS ™tsta360reto »Sce^s««S'r$25 All of j VALENCIENNES ZyZzr Face — 5-Point Slug ttlUS elimi COLONIAL SMALL ADVERTISEMENTS, SUCH AS AND QUICKLY SET ON ANY STANDAR ABOUT IT. ANY GOOD OPERATOR C ‘The Linotype Wa F Least Resistance at Small Expense to Set "Ad.” Work 24-Point DeVinne Advei $12 ures — 10-Point Slug C A Young Men’s • ' ' Suits. Several hundred in qualities that have been selling at $18 and $20. 24- Point Cheltenham Bold Italic Advertising Figures 10-Point Slug This is a model made especially for us, giving an imposing, mass¬ ive appearance ; value $40 ; price now . . rtising Figures— 6- Point Slug front elaborately trimmed ke, with tucked front trim collar finished $27 24-Point Roycroft Advertising Figures— 10-Point Slug STEAMER RUGS; a large variety of pretty designs and colorings, splendid values, at the special g* price of $6.75, $5.00, $4.50 and . 24-Point DeVinne Italic Advertising Figures— 10-Point Slug FANCY GERMAN BLANKET ROBES; large variety of pretty designs and colorings to choose from, d} y Worth $3.25; extra special at . «// 24-Point Cheltenham Bold Advertising Figures— 10-Point Slug BATH BRUSHES; pure white bristles, highest quality with detachable handles ; worth double our extra q special price of $1.98, $1.23, $1.12 and . * $1.39 Figures— 6-Point Slug on the North shore of EASY is one of the best home TERMS )w you can get away from the hot, sirably located, and still within half ra cost to you. Further particulars , Ryerson Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. : Slug ng Figun s are 38 inches long, •, semi-fitting back ; 14, 16 and/" •cimens, in¬ lay figures , e operation r from the e machine, ting ALL Any of the 10- to 14- Point Faces shown in our specimen book may be cast on a slug smaller than . the body specified ■ plain " $3.95 e No. 2— 5'/a-Poii A Musical Comedy, Music by Julian 'tci-4-t. Edwards, “The Motor Girl,” on June 12-Point Clarendon No. I— 5'/2-Point Slug MESSALINE DRESSES ifei Gowns of soft, shimmering Satin e 6-point slugs— Nos. 6 Complete Your Equipment WITH A NUERNBERGER-RETTIG TYPECASTER An Ideal Accessory to Any Newspaper or Job Plant The machine is built by the Universal Automatic Typecasting Machine Com¬ pany of Chicago. Its in¬ ventors have had twenty years’ practical experience as typefounders. Our own experts report it to be the best built and simplest typecaster on the market, and that its type is both solid and durable. •b 4' 4’ Molds for Compositype Matrices Linotype Matrices Easy to adjust, and as nearly automatic as any machine can possibly be. AVERAGE PRODUCTION 6-point. . . 4 lbs. per 8-point... 6 lbs. per 10-point... 8 lbs. per 12-point. . . 10 lbs. per 18-point. . . 12 lbs. per 24-point. . . 12 lbs. per 30-point. . . 14 lbs. per 36-point. . . 14 lbs. per Makes Foundry Type FROM 6- TO 36-POINT hour hour hour hour hour hour hour hour SOLD AND BACKED BY US Rand, McNally & Co. Chicago, III. We consider it a money maker and expect to order two more in the near future. Severinghaus & Beilfuss Chicago, III. We are perfectly satis¬ fied with machine and its product. The Henneberry Company Chicago, III. Meets all of our require¬ ments, being very simple in adjustment and turning out good solid type. Telegraph-Herald Dubuque, Iowa Makes type as good or even better than foundry type. Recent Installations Brooklyn Daily Eagle American Colortype Com¬ pany, Newark, N. J. *b 4? •b 200 Different Fonts Now Ready More Every Month Casts type EXACTLY AS THE FOUNDRIES MAKE IT — absolutely accurate, smooth, and solid — not the “good enough” kind. No other machine outside of typefoundries does this PRICE, $1,400 Additional Molds, each . . . . . $50 Matrices per set . . . $25 to $35 EASY TERMS Matrix Sets rented for 50c. per day ( time in transit not charged for). Molds rented for $1.00 per day, Quad and Space Molds 50c. per day. MERGENTHALRR LINOTYPE COMPANY TRIBUNE BUILDING, NEW YORK Chicago: 521 Wabash Ave. San Francisco.: 638 Sacramento St. New Orleans: 332 Camp St. Toronto: The Mergenthaler Co., Ltd., 35 Lombard St. nade up of three 6-point slugs — Nos. 69, 110, 111, and 112 being use Mr. Live Printer: There’s an opening in your town for a press that will fortify you against the indiscriminate price-cutter. You can go him one better and still make a FAT profit. The HARRIS AUTOMATIC OFFSET PRESS takes care of the situation. Satisfied users will testify to this fact. A postal will bring you information that will start a line of thought on profit-plucking. Drop us the postal. THE HARRIS AUTOMATIC PRESS CO. CHICAGO OFFICE factory NEW YORK OFFICE Manhattan Building NILES, OHIO 1579 Fulton U. P. IVL Vacuum Bronzing ^Machine RADICAL DEPARTURE FROM OLD METHODS Saves ‘Bronze Increases Product T>ecreases Cost The disagreeable feature of bronze dust about the pressroom successfully overcome. Demonstrates the practicability of short runs for an automatic feeder. The DOUBLE ELEVATOR supplies a means for making the second impression without loss of time. United Printing Machinery Co. 246 Summer Street, BOSTON 12-14 Spruce Street, NEW YORK WESTERN AGENTS (0) CANADIAN AGENTS Williams-Lloyd Machinery Co. Toronto Type Foundry Co., Ltd. 337 Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill. 70 York St., Toronto, Canada U. P. M. Continuous A Pile Feeder Has all the advantages of both Pile and Continuous Feeding Machines No Climbing : No Pledging No Stops for Loading 810 The Babcock Optimus The Babcock Optimus The “Plant of the Famous Harper Brothers,” New York, was written about in the April Printing Trade News. Of the many Optimus machines in use there Mr. John F. McCabe said: “The first presses we came to were printing the covers for the next issue of the Weekly — Babcocks. The superintendent, with the true love and the keen eye of a connoisseur in good printing, pointed out to his visitor the many tell¬ ing features of these presses, according to my notebook somewhat as follows: “It has a great delivery; see how easily and evenly it throws out the sheet. We turn out some very clever — yes, some very beautiful work on these presses. Take it altogether, it is a delightful press. We use the Babcock on the color work for the Weekly and the Bazaar, and they turn out the very finest kind of product, as a reference to those publications will show.” The Babcock Optimus 811 Indestructible Steel Electrotypes We are the originators and only producers in the world of “STEEL” electrotypes. Our steel is deposited directly on the mold. This process is protected by patents covering both the process and means of manufacture and operation. It is the result of ten years of ex¬ perimenting by the inventor who is president of this company. Of Unequalled Merit The millionth impression as good as the first or best. Guaranteed to be non-rusting and non-corrosive. Guaranteed to print from any and all colors of inks, making them perfectly adaptable for color-work. Will outwear from three to four sets of copper electros and also outwear any other electro ever produced. Our Special black-leading process by eliminating any necessity of friction permits the reproduction of the very finest half-tone detail. For extremely long runs they economize in make-ready, as one electro or one set of electros for color work will go through a run of a million. An invaluable proof of their unequalled merit lies in the fact that several concerns which have their own electrotyping plants are our patrons. Our “Heavy Shell” Steel electros for all classes of printing, embossing, stamping, etc., on all kinds of stock, leather, rubber, burlap bagging, wood and even metals have been tested for eight months by nearly three hundred customers and have in all instances given the very best results as can be certified to by affidavits. We are prepared and fully equipped to produce any and all kinds of “CURVED” plates. All the above applies to our “Heavy Shell ” Steel Electros With Two Plants in Operation We Can Give Service Never Before Equalled SPECIAL OFFER: We will make free of charge for any reliable printer in the United States a half-tone “steel” electro from any original be the screen ever so fine to prove that we can deliver and make good all our claims. Our Two-Cent Product For shorter runs and to take the place of copper or nickel electros We will deliver at TWO CENTS NET per square inch, “Thin Shell’’ Steel electros of flat, type, job, line work, etc. These “Thin Shell” Steel electros, with the exception of length-of-run capacity, possess all the merits of our higher- priced “Heavy Shell” Steel electros and we guarantee them also to outlast and be superior to any other electro on the market. For “CURVED” and “Half-Tone” electros prices proportionately higher. The Steel Electrotype Company Main Foundry and Offices, 304-310 E. 23rd St., New York City Brooklyn Foundry, 192 Woodbine St. Strathmore Talks [ No. 1 ] ^ You never yet have seen a cheap or flimflam article or proposition advertised by high-grade printed matter unless it was desired to create the impression of high grade. I| If you have something good you certainly can not afford to create an atmosphere of cheapness. It is hard enough to get people to believe you have something good without giving them an impression to the contrary. CJ There is nothing that will give a good or bad impression so surely as paper. It is, therefore, foolish and decidedly unnecessary to take any chances. II The “STRATHMORE QUALITY” papers are good and choice enough for the finest article or proposition, and not a bit too good for the more ordinary things. All shown in the “STRATHMORE QUALITY” books: Strathmore Japan Strathmore Deckle Edge Strathmore Deed Strathmore Parchment Old Stratford Book Old Stratford Parchment Cover Old Cloister Cover Rhododendron Cover and Folding Bristol MITTINEAGUE PAPER COMPANY MITTINEAGUE, MASS., U. S. A. The “STRATHMORE QUALITY” Mills An Invitation to Printers We want every printer in the United States to become better acquainted with Dennison, with Dennison Goods, with Dennison Methods. As a Printer you know that Dennison’s Tags are the World’s Standard, but do you know that at The Stores there are hundreds of other articles that Printers use and sell every day in the year? We extend a cordial invitation to every printer in the country to pay us a visit. Those doing business in cities where our stores are located or contiguous thereto will find a call mutually profitable. We want to convince you that not only are Dennison’s Tags the best the world affords, but that other goods that Dennison manufactures for Printers are equally high-grade and desirable. Visit us by all means — visit us as often as you can — we offer every facility at our command to help you make a good business better. Samples, information and prices on request 814 Rebuilt Linotypes Model 1, Two-letter Linotypes All worn parts replaced by new. Guaranteed to produce as good a slug as from a new machine. All machines sold with new matri¬ ces and new spacebands. ^ This is the only company that rebuilds Linotypes, that maintains a regular force of machinists and is equipped with up-to-date machinery. C[ We have an exclusive special license to use patented attachments in rebuilding Linotype machines. All parts used by us in rebuilding Lino¬ types are purchased from the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, and are made in the United States. Prompt delivery. Prices and terms on application. :: :: t][ If you want other model Linotypes, write us. We have completed special tools and attachments for the accurate repairing of Spacebands. Price for Repairing Spacebands, each 25 Cents WE GUARANTEE ALL OUR WORK. If you have a Linotype to sell j y^RITE US If you wish to buy a rebuilt Linotype ) Gutenberg Machine Company 545-547-549 Wabash Avenue, CHICAGO 815 EVERY TIME a business man makes the acquaintance of <£Iortbmorc Bond ( it has the crackle ) that paper makes a firm friend. Its success as a medium-priced, high-grade, satisfactory paper (with serviceability in every sheet and a wide range of colors and weights from which to choose) is due to the fact that it is better than anything we can say of it ! It proves more than we claim — for its good qualities have a way of surprising those who thought they knew them all ! (The samples we gladly send you will show why the sales are going up steadily.) The Whitaker Paper Company CINCINNATI, OHIO, and NASHVILLE, TENN. BAY STATE PAPER COMPANY BOSTON, MASS., and NEW YORK, N. Y. As the largest producers of Electrotype Plates in the world, with a business created entirely on quality and service, we claim for our electrotypes an exact duplication and a printing quality equal to the original, and for our nickeltypes an extra wearing quality for long runs and for color printing. “ The proof of the pudding is in the eating ” and the publisher and printer that appreciates quality is respectfully invited to test our service. We also make designs, drawings, half-tones, zinc etchings, wood- cuts and wax engravings, but — we do no printing. (; OUR PRICES are popular. If you are a buyer of Engravings' you should have our Scale of Prices, the most complete, comprehensive and consistent scale ever issued. With it on your desk, the necessity for correspondence is practically eliminated ) 816 LETTERPRESS AND LITHOGRAPHIC CINCINNATI • NEW YORK * CHICAGO * ST LOUIS BUFEALO • PHILADELPHIA • MINNEAPOLIS- SAN FRANCISCO TORONTO- HAVANA-CITY OF MEXICO -BUENOS AIRES -LONDON THE AULT & WIBOKG CO.’S DUPLEX. SEPIA. G. S. 831-14. r l The Battle of Competition demands of the printer that he must reckon accurately his cost of production, the saving of machinery, loss of time, and protec¬ tion to employees — items of peculiar and vital importance in weighing and approximating the cost of overhead or operating expense. If the printer would step in line for his portion of business, the competition of to-day means that his plant must be equipped with modern devices. Electrical Speed Control for Printing-presses The practical printer knows from actual experience that individual “motor driven” presses are the most economical, and that the use of individual motors for power means a reduction in his power bill. “The Kohler System” affords the printer a thoroughly dependable Multiple Push¬ button control; can be operated from any part or position of a printing-press. Study “The Kohler System” It is not complicated, nor is it expensive. It is a modern means of placing the operator in full control of his press ; no matter what type of machinery you are operating or what your requirements are, “The Kohler System” will increase your output. Let us send you complete information, so that you may study its application to your needs. Remember, “The Kohler System” will meet the most exacting demands of every known form of machine which requires precise , accurate , instant and infallible control. Tell us the kind of machinery you use, its make, size, and the voltage of your power circuit, and we will send bulletins describing how we operate it. KOHLER BROTHERS CHICAGO Main Offices, 2 77 Dearborn St. NEW YORK OFFICE LONDON OFFICE 1 Madison Avenue 56 Luddate Hill, E.C. 6-2 817 LET US WORK WITH YOU And when we say this here we mean it literally . Our thirty-two (32) salesmen and travelling erect¬ ors are experts, trained by years of study and experience, in every way fully competent to confer and advise regarding your needs in Folding, Feeding, and Cutting Machinery. 1 OUR SERVICE does not end with the advice given before the sale. It gives a full instruction in the use of each machine and follows that up by a continuous after service which inspects, instructs, and suggests regarding the care of and best results from each machine. DEXTER FOLDER CO. New York Chicago Boston Buffalo San Francisco Southern Agents Dodson Printers Supply Company, Atlanta, Ga. * FOLDERS 72 sizes and 24 types, with an endless variety of attachments. A size and type for every variety of work. Your needs are completely met in this com¬ plete line. Popular sizes and styles carried in stock for quick shipment. FEEDERS For Presses, Folders, Ruling Machines, Sheet Feed Rotaries and Offset Presses. Types : Dexter Pile and Cross Continu¬ ous. We meet every known condition in automatic feeding. CUTTERS Automatic Clamp Cutters for every use in the printing office, bindery, paper dealers, paper box manufacturing and allied uses. Our guarantee of complete satisfaction is the same on Cutters as on our other machines. DEXTER FOLDER CO. New York Chicago Boston Buffalo San Francisco Southern Agents Dodson Printers Supply Company, Atlanta, Ga. bEall! feSS The Seyhold 20th Century CJ The machine that will do ABSOLUTELY PERFECT work. ^ The machine that positively CAN NOT repeat. ^ The machine built for fast, heavy cutting. ^ The standard by which other cutting machines are judged. | | 1 Tl H i I i i i I I j I : | i ' , I I , 1 W"** f°r Descriptive Circulars and Prices. | . ■ ! I ! j i j |l ■ , . ' ^ | i j j || i ! 1 j j [ 1 [ | [ THE SEYBOLD MACHINE COMPANY Main Office and Factory, DAYTON, OHIO NEW YORK :: CHICAGO :: SAN FRANCISCO The J. L. Morrison Co. F. A. Venney & Co. Canada Agents Southwestern and Mexican Agents Toronto Dallas, Texas J. H. SCHROETER & Bro. Southern Agents Atlanta, Georgia Toronto Type Foundry Co., Ltd. Winnipeg, Manitoba Electric Drive Type D Motor geared to Cottrell Press. Electric Motor Equipments for Printing Presses and allied machines have been a special study with us, and we are able to give valuable and correct speci¬ fications necessary to drive all classes of machines economically. Our Bulletin No. 2,294 contains a very large list of plants we have thus equipped. Send for a copy — it will interest you. SPRAGUE ELECTRIC COMPANY 527-531 West Thirty-fourth St., CITY OF NEW YORK BRANCH OFFICES IN PRINCIPAL CITIES The “Reliance” THE INDISPENSABLE PROOF PRESS P hoto-Engravers is an exceptionally well made, strong, powerful and rigid press, designed to meet the Wants of engrav¬ ers in proof taking, and is beyond com¬ parison with any other hand press ever built, in the impor¬ tant points men¬ tioned above. The excellent proofs resulting and the great amount of time saved by its use, make this press an indispensable factor of the Photo-Engraver’s plant. SEVEN SIZES MANUFACTURED AND SOLD BY Paul Shniedewend k Co. cmcVo^Ts.t WILLIAMS-LLOYD MACHINERY CO., 337 Dearborn St., Chicago GEO. RUSSELL REED CO. - - San Francisco and Seattle KLIMSCH & CO. . Frankfurt a. M., Germany A. W. PENROSE & CO. ----- London, E. C., England In addition to the well-known line of Monitor Bookbinders’ Machinery we manufacture a complete line of Latham’s Monitor Box Wire Stitchers There is Economy in Buying the Best The perfect mechanical features and adjustments combine a Rapid, Noise¬ less, Economical and Simple machine. Several hundred in use in the most up-to-date Paper-box Factories in the country. Twelve sizes and styles, for corner stay or flat stitch. Range of work from the smallest wire-stitched box to the sixty-inch shipping case. Descriptive circulars and prices on application. Manufactured in Chicago by LATHAM MACHINERY CO., soJl^sU Chicago, Ill. BOSTON, MASS. — 220 Devonshire Street NEW YORK— 8 Reade Street 821 When you have been sufficiently misled y by buying imitations of our product, drop us a line. Established 27 years ago. Made by Brown Folding Machine Company ERIE, PA., U. S. A. New York Agencies Chicago Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. Chas. A. Sturtevant & Co. 38 Park Row London, W. C., J. Collis & Sons, 355 Dearborn Street 42 Regent Square, Gray’s Inn Road 822 R. HOE & CO.’S ROTARY OFFSET PRESS R. HOE & CO. 504-520 Grand St., NEW YORK RELIABLE Made for Hand or Automatic Feed WE are now prepared to make prompt deliveries ot this press, which embodies not only the results of extensive experiments, but our long experience in the manufacture of printing machinery of various kinds. Constructed in the most substantial and symmetrical manner throughout, from the highest grade of materials, it stands in the same relation to other presses for this class of work as our regular Lithographic Presses do to other machines for printing from stone. C, It is simple and convenient (the mechanism being all on the outside, in reach of the operator), and when put to work on a job that requires accurate register, good impression and highspeed, will not be found wanting. Do not invest in an Offset Tress until you have seen this machine. SPEEDY CONVENIENT Shown in this illustration weighs 700 pounds. The length of the rolls will vary between miles and 4 miles. It takes these rolls of paper between a half-hour and an hour to go through one of our presses. The weight of an average edition of The Ladies’ Home Journal is in excess of a million and a half pounds. Our annual expense, just for white paper, for both our publications is about a million and a quarter dollars. If you will ponder these figures a little, you will realize how enormous are the circulations of The Ladies’ Home Journal and The Saturday Evening Post. These circulations have been reached, we are willing to believe, by cooperation of two busi¬ ness forces. One of these forces is the quality of our magazines them¬ selves. We attempt — and, most people grant, successfully — to make our magazines the best of theirkind. But; even beyond that, we try by consistent advertising to show people that they are the best. It isn’ t enough to make good goods; you must persuade the buyer, so that he, too, believes in your goods; and some¬ times a word of persuasion counts more than a few decimal points of quality. A good product, and then good advertising, hitched abreast — this team wins. You can drive such a team yourself. THE CURTIS PUBLISHING COMPANY PHILADELPHIA 824 C. B. Cottrell & Sons Co. Flat Delivery Rotary Press THE Ladies Home Journal is printed on these Cottrell Rotary Presses, which are an important factor in making the “ magazines the best of their kind ” ( see opposite page ). The Curtis Publishing Company will have nothing but the best possible quality of output, and know how to get it. They are using forty-three (43) Cottrell rotary presses, and have orders in the factory for fifteen more — twelve four-color rotaries, and three double two- color rotaries. What are YOUR requirements ? We were the first to adapt the rotary principle to fine work, and our twenty years of experience in building such presses is at your service. Flat delivery, or folded into signatures — one color or more — pasted or plain — all we want to know is what vou need. C B. COTTRLLL & SONS CO. 41 PARK ROW, NEW YORK 279 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO Works : WESTERLY, R. I. 825 E. C. FULLER COMPANY Fisher Building 28 Reade STREET Works CHICAGO NEWYORK new haven, conn. Fuller Folders and Feeders FULLER COMBINATION JOBBING FOLDER Handles sheets from 12 inches by 16 inches to 38 inches by 50 inches in any weight of paper without wrinkling or buckling. Folds and delivers 8, 12, 16, 24 and 32 pages. Book or Periodical Imposition. Also long 16’s, 24’s and 32’s two or more “on.” FULLER AUTOMATIC FEEDER FOR PRINTING PRESS We guarantee an increase in production of ten to twenty-five per cent over hand feeding, absolutely perfect register and a saving in wastage of paper. We make Automatic Feeders for all kinds of machines designed to handle paper in sheets. THOUSANDS IN SUCCESSFUL OPERATION. 826 I ■ ! Auto-Clamp $450 to $600 GOLDING Power $240 to $440 UNEQUALED IN Design, Construction, Ease and Speed of Operation The GOLDING PAPER CUTTERS combine the perfection of forty years’ experience in the manufacture of Printing and Cutting Machinery Golding Mfg. Co. [Established 1869] Franklin, Mass. Lever $140 to $175 CUTTERS lllllllllllllllll Pearl $40 to $77 BRONZING MACHINES FOR LITHOGRAPHERS AND PRINTERS GUARANTEED IN EVERY RESPECT pers — none genuine - - — - — :“irmark ROBERT MAYER & CO. 19 EAST 2 1ST STREET, NEW YORK Factory - Hoboken, N.J. San Francisco Chicago Office — Monon Bldg., 324 Dearborn St. We do Repairing /YTHER specialties I S manufactured and U imported by us: Reducing Machines, Stone- grinding Machines, Ruling Machines, Parks’ Renowned Litho. Hand Presses, Steel Rules and Straight-edges, Lithographic Inks, Lithographic Stones and Supplies. Bronze Powders <1 Sole Agents for the United States and Can¬ ada for the genuine ColumbiaTransfer Pa- Patented April 5, Patented May 30, 1905 Patented April 7, 1906 Other patents pending. 827 ROTARY CARD CUTTERS For cutting high-grade cards in quantities at a minimum cost. Index Cards Record Cards Visiting Cards Business Cards Cut so uniform that a pack of cards has the appearance of a solid block. The product from each set of knives collated by adjustable receiving boxes. Machines from 36 to 144 inches wide. For cutting small lots of cards, we build Hand Shears and Card Choppers specially designed for accurate work. Chas. Beck Paper Company, Limited PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 828 LEST YOU FORGET- Here are the WORONOCO BOOKS again. tj They are now being distributed, and we hope we have all responsible printers, publishers, advertising agencies, designers, etc., on our list; still, no doubt, there are some among the missing. When we find an address the books are going, but what’s the use of waiting to see whether we find you. Write in and let us know you are doing business at the same old ---or some new— stand. CJ The books are the kind you like to show customers; they will help you to find out what they want ; give them and you ideas. The papers are the kind you like to use, for they are not only practical, but they make a job look as though it had some attention, was meant for business and not “bally rot,” as the Englishman would say. WORONOCO PAPER CO. WORONOCO, MASS., U. S. A. 829 THE PEERLESS PERFORATOR v«c? y«Amr^r^ / s MANUFAcTluft£D ' ^v^V|r]ui4 aobuWT'5 ?0S‘ ' IT is distinguished for the rapidity and perfection of its work, makes a clean and thorough perforation at a high rate of speed, and is adjustable to a wide range in the thickness of the stock it will perforate. SELLING AGENTS E. C. FULLER CO . New York, N. Y. GANE BROS. & CO . Chicago, III. T.W.&C.B. SHERIDAN . . . . Chicago, III. THE J. L. MORRISON CO. . . . Toronto, Ont. T.W.&C. B. SHERIDAN . . . . London, Eng. S. KOCHANSKI . Berlin, Germany MIDDOWS BROS . Sydney, N. S.W. JOHN DICKINSON & CO., Cape Town, S. Africa Manufactured by A.G.BURTON’S SON 155 to 159 South Clinton Street CHICAGO, ILL., U.S.A. E. C. FULLER CO., I c ~ 28 Reade St., New York f bole tastern THE J. L. MORRISON CO., Sole Agents for Agents Canada JOHN DICKINSON & CO., Agents for South Africa and India GALLY IMPROVED UNIVERSAL PRESSES 17x25 inside chase. The largest Platen Printing- Press in the World. Half Medium, Half Super Roy Super Royal Nc Sold by all reputable dealers in the world Send for Catalogue or ask nearest Dealer 4 Styles Printing Presses — 5 Combinations 3 Styles Embossing Presses Stamping Press 30 x 44 inside chase. The Largest in the World. THE NATIONAL MACHINE CO., 111-135 Sheldon Street, Hartford, Conn., U.S.A. SOLE MANUFACTURERS *V^cro-^vouv^.. >\^crg-^vo\u\^., \ ft o \\)\vcro-^v'ovIvv^. 1 ? e o 1SP\ h 3 o ; e o t 7 k f, ? * *P| c M 8P ST5j k h ANOTHER ENDORSEMENT OF HAMILTON’SiSS COMPOSING-ROOM FURNITURE A VALUABLE LINE GAUGE, graduated by picas and nonpareils, mailed free to every inquiring printer. concerned, but sentimentally it is of the utmost interest to every printing-office proprietor. A study of the equipment in this office will show the difference between the appliances of that early date as compared with those now in use. Naturally the contrast is forcibly impressed upon the practical printer’s mind, but this difference has been a matter of slow process. The evolution has been gradual, and there are thousands of composing-rooms still in the intermediate state of the change, not only in Europe, but throughout the United States and all North and South America. With an office equipped with old-fashioned furniture, we can accomplish a saving in floor space of from 25 per cent to 50 per cent, and in labor from 5 per cent to 20 per cent. It's up to us to show you how this can be accomplished. Fill out the attached coupon, mail it to us and we will have our representative show you what can be done toward modernizing your composing-room. Don’t build an addi¬ tion — don’t spread over the earth, but do more business wi the same quarters at a less cost. Let us send you a copy of “ Composing-room Economy." Results accomplished in a representative Iowa printing plant ■ah. Iowa, August 7, 1909. *ly. a,Wehave been THE HAMILTON MFG. CO. Main Office and Factories . . TWO RIVERS, WIS. Eastern Office and Warehouse . . RAHWAY, N. J. ALL PROMINENT DEALERS SELL HAMILTON GOODS There are printing-offices in Amsterdam, Holland, dating back closely to Gutenberg’s time in the latter part of the fourteenth century. In some of these offices the original furniture as first installed is still in place, worn and weathered by the ravages of time, and the wear and tear incident to its long- continued use. * The most conspicuous example of these old-time printing plants has been converted into a museum now owned by the government, and it is a place of interest to printers who visit Amsterdam and who come from all quarters of the globe. This is still a valuable printing-office plant, not from an economical standpoint so far as actual printing is The furniture of twenty years ago is now antiquated, out of date, and such an equipment is not economical. The printing plants that have been modernized are the money-makers of to-day. The competition is of the present, not of the past, and it can not be met successfully with other than present-day equipment. This fact is so obvious that it needs no further elaboration. We are continually modernizing printing plants — that's our business. We are going to keep everlastingly at it. Perhaps to-morrow we will reequip the composing-room of your most intimate competitor. Wouldn’t you rather lead than follow the lead of your competitor? 832 HE fact that we produce more cylin¬ der and job- press rollers for Chicago printing in¬ dustries than do all other roller-makers combined, is evidence of our ability to serve a discriminating demand with best rollers at all seasons and at the right price. The Buckie Printers’ Roller Co. Chicago St. Paul Detroit Largest Manufacturers ; of BOXBOARD in the World •“411 The use of United Products The Only Way United Boxboard Company General Offices , 200 Fifth Ave., New York CLAY COATED LITHOGRAPH BLANKS AND BOXBOARDS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION THOMSON JUTE, STRAWBOARD, NEWSBOARD, BINDERS’ BOARD, ICE-CREAM AND OYSTER-PAIL BOARDS LOCKPORT PATENT COATED, TAG AND DOCUMENT MANILAS Co. - 14/ Wooster St., New Yoik City Queen City Paper Co. - - 420 W. Fourth St.,’ Cincinnati, Ohio >ard Co., - 6 Sherman St., Chicago, Ill. St. Louis Boxboard Co. - 112 N. Fourth St., St. Louis, Mo. United Boxboard Co., 32 N. St. Paul St , Rochester, N. Y. m 1 For Fine Work In addition to its high speed and easy running qualities, the CHALLENGE-GORDON has the thorough ink distribution and minute register essential in handling high-grade work. The big, noiseless, one-piece ink disc makes nearly one-fourth turn at each impression. The accurately milled cam and perfectly fit¬ ting parts are an insurance of fine working quality. Send for our handsome new folder on Challenge-Gordons. Manufactured by The Challenge Machinery Co. Grand Haven, Mich., U. S. A. 834 All the Type You Want for Two Dollars a Font WITH the introduction of our New Model Typecasting Machine, we offer a plan whereby the printer may procure all of his type — from 5 to 48 point — at a cost of but $2 per font. Thompson Typecasters have been in successful commercial use by some of the largest printing houses in the United States as well as some of the smaller ones for more than a year. It is the only typecaster which uses every make of matrix — Linotype, Mono¬ type, Compositype and Our Own Make . Costs less to install, less to operate, and gives best results. Write for Literature and Sample Type Thompson Type Machine Company 120-130 Sherman St., Chicago. What Better Evidence Do You Need? €[f Printers can not be blamed for not taking hold of the new things, all claiming to be the best; but when devices of merit, that have stood the test, are offered, then an investigation should be made. Suppose you digest the test made by the Binner-Wells Co., Chicago, and note what they say:- “We have used your Reg¬ ister Hooks and Bases for a number of years with the most grati¬ fying results. The fact that we continue to order them ought to be sufficient proof that we con¬ sider them the best to be had.” The Rouse System of Hooks means a wonderful curtailment of time — a money- saver to the printer. Years of practical manufacturing of the Rouse Register Hooks eliminate any question of newness , but supply the printer with a perfect time-saving lock-up system at a nominal cost . Beware of infringements; investigate first the original Rouse Register Hook. MADE ONLY BY — — - - - - - - - - - - r. H. B. ROUSE & COMPANY Originators of Point -System Bases 61-63 Ward Street CHICAGO For the Printer who has Long Runs THE SCOTT LINE OF PRINTING-PRESSES is particularly complete for the production of large contracts, and embraces every known form of machine. Our Sheet-feed Rotary Two-revolution Press advertised last month is the simplest form of Rotary intended for medium-length runs of good work, or long runs of the finest quality of half-tone and color printing. THE FAMOUS SCOTT ALL-SIZE ROTARIES are made in three sizes and in several styles, with and without All-Size Rotary Folders. These machines are especially desirable for the job-printer who has several different sizes of sheets, and who may be called upon to produce other sizes. Their range is prac¬ tically unlimited. More than thirty are in successful operation in this country alone. m SCOTT ROTARY MAGAZINE PRESSES are built in many styles and to fill any requirements. They are made 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 pages wide, feed from any number of rolls, print any number of colors, produce any number of pages, feed in covers and insert sheets, and deliver the products in signatures, or the entire magazine assembled, covered and pasted, or wire-stitched. Patented Automatic Oiling and Roll Tyirman devices are arranged so that either or both may be used, as desired. Finest quality of work guaranteed. “ Tell us your requirements — we have the Press 99 No matter what your problem is, write us fully about it, send us samples of what you want to do, and our experience is at your command. All inquiries are treated strictly confidential and there is no charge for our services. New York Office 41 Park Row - DAVID J. SCOTT, General Manager - MAIN OFFICE AND FACTORY Chicago Office Monadnock Block PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A. Cable Address — “ WALTSCOTT,” New York. Codes used- A-B-C (5th Ed.) and our ov 837 - “FOOL PROOF” - The above picture is not a representation of the type of machine designated by our caption, so frequently used, with apparent exaltation, by certain constructors, who deserve to have a similar kind of clients. The man behind the tympan, he who realizes the highest attainable results from a refined tool, must possess manual dexterity and mental acumen. A fool-proof mechanism to that kind of an artisan neither requires nor incites the exercise of his intelligence : one had better swing a sledge. A sand-glass and a chronometer will each mark time, but — ! JOHN THOMSON PRESS COMPANY Printing and Embossing Press Manufacturers 838 THE RELIABLE BROWN & CARVER CUTTERS For Paper, Lithographs, Books, Boxes, Board, Cloths, Tin Foil, Leather, etc. The Oswego : The Brown & Carver : The Ontario Oswego Bench With new, easy balanced lever. Two sizes, 16 and 19 inches, and 19 inches on stand. DO YOU KNOW THAT AT OSWEGO there is an organization of experts who think of nothing else but cutting machines; who, with the advantage of over a third of a century’s experi¬ ence, are devoting their entire energies to the problem of cutting accurately and with the least expenditure for power, and within the minimum floor space, any kind of material or manufacture? To do this there are NINETY different sizes and styles of OSWEGO Cutters, each one with several improvements on no other, and one of these NINETY OSWEGO Cutters has features exactly adapted to your special needs. A constant study of the latest demands of the trade, not only in the United States but also in Europe, and the immediate adoption of any feature that increases the efficiency of these cutters insure your always having the advantage of the latest practices and the latest improvements whenever you buy a BROWN & CARVER or OSWEGO Cutter. Starting with the 16-inch OSWEGO Bench Cutter and going up to an 84-inch Automatic Clamp Cutter, these machines are made Automatic Clamp, Semi-Auto Clamp, Hand Clamp, Small Power, Hand-Wheel Drive, Hand Lever, Bench Lever and Die-Cutting Presses, with many special production-increasing attachments, and are all generally in finished stock ready. OSWEGO MACHINE WORKS NIEL GRAY. JR.. Proprietor OSWEGO . . . NEW YORK NEW YORK BRANCH. 150 Nassau Street CHICAGO BRANCH. 347 Dearborn Street WALTER S. TIMMIS, Manager J. M. IVES, Manager The only factory making Cutting Machines exclusively, and the only one making a complete line of Cutting Machines. GET IN TOUCH WITH US — YOU WILL BE GLAD OF IT. The 1909 Catalogue is a little different. 839 THE PAY-ROLL PAYS FOR Cftc jfalcon Automata platen Stress Will automatically feed, print and de¬ liver any weight of stock from onion¬ skin to cardboard. Feeds from the top of the pile. Speed, 3,500 per hour. Prints from flat forms. No expert required. Absolute register. Some of the Users Ashby Printing Co. . . Erie, Pa. Wilbert Garrison Co. , New York Braceland Bros. . . Philadelphia Baker -Vawter Co., Benton Harbor Longaker, Prentice Co., Philadelphia Chamberlain Medicine Co.., Des Moines United Drug Co . Boston E. Rugg & Co . Winnipeg Geo. Rice & Sons . Los Angeles Kingsley, Moles & Collins Co. , Los Angeles Speaker-Hines Printing Co., Detroit Frank Pickup . New York G. W. Engler . . Mount Vernon Size, inside chase, 18% x 12L inches. Clir express Jfalcon Spiaten Jhtss This press with Automatic Envelope Feed and Delivery is the fastest and most economical press for printing envelopes that has yet been produced. Speed, 4,500 envelopes per hour. The Automatic Envelope Feed Attachment can be removed and the Hand-feed Board substituted in five minutes, when flat sheets can be fed at the speed of 3,000 to 3,500 per hour. FURTHER particulars on application to ftuto JFalton & W&itt Btr $fress Company Htnuteli OFFICES AND SHOWROOMS Rand-McNally Building, 160 Adams Street, Chicago The Waite Die and Plate Press Inks, Wipes and Prints at One Operation. Used by the leading Die Press Printers all over the world Does Heavy Embossing or Prints from the finest line- engraved plates at the same speed. 1,500 to 2,000 perfect impressions per hour. The only Die Press on the market that will give a hairline register. The “Waite” saves its extra cost over ordinary die presses many times a year. The Wiper on the “Waite” is absolutely perfect, its curved surface and the compound movement imparted to it while in contact with the die, not only effect a more thorough wiping and produce a higher grade of work, and with less wear to the die than is possible on any other die press, but this is done with the use of a 40-lb. wiping paper, whereas other die presses do not use less than 60-lb.; just 50 per cent heavier. Built in three sizes — 3x2 inches, 5x3 inches, 8x4 inches. SAMPLES OF WORK AND FULL PARTICULARS ON APPLICATION Auto Falcon & Waite Die Press Company, Ltd. (Successors to American Falcon Printing Press Co.) OFFICES AND SHOWROOMS Rand-McNally Building* 160 Adams Street, Chicago Factory at Dover. N. H. Western Selling Agent Pacific Coast Selling Agent D. H. Champlin, Rand-McNally Building, Chicago Geo. Rice, Jr., 350 Los Angeles St., Los Angeles, Cal. Eastern Selling Agent : S. P. Palmer, 346 Broadway, New York City Copyright, 1909, by The Inland Printer Company. Entered as second-class matter, June 25, 1885, at the Postoffice at Chicago, Illinois, under Act of March 3, 1879. THE LEADING TRADE JOURNAL OF THE WORLD IN THE PRINTING AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES. Vol. XLIII. No. 6. SEPTEMBER, 1909. foreign, Canada, $3.60 per year. PERSONALITIES IN THE PRINTING TRADES. BY A. H. MCQU1LKIN. NO. V. — GEORGE L. ALEXANDER. MAN from Calgary said, the other day, “ Do you know George Alexander?” Being assured in the affirmative, he offered the unnecessary in¬ formation, “ He is a prince ! ” Just why George L. Alexan¬ der is a prince would take a good many stickfuls of solid matter to define. Besides, Bill Langton says so, too, and that goes. Bill is all right. Bill can take Kanakas and make fine color-printers out of them, for Bill knows all about printing and can work its princi¬ ples and theories and practices into the system of anything animate that comes under his supervision. George L. Alexander manages the American Type Founders Company’s interests in San Francisco. When he goes after anything it becomes the object of his existence. He has an exaggerated power of concentration and is unable to forget. He is also hospitable. But that is no eccentricity in San Francisco. When you land in San Francisco you are treated as one who is rescued from the terrors of drouth and starvation. The course of treatment is agreeable and continuous, but, to a man accus¬ tomed to sleep sometimes, it is occasionally puz¬ zling. Just at this time of writing, August 4, but dating back to 1865, George L. Alexander appeared upon the scene at Wareham, Massachusetts. His father was a Methodist minister, George S. Alex¬ ander. After the manner of Methodist ministers of early days, and of some of them of later days, he moved about the country a great deal, and the early remembrances of life of the “ prince ” were of the plains section, as he was carted to Nebraska City, Nebraska, in 1868, where his father had gone to grow up with the West and convert the Indians. Young George had opportunity to gather expe¬ rience in various towns and cities as the family moved from place to place, Nebraska City, Peru, Lincoln, etc. Then the great change came that makes life for a time seem strange and unreal. His mother died. The housekeeping was broken up and the family moved to Illinois. In Illinois George attended school in winter and worked on a farm in summer. So, both body and mind were wholesomely developed. Then, after four years, the father’s health failing, a move was- made back to Nebraska. Settlement was made at Syracuse, where the elder Alexander purchased a small coun¬ try newspaper, the Syracuse Journal. The first experience in the printing art, however, was acquired by young George at Homer, Nebraska, where, on Friday afternoons, he was employed in running a hand roller over the forms of a Wash¬ ington hand press, while the editor did the heavy work. After his father bought the Syracuse Journal , young George went into the office as an apprentice, working there two or three years. Then, with the view of getting more experience as a printer, he went to Buffalo, New York, in 1885. Here he worked in the job department of the Buffalo Times for about eight months. He then returned to Nebraska and attended the Methodist College, in York, working at the case in the York Times’ office to pay his way through school. He stayed in the school until that institution was moved to Lincoln, and then attended to the local writing and outside 842 THE INLAND PRINTER work of the York Times, which was at that time established as a small country daily paper. About this time the Times branched out in the ready-print business, by printing half-sheets for a few of the small papers in the surrounding towns. This work gradually increased and enlarged until the Times published a list of about one hundred papers, practically all of which George L. secured by traveling through the State of Nebraska. This list of ready-prints was finally so firmly estab¬ lished that the Western Newspaper Union and the A. N. Kellogg Company Union quit fighting the Nebraska Newspaper Union, as the Times ready- print concern was called, and took them into the fold. Upon the comple¬ tion of this arrangement Alexander made a con¬ tract for one year with the Western Newspaper Union, traveling over the State of Texas for the Dallas Newspaper Union, where they were having a fight with Palmer & Rey, of San Francisco, the latter concern having established a ready-print business in Galveston and San Antonio. Alex¬ ander’s business in Texas was to get contracts for such papers as were taken away from the Western Newspaper Union, in which work he was employed for about three months, when Pal¬ mer & Rey sold out to the Western Newspaper Union. Then Mr. Palmer offered Alexander a posi¬ tion to travel for Palmer & Rey on the Pacific coast. Alexander secured a release from his con¬ tract with the Western Newspaper Union and took the position in California in 1889, traveling for Palmer & Rey and covering the entire Pacific coast, until that concern sold out to the American Type Founders Company in 1892. He continued with the latter company as traveler, covering the Pacific coast from San Diego to Vancouver, until 1896, when the American Type Founders Com¬ pany established him in Los Angeles, in care of a small stock under the charge of the San Francisco house. In October, 1898, he was sent to take charge of the company’s branch in Portland, Oregon, where he remained about fifteen months. In January, 1899, he was married to Miss Mabel Cobb, of York, Nebraska, an old schoolmate, and the following year was appointed manager of the American Type Founders Company branch at San Francisco. In reestablishing the printing- industry in San Francisco, after the fire, the American Type Founders Company took a most important part, and the printers of that city are indebted to the company to a degree unparalleled, so far as known, in any other industry or circum¬ stance. The judgment used in carrying out the liberal policy of the company under the unusual and trying circumstances of the earthquake and fire was a test of the rarest efficiency, and the enduring work that Alex¬ ander did at that time must always remain a personal gratification to him — work in which the element of human feel¬ ing entered so largely. Now, that the princi¬ ples which the writer of these notes has advocated are meeting acceptance, there is much criticism of the supply houses for the liberal policies they have at times followed in the giving of credits. The printer has seldom, through associations or in any other way, con¬ ferred with the supply houses in a friendly way for the protection of the trade. The printer has always wanted all the favorable terms he him¬ self can get, but objects to the other fellow hav¬ ing any consideration. When the printers can meet the supplymen and agree to make payments and to buy on terms that will be stiff enough to insure the trade against irresponsibles entering into the business, the business affairs of the print¬ ing trade will take a rosy complexion. To hark back to the liberal terms made at the time of the San Francisco fire, when everybody vied with everybody else to give aid and encouragement — who then criticized the liberal spirit that dictated the policy of the American Type Founders Com¬ pany and other supply houses ? If the tools of the trade had not been furnished, where would the trade have gone ? What of the thousands of work¬ men seeking employment, and no material to work with? Let the San Franciso printer blame whom he will, the remedy is in his own hand. THE INLAND PRINTER 843 ritten for The Inland Printer. SOME THOUGHTS FOR PROOFREADERS AND EMPLOYERS. &QR many years I have been writ¬ ing something every month having some special bearing on the work of proofreading. I have a habit of accounting for this continued ac¬ ceptance of my lucubrations by attributing it to abstention from perpetual faultfinding. Almost every printed mention of proofreading seems to be made for the one purpose of exploiting uncor- could not themselves do the work half as well as the unfortunate victims have done it. How many errors, and of what nature, a proofreader should be allowed to pass without losing his place is a relative question, to be determined by every employer individually. It is worth while to devote a separate para¬ graph to the remark that employers have often found themselves worse off because of having dis¬ charged a proofreader as incompetent, by reason of the fact that the successors of the discharged one are more incompetent. An incident of my own experience as proofreader on a morning newspaper may illustrate a kind of valuable wis- OLD-TIME PASTIMES. rected errors. And this time they are to be promi¬ nently the subject of part of my preachment, which may be properly introduced by the assertion that authors and editors make and pass errors quite as often as proofreaders do. But the authors and editors “ have the bulge ” on the mere readers, because they are not liable to the natural result for employees too often caught short — discharge. Many proofreaders are discharged by men who dom on the part of the composing-room foreman, who was my immediate employer. Having occasion once to censure me for leaving an error, he inci¬ dentally told me he had been ordered a dozen times to discharge me. Other foremen often have occa¬ sion to disregard such editorial orders, but the one with the nerve to do it is a rara avis. The reason in this case was that the proofreader in question got things done^so that the make-up had the type 844 THE INLAND PRINTER when he wanted it, and that kind of man was not at command in shoals, as they learned practically when he went “ higher up.” A little more confession may not be amiss. I am personally inclined toward lenity for proof¬ readers who fall short, up to a certain point, which point is indeterminate, so far as one person’s stating it for guidance of others is concerned. My reason for this is largely the knowledge of my own shortcomings. More than once I have seen sen¬ tences in print that I knew were just as I had written them, and yet did not say what I intended to say. Sometimes a little more thought on the part of the proofreaders, leading to a query at least, would have been helpful, and it would prob¬ ably have come from the best readers. A certain kind of error that has come often in proofs is not so readily excusable. Archbishop Trench has been often cited in my articles, and proofs sent to me, presumably after thorough correction in the printing-office, have almost always had French instead of Trench — too often for any possibility of its having been so in copy. The poorest work in proofreading is evidently done by revisers. There are two particularly plain reasons for this, both amenable to easy reform, but both probably of a kind that will pre¬ vent general reform. Here is where some exam¬ ples of inexcusable failure in correcting may be instanced, and they are of actual recent occur¬ rence, all happening within a few days, and typical of the work in which they were found, on author’s proofs signed by a reviser in the printing- office. The work contains a large biographical list, a very prominent part of which comprises the dates of birth and death. On a page-proof of this list, sent to the editors after they had already corrected it thoroughly in slips, within a space of two thou¬ sand ems, four dates were found with figures transposed, as, in one case, what was 1780 on the latest galley-proof appeared as 1870 in the page. In another part of the work a man was said to have held sovereignty of a country in the year 603, and to have died in 602 ; the date 602 was a print¬ er’s error, for the reprint copy said 603. The page said that one man was born in 1100 and died in 1880, where the galley-proof had 1800 as the birth-date, and in a line which any reviser should certainly have read carefully, because so much of it was changed. In one place the word philosopher had been written philos., to assure restriction to one line of space, and in the next line was the word navigator. On his first proof the editor added opher to philos. The compositor put the added letters in the wrong line, and the reviser did not correct it, so that the next proof sent to the editor actually had navigatoropher in it ! Of course this could have happened only through failure of the reviser to look at these lines at all. There’s a reason for this bad work (which — the bad work — is very common) , and it is an old one, and likely to continue. In fact, there are, as said above, more reasons than one. A saying peculiarly applicable to proofreaders is cited from Horace in the dictionaries, Vitiis nemo sine nascitur (translated, No one is born without faults). The best proofreader is sure occasionally to leave an error uncorrected. But good readers will not miss many errors like those mentioned, especially if working conditions are right. In the printing-office where this work was done two bad mistakes are made by the managers. It is assumed that revising can be properly done by anybody, whereas it should be done by expe¬ rienced and careful proofreaders. It is a great mistake to give revision work to copyholders, even when they have plenty of time allowed. But a worse mistake is made in the office spoken of, as in many others. Proofreaders are expected to handle a fixed amount of work— that is, an amount reckoned by the space it fills. Employers forget that, in work of minute detail, as that with many dates and unfamiliar words, an amount of work must be done in small space, in verifying all the details one by one, far more than equal to straight-ahead simple reading that fills much more space. This seems about enough to make employers and foremen think out natural results for them¬ selves and act accordingly. Many years’ expe¬ rience as reader and as foreman has thoroughly convinced the writer that evil conditions of man¬ agement, especially those mentioned, are far more frequent sources of bad work than incompetency of the proofreader. A really incompetent reader quickly shows his incompetency, no matter how favorable conditions may be. FROM THE BOTTOM UP. In the July World’s Work begins the autobiography of Alexander Irvine, who is now a lay preacher in one of the New York churches. Mr. Irvine is an Irish Socialist; he was born in a poor and ignorant family, enlisted in the army to learn to work, was “ converted,” and went about preaching his experience. Since coming to this country he has won a great reputation as a social thinker and as a stirring orator. “ I bounced into the alley one Sunday morning,” writes Mr. Irvine in his first chapter, “ whistling a Moody and Sankey hymn. “ ‘ Shut up ye’r mouth ! ’ said my father. “ ‘ It’s a hymn tune,’ I replied. “ ‘ I don’t care a damn ! ’ replied my father. ‘ It’s the Lord’s day, and if I hear you whistlin’ in it, I’ll whale the hell out o’ ye ! ’ “ That was his philosophy, and he lived it.” THE INLAND PRINTER 845 ten for The Inland Printer. “OLD BILL” GETS SENTIMENTAL. ijSHE weather was hot. There were a thousand and one rush jobs in the shop. Everything was at a high tension and men and boys alike drooped under the strain. There was a far-away look in every eye that seemed a mute plea for grass and trees, and running brooks. There was heat and the clamor of many machines, and motley smells. Small provocation brought a nasty snarl from men who ordinarily were of a kindly disposition. Things were not moving well in the print-shop. Every one watched the clock and the laggard hands had hardly reached five when everything was stopped. Some there were to whom the clock gave no relief — heads of departments mostly, who worried because they knew that to-morrow the burden must be taken up again, and it would be heavier because of the stop at five. While the first men at the sink were washing lip, “ Old Bill ” and Jimmy the feeder sat on a box of 25 by 38 enameled stock, too tired almost to care if they went home or not, and Jimmy said in that little piping old-man voice of his : “ Dis is a hell of a business ; we hustle all the time and we don’t never get done; always some guy is waitin’ for the next job and we have to slap that on, and then there’s another one in a hurry.” “ That,” said Bill, “ is one of the peculiar things about the printin’ business. A feller can get along without almost anything else except printin’, but let him decide some day that he wants a letter-head or a card printed and then it’s the crucial time of his life (whatever that is). He shuts down everything else that he has under way and haunts the print-shop until he gets it. “ He must have that job at a certain minute of a certain day or his young life is everlastingly blighted. He catches the boss when he’s going to dinner, and often rings him out of bed to ask if his job’s not yet done. Mostly it’s just curiosity, he wants to see how his name looks in print, or if he’s had it printed in black he wants to see how it looks in red. “ I don’t think I ever heard any one order a job of printin’ and say : ‘ There’s no hurry about this, a week or two will be all right,’ or ‘ I’m goin’ away for a month and will get it when I come back.’ Far be it from such. It don’t make any difference if he’s goin’ fishin’ or to a funeral, he must have the job to take with him. “ There’s two kinds of fellers who ought to be in the bug house : the quick-print-shop proprietor and the feller who must have his job to-day. They could put them in a cage, with a window between, where one could go up and ask, ‘ Is my letter-heads done yet?’ and the other could heart-brokenly say, ‘ No, not yet, but soon.’ They’d have the time of their life.” After Jimmy and Bill had contemplated this happy prospect for a while, Jimmy broke out again. “ I wish,” said he, “ I had a job where you don’t have to break your neck all the time, and it wasn’t so hot, and they wasn’t no presses to wash up.” “ Sure you do,” said Bill, “ but you can wish ’til you’re black in the face and always you’re in a print-shop with the same old hurry-up dope and the same old conditions almost as when I was a boy — forty years ago. You wouldn’t believe it, but you’ve got it a lot easier; you’re not near as bad off as we were then, when the work-day was ten hours long and you got up at half-past five in the morning and went home at six at night, and if you were unfortunately a small boy in a small print-shop you not only had to feed your press but you had to make it run with your feet. Most of the year you started for work in the dark, worked in places that never saw daylight, and you went home long after dark. “ Let me tell you a story : A long time ago, they was a big fire in Chicago and the whole bloody town burned down — nearly. After it had began to pick up again a little boy and his mother blew in there. They were poor as the famous turkey of Job, and there wasn’t a soul in that big city that cared if they fared well or ill. Mostly whoever they had dealings with made it as hard for them as possible. They had to hustle, and even to-day I feel sorry for that poor mother and the kid, who wasn’t old enough to understand what a serious problem was before the two of them. They tasted every bitter hardship that comes to the poor in a big city. The boy sold papers and blacked boots. The mother got sewing to do out of some sweat¬ shop where, if she worked sixteen hours a day, she might make $6 a week. And even to-day in Chicago there’s a raft of poor women doing the same thing under the same conditions. There’s charity a-plenty, but it never reaches the ones who need it most. Carnegie gives away libraries, Rockefeller gives twelve millions in a bunch for colleges, but the folks who need charity the most, they don’t have time to read; they seldom have enough to eat, and they never get anything they want until it’s too late to be of any use to them. “But I was going to tell you about just those two. After a while the little boy got a job as errand boy in a small print-shop on Clark street and worked three months for nothin’, and the fat- 846 THE INLAND PRINTER headed proprietor hadn’t sense to see that the boy was often hungry. After a while the boy hollered and got some little wages; he worked from day¬ light ’til dark and came back after dark and learned the many things that are to be learned in the small print-shop. In those days a boy had a chance at all of them. Often we took in a job, set it up, kicked it off, collected the money and applied it to our long overdue salary. “After a while the boy got another job with more money, and another one, and soon was mak¬ ing enough money so his mother and himself were not pinched all the time. He had a reputation for being steady and not afraid to work, and he pros¬ pered in a way. “ That’s about all the story, except that after a while the mother died and the little boy, who had grown up and was a man, realized for the first time, when he saw those poor old hands folded and still, that until then he had known no sorrow. “ I see you, Jimmy, almost as that little boy, starting out to go through many years of heart¬ breaking struggle. Y ou have, maybe, a mother who loves you as this mother loved her boy in the long ago — one who works and worries for you all the time. She cares for you every minute and, what¬ ever of happiness or grief comes to her, will be because of your success or failure. She will start you off well fed in the morning, and tuck you into bed at night. She will care for the wife you choose after a while, and be happy to nurse your children ; she will dig and scrape for you ; she will save and deny herself, that you may have more after she is gone, and she will die content if you are fairly decent and out of jail. “ Love her, son ! and don’t be stingy. There is one regret that every honest man takes through life, after his mother is gone, and that is that he didn’t do all he could for his old mother, who loved him with such a love as has no parallel in our old world. “ Don’t wait ’til your people are dead to open your heart; love them while you have a chance. “A large tombstone is almost always a sop to the conscience of some one who has failed in this respect.” “Who was the kid?” asked Jimmy. “ Me,” said Bill. FUNCTIONS OF SYSTEM. It has always been my fixed opinion that no business can be developed to the limit, nor the highest standard of effi¬ ciency maintained in its management, without the practical use of a broad and comprehensive system which brings together all the details in a precise and tabulated form that can be studied and compared at any time. — Jeremiah Dwyer. Written for The Inland Printer. MATTER AND METHOD. the moment a job is set, whether composing-room be small or ?e, the printer is confronted with problem of caring for the stand- type. A bad method — or no thod — of controlling matter in- tably incurs waste of time, for course of the average job of printing is like another course of which we have heard — “it never does run smooth.” This is one of those details wherein the little printer has an advantage over the larger one, for it would imply extreme incapacity if a man could not refer instantly to every job in the office if every opera¬ tion therein depended upon himself. But when a room contains from fifty to one hundred composi¬ tors, with ten or twelve composing machines, and a special staff of readers and stonemen, when the jobs range from an address card to a volume of one thousand pages or more, it is manifestly important that the method of handling matter should be appropriate to the circumstances. There are many pauses in the passage of most jobs between composition and distribution. After each pause it should be possible to take up the pages in perfect order and without delay. Yet, most men of average experience have known occa¬ sions when a prolonged search for a missing page has exhausted a man’s patience and materially swelled the hours chargeable to the job. This sort of thing happens occasionally in spite of systems and methods; but the singular absence of con¬ fusion, which a good system insures, is an irrefu¬ table argument in favor of method. No system, however, can apply with equal success to every office. The quantity and character of the work handled will demand a system framed to suit the particular circumstances. But an outline of a system which is highly successful in a large estab¬ lishment handling a wide range of job and jour¬ nal work should be at least interesting to similar houses, and, perhaps, suggestive to others of smaller proportions or different character. The preparatory stages claim first considera¬ tion, and we may therefore trace the course of a job from composition to its departure for the pressroom. Our imaginary job may be a catalogue of, say, sixty-four pages, 9 by 6 inches. Half a dozen men are concerned with composition and make-up, a clicker being in charge. The composi¬ tors pull only a reader’s proof, and retain the pages until corrected. As many other jobs, similar and dissimilar, run concurrently, confusion is avoided by a system of trays or slides. A small THE INLAND PRINTER 847 job would be kept somewhere about the man’s frame, many men possessing an upturned case or a slide. Extra accommodation is sometimes made by placing a piece of millboard on top of a case of type, and by this means a man may retain in his frame a considerable number of pages easy of access. But a catalogue such as we are consider¬ ing is rather too large for such an arrangement, and must be stored in a recognized manner until transferred to the stoneman. Along one side of the room runs a long bench or table, the frame¬ work of which consists of a series of racks exactly like case-racks. Instead of cases, however the racks contain storage boards or slides, the same But the pressman simply fills board after board with all kinds of pages, and stacks the boards near the press. The pressmen have no responsibility for placing loose pages in order. Here again a special staff takes charge. The boards are car¬ ried from the presses to the stockroom and the pages transferred to other slides, similar to those already described. But the stockkeeper concerns himself with selection and arrangement, and, besides affixing a label on each slide, he places the pages consecutively. Each rack bears a distin¬ guishing letter and a small memorandum-book is hung in the room containing a record of the con¬ tents of each slide in the racks. Thus a stoneman size as cases. A protecting rim prevents type being pushed over the ends or back, and a lip in front serves for a galley-rest when sliding. Approxi¬ mately 150 slides are provided in these racks, and the contents of each slide are indicated by a writ¬ ten or printed label pasted on the front. The stonemen readily find the pages when required, and the job is thus at the end of its first stage — either a proof for author or a pass for printing. Frequently, however, proofs are to be sent to, the author before the job is imposed. In such a case, the compositor places the pages on a long zinc- covered table near the proofing presses. The proofs are pulled by a special staff. All kinds of jobs are being proofed throughout the day — a few pages of one and, perhaps, a score or a hundred of another. Thus our sixty-four-page catalogue has plenty of company and might easily go astray. does not search through a few hundred slides for the pages he may need. He glances down the pages of the memorandum-book, and finds an entry which guides him directly to the job he is seeking. Having cleared the pages off any slide, he crosses out the name on the label, and the stockkeeper, who is continually needing fresh accommodation, understands at once that such slides are empty. He in turn crosses out the entry in the memoran¬ dum-book and makes new entries for the work which arrives. The whole system works mechan¬ ically, and whether pages are imposed for a first proof, or pulled many times before imposition, they can always be found by the compositor or stone¬ man who requires them. Jobs which are imposed before proofing go to a separate room, and find lodgment in a large form-rack. The return journey of the type is equally a 848 THE INLAND PRINTER matter of system. Pressmen deposit forms in a large rack or its vicinity, and stonemen select what is required for dropping. Distribution forms are easily cleared, the type going at once to the care of a distribution clicker, who gives out the kind of distribution which present needs demand. Other forms are treated variously. Small stand¬ ing jobs, which can not conveniently be kept in By E. Theo. Belir. chase, are generally transferred to slides bearing a printed label of customer’s name. In the case of a very large customer, whose jobs are of mis¬ cellaneous character, a copy of each job is pasted in a scrap-book, and its position in the racks is indicated by a letter and figure signifying respect¬ ively the rack and slide. Thus, a job marked F 6 in the scrap-book could be found on slide No. 6 in rack F. And to insure the job being returned to this position when dropped again, a letter and figure (F 6) are broken to the height of quads and placed in a conspicuous position in a quad-line. Each customer has special accommodation re¬ served for his work, where the volume of work demands it, but small customers are grouped alphabetically and a rack is reserved accordingly. Thus, a job which is repeated at long intervals, from a customer who has only a few jobs running, could be found on a slide indicated by the cus¬ tomer’s name — “ Typo Travelers’ Club Card” would be found on slide T. Many jobs, however, are too large to be kept on slides, and can not conveniently be kept in chase. For these extensive accommodation in cup¬ boards and shelving is provided. Many thousands of pages are thus packed away, each page wrapped in brown paper. Sometimes a proof of the page is pasted on the parcel, and, at other times, simply name and folio are written. A memorandum-book records the position where each job is stored, the book being indexed alphabetically. So extensive is the practice of wrapping pages, that the man who most frequently gets the job is known as “ the grocer,” whole days being passed at making up parcels. The foregoing is simply a record of the system which is followed. It certainly works well, for it is generally the fault of some poor human — and not of the system — when a job or page is lost. If a reflection might be permitted, the writer would commend a more extensive practice of parceling. Several considerations prompt this suggestion: Dust is excluded from the type, no matter how long the job may stand ; space is economized, since parcels can be packed where type could not be placed; the face of the type is less liable to injury, and the job is less likely to be pied; facility of handling being also an advantage on the side of the parcel. THE INLAND PRINTER 849 Written for The Inland Printer. THE COMMERCIAL ARTIST— HIS USE AND MISUSE. NO. V. - DY ANNA M. DENNISTON. c^r^^^^i?'YMPHONIES have been played, pic- tures painted and books written, and the world has received them and is the richer for them. But not often, especially in the circles V'SsJ i Presse(^ the rush of business life, does it stop to consider what the center of inspiration for each may have been. The ideal and poetic, the pastoral and homelike, seem so far removed from achieve¬ ment — that of art, science and commerce — that they are thought of as belonging to separate worlds. If, perchance, some man of affairs is seen standing upon a hill looking seaward, his glance goes straight to the horizon across which a mer¬ chant ship is passing from view, instead of dwell¬ ing upon the green meadows which lie between him and the sea, in which sheep are grazing in sweet content and sleepy-eyed cattle are browsing or lying under the shade of the oak, and horses are standing in pensive rest with affectionately crossed necks, as they, too, seek this protection from the summer sun. Neither does he see the simple cottage where the happy children are play¬ ing about the door, nor the daisies nodding at his feet. He overlooks them, partly because he does not think they are related in any way to him and his large affairs, yet it may not be too optimistic a view to assume that there is no man so absorbed in the business of the world that he would not be glad to find some relationship between these happy nature-things and his own life, especially if he should be persuaded that they furnish influences which affect his welfare. Perhaps, when the man in question descends from the hill and returns to his office, it transpires that the next business mat¬ ter in hand is the arrangement of a poster to advertise his shipping interests. He wants it made in a manner that will throw a halo of inter¬ est about his cargo and cause its value to be manifest and the world to desire the tempting fruit he offers. He needs an artist to do it for him, and he discerns that atmosphere, as well as delinea¬ tion, is what the matter in hand requires, so he ponders which, among the artists of whom he knows, can impart this charm to his picture and finally thinks of “just the man.” The question of whether environment makes the man or the man his environment is so ancient and so much pondered that it becomes almost smile-provoking when advanced, but the conclu¬ sion is general that neither one or the other is an absolute power and that the influences to which men lend themselves return with interest a char¬ acter-making and atmosphere-making quality. In reference to art, not only the men who have their eyes on the ships, but many others, fancy that it is a deliberately fashioned thing — made out of whole cloth — and that it can be a finished and labeled commodity. The workers in the field, how¬ ever, know that it is not so much a thing in itself as it is a growth resulting from inspiration caught here and there when men are walking among their fellows, and that it comes through the beautiful By August Petrtyl. of every-day experience. And so, when the artist is found who can give the atmosphere, and he proves to be one of the simple, natural kind, always interested in nature, who has lounged away many hours during his life under the trees, through whose straining branches he could watch the sky ; one who has been not the least disturbed to have his reverie interrupted by the advent of an infant that insisted upon playing horse upon his chest as he lay, then it grows plain that “ men must work,” but, more than that, they must be sympathetic if they would have the mellowing touch which 6-4 850 THE INLAND PRINTER makes them able to serve even great corporations — sometimes called soulless — in certain capacities. To “ point the moral to this tale,” a few illus¬ trations have been chosen from the work of a man who, when quite young, left the simple life of a Bohemian home and, coming to this country — without strain or special stress — took up his sojourn here and built the foundation of his own home. He has counted this first and best, and ever it is found in our midst, so long as technic reaches a good standard. It has also been said that the artist who sympathizes most obtains humanity’s applause, even though he does not pic¬ ture its life so literally to itself, since clever delineation can not touch the heart as does soul- deep interpretation. The best of work, from the standpoint of technic and appealing quality, has been done from stayed by his chosen field, while the greater num¬ ber of his contemporaries, with equal or less talent, have waved him farewell and gone either abroad or to the coast — seeking new and broader fields. The spirit that has inspired this quiet devotion to his home results in simplicity, and the art emanating from these conditions is reposeful and sure, and, as has been said, is richer from the soul standpoint than from the technical. This may be thought to be a serious fault, if superficially regarded, but the opposite is so universally true in American art that we may be very glad of this quality when- L'HALK. time to time by artists without the anchor to their thoughts of so much as residence in their home land, but these are they who have built a home spirit in their individual thoughts that can not be shaken by passing contact. The thinking man, whether equipped by study, travel and the like, or not, is the best artist in the end, and thinking com¬ bined with the inspiration of simple living results definitely in the best of art. When reviewing the commercial art work of the day the observer is often impressed with the fact that certain works, if differently applied, would be preserved as art THE INLAND PRINTER 851 By August Petrtyl. treasures. This is illustrated by a certain classic group painted by the artist in question and used by a brewing company. The color is rich and harmonious and the arrangement classic. There are three figures in the group; the center one is seated before an ancient armillary sphere, with low pedestals on either side, which serve as arms to her chair and, at the same time, as a stand¬ ard, upon which rest globes bearing the American eagle. The alma mater, the cherishing mother of the winemaker’s art, sits robed in a white tunic, and a college gown is thrown over her shoulders. About her head is a laurel wreath. On either side of her kneel her children, the daughter in cap and gown with the open book of science on her lap and in her hand a few heads of wheat. She leans upon the mother’s knee reposefully and looks across to the young man — the master brewer — who holds a glass of the perfected liquor in his hand, evidently offering it to the mother. A small sheaf of wheat and a spray of the hop-vine lie before him on the pedestal. The whole concep- the immigrant family watching with interest the nearing shore of the promised land — all these appeal, and are sympathetically interpreted through the vision with which he has learned to view the world. At the same time this other artist, Alphonse Mucha, from the same country — Bohemia — as a result of a life spent in the tion evidences repose and charm, and in every way is satisfying to the best art sense. Again, a vigor¬ ous conception of the “ Red Indian,” straining for¬ ward across a panel, the whole done in two tones of soft brown, flashed into life with red head-dress and beads, suggests the vigorous drawing and simplicity of coloring that might be fittingly applied on some frieze decoration, commemorating the times when the American world was new. What the permanent art of the world loses through this application to transient uses is placed to the credit of the active, moving contemporary life of our business world and serves to give it strength and spirit. The choice and treatment of subjects, how¬ ever, grow naturally out of environments, as can be discerned by a study of the works found in Mr. Petrtyl’s studio contrasted with a collection made by other well-known artists, whose lives have fol¬ lowed a different route — for instance, his work and that of the more abstract thinker, Alphonse Mucha. To the former, the beauty of atmosphere that surrounds the aged father sitting before the window and dreaming over the landscape; the young maid, questioning in breezy happiness what fate shall be allotted the infant god, Cupid; the young mother rocking her child to sleep, and 852 THE INLAND PRINTER schools and a long struggle against the unseen things that come to oppose a man, and led on by the same indefinable powers that encourage and console, has, with a more abstract idealism, pic¬ tured Joy and Sorrow, Light and Darkness, Spring and Summer, personifying them with conceptions upon which rest an equally radiant light of ideali¬ zation, and it only remains for the mood of the observer to determine which is the more desirable art and the more worthy subject matter. In this connection a quotation from a contem¬ porary mural decorator, E. Theodore Behr, regard¬ ing choice of subject and the treatment thereof, is probably as definite an answer to the question, “What is art?” as the subject should ever be allowed. It is to the effect that art, for the time being, is the reflection of each man’s mind, and that the symmetrical and naturally beautiful are so patent that they appeal to a very general sense of appreciation with which the human mind is illuminated. This view is not too optimistic to be accepted, reserving for the exceptionally cultivated thought a somewhat exclusive happiness in the subtleties, the half-tones and minors. Mr. Behr’s art illustrates a spirit which touches slightly upon both the abstract idea of Mr. Mucha and the more concrete of Mr. Petrtyl, and has been evolved under conditions somewhat similar to those gov¬ erning the output of the latter. All that is best in the world seems to emanate from centers, small or large, and, so, from homes, contemporary circles of friends, business centers, art, literary or musical circles, come the stamp and development of certain ideas and inspirations. One individual seems small as a part of the great whole, but the pebble thrown into the pond indi¬ cates the manner in which the waves spread from so small a center, and it is safe to conclude that the influence of every active center reaches far. In opposite direction, the most remote influences touch men’s lives and their expression. Italy is a familiar illustration of the way in which a national spirit is accountable for the quality seen in the individual and his production, and the whole world, especially that of art, receives the glow and warmth of the devotion that radiates from its national life. To America much good comes from the older life across the sea, and we have the double advantage of adopting the good and of creating for ourselves the spirit of simplicity and kindly affec¬ tion that is so easily lost in large cosmopolitan cen¬ ters and countries, but which must become more diffused and be accounted more and more valuable if an art — which, as a whole, is sure to be a help¬ ing hand to the country’s practical life — is to be made fruitful and satisfactory and, best of all, our own. Written for The Inland Printer. WOOD ENGRAVER’S TOOLS THEN AND NOW. BY S. H. HORGAN. interest to engravers everywhere should be the two sets of wood engraver’s tools shown here. The first was the set of tools used for possibly sixty years by Dr. Alex¬ ander Anderson, the founder of wood engraving in the United States. The other set was used by F. S. King, one of the leading engravers during the “ golden age ” of wood engraving, which reached its height only a few years since. One set shows all the tools which Doctor Anderson required in his work; the other collection shows TOOLS USED BY ALEXANDER ANDERSON (1775-1870), ONE OF THE EARLIEST ENGRAVERS ON WOOD IN AMERICA. the least number of tools that a modern wood engraver considers it possible to get along with. These engraving tools have been secured by Mr. John Cotton Dana, librarian of the Free Pub¬ lic Library of Newark, New Jersey, and are to be exhibited in the art museum which is about to be founded in that city. Dr. Alexander Anderson, who died in Jersey City in 1870 at the age of ninety-five, left a too brief autobiography, in which he tells of the begin¬ nings of engraving. About 1780, when he was fifteen years old, he records : “ One of my school fellows had access to an encyclopedia and there we found some instructions for engraving. Small pieces of copper were pro¬ cured and pennies were rolled out in the mill of a friendly silversmith, and when copper was scarce pewter was used. I did a head of Paul Jones and pleased was I when I got an impression with red oil paint in a rude rolling press which I had con¬ structed. The first graver I used was the back spring of a pocket-knife ground to a point. An THE INLAND PRINTER 853 obliging blacksmith afterward made some tools for me and I began to work in type-metal. I engraved some small ships and sold them to the newspaper offices. Other little jobs followed and I produced some spare cash. As there was but one other person working in the same line I began to feel of some consequence.” Accompanying Doctor Anderson’s engraving tools is an affidavit which in part reads : “ Edwin C. Lewis, being duly sworn, says that he is a grandson of Dr. Alexander Anderson, the first ward famous in their work. These were Garret Lansing and John H. Hall, of Albany, William Morgan, of New York, and Doctor Anderson’s daughter Ann, who married Andrew Maverick, a copperplate engraver. In 1840 there were not twenty wood engravers in the United States. At the time of Doctor Anderson’s death in 1870 there were over four hundred, and to-day the number of engravers employing photography in the work number several thousand. With Mr. King’s engraving tools have been TOOLS USED BY ONE OF THE LAST OF THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF ENGRAVERS ON WOOD. engraver on wood in the United States, and that the six engraver’s tools are the identical tools that were used by the said Doctor Anderson in his business as an engraver during his lifetime.” In 1796 Anderson drew and engraved a cut of the human skeleton. This cut was three feet long, but only three impressions were pulled from the block when the wood lines broke down under the pressure. This block was of course only a piece of selected plank, being engraved on the side as post¬ ers cut even to this day. Anderson had but four pupils who copied the master’s engraving tools exactly, and were after- produced some of the most delicate, refined and discriminating tones and effects in wood blocks that any American engraver has succeeded in securing. Proofs of some of Mr. King’s land¬ scapes show him to have been in wood engraving what George Innes and Homer D. Martin were in painting. Mr. King was a versatile engraver, however. Good examples of his work are to be found in Scribner’s Magazine, Vol. XVII and suc¬ ceeding volumes. These engraving tools, therefore, may be said to have been used on the beginning and ending of wood engraving in the United States. THE INLAND PRINTER 855 Tf)e foCcuyd ter ‘ Published monthly by THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY EDITORIAL NOTES. rpHE leading article in the August issue of The JL Inland Printer, on “ Recent Improvements in Stereotyping Curved Plates,” was intended to tra¬ verse the entire field of effort in this department of the printing trade. Omissions and commissions are not unusual in technical articles of this kind, and the suggestions that have been received in this connection will make subject matter for a special article in the October issue. 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago, U. S. A. Address all Communications to The Inland Printer Company. New York Office: Tribune building, City Hall square. Vol. XLIII. SEPTEMBER, 1909. No. 6. The Inland Printer is issued promptly on the first of each month. It aims to furnish the latest and most authoritative information on all matters relating to the printing trades and allied industries. Contributions are solicited and prompt remittance made for all acceptable matter. SUBSCRIPTION RATES. One year. $3.00; six months. $1.50, payable always in advance. Sample copies, 30 cents; none free. Subscriptions may be sent bv express, draft, money order or registered letter. Make all remittances payable to The Inland Printer Company. When Subscriptions Expire, the magazine is discontinued unless a renewal is received previous to the publication of the following issue. Subscribers will avoid any delay in the receipt of the first copy of their renewal by promptly using the blank enclosed in the preceding number. Do not Foreign Subscriptioi sixty cent: ‘ " To Canada, postage prepaid, three dollars and ithin the postal union, postage pre- . ings per all oth« 2 dollars and eighty-fh ?. Make foreign money orders payable to The Inland Prinf Company. No foreign postage stamps accepted. Important. — Foreign money orders received in the United States reful to ; proper Single copies may be obtained from all news-dealers and typefounders throughout the United States and Canada, and subscriptions may be made through the same agencies. Patrons will confer a favor by sending us the names of responsible news¬ dealers who do not keep it on sale. ADVERTISING RATES Furnished on application. The value of The Inland Printer as an adver¬ tising medium is unquestioned. The character of the advertisements now in its columns, and the number of them, tell the whole story. Circulation considered, it is the cheapest trade journal in the United States to adver¬ tise in. Advertisements, to insure insertion in the issue of any month, should reach this office not later than the fifteenth of the month preceding. In order to protect the interests of purchasers, advertisers of novelties, advertising devices, and all cash-with-order goods, are required to satisfy the management of this journal of their intention to honestly fulfill the offers in their advertisements, and to that end samples of the thing or things advertised must accompany the application for advertising space. The Inland Printer reserves the right to reject any advertisement for FOREIGN AGENTS. W. H. Beers, 40 St. John John Haddon & Co., Bouve E. C., England. Raithby, Lawrence & Co. (Limited), De Montfort Press, Leicester, England. by, Lawrence & Co. (Limited), Thanet House, 231 Strand, London, ! & Sons, Cannon House, Breams buildings, Londo , (Limited), General Agents, Melbourne, Sydney and Alex. Cowan & Sons, Adelaide, Australia. •Cowan & Co., Wellington, New Zealand. F. T. Wimble & Co., 87 Clarence street, Sydney, N. S. W. G. Hedeler, Niirnbergerstrasse 18, Leipsic, Germany. H. Calmels, 150 Boulevard du Montparnasse, Paris, France. John Dickinson & Co. (Limited), Capetown and Johannesbiu A. Oud^Soorn; 179 me de Paris, Charenton, France. A REVIVAL of the old-time custom of giving men a copy of the small work they do would stim¬ ulate pride in their work. Not long ago a compos¬ itor requested that we secure him a copy of a pam¬ phlet intended for free distribution. The profuse thanks proffered and the character of the inquiry - aroused our curiosity, when it was divulged that, though he did much of the composition, he did not think the office would permit him to take a copy. In that particular institution it is possible the pendulum has swung to the other extreme in order to remedy an abuse. We can not but think, how¬ ever, it would be the part of wisdom to arrange it so that the earnest worker could see as much as possible of the product in which he takes a pride. The penchant supply men possess for giving indiscriminate credit has led them into the usual difficulty in far-off Turkey. When the new con¬ stitution was granted, printing-offices appeared on the scene with magical celerity. The salesmen used their persuasive powers to induce Tom, Dick and Harry — or the Arabic equivalent for every¬ body — to embark in business, offering them lib¬ eral credit. Now the world-wide wail comes from the land of Turk. Wages have increased forty per cent, but competition is so keen among employ¬ ers that all thought of profit has vanished and the type and machinery men are unable to make col¬ lections. In cleanly Washington or in filthy Con¬ stantinople economic forces have the same results. Compelling business by undue credit inflation may make things hum ephemerally, but it surely kills the goose that lays the golden egg. The plight of the trade in the Ottoman Empire is referred to the Ben Franklinites and board of trade men, who thoroughly understand the situation even at this distance. _ Doctor Eliot, formerly president of Harvard University, has of recent years made a specialty of lecturing we mites of the industrial world on ethics. From day laborer to captain of industry, we have been unctuously reproved, and chided — • sometimes scolded — for customs and practices that did not square with the good doctor’s some- 856 THE INLAND PRINTER times impractical idealism. He has told us that, from top to bottom, we have hunted the dollar with too much avidity. Perhaps so ; but there are mil¬ lions of the chided who would not allow their friends to “ pass the hat ” for them so long as they were able to eke out an existence. The teacher should not be held too closely to his precepts, we know, but in the short interval that has passed since his successor was selected, the one-time head of Harvard has shown a keenness in pursuing the vulgar dollar that rather amazes those he preached at and must be depressing to those who placed Doctor Eliot on a pedestal as America’s grand intellectual — a position which his opportunities justified his occupying, even if his conduct makes the pedestal wabble. The recent convention of the International Typographical Union gave ample evidence of the steady, onward march of that big organization. The officers’ reports, which were made public early in July, demonstrated the high position which the organization occupies, and the convention gave voice to some of its ideals. The first important step was made toward the establishment of a mor¬ tuary benefit that will tend to make the members retain continuous connection and provide their beneficiaries with a sum that will be of service in what is usually the hour of direst need in a work¬ er’s family. We are pleased to note that interest in technical education is deepening, and legislation adopted at St. Joseph indicates that the typograph¬ ical union has started on the path which leads to insuring apprentices a fair opportunity within the offices and ultimately compulsory education in the theory and principles underlying the typographic art. With all its faults and failures, the Interna¬ tional Typographical Union has fairly won dis¬ tinction as being among the most progressive of organizations. Among the anomalies in life so common as to be hardly noticeable is the habit of men joining organizations and neglecting to attend meetings. To be a member of an association means participa¬ tion in its affairs ; anything less is not quite half membership, nor is the indifferent one getting all the benefit that is his by right. To leave the trans¬ action of business to the few is not fair to the officers, the organization or the absentees. In associative effort the more complete the coopera¬ tion the greater the benefit to all concerned. As it is, we have much machinery of the kind, but it is not working to its full capacity owing to this indifference. The evil is rampant in employers’ and employees’ organizations. The possibilities for harm are greater in the last-named than in the first-mentioned class of organizations, for the rea¬ son that they are usually empowered to take more drastic action. A writer in the American Photo¬ engraver, treating of the subject, shows the evil results of nonattendance, and without referring to it, shows the cause of some weird union legisla¬ tion. The writer assumes a union of 750 members, of whom but fifty take consistent and persistent interest in its business affairs, and then goes on to say: “A difference arises with the employers. Assume that thirty out of the fifty are radicals; when this question comes up for settlement it can be so handled by the radical thirty that the smoldering flame of trouble is fanned into a blaze. Result: a strike follows and seven hundred men are thrown out of work into idleness and all because not enough interest was taken by the seven hundred to avoid the trouble.” A CORRESPONDENT complains that ad. writers and others who prepare copy put a serious burden on the printer by compelling him to buy unusual faces that do not permanently strengthen his type equipment. The stock reply of the ad. man is that the printer is unprogressive and disinclined to purchase such letters as his customer wishes — strong and forceful faces. Without denying that the invasion of the “ furriner ” in the camp of the printer has helped in improving the printed page, we opine that reason for his present eminence has a deeper foundation than the printer’s disinclina¬ tion to buy type. For long display and job com¬ position has been regarded as largely a mechan¬ ical operation — the compositor who was success¬ ful being spoken of as a “ man of good taste.” To criticize his work was either evidence of lack of taste or possession of better taste, according to the point of view. There was no known standard — -in the composing-room at least — by which the work could be criticized — its worth proved or disproved. Contrary to an accepted axiom, there was no reason why a compositor’s work was good or bad, except the factor of personal like or dislike. The ad. writer and the designer came on the field with some knowledge of the principles of design. They dilated on and .applied those principles, thereby taking precedence of compositors who had been expounding them for years. The eclipse of the last mentioned was not due to inferior work¬ manship, but to the fact that they were uncon¬ scious of the force or power that made them successful. Up-to-date compositors are learning about the art that enters into their work, and are competent of analyzing it in a scientific manner, showing why it is correct according to the best THE INLAND PRINTER 857 canons of the art of design as applied to typog¬ raphy. The compositor of the near future will understand the artistic principles underlying typography and when he does the designer will cease to worry employing printers, for the com¬ positor-designer will bring to his craftsmanship that mechanical knowledge which will preclude the necessity of purchasing almost useless type¬ faces. The coordination of the power to design and the ability to execute in one person will result in more artistic printing and be as economically sound as the elimination of an operation in any problem of ordinary production. Years ago when one strolled into a store to purchase an article and was asked $5 for it, he offered $4.50 and went away with the goods. That practice became passe long ago, irreverent per¬ sons contending that it flourishes to a greater extent in printing circles than in any other line of industry, barring that of the old-clo’ man. After¬ ward merchants — to give the flavor of a bargain to all transactions — began to tell prospective cus¬ tomers that the $4.50 article was worth $5. Now, even that incident of salesmanship is being widely assailed and actually abandoned by some purvey¬ ors to the public. That the giving of comparative prices in advertising is done largely to admit of faking is the claim of those who have aban¬ doned the policy, and their tribe is growing larger. Behind this movement is a knowledge of the fact that while the public wants what it wants at a rea¬ sonably low price, the ever-increasing array of discriminating buyers are not keen hunters for so-called bargains. They know such opportunities do not occur every day, and that there is something wrong with daily assertions to the contrary. The habitual price-cutter is under a cloud of suspicion. The new idea in advertising is also indicative of an uplift all along the line. Exaggeration has been overdone to the point where it militates against all advertising, and with a realization of that comes an appreciation of the fact that the public is will¬ ing to pay reasonable prices. Possibly if those in the graphic arts were to wake up and take advan¬ tage of the new spirit that infuses the body politic, there would be more cakes and ale in the business. The conservative graphic-arts man who is opposed to keeping costs on the theory that the world wagged and man made money many years without such pesky detail is overlooking changed conditions. There never was a great deal of money made in the commercial-printing field, even in the period when comparatively small sums insured a competence. But in the days to which Mr. Con¬ servative loves to revert competition was not so keen. He may raise his hand in mild protest against that assertion and with benign smile tell tales of close figuring, but, while that may be true in exceptional cases, it is conceded that competi¬ tion is keener now than at any other time. Not only that; methods are more complex, necessi¬ tating closer attention and more scientific treat¬ ment ; the uses of machinery have been multiplied and wages are higher than in the other time. These are among many considerations that all but compel even the most reckless printer to keep a watchful eye on the productive elements. Busi¬ ness is business, to use a hackneyed phrase, in these days. That there is little room for favors on a personal basis, all agree; the margin for bluff and guesswork is being narrowed also. Busi¬ ness is becoming systematized and therefore put on a scientific basis. The increase in machinery back in the shop means more machinery of some kind in the managerial department in front. A cost-accounting system is a part of that mechan¬ ism. It may not be as pleasing to install as some other pieces of machinery to supersede what is obsolete, but it is just as necessary if there is to be progress. It was not to be expected the employer would escape consideration in the discussion of education that is now agitating the public mind. Nor is it presumptuous on the part of magazine writers and private educational institutions to urge the educa¬ tion of employers. In the printing trades the need of such instruction is admitted, and every organization is more or less educational in its pur¬ pose. In industries where larger bodies of men are employed the educator is abroad in various guises, usually taking the name of systematizer. Indeed, that functionary can be secured at any price from $5 a day up to the man who calls him¬ self a “ doctor of business ” and tells wide-eyed reporters that his services are worth $1,000 per diem under the best union conditions. In the end all this is but a part of the war on waste. An employer of six thousand persons is quoted as say¬ ing “that the productive capacity of mechanics and laborers is fully one-third below what it could be under the leadership of efficient employers and managers.” George Frederic Stratton, a maga¬ zine writer, very rightly says if this be true it is not a matter of personal concern but a public calamity. The firm that is indifferent in internal management is nearly always a waster in sales¬ manship. The quality of mind that seeks to save by pinching labor here and there — sweating it — will naturally endeavor to make sales by cutting 858 THE INLAND PRINTER prices. There is a lack of that breadth of under¬ standing which gets production in the workshop by capable management and the infusion of loyalty among employees while securing customers by intelligent service and progressive methods. The interdependence that is inseparable from our com¬ plex state of society impels men to move almost unconsciously toward a rectification of such evils. Thus we find business men’s organizations preach¬ ing a sort of commercial and manufacturing ideal¬ ism to their members and others. These efforts are followed by the systematizer in some shape, whose duty it is to apply the ideals — make them practically effective. Those who hold aloof from such movements or fail to benefit- by the educa¬ tional machinery — which has grown within the graphic arts without much order or systematic purpose, it is true — -will fall behind the race. This “ going to school ” in some of its aspects resembles advertising — if' your competitor does it, you must. _ A British printer, writing of his observations during the recent visit to Germany, compares the Teutonic workman with his English confrere. He concedes better trade educational facilities for the former, and says his work is more conscientious than that of the Briton. The latter is also at a dis¬ advantage when workshop conditions are consid¬ ered. But the critic is not prepared to admit that the German product is superior to that of his coun¬ trymen. This is followed by a significant reference to the working-class habits of the two countries, and in some respects his comments are applicable to conditions on this side of the Atlantic. “ The German workman is not yet the slave of sport,” says the writer, as he pictures him drinking his “ harmless lager ” in moderate quantities, while “ in England sport has laid hold of the workman to an alarming extent. Football and cricket attract enormous crowds of spectators. Whether this prominence of athletic sports in the life of a nation is healthy or injurious is a matter for serious con¬ sideration; but there can be no doubt that an immense amount of the workmen’s money is abso¬ lutely wasted in backing horses, and a large amount of their time consumed in watching and discussing horse races and other fascinating sporting events/’ If the time spent in watching games and read¬ ing picturesquely expressed sporting news were devoted to play, immense physical advantage would result. With the English writer, we doubt the efficiency of general indulgence in the purely sen¬ sual pleasure of looking at obnormally trained athletes doing a special line of work. It is a form of excitement that can be easily overdone, as it is devoid of useful mental or physical stimulus; The popular idea that employers’ liability, workmen’s insurance acts and similar legislation interfere with business is assailed by sociologists. Professor Hotchkiss, of the Northwestern Univer¬ sity, says it is painful to hear the plea that business can not stand the burden of its diseases and acci¬ dents. He says industry looks after that waste at present with the maximum expense and the mini¬ mum benefit, and at that the money is misplaced. He refers, of course, to the outlay for liability com¬ panies, with which we are all familiar, and for court expenses. Safety, the modest publication of the Museum of Safety and Sanitation (of which Mr. Dodge, of the Linotype company, is acting president), says “the deaths and maimings last year were at the rate of 1,370 daily, or a total of five hundred thousand people,” and that one-half of these were preventable. To send a poor .man to court borders on mockery, for, as President Taft has pointed out, the elaborate system of appeals deprives the man of modest means of all hope of obtaining justice. When successful, the injured persons receive scarcely $500 on an aver¬ age, and those who have had experience with cases based on contingent fees need not be told that the net result to the sufferer is about $200. The com¬ munity loss from preventable accidents is prodig¬ ious, insurance authorities placing it for 1908 at $125,000,000, exclusive of the great sums spent in courts. Passing the contention that if the method of compensation were systematized the loss would not be any greater to employers than it is now, the present practice is crude and not designed to lessen the number of accidents. The employer takes out a policy in the liability company, and so long as its requirements are met he feels he has done his full duty. The company is not particularly con¬ cerned about decreasing accidents below a certain point ; if there were none, its occupation would be gone. Its business is to keep down the payments for benefits. If workmen, employers and the peo¬ ple knew that they would be taxed for accidents, all would be alert to prevent them. We would soon see repeated in this country what is the practice in Germany — inventive genius offered inducements to apply itself to the safeguarding of life and limb. Under existing conditions they are held so cheap in the industrial world that it is a reproach to our civilization. As Safety implies, if any of what we call the decadent races were to allow the inhab¬ itants of a city the size of Baltimore to be killed or injured each year, the nations of Christendom would interfere in the name of humanity and even peace advocates would declare the war sanctified. There is many a boss who would rather make a blunder than accept a suggestion from his men. — David Gibson. THE INLAND PRINTER 859 Written for The Inland Printer. PHOTOGRAVURE FOR ADVANCED STUDENTS. SILVER ELEMENTS. HE silvers can generally be obtained ready treated with platinum, but, lest this should not be possible, I give full instructions for the work. Obtain a glass or earthenware ves¬ sel large enough to allow the silver to be covered by the solution, and fill up with water. Into this intro¬ duce about one-tenth of pure sulphuric acid, mix well and allow to cool. Now clean the silver with a bob of cotton dipped in nitric acid, and rinse, place in the acid bath and couple the negative pole of an accumulator battery to it. One or two cells will be enough. Attach to the positive pole a cop¬ per wire, allowing it to hang in the solution. Now, before making connection, pour about twenty drops of bichlorid of platinum into the solution and stir up. Now make connection, and you will see a dark deposit appear on the silver. When this is nearly black, it is done. • If it does not get suffi¬ ciently dark, drop a few more drops of platinum into the bath. When thus coated the silver is ready for duty. POLARIZATION. If no battery is available, you may place a porous battery jar in the solution, filled with sul¬ phuric acid and water, in proportions of one acid to seven water. Into this put a strip of zinc amal¬ gamated with mercury, connect this by a copper wire to the silver and the deposit will appear. The object of this deposit of silver is to pre¬ vent what is called “polarization,” which so greatly reduces the output of electric current that the battery would be practically useless unless treated in the manner above described. The cop¬ per anodes should be of various sizes to suit the amount of work in the bath ; they should be of spe¬ cial-battery quality and about three-eighths of an inch thick; holes should be bored at each side by which to hang them to the anode rod, and they should, like the battery zincs, be turned end for end every few days to insure equal reduction in thickness. When worn thin they may be riveted together, so that every piece is usable. They should be taken out from time to time and scrubbed with a stiff brush, as a black scum collects on them, which is injurious. STEEL-FACING. The steel-facing bath should be of stoneware and of a size to conform to the layout of the plant. * All rights reserved. In the plant we are considering it is four feet long by three deep and a foot wide. It should be glazed or enamelled inside and supported off the ground like the copper troughs. The current for this bath is best supplied from two cells of an accumulator battery, so disposed that when starting the coat the two batteries are coupled in series, and when thickening they are both in parallel ; or they may be kept in series, but a resistance arranged by which the current can be regulated. If this is done, an ammeter will be required to indicate what current is going into the bath. Cells of 150 ampere hour capacity will do very well. These batteries can be charged from the dynamo and will last a long time on one charge. A -separate sink and water supply are indis¬ pensable to the steel-facing bath, as any foreign matter would cause disaster. It would better be of stoneware, as nitric acid is to be used in it. In size, it should be four feet by three, and a board should be adjusted to it of such a length that when one end is in the bottom corner of the sink the other just rests on the top of the opposite side. This board is needed for resting the plate while it is being scrubbed. A shelf should be set over the sink on which to place the trays containing the emery powder and whiting. The brushes used will consist of one good nail brush, one fiber brush for the acid and one water brush with which to polish the plate. This latter brush is a very important one and must be soft and firm in texture. It will probably be of lily-white bristles and must not be used for any other purpose. The nail brush is for the first brushing after the plate is removed from the caus¬ tic potash. An iron dish or tray large enough for the larg¬ est plate, 4 by 3 feet, must be provided, and also a smaller one, say, 2 feet by 18 inches, in which to boil the plates in a solution of caustic potash. A low iron frame and an atmospheric or blue-flame burner will also be required. When not in use the potash should be kept in a wide-necked stoneware jar. There should also be a small gas-heater on which to heat the wax-pot, when wax is used to coat the backs of the plates to be “ grown ” in the bath. The anode used in the steel bath should be of saw-steel quality and of any convenient thick¬ ness. It should project about six inches above the solution, and this portion should be well coated with pitch applied when the plate is hot. This coating should reach below the surface of the solution. It is to stop the rapid corrosion of the plate* which takes place just at the level of the solution. The positive pole of the battery is con- 860 THE INLAND PRINTER nected to this by a clamp or by having a stout copper wire soldered to the corner before the pitch is applied. DETAILS OF THE PROCESS. Having described the nature and arrangement of the plant with reference to its more prominent features, I now proceed to an explanation of the process. We start, of course, with photography, and I will first discuss the relative advantages of wet and dry plates and their combination. These advantages will greatly depend on the nature of the copy and the effect desired in the etched plate. I take it for granted that the worker will not wish to prepare his own dry plates, as so many excel¬ lent makes are available. It was otherwise when the writer was in the thick of the game. He had to make his own in order to obtain the desired quality. The requisite quality is a good tone range without too great contrast, and a good colored silver deposit. The developer, of course, will have much to do with this. If the copies are to be colored, isochromatic plates with screens must be used, but this phase has been so thoroughly thrashed out in the trade journals that there is no need for me to say more on the subject. NEGATIVES AND POSITIVES — GENERAL. My general practice was to make a dry-plate negative and a wet-plate transparency, but this would be decided by the original and the effect desired. If a very soft and inarticulate effect is sought, I would use dry plates for both the nega¬ tive and positive, and in rare instances, when much crispness is desired, I would use wet plates for both. Should the negative be too dense, this defect may be greatly reduced by taking the trans¬ parency while the negative is still wet, exercising care before exposing to see that there are no streaks or drops of moisture hanging to either the front or back of the negative. Of course, in clean linework wet plates are to be used exclusively, though for some chalk and charcoal work it is well to make the negative by dry plate, otherwise the fine “ scumble ” may be lost and a harsh effect result. With nature negatives supplied by the cus¬ tomer, one must be guided by their quality in deciding whether a wet or dry plate transparency is to be used. The best developer to use for this class of work is one of the metol group, as these give a very clean image without too much density and the film also is of very suitable color for wet-plate copying. I by no means advise that the negative be intensi¬ fied, as by so doing it almost always follows that there is some unevenness set up in the color or density which will work great injury. It is better to try another exposure. Having secured a satisfactory dry-plate nega¬ tive, we need not trouble about washing it very thoroughly if in a hurry, as this can be done later, but simply wash it well under the tap and dry it off, or, as said before, if dense, place it at once in the transparency slide. If we are to dry it quickly, it is a good plan to treat it with a weak solution of formaldehyde. The negative can then be put to soak, after the positive is taken, if it is desired to keep it. It is desirable to have an order number for each job, and this number should follow the work through the establishment. The negative, positive and plate should bear this number plainly marked. The order form should carry all necessary instruc¬ tions, also the title, and should follow the job through every stage of the process. This avoids the confusion that might arise from having two jobs with similar titles. VIGNETTING. If a subject requires vignetting, it may be done in various ways. For instance, a white vignetting screen may be placed between the lens and the sub¬ ject, or a black one in the same position, according to whether a white or black vignette is required. An air-brush used on the negative will produce the same result, and, if applied on the back, may be removed without leaving any trace. Furthermore, it is out of focus here and therefore produces a better and softer effect. A white vignette may be very well secured when the positive is being made, because it is a question of blocking out during exposure, and so a vignette screen placed between the lens and the negative, or between the reflector and the negative, will serve equally well. If a black vignette is called for, it may be produced when making the negative, by the use of a black vignet¬ ting screen, or when printing the mold by using an ordinary vignetting screen, but if the latter, extreme care must be taken not to allow the forma¬ tion of an outline of the mask. I have made white vignettes by the employment of a male screen when printing the mold, first printing it the cor¬ rect amount and then applying the screen and overprinting the outer portion. The danger is of leaving a mark which is extremely difficult to remove from the plate after etching. The tonal effect of a subject may be much modi¬ fied when making the transparency, by shading the reflecting surface, which is best formed by a piece of white paper resting on an inclined board some little distance from the negative and at such an angle as best reflects the light, which is gen¬ erally about forty-five degrees. THE INLAND PRINTER 861 The positive must be reversed, and to do this, the films of both plates must face the same way ; in other words, the negative must be so placed in the transparency frame that it is copied through the glass. If they are toward one another, a direct positive will result, just as if a print were taken from the negative. In the treatment of the negative, there is little that can be done in the way of retouching except to remove the blemishes, as the handwork can not be disguised sufficiently to be unapparent in the plate. The positive, however, may be very exten¬ sively worked up without its showing on the etched plate. It is extremely important that everything in the photographic department should be kept free from dust. With this in mind, the camera should be invariably covered up when not in use, and the lenses watched to see that no dust gets into them. The camera should be dusted out, from time to time, with a damp cloth, doing this the last thing at night, so as to leave time for the dust to settle down before the next day. THE SILVER BATH. Use a silver bath of from thirty to forty grains to the ounce and keep it well filtered and sunned. Do not use nostrums. If everything is kept clean you will not be troubled by those mysterious dis¬ eases which haunt some workers. Keep the strength of the bath as nearly constant as possible. Have at least two baths of solution, better three, so that one may be filtering or sunning while the other is in use. Let the bath itself be of glass, with a good deep well at one end, into which the solu¬ tion may run when the bath is tilted up. This sends a good flood of solution over the plate when the bath is let down. Rock the bath while the plate is in, to insure even action. Use a silver-wire prong in lifting the plate and be sure to drain it well before placing in the dark slide. The best way is to wipe the back of the glass, with a pad of blotting-paper, as any streaks of solution on the back reflect light and produce very annoying marks on the film. In very hot weather it is a good plan to place a pad of wet blotting-paper at the back of the glass. This prevents drying and consequent egg-shell. The presence of spirit in the bath greatly increases the liability to both of these defects. The collodion should be poured out of one pourer onto the plate and drained back into another. This excludes dust from the pouring- bottle. Before returning to the pouring-bottle, allow to settle all night or filter. (To be continued .) Moderation is the type of government by law. — Ruskin. NEWSPAPER GROWTH. We are accustomed to think of everything as growing bigger as time goes on, says Waldo P. Warren, in Collier’s. The idea that increased size means growth seems to be an accepted standard of the American people. And while in a great measure this is a wholesome tendency, and is born of the necessity that all things should advance in proportion, it is evident that too much growth in size may tend to restrict the growth in quality. Years ago it was thought that some things had about reached the limit of size, but the giant things of a few years ago are the pigmies of to-day. There is one direction, however, in which it now seems that the limit of size has really been reached, and that any future growth will have to be in the direction of an improvement in quality. That is,, the size of the daily and Sunday newspapers. There are certain limitations which at last must be recognized. One is the fact that there is only a limited amount of time which the average reader can take each day or each Sunday to look over the paper. The publication that goes beyond that limit, and puts out a paper of which no individual can peruse more than a small fraction, is getting near the climax of its possible growth in size. The larger the circulation of a newspaper the more it must charge for its advertising space, and the less likelihood that an individual will ever see a given advertisement the less valuable the space becomes. The stopping point in mere size will be reached when the climax of advertising efficiency is reached. Another fact with which the future newspaper will have to reckon is the fact that the public is becoming more and more aware of the inaccuracies which inevitably attend the hurried preparation of a large paper, and more and more aware of the insincerity with which a great portion of the “ news ” is calmly manufactured and colored. This awak¬ ening is slowly but surely bringing about a distrust of the information and opinions voiced by the daily press, and this will in turn reflect upon the drawing power of the adver¬ tising by which it subsists. At present we do things in such a big, bold way that many of these underlying tendencies are not especially felt either in the amount of advertising received by newspapers or in the drawing power of the advertising for the adver¬ tiser. But we are moving rapidly to new conditions — at least in every other industry. It can not, in the nature of things, be many years before this tendency will make itself felt, and a reorganization of newspaper methods will neces¬ sarily follow. With the size standard passed, the only remaining room for growth will be in quality of the reading matter, quality of the advertising matter, and quality of the circulation. While circulations will doubtless continue to increase, the time has already passed when mere quantity of circulation means anything to the intelligent advertiser. But when these points become generally admitted, and the cry for quality is set up, the newspaper will find before it room to grow for generations to come without scratching into the possibilities for wholesome development. Is it too much to hope that we have already reached the climax of newspaper insincerity, and that future efforts for development will embody more of the spirit which seeks to improve the quality of the service rendered to the public, in contrast with the blatant clamor for domination by mere bulk? _ The general principles of selling and advertising should be, and will, one day be taught in the public schools; for everybody has something to sell. — David Gibson. Photo by C. M. Groty, Defiance, Ohio. DETERMINATION. THE INLAND PRINTER 863 CORRESPONDENCE While our columns are always open for the discussion of any relevant subject, we do not necessarily indorse the opinions of contributors. Anonymous letters will not be noticed; therefore, correspondents will please £ive their names — not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. All letters of more than one thousand words will be subject to revision. VIEWS ON THE WORK OF MR. BRUCE ROGERS. To the Editor: Rutherford, N. J., August 6, 1909. To evoke discussion by any article on typography not relating to labor and “ cost ” problems is an outcome decidedly novel and satisfactory. Waiving the facts that the leading article in your July issue, on the work of Mr. Bruce Rogers, did not specifically discuss the specimen exhibited and condemned by Mr. F. J. Trezise and two of his pupils, on page 711 of your August issue, and that the sentence, “ probably, if a one-point lead was changed in it, or a thin space added or taken away from an indention, it would be marred,” referred to another specimen, “ the pro¬ gram itself, set in Caslon old-style roman and italic,” Mr. Trezise and all the pupils of the I. T. U. Course of Instruc¬ tion are respectfully invited to submit, from the same copy, improvements on the two specimens shown on page 528 of the July issue, combining them in one work complete as for delivery to a customer, the competitive exhibits to be inserted in any issue of The Inland Printer designated by the editor. If this invitation is accepted, the Music Program of Mr. Rogers, as originally printed, will be fur¬ nished to The Inland Printer for insertion in the same issue. No restrictions as to size, paper, shape or any other details are made. There is the copy; let the competitors have full scope to disclose their talents! For the present this may be sufficient answer to the triple criticism. The prospective competitors (and there should be three at least) have the advantage of seeing the composition they are to improve upon. On the other hand, it is but fair to inform them that the specimens on page 528 are imper¬ fectly exhibited, in so far as they are printed on paper and in color alien to the design, and shorn of the proper mar¬ gins. This, as stated in the article, is true of all the speci¬ mens. Judgment can only be passed with any degree of certainty when the actual work in its entirety is before one. Further on in the August issue, on page 728, the writer of the article on the work of Mr. Bruce Rogers is reproved for “ bracketing the I. T. U. Course with the North End Union School.” This truly innocent act is regretted if it has hurt the feelings or infringed on the dignity of the managers of the I. T. U. Course. This is the first oppor¬ tunity the writer has had to discuss the educational move¬ ment of the International Typographical Union and he firmly believes that it is the most important development in the history of typography in this country, the benefits of which will be more adequately appreciated in the future. The originators and present managers of this course of instruction are placing the whole printing trade, employ¬ ers and employees alike, under great obligations to them. They deserve and will receive great honors. Far be it from this writer’s thought to disparage where only praise is due. Who else among your readers has collected the first pros¬ pectus and earlier circulars and forms of the course and bound them in morocco, believing that in due course of time that little volume will be a highly valued memento of the origin of a movement, widening its scope from year to year, which will create a great body of educated, refined and esteemed craftsmen? H. L. Bullen. THE APPRENTICE: WHY THE BUSINESS DOES NOT ATTRACT YOUNG MEN OF HIGH INTELLIGENCE. To the Editor: Chicago, III., August 9, 1909. What does the printing business offer to attract ambi¬ tious young men to-day? The business requires great mechanical ability and a high order of intelligence, but what kind of material out of which to secure this is our present-day apprentice? The average apprentice only illustrates the lack of attract¬ iveness of this field to the bright young man. Our busi¬ ness to-day is overcrowded with men who do not appreciate the opportunities offered and we have a large number of mediocre and incompetent workmen. We read every month in the trade journals the com¬ plaints of employers against incompetent help, but what are they doing to remedy the situation? Very few of these employers realize their responsibility for this incom¬ petency they complain of. Not long ago the following advertisement appeared in a daily paper: . YOUNG MAN — With practical knowledge of printing, especially presswork, for position in estimating department of large printing-office : excellent opportunity for man wishing to get into front office; salary to start, $15; write fully, giving age, experience in detail, and education. Address - Now, wouldn’t the salary offered for the above position attract a bright, intelligent young man? We can just imagine a young man with real “ practical knowledge of printing, especially presswork,” so ambitious and self- denying as to accept a front-office position at $15 per week. A person of the experience required in this advertisement must have been in the business for some years, and this experience and knowledge is his capital and is worth con¬ siderable. These wonderful inducements not only prevail for front-office help, but also in the mechanical end of the business. The printing business does not offer very bright pros¬ pects for intelligent young men to apprentice themselves and they know it. The intelligent young American is largely mercenary and calculating. Not long ago, talking with a bright young man working in a pressroom, I ques¬ tioned him as to what he did with his spare time eve¬ nings. He informed me that for the past three years he attended night-school, studying mechanical engineering. I remarked, “ Why do you not study color harmony, typo¬ graphical designing and the printing business in general? ” He promptly informed me there was “ nothing in it.” His teacher draws a salary of $30,000 a year, and he finished my argument by asking me to point out a man in the print¬ ing business drawing such a salary. But, as remarked before, the employing printer is responsible for this existing condition. He has been too busily engaged giving away his product — forgetting all about the mechanical end of his business and its future, and where he is going to get men to run his establishment to-morrow. About the only consideration given the apprentice is, how small an amount of money can he be secured for 864 THE INLAND PRINTER weekly, and the pay is usually $3 to $5. As to his educa¬ tion, health, habits, etc., very little information is ascer¬ tained, and the boy is turned loose in the workrooms to become a mere drudge. If he becomes a printer, pressman or a bookbinder, he teaches himself ; and it’s no wonder our present apprentice works at the business ten or fifteen years and knows very little about it. The employer who allows these methods to exist in his plant should be ashamed to let it be known that he is a producer of incompetent help. But he will sit at his desk, with large tears in his sad eyes, and talk about incompetent and botch workmen. If I were an employing printer and had been in busi¬ ness ten years and had not in that time helped evolve men who could take charge of any and all departments of my plant, I would look upon myself as a very poor sample of business man or of success in the business world. We see every day in the newspapers and trade journals, advertisements for managers, superintendents, foremen and office help, and I know of many shops that have had three or four foremen successively in a department within a year, and as many superintendents also, in the same period of time. This fact alone goes to show that some¬ thing is radically wrong in the printing business. Think it over. Did you ever see a railroad, the steel industry, or, in fact, any of the country’s great industries, advertising for managers or superintendents? They are every day evolv¬ ing men to fill such positions, and it would be well for the employing printer to take a few lessons as to how they secure young men who, in time, fill their executive positions. When the men who are in the printing business find time to teach young men the rudiments of correct com¬ position, presswork and binding (and, in doing so, elimi¬ nate the overworked idea of art) , teach them to produce a piece of printing mechanically correct, and that the busi¬ ness consists of things mechanical, we shall then be on the upward path to success. We have at present many art printers and few mechan¬ ics; too much time is devoted to the making of what is called the “ artistic printer,” and we find in business to-day these men who have spent much time developing their art ability and forgetting entirely the greatest requirement — business ability — hard, practical, common sense. Much time is frittered away by these art dabblers, where the cus¬ tomer neither wants the product nor pays for it. They are usually a proud, domineering class of men, who despise and avoid the straight run of composition, the composition that makes the business pay. Keeping the presses going is a matter that little concerns them. Some time ago, when hiring a printer (and he was a first-class art man), I asked the question: “Do you know anything about stonework? ” “ No, sir, and I do not care to know anything about it; it’s mechanical work.” Now, here we have a man who calls himself a printer and scorns one of the most important branches of composition, because it’s not artistic. What we need these days, is not a school to teach designing and artistic composition, but a school to teach common sense in printing — that the business con¬ sists of things mechanical, and to eliminate the idea that every piece of work must be artistic; and in this school enroll as pupils this vast army of journeymen artists, and impart to them the knowledge that to be a good printer means more than to be a good compositor, pressman or binder; that our business requires a general education in the business and intelligence of a high degree, and that there is no more honorable occupation among the leading manufacturing industries of to-day. John D. Grier. Written for The Inland Printer. LONDON NOTES. BY OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT. Penalty for Leaving without Notice. — A case of interest to newspaper proprietors was heard thq other day, at Manchester, when fifteen employees of Messrs. E. Hulton & Co., Limited, proprietors of the Manchester Chronicle, were summoned for leaving their work without having pre¬ viously given the firm notice of their intention in the usual way. The plaintiffs claimed damages for “ breach of agree¬ ment of service in refusing to obey the lawful and reason¬ able orders of the plaintiffs and their servants and ceasing to perform the said contract without terminating the same by notice.” The amount claimed against each defendant was $25. The men stopped their work in the early hours of the morning, as the paper was going to press, and the effect of the stoppage was that one of the early editions of the Chronicle was so delayed that every train by which it could usefully be sent was missed. Sixteen thousand seven hundred and seventy copies, representing a trade value of $121, missed their train. It was understood no one person could be held individually responsible for the whole loss, so it had been assessed individually at $25. The magistrate gave judgment for the plaintiffs, and each of the defend¬ ants were ordered to pay $2.50 and costs. Condition of Trade. — Trade is very bad again in the printing line for this time of year, and nearly eight hun¬ dred members of the London Society of Compositors have been signing the unemployed register. The moving cause of this bad trade is difficult to locate, as the business of the country is, according to official returns, improving rapidly. Penalty for Carelessness.— The responsibility for spoiled work, or damaged plant, caused by the carelessness of workmen has been confirmed by the decision that has just been given in a Yorkshire county court, in a case where a firm of papermakers sued a workman for damages to the amount of $160, for damage done to a roller on a paper¬ making machine at which he was at work. The prosecutors alleged that the roller was damaged through gross care¬ lessness on the man’s part, and, after hearing evidence, the judge declared for the plaintiffs for the full amount claimed. As to how they can enforce their judgment against a man who is out of employment and practically penniless is another question. Rotary Offset Presses in England. — The introduc¬ tion of rotary offset presses for the lithographic section of the trade has stimulated the inventive genius of printers engineers, and already there is talk of flat-bed presses being built on the offset principle, but with three cylinders, two of which are transfer cylinders, the first taking the impression and transferring it to the second, from which it is printed on the paper. The double transfer dispenses with the necessity of reversing type or drawings on the stone, as has to be done for the rotaries. Which of the English engineers has such machines in hand is not known so far, but there are plenty of rumors in the trade regard¬ ing their wonderful possibilities, which include printing on metal, glass, tiles, wood, or, in fact, almost any substance. I have just had information of a new press that is to be put on the English market by a well-known German firm, in which the offset principle has been applied to a newspaper rotary. The machine prints from flat forms of type, those for one side of the paper being at one end of the bed and those for the other side at the other end. The bed has a to-and-fro motion, during which each form is inked in the usual way, and transfers its impression to a rubber-covered cylinder, which transfers in the usual way. THE INLAND PRINTER 865 MAHf£(DMC6fflON BY JOHN S. THOMPSON. The experiences of composing-machine operators, machinists and users are solicited with the object of the widest possible dissemination of knowledge concerning the best methods of getting results. Bruised Matrix. — M. L., Columbus, Kansas, writes : “ Will you kindly explain what is the cause of the ear being chewed off the enclosed matrix; also how to prevent it.” Answer. — The matrix was damaged in the first elevator, possibly due to a tight line. To prevent a recurrence, do not send in tight lines, and have the assembling slide set one point less than the length of line. Thirty-six-point Linotype matrices are now being made by the Mergen thaler Linotype Company. The New York World has installed a Linotype machine for the composi- OLIVER F. BYXBEE. SPECIMEN OF THIRTY-SIX-POINT LINOTYPE MATRICES. tion of its newspaper headlines, the largest size of which is thirty-six-point gothic, a sample slug of which is here shown. The recessed mold is employed. Twenty-four-point matrices have been cut heretofore. With reference to the notice which appeared in The Inland Printer regarding the General Composing Com¬ pany, of Berlin, a German correspondent adds that, aside from the extensive matrix factory in Germany, a similar one has also been established in the United States, in Brook¬ lyn, New York, the manager of which is the former super¬ intendent of the matrix department of the Linotype Com¬ pany, of New York. Besides these, there are being manu¬ factured in Berlin machine parts for the Linotype, and there is also in the course of construction a new Linotype, called the Hercules machine. This machine, in addition to the enlarged keyboard of 104 keys, will have several other very important improvements. The General Composing Company will build not only two-letter machines, but double and triple magazine machines as well. The Hercules machines are considerably cheaper than other Linotypes, and it is said they will also be built in America. Vise-jaw Adjustment. — R. T., Butler, Pennsylvania, writes : “ I have a question I would like you to answer in your department of The Inland Printer. My machine is a Model 5, and has been running a little over a year. I find it impossible to set the left-hand jaw far enough in to avoid an overhang. Have set it in as far as it will go. There is a peculiar thing about this part of the machine. There is a set-screw that rests on the thread of the large adjusting screw and it has damaged the thread. I have tried for some time to set this jaw farther in and hope you can throw some light on the difficulty.” Answer. — Set your left-hand jaw out about six points; then reset the scale to correspond with the change you made in the rod. The two screws which hold the scale can be loosened and the scale can be moved to correspond to the rod. Do this after you have turned out on the square head of adjusting screw. After all of this has been done, cast a slug and note if an overhang appears, then turn in to correct this with the adjusting screw. Letters Bruised on Side. — A Southern operator- machinist writes : “I am enclosing a line to show you trouble I am having on a Model No. 5 machine. I call your attention to the right-hand side of the letter ‘ o ’ in the word ‘ to.’ All efforts to do away with the bruise that appears on this letter have failed, and I now ask your very valuable help. On a wider slug, the bruise appears only in the very slightest trace, even on a thirteen-em line.” Answer.— We believe your trouble is caused by the right- hand vise jaw moving to the left just as the mold-disk retreats. This movement of the jaw is caused by the pump- stop spring, which is perhaps unnecessarily strong. You may test as follows: Set up a line similar to the one you sent; cast a slug, keeping this line in the meantime in the elevator. If you find damage to the round letters like “ o ” or “ e ” then cast another line. In this instance, however, hold the pump-stop lever to the right until the disk has retreated. Examine this slug also. It is possible that this slug will not be damaged. As a remedy for the trouble, since the spring which operates the pump-stop and moves the jaw is too strong, it will be necessary to weaken it to some extent. The amount you will have to judge for your¬ self. At any rate, the spring must be strong enough to move the block under the pump-lever. Poor Metal. — R. J. G., St. Johns, Newfoundland, Can¬ ada, writes : “ Could you help me out of the following dif¬ ficulty? I am experiencing some trouble with holes in mouthpiece being plugged up. We have two No. 5’s, which were installed about a year ago, and they are much about the same. When you want to set a wider measure you have to drill out the holes. I have taken mouthpiece out of one of the machines and found that the mouth of crucible for over half its length (left to right) was choked up with metal, with holes drilled through it where I previously drilled out holes in mouthpiece. Apparently there is heat enough under mouth of pot. We have a nice flow of gas (blue flame) , and even with the help of a blow-pipe it does not have desired effect of melting out the metal. Since taking out mouthpiece and cleaning throat of crucible, to all appearances it is just as bad as ever. The packing seems 0. K. I may say that we have only used a small quantity of Linotype metal, the rest being melted up from old plates and stereotype metal and tempered. I am sending you a couple of slugs to get your opinion on the quality of metal we are using.” Answer. — You will have to send a sample pig of your metal to your metal dealer for analysis. You will receive directions for blending your metal from the dealer. Another plan is to order about one thousand pounds of regular Linotype metal and use it, adding some of the old metal occasionally. As it is now, it is too hard and will continue to cause the jets to clog as you describe. Matrix Combinations Damaged. — W. R. K., Cedar Rapids, Iowa, writes : “ I have carefully applied all known tests, but the combinations of my matrices are still being damaged. I have closely examined distributor bar, and it is perfect in every way; have put on new second-elevator bar; the line-up at transfer points is all right and the top guide is properly adjusted. The trouble I am having seems to be characteristic of double-deckers, as a new Model No. 4 in our office affects matrices the same way, although not so much as the old No. 2. My theory of the trouble is this: After a matrix leaves the highest point on the rails there is 6-5 THE INLAND PRINTER nothing to support it except the matrix bridge until all three distributor screws force it onto distributor bar, but before this happens the matrix will fall backward and get twisted, and when the back screw catches up and straight¬ ens the matrix it forces it on the distributor bar and cuts the teeth. Under separate cover I am sending you some more matrices and you can see the marks of distributor screws on the upper ears. Will also say that matrix clears inclined rails a strong one-thirty-second of an inch.” Answer. — Replace the two upper rails and the matrix bridge. After these are in, before any use is made of the box, test thoroughly. From the nature of the bruises to the combinations we believe that the difficulty arises after the matrices are lifted, through an in¬ terference of some kind or an improper alignment of the bar and rails. While these troubles may be pres¬ ent on your two machines, they are rather uncommon. A careful examination of the parts while turn¬ ing the screws by hand should reveal the cause of the trou¬ ble. Measure the space between the rails with a matrix; the space should ac¬ commodate a matrix without binding. Face op Slugs Damaged.— “ Truth Elkhart, Indiana, writes : “Several months ago we had considerable trouble with one of our Lino¬ type machines, being unable to get a per¬ fect face on the slugs. The operator on this machine wrote you re¬ garding the matter, and after following your instructions re¬ garding cleaning out metal-pot, mouthpiece, etc., we have since had no trouble and get a perfect slug. Many thanks for your kindness in the matter. We now have trouble of another nature and are sending you slugs under sep¬ arate cover to show you the nature of the trouble. You will notice the large slugs are battered on the end. These slugs are not as bad as they become at times. We also enclose a thirteen-em slug which, you will note, is 0. K. The trouble occurs on all slugs from ten ems up, except on the thirteen-em. At times they become so battered that it is impossible to use them at all. We have just put on a new knifeblock and new knives, but this did not help the matter. A peculiar part of the trouble is this: The machine will make perhaps a half galley of perfect slugs, when the bat¬ tered ends will show up and will get worse constantly. One day the operator took a six-point reglet and inserted it between the knives (from the outside), working the reglet back and forth, thinking perhaps something had lodged between the knives. The next slug was perfect and they were 0. K. for about half a galley, when the trouble began again. Another application of the reglet corrected the mat¬ ter again. He has been using this method ever since. Upon ex¬ amining the knives before using the reg¬ let nothing can be found that would cause this trouble. We have tried changing the ejector-blade, but that does not help the matter. It is the same on all measures and thicknesses of slugs, except thirteen ems.” Answer. — The cause of slugs being damaged is likely due to the accumulation of metal on the long screw which is used to adjust the left- hand knife. The metal accumulates at that point and failing to fall off, it is caught by the slug and dam¬ ages the first char¬ acter at its lower end. The reason why it seldom occurs on thir¬ teen-em matter is due to a lesser quantity of trimmings from the ribs of the slugs. As remedy, keep the knife-wiper in such a condition that it will descend by spring ac¬ tion rather than by the movement of the first-elevator lever. To do this, keep the open¬ ing around the bar free from metal shav¬ ings and have the bar¬ spring weak enough to permit free action. The downward movement of the knife-wiper will be vigorous and will tend to dislodge the metal particles, which will drop to the floor rather than lodge on the knife-wiper guide and screw. RECENT PATENTS ON COMPOSING MACHINERY. Mold.- — J. R. Rogers, Brooklyn, New York, assignor to Mergenthaler Linotype Company, New York. Filed Decem¬ ber 14, 1908. Issued June 22, 1909. No. 925,843. Monotype Low-quad Mold. — W. H. Brueckmann, New¬ ark, New Jersey. Filed August 3, 1908. Issued June 22, 1909. No. 925,866. THE INLAND PRINTER 867 PROOFROOM BY F. HORACE TEALL. Questions pertaining to proofreading are solicited and will be promptly answered in this department. Replies can not be made by mail. Quotations. — Reader, Boston, Massachusetts, asks: l)ahespcare’0 Ctoelftb Jfritmp ffibrning. april 10, 190S Commontocaltb Iball, dipper SPontcIair Original program by F. J. Johnson, Montclair, New Jersey, and a resetting, suggesting a more simple arrangement of the groups. have gathered the reading matter into two groups, thus securing a simple design and one that is easily grasped by the eye. The question of simplicity of design — not plainness and lack of decoration, but an absence of a com¬ plicated breaking up of the reading matter and ornamentation — is one of the most -important items in typographical arrangement. Edwards & Broughton Printing Company, Raleigh, North Carolina. — The blotter is very neat and tasty in design. Of the three, we prefer the one on the cream-tinted stock, as it gives the best color combination. On the blue stock we would suggest dark blue and orange in preference to Charles Washburn, Laramie, Wyoming. — The cover arrangement which you sent is, in general, very good, and the fact that you do not feel that it meets your ideal is an excellent indication of the progress you are making. We would, however, make one or two suggestions regarding it. We would suggest that you take out six or eight points from either side of the line immediately under the underscoring rules, moving all but the three bottom lines up nearer the top group. The fact that the balance of the page is set in a roman type with serifs suggests that the lines at the bottom be set in a heavy roman letter rather than the sans-serif gothic. We would suggest that you avoid the use of panels with the bottom and side made of heavier rule to give a raised effect, as the printed page presents a flat surface and to use thereon decoration with an effect of perspective is not pleasing. with the highest degree of efficiency if you constantly crowd him for output. Give him time to do his work properly. Of course, the all-important thing is to know where to draw the line. The employee must turn out a reasonable amount of work per day, and he must do it with a reasonable degree of accuracy. In many big concerns, the habit of inaccuracy or care¬ lessness on the part of the employees costs the house in a year an amount that would compare favorably with the gross profits of the concern. Hundreds of firms fail in business because of losses due to this one cause. How essential it is then that the employees be impressed with the responsibilities that rest upon them individually, that they be made to consider themselves as parts of the organ¬ ization, not as mere employees. After all, the solution of this problem lies in each man educating himself to the habit of reasonable accuracy. “ Do It Now! ” is a good motto, but “ Do It Right Now! ” is a better one. — P. V. Bunn, in System. 876 THE INLAND PRINTER ©STAND METHOD THE LAW OF SUGGESTION.* In presenting this topic, I feel that its importance to every one, more particularly the business man and the salesman, is even more pronounced than any other subject stage of reasoning, he then begins to form judgments and should in addition endeavor to apprehend laws and prin¬ ciples, but the busy man does not often stop to realize the value of this apprehension of laws and principles, and therefore his mind does not progress to a much higher condition than the rendition of judgments of one sort or another, good, bad, prejudiced or otherwise. When you notice an idea which is common to a great many different things or a diversified number of other ideas, which in its action works out in practically the same manner each and every time, you say, that is a law. For instance, we release something from our hand and it fol¬ lows the most direct line until it reaches the ground; we also notice that as a river cuts its way through the soft earth it comes to a strata of rock; it does not try to cut through this rock, it goes around, but it is still heading in the same general direction. What do we determine from DELEGATES AND VISITORS TO THE TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL CONVENTION OP THE NATIONAL TYPOTHETE OF AMERICA, DETROIT, MICHIGAN, JULY, 1909. The activities of the organization are now particularly directed to the problems of “ Cost and Method.” of a similar character, and, moreover, I believe the value of the right application of this law far outclasses a great many of the seemingly vital problems which confront the business man of to-day. Before touching upon the subject itself and in order to bring the great value of the application and correct use of “ suggestion ” properly to your attention, I wish to first dwell for a moment upon the question, “ What is a law? ” When the mind of man in its development reaches the * An address delivered before the Franklin Club of Wisconsin at its annual banquet. these and similar incidents which we notice all around us? Merely this, that all forces follow the lines of least resist¬ ance. What have we then discovered? A law. The law of nonresistance. We also note that any article which becomes detached from a stationary body or a body capable of maintaining it immediately falls to the earth. What causes this action? Gravity, and, as this applies to practically everything we immediately assure ourselves, here is another law, in fact, a law so universal that it is really a principle, a principle merely being a law that is common to a great many other laws. THE INLAND PRINTER 877 As we sit in the street car and the brakes are suddenly applied, our bodies swing forward in the direction in which the car has been going. What is this? Inertia. This is still another law, and we could go on and on and name any number of these laws, but our object just now is to deal with that law known as “ suggestion.” Primarily, what is a suggestion? A suggestion is some¬ thing that causes us to think, that creates thought or pro¬ duces an action in that portion of the mind which does the thinking. According to this definition, you will see every¬ thing is a suggestion, and such is really the case. Every¬ thing we see or hear creates thought. In other words, any¬ thing that reaches the mind through the agency of the senses constitutes a suggestion and operates to our advan¬ tage or detriment, as the case may be. These facts just stated being absolute, we can readily determine the enor¬ mous value which the regulation and supervision of the suggestions we receive can be made to mean to each and every one of us. Before proceeding further and in order to more fully point the value of the application of the law of suggestion, I wish to delve to a slight extent into the psychological phase of this question. Most of the acceptedly reliable psychologists and authorities on these subjects concur in the theory that the mind of man is divided into two sepa¬ rate and distinct parts, each portion performing its indi¬ vidual functions in relation to each other and to the outside world. It might be better to say, instead of the mind being divided, that it is composed of these two parts. However, that is neither here nor there, for we all realize that we have an outer and inner self, separate and distinct one from the other. These two mental divisions are known as the outer and the inner mind, or the conscious and the subconscious mind, or the objective and the subjective mind. I shall use the latter terms. The objective mind is the one which receives its impres¬ sions and suggestions through the agency of the five phys¬ ical senses or from its own subjective, and the subjective mind is the one which receives its impressions from its own objective, or through the so-called sense of intuition, or from the suggestion of other minds than its own. Not wishing to go deeply into this matter at this time, but desiring to bring these facts into direct relation with the main topic, “ suggestion,” I wish to state the great and valuable truth which is highly pertinent in this connection, and that is the subjective mind is always amenable to sug¬ gestion. You must remember that this is always the case — it is always amenable to suggestion. This being a fact, you can readily appreciate the value of good, strong, direct, positive, affirmative suggestion in the negotiation of any business deal. Too many salesmen speak in the negative instead of the affirmative. For instance, I recollect observ¬ ing a dry-goods salesman, who was attempting to sell a bill of goods and who had already succeeded in entering several items in his order-book, pick up another article and say to the merchant, “'You didn’t want any of this, did you? ” Of course, the merchant didn’t want any of it — the sales¬ man told him so. It would have been exactly as easy if not easier to put the same statement in the affirmative. You will recollect the first-class book agent who may have called upon you and sold you some little time ago. When you were hesitating as to whether to buy his books or not, he had the contract-blank under your eyes and handed you his pen and said, “ Sign your name right here on this line,” and you signed, didn’t you? He was no doubt a past master at the application of the law of suggestion and you “ fell for it,” as do thousands of others, and you likely wondered afterward how you ever happened to invest in those books. These incidents vividly picture to you the value of sug¬ gestion in business, and its value is not confined to business alone, for it enters into all human relations and endeavor, both social and domestic. We see its value in the home. For instance, the child has fallen and hurt its arm. The mother picks it up, soothes it and caresses the spot where it hurts, at the same time saying, “ Now, it is all better,” and lo and behold, it is better. The suggestion has recorded and the pain has disappeared. A person may be ill, and a cheerful, good-natured physician of positive personality, thought and speech enters the room and immediately says, “ Why, you aren’t sick; you only think you are; in fact, you’re looking fine.” What is the result? You instantly feel better and begin to think perhaps you aren’t quite as bad off as you had believed. These and many others of like nature constitute positive suggestions which work for good in social and domestic life as well as in business. This sort of an application of the law of suggestion means better health, better mentality, more happiness and cheer, -all of which, brought down to a final analysis, resolves itself into better business, cleaner business and more successful busi¬ ness. This is all the result of suggestion applied along the right lines. One of the most important uses of “ suggestion ” is the application of this law to one’s self. This is known as auto-suggestion, or self-suggestion. The practice of sug¬ gesting good, positive things to yourself is one of the greatest aids toward good bodily condition, clear mentality and general good feeling. Following this thought, the salesman, as he approaches a prospective customer, should suggest himself into a posi¬ tive, success-winning state of mind. This can not help but impress the buyer and result in more orders than are pro¬ cured under any other mental condition. In addition, it gives the salesman more confidence in himself, which is most desirable. Although somewhat aside from the topic, I wish to mention another valuable business asset, and that is mem¬ ory. The subjective mind is the seat of the memory, and another truth which our most eminent scientists along these lines claim to be absolute is, that the subjective mind never forgets. As an illustration of this fact, and so you may determine it to really be a fact by your own reasoning, I wish to call your attention to a very simple little test of this truth. For instance, something of which you have not thought for many years — something that may have occurred in your childhood — suddenly comes into your mind. You recollect it clearly. It certainly must be apparent to you that this incident or the knowledge of it, or better still, the remembrance of it, was stored some¬ where, and although you had not thought of that particular incident for many years your memory still retained it. By the correct use of auto-suggestion, this valuable positive of memory can be strengthened more and more each day as can any and all other desirable faculties and qualities. In conclusion, I want to impress upon you the truth that suggestion is a law — as true and as definite a law as is nature. Endeavor to work in harmony with this law as well as all others, for, as you know, violation of the law is costly. If we violate any of the laws of health we pay for it by illness and sometimes death. If we violate the laws of our country we pay the penalty. This is a ruling principle, and when we realize thoroughly the truth we endeavor to become more familiar with these various laws and principles and work in conformity to them. Therefore, let us all from this time henceforth decide to go about our 878 THE INLAND PRINTER duties, giving due attention to the various laws which may govern them and work in accordance with these laws, which are as unchangeable as we are told were the laws of the Medes and Persians. BANKERS AND PRINTERS. The average printer commencing business has a notion that when he gets his plant paid for he will be able to walk down to the bank president’s office, point to his machinery and type, the business he is doing and negotiate a loan with “ my bank.” If he be fortunate and reaches the stage where he has nary a note to lift, a visit to “ my bank ” dis¬ illusions him. He finds that while his personality may be of some value, his hard-won plant does not interest the banker. Banks are not exactly what he thought they were ; at all events, they do not do business on quite the basis he had supposed. In short, as a general proposition, a bank does not wish to know many printers — there are other more desirable clients. This attitude of the bankers has caused considerable gossip among printers in Chicago. W. F. Whitman, chairman of the committee on banks and banking of the Ben Franklin Club, undertook to investigate, and his summing up will interest many who have wondered but never known why printers are rated below par with the banks. “ I was informed a certain bank president had issued instructions that printers’ accounts be not accepted, and another bank stated that it would be very glad to be rid of such accounts,” said Mr. Whitman in explanation of his quest. “ The reason for this feeling is that printers are not regarded as good business men ; at least, not equal to those engaged in other lines of business. It is claimed that employing printers have sprung quite largely from the ranks of the workmen and, while showing exceptional quali¬ fications in that field, they are inexperienced in business methods. This has made them a trying class for the bank¬ ers to deal with, and their experiences with them have led the men of money to form a poor opinion of printers as business men and financiers, which makes their business undesirable, and favors are granted with great reluctance. “ Here is something perhaps rather startling to some. Machinery is not considered as an asset by the banker. In extending a loan or granting favors, the machinery account is practically overlooked, no matter how large the plant ; at least, it does not exert any more than a moral influence. A strictly modern plant practically free from debt would, of course, make a much better impression on the banker than an old, worn-out one. Wishing to find some percentage that might be applied against a first-class plant for the procurement of a loan, I was unable to obtain one, being told that mortgage brokers were the ones to answer this question. It is therefore my opinion that not over five or ten per cent of the value of the plant could be borrowed on, and this only when the book showing is favorable. Machin¬ ery in any line of business which is used to produce the articles sold is not regarded as an asset. This being so, it behooves the printers to know what their real assets are as a basis for obtaining credit. “ First of all, there are record and character. The banker thinks much of these, and will often do for those who have his confidence much more than for others with an equally good showing but with whom he has had no business experience to guide him. The favors obtainable by those who have the entire confidence of the bank are out of all proportion so far as assets are concerned to those who have not this confidence, and it would surprise some if they but know how much the banker is influenced by this feeling. “ In my search for information statements were shown me, but the names of the parties withheld. The first was that of a business man not a printer. His net assets showed some $43,000, and he could obtain a loan of $55,000. This party was said to do a very conservative business, making small but sure margins. The loan could be called in as wanted by the bank if necessary and this party could close out his goods and meet the bank’s demands. Further¬ more, he had been dealing with the bank for years and had won its entire confidence. Another statement was that of a printer listing $250,000 worth of machinery. His accounts and bills receivable were about $40,000 and accounts pay¬ able about $35,000, with $2,000 in the bank. A loan would not be made on this showing, as the accounts payable amounted to so near the amount of the accounts receivable, and the fair presumption was that these accounts receiv¬ able were padded, or, in other words, consisted to a greater or less extent of uncollectable and old accounts. It seems almost incredible that a plant having a quarter of a million dollars invested in machinery and free from debt would not be awarded, a substantial loan on this item alone, but such is the information given me. “Another statement from a printer shows $40,000 in machinery, $15,000 in accounts receivable, $5,000 in accounts payable, and $8,000 in the bank. A loan of $10,000 would be made to this party, for he has enough cash on hand to pay his accounts payable and have $3,000 left, and even with such a loan he would have a large margin of quick assets to meet his current liabilities. “ In answer to the question, ‘ What ought the printer to do to improve the banker’s opinion of him and make it pos¬ sible to obtain greater favors? ’ it was suggested that the study of manufacturing costs be pursued, more care used in extending credits to customers, and more conservatism exercised in the purchase of machinery and increase of manufacturing facilities. It was also suggested that accu¬ rate bookkeeping be employed, so that correct statements could be readily drawn at any time, and a plan devised by which the work in process could be learned in a dependable way, as this is almost as good an asset as accounts receiv¬ able.” RELATIONS OF TRADE BINDER AND PRINTER.* BY F. N. VOLKERT. The relation of the trade binder to the printer is an interesting subject to me. It is necessary to go back a little before our time to get a proper start. Take printing and follow it up from its earliest inception, when the script was baked in mud pies, right down to the present. What won¬ derful progress, and the most important factor in all progress. The credit due to printing is beyond measure. The wealth it helped to create for nations and individuals can not be estimated. Strange as it may seem, we find all along the line that those directly engaged in printing did not accumulate great quantities of wealth. This proves to me conclusively what I have suspected all along, that the printing business is intensely interesting; that those who engaged in it did so because it had an attraction for them, and they learned to love their art for its own sake, and when one did go into the printing business to make money, he became so fascinated with printing that he would rather work all his life without money than give it up. Quite early in the game, some fellow with a natural love for order and system, seeing these mud pies lying around in disorder,, with the printing on or in them, gathered them up, bored holes through them and hung them with willow- * An address delivered at a noonday meeting of the Ben Franklin Club of Chicago. THE INLAND PRINTER 879 bark to sticks and thus we had our first binding, which, by the way, was a kind of loose-leaf affair. From that, time on the binder has always hung around the printer, and when paper came in general use and he had learned the use of glue, he never left the printer, but he stuck closer to his own business. He also acquired one of the printer’s habits — he loves his art like the printer, and, if such a thing be possible, he gets along with less pay. But there are differences apparent to a close observer. The printer charges his customer for the job — that is, he sets the price for what he thinks it will be worth, or what the customer says it will be worth. The binder works dif¬ ferently; he charges by the hour, or the time he works on the books. The printer discovered the binder’s method of F. N. VOLKERT. charging, with the result that, when placing an order for binding a number of books, he would insist on having them before it was possible to do them. About the second week I spent inside a bindery there was quite an excitement one day. A number of boys rushed through the aisles with a job-ticket, which came from the printing-office, and the reason for the furore over this par¬ ticular ticket was that it did not contain the word “ Rush ! ” in the u^ual place. I could not see the joke at the time, but have learned since that an order from the printer without some kind of a rush order is a curiosity. Not many weeks ago a printer ’phoned with consid¬ erable noise for books before his stock had reached the bindery. This caused some speculation as to whether he wanted to get his binding free or whether it was just force of habit. The mystery was cleared up a few days later, when the printer’s customer appeared in the bindery with a demand that justice be done his printer, making the assertion that he and the printer had been waiting for books from the bindery for two months, and that he knew they could have been finished a month ago if the binder had given any attention to his business. I should not like to have printers feel that I wish to be antagonistic; I merely wish to touch on practices and happenings that have resulted in the binder not standing as close to the printer as he should. In fact, the impression has gained ground that the printer is the binder’s natural enemy. The expres¬ sion at least is not new. Under these conditions it is only natural to suppose that the binder, if purely out of revenge, took more time on some jobs than he really should have done. A few days ago a printer informed me he had been doing his own binding, figuring that, if the trade binder could make a profit on his work, the printer could surely come out even and avoid the trouble of sending out his binding. After carefully examining the expense, however, he found he was paying more for labor than the binder figured for his work, to say nothing of the time lost, the expense of management and floor space. A trade binder who depends entirely on printers for his work is naturally under obligations to them, but it is a question whether he or the printer profits most by his existence. No printing-office can afford to have all the facilities to do everything in connection with binding, and therefore printers must necessarily find it more profitable and less worrisome to send the binding out than to do it themselves. It is safe to say that there is more idle bind¬ ing machinery in printing-offices than there is at work. I dare say that the floor space alone which is occupied by some of these machines has cost more than’ they have earned. Much has been said recently about the advantages of keeping cost, and still there are printers who say it is all “ bunk.” This cost talk sounds like gospel to me. I will just cite one case relating to a job of printing and binding, where the binding was the big end of the job. I figured on it several times. My customer had a friend in the office who was giving out the work. He showed me the prices, but I said “ No, not for me.” Then he brought me the. bills, and I saw the job had been done at a price a little above the cost of the stock, and no bindery could have hired the labor for the price paid. Yet this job was done again and again by a large printing-house which runs its own bindery. It must have taken some very profitable printing to make up for this semi-annual loss in binding. Binding for the trade is far from being an easy propo¬ sition, the average printer being more exacting than the consumer, who must be satisfied at any rate, and I believe it would be a decided improvement for printer and binder if they were to observe a few simple rules. When placing an order with a binder, allow him enough time to do the work properly. It will help to make him more honest, as he will not be compelled to break so many promises. Fur¬ thermore, books which have had plenty of time to dry and to remain in the press will always look better than those which are rushed through. Be explicit when taking and giving orders. Get plain copies. You know a printer can show a proof and easily make corrections. With the binder it is different; expen¬ sive work is taken in to be finished. It generally comes out all right or all spoiled. Take, for . instance, a job of ten thousand order-blanks. The instructions read : “ Please number order-blanks herewith from 1 up in triplicate.” Now, there are several places for numbers. One calls for “ Order No.,” one for “ Job No.,” and one for “ Bill No.” It seems quite natural in such a case to number the order blanks at “ Order No.,” but it has happened that such a job 880 THE INLAND PRINTER has been delivered and after several weeks to come back as spoiled, because the number should have followed the “ Job No.” Ruling is another class of work that is often done at a great risk. It is impractical to show proof unless the party making up the form is right on the ground to 0. K. each run as it is started. Though most ruling copy is plain, once in a while the binder receives some which surprises him if the ruling is done correctly. I have in mind a batch of copy which was very crude, yet required complicated ruling. With the exception of one sheet, the job was done correctly. The exception was the simplest job and was our fellows by saying, “ The printers are the worst in the trade,” for these knockers will turn right around and say that the binders are worse than the printers. The thing to do is to stop the knocking and boost our business compan¬ ions. I have learned to love my trade, and nothing pleases me more than to see a lot of satisfied customers. But if I were to be asked what I would rather do than bind books, I should say it would be to help to bind the printers into an organization, like two leaves in a book, where they can see each other from both sides. The binders, electrotypers, lithographers, paper-dealer and paper-rulers, each in their CHICAGO OLD-TIME PRESSMEN’S ASSOCIATION. Top row — Fred Coles, Paul Riebe, William Lannefeld, John Yetter, Mike Farrell, Joe May, Al. Wendt, Frank Bush. Second row — J. A. Hale, William Knees, Charles Bay'less, William Neuses, William Blaufus, W. T. Polston, John Peterson, William Langhoff, John P. Keefe, J. Frank Daly, Frank Bremner, H. E. Delbare,. Henry Rochon, Joe O’Leary. Third row — Alfred Massey, Jules Berteaux, John Storfer, William Belloway, Alex Brand, John J. Collins, George Glasgow, W. F. Moran, Pat Ryan, James L. Regan. Fourth row — Otto Fritz, Garott Burns, John Quinn, Charles Harker, Jake Zonsious, George Kuehnl, Charles Harrison, Frank Kiel, Fred Fritz, George Smith. Bottom row — - Dave Lewis, Otto Quetseh, Tony Swanson, James H. Bowman, Joe Keil, P. Deinhart, John Malcolm, Gus. Faust. spoiled because a column was omitted which had been orally ordered, but not marked on the copy. To have such work done without being able to see proof necessitates the furnishing of clear copy. After all, there is perhaps noth¬ ing that causes so much trouble as misunderstandings regarding the guide edge to get the proper register and binding margins in running the various kinds of manifold blanks. From my experience I draw the conclusion that printer and binder should become closer related, have more confi¬ dence in one another — that is, feel more like one family. We who are interested in the business pertaining to paper, printing and books, should be well acquainted, not only personally, but with much of the detail of each other’s business. This would tend to create an interest in our craft which will amount to patriotism. Let us get right with ourselves. I do not believe in allowing any one to run down separate organizations, like so many volumes, but all belong¬ ing to one set or work. These organizations I would like to have appear in the eyes of the public like one uniform work, bound in loyalty, gilt-edged, rolled in gold and stamped with the title of “ Integrity,” which will command atten¬ tion and respect. “THE FINEST” COULDN’T MAKE ENDS MEET. An inquest was held at Oxford, England, recently on the body of George Oliver Miller, thirty-four, a compositor, of London, who had of late been employed at the University Press. It was stated that he was “ the finest compositor who ever put a hand to the stick,” but was worried at not being able to earn enough to meet his needs. A verdict of “ suicide whilst of unsound mind ” was returned. — The Printers’ Register. THE INLAND PRINTER 881 PR.ESSR.OOM Fountain Divider (504). — “Have you the firm name and address of the maker of a fountain divider which can be used on a cylinder press? ” Answer. — The American Type Founders Company, 203 Monroe street, Chicago, handle the Page Fountain Divider, the only one we are informed about. Cutting and Scoring Rules (503). — “ Kindly furnish us the addresses of makers of steel cutting and scoring rules.” Answer. — Hobbs Manufacturing Company, Wor¬ cester, Massachusetts; Helmold & Brother, corner A and Dominick streets, and Simonds Manufacturing Company, 825 Western avenue, Chicago. Duo-tone Printing Inks (515). — Submits a sample showing duo-tone effect with one impression and asks where such an ink can be purchased. We can not tell from the specimen who makes the ink. A similar sample sent to any of the following ink-houses will bring a response: Sigmund Ullman & Co., New York; Ault & Wiborg Com¬ pany, Cincinnati, Ohio; Chas. Helmuth, 355 South Clark street, Chicago. Crimping Machine (505). — “I enclose a sheet which I crimped with rule on a Gordon press. Would like the addresses of makers of a punch machine for loose-leaf ledger work, and also for an index cutter and crimping machine.” Answer. — The Latham Machinery Company, 195 South Clark street, Chicago, make a crimping machine, round-corner index cutter and paper-punch for loose-leaf ledger work. H. P. Roshack, Benton Harbor, Michigan, and John Braidwood, 207 Centre street, New York, also make index-cutting machines. . Suitable Ink for Furniture Cuts (512).— “ Will you kindly advise me as to what inks I can use to get the best results from half-tone cuts of furniture? One cut to bring out a golden oak effect.” Answer. — Much will depend upon the quality of the half-tone cut and the nature of the stock to be used. Presuming both to be the best, you should send a sample of the stock to your ink dealer and have him make or furnish you an ink which will match the brown tone of the furniture. These inks may be ordered so as to have a duo-tone effect with one impression. Several inkmakers handle these goods. Paste Penetrating Label Stock (507). — Submits samples of printed and embossed cigar-box labels. The work is done in three colors and is well applied. In a let¬ ter of inquiry the correspondent says : “ The samples enclosed are printed on litho label seconds. The ink dried all right, so the bronze was run last. But when the paste was applied and the label was rubbed tightly to the box the ink would not hold. I ran a gloss and a shellac var¬ nish over the printing, thinking it might retain the ink, but to no purpose. Will you suggest a remedy, so the labels may be used? ” Answer. — If the varnish had been 6-6 applied to the back of the label it would possibly have been of more service in preventing the moist paste from entering the stock and softening the coating of the stock. Paste- makers have a paste which is said to be nonpenetrating and will be suitable for this work, as it is very adhesive even when applied in a thin coating. Ink Rubs Off (509). — “ We print many broom labels, using the best grade of glazed label stock and also the best aluminum and gold inks. We find no trouble in working them, but after they are dry the ink rubs off the label; this is especially true of the steel-blue stock. Can you tell us what to do to remedy this condition?” Answer. — It may be possible that the gold or aluminum inks have been reduced. The inks in this condition will not adhere so well to highly finished stock. However, if you find that the inks have not been reduced, you should procure from your inkmaker a can of special body drier. The addition of a small quantity of this varnish to the ink will make it adhere with greater tenacity to the stock. Carbon Tissue for Marking-out (510) . — A Cincinnati pressman writes : “ In marking up a sheet for overlaying I place a sheet of carbon paper on the back of the sheet. By marking on the face of the sheet, the transfer from the carbon makes a number of visible lines on the back, to guide in spotting up. I have used this plan with success by starting with very light impression and building up. I see but few pressmen use this method and was wondering if this system has any merit.” Answer. — The use as an adjunct to make-ready of carbon tissue or other similar method of transferring for a mark-out sheet is to some extent in use, though modified in several ways. It does not, however, eliminate the close examination of the back of the sheet, and the consequent marking-out. Vignette Half-tone Cuts Make-ready (511). — “We would consider it a favor if you will state what is the best method of making vignette half-tone cuts ready.” Answer. — This form of question has come to us many times. The answer has been that those who can afford to take up the mechanical methods of half-tone cut make-ready will find the results are so far superior to hand-cut overlays that the latter method will be little used in general prac¬ tice. These mechanical overlays are of especial value on cuts of fine tone gradation, and also on long runs, as they stand up much better than the hand-cut variety. As the mechanical relief overlay is the general term applied to any of the three methods now in use, the buyer may select the method which seems best to suit the class of work he has in hand. A letter of inquiry addressed to any of the following firms will bring a response, giving the cost of shop rights and other particulars: Gilbert, Harris & Co., 158 East Harrison street, Chicago; The Perfect Overlay Company, York, Nebraska; Watselhan & Speyer, 183 William street, New York. Damp Rollers (508). — A North Dakota correspondent writes : “ Our rollers have been giving us trouble for a few days past by not taking ink. They appear in good condition otherwise. Our press is located in a damp base¬ ment, and as the weather has been moist for the last few weeks it may have caused it. We have tried drying them out, but this treatment does not help matters.” Answer. — If the press must be kept in a damp basement, the moist condition may be modified by proper ventilation. This may be accomplished by forced draughts. Unslacked lime heaped in out-of-the-way corners will accellerate the dry¬ ing of the air and make conditions more sanitary. As to the rollers: You should have summer rollers, as they are 882 THE INLAND PRINTER compounded with ingredients having less affinity for mois¬ ture than the rollers for winter use. In default of these you may make them workable by cleaning them with tur¬ pentine and rolling them on a dry, dusty floor several times, each time wiping' off the dust taken up by the moist surface. Some pressmen find powdered alum a means of removing the moisture from the surface of the rollers. This powder may be dusted over a table and the rollers may be rolled in the powder until its surface is no longer sticky. There are “ roller powders ” on the market which affect a cure of damp rollers in humid weather. Rule Form Slurring (506) .— Submits a statement printed on yellow bond-paper, paper cut double to enable the printing of the down and cross line rules at one impression. The make-ready and printing are well carried through, except for a slight blur on the down rules near the edge of the sheet. As the cross rules run off the edge of the sheet on that side it was not found practical to run the gripper close to the printing. The accompanying letter reads : “ In printing the enclosed job we had much trouble in trying to prevent a blur on the down rules. The press is a 12 by 15 platen, in apparent good order. Will appreciate any advice you may give us on running this job to prevent the blur on the rules.” Answer. — Presuming that the pressman has set his impression screws so that the form will print evenly on the four corners, the next step is to prepare a suitable tympan. This may consist of two or three sheets of thin, hard stock, with one sheet of three-ply board or a thin sheet of stencil brass. The make-ready will consist of a spot sheet on thin stock, which will be attached to the bot¬ tom sheet of the tympan. The sheet of three-ply board or the brass sheet will be placed above this sheet. When the guides are set and twine attached to the grippers near the top and the bottom of the sheet the run may begin. A slur may develop when the machine is run fast, which does not appear when run slowly. Attaching pieces of cork to the twine so that they will bear closely to the affected part will invariably remedy the trouble. The attaching of the bits of cork, which may vary in diameter from one-half inch or two inches, as the case demands, will require the careful judgment of the pressman, as these pieces work serious harm to a form if they become detached in opera¬ tion. Usually the cork is slit in two places and glue is inserted into the grooves before they are attached to the twine. The grippers may have holes, drilled with a No. 45 drill in the center, about one-fourth inch apart, for attach¬ ing the twine. The cork should not be less than five- sixteenths inch thick if they are to have a bearing on the wood furniture in the form. Unseasoned Stock (513). — The problem presented below by our correspondent seems to be one of the most difficult to handle. If any of our readers have overcome similar difficulties we would like to hear about it. “ We are having some trouble with the register on a three-color job. The sheet is 32 by 44 inch, enamel, basis of weight 25 by 38 — 60 pound. We have had the stock in the house three weeks, it being made to order. The sheets that were run through on the 27th and again on the 28th show that they are out six points on the back end of the sheet. To-day we ran a sheet through in one color and immediately ran it through again; the register is exact. The plates and form are in first-class condition, so it is quite likely that the shrinkage of the stock is the cause of the imperfect register. As it is, can you tell us how to overcome the trouble? ” Answer. — The stock being in the house three weeks might become seasoned if out of the cases and piled in the center of a well-aired pressroom. We have seen stock piled where three edges were exposed. The edge which was not exposed to the air, but came quite close to a brick wall, shrunk considerably during a run on a thirty- two-page form. In this instance it shows that stock if only partially exposed to the air will not season uniformly. While we do not know the conditions fully relative to the seasoning of the stock mentioned by our correspondent, it would appear that the back edge of the sheet shrunk while the balance of the sheet remained normal. If the stock as it is being printed is kept in approximately the same part of the room, and the trays or piles are covered with waste sheets there should be but little change in its condition. If, however, the stock is piled in front of windows where the sun beats in upon it, or where the edges are exposed to drafts on rainy or damp days, there is likely to be a change in its surface dimensions. To prevent any change taking place during a run, some pressmen have adopted the plan of laying a few sheets of paraffined paper on the trays, and when about 500 sheets are laid on, this moisture- proof paper is turned up about the edges of the stock, and a few sheets of the same paper is laid on top as a further cautionary measure. Excepting for the change which takes place by aeration as the sheets go through the press, little or no alteration is noticeable otherwise. As we are unable to offer any remedy for our correspondent’s difficulty, the foregoing suggestions may to some extent prevent a recur¬ rence of the trouble. Incomplete Make-ready (514). — Submits a section of a circular printed on white S. & S. C. stock. The back¬ ground of an outline cut and the catchjines of the type- page appear in a red orange. Excepting in the larger area of solids, the printing is smooth; the deficiency is due to the lack of spotting up in center of these parts. The pressman’s query is as follows: “ Will you please examine the enclosed circular and tell me why I did not secure a uniform color in the solids? The tint was made with a mixing yellow and a good red, and printed on a cylinder press.” Answer. — There was possibly no fault in the ink, except, perhaps, a surplus was used, as is shown by the type and the rule border. The principal error appears that in the make-ready the solids were not given enough tissues in the center. This condition leaves a weakness in the pressure and the ink is not properly deposited on the stock in consequence. In the make-ready of solids the first important step is to underlay the plate and make the printing surface at least approximately uniform, as will be shown by trial pulls. This being complete, the sheet, which is marked out and spotted up with tissue, will make the tympan surface uniform and cause a comparative equal pressure to be distributed. The make-ready and printing of trial sheets should carry less color to enable a better determination of impression, as full color will often cover inequalities which will appear when the run is under way. It is well to carry as much impression as the form will stand. This enables the work to be run with the minimum of ink. The smooth printing of solids tints is often marred by the mottled appearance of the print after it is dry. The speed of machine and condition of rollers and ink are the all-important features. As the ink in most instances is not made for a particular grade or surface condition of stock, it becomes the duty of the press¬ man to alter this ink. There are in the market many compounds for modifying inks for every special purpose. As these goods may be secured and tried out at a small outlay, it is essential that the progressive pressman should become acquainted with these time-savers. Almost all ink dealers carry special varnishes and other compounds to suit the varying conditions of stock. THE INLAND PRINTER 883 PROCESS ENGRAVING Queries re,Jardi..|J process endravind, and suggestions and experiences of engravers and printers are solicited for this de¬ partment. Our technical research laboratory is prepared to inves¬ tigate and report on matters submitted. For terms for this service address The Inland Printer Company. The Father of Half-tone Reproduction. — C. M. McDonald, Kalamazoo, Michigan, asks : “ What engraver or what artist is considered the father of half-tone reproduc¬ tion, and in about what year was it considered a successful medium? ” Answer. — It would require a volume to tell the whole story of the development of half-tone engraving. By referring to bound volumes of The Inland Printer you will find articles on the subject, by the present writer: “ The Father of Half-tone,” October, 1894, page 38; The First Half-tone Screens,” August, 1901, page 731 ; “ First Half-tone in a Daily Newspaper,” July, 1900, page 527. For Information About Photoengraving. — George L. Stacey, Easton, Pennsylvania, writes : “ In your edition of August, 1908, page 738, an albumen enamel solution is given for making prints on zinc. I have tried this solution with good results, but am unable to proceed further from this point. Will you kindly advise how the zinc is devel¬ oped up to the etching? If any of your previous editions contain this information I shall be very glad to promptly send my remittance for them.” Answer. — The complete source of the information you require is to be found in “ Handbook of Photoengraving,” by Jenkins, revised by Amstutz. It is supplied by the Inland Printer Company. Price, $3. To Coat a Copper Roll with Enamel. — M. S. Cham¬ bers, North Adams, Massachusetts, queries : “ I wrote you last September relative to coating a copper roll with sensi¬ tive enamel or albumen. Since that time I have made a number of experiments along those lines, but only with par¬ tial success. I can not get an even coating that I can be sure to resist well all over alike. Would you give me an idea as to the process used? ” Answer. — No one attempts to coat the roll with an enamel solution, for it would seem to be impossible to get an even coating. The method used is the carbon process, which you must learn before attempt¬ ing to get an engraving on a roll. Messrs. Tennant & Ward, 122 East Twenty-fifth street, New York, will supply you with a book on the carbon process' for 50 cents. Facts and Formulae for Processworkers. — From Tennant & Ward, 122 East Twenty-fifth street, New York, comes the “ Photographic Annual for 1909,” a compilation of “ Figures, Facts and Formulae of Photography,” edited by H. Snowden Ward, of the Process Engraver's Monthly. This is a book of 287 pages, divided into thirty-nine sections, and, though there are over two thousand separate para¬ graphs of information which every one working at any branch of photography should have at hand for reference, there are seven sections of special interest to processwork¬ ers. For example, there are six pages of lens facts ; six¬ teen pages on orthochromatic and color photography; seven pages on wet collodion, dry collodion and collodion emul¬ sion; to photomechanical operating in one and three color six pages are devoted; to photoengraving, both line and half-tone, nine pages; to collotype and photolithography, seven pages, and to photogravure, etc., two pages. Credit is given to The Inland Printer for many of the facts. The price of this book , is but 50 cents, with 8 cents for postage. In cloth $1, postage 10 cents. It can be had from the Inland Printer Company. Enamel in Hot Humid Weather.— G. W. R., Louis¬ ville, Kentucky, writes: “We are having considerable trouble with our enamel since the hot damp weather came in this year. It will not develop in the fine details and we have tried several formulas, some of them being Nos. 1, 2 and 5 in Amstutz’ book. We use Merck’s bichromate and dichromate ammonium, Le Page’s glue. We have tried Gluetop, and they all seem to work alike. In coating the plate we have used both. gas and oil stoves, developed in hot, warm and cold water. There is one thing we notice about the solutions. When a plate is coated and without exposure is held under the water tap to wash off, there always remains a veil or scum on the surface of the plate.” Answer. — Your last sentence would indicate that you are either heat¬ ing the plates too hot when drying or that the plate is exposed to too much light from the time it is dried until it is developed. Remember that all chemicals work quicker in hot weather. Probably your negatives are not so intense as they were in cooler weather? Try a print under a real dense negative. For myself I keep the enamel in a refrig¬ erator, just as I would milk or butter. The collodion is also kept on ice, except the quantity in use. If you will try this with your enamel your trouble will end. Asphaltum as a Resist. — John Johnsen, Brooklyn, New York, writes: “I used to be an engraver in the old country years ago, and now I want to go back to the busi¬ ness again to do engraving on a special metal for which I must use muriatic acid. I read The Inland Printer and I got the book on photoengraving, but Mr. Amstutz does not speak about asphaltum, which alone I used twenty- five years ago, when I did fine work. What is the matter with asphaltum? Is it no more used? ” Answer. — Asphalt, as it is called now, is too slow for this hurried age. As you must use it for your “ special metal,” the following method is suggested : Coat your special metal with an even film of asphalt, and this film can be much thicker than when using the asphalt as a sensitizer. When this film is dry, wash the greasy surface from it with a little alcohol or ammonia in water. Now flow over it one of the enamel solutions recommended by Amstutz and follow his instruc¬ tions as to the development. When the plate is dry develop it with turpentine, which will remove the asphalt from the portions of the metal you want to etch, the enamel coating protecting the asphalt in the light-hardened parts. In this way you get an asphalt acid resist on your metal, through a few minutes’ exposure to light, without the hours of exposure which asphalt alone would require. Shellac is an equally good acid resist and can be used in place of asphalt, only that alcohol is used to develop it instead of turpentine. Can You Answer These Questions? — While we are talking about the need of technical training among our processworkers, here are six of the thirteen questions asked of the students in photomechanical processes at the exam¬ inations closing the last school year in London. The ques¬ tions should be easy to answer by every photoengraver. See if you can answer them, reader: 1. What is meant by a “ physical ” and a “ chemical ” restrainer, respectively, in a developing solution for wet plates? Give examples. 2. What do you understand by the term “ fixation,” and why 884 THE INLAND PRINTER is the operation necessary? Explain the changes that take place during the fixing process. 3. Explain how you would produce direct from a drawing in color a cross-line screen negative suitable for making a type-high printing-block. 4. In the process of producing a half-tone relief block a copper plate bearing a resist is submitted to the action of a solution of ferric chlorid. What differences may be pro¬ duced in a series of similar plates in the etching process by varying the concentration of the iron chlorid solution, its temperature and the mode of its use? 5. What are the drawbacks to the use of zinc in the ordinary enamel process for the production of type-high blocks? What processes are available for the making of resists which avoid these disadvantages? 6. Give an outline account of any photo¬ graphic intaglio process which may be used for the produc¬ tion of copies of maps? The New Photoengraving. — Mr. Arthur Payne, who has succeeded in sensitizing zinc and copper plates so that they can be exposed in a camera like ordinary dry plates, has given us the most important improvement in photo¬ engraving in twenty-five years. He was kind enough to forward the editor of this department for trial the first of his ready-sensitized plates to reach America, so that The Inland Printer readers will get here the earliest exact information regarding this new method of photoengraving. The most severe tests were given to these Paynetype plates, as they are called, and it was found that the process is really as simple as the inventor claims it to be. The writer went into a newspaper office and photographed a line draw¬ ing ready for etching in thirteen operations, while the pres¬ ent process used on newspapers requires thirty-four opera¬ tions to reach the same result. A couple of half-tones were also engraved on Paynetype plates in the same office. It would appear that the most valuable feature of this inven¬ tion will be for newspapers in this way: An outdoor pho¬ tographer develops a negative of a news happening; from this negative a Paynetype zinc or copper plate can be made ready for the etcher in six operations, while the present operations are forty. Newspapers requiring a cartoon and a few half-tones can do this work readily in their own offices, for all the requirements for making three or four column cuts can be packed in a dress-suit case. There is not space here only to record that the first Paynetypes have been made in this country. The promise of this inven¬ tion is to introduce photoengraving into places and for pur¬ poses now unthought of. The writer will answer queries regarding this new method of engraving if a stamped envelope is sent to box No. 181, Glen Ridge, New Jersey. Black Specks in Half-tone Film. — Paul Hoelzel, St. Paul, Minnesota, writes : “ Being a reader of your publica¬ tion, though not a regular subscriber, I ask of you a little help in regard to some processwork trouble which I am hav¬ ing. I enclose you herewith a negative film, which please examine with a magnifying glass and note black spots of irregular size between screen dots. Can you give me the cause of same, and the remedy to overcome them? ” Answer. — The film sent might be called free from opaque specks compared with others that have been received. Without knowing the formula for collodion and condition of the silver bath used it is impossible to determine with certainty the cause of these specks. If one uses reliable chemicals, iodids, bromids and nitrate of silver, purchased from repu¬ table chemists, and has trouble with black specks in the developed collodion film, then it would be safe to attribute it to particles of dust, which have attached themselves to the sensitized film after the plate left the silver bath and before development. The most fruitful cause of this dust is the plateholder, which is crumbling away from the attacks of nitrite of silver. On drawing the slide hurriedly, dust is stirred up in the interior of the camera and this settles upon the moist, exposed plate. The slide laid on top of the bellows gathers dust. The focusing cloth gathers dust. In exposure for a half-tone, the screen protects the plate somewhat from this dust. Trouble is frequently caused by slamming the darkroom door, which fans up a cloud of dust from the floor and shelves, so that just before the developer is flowed over the plate enough dust falls on the plate to form black specks. In nearly every case of Reduced from a full-page wood-cut, engraved by the Eclipse Electrotyping & Engraving Company, Cleveland, Ohio. this trouble, reported to this department, it was found that the cause, was floating dirt particles, either in the camera or darkroom. The remedy, of course, is to dry out and shellac the interior of the plateholder frequently; to wipe out the interior of the camera with a damp cloth and keep the ground glass screen always in its place to keep dust out, and, further, to scrub out the darkroom, its shelves as well, and never leave loose chemicals around in paper. Cleanliness is economy in a wet-plate darkroom. Process and Lithography. — The application of pho¬ tography as an aid to lithography is certainly extending, says the British Journal of Photography, and it is possible that a majority of the new posters are partially produced by photography. The commonest method at present is to use the half-tone screen. The original sketch or photograph is pinned up and photographed, an ordinary continuous- tone negative being made. This can now be retouched, if necessary. From this negative a dot positive is made, using a fine cross-line screen if there is subsequently to be a big enlargement, as is often the case. This dot positive is then placed in an enlarging apparatus, and an enlarge- THE INLAND PRINTER 885 ment made on a wet collodion plate, giving a dot negative of the correct size. This plan has two advantages: first a very large screen is not required; secondly, the negative can be retouched and the positive may be reduced easily so as to get clean high lights quite free from dots if necessary. The lens is generally placed in the wall and the camera is formed by the darkroom itself, in which the wet plates are sensitized and placed upon an easel, which traverses run¬ ners so that correct focus can be easily attained. The nega¬ tive is then printed on stone, or more usually zinc or aluminum, just as an ordinary line print is made by means of bichromated albumen, and after development the work is treated for lithographic printing as usual. We know that some advertisers will not look at a lithograph, no matter how good it may be, if they can detect the screen dot in the print. In such a case an irregular grain screen should be employed, such as the metzograph. It can be used exactly in the same way as the cross-line screen, and it has the advantage that lithographic artists’ work can be added without the additions being so obvious as in the case of the cross-line screen. It will be possible to cure a customer of his prejudice against the cross-line screen by doing his first subject with the irregular grain, then with the cross-line, and letting him compare. For most subjects the greater detail and smoothness of the latter will make an appeal which is irresistible in spite of prejudice. The same process can be applied to two and three color printing, and more printings can be added of artists’ work. Where to Learn Drawing. — Joseph V. Guilfoyle, New York, writes to this department several letters which are types of others inquiring about how to learn to draw? What correspondence school to join? If it is not possible to get a position where they could learn drawing or design as well, etc.? Answer. — You say, Joseph, that you have a job at present in a bank. The first advice is, that you hang on to that job with both hands. J. Hopkinson- Smith became a successful painter while carrying on his work as an engineer. H. C. Coultaus, the best outline draftsman New York has, got his only schooling in drawing while a cash- boy in A. T. Stewart’s dry-goods store. F. S. Church, the painter, was a union soldier and a baggageman on a rail¬ road before becoming one of our leading artists. A. B. Frost, the best draftsman of farm life and hunting scenes this country ever had, worked with the writer on the Daily Graphic thirty years ago. He spent all his spare time making detailed sketches of everything in sight — old shoes and boots, umbrellas, chairs, tables, cats, dogs, horses, cows, street cars, boats and the people he saw in the cars, in the streets, everywhere. If you will look up an album of his drawings, published by Collier, you will find that he is a master of correct drawing of the common things around us. What I want to impress on you is, that you have subjects for sketching all around you. You are in the midst of a life class all the time — in the bank, the streets, cars, church, everywhere you go. And if you want to succeed as an artist you must learn to draw, and you can learn that better in your Fifteenth street, New York, than in Florence, Italy or Paris, if you but make up your mind to draw, sketch, design, all the time you can spare, and tackle everything in sight until you get your eye and hand trained. Then you can settle down to some special line of work for which you may show unusual talent, and in which there is a living, providing you' can mix the talent with brains. Speaking of a living, permit me to add that, from my long association with talented artists, I would con¬ clude there is more possibility of a living and a happy long life handling a spade and pitchfork on a farm than some of the best artists secure through their talents. FINGERS OF SCORN AT THE JOB OFFICE. BY C. F. MC LAUGHLIN. BVERY once in a while some newspaper or trade-journal writer takes a “ slap ” at the “ job-office.” The theme is usually on the pricercutting that prevails in the “ little shop,” and the great benefit that accrues to a town through the presence of the newspaper, an argument intended to impress the prospect with the importance of bringing all his jobwork to the newspaper office. Admitting the truth of many of the accusations made, are these writers always animated by pure motives? By way of illustration: The writer is intimately acquainted with the conditions that prevail in a little city of five thou¬ sand people, in which there are four newspaper and job shops and one exclusive job shop. The entire set of four newspapers persecute the one job shop mercilessly on the plea that the job shop “ cuts prices.” The management of this same job shop is ready and willing (and has given out this information many times to competitors) to organize for mutual protection and for the purpose of adopting a uniform schedule of prices or taking any other organized steps to protect the trade from injus¬ tice, either among themselves or from the purchaser who has the habit of playing one printer against the other in an effort to cut down prices on printing. This one job shop, also, is the only shop in the town that maintains a cost record or any system whatever in handling jobwork. This one job shop employs as many skilled laborers (which jour¬ neymen certainly are, judging from their experiences) as any job and newspaper shop in town, thereby contributing industrially to the town in the same degree that the other shops do. These four newspaper- job shops steadfastly refuse to enter into any agreement, either among themselves or with the job shop. How many of the newspaper men who read this illustration will size up the situation in their own towns and examine their own attitude toward the job- printer, with a view to cooperating with rather than per¬ secuting the job-office? CATALOGUE OF CRESCENT FOLDERS. A sumptuous publication partaking of the nature of both catalogue and specimen-book is being distributed by the Crescent Embossing Company, of Plainfield, New Jersey. The book has thirty-six sheets of illustrations of Cres¬ cent folders, suitable for announcements, programs, etc., arranged so that the printer can show his customer exactly what the finished job will be like. The former plan of mounting samples on loose sheets proved to be an unsatis¬ factory and expensive undertaking, and the present cata¬ logue was prepared so that the specimens might be always preserved clean and fresh for the inspection of the cus¬ tomer. The book measures 12 by 14 inches and contains numerous examples of folders printed and embossed on each leaf. Each specimen is full size and in the exact colors of the original. The cover is heavily embossed in color and gold, and provides a fitting introduction to the workmanship displayed on the specimens, which are mag¬ nificent both as regards design and execution. The Crescent Embossing Company purpose issuing 5,000 of these books, which will be distributed among the first- class job printers of the United States. The folders illus¬ trated will be standard goods for two years at least, and printers will use the book to order from for a long time after that. 886 THE INLAND PRINTER NEWSPAPER WORK ,.rsX“r,‘i ■ lz THE INLAND PRINTER 887 £!r^s:asii, :*tr ss The Inland Printer’s twenty-seventh ad. -setting contest. As soon as possible after the close of the contest the ads. are made up into sets and a package mailed to each con¬ testant. By the time this issue of The Inland Printer reaches its subscribers each contestant should have received his set of specimens, and any who have failed to receive a package should send notice at once. San Antonio to Washington on Horseback. — Presi¬ dent Taft will receive about October 1 a beautifully embossed message, inviting him to partake of the hospi¬ tality of San Antonio during his southern and western trip, if the plans of the San Antonio (Texas) Light and Gazette are completed as planned. E. S. O’Reilly, editor of the Light and Gazette, is now on his way to Washington bearing the message, having left San Antonio July 31. He is riding the cow pony, Aransas, raised on the ranch of Charles P. Taft, and is dressed in cowboy fashion, blue- flannel shirt, a red bandanna handkerchief knotted around his neck, the big hat of the plains, leather chaps and jingling spurs. This ride of 2,200 miles, which is expected to consume about sixty-five days, is a remarkable feat of endurance, and horse and rider are alike objects of great interest. Large Type and the Lay Mind. — A recent issue of the Silver Standard reprints from the Quincy (Mass.) Herald of 1846 an item showing the effect of large type upon the minds of the readers of that paper when, through stress of circumstances, the reading pages were set in great primer. The editor had been out of town and upon his return was informed that it would be impossible to get the paper out on time and set it in the usual type. “ Then set it in great primer,” was the response. The editor tells the rest of the story as follows : “ Our directions were fol¬ lowed and the paper was duly distributed around town on publication day. Walking down the street, not far behind the carrier, we observed him hand a paper to an elderly lady, who exclaimed as we were passing, ‘La, husband, see what a nice paper we have got this week; I can read it without my spectacles.’ ‘ Why,’ observed the old gentle¬ man, ‘ so can I.’ ‘ I wonder why they don’t always print it so,’ observed the lady. ‘ Oh, I suppose they can’t afford it,’ replied the old man.” Good Ad. Display. — Among the many ads. received this month was a package from W. W. Drummond, of the Odessa (Mo.) Democrat, and I am reproducing a few of them, as they show correct ideas of display. In all four of the ads. (Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4) it will be noticed how nicely the display is “ squared up,” both at top and bottom. This is one of the secrets of a well-balanced ad. An ad. with a short line at the top is seldom effective and should be avoided whenever possible. In No. 1 Mr. Drummond has carried the “ squaring-up ” idea all through with the exception of the two lines at the bottom in italic, and even here the same effect could have been had by moving “ King Quality Shoes, Stetson Hats ” to the right until it lined with “ Hart, Schaffner & Marx Clothes.” “ The home of ” could then have been given similar treatment to “ of This Store is ” at the top of the ad. The other three ads., while not unusual in arrangement, show good balance and con¬ trast. In No. 2 a little better contrast could have been secured by setting “ The Flours that Made Odessa Famous ” one size smaller. In Nos. 5 and 6 we have two ads., set by E. J. McHenry, of the Oakland (Cal.) Tribune, showing how easy it is for a good compositor to get up striking ads. in the rush of daily newspaper work without the use of rules or complicated composition of any kind. The matter is set so that it squares up nicely around the 888 THE INLAND PRINTER Lafayette Patent • Odessa Rose The Flours that Made Odessa Famous BAGGARLY MILLING COMPANY J. T. FERGUSON. P WALTER POWELL. A Farmers Bank of Odessa Capital Stock $30,000 The Man With One Dollar who wants a safe place to s of this Bank. BANK OF ODESSA Scott, of the Bonner Springs (Kan.) Chieftain, sends among others the half-page ad. reproduced (No. 7). Here was an opportunity to use panels most effectively — the matter in the ad. lends itself excellently to such an arrange¬ ment. There should have been a rule around the cut, with a corresponding panel below for the signature, and two or Special $J0£2 Youth’s SUITS Money -Back Smith No. 5 No. 6 Good time-saving ads., set in the rush of daily newspaper work. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4. — ■ Examples of well-balanced ads., showing the good effects secured by squaring up the display at top and bottom. cuts, obviating the necessity of rule panels, which, while very effective, consume too much time to be practical in the stress on a big city daily. Among the other composi¬ tors who sent in good ads. is Rudolph Smith, of the Big Timber (Mont.) Pioneer. One of Mr. Smith’s ads. is a full page, with a neat arrangement of panels, but he makes the mistake of using condensed type for practically all of the display. This is not pleasing to the eye in any ad. and is all the more noticeable in one of this size. Barnes & G. W. Larue & Co. Real Estate, Loans and Insurance We have Buyers for Bargains and Bargains If you want to buy, sell or ( call. We have bargains in far of Eastern Washington and Nc have bargains in Spokane bu£ lands in all parts hern Idaho. We ess and residence ity property. nake our office your head- Spokane Office: 2d Floor Exchange JVat’I Bank Bldg. Colfax Office: Ground Floor Fraternity Block. No. 8.^- An ad. where: three panels on either side. Then the trade-marks in either corner should have had rules around them, and two large panels at the top would have completed a very pleas¬ ing arrangement. John Jones, of the Colfax (Wash.) Gazette, makes good use of old material and I am repro¬ ducing one of his ads. (No. 8). The use of only one series THE INLAND PRINTER 889 of type in an ad. is usually very artistic, but it is occa¬ sionally advisable to use more than one. In this instance it would have been better to set the type in the panel in a different but harmonizing face, as there is too much dis¬ play of the same size. Newspaper Criticisms.— The following papers were received, together with requests for criticism, and brief suggestions are made for their improvement: Montclair (N. J.) Times. — -The several issues of your paper show that much attention is given to all details of make-up, and the result is a very attractive paper. The use of so many of the black lines, “ Subscribe to the Times,” is a disfigurement, and I doubt if they would ever result in a single subscription. Estherville (Iowa) Democrat. — The five-column box heading, “ The Great Chautauqua,” was a fitting caption for your first-page story, but the page and the story both would have been more attractive if it had been broken up with a number of sub-heads. I note that you are running your page of short local items without any heading whatever. I have often thought that the many variations of “ Local News ” as captions for such a page were unnecessary, and your local page looks so well without any that I am convinced that custom is the only reason for using such headings. Laomi (Iowa) Chronicle. — Aside from a slight unevenness in color, there is only one defect in the Chronicle which might be remedied : your column, “ Some Items of Local Interest,” is nearly all paid matter. As has been advocated many times in this department, these paid locals should be run under a separate heading. Suppose you use something like this : “ Local Business Items — Showing Where Money Can Be Saved, or Spent to the Best Advantage.” Business men will find that their items, run in such a column, will bring just as good results, even greater, as the reader will skip paid items in weeding out the news, but, if the business locals are run sepa¬ rately, after he has finished the news, he will read them. NEWSPAPER VS. MAGAZINE. RDBITIN, BY OMI KIYI. When the monthlies wish to reach The people, to increase their speech, Do they through, the monthlies screech ? . Not on your life. Down in their jeans they reach for scads To pay for daily half-page ads. They want returns, not simply fads, You bet your life. Of all the jewels we admire The one that shines with constant fire — Consistency. — Philadelphia Press. ADS. OF CHEER. When the night has been hot And you rise from your cot Feeling robbed of your rest, Feeling dull and depressed, Feeling dismal and dumpy and drear, When you leave for the Loop With ambition a-droop, How gaysome and glad Is the street car ad. That hands you this message of cheer : WHEN YOU ARE DEAD We will look after the loved ones at home. We will care for them better than you did. Insure at once with the Widow & Orphan’s Insurance Co. YOU DIE. WE DO THE REST ne-o’-Type or Two,” in Chicago Tribune. HOW TO SECURE HIGHER RATES FOR ADVER- TISING. BT has been said that if you tell a man what he already knows to be true first, that he will believe everything else you tell him afterward. In publishing a trade paper, for example, if you tell your readers that a certain thing should be done in a certain way, and a man reads it who agrees with that way of doing it, he says, “ That editor knows what he is talking about,” and when he reads something else, describing some other proc¬ ess about which he may know very little, he takes it for granted that the editor knows in this instance also what he is talking about; and if this particular process should be the subject of discussion among his friends, he will swear that the editor’s way is the only way that it should be done. Hasn’t that been your experience? In accord with this peculiarity in human nature, I am going to begin by telling you something which you already know, in the hope that the advice which I shall have the temerity to give you a little later will be received with equal credence and result in some individual action, at least. The statement which I will make, and which you all know is true, is, briefly, that advertising rates should he higher. That is absolutely true, isn’t it? The statement does not need amplifying. Every pub¬ lisher knows that he is conducting business on too close a margin. Every publisher should have his name on his own pay-roll for at least twice as much as his best-paid employee. He not only has the whole responsibility, but he works many more hours than any other man in his shop, all of whose comings and goings are regulated by the clock. In addition to his salary his business should yield him a dividend on his investment. You are entitled to both — a salary and a dividend. Perhaps you get a salary, but no dividend. Perhaps you get a dividend, but no salary. Per¬ haps you get neither salary nor dividend, but get your living out of trade-advertising accounts, with occasionally a little cash when there is any left over after the office help have had their share. Am I too severe? If I am, my excuse is that I was brought up on a country paper and am speaking from expe¬ rience. I was one of the office help and there frequently wasn’t enough cash to supply my weekly envelope, let alone one for the publisher. And the paper had a circulation of something like 2,500, too, and usually ran two nine-column pages extra to accommodate the advertising patronage. What is the answer? Simply that advertising rates are too low. And why are they too low? Because the country pub¬ lisher has fixed the selling price of his only commodity — advertising — without knowing its cost. The greatest of all fallacies — the belief that every inch of advertising, no matter what the price received, is so much gain — - has been allowed to take possession of the publisher’s mind until in some instances he has been convinced by a form-letter from an advertising agency that he can insert a patent-medicine cut for nothing and save money. Isn’t that a fact, gentle¬ men? It matters not what the circulation of a country weekly or daily may be, if it reaches the people of its community, the advertising in that paper is worth a price that will pay the publisher a salary and a dividend that will enable him * Address made at convention — B. L. Taylor, “ Lin of New York State Press Association. 890 THE INLAND PRINTER to live on an equal footing with any of his home merchants, on an equal footing with the local physician or local bank president. These men are enabled to live in the style in which they do out of the profits of their business. Isn’t the editor entitled to just as good a living? Doesn’t it require just as much intelligence, just as much learning, just as much capital to run a newspaper as it does to be a physician or a banker? But I started to say a word about the price of adver¬ tising as related to circulation. There are papers, of course, which have very small circulations, do not cover their fields, and whose publishers have not sufficient enter¬ prise to get out journals which are worth reading, and who have not sufficient energy to get the subscribers even if they do. The advertising in such papers is not worth any¬ thing and they should cease to exist as soon as possible. It is safe to say that there are none such in this association. But such exceptions only prove this rule. The great majority of papers, such papers as you represent, gentle¬ men, reach the people of their communities and reach them in a way and in such numbers as no other form of adver¬ tising can reach them. If a paper has one thousand sub¬ scribers, and that number of subscribers represents at least a majority of the homes of its community, then that paper is entitled to higher rates than are customarily charged. But you agreed with me on this point from the start, and in my paper I was to tell you how to secure higher rates. Shall I give you the answer in a sentence? Any pub¬ lisher may secure higher rates for advertising simply by having the courage of his convictions. By simply having a little backbone. The principle reason why advertising rates on country papers have been ground down to such a ridiculously low figure is because the advertising agencies have been pound¬ ing away for years trying to reach rock bottom. In thus apparently placing the blame on the advertising agencies, don’t think that I am antagonistic to the agency. Quite the contrary. I have many friends among the agencies, and I know them to be about the most capable and brightest lot of men in the country. They are not to be blamed for buying advertising at the lowest possible rate any more than you are to be blamed for buying paper or ink at the best price. On the contrary, they are to be admired. If they can convince the country publisher that his rate is too high and succeed in making a contract at a lower price, they have demonstrated their superior ability. The blame does not lie with the agency, but with the country pub¬ lisher who has not the backbone to say, “ I know that I can not afford to accept that advertising at one cent less than such a figure, and I’ll not accept this contract at any less price if I never get a line of business from you or from any one else.” You are all familiar with the correspondence tactics when a contract is to be placed. I could devote an hour to citing instances, but one will suffice : Down in Ohio the rep¬ resentative of a manufacturer visited many towns, calling on the local druggists and endeavoring to get them to lay in a Stock of a certain article. It was a part of his contract with each druggist that an advertisement of a certain size would be run a certain number of times in the local paper or papers. He was under contract with the druggist to do this advertising. An advertising agency was given the copy with instructions to place it in a certain list of papers. Then the correspondence started. All the familiar argu¬ ments were advanced for a low rate: the advertisement was a plate, requiring no composition ; it was a good-sized contract and, if the advertiser secured returns, other busi¬ ness would surely follow. At last an offer is made, a ridiculously low one, of course; the publisher squirms and tries to make a display of backbone, several letters are exchanged, the agency raises its offer slightly and states that this is absolutely the best they can do; that accept¬ ance must be immediate or the incident will be closed. The publisher “ runs for cover,” fearing that otherwise he will lose the business. Can you blame the agency? It was a case of who had the most backbone. The business would have come to every publisher on that list at his full rate if he had only stood firm. When an advertising agency asks you to take an adver¬ tisement in a newspaper directory, charging you $25 for a 2 by 4 space, did you ever try to get them to take $24.90? You know it would be useless. It is possible, easily pos¬ sible, for you to place yourself in a position where the agency will know that it is equally useless to ask you to cut a rate. Some of you may have read the advertising-rate cards which were published in The Inland Printer during the winter months. These rates are higher in many instances than publishers are asking now, but they are not near as high as they should be. The only reason I did not make them higher was because I knew the publishers would not have the courage to demand higher rates, and that the pur¬ pose of the cards — the use of a uniformly graded rate — would be defeated. The first essential, then, to securing higher rates is backbone. Backbone may be cultivated, and it is in just such meetings as these, where publishers receive the impetus necessary to send them forth with renewed energy and renewed determination, that the groundwork for a stiffened vertebrae is obtained. The good fellowship which comes from publishers get¬ ting together in these State meetings is only exceeded by that coming from publishers getting together locally, dis¬ cussing local problems and agreeing on a remedy for exist¬ ing evils and for the general betterment of each other’s business. I know just how impossible some of the publish¬ ers think this to be, but it is not as impossible as you think it is. I wish I had time to cite instances where the impossible has been made possible. I’ll give just one : The secretary of a commercial association in an Illinois city where there are four newspapers proposed a dinner to be given by the asso¬ ciation to the proprietors of these four papers. The secre¬ tary was a new man in town and he was told that it would be impossible to get them together — that if they did come it would be necessary to search each one in an ante-room, as they were liable to shoot each other on sight, and so forth. But he visited each man, personally told each one that the others were coming — and they were all there. The meet¬ ing opened with every publisher on the defensive. But the secretary explained that his object in holding the meeting was to get suggestions from the publishers on how to induce the local merchants to do more advertising. How he thought that united effort on the part of the publishers, backed by the association, should accomplish the purpose. And it did. There is no question but that the good fellowship of such meetings, and of these State meetings, will do much to promote the necessary backbone that will enable a pub¬ lisher to demand the higher rates for advertising to which he knows he is entitled, and to insist that under no circum¬ stances should a rate be cut. Another thing which deters a publisher from demanding higher rates or increasing rates is a lack of confidence in THE INLAND PRINTER 891 the ultimate outcome. If what I have to say along this line will in a measure promote that confidence I will feel that I have not asked you to listen in vain. I have been investigating instances where publishers have increased rates, and I want to say that in not one single case have I found that a publisher lost revenue through such action. Revenue, mind you. He may not be publishing as many columns of advertising, he may have lost some lifelong accounts, but the amount of money received has been greater. The publisher who frequently may have been obliged to print a couple of extra pages has found that the extra pages were not necessary, and in such instances has not only a larger revenue but less expense. But, you may ask, how shall I go about raising rates? How can I secure higher rates when my rates now are higher than those of my competitor, and he really has the larger circulation? Let me cite an instance of just this kind — an instance in which I had a personal interest — a daily paper in a city where there were three other daily papers.. This, particular paper had a circulation of barely one-third that of the lead¬ ing paper and scarcely more than the paper at the bottom of the list. The most popular contract was a four-inch ad. daily, and the paper with the highest circulation had a lower rate on this particular ad. than the paper I am con¬ sidering. Notwithstanding this condition, this paper took a firm stand for a rate that was absolutely fixed. With every con¬ tract went a guarantee that no other advertiser in the paper was receiving a lower rate for the same service. The books were open to inspection and any advertiser was at liberty to ask any other advertiser what he was paying. The new rate was put into effect on every new contract, old advertisers being allowed to retain the rates under which they had been running for years. After a few weeks every old advertiser was notified that one year from date their rates would be increased to the new rates. In the meantime, they were invited to use all the extra space they desired. The lowest rate on the new card was 15 cents an inch, and there was one advertiser running a column and a half a day, who had been in the paper ever since it started, ten years before, always paying the same rate of approxi¬ mately 6% cents an inch. This meant an increase of over one hundred per cent — ■ one hundred and twenty-two per cent, to be exact. Of course, there were many other cases where there were material increases, but this was the extreme instance. The rate question was kept prominently before the peo¬ ple both through the paper and by the means of circular letters, and just before the year was up each old advertiser was notified what the charge would be beginning with a certain issue for the space he was using regularly, and also the exact amount of space which the money he was then paying would buy. Of course, a few accounts were lost, among them the advertiser who had been using a column and a half every issue. He was visited regularly once a month, and fre¬ quently calls were made at other times, with no greater result than an opportunity to discuss the merits of the pub¬ lisher’s position. At the close of a rather heated argument one day, when the publisher suggested that the advertiser resume, he told the publisher he “ would see him in hell first.” But, just 364 days after the ad. was dropped it ap¬ peared again, at the new rate, and has been running ever since. The second year the publisher received more for the one year’s advertising than he would have done in the two years if the ad. had continued as before. On the date when this ad. was resumed there was only one other old advertiser who was still out — a four-inch ad. — which never was resumed. This illustrates clearly “ how advertising rates may be increased.” It simply required confidence — nerve — back¬ bone. When you start out the local advertiser, like the one just cited, may think you haven’t got “ the courage of your convictions”; he may consider that you are “bluffing”; that you are perfectly harmless and don’t really mean what you say. But, later, when he discovers that you have more life and more stamina than he gave you credit for, he may become somewhat confused, the same as Pat did when he investigated the turtle. Perhaps you have heard the story of how Pat discovered a turtle outside the door of a restaurant — one of those big fellows, with a sign over the cage in which he was confined, “ Turtle soup to-morrow.” Pat passed it on his way to work in the morning, and, on his way back home in the afternoon, he stopped to investigate. The proprietor of the restaurant, happening to glance out the door, saw Pat hold¬ ing his finger. He at once concluded that Pat had become too venturesome and said, “ You big chump, didn’t you know better than put your finger in there? ” “ No sor, no sor,” Pat replied; “ but, sor, wud ye plase answer won quistion? ” “ Sure, my man, what is it? ” “ Plase, sor, which end of the animal is pointed this way? ” “ Why, Pat, don’t you know a turtle when you see it? That’s his head, of course.” “ Thank ye, sor, thank ye; I didn’t know whether I was bit or stung.” SCOUTS THE IDEA OF CORNSTALK PAPER. The name of Barber is familiar wherever paper is used in Canada, and their mills at Georgetown, Ontario, are among the best-known in the Dominion. Recently the pres¬ ident of the concern, John R. Barber, wrote the Toronto Star as follows : “ Re your article of Saturday last, concerning the won¬ derful discovery by the United States Government experts at Washington that very good and very cheap paper could be made out of cornstalks, let me inform you that paper was made from cornstalks at the Georgetown Paper Mills over thirty-five years ago. At that time the mill was mak¬ ing print paper from straw, bought at $6 per ton, and sell¬ ing the products at 10 cents per pound. The process for working cornstalks and straw was the same then as now, and has not been materially improved upon since. Chem¬ icals, however, are much cheaper, and a percentage of these are now recovered and used over again. Paper can be made to-day out of straw cheaper than from cornstalks in mostly every State of the Union, and paper from either of them would cost twice as much as you are now paying for your daily supply of news. No discovery or invention of man will increase the percentage of cellulose in a ton of straw or cornstalks, and not until pulp-wood is worth at least $20 per cord will either of them become a factor in making paper suitable for printing. The best that the inventor can be expected to do now will be to keep down the advancing cost of printing-paper. To you, as a paper buyer, I would say, make your contract this year, and make it for as long a period as the papermaker will give it to you. Printing- paper is cheaper to-day than it will ever be again in the his¬ tory of the paper trade. The cost will advance with the cost of lumber, and that lumber will continue to advance I don’t think any one is prepared to doubt.” 892 THE INLAND PRINTER ELECTKOTYPING STEREOTYPING Correspondence relating to this department is respectfully invited from electrotypers, stereotypers and others. Individual experiences in any way pertaining to the trade are solicited. Inquiries will receive prompt attention. Differences of opinion regarding answers- given by the editor will receive respectful con¬ sideration. Address, The Inland Printer Company, Chicago. Blocking Wood. — R. P. writes: “ What, in your judg¬ ment, is the best kind of wood to use for blocking electro¬ types, particularly for electros of rather large size? Is mahogany preferable to cherry or birch? ” Answer. — Unquestionably mahogany is the best and most reliable wood for blocking, because it is the straightest-grained, and if dried carefully and thoroughly it is the least apt to warp. However, the best grade of mahogany is so expensive that very few electrotypers and stereotypers in this country use it. Oak has been experimented with extensively, and some growths are all right, but it is unreliable. Birch is also hard, but warps easily. Cherry is used almost exclusively now, and is generally satisfactory. For mounting large plates cherry may be obtained in the form of glued-up, narrow strips about two inches wide, from one to three feet long, and planed to any desired thickness. Direction of Current. — A. P. inquires: “ Can you tell me which way the current flows in depositing a copper shell? ” Answer. — According to a modern theory, there are two currents, flowing in opposite directions, one repel¬ ling and the other attracting. The popular theory, how¬ ever, is that the current flows from anode to cathode. The following excerpts are from well-known authorities on the electrodeposition of metal : “ It is universally true that when any solution is electrolyzed, the electropositive ele¬ ment or metal is deposited on the plate toward which the current flows in the bath and by which it leaves the solu¬ tion. Within the copper zinc cell the current flows from the zinc to the copper.” — A Treatise on Electrometallurgy, W. G. MacMillan, page 26. “ If a plate of zinc and a plate of copper are immersed together in a conducting fluid and connected by a metallic wire, the electricity of the positive zinc passes through the fluid to the negative copper and returns through the wire to the zinc.” — Electrodeposition of Metals, Dr. George Langbein, page 28. “ The positive pole, or that by which the current enters the solution, is termed the anode. The negative pole, or that by which the current leaves the solution, is called the cathode. The anode employed in electrotyping is always of copper. It leads the current into the solution.” — Electrotyping , Urquhart, page 7. “An electric current proceeds from the more positive metal through the liquid to the negative one, and its direc¬ tion is shown by that of the movement of the galvanometer needles.” — The Electrolytic Separation of Metal, George Gore, page 55. “ In every type of galvanic cell one of the plates is always eaten up and upon the other plate some element is deposited. In all galvanic cells, when the ter¬ minals are connected through a wire, the positive electric¬ ity flows from the uneaten plate to the eaten one.” — First Course in Physics, Milliken & Gale, University of Chicago. Matrices Sticking to Cast. — The following is from a Western correspondent: “ I am mailing you, under separate cover, one of our matrices for examination. The cast is first- class, but we have a good deal of trouble to get off the matrix after the casting. Sometimes we have simply to tear the matrix to pieces. We leave the matrix in the steam-table about fifteen minutes (80° of steam), and when it comes from the table we dry the matrix for about five minutes and put on some French chalk. No oiling is done before putting the matrix on the form. I thought something might be wrong with matrices, but they are all first-class. Please tell me how to overcome the trouble.” Answer. — Your matrix has the appearance of having been made with a brush, although the paper is the quality usually employed only for rolling-machine matrices. This paper is not suitable for brushwork. It is too soft, allowing the brush to cut through in places and thus making small holes for the metal to run through. If you employ the brush process, you should use brush paper, which may be obtained from dealers in stereo¬ type papers. If you use a rolling machine, your paste has too little body or is not used in sufficient quantity between the blotters, or is not sufficiently adhesive. A good paste, which is suitable for either brush or roller matrices, may be made as follows: Take 3 pounds flour, 1% pounds starch, 1 pound of whiting, 1 tablespoonful of carbolic acid and 8 quarts of water. Cook thoroughly in a steam- jacketed ket¬ tle, if possible. It should not be necessary to leave your form on the steam-table more than five to seven minutes. It would be well to brush the form over with a little light oil before molding. Electrotype Embossing Plates. — “ I had an inquiry the other day if I could make some electrotype dies to be used in manufacturing imitation leather articles. It seems that the cost of brass or steel dies for this work is very high. Have you ever heard of any method of doing this kind of work? ” Answer. — Two or three years ago the Wesel Manufacturing Company published the following suggestion in their house organ, and it might prove of value, although the writer does not know of any foundry that has made experiments along the line : “ The leather it is desired to reproduce should be first cut to the size of the die wanted and then glued to a solid lead base. Keep the leather well weighted down, taking the precaution to insert several thicknesses of soft cloth between the weight and the face of the leather. After the glue is dry, surround the leather with smooth strips of zinc or copper, fastening them to the metal base, which should be large enough for that purpose. Some leather will be hard enough to stand molding in ordinary wax or ozokerite, but it would be safer to incorporate an extra amount of vaselin in filling the case to be used. Shave the case and warm it from the face, and not from the back, so as to have the softest wax on the out¬ side, and then take the mold of the leather in the ordinary manner. The mold must be left in the bath until a shell three points (%4 inch) thick has been deposited. In a rapid depositing tank this can be done in three hours, but some tanks will require a day or more for this operation. Back the plate in the usual way and afterward shave it down just to the copper. This will give a solid plate with the least possible amount of lead. The enormous pressure of the embossing press will be sufficient to flatten out any ordi¬ nary electrotype at the corners. For this reason the plate must be sweated onto an iron base that has been carefully planed to an even thickness. A plate made according to these directions will give good satisfaction when used as an embossing die for some textures of leather and will last as long as a more expensive engraved die.” THE INLAND PRINTER 893 Written for The Inland Printer. THE I. T. U- CONVENTION. BY W. B. PRESCOTT. ■ISAPPOINTMENT was expressed at St. Joseph, Missouri, that the fifty-fifth session of the International Typographical Union was not from every viewpoint the banner assemblage of union printers. The magnificent showing made in the officers’ reports — noted in these columns last month — should have been fol¬ lowed by the grandest demonstration in the history of the organization, thought observant onlookers. The gathering at St. Joseph was far from being that. The printing popu¬ lation is on the Atlantic coast and fringes the great lakes, and it is a far cry from there to western Missouri. But the expense is not all; the Northerner is more afraid of southern heat in August than the Southerner is of mid¬ winter northern frost. Then, St. Joseph — it is- never vul¬ gar “ St. Joe ” in the mouths of soft-spoken natives — does not possess any great natural attractions. It has had a marvelous growth in the last few years, but it has no points of historic interest like Boston; mountains like Denver, or means to indulge in the amphibious life as have a score of cities. It takes something more than vigorous growth and a mayor who is a raconteur, glad-hander and prime palaverer to make a national-convention city. If the visitors — Mayor Clayton said sixteen hundred came to town — - did not number as many as have attended other conventions, the accredited delegates touched high- water mark as to numbers, and were far beyond the aver¬ age as to mental capacity. Had there been great questions of policy up for decision, the St. Joseph convention would have acquitted itself creditably. Experience, sincerity and ability were there in abundance. It so happened, however, that there was no issue peculiarly within the province of the convention to determine. The noise made by contestants attracted most attention to the next convention city. The lid is on in St. Joseph on Sunday and the boosters from Salt Lake, Minneapolis and Atlanta proceeded to make a dry Sunday look like a good thing to the thirsty. When the open season came around, the Salt Lake and Minneapolis delegations hired bands, which added to the din, and also the misery of those whom the intense heat prevented from wooing the drowsy god. One group of musicians gave brassy renditions of “ Hot Time ” and other supposedly popular airs till 3 a.m. There was printed matter galore and views were displayed at the moving-picture theaters. The Atlantans did not indulge in instrumental music or pictorial films, but the boosters and their wives and sisters, even while sweltering under Old Sol’s fiercest rays, talked enthusiastically of the temperate days and cool nights in their beloved Gateway City. Neither the wonders of Utah and the road thereto, nor the charm of the Southerners with their plaintive appeal, could prevail against visions of the cool lakes and green isles that cluster round Min¬ neapolis, which received 129 votes to 40 for Atlanta and 16 for Salt Lake. The rivalry displayed in this contest pro¬ duced the bright spot of convention week and possibly set a new standard for like struggles in future. Formerly the expenses incident to entertaining a convention began when the delegates arrived. Now it begins two years earlier, when the ambitious union is entered in the race. Salt Lake and San Francisco announced that they wanted the honor in 1911, while Winnipeg is in the field for the following year. Rumors of other selections moved the delegate from Pon¬ tiac, Illinois, to make an elaborate forecast, after which he shouted from the housetops that his town bespoke the gath¬ ering for 1942. THE LOS ANGELES AFFAIR. For the first few days after the solons assembled, there were prophets who assured the rank and file that before the week was over there would be sizzling periods on the convention floor. The Pacific coast unions were repre¬ sented as being enraged at the conduct of affairs in Los Angeles by President Lynch and his appointees. The con¬ test between the union and Gen. Harrison Gray Otis’ Times was at the bottom of these prophecies. Similar pre¬ dictions have been made at the past five or six conventions, but the prophets of 1909 were sure they had the material which would produce the promised thrill. Printed docu¬ ments from Los Angeles union were distributed — which strangely enough, first saw the light in the hated and boy¬ cotted Times. Their headlines looked portentous and men¬ acing to Mr. Lynch and his aids, but an analytical reading proved them to be rather the wishywashy efforts of fault¬ finders who did not display much constructive capacity. In the lobbies there were whispers of graft, but when the decks were cleared incompetence was charged and accusa¬ tions of crookedness were specifically disclaimed. Though the weakness of the attack was apparent to everyone, few expected such a vigorous defense as was made by Mr. Lynch’s forces. Those of his aids — Arthur Hay, T. D. Fennessey and Organizer W. C. McLernon — whose names were used freely in the graft whisperings, succeeded in securing the floor and impressing the delegates with their sincerity. President Lynch spoke at length on the subject. He said that the union had been particularly unfortunate in Los Angeles; circumstances and disaffection in the local union had retarded progress there, but he denied there had been no advance. It was not true, as alleged by the protestants, that $156,000 had been spent in fighting the Times — less than one-third of the sum had been spent in that way, and the amount was voted by the membership and not the executive council. Notwithstanding the extraordinary obstacles put in their way, those carrying on the struggle had achieved much. A direct result of their activities was the establishment of a new paper which had returned to the craft, in the shape of wages, more than five times the entire Los Angeles outlay. Mr. Lynch also maintained that the Times had lost prestige, advertising and subscriptions. During the struggle members had received substantial increases in wages and reductions in hours, while the union membership had nearly trebled. The president pointed out that the men attacked had been appointed to take charge of the fight on the express solicitation of Los Angeles union, and ventured that if another favorite were appointed there would soon be dissatisfaction with him. Mr. Lynch rea¬ soned from all the circumstances that the real object of attack was himself, but said he was not discouraged, feeling sure that steadfastness in one line of policy would produce results more quickly than by following the whims and notions of a union that is notorious for its vacillation. The vote was on the question as to whether Mr. Lynch’s representative — Organizer McLernon — should be removed, and the disbursement of the international union’s money be placed in the hands of the local union, and the president was upheld by a vote of 186 to 8. The over¬ whelming majority against them prompted the leading dis¬ sidents to say that Mr. McLernon should be “ given a further opportunity to prove his worthiness,” while the executive council made this proposition in the hope of securing harmonious action in the City of Angels : “ That Organizer McLernon shall be continued in office for the balance of the fiscal year; that he shall have the full sup- 894 THE INLAND PRINTER port of the membership of Los Angeles Typographical Union in the prosecution of his work, and that to this end all members of that union shall work toward and establish complete harmony in pursuit of the common object. That if, on June 1, 1910, it is shown that Organizer McLernon has not achieved results commensurate with his opportuni¬ ties and the full support of No. 174, the executive council will supplant Organizer McLernon with an organizer to be recommended by No. 174. That if there is any dispute between No. 174 and the executive council as to the support given Organizer McLernon, or as to the degree of harmony that prevailed, or as to the results accomplished, the entire matter shall be submitted to a committee, to be composed of the then presidents of San Francisco, Portland (Ore.) and Seattle Typographical Unions, and the Council agrees to accept and put into effect the decision of the committee as thus composed.” GRADUATED MORTUARY BENEFIT. The most important work of the convention — if it be approved by the referendum — is the establishment of graduated mortuary benefits. The committee, which met previous to the assembling of the delegates, rejected the proposition to establish a flat benefit of $1,000, on the ground that the consequent increase in dues would not meet the approval of the members. It therefore proposed a graduated benefit as follows : “ For membership of one year or less, $75. “ For a continuous membership of more than one year and less than five years, $125. “ For a continuous membership of more than five years and less than ten years, $175. “ For a continuous membership of more than ten years and less than fifteen years, $275. “ For a continuous membership of more than fifteen years, $400.” It is estimated that an assessment of one-half of one per cent on the earnings of members will be capable of discharging this obligation. The question will be decided at a special election, to be held in February, on a day to be fixed by the executive council, and, if adopted by a majority vote of the members, payment of the increased benefit will commence on June 1, 1910. The classification of members for the purposes of this benefit “ shall be made according to their length of membership on January 1, 1910.” Those who join after they have reached the age of fifty years will be entitled to but $75 mortuary benefits. CLINCHING THE CENTRALIZATION POLICY. A group of amendments to the laws tends to bring the individual member in closer touch with the interna¬ tional machinery. First of all, the secretary-treasurer is instructed to keep a detailed history of every member, which record shall be ultimate authority as to the status of members under beneficiary laws. The International Union will, after December 31 next, determine when a mem¬ ber is in arrears and the amount he shall pay for rein¬ statement, expropriating a portion of the penalty to the International funds. In the case of illness or destitution, the local is in duty bound to protect a delinquent member. Applicants for membership in the ordinary way and charter members are required to pay $2 each to head¬ quarters under the new laws. Duplicate “ traveling cards ” will hereafter be issued by the secretary-treasurer, and then only on the payment of $1. HEALTH IN COMPOSING-ROOMS. Discussion on the promotion of health ranged all the way from commending the officials for their activity in fighting tuberculosis to suggesting an international printers’ bowling contest under the auspices of the union as a health-promoting agency. A resolution was adopted in which subordinate unions are urged to discuss hygienic problems. The committee on this subject said vital sta¬ tistics proved that country printers were as susceptible to the ravages of consumption as their city fellows. This was attributed to the habit of placing printing-offices in out-of-the-way corners, on the theory that any place is good enough for the printer. “ Subordinate unions should use every endeavor to secure sanitary composing-rooms and instruct chapels to see that healthful conditions are obtained,” the committee continued. “ Vaults should be looked after very carefully, and also should the matter of spittoons; the sweeping of floors while the employees are working should be discouraged and every effort made for the discontinuance of this practice, which is one of the most effective means of filling the air with the germs of tuberculosis. Another practice that is detrimen¬ tal to health, and the one cause of the transmission of the germs of tuberculosis greater than all others, are the com¬ mon drinking cups, which, when becoming rusty or the enamel worn off, transmit more germs than any other way, as the rust spots and dampness are ideal breeding spots; wherever possible, fountains such as are used in public schools should be placed in composing-rooms, doing away with the germ-breeding drinking vessels. “ Another cause which is fast destroying the vitality of our members, and one which we recommend to subordinate unions to make every effort to eliminate, are the melting- pots placed in composing-rooms. The practice of setting fire to oil poured in the pots to separate the dirt from the metal is one of the most disastrous things to the health of our members, causing metal poisoning of both lungs and kid¬ neys and rapidly sapping the strength and vitality of those forced to work under these conditions.” EQUALIZING SCALES AND WAGE ZONES. The diversity of wages paid under the jurisdiction of the I. T. U., and the complaints made by employers con¬ cerning it, were brought to the attention of the conven¬ tion by Delegate Weakly, of Kansas City, and Organizer Harding, of Chicago. This resulted in. the delegates instructing the executive council to investigate wage con¬ ditions throughout the jurisdiction and report the result of said investigation to the next convention, so that prac¬ tical methods may be adopted for minimizing wage-scale inequalities. The council is also instructed to “ carefully consider the advisability and practicability of establishing competitive scale zones, establishing centers of these zones in cities where the best scales exist, and providing for a graduated series of scales in all cities where the best scales exist, and providing for a graduated series of scales in all cities and towns within each competitive zone.” LEARNING THE TRADE. The subject of trade education received much attention at the hands of the lawmakers. The work of the I. T. U. Commission was approved and local unions requested to use measures to further a more aggressive campaign on the part of local educational committees, and to appoint com¬ mittees where that has not been done. The International officers were authorized “ to instruct local unions to incor¬ porate in future scales a provision requesting employers to insist on apprentices taking the course in connection with their apprenticeship, in order to offset specializing printers.” A resolution was adopted instructing the I. T. U. Com- THE INLAND PRINTER 895 mission to at once take steps “ to incorporate in present course an estimating and cost system, which would be of inestimable value to ambitious journeymen printers, who contemplate embarking in the printing business, and employers holding active working-cards.” At the instigation of President Lynch a section of the general laws was amended to read : “ All apprentices employed on daily or weekly newspapers, magazines or publications of any description, under the jurisdiction of the International Typographical Union, where machine or typesetting devices are in use, must be employed the last two and one-half years of their apprenticeship on the case, and at all the intricate handiwork of the craft, not includ¬ ing the last six months of said apprenticeship, which time may be devoted exclusively to work on Linotype or type¬ setting devices in use in the office where said apprentice is employed. At least four years to constitute an apprentice¬ ship term.” A resolution impressing on members the necessity of learning all machines was adopted, but a proposition to establish a somewhat complicated system of loans to aid those aspiring to be machine operators was defeated, largely on account of the complexity of the plan. CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION. The convention concurred in a committee report which lauded the agreement with the publishers’ association. The committee contended that the results as a whole, and not a few specific instances, must be considered in order to measure the success of the plan. Having done so, it was unreservedly in favor of the scheme, saying: “We are advancing under the arbitration policy, and we submit as a fact that is not capable of dispute that any policy that advances the organization, makes it stronger and better, and guarantees to its members a stable and settled indus¬ trial condition, is one that should be fostered and con¬ served.” H. N. Kellogg, representative of the American News¬ paper Publishers’ Association, who addressed the conven¬ tion, said : “ Peace and good will still prevail between the Interna¬ tional Typographical Union and the American Newspaper Publishers’ Association. This is principally due to our arbitration agreement. There have been many cases con¬ sidered by the National Arbitration Board during the past year, and in some cities local feeling has at times become acute, but, thanks to our agreement and the respect paid to it by all parties concerned, the questions in dispute have finally been adjusted without any breaches and with prac¬ tically no interruption of work or business. The National Arbitration Board at some of its sessions has found the problems presented so difficult of solution that its mem¬ bers have sometimes felt that agreements were impossible. Fortunately, however, in almost every case the knots have been untied and the snarls removed. I believe I am war¬ ranted in stating that the decisions reached have in almost every case been satisfactory to the local parties interested. “ In closing I desire to also express our appreciation of the fairness and courtesy of your president and the other members of your executive council. We are convinced they have met the various questions presented in a spirit of fairness. We can not ask more. “ I thank you for your kind attention and hope to have the pleasure of meeting you many times in the future.” MATTERS OF MINOR MENTION. The convention asks the referendum to so change the law that it will require ten instead of seven printers to hold a charter. The committee on the Typographical Journal hesitated to make any suggestions, because “ we believe we have to-day by far the best trades-union publication in this country.” The executive council is instructed to investigate and report to the next convention on the advisability of the International Union purchasing land and erecting a first- class office building at Indianapolis. The so-called priority law being under discussion, Presi¬ dent Lynch answered a fusillade of questions as to its meaning and application. This provoked Secretary-Treas¬ urer Hays to make a speech, in which he said the chaotic conditions the queries indicated proved the folly of the International Union adopting legislation of that character. According to the action of the convention, “ the Inter¬ national Typographical Union cooperates at all times with the American Federation of Labor in carrying out the political policy as outlined by the said American Federa¬ tion of Labor.” President Berry, of the International Pressmen’s Union, addressed the delegates, bearing a message promising cooperation, but the convention instructed its officers to resist the effort of the allied trades to acquire property rights in the union label. The compositors maintain that as they made it, introduced it, are now spending the major portion of the energy and money expended in popularizing it, they are not disposed to hand the label over to others. Delegate and Mrs. Fear, of Joplin, Missouri, distributed handsome pin trays and paper weights as souvenirs from Joplin miners, as a recognition of the relation between the lead and zinc industry and the printers. An effort to effect an absolute divorce between the woman’s auxiliary and the union by eliminating a friendly recommendation from the latter’s law book was defeated. The bold crusader who tilted his lance at the auxiliary said it was being diverted from the purposes for which it was organized. Later on a cavalier moved that the ungallant proposition be expunged from the records. And it was so ordered. There was no end to the presentation of amendments to the old-age pension law. Many of the proposed changes were predicated on the occasional injustices done men by adhering to the letter of the law regarding continuous membership. The history of these cases made a strong appeal to the humane instincts of the delegates. President Lynch, however, directed attention to the fact that it is as yet too early to determine what burden the old-age pen¬ sion fund would be required to bear, and asked the conven¬ tion to defer action, so as to avoid the danger of doing greater injustice by imperiling the stability of the fund. There were several appeals from decisions of the execu¬ tive council, and though the appellants’ spokesmen churned the hot air till collars wilted, the delegates sustained the officers in every case. The publishing house of L’Aveng, in Barcelona, has just issued a 350-page octavo volume, dealing with “ Catalonian Incunabula.” The work was compiled by Senores Sanpere and Miquel. According to them, typography was intro¬ duced in Spain in 1474, by German printers, a company of whom worked first in Valencia and Barcelona and later in Saragossa and Seville. This company separated in 1477. There may be an excuse for dishonesty, but there is none for discourtesy. Dishonesty is usually the result of weakness, but discourtesy is just plain meanness. — David Gibson. 896 THE INLAND PRINTER BOOK REVIEW This department is designed particularly for the review of technical publications pertaining to the printing industry. The Inland Printer Company will receive and transmit orders for any book or publication. A list of technical books kept in stock will be found in the advertising pages. THE YUKON TERRITORY, ITS HISTORY AND RESOURCES. Issued by authority of Hon. Frank Oliver, Minister of the Interior of Canada, Ottawa. Published by the Government Printing Bureau. 140 pages, 6% by 9% inches, with map showing the mineral resourses of the Yukon. The seeker after authentic information about the Yukon territory will find this work of absorbing interest. It is compiled from authentic government reports, and treats of the history and development of the territory from the foun¬ dation of Fort Selkirk to the present time, including the cir¬ cumstances surrounding the first discovery of gold in the Klondike region. The constitution and government, phys¬ ical features, mining, commercial conditions, transporta¬ tion, etc., are fully covered, and the book is replete with full-page photographic illustrations, which add materially to its value. THE SYSTEM OF AUTOMATIC FOCUSING. For the use of process engravers. Constructed and Computed by A. Fruwirth. The Auto-Focus Company, publishers, Brooklyn, N. Y. The Automatic Focusing System consists of a scale of 2,000 division lines and a book of sixty-two pages, 3% by 9 inches, containing tables with 13,000 ratios, all of which are in direct relation to the division lines on the scales. No number in the tables exists which has not a defined place on the scales. No alteration whatsoever on lens or camera is required. The system works with any lens, from the smallest hand-camera lens to the largest instrument ever constructed. The book and scales accompanying it relieve the worker entirely of the time and labor of visual focusing, and permits greater accuracy. The descriptions are brief and easily understood. MAKING READY ON PLATEN PRESSES, by George F. Bradford. Forty pages, 5 by 6% inches, with an index; paper cover. New York: The Oswald Publishing Company. Price 50 cents. The problem of platen-press construction and operation is ably treated in this work. It covers in a brief but com¬ prehensive fashion many important details regarding make-ready on platen presses. In reference to the rules which underly the methods for making ready, the author says : “ The knowledge of what to do, and how to do, and when to do, is too often the result of the pressman’s expe¬ rience alone, and, therefore, liable to be defective or short- visioned. The man who can take the short cuts and work along the line of least resistance is he who has studied the theory of his trade, and by that means keeps his knowl¬ edge in advance of his practice.” This illustrates the advantage which individuals gain by technical instruction. Such training, whether by self-study or the tuition of others, gives one power in many instances to control a difficult and complex situation. Practical pressmen may become masters of the art by a thorough study of all that pertains to the trade. A timely and attractively printed and illustrated bro¬ chure has been issued by H. C. Brown Company, 156 Fifth avenue, New York, “ Our Flag,” by Francis Scott Key, III. It gives a complete and interesting history of the United States flag, which is stated to be the oldest in the world. This is contrary to the usual belief, but the facts are given in a very circumstantial way, and any one can satisfy his or her doubts by sending 25 cents to the publisher for a copy of the booklet. Written for The Inland Printer. “FILLERS” — A PLAN TO KEEP THE JOBBERS RUNNING. BY COSTELLO. BURING slack periods the proprietor of the job office in remote towns is often confronted with a condition which is unknown to the printer in the larger cities. Idle presses are the bane of the employing printer’s existence, and while the city printer can fill in with small jobs pro¬ cured indiscriminately, and from other than regular customers, the country printer is compelled by rea¬ son of his environment to await the pleasure of his regular trade. During these dull periods the pay-roll must be maintained in order to keep the staff intact, so that the following suggestions for adding to the income of the office may be considered worthy of adoption. As an instance of the possibilities for printers in the mail-order — or cash-with-order — business, the following plan is suggested: In every county, in every State, there are men and women who are interested to a greater or less degree in literature, and who possess some kind of a library or collection of books. These people are in touch with all that is of interest to the literary fraternity, and are famil¬ iar with all the popular fads of that class. Prominent among these is the craze for “ Ex Libris,” or book-plates. Book-plates have been used for centuries, and have taxed the best efforts of many great artists. An artistic printer can produce excellent results in book¬ plates by the use of modern ornaments, rule and border. In this class of work convention may be cast aside; the more bizarre or unusual the product, the more acceptable it is likely to be. The copy for jobs of this kind usually reads: “John Smith, His Book,” or “John Smith, Ex Libris.” When a dozen or more unique designs have been gotten up, it only remains to present these to owners of books, at the same time quoting prices. A prospective cus¬ tomer’s list ought to be made up, embracing physicians, dentists, schoolteachers, lawyers, students and, in fact, any one whose occupation would be likely to lead them into the realm of books. All that the country printer — or any printer, for that matter — needs at times is a suggestion, and by the adop¬ tion of the foregoing plan a versatile craftsman ought to be able to keep his jobbers busy during an unexpected dull month. The National-Zeitung, of Basle, says that, during the cataloguing of the library of the Frey-Gryna Institute of that city, there was discovered in the “ Orientalia ” section a large number of valuable works by English authors, among them the second folio edition of Shakespeare, which is one of the rarest volumes extant and whose value may be expressed in at least five figures. Thanks to an under¬ standing between the directors of the Frey-Gryna Institute and the Basle library commissioner, this and the other rare books, to the number of six thousand, have been incorpo¬ rated with the city’s public library. THE INLAND PRINTER 897 AS A LARGE BUYER SEES THE TRADE SITUATION. E. St. Elmo Lewis, advertising manager of the Bur¬ roughs Adding Machine Company, selected “ What Is the Matter? ” as the subject of a talk to the printers of Detroit at a dinner at the Fellowcraft Club, it being his present concern to reach a high class of business men. Mr. Lewis is a large buyer of quality printing. Always interesting, Mr. Lewis is particularly so in this speech, as he is telling printers, whose business he knows thoroughly, how they look to him from the other side of the desk. Though labeled a “ little talk,” the speech covers the field thor¬ oughly and is too lengthy for reproduction in full. After generalizing as to the need of improved technical and busi¬ ness methods in printing-offices, Mr. Lewis went on to say: “Any successful piece of printing bears a definite rela¬ tion to the purpose for which it is intended. We print letter-heads on writing-paper, not on half-tone coated. When we do not we run the risk of mere oddity which, nine times in ten, means we have sacrificed effectiveness. “We do not set up a machinery catalogue in a hair¬ line letter and decorate it with a scroll-work of daisies and mignonette- — not unless we again fail to catch the spirit of the thing. “ Even the most indifferent to the eternal fitness of things do not display a millinery opening announcement as they would a notice of a sale of horses and mules. “ These are crude examples, to be sure, and are cer¬ tainly obvious enough. “ The printer of to-day and to-morrow does and will place the emphasis on service to the user of his wares. He will take for granted, as the user does, that he knows how to get the best result from his mechanical equipment, that he has the mechanic’s knowledge of his tools, but he will go a long step farther. He will be prepared to give the buyer the best product from the standpoint of the most inteligent buyer of quality and efficiency. “ I like that term ‘ efficiency,’ because to me it means so much more than mere printing - — it means printing that accomplishes the end for which it was purchased, that is, to produce results for the buyer. “ The craftsman will be prepared to show the buyer, if the latter does not know, how he can supplement the buyer in the latter’s effort to get results. The craftsman will study the buyer’s particular problems and, in so far as printing has to do with their solution, help in their solution. “ Did you hear of a printer studying business in its general or particular aspect? Did you hear of him study¬ ing his possible customers’ requirements? I hear you say that he is too busy studying his own. True, and the law makes him a failure just as inevitably as it makes the other kind of a printer a success. “ You are facing a condition that you can not ignore. “ Here is a customer who wants a catalogue. It is a good job of printing. It is worth an effort to get it. Yet ninety per cent of printers will expend their whole effort in wire-pulling or in price-cutting. On the other hand, suppose that one of those printers went to the customer, got his ideas and his copy, an idea of what the customer wanted the catalogue to look like, and then got the best artists and the most expert compositor to join efforts in arranging a title-page, cover-page and, probably, to set up a couple of pages. When the dummy was arranged, suppose the printer took his proposition and the dummy to his pros¬ pective customer. Which do you think would receive the molt serious consideration — the arrangement • that real¬ ized the customer’s purpose and selling instincts, or the price alone of the others? 6-7 “ There are hundreds of printers who will tell you they believe in the careful, painstaking effort of the one against the price-paring of the others. “As a buyer of printing, I agree with them, and buy of them. “ This is fundamental. “ It lies at the bottom of your appeal to the public. It is the foundation of your business. It is the rock on which you must build your plans for successfully establishing a business to do this higher grade of work with its more sat¬ isfactory rewards in money and prestige. “ In the second place, too few printers, not only here, but in many other places, believe in art as a really vital essential of printing. “ One day not so many weeks ago, a printer said to me, ‘ Mr. Lewis, I am in business to make money, but I am constantly met with the price, price, price. I’d like to do better work, but I must get a better price. I have no call for high-grade work, and I can not do the best unless I get a profitable price for it.’ “ * Of course you can’t get a better price, because you are known as a price printer. When you get into quality then you get out of your class,’ I said, ‘ and you can’t com¬ pete with the men who give service.’ ” “ ‘ I do not get a chance to give the better work,’ he protested. “ ‘ You are starting at the wrong end. You must be prepared first and then give the service and you’ll get the work when buyers know you are prepared,’ was my answer. “ I doubt if I convinced him. “ His idea of doing better work, better pay, was to use better paper, better inks and to spend more time over the composition and the presswork. “ He had the wrong thing in mind. “ He will have to start with himself. “ He will have to convince himself that art is a very real, a very practical and a definite item in the creation of the kind of printing that gets the best prices. “ Successful printing is seven parts brain and taste, three parts equipment. A printer can, if he has brains and taste, do good, effective printing on a hand press. I have seen printing breathing personality and character that was done with nothing but some type, a galley, an ink-roller, a mallet and a block of wood covered with several layers of chintz. “ Printers dwell too long and lovingly on their equip¬ ment and entirely neglect the exploitation of that more subtle power which makes them master craftsmen with a personality that none may duplicate, with no competitors, because God made most of us in some way different. “ It is interesting to note the steady rise of the crafts¬ man and the daily decline of the purely commercial printer. “ The master craftsmen are magnetic. “ They pull business from a wide area, for it is one of the peculiar results of the service of a high purpose and the realization of an elevated standard, that your world expands. You rise over the crowd; you are seen by a greater and more appreciative world. “ The world of business is demanding this of you. We need the help of craftsmen who have minds and hearts above the sole question of price. There are more of us than you seem to believe. We are not all here in this one city, but you are not tied to this city for your trade. “ The business public is being educated in the finer points of printing endeavor that make for simplicity of construction and arrangement. “ Color has ceased to be an excuse for flashy displays ; 898 THE INLAND PRINTER ornamentation has risen to simplest expressions, and plain types have become the rule rather than the exception. “ Why? “ Because the users of printing are demanding them. “ The advertising manager, taking his lesson from the artist schooled in the psychologies of line and color har¬ monies, has found that the most complex subtleties worthy of his study and analysis were the apparently simple things of page proportion, whiting out in the treatment of displays, harmonies of arrangement, and the selection of type-faces. “ The more inquiring have found the hitherto hidden relationships between the type, paper, colors, displays and the subject matter. Advertisers have become objective in their attitude toward the public. They have ceased to say: ‘ I like that,’ but, ‘ Will it attract, interest, convince the man I want to reach? ’ “ Is the average printer realizing this changed condi¬ tion in his work? “ I’ll let you answer that question. “ I am not placing before you an impossible ideal, nor is it one even difficult of acceptable realization. “ I shall be satisfied if I can gain your respect for what some of the buyers consider to be very practical and busi¬ nesslike reasons why they have to give their work to other houses than your own. “ The difficulty is to make art and ethics real to the average business man. Generally we can not see any value in a thing that has not come within the ken of our own experience. It is difficult to make the average man under¬ stand there is any standard in art. To him all art is a mat¬ ter of personal preference. “ Quite recently I had an argument with one of your leading printers on the quality and value of a booklet he had done for another house. He had seriously maintained that it equaled anything that a certain large Chicago house had done. Finally he said, with an air of clinching the argument and giving me a ‘ knock-out ’ blow : ‘ The man who bought it was satisfied.’ Which, of course, proved nothing either as to the booklet’s esthetic value, or as to the validity of his line of reasoning. “ So is the African savage satisfied to trade a $300 elephant’s tusk for a dollar’s worth of glass beads. So is the workman satisfied with the cheap chromo he hangs in his parlor, while Mr. Morgan buys a Corot half the size and pays $10,000 for it. “ I do not think there is any man here to-night who will say that the chromo is as great a contribution to art as the Corot purchased by Mr. Morgan, nor do I think any man will say that the man who makes chromos should get as much as the man who painted the beautiful picture. I do not think there is any man here who will say that the man who makes the chromo is pursuing as high a vocation or producing as satisfactory a result, or contributing as great a benefit to humanity, as Corot when he made the painting which Mr. Morgan bought. “ Yet, if we are to accept as an equal standard of excel¬ lence the excuse that “ The workingman was satisfied with the chromo,” there is no reason why we should ever attempt to educate the workman above the chromo, nor why Corot should expect a greater reward for his painting than the maker of chromos for his handiwork, and vice versa. Would you be willing to accept that logic? “ The particular booklet in the case I mentioned was poorly arranged, the margins were bad, the typesetting was poor, the pictures had been atrociously retouched, and the whole performance was mediocre. In short, it was not the kind of work that I could afford to send to the intelli¬ gent, discriminating class with whom we deal. “ This printer was stating a preference as a principle as an excuse for setting up mediocrity as excellence. “ The art side of printing furnishes the appealing, the attractive, the emotional side. A man says, ‘ I like that.’ ‘ Isn’t that strong and striking? ’ ‘ That is a fine piece of work’ — all indicate pleasure; his emotions have been aroused. The more perfect the work, the more it appeals to the universal emotion of pleasure, the greater the value to the advertiser. Therefore, do not be satisfied with giving pleasure to the man of little discrimination, education or intelligence, but ask yourself when the man praises, ‘ Does he know what a good piece of printing is?’ “ It does not matter how superior the quality of your paper, or of your ink, if the design that you put on the outside of the catalogue is amateurish, weak and wabbly, if it has no idea in it — simply a mass of lines and splotches of color — it does not reach the man’s attention — it can not attract, for a man can not be conscious of a meaning that does not exist. “ Have a definite idea of what you want to suggest in your printing; for that reason you must know the thing the booklet is to describe, and what sort of people it is going to reach. “ Your experience must do the rest. “As another has said : ‘ Every article of commerce for man’s use should show the handiwork of the artist. The mission of art in the industries is to make the artisan artistic. Modern life is actually losing something of its bareness of aspect through both interior decorations of the things of use about the house and exterior beautification of the natural surroundings. A railway station, a factory, an advertisement, the dining-table, are none the less useful for being esthetic, and far more pleasurable. From beauty in the industrial arts there thus irradiates a life influence that elevates.’ All this demand springs from education. “ The college man of two generations ago is coming into managerial capacities in business houses. He is bringing with him a more thorough understanding of the laws of progress, the laws of morals and the laws of beauty; he is' applying them, he is succeeding with them, and as you come in contact with him you must impress him with the confidence that you can carry out the work that he has for you to do. . . . “ Next — I should like to draw your attention for a few minutes to the question of cost and price. This is a serious point with better printers. I have had men come to me with the assurance that they would be glad to do these things but they f couldn’t afford to.’ “ They’re just plain scared to try. That is the truth of it. “ They have been playing to the groundlings, to the men in the pit, and not to those higher up, for so long that they have lost their nerve. Do not be deceived. The applause that comes from those whose ideals are cheap¬ ness and shoddy leads neither to riches nor to satisfaction for the craftsman. “ Brandt, the Trenton, New Jersey, printer, used to solicit printing with a blotter on which was: Brandt — Printer The best printing because it costs most Trenton, N. J. “ He made more money out of the printing business than any other man in Trenton, and he lived up to his motto so well that he wouldn’t bother with a job thlt a buyer wanted to boss too closely. “ Price to-day must depend on service. THE INLAND PRINTER 899 “ Materials and labor are but a part of the thing called service. “ The price is always too high if the service is poor. “ Buyers of printing do not want so many thousands of folders — they want so many thousands of effective folders delivered at such a time in such a manner for so much. “ Catch the difference? “ Do I want a catalogue for the Burroughs Adding Machine Company, I write to a printer in New York, to Cleveland, to Chicago, and to one or two more. I lay the requirements before them. In a few days I get carefully prepared dummies with hand-drawn decorations. I get prices. Sometimes my choice is made quickly, at others it is difficult. Eventually I try to select the one that seems to most completely realize my purpose, and then I know the printer’s whole effort is to cooperate with me in the execution of the order, to realize what I want that cata¬ logue to be. I pay for that service but I am willing to pay for it. I get intelligent, hearty and suggestive help at every turn. I pay for it, and I pay well for it. . . . “ This leads to another thing, which is now a mooted question among printers. Some have attempted to prove it to be contrary to business economics to furnish dummies. I wish to object most emphatically. I wish to say very frankly that I will not do business with a printer or engra¬ ving house that will not furnish dummies or sketches of the work it proposes to do for me — when I ask for them. “ I admit any printing concern that has to hire an out¬ side artist to design its booklet covers, another artist to lay out dummies, because the firm has not enough faith in that kind of business to equip itself for that kind of work, will find it expensive and disappointing. That sort of a printer has no business going after that kind of printing. I worked on the road selling catalogues for a printer who furnished dummies, and I have no hesitancy in saying that I could not have sold sixty per cent of the houses I did sell if it had not been for the dummies I was able to furnish. “ The drawbacks of the dummy system are up to the printer and not to the dummy. “ Mr. W. J. Macintosh, one of the leading writers on this subject, has attacked the dummy proposition, saying it is economically unsound. “ I know the dummy proposition is charged to selling expense. I know the men in your composing-room who are working from dummies are working to better advantage than the men who are working without them. I know that it has saved resetting and rearrangement in such a propor¬ tion of cases that it has in many instances saved the cost of the layout and dummy. “ I know that it increases the efficiency of your sales¬ man on the road from twenty-five to fifty per cent. “ I know that if the printing houses do not do it, the advertising managers will, and when they do have to make their own dummies and layouts they will simply put the outside cost of the printing down that much lower. I do not think any advertising manager fails to understand that he pays for the dummies the printer works out for him, and that he pays not only for his dummies but he pays for the printer’s failures. I know of one concern that carries an odd column in the ledger in which is charged the cost of all the dummies, entertainment, selling expense, etc., against each customer with which it does business. A cer¬ tain proportion of this is charged against the orders from their customers each month. “ I can see no objection to it at all. “ I want help and I am willing to pay for it. The printer can work better with his own dummy men than he can with any man that I might engage, because the dummy man for the printer knows more about the printer’s' equip¬ ment than the man I might employ. “ Lastly, it is foolish to obj ect to prepare a dummy on the theory that, if six printers prepare dummies at an average cost of $50 apiece (a total of $300) to get an order for $1,500, theoretically the $1,500 job has cost the printers $250. Practically, however, it has cost the print¬ ing profession nothing, for the simple reason that it has increased the efficiency of all printing by so much and all buyers pay the sum. “ You never heard a man who put $50 into a dummy and then charged $75 for it in the estimate, and got an order for $1,500 worth of printing, kick about having to prepare a dummy, did you? It was always the fellows who got left. “ I would say of every ten printers — which is a very large proportion, because the average order is competed for by only three or four — who compete for an order on the dummy basis, six of them ought to stay out, because they do not know the meaning of service. “Again the dummy evil is greatly overdrawn. The pro¬ fessional deadheads among advertising managers and advertisers are soon spotted, and need not be considered. “After confidence, through good service, is once estab¬ lished dummies generally come after instead of before the order, and no one can be hurt. “ There never was a time when more efficient adver¬ tising was being done by means of printer’s ink than to-day, and the artistic dummy has been the strongest sin¬ gle educational force that has accomplished this result. “ Too many printers advertise to make their competi¬ tors feel bad. “ Forget it ! “Advertise so as to make the users of printing feel good — to want to give you a chance. We are not inter¬ ested so much in the number of your presses as in what your organization can do. “ I remember one of our Detroit printers came to me several years ago, saying: “ ‘ I can’t understand why we don’t get more of your business. We have just as good presses — can buy just as good ink and paper as the other fellows in Chicago and Cleveland, but we don’t get your orders.’ “ * My dear friend, out in the Pontiac asylum there are men with just as many ears, eyes, legs, arms, and with the same kind of a nose and mouth as yours — weighing just as much — possibly just as tall — but there is a difference, isn’t there, between you and them? ’ “ He’s got the point. “ But he hasn’t acted on it. “ The time is coming when printers will have organiza¬ tions of expert layout and dummy men, artists trained in each special line of designing, retouching and illustrating. They will have men who can go into the smaller concerns who can not afford to pay for expert advertising men. and from the inside of the concern, make booklets, folders and catalogues that will fit, as a custom-made suit fits, the needs of the user. “ That will mean service — ■ and advertisers will pay for it, just as they pay for it in the case of the advertising agencies. “ It is going to require nerve, initiative, capital. It will probably be done by new concerns who have not had an opportunity to get so used to getting dividends that they can not forego one or two years’ profits for a big future business. “ In order to realize to the full the advantage of such 900 THE INLAND PRINTER organization the average printer’s method of selling will have to be changed. “ It will call for a higher grade of men. “ The printing business is in reality a high-grade specialty business. I have failed to find a single case where any other specialty was expected to be handled by so low an average of intelligence among salesmen — generally speaking. “ The average printing salesman is simply an order- taker. He creates nothing; he interferes rather than helps. He is the man to blame for the price talk, because he is a weak salesman, and a weak salesman always appeals to the money-saving instinct. He can always talk that and he generally does. “ Tear a leaf then out of the Book of Experience of other lines and help your possible buyer. “ In the clothing business the manufacturers are help¬ ing the retailers sell the goods they sell the latter. So with the soapmakers, the hatmakers. “ You make printing — you want to make good printing — you want to make lots of it. “ Good! Help your market. Don’t wait for a man to use you. Take the initiative, use the man. That is the principle on which the best and greatest business rests. “ For the application : In the business with which I am connected, we charge $375 for one of our adding machines. There are other adding machines and most all are sold for less than the Burroughs, yet we sell ninety per cent of the entire number of adding machines sold in the world. If a salesman sold our machine for less than $375 he would not last any longer than we could get a telegram to him. And the reason we can sell these machines is because we make our salesmen capable of showing a man how a Burroughs can help him save time and worry and money. “ If you want to sell printing to people who pay good prices for printing, you want to send the goods that will be worth real money, and thus you must study the needs of business and business men outside of your own business. “ Our company employs nearly 350 salesmen. We teach these men (taken from the ranks of the highest grade salesmen in the country) how to apply our machine to the wants — frequently unknown as far as the customer is concerned — of a business. We employ experts to teach our men. It pays us. “ The same principle would pay you. “ Some man, somebody who knows nothing about the drawbacks of the printing business, will come in and do this thing — just because he doesn’t know too much about the conventional ideas of what a printer can do. “ In almost any line of business the successful concern is perfectly willing to pay a big price to the business- getter. It is surprising to see printers sending out repre¬ sentatives who get and can earn but half the salary of a good superintendent. This condition must generally be laid to the fact that the man at the head of the business is a printer and not a business man. With all due deference to the gentlemen who call on me endeavoring to sell me their product, the average man, outside of the proprietors themselves, is worth about $15 a week as an order taker, and yet this man is supposed to impress me with the idea that I should place my three or five thousand dollar order with his house. “ Gentlemen, I leave it to your plain, everyday, Amer¬ ican sense of the eternal fitness of things : Is it likely that you are going to get the business? “ But, I am happy to say, there are signs of a change coming over the gloom of our local situation. . . . “ It is for the intelligent solicitor to suggest things that he may find out what the head of the concern wants. Put the question point blank to the advertiser, ‘ Have you any definite idea for this design? ’ Say to him, ‘ I am going to spend $50 on this dummy, and if you have any idea of what you want, tell me, because I do not want to waste that $50.’ “ Get samples of all the advertising he has used. “ Size up his personality, size up his taste, and have a reason for everything you suggest. “ Do not simply put your ‘ I like it,’ against his ‘ I don’t like it.’ “ The question of whether he likes a dummy or does not like it is not the point so much as whether or not it will be effective as a piece of advertising to go to the particular people he wants to reach. “ When you come to arrange your dummy, in ninety- nine cases out of one hundred, there is no necessity to make finished drawings. Make a sketch, spend sufficient money to have it reflect your standards. If you are not willing to put sufficient money in it to reflect you, to appeal to the class of people to whom it is to go, do not submit anything. “Wait for a chance to figure on the reprint — when you can put your sharp pencil to work! “ In other words, give the buyer a bird’s-eye view of your idea of what his catalogue should be, then if he is interested you can go farther and set up a few sample pages of his own copy, with some of his cuts, even going to the expense of getting out new ones if the order is big enough. “ I have no hesitancy in saying that with this kind of solicitation upon the part of a man who knows the business, a first-class printing concern can get more business with him than without him. “ In the strain after the ideal I am not one to decry the money success. They belong together in the business of printing. If I have anything to preach to you, I preach the utility of the artistic, that together make the ideal craftsmanship which has for its ideal, perfect service to the public. “ I do not consider it any mark of superior brains, or manliness, or of the true craftsman, that he should ignore the dollar-sign of the craft. Every dollar received should mean that some work, some idea, some thoughtful arrange¬ ment, had won in the everlasting war against the ineffect¬ ive, the mean, the mediocre. “ Every dollar is a counter that stands for the measure of your success in our chosen work. If it is sought for the satisfaction it gives as an expression of work well done, as a means of creating greater opportunities to do good work again, we can defy the Philistine who sneers at the dollar we gain. If, on the other hand, it is worshiped for the mere pleasure of possession, apart from it as an expression of our talents and our best selves, then indeed is it unworthy and a thing to be despised.” . . . A PARISIAN BOYCOTT. The compositors’ union of Paris is applying a new form of boycott against the papers which do not pay the scale and against whom they lost a strike several months ago. In front of the office of Le Matin, on the principal boule¬ vard, sandwich-men parade, carrying boards on which is written, “ Le Matin does not pay the union wages. No one is obliged to buy Le Matin. The law does not compel any one to buy Le Matin.” The union has chosen this method, because a direct appeal to a boycott would be punishable as a violation of the law, while the public advertising of facts brings with it no liabilities. THE INLAND PRINTER 901 Written for The Island Printer. DEFINITE PLANS FOR INCREASING CIRCULATION. NO. VI,- — BY 0. F. BYXBEE. EXPERIENCE OF THE GENEVA (N. Y.) “ DAILY TIMES,” WITH SUBSCRIPTION CONTESTS. ESCRIPTIONS in detail have been published in the last two issues of The Inland Printer of subscription contests successfully conducted by the Scranton (Pa.) Tribune, and readers will no doubt be interested in the experience of other papers with similar plans. For the past five years the Geneva (N. Y.) Daily Times has been conducting contests of various kinds, the success of which is best described by President W. A. Gracey : “ The scholarship contest was the first contest we ever undertook. We secured the scholarships in exchange for advertising. The contest aroused considerable interest, and we did a very good business, but we have no figures avail¬ able that we can give you. In fact, that contest did not yield as definite subscription results as we had hoped. We included advertising in that contest and rather unexpect¬ edly the contestants turned their attention quite largely to getting advertising contracts. In that way it was quite successful, because we were able to write many contracts which we had not been able to do before. While some of the advertisers only stayed with us for the contract made at that time, others continued their advertising and are with us now. “We have conducted two or three voting contests since our scholarship contest and these have resulted quite satis¬ factorily. The last contest that we had was last fall, begin¬ ning October 10 and ending December 10, when we offered as prizes two pianos, two ranges, a special prize of a solid silver set for rural free delivery subscriptions and several minor prizes. This contest was really the most successful one we have ever had, resulting in more new subscriptions and greater gross receipts than any of our previous efforts. “ We had a contest in 1907 on lines similar to the one of last fall, having as a prize one piano and nothing else. It was not as successful as the one of last fall, when we had two sets of prizes and two districts, city district and out-of-town district. We found that dividing the territory into districts is much better. “At one time we had a contest with only a couple of cooking stoves as prizes, and this was one of our most suc¬ cessful contests. “We find that the success of a contest depends quite a little on the spirit of rivalry that can be aroused between the contestants, and we were able to do this even with the small prizes, though in general we believe that it takes prizes worth while to insure a successful contest. “ In our first contest we offered as prizes scholarships in thirteen colleges and schools, and we got up an elaborate pamphlet announcing it. That contest being the first we had ever held attracted much attention and considerable interest was aroused, but we did not get results com¬ mensurate with our efforts. One reason for this was that we had too many prizes, there being a prize for almost every contestant — at least eyery working contestant — so that there was not enough strife engendered to get results, and the result was that we practically gave away many of the scholarships without adequate returns. “ Papers which have delinquent subscription accounts we believe can use contests to excellent advantage, if they are worked properly, as by contests delinquent subscribers can be made to pay up. We have not had this benefit from our contests, as we do not have any delinquents. Our cir¬ culation in the city and surrounding villages is handled entirely by news-agents, who pay us weekly for papers received. All our mail subscriptions are on a cash-in¬ advance basis, as we send out no papers unless the sub¬ scription is paid at least one month in advance, and cut off all subscribers at the expiration of their subscriptions.” The Times used a four-column ad. to advertise its most successful contest, a portion of which is reproduced. In the POPULAR VOTING CONTEST FOR SUBSCRIPTIONS AND ADVERTISING. THE GENEVA DAILY TIMES OFFERS AS PRIZES: TwoSmith<&BarnesPianos,Va!uedat$300each Two Zenith Ranges, Valued at $50 each Ghestof SolsdSilverTableware,87p'5eces,Va!uedatSi35 To the Contest Editor, Geneva Daily Times, Geneva, N. Y. Please enroll my name as a candidate in the Popular Voting Contest of 1908. I will do my best to secure subscriptions and advertising as planned and promise to abide by the rules of the contest. Please send me blanks and necessary instructions. Name . . Address . . . lower corner of this was a coupon to be used by contestants in entering the contest, and the balance of the space was taken up with the following description and rules : Beginning with Friday, October 16, 1908, blank ballots will be printed in each issue of the Geneva Daily Times. Each of these ballots, when properly filled out and delivered at this office, will count for one vote. Subscriptions. — To every person paying in advance for their subscription, ballots will be given in the ratio of one vote for every one cent — that is, in ‘the city of Geneva, where the price of the Times, delivered, is $5 per year or 10 cents a week, 500 votes will be given for a year’s subscription.; out of town, 300 votes will be given for a $3 subscription, and so on. The paper can be taken for any length of time from a week to a year, and votes will be given accordingly, except in the case of rural free delivery subscriptions. On account of the special and elegant prize offered for these subscriptions, no rural free delivery subscriptions for less than one year will be counted in this contest. Advertising. — ■ For yearly advertising contracts secured from merchants within district, for every dollar contracted for, twenty-five votes. Contracts to be taken at regular advertising rates, and duly signed by advertiser, ' sub¬ ject to approval of publishers: For transient advertising — that is, for sliort:time advertising, not on contract — for every dollar’s worth secured, twenty votes. Such advertising to be paid for in advance. 902 THE INLAND PRINTER Want Advertisements. — One hundred votes for every dollar’s worth or fraction thereof — that is, a vote for every cent paid. Price of want ads., one cent a word each insertion ; no ads. taken for less than 15 cents an insertion. Contestants may solicit subscriptions anywhere. Advertising may be solicited anywhere, except that only Geneva candidates may solicit adver¬ tising in Geneva. In District No. 2 it is expected that the contest will be principally for subscriptions, though the advertising feature is included for such as desire to try to get advertising from their home towns. Considerable ought to be done with the want advertisements, as, due to the large circulation of the Times, these will be found efficient in all localities. Everyone’s everyday needs and wants can be advertised in these columns at small cost. As they are read by 25,000 people daily, good results are always obtained. Candidates and their friends who wish to solicit subscriptions and advertising on account of this contest may obtain the necessary blanks and information by calling at or writing to the Times office. Coupons, good for votes according to amount paid, will be given during the contest to all persons, whether contestants or not, who insert transient advertising, local or want advertisements. These votes can then be given to contestants or cast direct for them as desired. This contest will last less than eight weeks and may be discontinued at any time at the option of the publishers, with or without notice, so that it will not be safe for anyone to hold back their ballots. The result of the balloting in the several districts will be announced each day in the Times, and the public will be kept fully posted as to the progress of the various candidates. The daily count of ballots will occur at 8 o’clock each morning. Ballots received later than 8 o’clock will not be counted until the following day. Ballots can not be withdrawn or transferred from one candidate to another after having been once voted. No employee of the Geneva Daily Times will be allowed to enter the contest. This rule, however, does not apply to newsboys or correspondents. The final count of ballots will be made under the direction of the pub¬ lishers of the_ Geneva Daily Times, whose rulings in the matter of the count, and on any questions which may arise, will be final. Any person desiring to enter the contest should make application at once by filling out the blank and sending it to the Contest Editor of the Geneva Daily Times, Geneva, New York. After the contest had been running a short time, it was decided to add a number of other prizes, owing to the large number of contestants and their activity. Three additional prizes were offered in the Geneva district and five others in the out-of-town district. At the close of the contest it was found that over one million votes had been cast for the winning contestants alone, almost equally divided between the city and out-of- town contestants, although the latter had slightly the best of it. Aside from a large increase in circulation in the city and suburbs, 448 yearly subscribers were added on the rural free delivery routes. Next month the experience of a few other publishers with subscription contests will be described. AUSTRIAN SCHOOL OF GRAPHIC ARTS. The section of the Royal Graphic Arts School of Vienna devoted to the book and illustrative branches will have its reception days for pupils for the coming school year of 1909-10 on September 16 to 18. In this section are taught composition and presswork, the handling of stereotypes and electrotypes on the press, the illustration of printed matter by various reproductive processes, the instruction being both theoretical and practical. The instruction embraces three courses, the first and second covering printing in its entirety, including typefounding, lithography, photography, then mechanics, chemistry, physics, properties of materials, bookkeeping, history of art, history of typography, hygiene of the trades, etc., while the third is for those who wish special training in photomechanical reproduction. The salesmanship that endures is the appeal to reason rather than emotion — inducing people to believe that they actually perform an economical act to themselves in buying. — David Gibson. Written for The Inland Printer. AUTOMATIC INTERCOMMUNICATING TELEPHONES FOR PRINTING-OFFICES.* BY JOSEPH SAMtTELSON. " "SSENGER service between departments in the modern printing-office has been almost wholly discarded. The blunders of inatten¬ tive boys, resulting in misunderstanding of instructions, have caused many heavy losses to the printer, and verbal instructions are now g'ven to departments which may be located at some distance in the building, by the interior telephone. This equipment is not so intricate or expensive to install and maintain as many suppose. By its use, any otherwise well-organized plant may be made to work har¬ moniously, with the minimum of discord and loss of time through personal visits to the different departments. The entire internal business of many of the largest printing establishments is carried on through the agency of this instrument. So popular has it become that tele¬ phone companies have taken the trouble to study the prob¬ lem with the purpose of developing the best and most con¬ venient system for this service. A prominent electric com¬ pany has successfully developed and placed on the market a most interesting piece of apparatus, compact and neat in appearance and very simple in construction. The sets are made in two types for printing-house service, one having keys, or push buttons, the other plugs and jacks. Both Fig. 1. — • Key or push-button type of automatic intercommunicating telephone for wall. give the same service. With the former, calls are made and answered by pressing buttons, with the latter by inserting a plug into the holes of the jacks. Either type may be furnished for desk use, or for mounting on the wall. They are equipped for installations of any size up to thirty-one telephones for the key or push¬ button type, and twenty-four telephones for the jack type. Dry cells located in any convenient place, furnish the necessary ringing and talking currents. Fig. 1 illustrates the key or push-button type. The but¬ tons on this instrument are labeled according to the tele¬ phone or station with which they are connected. To make a call it is only necessary to press the button opposite the number of the station desired, then press the button labeled * Illustrations furnished by courtesy of Western Electric Company. THE INLAND PRINTER 903 “ Ring,” take the receiver from the hook and talk as with any regular telephone instrument. Fig. 2 shows the jack type. This style is more gener¬ ally employed where the switching apparatus is subjected to excessively rough handling. The operation differs only from the key or push-button type, in that the plug is inserted into the hole of the jack bearing the desired num¬ ber, instead of pressing the buttons. A call is answered by inserting the answering plug into the jack labeled “Ans.,” when the receiver may be removed from the hook. A metal automatic intercommunicating telephone is also made for printing-offices in both flush and nonflush types. Fig. 2 — Plug-and-jack type of interior telephone, designed for wall. The flush type can be set in the wall so that the face of the instrument is almost flush with the surface. These tele¬ phones have black japanned iron cases, are automatic in action, attractive in appearance, absolutely reliable and are fireproof. With an automatic intercommunicating telephone installed in the printing establishment every department is, figuratively speaking, enclosed in one room, so far as com¬ munication is concerned. The superintendent, or manager, is in immediate communication with every department in the organization. The stockroom, which may be situated the farthest away, is in as close touch with the superin¬ tendent as the sales department just outside the office door. The foreman of the bindery, desiring information from the pressroom, no longer finds it necessary to leave his depart¬ ment to obtain it. The automatic intercommunicating set not only enables him to secure the desired information in less time, but also avoids the risk of anything going wrong during his absence in search of information. Orders are received and transmitted almost instantaneously. Mis¬ takes, the great time-wasters of all printing establishments, are practically unknown on account of the facilities pro¬ vided for readily checking doubtful information. All the advantages of a personal interview are secured without traveling from one place to another. The old walking-and- talking method has been superseded. An important feature of the automatic intercommuni¬ cating telephone for the printer is that the services of a telephone operator are not required, and the system has therefore a very low operating expense. Another point which makes it adapted to the printing trade, is its avail¬ ability at all hours of the day or night, since connections are established independent of a telephone operator. Although the automatic intercommunicating telephone is equipped for local service only, additional apparatus can be supplied which will provide for outside telephone service if connection is made with the nearest telephone exchange. The interior telephone is not a luxury for the modern printing-house; it is a time-saver, and a business neces¬ sity. A consideration of one general case will show that many of those who have given much thought and money to the details of business systematizing, have utterly ignored the expense of maintaining their old-time walking-and- talking methods, or some modification of it. The following paragraphs will show that the intercom- municating-telephone system is not a luxury, but will more than pay for itself in a few months by a saving of the time taken up with the walking-talking system. Let us consider, for the sake of illustration, a modern printing-office employing one hundred men, and comprising five departments, each department having one foreman. Each foreman would then have twenty men under him. The pay of each foreman will be taken at 60 cents an hour, and that of each workman 30 cents an hour. It is safe to assume that each foreman will have to leave his depart¬ ment at least twice a day, either to consult with the super¬ intendent at his desk, or in search of information in other departments. Allowing a conservative estimate of fifteen minutes as the time consumed for going and returning each time, the cost of this time amounts to 30 cents a day for each foreman, or a total of $1.50 per day for five foremen. Fig. 3. — Interior telephone equipment arranged for desk use. During the absence of the foreman, it is reasonable to assume that at least one-half of the men will waste fifty per cent of the time the foreman is away, some being held back awaiting his return for instructions, others possibly idling. It will be seen that this loss amounts to more than seventy- five minutes for each foreman’s gang per trip; then for each of the five foremen at two trips of fifteen minutes per day the time lost by the men would amount to about 750 minutes per day, or, figuring the lost time at the rate of 30 cents per hour, as assumed, we get a total loss that amounts to $3.75 per day. The grand total loss per day for 904 THE INLAND PRINTER both foremen and workmen will amount to $5.25, or, in a year of 305 working days, over $1,600. A complete auto¬ matic intercommunicating-telephone system for such a printing-house as this would cost approximately $200, from which it is easy to figure that the installation of a good telephone system would effect a saving of at least $1,400 per year. Without such a telephone system in an establishment where the workmen are paid by the day, there is no doubt a considerable loss of time, which, however, the average manager does not at first recognize, because it has been going on probably ever since the business started. Com¬ petitors are making the chances of profit difficult, and every superintendent is looking for the reason. Here is one leak which can be easily stopped. Connect every department and the offices with a telephone, then orders, advice, and all information can be given to the foremen without causing them to leave their desks, thus allowing the mainsprings of the department to remain at the posi¬ tions in which they are of greatest value. CONCILIATION BOARD FOR BRITISH PRINTING TRADES. In this distracted world, where so many interests seem to conflict, it is difficult to see how matters are going to work out. In great Britain there are at present more moot questions pending between employers and employees of the printing trades than has been the case in years. And they are discussed with an unusual degree of earnestness, though acrimonious language has not crept into print, if any has been used. Simultaneously with this, a permanent board of conciliation has been organized. It is composed of rep¬ resentatives from the Federation of Master Printers, Amal¬ gamated Society of Lithographic Artists, Stereotypers’ and Electrotypers’ Society, National Amalgamated Society of Printers’ Warehousemen and Cutters, Printing Machine Managers’ Trade Society, Amalgamated Society of Litho¬ graphic Printers, Bookbinders’ and Machine Rulers’ Con¬ solidated Society, Lithographic Stone and Plate Preparers, Typographical Association and Scottish Typographical Association. The following rules and regulations have been agreed on to govern its procedure : 1. That a permanent board of conciliation be estab¬ lished, consisting of nine representatives of the Federation of Master Printers and nine of the Federation of Printing and Kindred Trades of the United Kingdom. 2. The objects of the board shall be to adjust questions of dispute that may be referred to them with a view to an amicable settlement of the same. 3. No strike or lockout shall be permitted until the matter in dispute has been referred to the said conciliation board. Pending the meeting of the board, any innovation, the introduction of which is complained of as likely to lead up to such threatened strike or lockout, shall be suspended. 4. The board shall meet within ten days of the receipt of notice of appeal from either party, to consider any case referred to them. 5. Each federation shall respectively appoint a secre¬ tary, who shall summon the meetings, keep the minutes and generally carry on the business of the board, under the direction of their respective members of the conciliation board. 6. All meetings shall be convened by the secretaries. 7. Five representatives on each side shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of the board. 8. The board may appoint committees from its own body to deal with any disputes or differences brought before it. Each meeting of the board, or committee, may elect its own chairman from its members, but he shall not have a second or casting vote. 9. In the event of any question being put to the vote at any meeting where the number of representatives of each side shall not happen to be equal, any member present shall have the right to claim that the voting power shall be equal¬ ized. The decision of the board, to be binding, must be car¬ ried by a majority of votes of those present entitled to vote. 10. The board shall be elected by the respective parties annually. The names of the representatives elected to the board for each year, commencing the first Monday in April, must be exchanged between the secretaries at least fourteen days before that date. 11. If any member of the board die, resign, or other¬ wise cease to be qualified, a successor shall be appointed, and should any member of the board be unable to attend any meeting of the board, a duly appointed substitute may attend in his place. 12. Should any party to a dispute referred to the board refuse to abide by any decision arrived at by the board, such party shall be considered a delinquent, and their name or names shall be reported to their respective federations to be dealt with. 13. Should either federation desire an alteration of these rules, three months’ notice shall be given in writing prior to July 1, and such notice shall at once be communi¬ cated to the members of the board, and the board shall have power to alter these rules by a majority of votes of those present and entitled to vote at its next meeting. REGULATIONS TO GOVERN PROCEDURE. (a) Any matter to be submitted to the board should be definitely and specifically drawn up in duplicate by the party lodging the complaint or appeal and forwarded to both secretaries, so as to enable the board to consider and, if possible, to give a decision upon the precise matters sub¬ mitted to them. The case to be stated, and the evidence taken, shall be scrupulously confined to the matter or mat¬ ters definitely set forth in the appeal. (b) The board shall have power to amend the appeal to effectuate the real intention of the parties where the appeal has been erroneously or insufficiently drawn up. (c) The date of the appeal shall be taken to be the date when application was made to the secretaries of the board. (d) The proceedings at an appeal shall commence by the appellants making a statement of their case, and they may call witnesses and produce evidence in support of the same. The other parties will be entitled to make a state¬ ment of their case, call witnesses and produce evidence. The appellants shall have a right to reply. All witnesses to be subject to cross-examination. (e) Witnesses shall only give evidence on matters which are within their personal knowledge, and hearsay evidence shall not be admitted. In case of illness or any other cause which makes it absolutely impossible for a wit¬ ness to be present, the written statement of such witness shall be admitted, but must be signed and attested by two witnesses. (f) All the evidence to be submitted shall be heard before the case is closed by the board and in the presence of both parties. (g) When the case has been formally closed, the par¬ ties and witnesses shall retire, and, unless at a request of a majority of the board, no further evidence shall be heard or information communicated. THE INLAND PRINTER 905 (h) If a member of the board is to represent one of the parties during the hearing, or to give evidence, he shall not sit upon the board for such case. (i) Draft minutes of all meetings shall be mutually approved by the secretaries within a short period (say five days), and the records in both minute books should be iden¬ tical therewith. (j) These regulations are for the purpose of effectu¬ ally carrying out the rules already agreed upon for the establishment and governance of the board, and any deter¬ mination of the said rules, either by effluxion of time or notice given by any of the parties thereto, will apply with equal force to these regulations. A PICTURE OF THE SAN FRANCISCO SITUATION. The title of these few lines presents about the strangest enigma that modern times have produced in the way of an industry; so strange that to solve the enigma seems almost a hopeless task, and yet to give it up would certainly bring on the ruin which seems to hang over the printing trade to-day. But what is the printer, and what is the supplyman? Is either one what would be called a real business man? Let us talk about them for a short time, any way. We do not know it all, but maybe a word may be dropped that may possess a ray of light. The Printer. — Tons and tons of paper have been used trying to explain this man. He is most certainly the hungriest outfit, for plain, simple work, that the world has produced. He knows his plant is running behind; he either knows that the piece of work he has just taken into his office is to be done at a loss, or is ignorant of the fact that it is going to be done at a loss ; but he must keep the wheels going, and seeing that he gets his stock for nothing, that is, inasmuch as he knows that he owes so much already for stock, that the supplyman does not dare to shut down upon him for fear of losing all, he is able to get enough from the job to keep the wheels turning; so “ What’s the odds? ” The printer has got so in the habit of not paying for the stock that he is really getting out of the habit of giving it any consideration, when estimating, and often just leaves it out altogether. A Little Side-light. — A few weeks ago a catalogue, thirty-two pages and cover, was turned out by an Oakland office. This office has probably as nearly accurate a time and cost system as any on the coast, the workmen who handled it being the very best, the compositor having only three errors in all his proofs. The original estimate on this work called for thirty-two pages without cover, on which three Oakland printers figured together and turned in a price of $257, and one of the largest offices in San Fran¬ cisco turned in a price of $100 less. There was twenty-five per cent profit in the Oakland price. How much profit was there in the San Francisco price? A little public spirit caused this work to be left in Oakland at the Oakland price, which, on account of changes from eight and ten to six point type, author’s changes, etc., and adding an enamel cover, brought the final price to $362.60. As the catalogue is a monthly, estimates were asked for the new issue, and after carefully working over time-sheets and so on of the first issue, and giving benefit of first expe¬ rience to the work, the Oakland price was set at $330, credit to be given of 60 cents per thousand ems, eight-point, for all standing matter, and credit of 90 cents per thousand ems, six-point, for all tabular matter. The San Francisco firm bid this time $205 to reprint the book, the actual cost of which was $247, and got the job. Those who have in the last few years made a study of costs in printing, in the San Francisco Bay cities, have found that the average printer figures a job worth 80 cents per thousand ems composition, plus 75 cents per thousand impressions, plus the cost of the paper, in case he remem¬ bers to place that article in the estimate. The question then comes, “ How does he keep his doors open? ” It’s no question at all, but a known fact — he does not pay his paper hill. Once in a while there comes into your office a fine- appearing man. He wants some printing done. He has a fine company. “ The only strictly local insurance company, with so-and-so and so-and-so at the head ” or a mining man with the finest properties ever found. “ No, that paper is hardly good enough; we want the best stock, and fine work¬ manship. We have the money and are willing to pay for what we get. We want stock certificates, and stationery, and here is the copy for the prospectus; and, by the way, here is also copy for our weekly letter. Now, these pic¬ tures are for the prospectus, and these for the letters. Yes, you had better make copper half-tones, for we want the best work.” Oh, we suckers! We have already reached for a bunch of job-tickets, and promised the proof and dummies to-mor¬ row; the customer has gone; we have spent hours writing up the jobs, sent the copy to the linotyper, stock orders to our. kind friend the stockman. Gee, what a rich strike! But did we have sand enough to ask for a deposit? Was the bill paid at the end of the month or were we given some more work instead of the money? Say, friend, do you think the bill will ever be paid? A job came into your office the other day with Bill Jones’ imprint on it. “Kearney 0670, please.” “Hello, Bill! Say, I have a job of so-and-so here with your imprint on it that you did for Smith. What did you charge him for it? Fifty dollars, eh? How did you come out? Too low, you say. Just checking it over and thought it worth $54, eh? All right, I’ll put it in at that. Thanks, Bill. Oh, by the way, Bill, how is Smith on the money question? O. K., eh? All right; good-by.” The way we often work it is, “ By George! Jones did this. It is worth $54, but I know Jones must have done it for $50, but I’ll bid in $45 and land the job.” These, fellow “ guestimators,” are one or two things which happen in our offices every day. There are others, many others; we know them; printers’ magazines and papers are full of them; it’s useless to enumerate them. Why should printers, from the largest plants to the small¬ est, be such fools? Why should we not have the pleasure of being real busi¬ ness men? Why should not we all have the confidence in each other that is given by a good association, and that would prompt us to say, “ Deposit, please, and balance at completion of the job or thirty days.” That makes it a pleasure for ourselves and for Bill Jones, when we call him up for his price. And why should not San Francisco, of all cities, have such an association. Why? You know. There is no need to tell, but would you like to see it in print? Well, it is because there are about three printers only in San Francisco with independence enough, with business sense enough, who themselves are willing to be square with their competitors, and, above all, who have sand enough, and, last but not least, because the supplyman don’t care. And that brings us to the supplyman. Who is he? Well, he is a “ damn good fellow.” He is such a good fellow that we ai'e afraid to speak his name for fear of him, and he is afraid to say “ boo ! ” for fear of us. He knows you took that job away from Bill Jgnes for twenty-five per cent less 906 THE INLAND PRINTER than Bill’s price, and he knows Bill figures low. He knows you are behind in your account, too, yet there he is, bright and early, anxious to sell you that stock 2 cents per pound cheaper than the other fellow. In fact, he makes you feel that the order belongs to him, because he has carried you so long. He knows that even after you finish the job that you do not know how much money you lost. He knows you have either a young solicitor or an old-fogy solicitor taking in work who knows no more about printing than the boy who came in from another office the other day for a “ bucketful of italic hair-spaces ” ; and that solicitor’s price goes. He knows you do not add a profit to your stock, that you do not add a percentage for fixed expenses and depreciation. He knows a thousand and one things, and, above all, that you are a bum business man. Does he sell you the stock? No, he gives it to you, and that is why he is a “ damn good fellow.” The merchants owe the printers millions of dollars, and the printers owe the supplymen millions of dollars. The amount owed the printers will never balance that owed the supplymen, yet the printers go on endeavoring to see how low they can take work, in order to take it from competitors, and the supplymen go on encouraging such action by allow¬ ing it to be done, and certainly with a knowledge that the account can never be paid with such conditions. “Yes,” they say, “your association is a fine thing; go on, and we will do anything in our power to help it along.” And then they don’t, but rather do everything in their power to help the man outside to break your association, instead of saying, “ Here, Smith, get in and be good.” It seems as though it is time for the supplyman to forget the printers and help himself along. How? By refusing credit, and closing out the printers who owe them? Well, hardly, for as they would only realize about thirty- five per cent it would hardly pay. But there is one thing that could happen which would make it possible for the printer to get a fair profit on his output, and also make it possible for the supplyman to collect for all future sales, and gradually pay off the old account, and that is simply a first-class printers’ association. It’s up to the printer. Yes? And it is just as much up to the supplyman. When you, Mr. Printer, want a fair profit on your work, you may have it, and when you, Mr. Supplyman, want to sell stock and receive your pay at the end of the month, you can have your wish. The failure of all San Francisco associations have been caused by one man going wrong for the sake of taking one job from his competitor, and the supplyman has completed the failure by giving the stock. Between them they have not only lowered their own business standing, but that of the whole printing industry. Oakland is somewhat of a joke, to be sure, but Oakland printers have made a success of their association, and have established a fair price for printing, and every one in Oak¬ land gets that price or else lets the work go to San Fran¬ cisco for forty per cent less. Why have Oakland printers made a success? Because, to an association printer in Oakland there is no one job, there is no one print-shop, and there is no one supply house that he would not sacrifice instantly for his association. It seems as though it were about time for those who compose the printing industry of the coast to quit being kids, and get together on a square business basis. Any ten men in any city, with a little sand, can settle the prob¬ lem in that city. Are there ten such men in San Francisco? — The Franklin Printer. STEREOTYPERS’ AND ELECTROTYPERS’ CONVENTION. IFTY-FIVE delegates, assembled in the Coates House, Kansas City, on Monday, August 16, constituted the eighth annual convention of the International Stereotypers’ and Electrotypers’ Union. There was the usual complement of visitors and the expected amount of heat, but, after the time-honored addresses of welcome were delivered, the delegates buckled down to the task con¬ fronting them. The first proposition of magnitude was one providing for the adoption of an insurance measure. No definite plan was outlined, but the earnest consideration of the idea pre¬ sented was vigorously urged. During the week several plans, elaborate and simple, were introduced, discussed and finally laid to rest by small negative votes. The last attempt at a compromise was an amendment providing for an increase in the burial benefit from the present rate of $60 to $360. This proposition resulting in a tie vote, the chair declined to vote and declared the motion lost. The agreement entered into by the officers of the Inter¬ national Stereotypers’ and Electrotypers’ Union and the International Printing Pressmen’s Union providing for a practical elimination of combination situations was ratified by the convention after a thorough discussion. That the amendment mill had not grown rusty or use¬ less during its twelve months’ rest was evidenced by the number of changes to the constitution and by-laws, which poured out in an unceasing stream during the convention. Space limits constrain us to make but brief reference to those of general import. The delegates approved an alliance agreement looking to a closer and more effective defensive and offensive pact among the unions of the printing trades. It goes to the joint conference board, and, if adopted, will make the unions invincible. Another pioneer effort was a proposition providing for adoption, by joint action of all international unions in the printing industry, of a common meeting-place and date for the holding of annual conventions. This permits of greater unanimity of action, which is impossible under existing circumstances, and a more tolerant attitude toward con¬ flicting trade views. A proposition paving the way for the establishment of a technical school was adopted through the approval of a recommendation of the executive board that each local union appoint a committee, composed of its best-informed artisans, to study this subject and train and instruct apprentices within its jurisdiction, and report the results to the next convention. It is expected that out of these experiments will come a practical, effective and natural system, through which each apprentice will be developed into a technician and mechanic who will be a source of honor and strength to the organization. The action of the Stereotypers’ and Electrotypers’ Union officials in agreeing with the other international union officials to make common cause against secession in any form was unanimously concurred in. The question of a stereotypers’ and electrotypers’ label was effectually and definitely disposed of, by asking the joint conference board to permit the use of the allied printing trades’ label-design, with all lettering, but elimi¬ nating the words “Union Label,” the initials “I. S. & E. U.” to be used in lieu thereof. The solution of the problem of establishing and main- THE INLAND PRINTER 907 taining a plane of comparative competitive equality among employers was attempted through legislation extending the jurisdiction of local unions in cities of 50,000 inhabitants to a radius of fifty miles. This was defeated, but those behind the movement express themselves as satisfied with the educational work accomplished. Those clamoring for more educational features scored by securing the adoption of a provision requiring the inser¬ tion in every local union’s “ order of business ” of an item allowing and calling for the free and full discussion of various phases of the labor question and kindred subjects. Stereotypers’ unions being comparatively small, numer¬ ically speaking, some organizations find it difficult to enter¬ tain the delegates, though they would like to have the convention. To meet this contingency, it was decided to select the convention city two years in advance. Conform¬ ably to this idea, Omaha was chosen for the 1910 conven¬ tion and Detroit selected for the following year. Steps were also taken to curb the tendency toward extravagant and distracting entertainment. While the physical discomforts experienced by delegates unaccustomed to the sweltering, blistering heat of Mis¬ souri were almost unendurable, the natural irascibility of temperament usually attending such atmospheric abnor¬ malities did not exhibit itself either in debate or in the legislation. The spirit of forbearance seemed to pervade the most heated debate, and the result was a record that can be held up to the public’s gaze without blush of shame or need of apology. The energy of all was directed to doing things worth while; the experience-bought wisdom of the past twelve months was fashioned into regenerative agencies that will operate to -the elevation of the craft, while drawing its members in closer and more intimate relation with their fellows in the other branches of the trade, not only to be better able to meet a common foe, but to establish through cooperative effort a feeling of deeper regard and higher respect for the unions of the printing trades on the part of employers, by our zeal and earnestness in protecting that community of interests which demands friendship and not enmity for its proper safeguarding. WOMAN’S AUXILIARY OF THE INTERNATIONAL TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION. The seventh annual session of the Woman’s Interna¬ tional Auxiliary of the Typographical Union met at the Lyseum Theater, at St. Joseph, Missouri, simultaneously with the main organization. The ladies have a chaplain, who opens the sessions with prayer, but in many other respects their method of procedure follows closely that of the union. In her address, the president — Mrs. Charles Herten- stein, of St. Louis — complained of lack of interest by members of the union in the auxiliary and its work. She thought this was due to ignorance of the auxiliary’s aims and purposes. Dissatisfied with a membership of some¬ thing more than eleven hundred, Mrs. Hertenstein urged the members to become more persistent in organization work, so that men printers may become better acquainted with the purposes of the auxiliary. During the year seven locals were organized, and the preliminaries to the forma¬ tion of four others had been completed. The finances are in fair condition, and the fund for the erection of a monu¬ ment in the Union Printers’ Home Cemetery has been nearly doubled during the year. When they go to conventions, ladies do not forget the art of patching and mending, as the law committee had a goodly workbasketful of amendments to the laws. A num¬ ber of communications were read from absent ones, voicing prayers for success and much love for the members of the auxiliary. The central feature of the convention was what Presi¬ dent Hertenstein called the “ Chicago affair.” It occupied considerable space in her report, in which she recounted what the officers had done to carry out the instructions of last year’s convention. It ordered the revocation of the charter of the then Chicago auxiliary and the organization of a new one, composed of persons who had never been members of an auxiliary. By the time the officers sought to carry out these instructions Chicago Typographical Union No. 16 had officially investigated the affair, and found that the action of the Boston convention had been taken without due deliberation and without affording the offending auxiliary or its officials proper opportunity to present a defense. For these reasons Chicago union asked the auxiliary officials to ignore the mandate of last year’s convention. They not only refused to comply with the request, but inquired where Chicago union derived its authority to interfere as investigator or adviser. The new auxiliary was organized, but the dechartered one refused to die; it retained the precious paraphernalia and cher¬ ished seal and proceeded to say its say, by circular and otherwise, distributing at St. Joseph a twelve-page pam¬ phlet, containing its history of the case. On the first day of the convention Mr. George Knott, president of Chicago Typographical Union, appeared and asked permission to address the convention. It was promptly moved, seconded and carried, “ that no address be heard at this time.” Mr. Knott, having been up and down the line of life, is a tenacious personage, and “ ’jes’ hung ’round,” hoping to have an opportunity to make that address. Then the ladies adopted a resolution declaring that no communi¬ cation should be received from any person, etc., repre¬ senting organizations such as the Chicago auxiliary. Later another resolution was adopted, instructing locals to put a similar ban on such persons and communications, for the Chicago affair was a closed incident. On the last day a delegate expressed the belief that the Chicago representa¬ tive at Boston should have been “ allowed a chance to prove herself innocent or guilty,” before being expelled, and a point of order being raised, the primitive-minded delegate was declared out of order under the rules. All of which shows that as administrators of closure the ladies would make the late Speaker Reed and Premier Gladstone feel like amateurs. But Mr. Knott had his fun. He presented to the men’s convention a resolution eliminating from the International Typographical Union statutes all reference to the auxil¬ iary, alleging that it had departed from the main idea that prompted its formation. When the ladies heard of that there was a flutter in the dovecotes. They passed a reso¬ lution asking the men to do no such thing and adjourned for the purpose of visiting their convention. Mr. Knott’s proposition died ingloriously, to the plaudits of the visiting “ gallery.” During one of the sessions there was an experience meeting, and the speakers told how their respective auxil¬ iaries visited sick and distressed union printers in hos¬ pitals and at their homes and the valiant fights they had put up for the union label. In the entertainment line, the women put it over the men. While they attended, or were free to attend, all the events given in honor of the big convention, there were exclusive functions, from which the lords of creation were barred. 908 THE INLAND PRINTER EDUCATION PRESSMEN WANT SUGGESTIONS. President Berry, of the International Printing Press¬ men’s Union, has appointed the following commissioners of technical education : Frank Pampusch, editor of the Amer¬ ican Pressman; James J. Kelly, Cincinnati Pressmen’s Union, No. 11; William Geary, Chicago Pressmen’s Union, No. 3; Frank Dermody, St. Louis Web Pressmen’s Union, No. 2; John Cashion, Kansas City Pressmen’s Union, No. 16; E. A. Andrews, New York Pressmen’s Union, No. 51; John Donnelly, New York Press Assistants’ Union, No. 23. The commission will meet within the next thirty days. This is the result of a resolution supported by Mr. Berry and adopted at the recent convention. That the commission will have its troubles is scented from afar by the editorial statement in the American Pressman that “ suggestions are in order now relating to the subject of technical education,” as the officials are anxious to get in touch with every one who has ideas on the subject. If the problem is approached in a large way, it is within the bounds of possibility that much will be achieved toward placing presswork on a more scientific basis. The sim¬ plification of many problems will not only result in better work, but in easier accomplishment. The pressmen should receive every encouragement in their effort to elevate their craft. Now is the time for those who have been lamenting the prevalence of incompetency in the pressroom to come forward with remedies. COMPOSITORS SHOULD BECOME DESIGNERS. A well-known newspaper publisher who never set a line of type, but who likes to keep in touch with the forces of his composing-rooms — for he publishes more than one daily paper — is fond of telling his business and social friends of the mental superiority of printers. Financiers and merchant princes look askance when he tells them they haven’t the grasp on affairs that is rife in the composing- room, while his editors and reporters scoff, at a safe dis¬ tance. Yet that publisher has induced one or two of his wealthy friends to seek out the printerman, and they have been surprised at his intellectual range and mental agility. The intelligence of the compositor is not all pleasant editorial fiction. Internal conditions in modern printing- offices do not stimulate initiative and this has a tendency to produce a disposition that is self-depreciating, and which cools the ardor of many who possess the germ of ambition. Compositors are possibly no worse than others in that respect, but they should wake up, for their lethargy causes more waste than is the case with the ordinary run of men. That there is a demand for typographic designers, is proved by the weird failures that sometimes undertake to do the work. With comparatively little study compositors can acquire a knowledge of the principles of design, and their typographic sense precludes their making fools of them¬ selves. Indeed, a combination of their knowledge as com¬ positors and designers would give them an enviable position in the “ higher ” branch. We reproduce from the Austra¬ lasian Typographic Journal an article which depicts the sort of ignorance that occasionally imposes on the printing¬ buying public. The writer thinks it is time “ to put a red- hot bodkin into the vitals of these fellows.” So say we all of us, but let the “ red-hot bodkin ” be a fuller utilization of the powers of the printer, when his superiority will drive mediocrity and inferiority out of the market, a remedy that did not seem to occur to the Australian who wrote this : “ The type world of Australia is at present suffering from a plethora of so-called ‘ advertising and printing experts.’ The flotsam and jetsam of the overcrowded desk professions appear to be taking themselves to this class of work. Like the lantana bush, Bathurst burr and prickly pear, the pest is springing up around us, and it will be some time ere the roots are eradicated. Anyone with porpoise-hide effrontery who can possess himself of an old typewriter, a few bottles of red and black ink, and rent a 12 by 8 office, can trumpet forth as an expert in the design¬ ing of advertisements, catalogues, booklets and general printing work. Many who have entered the business as a mere ‘ try-on ’ are making money out of it at the cost of the patience and expense of the printer. The wonder is that business houses of repute allow such ‘ botchers ’ and ‘ messers ’ to touch the work. Their crude ideas can add nothing to the beauty of the job, and who is daring enough to acknowledge that they can facilitate its production? There are a few competent job and advertisement designers in Australia, but in their train comes an army of bounders and wasters, who have picked up a few ideas from the Yankee advertising magazines, and whose knowledge of printing is confined to a smattering of the point system. “ A flash, voluble French- Americanadian struck an Aus¬ tralian city not long ago. He considered himself to be the very last syllable in modern advertising, and boasted about inaugurating a new era in the matter of newspaper pub¬ licity in the commonwealth. He foisted himself onto a shrewd universal provider of good repute. To the composi¬ tors he proved himself to be the champion ‘ faker ’ of his class. He was mad on borders. ‘ Oh, yes ; put zee black border round it; but I do not want such a big border as dat,’ pointing to a chase lying on the stone. “ Not satisfied with the width of the columns, he wished his blocks to extend onto the margins of the paper. He had no ideas of his own, and his overwhelming conceit would not allow him to acknowledge the good ideas of others. He spent money freely, but for pulling proofs to pieces there was never such a wolf. The clerical staff avoided him, and the compositors (long suffering and slow to wrath) gave him up in lurid disgust — sent him to Bally- connell. One day he rushed into the linotype-room of one of our dailies and, dumping down an armful of blocks and closely typed copy into the cage, said to the astounded overseer : ‘ I care not at all how zee set zee ad., but, mon Dieu, put zee prices in leetle black fig-u-r-es.’ “ This was his last effort at advertisement designing here. He lost no time in taking a departure for his native Canada, where his Australian experiences, if truthfully told, should give much amusement to our brother typos. “ Our weekly newspaper hands of the cities are well acquainted with the vagaries and demands of the bogus designer. It is not an unusual thing for them to receive a 4-inch double-column advertisement, written out on a sheet of foolscap folio, double-bordered, with block in cen¬ ter, and matter (enough to fill half a column) to be set in 12-point Cheltenham italic, with main lines in 48 and 24 point Post. The position of the advertisement, too, must be on the top of a column, right-hand, next to reading mat- THE INLAND PRINTER 909 ter. A paragraph in the news columns is asked for, and will the printer be good enough to supply twelve proofs on calendered paper? The advertisement, also, must not appear until marked ‘ 0. K.’ by its ingenious draughtsman. When the proof comes back it represents the appearance of an energetic prawn having been dipped into a bottle of ink and sent on an indefinite journey. “ A good way of getting rid of the pest is to set up his job as planned, and send the proof, not to the ‘ expert,’ but to the manager of the business house he is foisting himself upon, pointing out the ridiculous impossibilities demanded by the ‘ try-on ’ genius, also, at the same time, enclosing a proof of your own setting of the job. No doubt it is a strong action, and one which these half-baked ‘ experts ’ look upon with positive terror ; but it is an effective way of getting rid of a nuisance that is gathering strength in Aus¬ tralia to-day, and getting a living by sucking the brains of people who have made a life’s study of type harmony. “ It is time to put a red-hot bodkin into the vitals of these fellows. They can no more design a job than a bandi¬ coot can whistle like a canary.” KING EDWARD LAUDS INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION. While laying the foundation stone of the new building of the Imperial College of Science and Technology, at South Kensington, London, King Edward gave a helping hand to the campaign in favor of higher scientific education, to the lack of which most public speakers here are in the habit of attributing England’s loss of ground in her industrial race with America and Germany. After emphasizing the “ supreme importance ” of the highest specialized instruction in science, especially in its application to industry, the king continued: “ I feel more and more convinced as time goes on that prosperity, -and even the very safety and existence of our country, depend on the quality of scientific technical train¬ ing of those who are to guide and control our industries. With the present rapid growth of knowledge, specialism of a high order is necessary to success.” — Chicago Post. GROWTH OF EDUCATIONAL MOVEMENT IN UNIONS. Our report of the proceedings of the typographical union convention shows that trade education consumed an increasing portion of the time of the delegates. There can be no doubt as to the earnestness and sincerity of those who participated in the making and adoption of these regulations and reports. The I. T. U. Commission had a display of students’ work on exhibition that compelled the admiration and roused the enthusiasm of those who saw it. Spectators spoke of it in the most laudatory terms, and all were convinced that not only could a great deal be taught by correspondence, but that the commission was doing it. An employing printer of a near-by city, who viewed the exhibit, returned home and sent his son to see it, expressing the opinion it was of value to every ambitious compositor as a demonstration of the possibilities of the art. The work shown ranged all the way from first les¬ sons in lettering by students and cover-pages, etc., of those who were straight-matter compositors before taking the course, to the most ambitious efforts of Mr. Trezise. It must not be imagined that that gentleman was alone in work of the higher class, for several of his pupils had specimens on display that he could not excel, or perhaps equal. With such an object-lesson under their eyes and Presi¬ dent Lynch’s comment that its educational work was among the most worthy of the union’s projects, small wonder that the delegates were impressed. Indeed, they hungered for more educational 'work, and again instructed the I. T. U. Commission to immediately prepare a course on estimating and ascertainment of costs that will be of service to jour¬ neymen about to embark in business. This is a direct result of recent discussions on the lack of business acumen among employing printers. If the commission can meet the requirements of this mandate it will undoubtedly bestow a benefit on the craft. Solicitation for the welfare of apprentices was a marked feature of the legislation. Following the lead of President Lynch, the law was amended so as to make it obligatory on union employers “ to give apprentices a show ” at var¬ ious branches of the business. Local unions were also rec¬ ommended to insert a clause in agreements with employers whereby apprentices will be required to take the I. T. U. course. This probably forecasts what will prove to be the settled policy in regard to apprentices. On one hand the employer will gradually be brought to realize his duty toward the apprentice, accompanied by recognition .of the fact that if a boy will not take sufficient interest in his work to become a student he will not be of much credit or value to the office and likely to become a burden to the craft. This end will not be reached in a day or a year, but the trend is undoubtedly in that direction, and that there is a clear road to the goal is proof of the advance made in the last few years. The apprentice is coming into his own. THE I. T. U. COURSE IN NEW YORK. In its annual report to New York Typographical Union, its auxiliary committee on trade education relates its efforts to arouse interest in the I. T. U. Course, and says: “ Your committee regards its experience in this matter as one of disappointment and one showing a distinct lack of interest on the part of employers, which does not com¬ port favorably with the pretended anxiety regarding the training of those who are to carry on the work of printing in the future. “As for the attitude of the chairmen of chapels and the membership of our union, it may be characterized as one of apathy that is somewhat difficult to understand if one grants that our membership is cognizant of the fact that the I. T. U. Course in Printing offsets in large degree the havoc now in progress in our craft by some very unfavor¬ able influences which may be briefly pointed out : “ First — The typesetting machines are operated by adults. This condition takes away from the apprentice the opportunity of gaining certain necessary knowledge that need not be detailed here. “ Second — - The serious inroads made by the many non¬ printer artist designers. This condition is forcing the job compositors to be mere lay-out followers instead of cre¬ ators of style in display work. “ Third — The ‘ daily time-ticket,’ which records the compositor’s time on work for every minute in the day. This condition makes it utterly impossible for a compositor to pause in his work — no matter how willing he might be — to instruct the apprentice. “ Fourth — In every printing establishment there are on file many applications for the foremanship. This con¬ dition keeps the man who happens to be the incumbent ‘ on the jump.’ He is busy * making good ’ to hold his job. Therefore, he has little or no time to instruct apprentices. “ Fifth — The specialization of work, which has been going on for some years, has caused many of our members 910 THE INLAND PRINTER to forget much of their ‘ picked-up ’ craft skill, so that when the average man is out of employment he is forced to wait for an opening in his specialty instead of being able to take hold of anything ‘ on the hook.’ “ Other bad conditions that stand in the way of progress might be enumerated, but the foregoing suffices to make out a case.” THE NEED OF HIGH IDEALS. One of the noblest sights this world offers is a young man bent upon making the most of himself. Alas! that so many seem not to care what they become — men in stature, but not yet born into the world of purpose and attainment; babes in their comprehension of life! A cigar, a horse, a flirtation, a suit of clothes, a carouse, a low play or dance, and just enough work to attain such things, or got without work. What an introduction to manhood and duties! One can not thus rate in life, and make himself master of it, or get any real good out of it. A part of his folly may ooze out as the burdens of life press on him. A necessity may drive to sober labor, but he will halt and stumble to the end. It is a sad thing to begin life with low conceptions of it. There is no misfortune comparable to youth without a sense of nobility. Better be born blind than not to see the glory of life. It is not, indeed, possible for a young man to measure life, but it is possible to cherish that lofty and sacred enthusiasm which the dawn of life awakens. — Anon. EXHIBITION OF PRINTING IN LIBRARIES. Out of the exhibition of printing held at Newark, New Jersey, has come the suggestion from Librarian Dana and the officers of the typographical union of that city that a traveling exhibition of printing be established, the work to be sent from one public library to another. The matter has been referred to the I. T. U. Commission on Supplemental Trade Education, which will probably prepare the exhibit. The purpose of the exhibition will be to demonstrate to the public, in the words of Mr. Dana, “ that printing is not alto¬ gether like manual labor and digging a ditch, of which a good many minds are as yet ignorant.” If the libraries can be induced to cooperate, this effort to develop an apprecia¬ tion of good printing and of artistic quality of our workers, should develop into an educational movement of no mean proportions. SLIGHT CHANGE IN PRINTERS’ LEAGUE CON¬ VENTION DATE. The committee of arrangements for the proposed con¬ vention, under the auspices of the New York branch of the Printers’ League of America, has decided to change the date from September 23, 24 and 25 to September 22, 23 and 24. The object of the change is to permit visitors to have Saturday, September 25, free, so that they may enjoy the initial parade of the great Hudson-Fulton celebration. LOCATING MAIL BY COLOR. The Postoffice Department of Belgium has been seri¬ ously considering a regulation by which envelopes of mail matter should have different colors, according to the desti¬ nation of the address, to assist the clerks in the sorting of mail; thus, all letters for delivery in Brussels might have red envelopes, those for the other parts of Belgium yellow ones, and those for foreign countries green ones. Such a regulation would, no doubt, assure greater accuracy and speed in the forwarding of mail matter. Written for The Inland Printer. OVERHEARD ON THE NEWSPAPER. BY S. H. H ORGAN. ■HEN the elder Bennett lacked a sensation he would fall back on an attack on the Catholic Church. Being a Catholic himself he evi¬ dently felt that the Old Church had grown so used to attack that it could stand it better than any other institution. After one of these attacks a priest replied to it from the pulpit on the following Sunday. In those days much atten¬ tion was paid to sermons, so a reporter told Bennett on Sunday afternoon that his priest had denounced him and his paper from the pulpit. “ Gie him plunty o’ rope, plunty o’ rope,” was all the delighted Bennett answered, in his rough Scotch brogue, meaning that the priest should have all the space needed in the paper in the expectation that he would hang himself eventually. One day the elder Bennett came into a room where he found Aleck Hudson, his managing editor, and one of the staff disputing over a question of grammar. Hudson said : “ Let Mr. Bennett decide. You see, Lindley Murray holds - ” “ Tae hull wi’ Lindley Murray,” interrupts Bennett, “ write so that folk’ll ken whot ye’re writin’ aboot — thot’s English Grrrammerr.” During the writer’s early days on the New York Tribune he worked ten to twelve hours a day and three hundred and sixty-five days a year. Meeting Donald Nicholson, the managing editor, one day, the latter asked how he was getting along. “ Very well, Mr. Nicholson, for a man working three hundred and sixty-five days a year.” “And twenty-four hours a day? ” “ 0, not quite twenty-four hours a day.” “ Well, you must know,” said Mr. Nicholson, “ that Mr. Greeley used to hold that no man should go into the newspaper business unless he could afford to give twenty- four hours a day to it.” How Homer Davenport got his $300 a week salary out of W. R. Hearst was in this fashion: Hearst had taken away from Joseph Pulitzer, R. F. Outcault and the “ Yel¬ low Kid,” and Pulitzer wanted to retaliate, so he sent Kennealy, now with Harmsworth, to offer Davenport double his salary to come over on the World. Davenport said he would like to confer with Mr. Hearst first. So Hearst offered him, to remain, $300 a week, a contract for a number of years and a trip to Europe. So, Davenport reported to Kennealy the inducements that had decided him to stay with Mr. Hearst. When Kennealy told Mr. Pulitzer why his negotiations had failed, Mr. Pulitzer joy¬ fully exclaimed : “ That’s good. I would not want that man Davenport on my paper, but I am glad to make him expensive for Hearst.” The great international yacht races were on. Shamrock I. had met her first defeat. The night before the second race, the city editor of the New York Herald stood in the doorway of his room and called out to a political reporter: “ Say, Brown, what do you know about yacht racing? ” “ I don’t know the first damn thing, sir.” “ That’s good. I want you to write the lead on the yachting story to-morrow.” THE INLAND PRINTER 911 TRADE NOTES Brief mention of men and events associated with the printing and allied industries will be published under this heading. Items for this department should be sent before the tenth day of the month. Relief for Unemployed. — At its August meeting, New York Typographical Union voted to place $2,500 at the dis¬ posal of the Benefit Board, to relieve the present necessities of such members as are unemployed. — Brooklyn Eagle. Gotham Master Printers Have New Secretary. — John E. Meyer has been elected secretary of the New York Master Printers’ Association, succeeding Charles Paulus, well known in connection with the board-of-trade movement. Printers’ Union Aids in School Fight. — Memphis is anxious to secure the Tennessee Western Normal School, and the typographical union there has donated $100 to a fund that is being raised for the purpose of getting the institution. Smith-Brooks Wayzgoose.— - In Denver printerdom the annual wayzgoose of the Smith-Brooks Printing Company is regarded as an event. It is invariably an unqualified success, and the eleventh one, which was held at Dome Rock in the Platte Canon, on Saturday, August 14, was no exception to the rule. The incidental printing is embel¬ lished with an illustration showing a handsome, saucy- looking goose. “ Big Six ” Wants to Build. — New York’s big typo¬ graphical union has decided to make an effort to become its own landlord. A plan for the erection of a building has been approved. It contemplates raising $75,000 through the sale of bonds, and a committee is now endeavoring to secure the money. Though this union pays $4,000 a year office rent, etc., doubt is expressed as to the committee’s ability to score successfully in its efforts to erect a $250,000 building. The J. B. Savage Picnic. — Employees of the J. B. Savage Company, the well-known Cleveland (Ohio) firm, held their picnic at Avon Beach on August 14. There were a baseball game between the married and single men and ten other events, including a spelling contest, in which the first prize was a year’s subscription to The Inland Prin¬ ter. The participants made a day of it, as the cars left the city at 8 a.m., returning at 6:30 p.m., and the athletic events were commenced at 9:30 a.m. Melbourne Overseers Dine. — While American prin¬ terdom is picnicking, getting out-of-doors, and “ eating light,” the Melbourne Printers’ Overseers’ Association reminds us that there are other lands and other seasons. The reminder is in the shape of a handsome souvenir of the association’s annual dinner. It was given in June, and the menu, with its “ oysters au naturel,” is in sharp con¬ trast to the iced tea and canteloupe that figure on domestic bills of fare. Chicago Old-time Printers Have Basket Picnic. — It has become axiomatic in Chicago that the Old-time Prin¬ ters’ Association’s social affairs — and it has no other — are always successful. This year the annual basket picnic is announced for Saturday afternoon, August 28, at Hum¬ boldt Park. Fine weather — and the promise at this writ¬ ing is that it will be fine — is all that is needed to insure a notable gathering of old, youthful and prospective printers, for the old-timers admonish their friends to “ bring the little ones.” Printer Candidate for Mayor of New York. — Ed¬ ward F. Cassidy, vice-president of Typographical Union No. 6, has been nominated by the Socialist party for Mayor of New York. Mr. Cassidy is a serious-minded, studious person. Of recent years he has been devoting much time to the prosecution of the fight against the Butterick firm, for which he worked before the eight-hour strike. He is said to have the distinction of being the only avowed Social¬ ist party member elected and reelected to a prominent office in “ Big Six.” Boston’s Municipal Printing-plant.— Though highly commended for his efficient management, Superintendent James H. Smyth says Boston should abandon its municipal printing-plant. He declares that the city has lost $1,000,- 000 during the twelve years of its existence, previous administrations being charged with inefficiency, extrava¬ gance and dishonesty. Superintendent Smyth claims to have effected a saving of $75,000 in the past year, but nevertheless he is convinced that Boston would make money by reverting to the contract system. Francis Press Family Outing. — With printing credit¬ able to the best traditions of the house, the Charles Francis Press Mutual Benefit Society announced its first family outing and games, which were held at Donnelly’s Park, College Point, Long Island, on August 14. There were several athletic events, a baseball match between the Francis Press nine and the Garrick Press Club, dancing, a drawing for a silver service and a dinner. The society has seventy-five members, pays a sick benefit of $7 a week, and rejoices in a bank account of more than $400. Former Public Printer Stillings to Enter Customs Service. — A Washington dispatch to the Chicago Inter Ocean says that Mr. Loeb — known to fame as former Presi¬ dent Roosevelt’s secretary and now collector of the port of New York — contemplates appointing Charles A. Stillings, former public printer, to a position of trust in the customs service. Stillings’ friends and unprejudiced observers have expressed the opinion that he was the victim of the peculiar political methods of Mr. Roosevelt, and construe Mr. Loeb’s action as indicative of his faith in and sympathy for Mr. Stillings. The Auto Falcon & Waite Die Press Company, which recently moved from New York to Chicago, is now estab¬ lished in the Rand-McNally building, Chicago. A small but complete printing-plant has been added in connection with the sales offices, for the exploitation of the “ Falcon Automatic ” and the “ Express Falcon ” presses under power. The smoothness and speed of operation of these automatic machines make the exhibit a fascinating one — and automatic machinery doing its work perfectly is very fascinating to the printer in these days of intense compe¬ tition. The exhibit is one that every printer would do well to visit. Public Printer Donnelly as an Economist. — Word comes from Washington that Public Printer Donnelly has not only been able to administer the Government Printing Office within the appropriation made by Congress for the last fiscal year, but has been able to cover back into the Treasury $400,000 of the appropriation, which he found to be in excess of his needs. If memory serves, this is the 912 THE INLAND PRINTER first time in the history of the great printing-office that such a happening can be recorded. It is the usual thing to wind up the fiscal year with a deficiency. However, his friends knew that Mr. Donnelly would make good all along the line. — Brooklyn Eagle. Law Reporter’s Picnic to Employees. — Decidedly out- of-the-ordinary printing, both as to matter and treatment, heralded the Law Reporter Printing Company’s ’09 out¬ ing to its employees on July 24 last, when the outfit journeyed from Washington, D. C., to Chesapeake Beach. There was a Maryland dinner, a baseball game between compositors and pressroom people, and aquatic events, such as running and tub races, long-distance swim under water, polo game and water battle. In the program several stock cuts were used to illustrate some of the witticisms with which it abounds. Mark W. Moore, the manager, is a popu¬ lar personage in Washington, and the press reported the outing as being more than ordinarily successful, even according to Law Reporter standards. Ellick Goes to Omaha. — F. I. Ellick, who has served as secretary of the Ben Franklin Club, of Chicago, for more than a year and acquired preeminence as an authority on costs, severed his connection with that body on August 28. Mr. Ellick’s departure is regarded with sincere regret by Chicago printers, who are tendering him a farewell dinner as we go to press, and the feeling is reciprocated by the former secretary. He is going with the Omaha Printing Company, in which he has secured an interest. It is said Mr. Ellick refused the company’s first offer, and when it asked him to name his terms accepted them instantly. Walter D. Moody, secretary of the Chicago Association of Commerce, stated publicly that Mr. Ellick’s services were worth $15,000 a year to the printers of the Windy City. Boxing the Compass on a Contract. — Alderman Brown, one of the city fathers of Peoria, Illinois, is a mem¬ ber of the Brown-Williams Printing Company, which was the successful bidder for some city printing. It was found that State law and city ordinances frowned on officials being contractors, so Mr. Brown had an interesting prob¬ lem to solve. He announced his retirement from the firm, saying he had sold his interest to Merritt B. Palmer, a well- known local printer, but more recently a police lieutenant, who became president of the company. Though it devel¬ oped that Mr. Palmer had undertaken to give the alderman employment, the council ordered the clerk' and mayor to sign the contract. The Duroc Printing Company and Bee¬ hive Press protested against this action, and the Peoria Journal says it is probable the affair will be carried higher. Spokane Graphic-arts Men Have Mass Picnic. — The printers of Spokane have planned for an annual summer affair, which will be known by the old English trade term of “ wayzgoose.” More than five hundred persons attended the initial event, which was held on July 21. The job offices were closed all day, giving the men engaged in the paper, printing and engraving industries a chance to attend the picnic with their families and friends. This contingent left for the grounds at 10 a.m. The morning newspaper men departed at 1:15 p.m. in a special train and were in time for the program of old-fashioned sports. They left the grounds at 6:15, returning to Spokane at 7 o’clock. Printers from the evening papers went early in the eve¬ ning, remaining to attend the dance and vaudeville pro¬ gram in the pavilion. In this manner the entire trade was included in the joymakers, and the scheme was voted an immense success. Among the athletic events was a novelty in the shape of a goose chase on the lake, which was won by a gentleman rejoicing in the litigious name of J. L. Tichbourne. The Oldest Active Printer in the United States. — Mr. Francis P. Whittemore has been located in the building at 143 Main street, Nashua, New Hampshire, for sixty-five years. He has been actively engaged in the printing busi¬ ness for sixty-eight years, and is the oldest active printer in the United States. Mr. Whittemore was born in Peter- boro, New Hampshire, March 29, 1825, and there educated in the public schools. He came to Nashua, New Hamp¬ shire, in 1840, and a year later began to learn the trade. In 1845 he went to Palmer, Massachusetts, and started a paper, continuing for one year, then returned to Nashua, New Hampshire, and bought the Nashua Gazette. With his brother, B. B. Whittemore, he conducted this paper for forty-three years, issuing a daily in 1872 and selling out in 1889. In 1890 he became established in the job-printing business, and has been actively engaged at it ever since. Mr. Whittemore is a printer of the old school, competent to handle any branch of the trade, something that present- day printers are rarely capable of doing, owing to its being the age of specialties. His office is well equipped and pro¬ duces a good amount of commercial printing. The dean of the profession enjoys good health, walks to his office and back every day, and, when the writer called on him, was sitting on a stool distributing eight-point type as actively as a man fifty years of age. He is entertaining and enjoy¬ able company, as he delights in recalling the different events in his unusually busy life, and, to all appearances, will continue for several years as a useful member of the busi¬ ness. — Joseph B. Tivnan. THE INLAND PRINTER 913 NEW YORKERS BASEBALL CHAMPIONS. The second annual tournament of the Union Printers’ National Baseball League, held at Chicago, August 14 to 18, was such an unqualified success as to label it the most ambitious effort in amateur baseball. New York captured the final game and the trophy emblematic of the champion¬ ship, by a score of 8 to 2. The visitors swooped down on Chicago about four hundred strong, the Eastern contin¬ gent putting up at the Auditorium, and from their arrival in the Windy City to the moment of their departure there was not a dull minute, this notwithstanding the fact that it was impossible to play the opening games, owing to a heavy rain. According to the original schedule, Philadelphia was to play New York, and Boston try conclusions with Washing¬ ton, on Saturday afternoon. Rain preventing play on that day, three games were played on Sunday at the White Sox grounds, resulting as follows : Boston . 2 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 x— 7 Washington - 0 0 2 0 2 0 1 1 0—6 Philadelphia ...0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0—2 New York . 1 0 3 0 2 3 2 2 x — 13 Chicago . 9 3 0 0 0 1 x —13 Cincinnati . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 On Monday three more games were played — which “ made even ” on the original schedule — with these results : Boston . 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 — 4 New York . 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 x— 5 St. Louis . 0 1 5 1 0-0 1 1 1 — 10 Pittsburg . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0—0 St. Louis . 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0—4 Chicago . 2 1 1 0 0 0 3 1 x — 8 New York and Chicago players having established their supremacy as representatives of the East and West, respec¬ tively, in the elimination series, the final contest was between them. It was played on Tuesday, August 17, and resulted in a walk-over for the near-Giants. The score by which the Westerners were defeated and New York won the Herrmann cup follows : Cline, 2b . CHICAGO. AB. R. H. . 5 0 0 P. 2 A. E. 5 1 0 Christy, 3b . ± 1 1 4 0 Pierce, p . 2 0 0 Halvorsen, lb . Cuddy, rf . Schoen, cf . Brenton, If . Portmess, p . . 2 0 0 • . 4 0 0 . 3 0 0 . 1 o 0 -14 - 0 ■■■ 1 0 2 2 0 1 -.-'1 0 6 2 2 0 Totals . . 31 2 3 24 17 7 G. Bund, cf . Johnson, ss . NEW YORK. AB. R. H. . 4 1 0 . 4 2 2 P. 1 1 A. E. 0 1 6 0 W. Bund, If . Roach, 3b . . 4 2 3 0 0 1 1 . 4 1 1 8 0 0 Corbettf 2b . Hagan, rf . . 4 0 0 . 4 1 2 . 4 0 3 2_ o' 10 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 Anc^rs^n p . 4 0 0 2 0 Totals . . . 36 8 12 10 4 Chicago . New York . 0 1 0 1 0 0 5 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 — 2 0 X— 8 The official umpire of the tournament was John M. Dugan, of Cincinnati, and the players and their positions in the various teams are as follows : Chicago — Cline, 2b. ; Bjornsen, ss. ; Christy, 3b. ; Becker, c. ; Halvor- sen, lb. ; Cuddy, rf. ; Schoen and Weber, cf. ; Brenton, If. ; Pierce and Portmess, p. New York — G. Bund, cf. ; Johnson, ss. ; W. Bund, If. ; Roach, 3b. ; Arderlay, lb. ; Corbett, 2b. ; Sullivan and Hagan, rf. ; Homan, c. ; O’Brien and Anderson, p. Boston — McDonnell, 2b.; Barry, lb. ; McCarthy, cf. ; Lonergan and Hockman, ss. ; Whitcomb, c. ; Donovan and Rogers, 3b. ; Rooney, If. ; Murray and Ebert, p. ; Farrell, rf. Pittsburg — Wiard, lb. ; Kennoy, 3b. ; Gable, 2b. and cf. ; Dooley, rf . ; Thomas, cf. and 2b. ; Whalen, If. ; Fischer, ss. ; Clowes, c. ; Cooper, p. Cincinnati — McCann, 3b. ; Maddock, ss. ; Grannen, c. ; Ledwith, cf. ; Borsch, lb. ; Morris, 2b. ; Mayers, rf. ; Mathews, If. ; Wagner, p. ; Fin¬ lay, p. St. Louis — Juergens, ss. ; Simpson, 2b. ; Fitzsimmons, If. ; Collins, cf. ; Mason, 3b. ; Geary, rf. ; Hanley, p. ; Walden, c. ;■ Randal, lb. Washington — Julien, c. ; Ball, ss. ; Ellett, 2b. ; Wood, If. ; Reynolds, 3b. ; Suess, rf. ; Shields, lb. ; McCarthy, cf. ; Weaver, p. Philadelphia — Byrnes, 3b. ; Remeter, ss. ; Burroughs, lb. ; Shantz, 2b. ; Edwards, rf. ; Rogers, cf. ; Southwick, If. ; Tynan, c. ; Yates, p. The baseball games out of the way and the champion¬ ship decided, Wednesday, August 18, was devoted to seeing Chicago and disposing of a program of athletic sports at Riverview, Chicago’s great amusement resort. A banquet was held at the Casino, at which the Herrmann cup was presented to R. F. Adams, manager of the New York team, and Dick McClain bid it au revoir on behalf of the Boston club, which won it at New York last year. It was also intended to present Chas. A Comiskey, president of the Chicago American League Baseball Club with an illumi¬ nated testimonial and honorary membership in Chicago Typo Athletic Association, but owing to illness in Mr. Comiskey’s family he was unable to be present, and that part of the program had to be omitted, much to the disap¬ pointment of the five hundred banqueters. One of the features of the tournament was the publi¬ cation by the Chicago Typo Athletic Association of a daily paper — Daily Typo Athletic Bulletin — of sixteen pages, which contained a prosperous-looking number of adver¬ tisements and news incident to the gathering and those composing it. The Union Printers’ Club, of Chicago, kept open house during the week for visiting ladies and gentlemen. The rooms were handsomely decorated with potted plants and flowers and an orchestra rendered suitable selections. One evening was devoted to a moonlight sail on the lake on one of Chicago’s largest steamers, which was enjoyed immensely. On Tuesday evening the Eastern delegation gave a reception to the Westerners at the Auditorium Hotel. The Egyptian banquet hall was used, and there was dancing and merriment of all varieties from eight o’clock in the evening until an early morning hour. During the progress of this function, Messrs. McGowan and Oschger, president and vice- president, respectively, of the Chicago Typo Athletic Asso¬ ciation, were presented with mahogany arm-chairs, as a token of appreciation from the visitors of the manner in which they had managed the affairs of the tournament. The Herrmann cup will be fought for in Washington next year, that city having been selected at the annual meeting. Otherwise the business transacted was of a routine nature, the old officers all being reelected. The official fam¬ ily is as follows ; Honorary President — August Herrmann, Cincinnati. Honorary Vice-President — Charles A. Comiskey, Chicago. President — Harry B. Wood, New York. Vice-President — Joseph M. Modispacher, Pittsburg. Secretary-Treasurer — -John M. McGowan, Chicago. National Commission — C. C. Boyer, Philadelphia ; W. A. Finlay, Cin¬ cinnati ; E. W. Sweeney, New York; L. E. Thomas, Pittsburg; E. Spring- meyer, St. Louis; J. P. Oschger, Chicago; F. S. Lerch, Washington. 6-8 914 THE INLAND PRINTER LANGUAGE OF BASEBALL. During the tournament at Chic-.go a trio of printers were talking about baseball English, when one of them — a New Yorker — rescued from the greenbacks in his wallet this clipping from the New York Sun, showing the distor¬ tion of terms in the license granted sporting writers : “ Shakespeare, who was famous for the use of a large vocabulary, is apparently so far surpassed in this regard by one of our modern writers that the superiority should not remain unnoted. For the act, more or less simple, of making a base hit in a game of baseball, with which most of us are familiar, the gentleman who reviews the ball games as played in Manhattan, for the Sun, uses a large variety of verbs, all ex¬ pressive, and to the fan each word carries a differ¬ ent shade of meaning. The one hundred words which follow are the first which have occurred to the writer ; there may be many more. Instead of being confined to the one expression, ‘ the batter drove a hit,’ the Sun says he — “ ‘ Stung, slugged, lined, smote, smacked, spanked, soaked, smeared, swatted, slammed, scorched, knocked, crashed, clubbed, laced, lammed, lunged, burned, bored, flayed, punched, pelted, pasted, pronged, thumped, hammered, pound¬ ed, pummeled, walloped, banged, whacked, whaled, splashed, spilled, slapped, dumped, dinged, plunked, plastered, planted, pumped, plugged, swung, sunk, shot, swept, switched, pulled, per¬ colated, brushed, landed, laid, whipped, thrust, carved, caromed, careened, uncorked, produced, dis¬ charged, put, cut, embla¬ zoned, ejected, festooned, registered, pickled, aimed, heaved, rolled, divulged, poured, scratched, sizzled, skimmed, sandwiched, slipped, dribbled, bounced, glanced, flicked, flipped, bumped, pealed, crowded, jammed, trun¬ dled, trickled, sailed, forced, soared, lifted, lobbed, arched, forked, popped, pushed, winged, crippled, galumphed.’ “ Thus in one of these hundred different ways he reached first base. “ Thus, indeed, has our great national game added another genius to the field of literature.” STILL HE DONE PRETTY GOOD. Mr. Ackerman could have went away about $15 better off than he did. — Marysville ( Ohio ) Tribune. PAPER- BAG MEN “FUSSING.” Announcement that a local war is on between the New York city paper-bag men, with a cut of ten per cent on specials and twenty per cent on whites, apparently was anticipated in Chicago in some circles and indifferently received by others in the trade. Those designated as “ big fellows ” were known here to have held a meeting in New York, participated in by manu¬ facturers from all sections of the country. The specific objects of the meeting and its results are, of course, not known to the general trade. When queried as to the meeting, one of the Western participants said: “ There was nothing doing to amount to anything. We just sat around, smoked and discussed trade prospects. You see, like all others, we are in a preliminary way endeavoring to figure how the tariff is going to affect us, if at all. We may have to change schedules if the tariff creates new condi¬ tions.” The New York an¬ nouncement that the war is really the result of an effort on the part of the large manufacturers to get the smaller ones into line is dis¬ credited here by those inter¬ ested. There was a similar in Pittsburg re¬ cently, is still on in a restricted manner, and is chargeable, according to the large makers, to the in¬ clination of the smaller ones to cut standard prices. An admitted dull period has measurably quieted matters in Pittsburg. “ Wars and rumors of war, eh? ” remarked one of the Chicago “ little fellows ” who specializes. “ Confound if I see how any one can cut prices and buy three square meals a day under existing trade conditions, and I don’t believe it is being done, here or elsewhere. The market is too narrow and the margin of profit too small. But the * little fellow ’ is stronger than the ‘ big fellow,’ because he is little under such circum¬ stances. He has not so much at stake. I do not believe there is any attempt at coercion or will be, nor any efforts to combine or unionize.” — Paper Dealer. Queen Wilhelmina has given to the house of Guy de Coral, of Amsterdam and The Hague, the exclusive privi¬ lege of vending copies of the first photograph, taken by her¬ self, of her baby, the Princess Juliana. The privilege includes the monopoly of the use of the picture in journals, magazines and post-cards. THE INLAND PRINTER 915 BUSINESS NOTICES This department is exclusively for paid business announce- machinery and products recently Introduced for the use of print¬ ers and the printing trades. Responsibility for all statements published hereunder rests upon the advertisers solely. “SUPATONE” PAPER. The Wanaque River Paper Company, 290 Broadway, New York city, have recently placed on the market an uncoated paper, suitable for printing half-tone engravings, to which they have given the name of “ Supatone.” It has the soft, smooth surface of the English finish, and speci¬ mens with impressions from a 200-line screen half-tone show most satisfactory results. Printers interested in this proposition would do well to write to the Wanaque River Paper Company for samples. THE DEMAND FOR TYPE SUSTAINED. The American Typefounders Company report that the demand for printers’ type is outrunning the production. The large addition to the plant which was completed last year has been still further increased by an extension to the typecasting department, and the company is advertising diligently for typecasters. Printers have found the type- designs made by this company very profitable, because they please the individual who pays the printer. The large buyers of printed matter are equally critical, and have cultivated a taste in type-faces which forces the printer to seek for new and striking effects. The printer who tries to satisfy an alert customer with printing done with anti¬ quated type can scarcely expect to hold his trade very long. This condition accounts largely for the expansion of the type trade referred to. NEW EMBOSSING-PRESS. Karl Krause, of Leipsic, Germany, has introduced to the trade in this country a new embossing-press, for which many substantial advantages are claimed. It is built in four sizes, two being of the two-rod pattern and the others four-rod. The platen is circular and divided into two embossing surfaces, situated so that when one surface is under pressure the other is outside of the body of the machine, and readily accessible to the operator. An impor¬ tant feature of the new press is that the feeder’s hands or arms will never be brought close to the impression surface. The press may also be fed at the same time the impression is being made on another sheet. It is automatic in opera¬ tion, the feeder simply placing the stock against the gauges, the mechanism taking the sheet and printing it without further adjustment. Two jobs may be run on this press simultaneously. They are tested up to 250 tons pressure, and the capacity ranges from twenty on the smallest up to twelve impressions on the largest machine. A friction clutch is provided, which insures immediate stoppage of the press. An attachment is also provided by which it will stop, if desired, after each impression. The selling agent for the new Krause embossing-presses in the United States is H. Hinze, 525 Tribune building, New York city. Mr. Hinze is willing to install some of these machines in responsible shops on a trial basis for a reasonable time, so that the user may satisfy himself of the soundness of the claims made for them. TWO NEW TYPE-FACES. The Monotone Gothic and the Monotone Title, two new type-faces made by the American Type Founders Company, have a range of usefulness that will make them very popu¬ lar in most of the job offices of the country. They are clean- cut, of handsome design, monotone in color and have a uniform gradation of sizes, secured through the use of the Benton matrix-cutting machine, which preserves absolutely the color, as well as the correct proportion in grading the series. Specimen pages will be found in this number of The Inland Printer. From an inspection of them, most printers will recognize their effectiveness for announce¬ ments, business cards, stationery and general commercial work. “A NEW LINOTYPE WAY.” The immense productivity of the Mergenthaler Lino¬ type Company has educated the printer to look for unusual developments from month to month, so that “ A New Lino¬ type Way ” is the general expectation. That the ability of the composing-room has its inventiveness stimulated to the highest tension is shown in the wonderful progress made in the productiveness of the Linotype. The subject matter of the insert in this issue of the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, showing what may be accomplished by the recessed mold, is only an exemplification of the progressive¬ ness of this great company, which promises in the near future to meet every requirement of the printer in the field of composition. POSTAGE STAMPS FOR ADVERTISING. The French Postoffice Department permits postage stamps to be used for advertising purposes. However, the advertisements may not be printed on the stamps them¬ selves. The method employed is that of producing gummed sheets, perforated in subdivisions somewhat larger than the regulation stamps, in the center of each of which the legal stamp is attached. Around the white margin which remains the advertisements are printed. The stamps are then sold in this shape in various shops at slightly reduced rates, to induce the public to use them. For some weeks past not only business advertisements have appeared on these stamps, but also political mottoes and appeals. For instance, the Royalists use a phrase taken from old coins, “ God protect France! ” and “ The whole nation belongs to us. — Philippe VIII.” The anti-military societies use the phrase, “ Not a man, not a centime, for the militia! War against war! ” OUR PUBLIC SCHOOLS. Schoolteacher — “ Who can make a sentence using the word ‘ indisposition ’ ? ” Tough Pupil (assuming a pugilistic pose) — “When youse wants to fight youse stand in dis position! ” — Town Topics. 91Q THE INLAND PRINTER WANT ADVERTISEMENTS. ! I 20’000’ western jobxCT« in 7 months’ BOOKS. ^possible ; printer^ could handle this. HARRIS-DIBBLE COMPANY, FOR SALE. DRAWING FOR PRINTERS, a practical treatise on the art of designing and w?.!iS’of for he' begmner^as FOR SALE -A large Miehle press, almost new; terms easy. I 388. clotht”! 2& p zwMmLmmm f *« MUST SELL AT ONCE - l Harris automatic J 15b l8 with sheet, wmmmmm HELP WANTED. **12?* iHPSiSill line and STRs. union' s?*~ *" Electrotypers. F°y^s. r* manufact™ estabiished Engravers. WANTED — An experienced proofer. BAKER BROS. ENGRAVING CO., gssssa**^ ri“- jora e; Hi'tl e“‘“ ,na 9 M ;M DO YOU DO EMBOSSING? Hard as stone. Ready for use in two minutes after making counter-die. Softens quickly by gas flame, hot water or torch. Remeltable— can be used over and over again. $1.00 PER. PACKAGE, con¬ taining full instructions and hints on Embossing ( over 2,000 words), and you do not have to buy a book on Embossing. Sold by All Supply Houses or by A. W. MICHENER, Mfr., 329 Dearborn St.. Chicago MICHENER’S EMBOSSING COMPOSITION THE INLAND PRINTER 917 HELP WANTED. ~jssw T7‘v ..■■■■•■•. »b, «> Troy, Alabama. modern^ equipment*; ^ salary ‘to bright’ mam"" HALF-TONE OPERATOR, employed at present desires to make a rhane-e -J-126- _ change. pisSssfl-sIlis bcnn*^ IS! SALESMAN WANTED — Printing and lithographing machinery manu- INFORMATION WANTED. q^SS2J^5J=r^“^S^JaB SISHlrSlI” - «V”h- St Miscellaneous. INSTRUCTION. ff«a ra experience- Operators and Machinists. 3paas^s«E Si «SK £rsr» 0o- - MISCELLANEOUS. Photogravure. ^“.SXXL,,^ — — » picas ; Llso^gives number U“«if pe^J' thousand^’ ^imp^ quick^^accurate^ Pressmen. Sdh^v.^LorAnlelgfcal6 f°r 5° °entS‘ W- W‘ GREENW00D’ 2529 corss*#Siira dry soods store use-' SITUATIONS WANTED ^pmpfsi^p PB^a^lfr«dcST :un?or 1 XlSf r*?de Bookbinders. G. N. MARSH, 226 S. Kenilworth^., Oak Park in ’ ° P ’ AL^r0U^^f7°0KBINDEE’ CaPaWe °£ taki“S WiSh6S a PRK^etSe and8Commercial work on cylinders and ”gtB«i!r * eh— p”- ISSS5SS wmmm W™77tofwork; S^&SK”1 1^70^ man: aH Wmt^n'ftJ E^^^^^^S94P°Sl£:i0n * | |d ^ |“ ; = PRINTERS WHO REQUIRE A PERFECT- WORKING GOLD INK will be interested upon their testing a sample, which we will gladly send to responsible printers upon application. Few ink manu¬ facturers have succeeded in creating a satisfactory formula mat will produce a perfect working gold ink for high-grade printing. ■-% nn\rr% * » is a perfect gold ink of tested (Ja(/ f YH quality— an ink which, when used, will M. % V*r AAA retain its brilliant luster. The best printing establishments of the country are using “ORQTYP” and pronounce it the most per¬ fect and satisfactory gold ink they have ever used. THE CANADIANUBRONZE POWDER WORKS MONTREAL TORONTO VALLE YFI ELD DISTRIBUTING AGENT FOR UNITED STATES JAS. H. FURMAN, 36 La Salle St., Chicago, III. 918 THE INLAND PRINTER SITUATIONS WANTED. d0EEdtyB^^nMn(ni'rling^ummBd^<{^er WStfaJ.0* ** SjV** PESE5JE.1lSf|55"!i!^ W; “r- Ink Manufacturers. illPlflilPss AMERICAN PRINTING INK CO., 891-899 W. Kinzie st., Chicago. 3-10 RAY, o WILLIAM H„ PRINTING INK MFG. CO., 735-7-9 E. 9th st.^ New ULLMAN^PEHLPOTT CO., THE, office and works, 1592 Merwin st., N.AV., Job Presses. man or journeyman. I 67. goks Si® iomb. ssaswir^ WANTED TO PURCHASE. WANTED — A second-hand No. 5 Linotype. H. A. DIXON, Port Huron, BARNHART BROTHERS & SPINDLER, Chicago. New, rebuilt. 7-10 “K?,7A firs 4 2££ 585 Mats for Casters. ^EforEraSeBRAliveredPH) da^^ron? day* of3order*-eXfeuhtlessBwork.U'Sil-9^a*S ti waono™?« ia ”u“ h* Motors and Accessories for Printing Machinery. ^ SiJta^in ETsStyEleCtri<3Tip- BUSINESS DIRECTORY. WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MFG. CO., Pittsburg, Pa. 11-9 Advertising Novelties of Wood. Paper Cutters. AMadRvtCAthe™om^rlCTURING C0NCERN’ JameSt0WD’ N' ^ RUlie.riS0and DBg Sgia„F£! Bookbinders* and Printers* Machinery. G0WGS l^«^;^rl,^7^4^5i8-^^40- maChiDeS’ - *« - Bookbinders* Supplies SLADE, HIPPpti MELOY, Incpd., 18. Lake st„ Chicago. Also paper^ox SHNIEDEWEND, PAUL, & CO., Chicago. Photoengravers. BL ChiCag°- Electric-welded^ steel Photoengravers- Screens. Copper and Zinc Prepared for Half-tone and Zinc Etching. LEVY, MAX, Wayne av. and Berkeley st., Wayne Junction, Philadelphia, AMERICAl!^^STEEl2^&^^COPPER^I^ATE^^CO^THE,^]A6 Nassau st.^New Presses. Cylinder Presses. ZZSjSi 4P“ S' St §V=£ BARcoNckAdRLfuvoHERotoLf cock drums, two-revolution and last new presses. Also rebuilt machines. Electrotypers and Stereotypers. ll/DeaZ™’^’ el6Ctl0tyPerS and bteleUtyi,elS ChlCagl°l-9fflCe’ McCAFFERTY, H„ 141 E. 25th st., New York. 3-10 ^cS’/KS New York; nsheiohlde’ B^”S^ 406 Pearl St” NeW YOrk: ai0°-9413 Embossers and Engravers - Copper and Steel. BrasGi?A5r«sci??kMS,' T2'. BFiiiV°L!-£T',,‘tiSiS} m- Embossing Composition. bosk prss aa& W^Stssi as* “VK°?SJ5^JP!aS c2io.ttfonM“”uk" •*- msf- '"SRSZ?* mc- ' p“rcl” cor' H,Bh' 2-“' ^Sss^diS:^^-^ fe'KMp. printie^oand Printers* Supplies. i^HSggpsp Rubber Stamps. Etc. THE INLAND PRINTER 919 Stei otypinif Outfits. A COLD SIMPLEX STEREOTYPING OUTFIT, $17 and up, produces the finest book and job plates, and your type is not in danger of being ruined by heat ; simple, better, quicker, safer, easier on the type, and costs no more than papier-mache ; also two engraving methods costing only $5 with materials, by which engraved plates are cast in stereo metal from drawings made on cardboard ; “ Ready-to-use ” cold matrix sheets, $1. HENRY KAHRS, 240 E. 33d st.. New York city. 9-9 Typefoi j’ supplies of all kinds. Send to nearest house f ... Houses — -Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Richmond, Buffalo, Pittsburg, Cleveland, Cincinnati, St. Louis, Chicago, Kansas City, Indianap¬ olis, Denver, Dallas, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Portland, Spokane, Seattle, HANSEN, H. C., TYPE FOUNDRY (established 1872), 190-192 Congres Boston; 43 Center st. and 15 Elm st., New York. 10 FALLs! BIZ illy after it? Our advertising ore good business for a lr iter than any other $2 or $3 he can map attention - copy that makes Cuts thz sales. II . FRANK P. ARMSTRONG ADVERTISING CO. We Can Serve the Local Printer With his SPECIAL WORK, in large or small runs, promptly, with our newly and fully equipped plant. WE MANUFACTURE Cut and Folded Tin Strips for mounting calendars. We do Tin Mounting for the trade. We sell Tin Mounting Machines. We varnish and gum label paper. American Tin Mounting Co. We enamel, varnish and gloss postal card views. Roughing or “Stippling” of the highest grade. :e for full information. 54 North Clinton Street SUMMER ROLLERS CINCINNATI. OHIO. up-to-dat - - sting, with the finest steel moulds, _ solid, perfect rollers by the best formulas. Established 1868. Cincinnati is sufficient address in writing or shipping. THE BLACK- CLAWSON CO. - HAMILTON, OHIO, U. S. A. 3 Chilled -Iron Roller INK MILLS Sizes —6 x t8, 9 x 24, 9 x 32, 9 x 36, 12 x 30 and 16 x 40 inches. With or without Hoppers. Solid or Water Cooled. Also build Paper and Pulp Mill Machinery. Plating Machines, Saturating Machinery and Special Machinery. To Users of the Monotype Machine Our price for Keyboard Paper, with ROUND PERFORATIONS, is still 6 CENTS per pound. Satisfaction guaranteed. COLONIAL COMPANY - - Mechanic Falls, Maine DURANT COUNTERS Can be Counted on to COUNT RIGHT A * Our broad line provides the right ma¬ chine for every point in the pressroom. ' The W.N.Durant Co.""K; PRESS CONTROLLERS MONITOR ALTOVFVTIC Fills All Requirements of Most Exacting Printers. MONITOR SALES DEPT. 106 South Gay Street. BALTIMORE. MD. IXON’S Special Graphite No. 635 - should be used on Lino¬ type Space-Bands, Matrices, and wherever there is friction. Write for free sample 157. JOSEPH DIXON CRUCIBLE CO., Jersey City, N. J. THE GLOBE SPECIAL MACHINERY CO. JOS. E. SMYTH, Pres. Manufacturers of PRINTERS’, BOOKBINDERS’ AND ELECTROTYPERS’ MACHINERY Machinery Rebuilt and Repaired. Day and night force. No delays. Telephone, Expert mechanics. Monroe 456. 1 1-19 South Jefferson Street, CHICAGO. Walter Scott & Co. PRINTING PRESS MANUFACTURERS Plainfield, New Jersey WANT TWO MORE LIVE TRAVELING SALESMEN to handle increased business ; applications will be considered only from men of high standing and with successful experi¬ ence in our line; fullest information, previous experience, age and salary must be given. Merchant & Evans Co. REFINERS AND SMELTERS OF ALL SOFT METAL ALLOYS Annual Capacity 33,000,000 Lbs. THE Correct and Honest Method of mixing all metals has increased our business so largely that various rumors are being cir¬ culated — the latest is that our name and produc¬ tion has passed into the control of others. This may be complimentary, but is absolutely false. We have not even considered any negotiations or proposition whatever. We are one of the Largest Independent Manufacturers and the Very Largest of the Best. (1) All Babbitt Metals. (2) All Printers' Metals. (3) All Solders and Special Soft Metal Alloys. "Reg. U.S. Pat. Off. Merchant& Evans Co. PHILADELPHIA New York Baltimore Kansas City Brooklyn Chicago Denver KNIFE-GRINDING SERVICE *01V1PT AND I The PAASCHE Air Brushes e absolutely the best for coloring post-cards, calendars, >velties, show-cards, price tickets, advertising posters, Rou^hin^” |?L^Jrade pleased to fill orders from those desiring this class of . . _ tone pictures, gold-bronze printing, and, in fact, higl character, is much improved by giving it this stippl given prompt attention. Prices on application. Cor THE HENRY O. SHEPARD COMPANY 120-130 Sherman Street CHICAGO AULD’S Roller Powder It overcomes all of the sticky roller troubles of Summer, Winter and newly made rollers that take too long to season. A little Roller Powder rubbed on your rollers will make them catch the ink better and will enable you to run very stiff inks and will prevent rollers from melting on fast speed presses. Price, 50c. per lb. HAMPTON AULD ,Nk%#I^.es 798 MT. PROSPECT AVENUE. NEWARK, N. J. Modern Monthly — About TAT EH Uhe PAPER DEALER 155 WASHINGTON STREET, CHICAGO 920 FOR PRINTERS Best Detergent for cleaning and preserving rollers. SPECIAL FABRICS and VELLUMS For PRINTERS and LITHOGRAPHERS. For Labels, Maps, Tags, Blue=printing. Send for Sample-booK. Try our Dead BlacK Imperial Ink for Printing on Tracing Cloth In tubes : per quarter pound, #1.25; per pound, $8.00. WILLIAMS, BROWN 4 EARLE, Dept. 28, 916=918 Chestnut St., Phila. LINOTYPE UTILITY TOOL KIT These kits have aining all the tools required for the proper care and ordin; of screws, such as you need and are not usually kept in ha up with the judgment of long experience, which insures tl; leld securely in place. Special pockets are made for sere' This is a most (desirable kit of tools for Linotype m ‘ ‘ ' hoc, moUo "T^l fit- Quality Metals for printers are the kind Blatchford makes — Linotype, Monotype, Stereotype, etc., etc. E. W. Blatchford Co. CHICAGO, U. S. A. We cater to the Printing Trade in making the most up-to-date = line of = Pencil and Pen Carbons for any Carbon Copy work. Also all Supplies for Printing Form Letters. MITTAG & VOLGER, Inc. PARK RIDGE, NEW JERSEY MANUFACTURERS FOR THE TRADE ONLY Vest-Pocket ; Manual of \ Printing ! Punctuation : The Comi Period, Note of Interrogation, Exclamation Mark, Hyphen, Marks of Parenthesis, Dash, Apostrophe, — Capitalization — Style : The Use and Non-use of Figures, Abbreviations, Italicizing, Quotations - Marked Proof — Corrected Proof — Proofreader Marks— Make-up of a Book — Imposition and Size, of Books— Sizes of the Untrimmed Leaf— Type Standard — Number of Words in a Square Inch — Relative Sizes of Type — Explanation of the Point System — Weight of Leads Required for any Work — Number of Leads to the Pound —To Print Con- - ' e Numbers-To Prevent Coated Paper from :s of Bindings— Direc- llar Envelope rs— Leads for "Newspapers — Newspaper Mea Convenient vest-pocket size. Neatly bound in leather , round corners ; 86 pages ; 50 cts. The Inland Printer Co. 1729 Tribune Bldg. 120-130 Sherman St. NEW YORK CHICAGO Acme Ink Reducer A Reducer and Dryer Combined. Acme Ink Reducer will readily mix with any kind of ink, becoming a part of it, without injuring the quality or affecting the most delicate color. On all jobs of colorwork —posters, lithos, tablets and showcards (all kinds), etc., requiring heav solid cuts, or large type, Acme Ink Reducer is u excelled, because it prevents pulling or peeling of paper and distributes the ink freely and unife — producing the required amount of color at e\ impression. Nothing does the business like Acme Ink Reducer —The World’s Best. Used and endorsed by all leading printers everywhere. Send us a description of your requirements for a sample, sufficient for a trial, free postpaid. ACME COMPOUND CO.. Elkhart, Ind., U.S.A. The B. A. Machine Works Successors to L. Martenson Repairing of Printers’ & Binders’ Machinery a specialty 200 S. Clinton St., CHICAGO * y Whitmore Mfg. Co. HOLYOKE, MASS. MANUFACTURE BEST GRADES OF Surface Coated PAPERS AND CARD BOARD Especially adapted for Lithographing and Three-color W^orh. OUR NEW IMPROVED Abating dftlms Arer Guaranteed to Remain Transparent, are Deep and Do Not Smudge. ®j)c American g^afling1 ^Racbtnc Co. 164-168 Rano St., Buffalo, N.Y., U.S.A. CARBON BLACK Godfrey L. Cabot BOSTON, MASS. ECLIPSE. DIAMOND. ELF. B. B. B. ACME. 921 Bates Model No. 27 WHEN you have a num¬ bering job to turn out, you can’t afford to take any chances on machines. If the numbering is not absolutely accu- THE SIZE— 1% x 16/i6 INCHES rate the whole job is spoiled and your profits gone. One single slip of the machine and the damage is done. It s poor economy, indeed, to save a dollar or so by purchasing a cheap machine, then lose the money many times over by the mistakes the machine makes. The only safe way to avoid taking any risks at all is to get the machine recognized as the N? 12345 “Standard Numbering Machine of the World” The Bates Model 27 is type-high and designed to be locked in the chase with the form, or used separately to print number only. It is simply constructed, yet built to stand the hardest use you can put it to. The housing is made of “ nickel-bronze,” a metal giving strength and durability that steel can’t. The plunger and all other working parts are made of a highly tempered carbon steel. The figures, engraved on the best quality steel wheels, are practically indestructible. All parts are interchangeable. The entire machine can be quickly taken apart for cleaning and as quickly assembled. The machine is auto¬ matic and numbers from 1 to 99,999. Price $8.00. Every machine is tested in our factory up to is, 000 impressions per hour and is guaranteed to be mechanically perfect. We will immediately refund money should any machine prove the least bit unsatisfactory. We have just published a large, complete catalog of Typographic Numbering, Perforating and Scoring Machines and are anxious to put a copy in the hands of every Printer interested in increasing his profits. Send for it now— a postal will do. BATES NUMBERING MACHINE CO. 696-710 JAMAICA AVE. BROOKLYN, N. Y. A Peerless Trade -Builder As a trade-builder, a printer can get nothing that will approach Peerless Patent Book-form Cards because when you once get a customer for these cards you get him as long as he buys cards. Any printer who has developed a trade for these cards will testify to this fact. Customers who remember you for cards will remember you, because of that fact, for other kinds of printing. Don’t you want to be remembered? You Do the Printing in Your Own Plant We supply these Peerless Cards to you in Blanks, already Scored. WITH USE OF OUR LEVER BINDER CASE, TABBING OF CARDS IS NOT REQUIRED. Send for Card Samples and see the perfectly smooth edge when the cards are detached. Write for it to-day — now. THE JOHN B. WIGGINS COMPANY Engravers Die Embossers Plate Printers 7 and 9 E. Adams Street, Chicago Has served its purpose in promi¬ nent printing es¬ tablishments for many years. Uses Fine and Coarse Staples. Binds to X‘inch. Has Automatic Clinching and Anti-cloggingDe- vices. Equipped with both Flat and Saddle¬ back Tables. Holds 250 Staples at a charge. Acme Staple Co. 112 North Ninth Street CAMDEN, N. J. The Best of Its Kind THE ACME Wire Staple Peerless Friction Drive Motors For job press¬ es Peerless Friction drive is particularly adapted and is unequaled for service. As can be seen in illustration, the motor takes up very little room and requires no belts. The spring base prevents injuring the shaft if the fly-wheel does not run true, and in case of sudden shock. It also allows the drive to be operated with min¬ imum pressure between fly and friction wheels. The PEERLESS ELECTRIC COMPANY Factory and General Offices : : : : : WARREN, OHIO 922 Warnock Sectional Blocks and Register Hooks Quickest and most flexible hooks on the market Key has access through the jaw to working parts and travels with it. Dirt can not get at working parts or gather on racks. Steel Racks inverted and cast in top of shell. Swiveled Jaws and beveled on both sides. Longest travel and quickest movement. Handiest for speedy make-up of forms. Cheapest Hook — all things considered. IF YOU WANT HOOKS OR BLOCKS FOR ANY PURPOSE, WRITE US MANUFACTURED AND FOR SALE BY THE WARNOCK- TOWNER CO., 334 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO EASELS FOR DISPLAY CARDS They cost no more than the cheap kind . We manufacture Easels in many styles and sizes to suit any make or shape of card. Write for Samples and Prices. Consult us about that difficult Die¬ cutting job you have trouble with. JV e are experts in Paper and Card Die-Cutting. Standard Die Cutting Co. 73-73 Larned St. W., Detroit. Mich. PRINTERS USING THE ADAMS PRESS and who require replacement of parts — in fact, any character of repairs — should indicate their wants at once to us. We have the entire and complete line of patterns and can ship on quick notice any part at reasonable prices. We are also equipped to repair any kind of Printing Machinery, sending to your plant only expert printing machinists. CO-OPERATIVE MACHINE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 52 Purchase St., BOSTON, MASS. Reducol Compound Enables you to make ink work under different climatic conditions and temperatures; prevents picking and assists in rendering slip-sheeting practically unnecessary. Transparent Paste Body Dryer Enables you to back up printed sheets immediately. Electrical Destroyer Annihilates Electricity in Paper. Magic Type and Roller Wash Will remove any dried-up ink from rollers and forms when no benzine or turpentine will touch it. Richter’s Superior Metal Cleaner Will clean and flux Linotype, Monotype, Stereotype and Electrotype Metals. MANUFACTURED BY Indiana Chemical Company INDIANAPOLIS, IND. Dinse, Page & Company Electrotypes Nickeltypes — and — Stereotypes 429-437 LA SALLE ST. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS TELEPHONE, HARRISON 7185 923 Electrotypes Nickeltypes represent but a small fraction of the sum involved in any job of which they are a part, yet a great deal depends upon their quality. You want plates that print as well as the patterns, made by a process that will not injure the originals, delivered to you ready for the press without “tinkering.” Our plates are the results of good material, made bymen who know how, under the supervision of a member of our firm anxious to preserve our reputation for quality. Acme Electrotype Co. 341-351 Dearborn St., Chicago ■¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥1 I A Composing-Stick l without a fault t - - * We make this statement not from our own point of view, but based upon the actual experience of thousands of compositors all over the country. ; The Star Composing=Stick J has made friends — lasting admirers — - * wherever introduced and tried. t - : $ The New Wedgedock Attachment J added to the already perfectly constructed stick affords j the compositor a full realization of his dreams. It is truly " J “a tool of quality for particular printers and to the compositor hesitating — suppose you ask us to send you our j pamphlet containing strong endorsements from the many ‘ J users throughout the country. If you have not investigated J or had occasion to examine our composing-stick you are j missing an opportunity of vital importance. ' * FOR SALE BY ALL SUPPLY HOUSES GENERALLY \ * The Star Tool Manufacturing Company * 17 West Washington St., Springfield, Ohio The Noblest “Roman” of Them All! PERFECTION No. 12 Manufactured by THE J. L. MORRISON CO. (Incorporated) 143 WORTH STREET - - - NEW YORK, U. S. A. Chicago Toronto London, Eng. Leipzig, Ger. NEW STYLE EMBOSSING PRESSES Revolving table; safe for operator; four different sizes H. HINZE BUILDING New York The most powerful Wire Stitching Machine in the World. Capacity, Vi to \ % inches in thickness. Flat work only. Takes Wire 18 to 24 Gauge. Speed, 80 Revolutions per Minute. Size of Pulley, 15 inches. Weight, Net, 480 pounds. Weight, Crated, 730 pounds. Size of Table, 26 by 1 2^2 inches. Floor Space, 3 by 3 feet. 924 THE HUBER-HODGMAN PRINTING PRESS PRINT-SIDE-UP DELIVERY IN OPERATION 4RE you going to buy a new press soon? The Huber-Hodgman A is built for the first-class trade. With our splendid equipment we are prepared to furnish you a high-grade machine at a cost not to exceed the cheaper build. Won’t you give us an opportunity to show you the fine features in this press? The press will deliver the goods. It is the most rigid, lightest running, most durable and all-round satis¬ factory press built. Our new Pony is truly the press de luxe . No shoes or rack hangers; noiseless, four rollers, four tracks. The movement is unique. Powerful, durable and rigid, and with all the speed that can be used. Suitable for any class of work that can be done on any size press. If you will examine it you will be compelled to admit it is the best built. Let us have an interview. All we ask is a chance to show it. VAN ALLENS & BOUGHTON IJ to 23 Rose St. and 1 33 IV illiam St., New York Factory— Taunton, Mass. Agents, Pacific Coast, PACIFIC STATES TYPE FOUNDRY, 645 Battery Street, San Francisco, Cal. Agent, England, P. LAWRENCE PTG. MACHINERY CO., Ltd. 57 Shoe Lane, London, E. C. Western Office, 277 Dearborn Street, H. W. THORNTON, Manager, Telephone, Harrison 801. CHICAGO 925 THE BEUSTER ELECTROTYPES Bear the ear-mark of “A Little Better than Expected — In Unexcelled Service .” If you require high-grade reproductions, for high- grade printing, and are one of those “hard-to-suit” buyers of Electrotypes, we can satisfy the most exacting requirement. GOOD ELECTROTYPES AND QUICK SERVICE COST you NO MORE than the ordinary kind. It’s worth your while to investigate our facilities, and a visit by YOU to our plant will set aside any question. Special Automobile Service at your command. THE BEUSTER COMPANYTYPINQ 371-375 Dearborn Street, Chicago, Ill. Phone, Harrison 2657. The “Green” Devil James White Paper Go. COVER AND BOOK PAPERS 210 MONROE STREET - - - CHICAGO The BEST and LARGEST GERMAN TRADE JOURNAL for the PRINTING TRADES on the EUROPEAN CONTINENT Iputarljpr Httrij- unit PUBLICATION Devoted to the interests of Printers, Lithographers and kindred trades, with many artistic supplements. Yearly Subscription for Foreign Countries, 14s.'9d. — post free. Sample Copy, Is. InriHrlirr Hurlt- mb j§>tm&rurker 19 DENNEWITZ-STRASSE - - - BERLIN, W. 57, GERMANY Who “Monkeys” with this Motor Dental- Lavatories THE “ALTON’S” LATEST Can’t Make it “Burn Out” K Paper- Ruling Machines "» Ruling Pens Bookbinders ’ Machinery The W. O. HICKOK MFG. CO. HARRISBURG, PA., U. S. A. Established 1844 Incorporated 1886 Inks that are used in every country where printing is done. Kaat Sc Elthtgi'r (Scnttattg Manufacturing Agents for the United States, Canada, Cuba, Mexico Charles Hellmuth Printing and Lithographic The World’s Standard Three and INKS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION Originators of Solvine Four Color Process Inks DRY COLORS, VARNISHES, etc. Gold Ink worthy of the name New York 154-6-8 W. 18th Street Hellmuth Building Chicago 355-7-9 S. Clark Street Poole Bros. Building Bi-Tones that work clean to the last sheet HOOLE MACHINE & ENGRAVING WORKS 29-33 Prospect Street ill Washington Street ~ BROOKLYN, N.Y.=== "HOOLE” Check End -Name Printing Machine A Job of 500 End Names can be set up and run off on the “HOOLE” Check End-Name Printing Machine at a cost of nine cents, and the work will equal that of the print¬ ing-press. Let us refer you to concerns who are getting the above results. End-Name, Numbering, Paging and Bookbinders’ Machinery and Finishing Tools of all kinds. * Bind your Inland Printers rtf with an Arnold security binder p M M S t Artistic Simple Durable NO TOOLS, PUNCHING OR STITCHING - YOUR HANDS THE ONLY TOOLS THE “ARNOLD SECURITY BINDER” is the modern method of keeping your magazines together and in good condition. It has the finished appearance of a bound book and is the ideal magazine cabinet, keeping the magazines fresh and in consecutive order. It can be used as a permanent binding or emptied and refilled as the magazines become out of date. A magazine can be inserted or removed at any time without disturbing the others. Binder for One Volume, six issues, $1.00 Two Binders, covering full year, $1.80 Address, THE INLAND PRINTER ....... 120-130 Sherman Street, CHICAGO 948 A STRICTLY HIGH-GRADE MACHINE COMBINING STRENGTH AND SIMPLICITY OF CONSTRUCTION WITH ABSOLUTE ACCURACY NEW DESIGN 5 WHEELS Write for a Sample Machine on trial American Model 30 m 12345 AMERICAN Steel throughout Model 31 — 6 wheels . . $6.00 291-295 Essex Street. BROOKLYN, N. Y. Numbering Machine Co. Parts Released for Cleaning and Oiling. Steel throughout 160 Washington Street, CHICAGO, ILL. Model 31 — 6 wheels, $6.00 Commercial Advertising can be made attractive by the use of high-grade blotting papers — not the cheap, soft or common¬ appearing grade, but the quality that responds to artistic color and printing. The local printer can use our line of blotters in a thousand ways, as an examination of our complete line of samples will convince you. We give special attention to ABSORPTIVE PAPERS for manufacturing purposes. Let us send you a full line of the following samples : VIENNA MOIRE Blotting (in colors), and Plate Finish WORLD, HOLLYWOOD and RELIANCE. Have you seen the latest absorbing novelty ? The most exquisite pattern, “Directoire” Blotting. THE ALBEMARLE PAPER MANUFACTURING CO. Makers of Blotting :: RICHMOND, VIRGINIA Edwards, Dunlop & Co., Ltd . Sydney and Brisbane Sole Agents for Australia. Mr. Photo -Engraver Photographer Blue -Printer WE HAVE AN ARC LAMP SPECIALLY DE- SIGNED FOR YOUR WORK. Let us tell you more about it. THE ADAMS-BAGNALL ELECTRIC CO. CLEVELAND. OHIO NEW YORK OFFICE CHICAGO OFFICE 143 Liberty St. 303 Dearborn St. Modern Equipment Means Economy Every progressive printer has an ambition to compete with his com¬ petitors, to do more business to-day than yesterday, but the successful printer can not compete with his neighbor unless his facilities for output enable him to produce the required quantity upon a profitable basis. HERE ARE THREE “increased-output” necessities to every wide¬ awake printing plant. Send for the catalog. THE WILSON BLOCK SYSTEM Is the greatest time-saver known to the print¬ ing industry — a reliable make-up system — rapid and accurate, and can be had in any size de¬ sired. The Wilson Block System facilitates “make-ready.” The representative printers of the country use it and endorse its econom¬ ical qualities. The Blocks are indestructible — made of durable iron and steel. Furniture that you can not well afford to be without Labor-saving Furniture is an essential part in your make-up and make-ready departments. The quicker your forms are put in shape, just that much time saved on every job. »ii// - --=f BRHE-UTE Metal Furniture Weighs no more than wood, and one-third the weight of lead; it has the strength of cast-iron and accuracy of type (less than .001 inch variation), cost about the same as lead furniture per square inch, and far cheaper than any other because of its quick and accurate results. THE HAMMER PAPER LIFT occupies an important position in the pressroom in that it avoids waste of stock and holds the paper constantly in a “ready for use” position, as shown in illustration. Sheets are not crumpled, to say nothing of a guaranteed increase of 10 per cent from presses. A practical machine for progressive printers looking for increased profits. Make work easier for men. Price very moderate. Recent Purchasers — J. B. Savage, Cleveland, 3 ; American Printing Co., 2; Joseph Mack Printing Co., 2, both of Detroit; Archer Printing Co. , Ft. Wayne, 2; Scribner Press, New York, 2 ; Manz Engraving Co. , Chicago ; American Bank Note Co., New York, 8 ; Houghton-Jacobson Ptg. Co., Detroit, 5 ; Gerlach-Barlow Co., Joliet, 2 ; Henry O. Shepard Co., Chicago, 1, etc. MANUFACTURED AND FOR SALE BY A. F. WANNER & CO., 340-342 Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill. 950 Easiest to Buy; Easiest to Use; Easiest to Sell. Buckeye is the easiest to buy of high-grade cover papers because all first-class jobbers in the Buckeye territory carry a full stock — and they sell it at a moderate price. Buckeye is the easiest to use of all high-grade cover papers because it is made in a greater variety of colors, tints, shades, weights and finishes than are available in any other line; and has a better printing surface than any other cover at anywhere near the price. Buckeye is the easiest to sell of any high-grade cover paper because it is rapidly becoming the best known of all covers. 12,000 progressive business houses are now receiving our advertising literature, and are learning from it, not merely how much better Buckeye Cover is than other makes, but how it can be utilized as an all-round advertising medium. We are spending money unstintedly to make the Buckeye trade-mark valuable ; and every printer who will work with us can get part of this money back in the shape of increased profits on non-competitive business. Get on our list if you want to see for yourself how unusual our advertising is. Get sample sheets from nearest jobber if you don’t already know what unusual value Buckeye Cover is. The Beckett Paper Company Makers of Good Paper in Hamilton, Ohio, since 1848 LIST OF AGENTS FOR BUCKEYE COVERS { ^a„Lae|hapPe?CoC° • ) W5Sl'&“rr)'' 81 C°' 951 JK HALF-TONE BLACK THE BLACK INK OF QUALITY Without an Equal Elmlntauu printing Ink Gin. Main Office and Factory, ST. LOUIS = DEPOTS = 415 Dearborn Street, 400 Broadway, . . . . CHICAGO, ILL. 1509 Jackson Street . OMAHA, NEB. KANSAS CITY, MO. 222 North Second Street, . NASHVILLE, TENN. JeL THE NEW CARVER Automatic Stamping and Embossing Press <#> WE MAKE THE FOLLOWING SIZES 4^4 x 9, 3/4 x 8, 2 V-2 x 8, 2/4 x 4 Inches Users of our presses, who are in a position to know by comparison , say that our ma¬ chines are less likely to get out of order ; require the least repairing; yield more in a given time at a less cost, and produce a class and variety of work excelled by none. An investigation will prove it. C. R. Carver Company N. E. Cor. 15th and Lehigh Ave. PHILADELPHIA, PA. Canadian Agents: :r & Richard, . Toronto and Winnipeg. Australian and Mexican Agents: ns Trading Co., Sydney, Mexico City and New York. 952 MENTGES “IMPROVED” FOLDER J7T Combines Simplicity, Accuracy, Durability, Neatness and Speed with Folder Building Experience, making TU it the Most Successful Medium Priced Newspaper and Periodical Folder on the Market Special Features — Milled Steel Rollers. Spring Cushion Boxes. Polished Steel Folding Knives with saw¬ tooth edges. Gear-driven Paster. Gripper Straightener. Back Retarders. Eccentric Push Packer that slides in a Bab¬ bitted Journal. Special Features — Polished Steel Supple¬ ment Table. Five-ply Maple-faced Iron-enforced Feed- Table, etc. Entirely gear-driven. Equipped with Bab¬ bitted Journals throughout. Cast-iron Frame, Double Cap— screwed together. Individual T ape Stands. ■ = Information on request. Prices and Terms reasonable. = MENTGES FOLDER COMPANY . . . SIDNEY, OHIO * THE ONE-PRICE ^ TYPE FOUNDRY The Inland Type Foundry treats all its customers on the square. It does not charge one printer more or less than his competitors. The printer who sends his orders to the Inland without fir^t ashing for the price and the one who gets an estimate before ordering are charged exactly the same. When dealing with the Inland, you can depend on always getting its best prices — estimate or no estimate — competitive business or non-competitive. The Inland guarantees this. Ask other supply houses if they will make a similar guarantee. INLAND TYPE FOUNDRY SAINT LOUIS CHICAGO NEW YORK 953 THE PSYCHOLOGY OF ADVERTISING WALTER DILL SCQTT The Secret of Successful Advertising Lies in the Carefully Planned Campaign of Publicity SS3SS3 The Inland Printer Company 130 Sherman St., CHICAGO Printers’ Insurance Protective Inventory System By CHARLES S. BROWN. Is a blank-book n}4 x 15 inches, with printed headings, superfine paper, special ruling. It is a classified and perpetual inventory system, and informs you of your plant value every hour of the day, every day of the week, every week of the month, and every month of the year. No. 1 — Loose-leaf, for large job or newspaper offices, $25.00 No. 2 — For newspaper offices only, - . 15.00 No. 3 — For job offices only, - . 15.00 No. 4 — For small job and newspaper offices, - - - 10.00 FOR SALE BY THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 130 SHERMAN STREET CHICAGO AMSTUTZ’ HAND-BOOK OF PHOTOENGRAVING Being an enlargement of and revision of Jenkins’ Manual of Photoengraving By N. S. AMSTUTZ With supplementary chapters on the Theory and Practice of Half-tone Colorwork by Frederick E. Ives and Stephen H. Horgan This is the most comprehensive and practical work on this subject ever published, and has received the endorsement of leading men in the craft “Price, $3.00 prepaid "TSicago" s'' THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY ,72feTv!jbinoeRBKS' TO BUYERS OF ENGRAVINGS Tk e selection of an Kn^rsivef “to maltc yotii? Plfilt&S slaould l>e ^iven "tke same careful "tko- ngni; as is gi yen file selec-4ion of your S^tock ati d Printer. A poor printer ma/jr l>e aide— witlx good Engravings to gei yro*u a present al>le j ol>, l>-ut^N O printer can secure sails fact — ory res-u.lts from poor engra¬ ving S .^onr printer 'will appre¬ ciate ottr plates, tlxcy catxse less worlv for Ixim and give belter results. The Inland Walton Eng.Co ORIGINATORS OF 'W' ai^tone:5 120-130 5HER.MAK ST. e i-i i o a g o 955 CORDOVA SUPER COVER Super strength, especially desirable for Telephone Directory Covers or any Catalogue Work where good wearing qualities are wanted. Ask us for sample book. Detroit Sulphite Pulp 4 Paper Co. MAKERS OF PAPERS OF STRENGTH DETROIT, MICH. THE NEW STATIONERS’ MAGAZINE i/cvoicci exclusively to promoting the selling end of the retail stationery business Mattfr £>iatumrr 120-130 SHERMAN STREET, CHICAGO Edited and managed by the same efficient corps of men who control The Inland Printer, aided by some of the best and most practical stationers in the country. DEPARTMENTS : Window Dressing Shelf and Counter Display Salesmanship Lettering for Stationers Stationers’ Advertising Stationery Store Management EIGHTY PA GES, FULL XUSTRATED Subscription Rate .... $1.50 per year Send for sample copy, 15 cents 956 With every machine in the printing shop in¬ dividually driven by a Westinghouse Motor there is no waste of power, as is the case when driving a large amount of shafting and a large number of machines that are doing no work. With individual drive when a machine is not working it is not running, and when working consumes only the power sufficient to run it. Furthermore, you can place your machines exactly where wanted. We make motors specially adapted to printing machinery, and c just how to apply them. Westinghouse Electric & Mfg. Co. PITTSBURG, PA. Sales Offices in all Large Cities. For Canada — Canadian Westinghouse Co., Ltd., Hamilton, Ont. PROOFS EVERY line of work has its peculiar requirements. <1 The requirements of the engraver have been made the subject of special study and the result of that study is the production of the famous Bausch & Lomb-Zeiss Apochromat Tessar The most convincing proof of the superiority of this lens is the fact that it is now being used by the leading three- color workers of the country. It is the test of actual work — its ability to do better than any other lens what is required of it by the engraver — that has placed the Tessar at the very head of this class of lens. Cjj Send for our Photo-Engravers’ Catalog K. •I PRISM is our little lens expositor. Send for Copy H, free on request. Our Name on a Photographic Lens, Microscope, Field WwvJJ Glass, Laboratory Apparatus, Engineering or any other Scientific Instrument is our Guarantee. Bausch & lomb Optical (o. —a new territory now reached | by rail— the country of the canoe, j, he camper’s paradise. Fish for black bass, speckled I trout and lake trout — the gamiest ?! fish that swim. Shoot moose, | deer, bear, partridge and other | game during the hunting season. I Bring your camera — the seen- § ery is wild and magnificent. $ In this pure, pine-perfumed fj air, hay fever is unknown. A booklet telling you all about it, hand- somely illustrated, sent on application to | 957 OPENS WITH THE FOOT Ths Justrite Oily Waste Can For Printers, Engineers and Machine Shops EXAMINED and TESTED by the NATIONAL BOARD OF FIRE UNDERWRITERS, and Listed by their Consulting Engineers. ADVANTAGES of the JUSTRITE The Patented Foot Lever opening device is so convenient that it obviates all desire to block the cover open , thereby greatly increasing the efficiency of the JUSTRITE can over all others. This feature appeals to all users of oily waste or refuse cans. FOR SALE by leading printers’ supply houses and hardware dealers, or write us direct for circulars and prices. THE JUSTRITE COMPANY 218 Lake Street CHICAGO, U. S. A. Get a Rand Baler i WASTE PAPER ! saving, if you pa< shipment in a Sullivan Press Circular F-64 1 r* iPS INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. TABLE OF CONTENTS -SEPTEMBER, 1909, Advertising on French Postage Stamps . 915 Ad. -setting Contest No. 27 . 886 Ad.-writer and the Compositor . 856 Alexander, George L . 842 Anderson, Alexander, Engraver . 852 Apprentice ; Why the Business Does Not At¬ tract Young Men of High Intelligence. . . 863 Asphaltum as a Resist in Photoengraving. ... 883 Automatic Focusing, System of . 896 Automatic Intercommunicating Telephones for Printing-offices . 902 Bankers and Printers . 878 Barbour, C. E., Daughter of . 866 Baseball, Language of . 914 Baseball Tournament, Printers’ . 913 Book Review: “ Making Ready on Platen Presses ” . 896 “ System of Automatic Focusing ” . 896 “ Yukon Territory, Its History and Re- Bruce Rogers, Views on the Work of . 863 Bruised Matrix . 865 Business Notices: American Type Founders Company . 915 Embossing Press, New . 915 Krause, Karl . 915 Mergenthaler Linotype Company . 915 Monotone Gothic and Monotone Title . 915 “ Supatone ” Paper . 915 Wanaque River Paper Company . 915 Carbon Tissue for Marking Out . 881 Carelessness, Penalty for . 864 Circulation, Definite Plans for Increasing. . . . 901 Commaless Appreciation of Pressbuilder . 867 Commercial Artist, His Use and Misuse . 849 Compositor and the Ad.-writer . 856 Conciliation Board for British Printing Trades . 904 Cornstalk Paper . 891 Correspondence : Apprentice; Why Printing Business Does Not Attract Young Men . 863 Views on the Work of Bruce Rogers . 863 Cost and Method: Bankers and Printers . 878 Law of Suggestion . 876 Trade Binder and Printer, Relations of _ 878 Volkert, F. N . 879 Costs, Present Need for Knowing . 857 Credit, Supply Houses Giving . 855 Crimping Machine . 881 Cutting and Scoring Rules . 881 Damp Rollers . 881 Directory of Editorial Associations . 886 Drawing, Where to Learn...- . 885 Eclipse Electrotyping Company Specimen. . . . 884 Editorial Notes: Ad.-writer and the Compositor . 856 Costs, Present Need for Knowing . 857 Education of Employers . 857 Eliot, Dr. Charles . 855 Employers’ Liability . 858 German and English Workmen . 858 I. T. U. Convention . 856 Nonattendance at Meetings . 856 Price-cutting . 857 Printer Should Receive Specimen of His Work . 855 Stereotyping Curved Plates . 856 Supply Houses Granting Credit. . . . 855 Education : Compositors Should Become Designers . 908 Educational Movement in Unions. . I. T. U. Course in New York . King Edward and Industrial Educa Need of High Ideals . Pressmen Want Suggestions . Electrotypino and. Stereotyping : Blocking Wood . Direction of Current . Electrotype Embossing Plates . s Sticking to Cast . Eliol Dr. Charles, Employers, Education of . 8 iloyers’ Liability . 8 Fillers, A Plan to Keep the Jobbers Running. 8 Fingers of Scorn at Job Office . 8 Fountain Divider . 8 General Composing Company, Berlin . 8 Geneva Daily Times . 9 nan and English Workmen . 8 Half-tone Reproduction, Father of . 8 Higher Rates for Advertising, How to Secure. 8 . T. U. Convention . 856, 8 Job Composition : Advertisements . 8 Joys of Jeffing . 8 v of Suggestion . 8 Life on the Gridiron . 8 Lithography and Process Engraving . 8 London Notes : Carelessness, Penalty for . 8 Penalty for Leaving Work without Notice. . 8 Rotary Offset Presses in England . 8 Trade, Condition of . 8 Machine Composition: Bruised Letters . 8 Bruised Matrix . 8 Face of Slugs Damaged . 8 General Composing Company, Berlin . 8 Matrix Combinations Damaged . 8 Patents on Composing Machinery . 8 Poor Metal . 8 Thirty-six-point Linotype Matrices . 8 Vise-jaw Adjustment . 8 Make-ready, Incomplete . 8 Making Ready on Platen Presses . 8 Matter and Method . 8 National Typothetae Convention (photograph). 8 Newspaper Growth . 8 Newspaper Work : Ad.-display, Good . 8 Ad.-setting Contest No. 27 . 8 Directory of Publishers and Editorial Asso¬ ciations . . 8 Large Type and the Lay Mind . : . 8 Newspaper Criticisms . 8 San Antonio to Washington on Horseback. 8 Old Bill Gets Sentimental . 8 time Pastimes . 8 Old-time Pressmen’s Association . 8 Overheard on the Newspaper . 9 Paper Bag Men “ Fussing ” . 9 Patents on Composing Machinery . 8 Paynetype, the New Photoengraving . 8 Penalty for Leaving without Notice . 8 Personalities in the Printing Trades . 8 Photogravure for Advanced Students . 8 Pressroom : Carbon Tissue for Marking Out. . Crimping Machine . Cutting and Scoring Rules . Fountain Divider . 881 Ink for Furniture Cuts . 881 Ink Rubbing Off . 881 Make-ready for Vignette Half-tone Cuts . . . 881 Make-ready, Incomplete . 882 Paste Penetrating Label Stock . 881 Rule Form Slurring . 882 Unseasoned Stock . 882 Price-cutting . 857 Process Engraving: Asphaltum as a Resist . 883 Black Specks in Half-tone Film . 884 Copper Roll, Coating with Enamel . 883 Drawing, Where to Learn . 885 Enamel in Humid Weather . 883 Facts and Formuke . 883 Father of Half-tone Reproduction . 883 Paynetype, the New Photoengraving . 884 Photoengraving, Information on . 883 Process and Lithography . 884 Questions for the Photoengraver . 883 , t Proofreaders’ Associations . 867 Proofreaders and Employers, Some Thoughts for . 843 Proofroom : Proofreaders’ Associations . Record or Memory . Record or Memory . Rotary Offset Presses in England . Rule Form Slurring . San Antonio Light and Gazette . San Antonio to Washington on Horseback San Francisco Situation, A Picture of the “ Skill ” (illustration) . Specimens: General Review of Specimen’s Received. ... 873 Stereotypers’ and Electrotypers’ Convention. . 906 Stereotyping Curved Plates . 855 Trade Binder and Printer, Relations of . 878 Trade, Condition of, in England . 864 Trade Situation as a Large Buyer Sees It. . . . 897 Trade Notes: Auto Falcon & Waite Die Press Co . 911 “ Big Six ” Wants to Build . 911 Boston’s Municipal Printing-plant . 911 Brown-Williams Printing Co. and Peoria City Printing . 912 Charles Francis’ Press Outing . 911 Chicago Old-time Printers’ Picnic . 911 Ellick, F. I., Goes to Omaha . 912 Law Reporter Printing Company Picnic . . 912 Melbourne Overseers Dine . 911 Meyer, John E., Secretary N. Y. Master Printers’ Association . 911 Oldest Active Printer in U. S . 912 Printer Candidate for Mayor of New York. 911 Printers’ Union Aids in School Fight . 911 Public Printer Donnelly as an Economist. . 911 Relief for Unemployed . 911 Savage, J. B., Picnic . 911 Smith-Brooks Wayzgoose . 911 Spokane Printers Have Picnic . 912 Stillings, Charles A., a Customs Official... 911 Whittemore, Francis P . 912 Unseasoned Stock . 882 Vise- jaw Adjustment . 865 Volkert, F. N . 879 Women’s Auxiliary, I. T. U . 907 Wood Engraver’s Tools . 852 Yukon Territory, Its History and Resources. . 896 867 867 867 867 867 864 882 887 887 905 868 BOOKS AND UTILITIES |gp THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY 120-130 Sherman St., CHICAGO 1729 Tribune Building, NEW YORK PAMPHLET GIVING CONTENTS OF EACH BOOK MAILED ON REQUEST 960 ivM lettering for printers ana By THOMAS WOOD STEVENS \ A comprehensive treatise on the art of lettering; with many interesting modern examples, together with tables and measurements valuable to constructors of advertising matter Trice One "Dollar THE INLAND PRINTER COMPANY CHICAGO AND NEW YORK $ 1— — - — - 1 1 New Ideas on an Old Subject 1 m rJThe Principles of Design 1 A book for designers, teachers and students. By Ernest 1 A. Batchelder, Instructor in the Manual Arts, Throop Poly- 1 technic Institute, Pasadena, California. This hook has heen I designated as “the most helpful work yet published on elemen- j tary design/’ It clearly defines the fundamental principles of j design, and presents a series of problems leading from the com- 1 position of abstract lines and areas in black, white and tones of I gray, to the more complex subject of nature in design, with I J helpful suggestions for the use of the naturalistic motif. There I I are over one hundred plates. The price is three dollars net. J $ I " " . . ? II Published by The Inland Printer Company II || 120-130 Sherman Street, Chicago, Ill. j; The following is a list of Miehle Presses shipped during the month of July , 1909 THIS LIST SHOWS THE CONTINUED DEMAND FOR MIEHLE PRESSES. Hamilton-Brown Shoe Co . St. Louis, Mo . 1 Previously purchased two Miehles. The Gerlach-Barklow Co . Joliet, Ill . 2 Previously purchased eight Miehles. American Pin Co . Waterville, Conn. ... 1 American Type Founders Co . Spokane, Wash . 1 The Chas. F. May Co . Detroit, Mich . 1 Previously purchased one Miehle. The Hugh Stephens Ptg. Co . Jefferson City, Mo... 1 Previously purchased one Miehle. Vinton R. Shepard . . . Cincinnati, Ohio .... 1 Rand, McNally & Co . Ossining, N. Y . 1 Previously purchased twenty-four Miehles. Gumaelius & Komp . Stockholm, Sweden.. 1 Previously purchased forty-four Miehles. Crown Press . . Chicago, Ill . 1 Previously purchased four Miehles. U. S. Military Academy . West Point, N. Y - 1 Previously purchased one Miehle. Oswego Publishing Co . Oswego, N. Y . 2 F. Tempsky . Vienna, Austria . 4 Glidden Varnish Co... . Cleveland, Ohio . 1 Previously purchased two Miehles. F. H. Abbott . San Francisco, Cal.. 1 Previously purchased four Miehles. The Maple Press . York, Pa . 1 Previously purchased one Miehle. Wareth Bros . New York City, N. Y. 1 Empire Printing Co. . Prince Rupert, B. C . 1 Anti-Saloon League of America. . .Westerville, Ohio ... 3 Birschewija Wedomosti . St. Petersburg, Russia 1 Tampa Box Co . Tampa, Fla . 1 Manhattan Press . New York City, N. Y. 2 A. Moiling & Co . Hanover, Germany... 1 Publishers Press . Boston, Mass . 1 Previously purchased three Miehles. .Niagara Falls, N. Y. 1 Previously purchased one Miehle. Atoz Printing Co . S. Whitley, Ind . 1 Previously purchased five Miehles. Reimers Pub. Co . Ft. Worth, Texas.... 1 Previously purchased one Miehle. Texas Paper Co . Dallas, Texas . 1 Previously purchased one Miehle. Logan, Swift & Brigham Envel¬ ope Co . Worcester, Mass .... 1 Merritt & Hector . Duluth, Minn . 1 The Boehme & Rauch Co . Monroe, Mich . 2 Previously purchased one Miehle. The Strobridge Litho. Co . Cincinnati, Ohio .... 1 Previously purchased two Miehles. Trunk Bros . New York City, N. Y . 1 Previously purchased one Miehle. Crunden-Martin Woodenware Co. S\ Louis, Mo . 1 Gibbs, Inman & Co . Lcuisville, Ky . 1 C. J. Krehbiel & Co . Cincinnati, Ohio . 4 Previously purchased seven Miehles. Reporter Pub. Co . Betl any, Neb . 1 W. H. Williams . Minneapolis, Minn... 1 J. B. Bass Pub. Co . Bangor, Me . 1 Pioneer Show & Commercial Ptg. Co . ...Seattle, Wash. 1 Previously purchased four Miehles. Globe Printing Co . . . . Denver, Colo . Tudor & Peterson . .....Denver, Colo . Commercial Bulletin Co . Minneapolis, Minn... Total Shipments for July, 1 909, S9 Miehle Presses For Prices, Terms and Other Particulars, addres: The Miehle Printing Press 6 Mfg. Co. Factory, COR. FOURTEENTH AND ROBEY STREETS, (South Side Office, 274 Dearborn Street) CHICAGO, ILL., U.S.A. mmm